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Journal articles on the topic 'Body Liberation'
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Shulman, Eviatar. "Embodied Transcendence: The Buddha’s Body in the Pāli Nikāyas." Religions 12, no. 3 (March 9, 2021): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel12030179.
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This article reassesses the role of the body in advanced meditation as it is presented in the early Buddhist Pāli discourses, showing that certain theorizations of liberation held that it contained a marked corporeal element. The article also reflects upon the understanding of the Buddha’s body in this textual corpus, and demonstrates that for important strands of the early tradition, the Buddha’s liberation was thought to manifest in his body, so that liberation impacted his physical presence and the quality of his movement. There are also marked metaphysical dimensions to the Buddha’s body, so that its nature transcends the material. Common approaches that take liberation to be a purely psychological transformation thus ignore important aspects of the traditional understanding, which also directs us to think of a plurality of approaches to liberation.
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Cohen, Dan Baron. "Resistance to Liberation: Decolonizing the Mindful-Body." Performance Research 1, no. 2 (January 1996): 60–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13528165.1996.10871491.
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Nordenstam, Anna, and Margareta Wallin Wictorin. "Women's Liberation." European Comic Art 12, no. 2 (September 1, 2019): 77–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/eca.2019.120205.
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In Sweden, publication of original feminist comics started in the 1970s and increased during the following decade. This article describes and analyses the Swedish feminist comics published in the Swedish radical journals Kvinnobulletinen and Vi Mänskor, as well as in the Fnitter anthologies. These comics, representing radical feminism, played an important role as forums for debate in a time when feminist comics were considered avant-garde. The most prominent themes were, first, the body, love and sexualities and, second, the labour market and legal rights. The most frequent visual style was a black contour line style on a white background, recalling the comics of Claire Bretécher, Aline Kominsky-Crumb and Franziska Becker. Humour and satire, including irony, were used as strategies to challenge the patriarchy and to contest the prevailing idea that women have no sense of humour.
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Manning, Kimberley Ens. "Embodied Activisms: The Case of the Mu Guiying Brigade." China Quarterly 204 (December 2010): 850–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741010000998.
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AbstractIn this article I re-think the complex legacies of the Maoist era and their relationship to the contemporary decline in rural women's leadership. By focusing on some of the gendered dimensions of rural development policy, it becomes evident that many “traditional” beliefs about the leadership abilities of rural women were given new life during the Maoist era. Prior to the Cultural Revolution rural women had two dominant paths of “liberation” or jiefang available to them: one that involved a liberation through the female body and household, the path of dangjia, and one that involved a liberation from the constraints of the female body and household, the path of fanshen. In this article I show how the simultaneous implementation of these two paths of liberation on a unique women-led Mu Guiying Brigade during the Great Leap Forward reproduced the problem of the political unacceptability of rural women.
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Cichy, Joanna, and Ellen Puré. "The liberation of CD44." Journal of Cell Biology 161, no. 5 (June 9, 2003): 839–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200302098.
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CD44 was once thought to simply be a transmembrane adhesion molecule that also played a role in the metabolism of its principal ligand hyaluronan. Investigations of CD44 over the past ∼20 yr have established additional functions for CD44, including its capacity to mediate inflammatory cell function and tumor growth and metastasis. It has also become evident that intricate posttranslational modifications of CD44 regulate the affinity of the receptor for its ligands. In this review, we focus on emerging evidence that functional fragments of the cytoplasmic and ectodomain of CD44 can be liberated by enzymatic modification of cell surfaces as well as of cell-associated matrix. Based on the evidence discussed, we propose that CD44 exists in three phases, as a transmembrane receptor, as an integral component of the matrix, and as a soluble protein found in body fluids, each with biologically significant functions of which some are shared and some distinct. Thus, CD44 represents a model for understanding posttranslational processing and its emerging role as a general mechanism for regulating cell behavior.
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Aks, Steven E., Todd L. Vander Hoek, Daniel O. Hryhorczuk, Adam Negrusz, and Ian Tebbett. "Cocaine liberation from body packets in an in vitro model." Annals of Emergency Medicine 21, no. 11 (November 1992): 1321–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0196-0644(05)81895-5.
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Seungki Cha. "Machine, Labor, Body －Labor Novel and the Conversion of Body before and after the Liberation－." 사이間SAI ll, no. 25 (November 2018): 117–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.30760/inakos.2018..25.004.
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Labahn, Sarah. "Seeing Flesh: Naked Body Protests and Gender Performance in Post-Soviet Ukraine." Political Science Undergraduate Review 1, no. 2 (February 15, 2016): 63–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/psur20.
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Butler’s theory of gender performativity, I attempt to draw connections between how the body interacts in Ukraine’s public and private sphere since the emergence of Femen in 2008. My research explores the ways in which deviant gender performances – such as the use of sextremism and hypersexualized acts in a hyper-masculine domain - have the ability to alter past meanings associated with the body. In such, the body becomes empowered through its own redefinition. Despite conflicting opinions about the effectiveness of this form of protest, this paper argues that Femen has successfully challenged conventional norms of femininity in the public sphere through its naked body protests by redefining the body as a political tool and as a site of liberation – thereby creating a space for politically active women in the traditionally masculine sphere of politics. The implications of this research provide insight into similar radical feminist movements that engage the body in overtly sexual and public ways. By understanding the body through Butler’s theory of gender performance, these feminist movements can be critically understood as resistant, empowering, and liberating.
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Turner, Bryan S. "Body." Theory, Culture & Society 23, no. 2-3 (May 2006): 223–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0263276406062576.
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Contemporary academic interest in the human body is a response to fundamental changes in the relationship between body, economy, technology and society. Scientific advances, particularly new reproductive technologies and therapeutic cloning techniques, have given the human body a problematic status. Ageing, disease and death no longer appear to be immutable facts about the human condition. The emergence of the body as a topic of research in the humanities and social sciences is also a response to the women's and gay liberation movements, and environmentalism, animal rights, anti-globalism, religious fundamentalism and conservative politics. Further, the human body is now central to economic growth in various biotechnology industries, in which disease itself has become a productive factor in the global economy and the body a code or system of information from which profits can be extracted through patents. In modern social theory, the body has been studied in the contexts of advertising and consumerism, in ethical debates about cloning, in research on HIV/AIDS, in postmodern reflections on cybernetics, cyberbodies and cyberpunk, and in the analysis of the global trade in human organs. The body is a central feature of contemporary politics, because its ambiguities, vulnerability and plasticity have been amplified by new genetic technologies.
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Rowe, James K. "Micropolitics and Collective Liberation: Mind/Body Practice and Left Social Movements." New Political Science 38, no. 2 (March 22, 2016): 206–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07393148.2016.1153191.
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Ouafae, Bouzekri. "El control del cuerpo y la sexualidad: ¿un signo de sumisión o liberación?." Cuestiones Pedagógicas, no. 28 (2019): 11–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/cp.2019.i28.01.
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Hjalmarsson, Clarissa Charlotte. "Healthcare of the Eritrean People’s Liberation Front and its Politicization, 1970–1991: Treating the Body Politic." African Studies Review 63, no. 1 (August 6, 2019): 146–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/asr.2019.6.
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Abstract:This article explores the health service provided by the Eritrean People’s Liberation Front (EPLF) during the Eritrean Liberation War, and its political dimensions and implications. The EPLF used healthcare to define itself politically against its rivals and to penetrate communities. It aimed to incorporate population groups into the struggle, to inculcate EPLF ideology, and to transform the national community. EPLF practitioners were most successful when they cooperated with existing structures of power. The progressive, dynamic, and transformative nature of the healthcare system is inextricable from the coercion sometimes used to achieve the ideals of the EPLF, and the way in which healthcare became an instrument of biopolitical control.
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Henneberg, Sylvia. "Fat Liberation in the First World: Lucille Clifton and the New Body." Women's Studies 47, no. 1 (January 2, 2018): 60–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00497878.2017.1406354.
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Rehman, Laurene, and Wendy Frisby. "Is Self-Employment Liberating or Marginalizing? The Case of Women Consultants in the Fitness and Sport Industry." Journal of Sport Management 14, no. 1 (January 2000): 41–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsm.14.1.41.
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Women are responsible for large growth rates in self-employment in many industrialized countries, yet little is known about how they interpret or experience the work they do. In the literature, two competing images of self-employment for women have emerged. With the liberation perspective, self-employment is associated with self-fulfillment, autonomy and control, substantial financial rewards, and increased flexibility in balancing work and family demands. In contrast, the marginality perspective portrays self-employment as a low paying, unstable form of home-based work that combines incompatible work and domestic roles while marginalizing women's work in the economy. The purpose of this study was to examine the work experiences of women consultants in the fitness and sport industry based on the liberation and marginality perspectives of self-employment. Observations of home-based work sites, interviews, and validation focus groups were conducted with 13 women who were currently working or had previously worked as fitness and sport consultants. The results revealed that social context, stages of business development, the personal situations of the women, gender relations and body image issues, and the nature of the work itself influenced whether the women described their experiences as liberating or marginalizing.
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Johnson, Amber. "Doing It." Departures in Critical Qualitative Research 3, no. 4 (2014): 366–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/dcqr.2014.3.4.366.
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My sexual liberation did not occur until well into my twenties, post bachelor’s and master’s degrees. Between the temporal space of my first sexual experience and liberation is a moment of spiritual identity negotiation within an intraracial relationship with vast intercultural differences, specifically class and religion. In this autopoetic narrative that begins and ends in a church, I tell a story from my sexual past that troubles what it means to engage in religion as a whole body and negotiate the tensions of sin, class, and race.
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Toropova, Anastasiya Aleksandrovna. "European project of designing new corporeality: mutant body, body without organs, agender body." Философия и культура, no. 1 (January 2020): 54–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0757.2020.1.31430.
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The object of this research is the introduced into postmodernist discourse concept of body without organs. This article advances a hypothesis regarding the causes of occurrence of the aforementioned concept replacing the Cartesian teaching on parallelism of body and soul. Cultural practices of postmodernism fight against thinking of binary oppositions, which led to repression of the corporeal beginning. On the examples from the field of art and fashion, it is demonstrated that the theoretical model of body without organs finds its practical implementation. In this research the author applies analytical, hermeneutic and comparative methods with regards to the outlined ideas from the area of philosophy and art. The scientific novelty consists in interpretation of art phenomena through the concept of body without organs. The concept of the Theatre of Cruelty developed by Antonin Artaud inspired the philosophers and art community to pursue the experience of a “living body”. Cunningham carried over the principle of coincidence from music to dance, undermining the traditional perception of body as a hierarchical system with organs subordinate to the center. In a commercial sphere, Gucci Luxury Fashion House created a visual reflection of the idea of agender. Abreaction practices in performance art are aimed at liberation of body from imagery. Postmodernists are sure that freedom from dyadic thinking, idea of the center and periphery, principles of hierarchy and teleologicity that are so common to any mind, would lead to regeneration of corporeality and human as such, realizing the true value of the European culture – value of freedom.
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Gupta, Meenu. "Reflections of Indian Philosophy in Deleuze's ‘Body without Organs’." Deleuze and Guattari Studies 12, no. 1 (February 2018): 13–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/dlgs.2018.0293.
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As the title suggests, this paper looks at the Deleuzian concept of body without organs and compares it with Indian Philosophy. In the Indian context, the concept of moksha/nirvana comes near to it as both are practices that aim at liberation; here, ‘liberation’ is never the awaited end of the process but the process itself. The traditional western substantialism rests on things whereas Deleuze, like Indian Philosophy, celebrates ‘experience’ and the ‘incorporeal’. Thus, body without organs plays a role in individuation. It hints at a journey beyond ‘the self’ which is full of ecstasy or the ananda of the Indian thought system. The question of Being, which not only is conceptual identification, is presented in terms of the virtual and the actual. For Deleuze and Guattari, every actual body has a virtual dimension, a vast reservoir of potentials, and this is the body without organs. The actual emerges from it and carries it with it. Further, the plane of immanence is a field in which concepts are produced. It is neither external to the Self nor forms an external self or a non-self. It is ‘an absolute outside’, very much like Brahman. The pragmatics of Deleuzian theory is that it explains life to be ‘immanence of immanence, absolute immanence’ – an utter beatitude – which has a Vedantic counterpart where the essential Brahman is a combination of three attributes – sat (being), chit (mind) and ananda (bliss). Thus, this paper aims at the interesting comparison between Deleuzian theory and Indian Philosophy.
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Rupiya, Martin. "Understanding the Marginal Role of the Election Management Body (EMB) in Algeria’s 2014 General Election." Politeia 33, no. 3 (October 6, 2017): 68–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/0256-8845/3275.
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The ideological struggle between the West and former liberation movements on the veracity of the post-cold war multiparty democracy is still alive. In Algeria, the ruling Front for the Liberation of Algeria (FLN) continues to view with suspicion this notion, convinced it’s a neo-colonial ploy to remove them from power. It is against this intensely contested background that Electoral Management Bodies (EMB) have emerged and trying to find a role. In the Algerian April 2014 Election, the ruling party was confronted by the surging popularity of the Islamic Salvation Front (F.I.S). In that election, the EMB played a marginal, if not overtly partisan role, in spite of the 2012 recommendations by the European Union to undertake reforms. In this case study, it is clear that establishing and consolidating EMBs on the African continent as part of democratisation is still very much work in progress.
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Berger, Anne Emmanuelle. "The Queer Body of MLF Literature." Paragraph 41, no. 3 (November 2018): 268–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/para.2018.0271.
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The emphasis on sexuality from a queer perspective has led to what is deemed to be a radical rethinking, and what is oftentimes also a reinventing, of sexuality's medium or element, namely the body. Looking back at literary writings produced in the 1970s by some of the women engaged in the French Women's Liberation Movement, and more specifically at the ways in which the body and bodies were at once celebrated, figured and dismantled in a number of these texts, I argue that a proto-queer de-normativization and reconceptualization of the body with respect to ‘sex’ and sexual duality was already at work. A serious look back at the writings of that period makes the hypothesis of an epistemological break between second-wave feminism and queer thinking and activism, or of the conceptual supersession of the former by the latter, more difficult to argue in this respect.
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Khella, Férial. "La représentation du corps féminin : ostracisme, stéréotypes et concupiscence dans David’s Story de Zoë Wicomb." Études littéraires africaines, no. 38 (February 16, 2015): 31–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1028672ar.
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This article explores Zoë Wicomb’s complex representation of the Black female body in her first novel David’s Story, which deals mainly with the condition of the female guerrilla fighter during and after the struggle for liberation. These women warriors have served the nation and have contribu-ted to its liberation through their bodies, but have also been silenced and ignored in the post-apartheid era. In addition, they have been subjected to multiple forms of physical and sexual violence by their own comrades within the Anti-apartheid Movement. The Black female body, as it appears in the novel, is a site of power, oppression, violence, and even complicity. The pre-sent work tasks itself, firstly, with analyzing not only how the author deconstructs the stereotypical images of the strong female guerrilla but also those concerning Coloured women’s bodies which have been marked by racial and sexual differences, focusing here especially on the question of concupiscence. Then, I will concentrate on the way the female body is represented and inscribed in language. Finally, I will analyze Zoë Wicomb’s narrative techniques by considering the impossibility of representing the body in the absence of discourse.
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Nelson. "Historicizing Body Knowledge: Women's Liberation, Self-Help, and Menstrual Representation in the 1970s." Frontiers: A Journal of Women Studies 40, no. 1 (2019): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5250/fronjwomestud.40.1.0039.
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Mehmood, Rashid, Muhammad Arif Bhatti, Kashif Butt, Kamarn Raza Kazmi, and Adnan Akram. "Mineralogical, textural and liberation studies of tungsten ore deposits of Chitral, Khyber Pakhtoon Khwa Province, Pakistan." Journal of Nepal Geological Society 47, no. 1 (June 30, 2014): 95–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jngs.v47i1.23125.
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An investigation was undertaken on tungsten ore deposits of Chitral area, Khyber Pakhtoon Khawa Province, Pakistan for its evaluation and subsequently selection of a suitable process for its beneficiation. The ore deposit was evaluated by microscopy, petrography, X-ray diffractometry and chemical analysis. The principal mineral constituents present in the ore were identified. The textural characteristics such as crystal size, shape and mutual arrangement of the component minerals in the ore body were investigated. The degree of liberation of valuable mineral was studied by grain mounts. Mineralogy, texture and liberation studies reveal that this ore is amenable to beneficiation by froth flotation technique.
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Abduljabar Ansari, Abdullah. "Stability of the equilibrium points in the circular restricted four body problem with oblate primary and variable mass." International Journal of Advanced Astronomy 4, no. 1 (March 8, 2016): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijaa.v4i1.5831.
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<p>This paper investigates the liberation points and stability of the restricted four body problem with one of the primaries as oblate body and the infinitesimal body is taken as variable mass. Due to oblateness, the equilateral triangular configuration is no longer exists and becomes an isosceles triangular configuration. Moreover, we have found seven equilibrium points out of which three are asymptotically stable (dark black in the tables) and rest four are unstable.</p>
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Gorrara, Claire. "Fashion and the femmes tondues: Lee Miller, Vogue and representing Liberation France." French Cultural Studies 29, no. 4 (October 28, 2018): 330–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957155818791889.
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This article will examine representations of the Liberation of France in the war reports of Lee Miller, an accredited photographer and correspondent for American and British Vogue during the Second World War. Miller’s frontline reports framed Liberation France in idealised images of feminine beauty and elegance, making use of fashion as a primary conduit for understanding the war and occupation for readers on the home front. As this article will argue, examining Miller’s choices and perspective as a female photographer sheds new light on the intersection of fashion, war photography and the female body. In Miller’s work, fashion becomes a site for imagining liberation in ways that foreground the gendering of war experience and the legacies of conflict for women. By charting Miller’s representations of French women at the Liberation, and above all the chastised figure of the femme tondue, this article will analyse how French women function as carriers of multiple messages about war, liberation and reconstruction in Miller’s work. Unlike the sensationalist images of the femmes tondues published in the British picture press and newspapers in the summer of 1944, Miller’s war reports in Vogue construct an empathic relationship with such underprivileged female subjects. Miller’s work opens a space, therefore, for speculation on the role of fashion in shaping how the Second World War was understood by a first generation of female memory producers and consumers.
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Deschamps, Jean, Jordan Webber, Robin Featherstone, Meghan Sebastianski, Ben Vandermeer, Janek Senaratne, and Sean M. Bagshaw. "Brain natriuretic peptide to predict successful liberation from mechanical ventilation in critically ill patients: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis." BMJ Open 9, no. 2 (February 2019): e022600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022600.
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IntroductionPredicting successful liberation from mechanical ventilation (MV) among critically ill patients receiving MV can be challenging. The current parameters used to predict successful extubation have shown variable predictive value. Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) has been proposed as a novel biomarker to help guide decision-making in readiness for liberation of MV following a spontaneous breathing trial (SBT). Current evidence on the predictive ability of BNP has been uncertain, and BNP has not been integrated into clinical practice guidelines.Methods and analysisWe will perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the value of BNP during SBT to predict success of liberation from MV. A search strategy will be developed in collaboration with a research librarian, and electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science) and additional sources will be searched. Search themes will include: (1) BNP and (2) weaning, extubation and/or liberation from MV. Citation screening, selection, quality assessment and data abstraction will be performed in duplicate. The primary outcome will be liberation from MV; secondary outcomes will include time to reintubation, mortality, MV duration, total and postextubation intensive care unit (ICU) stay, hospitalisation duration, tracheostomy rate, ICU-acquired weakness rate and ventilator-free days. Primary statistical analysis will include predictive value of BNP by receiver operating characteristic curve, sensitivity/specificity and likelihood ratios for combination of BNP and SBT parameters for failure of liberation from MV. Secondary statistical analysis will be performed on individual and combinations of extracted metrics.Ethics and disseminationOur review will add knowledge by mapping the current body of evidence on the value of BNP testing for prediction of successful liberation from MV, and describe knowledge gaps and research priorities. Our findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publication, presentation at a scientific congress, through regional/national organisations and social media. Research ethics approval is not required.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018087474.
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Rao, Y. V. Subba. "HUMAN BEINGS’ BIRTH, DEATH AND BEYOND." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 8, no. 9 (October 12, 2020): 404–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v8.i9.2020.1411.
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Everything in the physical creation, including the human body, is composed of the five great natural elements called ‘Panchabhutas’. These elements have originated in a particular order of ‘akāsh’ (ether) to the last element ‘prithivi’ (earth) and the birth as a human being, which is exceedingly rare, is thus born on earth with its matching fundamental frequency of the earth. As the existing literature is quite unclear regarding the human birth, death and beyond, it is attempted to show a plausible way connecting the dots of the process of birth, death, rebirth and liberation based on vibrations of frequency of mind, word, and deed. The final moments of death, step by step, where these pancha- bhutas are dissolved, in the reverse order of their formation, following the chakra system (wheels of energy) of Kundalini in a human being, similar to DNA, withdrawing the soul from the base (mulādhāra) upwards. Subtle bodies (sookshma sarira) and soul have infinite possibilities for their onward journey at the moment of death go to the dimension that corresponds to how one lived one’s life on Earth. The subtle body finds its dimension and level of frequency according to merits of purity of the subtle body derived by one’s life’s activities rise to higher lokas for enjoying the fruits of good actions or attain liberation or to be reborn. An enlightened soul attains liberation from bondage as in the case of Swāmi Vivekānanda, and also has the freedom to be born again or not.
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Leledaki, Aspasia, and David Brown. "‘Physicalisation’: A Pedagogy of Body-Mind Cultivation for Liberation in Modern Yoga and Meditation Methods." Asian Medicine 4, no. 2 (2008): 303–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157342009x12526658783538.
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AbstractThis paper explores the transformation of a dualistic mind-body relationship as reported by participants in a recent qualitative study involving modern yoga and meditation practitioners. The stories of the practitioners focused strongly on transforming a body-self that was configured as a result of living a life in Western cultural contexts where philosophies of mind-body dualisms were taken to underpin daily practices. The practitioners described a well-trodden somatic pedagogical pathway towards liberation from domination that they called ‘physicalisation’. The paper illustrates physicalisation as cultivation of body-mind unity and de-identification before exploring the three dimensions of the practitioners' embodied spatiotemporal transformations that we have termed: empowerment, mustery and negating domination.
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Bonde, Hans. "Gymnastics between Protestantism and Libertinism from 1880 to 1940: A Comparative Analysis of Two Internationally Renowned Danish Gymnastics Educators." Nordic Journal of Educational History 4, no. 2 (December 12, 2017): 85–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.36368/njedh.v4i2.97.
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The purpose of this article is to analyze and compare two internationally renowned Danish Gymnastics teachers, Jørgen Peter Muller and Niels Bukh. Whereas Muller’s home gymnastics had a cosmopolitan agenda that appealed to everyone regardless of ethnic origin, including many Jews, Bukh’s gymnastics increasingly became embedded in a right-wing nationalist frame of reference. Muller created an individual system of home gymnastics with a focus on health by means of exercises and the cleansing of the body that included a cold shower. In contrast, Bukh’s system was a collective form of gymnastics that emphasised the beauty of the young body. Common to both of them, however, was propagation of sexual liberation, which in Muller’s case focused on the naked heterosexual body’s manifestations in the sunlight and the fresh air. By contrast, Bukh was homosexual and through his aesthetic gaze he encouraged well-trained and sweaty young men to show their muscular upper body in touch-tight choreographies wearing only boxer shorts. It is the main thesis of the article that the contribution of sport to sexual liberation from late Victorianism’s firm grip is far greater than hitherto assumed.
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Belonogov, Ivan N. "5 Etudes on Body Without Organs." Galactica Media: Journal of Media Studies 2, no. 1 (March 31, 2020): 71–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.46539/gmd.v2i1.96.
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The concept of “Body without Organs (BwO)” proposed by Gilles Deleuze (and Félix Guattari) is quite often overlooked both in the “post-Deleuzian” literature and in various systems/media theories. This paper aims to show the changes that might occur when introducing this concept in different discourses. Specifically, in terms of the systems theory, BwO resolves the paradox of “a certain system in the state of uncertainty” as well as opens the way to the neorationality; in the philosophy of life, it makes the zone of indistinguishability between life and death clearly visible; against the background of the identity politics, it becomes the guiding idea of liberation; while in the context of the media theory, it unfolds the mode of existence of the worlds of fantasy. The outcomes of this study may be useful not only for philosophers addressing the issues of systems, organizations, technics, media etc., or for political activists, but also for anyone interested in the philosophical heritage of Gilles Deleuze as well as in the development of his philosophical ideas.
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Vigarello, Georges. "The Life of the Body in Discipline and Punish." Sociology of Sport Journal 12, no. 2 (June 1995): 158–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ssj.12.2.158.
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The concept of discipline traditionally suggests the image of a sterilization of life. Processes of domination, they prohibit, they forbid, they are supposed to block initiatives and forces, and they shape the body into passivity. A conception of physical exercise can emerge from these ideas, one regarding the docility of the body. But the process of rendering the body docile is not possible without a liberation of forces, without a solicitation of initiatives. It is then possible to look at physical exercise as a paradox, that is, a process of subjugation through autonomization. It is possible to read Foucault in a way that emphasizes what the author has suggested in Discipline and Punish, that is, a “’positive economy.” It is this feature of Foucault’s theory that is developed in this article.
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Rizk, Philip. "Fatah: Mythific Ation of A Non-state: Critique of the Idea of State." Human Geography 4, no. 1 (March 2011): 57–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/194277861100400105.
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Founded in 1964, the PLO created a space for Palestinians on the world map of liberation struggles. This initially liminal project went through a period of institutionalization during which its vision became one of nation-statist liberation. The PLO thus engaged in a project with a prescribed outcome, entailing a Euro-centric-inspired vocabulary, employing required terminological elements of territoriality and private property, and instituting norms regarding the utility of violence. I argue that this, in turn, placed the Palestinians in a position of submission and weakness. My thesis is that the resulting trajectory of resistance prevented the PLO from carrying out its battle outside the rubric provided by the very hegemonic powers it initially sought to oppose. To these ends, I use the discursive spatial entity of the Gaza Strip as a case study through which to critique the idea of the nation-state. I assess the re-fashioning of the constructed geographic entity's political and social landscape under the governance of the Fatah -dominated Palestinian Authority. My argument is that the transformation of Fatah, from liberation struggle to governing body ostensibly deemed “legitimate,” has prevented the movement from thinking and acting in the framework of liberation. Instead, it led to the submission of the Palestinians to globally-sanctioned paradigms of nation-statism, which deeply undermine their struggle.
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GROVER-FRIEDLANDER, MICHAL. "Voice and the Sleepwalking Body." Theatre Research International 46, no. 2 (July 2021): 128–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307883321000067.
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This article explores the relation between body and voice in the performance of a contemporary opera, Ficarra and Whittington's The Empress's Feet, based on a Chinese tale relating the origin of the practice of foot binding. The tale relates the ancient practice to cure a queen from bouts of sleepwalking that afflicted her. I initially explore the opera's complex formal structure, its central themes and the way it transforms the original tale. I will then develop some of the significant aspects, imaginary as well as factual, of both the practice of foot binding and the phenomenon of sleepwalking. I suggest that the opera not only relates itself thematically to the tale and through it to the practice of foot binding, but also suggests a further parallel between foot binding and a form of bodily mutilation that is associated with the development of the medium of opera in the West, namely the phenomenon of the castrato. The threefold consideration of foot binding, sleepwalking and the voice of the castrato will serve to reveal a moment of liberation, at the heart of the opera – call it the agency or voice given to the feet ‘unbound’. I will conclude with an account of a production of The Empress's Feet which I directed in 2014, based on the interpretation suggested in this article.
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Wroe, Ann. "Good self, bad self: The Struggle in Shelley." Articles, no. 51 (October 31, 2008): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/019259ar.
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Abstract Although he sometimes decried the notion of a duality of body and soul, few poets were more conscious than Percy Bysshe Shelley of the soul’s imprisonment in the illusory material world. In considering Shelley’s notion of the self, this essay will track his constant search to discover and unlock his own inner powers of empathy, imagination and liberation.
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Hebblethwaite, Peter. "Liberation Theology: the Option for the Poor." Studies in Church History 24 (1987): 407–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424208400008482.
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One fairly obvious difference between this paper and those you have heard so far is that liberation theology, whatever it means, is still being discussed, attacked, caricatured, and defended with great vehemence and passion. The theme does not possess the completeness and neatness that historians prefer. It sprawls and proliferates. The bibliography is immense. We have already reached the stage of the overarching survey. D. W. Ferm has provided a 150-page summary with a helpful ‘reader’ for the use of college students. Ferm’s survey includes African and Asian theologians as well as Latin Americans. I can understand his desire to include Archbishop-elect Desmond Tutu in South Africa and to provide some hints as to why President Marcos could be deposed in the Philippines. And there is indeed a body called the Ecumenical Association of Third World Theologians—its unfortunate acronym is EATWOT—which gives some substance to this universalizing claim. But I am going to confine myself to Latin America because it was there that the ‘option for the poor’ was first spoken about. The date was 1968. CELAM, the regional association of Latin American Bishops, met at Medellin in Colombia in August. Pope Paul VI was present, and was the first Pope to kiss the soil of Latin America. There was a feeling abroad that at the Second Vatican Council, which had ended three years before, an essentially European agenda concerned typically with ecumenism and Church structures (collegiality) had prevailed; the Council had yet to be ‘applied’ to the Latin American situation. One phrase, however, provided a stimulus and a starting-point. Gaudium etSpes, the pastoral constitution on the Church in the World of Today, begins with the ringing assertion that ‘the joys and the hopes, the griefs and the anxieties of the people of this time, especially those who are poor or in any way afflicted, these too are the joys and hopes, the griefs and anxieties, of the followers of Christ’.
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Noonan, Jeff. "Capitalism, Colonialism, and the War on Human Life." Historical Materialism 27, no. 1 (March 29, 2019): 253–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1569206x-00001518.
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Abstract Dussel’s complex work calls into question the standard history of philosophy, reveals a counter-history at work beneath the official history that gives voice to the victims of capitalism and colonialism, and systematically develops a novel ‘material ethics’ grounded in an unqualified, universal affirmation of life as the foundation of liberatory values. The Ethics of Liberation brings together the major problems explored in Dussel’s prolific body of earlier work: the relationship between Western philosophy and the expansion of European society; the relationship between centre and periphery in global political economy, considered as both a philosophical and an ethical problem; the ethical interpretation of Marxism; the politics of liberation in the colonial context; the defence of universal foundations of ethical norms; and the (all-important) distinction between formal and critical ethics.
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De Clerck, Violaine. "Dal corpo gogna al corpo campione Saggio sul contributo dell'analisi bioenergetica alle questioni amorose in generale e alle specifiche problematiche di oggi." GROUNDING, no. 1 (November 2009): 15–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/gro2009-001003.
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- The author examines the actual tendency of the body "sample" or "model" as a variation of the "sexual sophistication" as it has been described by Alexander Lowen in Love and Orgasm. The modern "sexual liberation" hides only the persisting problems of the Oedipus complex in our culture, the same problems as already analyzed by Sigmund Freud. The author describes the contribution of Wilhelm Reich and Alexander Lowen to these main themes, mainly their deepening of the sexual problems from a body perspective. Finally, she criticizes the widespread "false intimacy" of parents with their children.
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Chesterman, Simon. "Occupation as Liberation: International Humanitarian Law and Regime Change." Ethics & International Affairs 18, no. 3 (December 2004): 51–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-7093.2004.tb00476.x.
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The U.S. invasion of Iraq in 2003 has been the subject of much discussion for its impact on the use of force outside of UN Security Council authorization. Less commented upon is the fact that the so-called “Operation Iraqi Freedom” resurrected a body of international law that had been dormant through the second half of the twentieth century: the law of military occupation. Developed at a time when war itself was not illegal, this doctrine became something of an embarrassment after the UN Charter established a broad prohibition on the use of force. Nevertheless, through the 1990s the United Nations itself had become involved in operations in Kosovo that looked distinctly like military occupation. Even the most liberal reading of the instruments governing occupation law, however, finds it hard to reconcile this law with military intervention and post-conflict occupation premised on regime change. This article first surveys the law of military occupation before briefly examining the role of the UN Security Council in post-conflict administration. It then turns to the ambiguous responsibilities accorded to the United States and Britain as occupying powers in Iraq in 2003–2004.
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Halberstam, Malvina. "Terrorism on the High Seas: The Achille Lauro, Piracy and the IMO Convention on Maritime Safety." American Journal of International Law 82, no. 2 (April 1988): 269–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2203189.
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On October 7, 1985, the Achille Lauro, an Italian-flag cruise ship, was seized while sailing from Alexandria to Port Said. The hijackers, members of the Palestine Liberation Front (PLF), a faction of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO), had boarded the ship in Genoa, posing as tourists. They held the ship’s crew and passengers hostage, and threatened to kill the passengers unless Israel released 50 Palestinian prisoners. They also threatened to blow up the ship if a rescue mission was attempted. When their demands had not been met by the following afternoon, the hijackers shot Leon Klinghoffer, a Jew of U.S. nationality who was partly paralyzed and in a wheelchair, and threw his body and wheelchair overboard. The United States characterized the seizure as piracy, a position that has been supported by some commentators and opposed by others.
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Zhang, Xuefei, and Xiaoming Yang. "How Social Transformation Is Affecting Female Clothing Change in the Late Qing Dynasty and the Early Republic of China." Asian Social Science 16, no. 10 (September 24, 2020): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v16n10p53.
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During the late Qing dynasty and the early Republic of China, women's clothing had a revolutionary change. Under the unprecedented social transformation in a millennium, Social Darwinism called for “mother of the citizens”, arousing public concern to release women's bodies. Anti-foot-binding movement awakened women's self-awareness and planted a hint of women's emancipation. While Feminism turned the value to the “parity of citizens,” women disguised their female character and dressed as men. Early Qipao was widespread during women’s liberation movement. The New Culture Movement facilitated ideology of Human Liberation. Women gradually possessed independence of personality and changed their corsets. They tended to confront and express body curves instead of cover and weakening.
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Kapusta, John. "Pauline Oliveros, Somatics, and the New Musicology." Journal of Musicology 38, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jm.2021.38.1.1.
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This article examines the connections between experimental composer Pauline Oliveros, the US somatics movement, and the new musicology. While scholars tend to position Oliveros’s work within the familiar framework of women’s liberation and queer activism, we should instead understand Oliveros as a somatic feminist for whom somatic practice was synonymous with women’s liberation. Oliveros helped instigate an influential movement to integrate somatic discourse and practice into US musical culture—including music scholarship. Scholars of the so-called new musicology concerned with issues of embodiment also applied somatic concepts in their work. Oliveros and the new musicology share a history rooted in US popular culture of the 1970s. Across this period and beyond, US composers, performers, and scholars alike worked within and alongside the somatics movement to legitimize the performing body as a source of musical knowledge.
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Krushinovskaya, Ekaterina Georgievna. "Body, technology and death in posthuman perspective." Культура и искусство, no. 4 (April 2020): 44–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0625.2020.4.32692.
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The object of this research is the relevant representations of death, which in many ways are defined by the ideas and practices of embodiment of posthumanism. Special attention is given to correlation between natural and artificial in a human. The article analyzes the corporeal context of death and technical context of body, the interaction of which leads to creation of the project of technogenic immortality. In the present situation, body as a preset biological structure is determined as mortal. Immortality, in this case, is understood as the achievement of post-corporeal state. The work is based on the philosophical-anthropological concepts of innate “biological insufficiency” and “eccentric positionality” of a human that also form his ability to transcending the determinate being. Culture is viewed as the functional expansion of human body. The conclusion is made that the idea of modetnity consists in liberation of human from any external determination, in other words, in autopoiesis. Due to this fact, humanity attempts to transcend the power over own body into the limits of its basic properties – to get rid of death. Posthuman future is achieved through subsequent destruction of “naturalness” of the body.
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Starobinski, Jean. "A short history of bodily sensation." Psychological Medicine 20, no. 1 (February 1990): 23–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291700013209.
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In one of his Cahiers, Paul Valéry has the note. Somatism (heresy of the end of time),Adoration, cult of the machine for living.† Have we come to the end of time? The heresy anticipated by Valéry has almost become the official religion. Everything is related to the body, as if it had just been rediscovered after being long forgotten; body image, body language, body consciousness, liberation of the body are the passwords. Historians, prey to the same infection, have begun inquiring into what previous cultures have done with the body, in way of tattooing, mutilation, celebration all the rituals related to the various bodily functions.2 Past writers from Rabelais to Flaubert are ransacked for evidence, and immediately it becomes apparent that we are far from being the first discoverers of bodily reality. That reality was the first knowledge to enter human understanding: ‘They knew that they were naked’ (Genesis 3.7). From then on, it has impossible to ignore the body.
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Taylor, Angela, Lori Guevara, Lorenzo M. Boyd, and Robert A. Brown. "Race, Geography, and Juvenile Justice: An Exploration of the Liberation Hypothesis." Race and Justice 2, no. 2 (April 2012): 114–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2153368712443563.
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A large body of research indicates that both geography and race influence juvenile justice outcomes, with the exact magnitude and direction of the relationships still under dispute. In either case, differential outcomes likely stem from the varying influence of legal and extralegal factors. This study uses the spirit of the liberation hypothesis to explore how legal and extralegal factors contribute to geographic and racial disparities in juvenile court outcomes. Logistic and multinomial logistic regression are used to examine factors that influence preadjudication and disposition outcomes between an urban and suburban county, with the data partitioned by race within each county. Contrary to predictions, the analyses found more varying effects of legal and extralegal factors across race in the urban county than in the suburban county. Explanations of these findings and suggestions for future research are discussed.
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Pretorius, Antoinette. "Beyond the Allegory: The Grotesque Body and the Limits of Liberation in Marlene Van Niekerk’s Agaat." English Studies in Africa 59, no. 2 (July 2, 2016): 64–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00138398.2016.1239419.
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Upadhyay, N. R., and Pratibha Goswami. "PANCH DEV UPĀSANĀ (WORSHIP OF FIVE DEITIES)." GAP BODHI TARU - A GLOBAL JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES 3, no. 4 (September 28, 2020): 160–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.47968/gapbodhi.340032.
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A person can achieve all the goals of one’s worldly life as well one’s spiritual life only when he is in good health. Scriptures also say that “sharira khalu mādhay dharma sādhanam” means the body is the real instrument for the spiritual path, so if it is not healthy we cannot enjoy either the material life, or the spiritual path. To be healthy we should maintain balance of the Panch Mahābhuta (five elements) in our body and universe. Panch Dev Upāsanā is a means to help us maintain the balance of these Panch Mahābhut in our body and in the universe. We can also achieve our final goal of liberation through the Upāsanā of Panch Dev which is advised and guided by our sages and scriptures.
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Ataria, Yochai, and Shaun Gallagher. "Somatic Apathy." Journal of Phenomenological Psychology 46, no. 1 (June 10, 2015): 105–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15691624-12341286.
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Muselmannwas a term used in German concentration camps to describe prisoners near death due to exhaustion, starvation, and helplessness. This paper suggests that the inhuman conditions in the concentration camps resulted in the development of a defensive sense of disownership toward the entire body. The body, in such cases, is reduced to a pure object. However, in the case of theMuselmannthis body-as-object is felt to belong to the captors, and as such is therefore identified as a tool to inflict suffering and pain on theMuselmannhimself. In this situation, lacking cognitive resources, theMuselmannmay have no other alternative than to treat his body as an enemy, and then to retreat or disinvest from the body. This response is a form of somatic apathy, an indifference that is tied to a loss of the self/non-self distinction. This may, in turn, lead to suicidal inclinations, even after liberation from the camp.
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Sumati, Yadav. "Substantial and Substantive Corporeality in the Body Discourses of Bhakti Poets." Perichoresis 18, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 73–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/perc-2020-0012.
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AbstractThis paper studies the representation of human corporeal reality in the discourses of selected Bhakti poets of the late medieval period in India. Considering the historical background of the Bhakti movement and contemporary cultural milieu in which these mystic poets lived, their unique appropriation of the ancient concept of body is reviewed as revolutionary. The focus of the study is the Kabir Bijak, Surdas’s Vinay-Patrika, and Tulsidas’s Vinay-Patrika, wherein they look at and beyond the organic corporeality and encounter human body not as a socially, religiously, economically stamped noble body or lowly body; male body or female body, but a human body. This paper explores how, like existential phenomenologists, these poet/singers decode the material reality of human beings and link it to the highest goal of achieving Moksha (liberation from the cycle of birth-death) by making body a vulnerable but essential instrument towards spiritual awakening. The paper also reflects upon how these poets have suggested a middle path of absolute devotion to God while performing all earthly duties, seek spiritual enlightenment and avoid the extremities of asceticism and hedonism.
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Gottstein, Alon Goshen. "The Body as Image of God in Rabbinic Literature." Harvard Theological Review 87, no. 2 (April 1994): 171–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017816000032776.
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The liberation of rabbinic theology from the reins of medieval theology is still underway. One of the central issues that sets rabbinic theology apart from later medieval developments is the attribution of body or form to the godhead. Even though the anthropomorphic tendency of rabbinic thought is widely recognized, it is still early to speak of a learned consensus on this issue. The standard work on the topic remains Arthur Marmorstein'sEssays in Anthropomorphism, written in 1937. Marmorstein recognized the anthropomorphic tendency of rabbinic thinking. His way of dealing, both theologically and scholastically, with the issue was to suggest the existence of two schools in the tannaitic period. According to Marmorstein, the schools of Rabbi Akiva and Rabbi Ishmael were divided on the question of the literality of the understanding of the biblical text. Rabbi Akiva's literal reading gave rise to an anthropomorphic understanding of God. Rabbi Ishmael's nonliteral, or allegorical, reading brought about an opposition to anthropomorphism. This description of rabbinic anthropomorphism has informed the discussions of many scholars, including those who have dealt with our present topic—the image of God. I would, therefore, state my differences with this presentation.
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Bhatta, Damaru Chandra. "Water as a Symbol of “Shāntih” in T. S. Eliot’s The Waste Land: An Upanishadic Reading." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 11, no. 7 (July 1, 2021): 821–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1107.08.
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This paper tries to explore jivātmās' (souls' or individual selves') spiritual journey from bondage to liberation for “Shāntih” (Peace), especially represented by the symbol of water in T. S. Eliot's poem The Waste Land from the viewpoint of the principal Upanishads. The ultimate goal of life is to attain "Shāntih," Brahma, or moksha (liberation). This is symbolized through the search for water in the poem. Thus, the search for water is the search for "Shantih." The poem is influenced by the fundamental concept of the Upanishads that it is impossible to attain moksha without breaking the ignorance or the materialistic thinking that we are body and mind, made especially for sexual pleasures. We need to follow the eternal teachings of the Brihadāranyaka Upanishad—give charity or donation ("Datta"), be kind ("Dayadhvam"), and control yourself ("Dāmyata")—to achieve liberation from different kinds of sufferings as expressed in the poem. Eliot suggests that the knowledge and implementation of these spiritual values could help humanity to be free from the bondage of mundane desires, which are the causes of sufferings. Thus, this paper tries to analyze the poem from the viewpoint of the principal Upanishads to widen the horizon of knowledge for the benefit of humankind and to understand Eliot scholarship by crossing the boundaries of the Western culture.
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KHANDAY, M. A., and AIJAZ NAJAR. "MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR THE TRANSPORT OF OXYGEN IN THE LIVING TISSUE THROUGH CAPILLARY BED." Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology 15, no. 04 (August 2015): 1550055. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219519415500554.
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Oxygen is essential for the survival of living tissues in the human body. The mechanism of oxygen transport in the human body is a subject of great concern. In the conditions like hypoxia and hypothermia, the amount of oxygen supply in the biological tissue loose homeostasis, thereby the concentration of O 2 and the liberation of CO 2 in the human body demands a special attention. The present study based on finite element method employed to the mass diffusion equation with suitable conditions has been established. The main objective of this work is to understand the behavior of O 2 through various compartments of the capillary bed. The concentration of O 2 at plasma and capillary layers has been estimated which in turn leads to understand the situation of oxygen transport during various situations.