Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Bobinages des machines électriques'
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Marault, Jérôme. "Conception de machines asynchrones triphasées à bobinages statoriques dentaires." Thesis, Lille, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LILUI007.
Full textSquirrel cage induction machines (IM) are reliable, robust and low cost manufacturing electrical machines. For historical and reliability reasons, they are mainly equipped with distributed stator windings. However, even if the latter ensure very satisfactory operation, they have significant end-coils lengths, which generate non-negligible Joule losses. Recently, different fractional slot concentrated windings (FSCW) with reduced end-coils have been used in synchronous machines with interesting performances. In addition to reducing stator Joule losses, these windings enable to design machines that are more compact and fault tolerant. Their use is less common in IM due to the problems induced by spatial harmonics in the magneto motive force when supplied. The aim of this work is to find the best way to use FSCW windings in IM while ensuring good performances. A detailed analysis is first carried out to precisely understand the physical phenomena associated with the use of FSCW in induction machines both in steady state and during start-up. A parametric analytical model of a squirrel cage induction machine was then developed. This model enables to design FSCW windings with a controlled spatial harmonic content but also rotors with different numbers of bars that are equidistant or not. On the basis of this tool, optimizations were carried out both on the stator and its winding and on the rotor structure, showing that it is possible to achieve "uncommon" structures with satisfactory performance. Finally, a fractional slot concentrated winding IM with an innovative rotor cage was developed. Its performance in terms of the developed torque was evaluated through numerical simulations and tests carried out on a prototype
Rouached, Bouali, and Bouali Rouached. "Contribution à la modélisation des défauts de bobinages des machines électriques et à leur détection par des mesures au rotor." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69310.
Full textCe travail de thèse traite de la détection des défauts de bobinages au stator dans les machines électriques contenant une structure d'amortissement. Les courts-circuits entre spires d'un même enroulement sont souvent la prémisse de l'apparition d'autres défauts de bobinages dont les conséquences sont plus sévères. La précocité de détection est donc essentielle pour préserver les machines et leur environnement humain ou matériel. Dans cet ouvrage, nous proposons une solution innovante de discrimination des courts-circuits basée sur la redondance de signaux mesurés au rotor. Pour définir celle-ci, une modélisation d'ordre élevé combinant l'approche des éléments finis et celle des circuits couplés a été employée. La première est utilisée pour déterminer les paramètres (couplages magnétiques) exploités par la seconde qui n'est autre que le modèle comportemental. Comme l'inconvénient de cette combinaison d'approches est le temps utile à l'identification des couplages magnétiques et sachant que diverses configurations de bobinage doivent être modélisées, une nouvelle méthodologie d'identification a été développée. Après une première identification (éléments finis) à temps réduit, celle-ci offre la possibilité d'estimer les paramètres d'une configuration de bobinage souhaitée sans réutilisation de la résolution par éléments finis. En plus de son exploitation pour mettre en œuvre le procédé de détection présenté, cette méthodologie d'identification est un générateur de paramètres utiles pour des détections basées sur « l'estimation paramétrique ». La modélisation des circuits couplés présente un excellent rapport précision/temps de calcul et une bonne efficacité dans la représentation des phénomènes spatiotemporels. L'intégration d'un défaut de bobinage nécessite de faire évoluer les équations de circuits du modèle. À des fins d'atteindre l'objectif de cette thèse, la structure du modèle a été modifiée pour introduire les courts-circuits entre spires au stator. En dehors de l'application présentée, l'association de la méthode d'identification avec le modèle comportemental permet la reproduction rapide de forme d'onde multiple, notamment exploitable dans les approches de détection orientée « signal ». Enfin, à partir de l'outil résultant des travaux précédents, le procédé de diagnostic a pu être déterminé. La sensibilité de détection est le critère principal pour la définition de la technique instrumentale et des traitements de signaux du procédé. L'influence des conditions de fonctionnement sur la sensibilité de détection est évaluée et est considérée pour le choix des solutions retenues. Ce procédé a été validé expérimentalement sur un alternateur synchrone à rotor bobiné de 5.4KVA.
This thesis deals with the detection of stator winding faults in electrical machines containing a damping structure. Short-circuits between turns of the same winding are often the premise for the appearance of other winding faults, the consequences of which are more severe. Early detection is therefore essential to preserve machines and their human or material environment. In this book, we propose an innovative solution to short-circuit discrimination based on the redundancy of signals measured at the rotor. To define this, high-order modelling combining the finite element approach and that of coupled circuits was used. The first is used to determine the parameters (magnetic couplings) exploited by the second which is none other than the behavioural model. As the downside of this combination of approach is the time taken to identify magnetic couplings and the knowledge that various coil configurations must be modelled, a new identification methodology was developed. After an initial identification (finite elements) at short notice, this offers the possibility of estimating the parameters of a desired winding configuration without reusing the finite element resolution. In addition to its use to implement the detection method presented, this identification methodology is a generator of useful parameters for detections based on "parametric estimation". The modelling of coupled circuits presents an excellent precision / calculation time ratio and a good efficiency in the representation of spatial-temporal phenomena. Integrating a winding fault requires changing the model's circuit equations. In order to achieve the objective of this thesis, the structure of the model has been modified to introduce the short circuits between turns at the stator. Apart from the application presented, the association of the identification method with the behavioural model allows the rapid production of multiple waveforms, particularly usable in "signal" oriented detection approaches. Finally, from the tool resulting from the previous work, the diagnostic process could be determined. The detection sensitivity is the main criterion for the definition of the instrumental technique and the signal processing of the process. The influence of the operating conditions on the detection sensitivity is evaluated and is considered for the choice of the solutions adopted. This process has been validated experimentally on a synchronous alternator with wound rotor of 5.4KVA.
This thesis deals with the detection of stator winding faults in electrical machines containing a damping structure. Short-circuits between turns of the same winding are often the premise for the appearance of other winding faults, the consequences of which are more severe. Early detection is therefore essential to preserve machines and their human or material environment. In this book, we propose an innovative solution to short-circuit discrimination based on the redundancy of signals measured at the rotor. To define this, high-order modelling combining the finite element approach and that of coupled circuits was used. The first is used to determine the parameters (magnetic couplings) exploited by the second which is none other than the behavioural model. As the downside of this combination of approach is the time taken to identify magnetic couplings and the knowledge that various coil configurations must be modelled, a new identification methodology was developed. After an initial identification (finite elements) at short notice, this offers the possibility of estimating the parameters of a desired winding configuration without reusing the finite element resolution. In addition to its use to implement the detection method presented, this identification methodology is a generator of useful parameters for detections based on "parametric estimation". The modelling of coupled circuits presents an excellent precision / calculation time ratio and a good efficiency in the representation of spatial-temporal phenomena. Integrating a winding fault requires changing the model's circuit equations. In order to achieve the objective of this thesis, the structure of the model has been modified to introduce the short circuits between turns at the stator. Apart from the application presented, the association of the identification method with the behavioural model allows the rapid production of multiple waveforms, particularly usable in "signal" oriented detection approaches. Finally, from the tool resulting from the previous work, the diagnostic process could be determined. The detection sensitivity is the main criterion for the definition of the instrumental technique and the signal processing of the process. The influence of the operating conditions on the detection sensitivity is evaluated and is considered for the choice of the solutions adopted. This process has been validated experimentally on a synchronous alternator with wound rotor of 5.4KVA.
Rouached, Bouali. "Contribution à la modélisation des défauts de bobinages des machines électriques et à leur détection par des mesures au rotor." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69310.
Full textThis thesis deals with the detection of stator winding faults in electrical machines containing a damping structure. Short-circuits between turns of the same winding are often the premise for the appearance of other winding faults, the consequences of which are more severe. Early detection is therefore essential to preserve machines and their human or material environment. In this book, we propose an innovative solution to short-circuit discrimination based on the redundancy of signals measured at the rotor. To define this, high-order modelling combining the finite element approach and that of coupled circuits was used. The first is used to determine the parameters (magnetic couplings) exploited by the second which is none other than the behavioural model. As the downside of this combination of approach is the time taken to identify magnetic couplings and the knowledge that various coil configurations must be modelled, a new identification methodology was developed. After an initial identification (finite elements) at short notice, this offers the possibility of estimating the parameters of adesired winding configuration without reusing the finite element resolution. In addition to its use to implement the detection method presented, this identification methodology is a generator of useful parameters for detections based on "parametric estimation". The modelling of coupled circuits presents an excellent precision/ calculation time ratio and a good efficiency in the representation of spatial-temporal phenomena. Integrating awinding fault requires changing the model's circuit equations. In order to achieve the objective of this thesis, the structure of the model has been modified to introduce the short circuits between turns at the stator. Apart from the application presented, the association of the identification method with the behavioural model allows therapid production of multiple waveforms, particularly usable in "signal" oriented detection approaches. Finally, from the tool resulting from the previous work, the diagnostic process could be determined. The detection sensitivity is the main criterion for the definition of the instrumental technique and the signal processing of the process. The influence of the operating conditions on the detection sensitivity is evaluated and is considered forthe choice of the solutions adopted. This process has been validated experimentally on a synchronous alternator with wound rotor of 5.4KVA.
Toudji, Mustapha. "Développement de méthodes d'analyse des contraintes sur les isolants inter-spires des bobinages des machines électriques." Thesis, Artois, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ARTO0212.
Full textThe transition to a higher DC voltage network is the most suitable solution to meet with the steady increase in the need/requirement for power flowing in the networks. Today, the control of embedded electric actuators involves the massive use of electronic converters that impose sudden voltage variations. The latter, when applied to an electrical machine windings, generates high electric field levels between the insulators, exceeding sometimes the partial discharge inception voltage (PDIV). Exceeding this threshold leads to the appearance of partial discharges, which are particularly harmful to the turn-to-turn insulation and are responsible for a very rapid deterioration of the electrical insulation system.This physical phenomenon is the main element of the problem on which these research works are based. In this thesis, a numerical tool was developed, which allows prior to the electrical machine design, to predict the electrical stresses applied to the machine's insulation system. This tool should allow the development of new solutions in the various research axes on the aging problem of electric actuators. It involves the development of an RLC lumped element equivalent circuit whose parameters were computed by means of a finite elements analysis considering both the geometry of turns and its location in the coil. Firstly, this tool is used to analyse the electrical stresses applied to the inter-turns insulation of the windings in order to localize the critical zones in the electrical windings. A method based on a simulation of the distribution of the electric field in the windings as a function of time has been developed. The visualization and analysis of electric field maps over a defined time interval allow to determine and to localize the maximum electrical stresses applied to the turn-to-turn insulation. Secondly, to study the aging of the electrical insulation system and to improve the detection methods, a diagnosis assistance tool is proposed. This tool is based on a calculation of the the resonance frequencies’ variations which are most sensitive to the ΔC indicator tested in the laboratory. In order to refine the possibilities of diagnosis, new correlations have been sought, analysed and highlighted
Moeneclaey, Julien. "Méthode de conception des bobinages des actionneurs électriques adaptés aux nouvelles contraintes de l'avionique." Thesis, Artois, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ARTO0201/document.
Full textThe More Electric Aircraft development is reflected by a bigger use of the electrical actuators, which replace the hydraulic or pneumatic system existing or they can also answer to new needs. The energy distribution on board is based on a high voltage continuous bus of 540V connected to electrical power converter. The electric power wide band gap components (SiC, GaN) improve the converters performances but very steep of voltage edge is imposed on the windings of the electric actuators. Each edge excites a transitory regime including an important surge which corresponds to intense electric fields in the inter-turns insulation of coils. When this repetitive electrical constraint exceeds the partial discharges inception voltage (PDIV), the life time of the organic layer between the turns is strongly reduced. The detailed study of the partial discharges (PD) in the area which separate the enamel wire of the windings allows to locate the area where the PD appears. The use of thermo-bonding, with a bonding thickness adapted, allows to raise PDIV beyond the repetitive edge of voltage for the actuators which work in the pressurized parts of the planes. The orderly windings solutions were tested on impregnated cylindrical coils. This analysis shows that the impregnation increases slightly the PDIV from the inter-turns insulation in proportions that do not totally correspond to the intrinsic characteristics of the used varnish. Therefore, the impregnated coils must be conceived on the basis of the primary insulation performance of the enamelled wire. The turn’s arrangement in an orderly coil allows to distribute the constraints and so to conceive the windings which can resist the compulsory repetitive of voltage spikes by the inverter in low pressures corresponding to not pressurized zones in a plane during the flight. A model, based on HF equivalent schema taking in consideration the first two resonances of the elementary coils, allows to analyse the constraints distribution between the coils connected in series of a machine phase
Mihaila, Vasile. "Nouvelle conception des bobinages statoriques des machines à courant alternatif pour réduire les effets négatifs des dV/dt." Thesis, Artois, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ARTO0212/document.
Full textThe emergence of the concept of a more electric aircraft requires a major overhaul of onboard grid. The main developed axis is based on an increase in the grid voltage and a switch to DC bus. In this context, the onboard electric actuators are supplied through power electronic converters that will impose very fast voltage fronts and particular constraints in the windings of the machines. The transient over-voltages that follow the steep-fronted pulses are the source of intense electric fields which may exceed the partial discharge inception voltage (PDIV) and cause a rapid deterioration of polymer based insulators. This thesis focuses on the study of a new design method of the windings in order to reduce problems of partial discharges. An experimental device developed in this framework reproduces the constraints of modern converters and allows measuring the turn-to-turn voltages of a coil. The experimental study shows the phenomena to be considered with this type of power supply and gives an idea of possible areas for optimization. A predictive model able to give the distribution of turn-to-turn voltages, in response to a steep-fronted voltage, helps to identify critical points. The constitutive parameters of this model were determined using analytical, experimental and numerical methods. Given the complexity of the model, an automated numerical tool has been developed in order to simulate the model of studied coils. Several types of coil have been analyzed and optimized successfully. This optimization consists in reducing the turn-to-turn voltages by acting on the arrangement of the wires in the slots. The use of optimized coils with this method allows envisaging a significantimprovement in the reliability of electrical machines
Benmamas, Loucif. "Méthodes d’évaluation du risque de décharges partielles dans le bobinage de machines électriques destinées à la traction automobile." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS451/document.
Full textElectrical machine used in variable speed drives are usually fed by a converter using fast switching power electronics devices. Thus, each stator winding of the machine is subjected to steep-fronted voltage pulses whose distribution over its various turns depends on the parasitic capacitances between turns or between turns and slot walls. Therefore, local areas of high electric field appear within the coil, often resulting in partial discharges activity. This thesis aims to provide accurate and quantified information regarding partial discharge inception when various parameters related to the machine power supply and winding topology so as to help develop expertise with respect to problems related to partial discharges, as well as to deduce machine design rules in this regard
Al, Eit Moustafa. "Application de la réduction du modèle dans les analyses par éléments finis pour l’optimisation du bobinage des machines électriques." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS579/document.
Full textThe switched reluctance machine can be used in hybrid or electric vehicle where, for autonomy considerations, energy efficiency is crucial. Because of the strong stray field in the air-gap region of the switched reluctance machine due to its salient pole geometry, the copper losses can become substantial. It is firmly recommended therefore not to place the coil conductors near the air-gap region. Nevertheless, concrete instructions for optimal winding design are missing. The copper losses in electrical machines are subdivided into classical DC ohmic losses and additional eddy current losses occurring due to the time varying magnetic fields penetrating the copper conductors. Based on the fact that the DC losses are constant at a given operating point, the optimization is focused on reducing the eddy current losses by modifying the winding geometry configuration. In the case of tedious repetitive calculations, met for example during design and optimization processes of electrical machine windings, there is a significant interest in reducing the computation time. This work suggests three model reduction techniques and their applications in the finite element analyses.Besides the frequency of the excitation current and the cross section of the coil conductors, several factors related to the winding configuration can affect the addition al eddy current losses:i) the coil conductor position in the winding slot especially near the stator pole or close to the air gapii) the disposition of the coil conductor against the two-dimensional flux lines in the slot windingiii) the subdivision of the solid conductor into multiple parallel strands swapping their positions periodically in the conductor cross section throughout the length of the machine winding.This thesis mainly studies the influence of the geometric coils disposition in the slot windings and the type of the conductor used whether it is solid or stranded, with Litz or twisted wires.The eddy current losses exit through the strong electro-magnetic coupling between the electric current density and the time dependent magnetic flux lines penetrating the conductors; it is described mathematically by a partial differential equation that cannot be solved easily. The analytical approach, which is used practically for a quick resolution of the strong electro-magnetic coupling equation, is only possible under certain simplifying assumptions that deteriorate brutally the reliability of the copper losses calculation. The finite element modeling as for it, allows taking into account the rotor motion and the non-linear behavior of the magnetic circuit, thus ensuring a higher accuracy. However, it leads under these conditions to a substantial calculation time and requires large storage capacity. These constraints are critical and may hinder therefore any process of conception or optimization. In this thesis, we suggest three different model reduction techniques that can be effective in reducing the size of large scale complete finite element models and enable therefore to shorten the computational time:i) the spatial reduction avoiding the 3D modeling which seems required in the case of twisted and Litz wires and suggesting an alternative satisfactory 2D modeling.ii) the perturbation technique.iii) the model order reduction using the proper orthogonal decomposition combined with the discrete empirical interpolation method.The comparison between the reduced model solutions to that of the complete finite element model has proved the effectiveness of the proposed model reduction techniques; they allow shrinking the required computational time while staying below an acceptable error of accuracy
Savin, Serghei. "Nouvel indicateur de vieillissement de l'isolation inter-spires des machines électriques utilisées en aéronautique." Thesis, Artois, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ARTO0201/document.
Full textFor modern aircrafts, the onboard electrical grid becomes the main energy transmission system apart from energy reserved for propulsion. Electrical systems are gradually replacing hydraulic and air systems providing respectively flight controls and cabin comfort in current aircrafts. To transmit higher electrical power without increasing the conductors’ masses, a new standard has been set, the grid of more electrical aircrafts will be 540 VDC. As a result, static converters will systematically be used to drive the electrical actuators. Substantially higher electrical constraints will be applied to electrical machine windings, in addition to those inherent in aeronautics. To obtain the required operational safety, the monitoring of the insulation for onboard electrical embedded machines has become indispensable. This thesis work is focused on the definition of a new aging indicator for the electrical insulation of machine used in aeronautics. The new delta-C indicator is based on the correlation between the increase in the turn-to-turn winding capacitance and reduction of performance mainly characterized by the decrease of Partial Discharge Inception Voltage (PDIV). The experimental part of this work is considerable; the thesis gives the results of accelerated aging tests on a large number of enameled wire standard samples. These results make it possible to define critical threshold for the new delta-C indicator depending on the mission profile of the actuator. The new delta-C indicator is correlated with an easily measurable parameter on an operating electrical machine, i.e. the resonance frequencies of the winding. A numerical tool was developed to determine the resonance frequencies to be monitored according to the geometry and the technology of the winding machine. The prediction frequencies determined by the developed numerical tool have been verified by measurements on artificially aged coils. The study has been extended to the influence of the supply cable of the electrical machine. The operating limits of the proposed monitoring system are defined for various distances between the electrical machine and the connection point of the measurement systems
Jarrot, Damien. "Contribution au développement d'outils de conception de machines synchrones à aimants permanents en vue de l'intégration convertisseur-machine : étude des machines électriques double étoile à coupleur magnétique intégré pour une application aéronautique." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2016. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/17868/1/Jarrot_Damien.pdf.
Full textRain, Xavier. "Contributions à la commande et à la conception des machines à réluctance variable à double saillance." Thesis, Paris 11, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA112170.
Full textFor electric vehicles, traction from storage battery to the wheels through the engine is the heart of the system. It regularly enjoys technological innovations making this vehicle more attractive. Currently, machines offered by manufacturers are classic, synchronous and induction machines. With complex laws, they offer good performance.However, manufacturers are exploring new unconventional machines to reduce their manufacturing cost while maintaining performance. One possible solution is the switched reluctance machine (SRM). Indeed, its design is simple and made of inexpensive materials. Its rotor completely passive gives it a very good robustness and high rotational speed required for certain compactness. However, its operation is much more complex than for other machines, it is relatively noisy and has significant torque ripple.Our work contributes to the improvement of SRM’s performance in terms of control torque characteristics and global efficiency over a large range speed. They were driven on two axes: one control axis and one design axis.To satisfy a torque control as perfect as possible, new currents controller both efficient and relatively simple to implement on software target were first presented. Then we proposed a SRM's control implementation on hardware and software targets. The objective is to maintain the performances in the case of an important sampling period, especially at high speeds. So an FPGA circuit (Fied Programmable Gate Array) was used.To improve torque characteristics depending on the speed, and global efficiency, a new SRM structure has been proposed. It is provided with an auxiliary coil creating a magnetic excitation in each phase. A study was initially conducted using simulations based on a new model. It helped to highlight the benefits of excitement compared to a conventional SRM. To validate the results, a prototype was then designed, built and tested.An important part of this work has been devoted to the implementation of experimental platforms and implementation of numerous tests to validate the theoretical developments, both in terms of control on a 8/6 SRM and design on a 6/4 SRM
Gilson, Adrien. "Modélisation et conception des machines haute vitesse pour la turbocompression assistée électriquement." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCD003.
Full textIn the automotive industry, regulations to limit the emission of greenhouse gases have become more and more severe. This trend is not going to change and solutions must be found to improve the efficiency of internal combustion engines (ICE) that drive the majority of passenger cars in the world.Turbochargers are a clever solution to improve the thermodynamic efficiency of the ICE. This forced induction device increases the air pressure in the cylinders and therefore the engine torque. However, turbochargers have a major disadvantage for the driver experience: a lag time (turbo lag) between the moment when the driver steps on the accelerator and the moment when torque is available.To overcome this problem, an electric machine can be used to assist the turbocharger during the speed up phase. This machine can be a part of an independent system of air compression and placed upstream of the turbocharger or it can be integrated directly into the turbocharger. In both cases, the response time of the turbocharger is greatly reduced which directly impacts the dynamic of the vehicle and the driving pleasure. The integration of the electric machine directly on the turbocharger allows its operation as a generator to improve the overall efficiency of the ICE.The subject of this thesis is the modeling and design of high speed electric machines for these applications. The main requirements are:-High-speed operation: between 70,000 and 150,000 rpm and peripheral speeds around 150 m/s.-Power density: from 3 to 15 kW for compact machines that will have to be integrated under the hood of the vehicle.-High efficiency: around 95 % and above.-A design adapted to mass production for the automotive industry.To cope with this requirements, the following tasks were undertaken:Firstly, we modeled the electromagnetic and mechanical behaviors of high-speed slotted electric machines with surface-mounted permanent magnets. For the electromagnetic part, we developed a subdomain calculation model. For the mechanical part, we worked on a multilayer model to evaluate the rotor strength at high speed.Secondly, we used finite element analysis methods to explore different machine structures. We compared several topologies of slotted and slotless machines, with tooth-coil winding and toroidal winding. This parametric study allowed us to compare the torque density and efficiency of these machines.Finally, we dealt with the case of prototyping and measurements of these machines. Based on the previous studies, we prototyped three machines with promising performances. The mechanical design of the different machines is discussed as well as the measurement methods and the difficulties associated with high speed characterization.During this thesis work, other aspects were also discussed such as the losses in power converters driving high-speed electric machines, rotor dynamics and acoustic emissions
Le, Coat Gwenaëlle. "Discrétion électromagnétique des machines électriques tournantes." Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPG0108.
Full textEvery electrical machine produces electromagnetic stray fields. Those fields have low values in term of classical electrotechnics, but in other applications they seem high, like for example in magnetic detection. In this way the aim of this thesis is the reduction of electromagnetic stray fields of electrical machines. An experimental set has been installed. It allows to study, with a great accuracy, the electromagnetic signature of machines and tbe influence of sorne elements as the presence of end shields, and the rotor. The effect of eccentricity has been shown in a purpose of machine safety and maintenance. Numerical models have been developed. The 2D model gives only qualitative results because of its hypothesis : end windings not taken Înto account and infinite length of the machine. The 3D model is able to represent physical phenomena outside the machine. A simple analytical model is also described in this thesis. It is based on the representation by equivalent magnetic dipoles. It helps to understand the signature of the machines. Finally, thanks to those models, solutions for stray fields reduction, as an active shielding, have been considered, after a review of the present usual solutions
Neagoe, Cristian Emil. "Étude de nouvelles structures de machines électriques." Grenoble INPG, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPG0119.
Full textCeban, Andrian. "Méthode globale de diagnostic des machines électriques." Thesis, Artois, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ARTO0202/document.
Full textThe work described in this thesis proposes new procedures to diagnose faults in AC machines. The diagnostic procedures described are reliable, original, inexpensive and simple to implement. They have the advantage of being noninvasive and just get rid from the main drawback presented by other diagnostic methods based on a comparison with a healthy state assumed to be known. The analysis focuses on the magnetic field dispersion in the vicinity of the machine, especially its radial an axial distribution which presents different sensitivity according to various faults. To this end, the phenomena due to inter-turn short-circuit faults in the stator winding, rotor eccentricity and broken rotor bars, are studied in the case of an induction machine and a synchronous machine. For each fault, specific signatures are identified and justified by analytical modeling and numerical method of analysis including coupled electric circuit and finite element methods. Defects have been created in the rotor and stator on different machines in order to validate experimentally the suggested diagnostic procedures
Ben, Nachouane Ayoub. "Modélisation numérique des phénomènes aérothermiques dans les machines électriques en vue d’optimisation de leur conception : application aux machines électriques des véhicules hybrides et électriques." Thesis, Compiègne, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017COMP2348/document.
Full textThe integration of an electrical machine into modern hybrid vehicles is associated with new technical constraints such as the integrability into small volume without losing certainly in performance. Therefore, the development of compacter electrical machines is a well-founded argument for car manufacturers as well as electrical machine designers. On the other hand, this finding assumes that the thermal aspects are undertaken not only during the operation of the electrical machine, but also during the design process. The internal heat generated in different areas impacts strongly the power density and the magnet health which deeply reduce the electrical machine reliability. Heat transfer modeling inside electrical machines is a tricky task because of the strong coupling between the different physics governing their operations. Indeed, the generated losses spread inside the electrical machine through three heat transfer modes which are: conduction (heat diffusion), convection(heat transport) and radiation (heat scattering). In terms of geometry, if a first approach can be carried out by considering only radial heat fluxes, the axially-transferred heat must be undertaken when it is also necessary to consider end caps effects, and particularly the heat released by the bearings. In order to carry out relevantly the thermal analysis of a permanent magnets synchronous machine, CFD based methods are used to characterize the convective heat transfer inside this machine over a large operating range. Both natural and forced convection are analyzed and the corresponding heat transfer coefficients are numerically-estimated. Empirical equations are proposed in order to take into account the coupling between thermal and fluid dynamics inside the cavities of the studied totally-enclosed machine. These correlations are integrated then into a detailed and reduced thermal network. Experimental tests are carried out using a test bench in order to measure temperature distribution in different areas of the electrical machine. Afterward, a comparison between estimated and measured temperatures shows that the results of the numerically-enhanced thermal network are in a good agreement with measurements. Thus, the proposed recommendations based on CFD modeling allow the convective heat transfer to be characterize quickly and precisely. These correlations are useful for upcoming studies dealing with convection inside automotive electrical machines as well as high speed electrical machines
Amara, Yacine. "Modélisation pour le dimensionnement des machines électriques. Application à des machines spéciales." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université du Havre, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00831948.
Full textJerance, Nikola. "Réseaux de réluctances et diagnostic des machines électriques." Grenoble INPG, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002INPG0113.
Full textFroidurot, Benoît. "Discrétion magnétique des machines électriques de propulsion navale." Grenoble INPG, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002INPG0074.
Full textZein, El Din Ashraf. "Comparaison d'architecture pour la commande des machines électriques." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPL034N.
Full textTia, Philippe. "Etude paramétrique des performances d'une structure de machine synchrone à aimants alternés, concentration de flux et bobinages globalisés." Montpellier 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON20239.
Full textOkou, Aimé Francis. "Commande non linéaire adaptative des réseaux électriques multi-machines." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2002. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/800/1/OKOU_Aim%C3%A9_Francis.pdf.
Full textDe, Lara Jayme Salvador Carlos. "Identification des paramètres des machines électriques à courant alternatif." Toulouse, INPT, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPT009H.
Full textChorein-Druette, Blandine. "Isolation des machines électriques par électrodéposition d'un revêtement chargé." Lyon 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LYO10060.
Full textChristophe, Cyrille. "Surveillance des systèmes non linéaires : application aux machines électriques." Lille 1, 2001. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2002/50376-2001-271-272.pdf.
Full textAlachkar, Bassem. "Diagnostic vibro-acoustique des défauts de fabrication des machines électriques." Paris 11, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA112190.
Full textLe, Claire Jean-Claude. "Circuits specifiques pour commande de machines a courants alternatifs." Nantes, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NANT2001.
Full textGeoffroy, Marc. "Étude de l'influence des paramètres géométriques du circuit magnétique sur les formes d'onde de permeance et de couple des machines cylindriques à reluctance variable à double saillance." Paris 11, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA112017.
Full textCavarec, Pierre-Emmanuel. "Conception, modélisation et optimisation des actionneurs polyentrefers à bobinages globaux : Application aux structures linéaires multi-tiges." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00972577.
Full textChekou, Sufyan. "Étude et expérimentation d'une machine synchrone rapide à réluctance variable." Paris 6, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA066083.
Full textBrisset, Stephane. "Démarches et outils pour la conception optimale des machines électriques." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00264041.
Full textUne conception optimale résulte ainsi de la bonne adéquation entre les modèles, les algorithmes d'optimisation, les formulations mathématiques et les démarches de conception les mettant en œuvre. Ce mémoire présente chacun de ces éléments et met en exergue leurs interactions. Les formulations sont multiples et il revient au concepteur de choisir celle qui convient à son application. Des transformations permettent de passer d'un formalisme à un autre et apportent une plus grande souplesse dans la démarche de conception. Les modèles les plus utilisés pour la conception des dispositifs électrotechniques sont classés en trois catégories : les modèles analytiques, les modèles éléments finis, et les modèles semi-numériques. Leurs propriétés sont complémentaires et aucune catégorie ne domine une autre mais chacune réalise un compromis optimal entre la précision et le temps de calcul. Enfin, les caractéristiques des algorithmes sont souvent complémentaires et l'hybridation est une solution efficace pour réduire le temps d'optimisation et augmenter la précision.
Des optimisations menées avec plusieurs algorithmes et modèles confirment les fortes interactions qui existent entre les choix d'un modèle, d'un algorithme et d'une formulation. Au-delà des caractéristiques intrinsèques des algorithmes, leur mise en œuvre pour l'optimisation des dispositifs électrotechniques reste l'épreuve de vérité et apporte quelques surprises. La maîtrise d'une diversité de modèles, d'algorithmes et de formulations garantit au concepteur d'arriver de façon rationnelle à un dispositif optimal.
Les perspectives de recherche à moyen terme concernent les algorithmes d'optimisation déterministes globaux à variables mixtes et les modèles et algorithmes capables de faire des choix structurels et de matériaux. Les perspectives à long terme portent sur l'optimisation systémique multi-niveau et multi-échelle.
Granjon, Pierre. "Contribution à la compensation active des vibrations des machines électriques." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00101286.
Full textdes courants de commande additionnels afin d'engendrer des forces radiales sur le stator. Celui-ci répond alors par des vibrations additionnelles qui interagissent avec les vibrations naturelles de la machine. Le but de ce
système de contrôle actif est donc de calculer la valeur ”optimale” de ces courants, permettant de minimiser la puissance des signaux vibratoires au niveau de capteurs accéléromètriques fixés à la périphérie du stator.
Dans un premier temps, la modélisation du transfert situé entre les commandes et les contre-vibrations engendrées conduit à un système linéaire et variant périodiquement dans le temps (LVPT). La fréquence fondamentale de ses variations est alors proportionnelle à la fréquence de rotation de la machine.
Après avoir montré l'insuffisance des méthodes classiques de contrôle actif pour cette application, une étude théorique détaillée des systèmes LVPT est réalisée. Elle conduit à la définition d'une matrice de transfert, jouant le même rôle que la fonction de transfert classique employée pour les systèmes linéaires et invariants dans le temps. Cette matrice permet d'écrire simplement la relation entre les entrées et les sorties du système
considéré dans le domaine fréquentiel.
Finalement, les résultats précédents sont utilisés afin de déterminer l'expression optimale des courants de commande minimisant la puissance des signaux de vibrations mesurés. Un algorithme récursif permet également de converger vers cet optimum, et de prendre en compte d'éventuelles variations des perturbations vibratoires à éliminer. Divers résultats, obtenus sur des signaux synthétiques puis sur des signaux vibratoires réels, illustrent les performances obtenues par ce système de contrôle actif. Il permet une réduction significative des vibrations
synchrones au phénomène de rotation, sans pour autant modifier les caractéristiques des autres. Enfin, son implantation en temps-réel dans un processeur numérique de traitement de signal est discutée et réalisée.
Latreche, Mohamed. "Modélisation magnétique et thermique des machines électriques par schémas équivalents." Toulouse, INPT, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987INPT030H.
Full textBommé, Edouard. "Modélisation et optimisation des machines électriques discoïdes à double entrefer." Grenoble INPG, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPG0155.
Full textThe evolution of technology and environmental problems has encouraged the development of new structures of electrical machines. Ln this thesis, we propose to study two structures: dual gap discoid machines and permanent magnets buried. Using current modelling tools (three-dimensional finite element modelling with FLUX) with new optimization methods (digital design of experiments methods) and ferromagnetic materials rarely used at present (iron powder), a study will be conducted on the industrial potential of each structure. At the end of this research, we propose new efficient machines within the small and medium power range. These machines, combined with proper supply, can be used as variable speed drives in ail sectors of industry
Khezzar, Abdelmalek. "Filtrage actif du couple de machines électriques de forte puissance." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPL135N.
Full textYahoui, Hamed. "Contribution à la surveillance et au diagnostic des machines électriques." Lyon 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO10179.
Full textWerynski, Piotr. "Vieillissement des diélectriques et surveillance in situ des machines électriques." Artois, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ARTO0210.
Full textStator winding insulation breakdown is at the origin of one of the major cause of AC machine failures. These defaults, linked to the slow weakening of the insulation material properties, may appear earlier when the machine is fed by an adjustable speed drive (ASD), works under severe climatic conditions or in a corrosive atmosphere such as salty air. The new monitoring system of the stator dielectric aging proposed in this PhD thesis is based on the indirect measurement of the winding turn to turn capacitance. Experiments performed on twisted pair specimens and motorette windings establish a link between the turn to turn capacitance, the insulation breakdown voltage and the probability of failure at rated voltage. Considering an entire machine, the changes in turn to turn capacitance yield a slip of several high frequency resonances of the windings which can be detected by the new monitoring system. The principle consists of adding a high low-level voltage to the winding at a frequency near the chosen resonance frequency. This signal allows to perform the measurement of the slow slip of the resonance frequency. The measurement can be made on the current or on the high frequency magnetic field in the immediate vicinity of the machine. The synchronous detection principle is used in order to be able to measure low-level signals in a noisy environment
Merle, Rémi. "Utilisation des aimants Néodyme-Fer-Bore dans les machines électriques." Grenoble INPG, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPG0055.
Full textFernandez, sanchez Alejandro. "Étude de machines électriques non conventionnelles pour des alternateurs industriels." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLC084/document.
Full textThe PhD project aims to analyse nonconventional structures of electric machines for electric power generation with diesel gensets. The researched topologies should use less active materials and/or simplify the manufacturing process compared to today’s machines.One of the structures is intended for the excitation system of the electric machine. It is composed of a claw-pole stator and a toroidal winding. It is designed using a 3D Finite Element model, previously validated by a prototype. This structure allows a significant reduction of the quantity of copper of the field winding.The other two structures under study are proposed for the main generator. A synchronous-reluctance machine with flux-barriers and a field winding in the rotor is analysed. The objective is to increase the torque density by increasing the reluctance torque. The designed machine is compared to the conventional structure. This case shows the limitations of structures similar to the current structure.The last structure is a new topology of electric machine. It combines the characteristics of claw-pole machines andaxial-flux machines. An original modelling approach is developed to analyse this 3D structure for its design based on an optimization algorithm. The study shows that the excitation system has a key role in its performances.This work also notes that the future evolution of magnetic materials should benefit the use of non-conventional structures with 3D flux paths
Nasr, Andre. "Nouvelles structures de machines électriques pour la génération embarquée avionique." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLN065.
Full textThis work addresses the subject of the embedded electric generation in future aircraft. The main objective is to find a new electrical machine structures that can meet the new avionic requirements. We have been particularly interested in a Hybrid Excited Flux Switching machine with a Magnetic Bridge (HEFSMMB). The structure of this machine has several advantages such as static excitation sources, a passive rotor and a unique stator structure which makes it possible to have a low residual voltage, thus respecting the safety constraints. We have presented in the first chapter a state of the art on singly and doubly excited flux switching machines. We have also given the rules which define the choice of the number of stator and rotor poles. Chapter 2 was devoted to study the electromagnetic performances of the HEFSMMB using a finite element model. This model has been validated by experimental measurements carried out on a 3 kW prototype. In the final chapter, we have put in place an optimization methodology in order to improve the overall performances of the HEFSMMB and to limit its residual voltage. The optimization results showed much improved performances. It can be concluded that the MCFDEPM is a good candidate to replace the three-stage machine in future aircraft
Laamiri, Saber. "Commande des systèmes électriques : machines synchrones et convertisseurs multi-niveaux." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ECDN0031/document.
Full textThis PhD thesis aims to the observation and control of multilevel converters and the synchronous machines control. To satisfy the needs of GS Maintenance's customers and for maintenance reasons, a control strategy for a current fed self controlled synchronous machine is validated by experiments tests. The proposed strategy focus on a very low speed because the machine counter electromotive force is insufficient for inverter thyristors switching. Recently, the company proposed for its customers a power converter with medium voltage to keep its place in the speed variation. So, a modern voltage control of the synchronous machine fed by a voltage inverter is proposed and validated by simulation results. Medium voltage operation encouraged the company to choose the multi-level converter. Then, the flying capacitor converter is proposed in this work and a direct control based on the sliding mode theory and the priority principle is designed to guarantee the voltage balance. This control strategy has been generalized for any number of cells of the converter and validated by simulation results for a 7 cells converter. To reduce the cost and complexity of the converter, an adaptive observer floating voltages is proposed by taking into account the switching states of the converter. This observer is then associated with the direct control in closed loop. A test bench of a 3 cells converter is set up in the company. Experimental tests of « observer based direct control » are then conducted on this test bench
Laoubi, Yanis. "Modélisation des machines électriques par les réseaux de perméances génériques : cas des machines à flux axial." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMLH17.
Full textThe aim of this PhD thesis is to propose a design approach of the axial flux permanent magnet synchronous generator for multi megawatts wind converter application. The axial flux permanent magnet synchronous machine being intrinsically three dimensional, a 3D multiphysics sizing model is needed in order to conduct an efficient optimal design of this type of machines. Unfortunately, 3D multiphysic models are generally issued from finite element method. So, they are very heavy to be handled in a reduced time from an engineer point of view and especially at the first stages of the design procedure. In order to address the faster axial flux machine design, this PhD thesis develops a lumped parameters approach modelling offering a good computation time to precision ratio and thus helping to reduce considerably the spent time in the first stages design procedure. The lumped parameters modelling approach is also well suited for the modelling of the three main physics to be considered in an electrical generator (magnetic model, thermal model and mechanical model). For the magnetic model, the lumped parameters approach consists, in this thesis, in the development of a generic magnetic reluctance network linked to the machine geometry. In fact, the latter is divided into parallelepipedic elementary volumes, each of them is modelled by a local reluctance network. The reluctance network of the hole machine geometry results then automatically in an algebraic magnetic system, the solution of which provides the distribution of the scalar magnetic potential at the elementary volume nodes. The described lumped parameters modelling was implemented in a computational code developed at the GREAH Lab. The effectiveness of the reluctance network axial flux machine modelling was validated by 2D and 3D finite element simulations. The lumped parameters computational code will regroup the ongoing developments of thermal and mechanical models at the GREAH Lab in order to reach the completion of a mutliphysics lumped parameters computational code
Yhuel, Jean-François. "Commande en courant des machines à courant alternatif." Nantes, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NANT2093.
Full textAttaf, Mohamed Tahar. "Études sur les machines électriques "supersat" de configurations cylindrique et linéaire." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NAN10068.
Full textHirsinger, Laurent. "Étude des déformations magneto-élastiques dans les matériaux ferromagnétiques doux : application à l'étude des déformations d'une structure de machine électrique." Paris 6, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA066735.
Full textAssini, Mohammed. "Étude de nouveaux algorithmes de résolution dans les méthodes de simulation sans à priori des ensembles convertisseurs statiques-machines électriques." Toulouse, INPT, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987INPT053H.
Full textPiecourt, Éric. "Caractérisation électromécanique et alimentation électronique des moteurs piézo-électriques." Toulouse, INPT, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPT102H.
Full textPierquin, Joseph. "Contribution à la commande des systèmes multimachines multiconvertisseurs : application à la résolution de problèmes en traction électrique." Lille 1, 2002. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2002/50376-2002-107.pdf.
Full textVulturescu, Bogdan. "Contribution à la commande robuste des systèmes électromécaniques par la méthode du modèle de comportement : application à la commande des systèmes multimachines." Lille 1, 2002. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2002/50376-2002-53-54.pdf.
Full textBesbes, Mondher. "Contribution à la modélisation numérique des phénomènes couples magneto-élastiques : Application à l'étude des vibrations d'origine magnétique dans les MRV." Paris 6, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA066023.
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