Academic literature on the topic 'Boeing 737 MAX'

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Journal articles on the topic "Boeing 737 MAX"

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Palmer, Chris. "The Boeing 737 Max Saga: Automating Failure." Engineering 6, no. 1 (February 2020): 2–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eng.2019.11.002.

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Herkert, Joseph, Jason Borenstein, and Keith Miller. "The Boeing 737 MAX: Lessons for Engineering Ethics." Science and Engineering Ethics 26, no. 6 (July 10, 2020): 2957–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11948-020-00252-y.

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Travica, Bob. "Mediating Realities: A Case of the Boeing 737 MAX." Informing Science: The International Journal of an Emerging Transdiscipline 23 (2020): 025–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/4530.

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Aim/Purpose: The research problem of this study refers to the manner in which old and new mass media represented the significant social development surrounding two crashes of the Boeing 737 MAX airplane. Methodology: The study follows a qualitative case study methodology based on a sample of newspaper articles, TV programming, specialized technical publications, Twitter posts, and Facebook content. Contribution: The study contributes to understanding specifics and differences in representing extraordinary socio-economic events by different types of media. Findings: Key findings are that these media have constructed different realities surrounding the tragic events and exhibited informing distortions to different degrees. Recommendations for Practitioners: Practical implications of this study are relevant for the institutional and individual clients of informing with regard to selecting appropriate media for use. There are also implications for informers with regard to reducing distortions in informing. Recommendation for Researchers: Social media could be a channel for alternative learning rather than manipulation. Mainstream media were confirmed to be a loudspeaker for authorities as postulated in critical media research, and analytical media provided influential, deeper technical analysis. Future Research: As the Boeing case unfolds, it would be interesting to investigate any evolution in mediated realities.
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Khashe, Yalda, and Soraya Levy. "A High Reliability Organization (HRO)-based Retrospective Analysis of Boeing 737 Max Crashes." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 64, no. 1 (December 2020): 851–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181320641197.

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The two crashes of Boeing 737 Max aircrafts within the small span of half a year resulted in tremendous loss of life, money, and public trust in the regulatory systems responsible for ensuring passenger safety within increasingly automated aviation systems. However, these two instances of catastrophic system failure provide experts in the fields of human and organizational factors with the opportunity to transform the aviation industry, propelling it into a period of innovative automation technologies, replete with a groundbreaking reverence for system reliability, safety, and preparedness for failure. By applying the key principles of High Reliability Organization (HRO) to a retrospective analysis of the concurrent Boeing 737 Max crashes, we aim to identify relationships between defining HRO characteristics and preventative measures that Boeing, human workers, and regulatory agencies could have followed before and during the accidents’ occurrences.
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Jong, Wouter, and Paula Broekman. "Crisis history and hindsight: A stakeholder perspective on the case of Boeing 737-Max." Public Relations Inquiry 10, no. 2 (April 21, 2021): 185–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2046147x211001350.

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This study assesses the so-called effect of crisis history, based on two crashes with the new Boeing 737-Max. While Boeing’s responsibility was not clear cut after the first crash, the developments in the second crash led to a reinterpretation of initial responsibility for the first crash. This reinterpretation intensified the threat on Boeing’s reputation, and raised doubts on the appropriateness of the initial response. This case study illustrates the importance for organizations to be wary and to anticipate developments when selecting and creating a crisis response. Otherwise, statements can backfire when new information comes to light as similar events occur.
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Bhattacharya, Subhendu, and Y. Nisha. "A Case Study on Boeing's 737 MAX Crisis on Account of Leadership Failure." International Journal of Research in Engineering, Science and Management 3, no. 9 (September 23, 2020): 116–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.47607/ijresm.2020.302.

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American multinational corporation Boeing is one of the reputed organizations in the field of aerospace manufacturing. Since its inception by William Boeing in Seattle, Washington in July 15th, 1916, it has surpassed several milestones and grown from strength to strength. It started its venture in areas such as designing and crafting airplanes, rotorcraft, rockets, satellites and also stepped into production of telecommunications equipment, missiles and made a mark in every field of operation. It has a revered status in Dow Jones Industrial Average and made a glaring presence in the Fortune Global 500 list. But the global recognition got eclipsed after fatal crashes in October 2018 and March 2019. Boeing 737 Max planes remained grounded across the world for more than a year. The culpability was overlooking of safety features, hiding the new anti-stall system from pilots, circumvention of standard certification rigours by Federal Aviation Administration, in the hustle of launching ill-prepared product into the market to beat arch rival Airbus. Product malfunction also hinted at systematic problems that needed to be addressed. The company thereby faced lawsuits and claims for compensation. The investigations by FBI began and the House and Senate panels too joined in the foray. Losses worth billions of dollars had been incurred along with displacement of trust and support of loyal customers, severe decline in share price and market capital and ignominy for being short-sighted and lackadaisical in its approach. The outbreak of global pandemic led to further delay in their recovery as demand for fuel efficient 737 Max plummeted due to fall in oil price and delay or cancellation by airlines in buying Boeing planes without being penalised.
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Cioroianu, Iulia, Shaen Corbet, and Charles Larkin. "Guilt through association: Reputational contagion and the Boeing 737-MAX disasters." Economics Letters 198 (January 2021): 109657. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2020.109657.

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Aminatuzzahra, Khansa, and Atip Latipulhayat. "RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE STATE AND AIRCRAFT MANUFACTURER ON LION AIR JT610 AND ETHIOPIAN AIRLINES ET302 ACCIDENTS UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW." Padjadjaran Journal of International Law 4, no. 2 (April 12, 2021): 154–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.23920/pjil.v4i2.409.

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Abstract Lion Air JT610 and Ethiopian Airlines ET302 crashes occurred on October 2018 and March 2019 respectively. The main cause of the accident on both flights, which used Boeing 737 MAX 8 aircraft, is the defect on the Maneuvering Characteristics Augmentation System (MCAS), a new anti-stall system of this aircraft model. Boeing 737 MAX 8 is produced by Boeing Company which resides in the United States. However, passengers on both accidents could not claim compensation from Boeing Company because there is no international law that regulates aircraft manufacturer responsibilities. This research tries to analyze whether passengers can request for compensation to the United States and whether national court rulings or judgments can fill the gap in international law regarding aircraftmanufacturer. The research uses the normative juridical approach with analytical descriptive method. The research uses the library research method, focusing mainly on primary, secondary, and tertiary legal resources. This research found that the current international law could not accommodate the interests of plaintiffs to hold the United States accountable. The usage of forum non conveniens principle at the national courts made it difficult for the plaintiffs to obtain the compensation they are entitled to. Subsequently, the national law applied in each case is different which created a distinction on the compensation received by each plaintiff for the loss they suffered. Author comes into the conclusion that there is a need for the establishment of regulations in international law concerning the responsibilities of aircraft manufacturer. Keywords: Aircraft Manufacturer, Forum Non Conveniens, State Responsibility Abstrak Kecelakaan pesawat terbang Lion Air JT610 dan Ethiopian Airlines ET302 terjadi pada bulan Oktober 2018 dan Maret 2019 secara berturut-turut. Penyebab utama kecelakaan kedua penerbangan yang menggunakan pesawat terbang Boeing 737 MAX 8 ialah kerusakan sistem Maneuvering Characteristics Augmentation System (MCAS), sebuah sistem anti-stall terbaru untuk model pesawat terbang ini. Boeing 737 MAX 8 diproduksi oleh Boeing Company yang berkedudukan di Amerika Serikat. Penumpang pada kedua kecelakaan tidak dapat meminta ganti rugi pada Boeing Company karena belum adanya hukum yang dapat mewadahi penggantian rugi serta tanggung jawab manufaktur pesawat terbang dalam hukum internasional. Penelitian ini akan menganalisis apakah penumpang dapat memintakan ganti rugi kepada Amerika Serikat sebagai negara dan apakah putusan pengadilan nasional dapat mengisi kekosongan hukum internasional terkait manufaktur pesawat terbang. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode pendekatan yuridis normatif dengan spesifikasi penulisan deskriptif analitis. Tahap penulisan dalam penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode studi kepustakaan bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa hukum internasional yang ada saat ini pun belum dapat mewadahi kepentingan penumpang sebagai penggugat untuk dapat meminta pertanggungjawaban kepada Amerika Serikat atas kesalahan manufaktur pesawat terbang. Selain itu, munculnya prinsip forum non conveniens pada level nasional mempersulit penggugat untuk mendapatkan ganti rugi pada pengadilan nasional. Hukum nasional yang diterapkan pada tiap kasus pun berbeda sehingga muncul kesenjangan mengenai ganti rugi yang diperoleh penggugat atas kerugian yang diderita. Melihat situasi ini, peneliti berkesimpulan perlunya pembentukan pengaturan dalam hukum internasional mengenai tanggung jawab manufaktur pesawat terbang. Kata Kunci: Forum Non Conveniens, Manufaktur Pesawat Terbang, Tanggung Jawab Negara
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Muliasari, Ataline, and M. Herry Purnama. "Peningkatan Fasilitas Landas Pacu Bandar Udara Fatmawati Soekarno – Bengkulu Untuk Meningkatkan Pelayanan Penerbangan." WARTA ARDHIA 38, no. 3 (April 4, 2017): 311. http://dx.doi.org/10.25104/wa.v38i3.201.311-325.

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The improvement of the quality and quantity of airplanes owned by some airlines as well as the increasing number of passengers’ movement have demanded every airport to improve its facilities. Fatmawati Soekarno airport has improved the quality of its runway with the value of Pavement Classification Number (PCN) 45 F/X/C/T. With the increasing Pavement Classification Number (PCN) , it is expected that airports can facilitate Boeing 737-900ER aircraft.The problems in this study is the what figure of Permitted Total Load (Pta) of aircrafts is if the Pavement Classification Number (PCN) value is increased. From the above calculation, it shows that the Permitted Total Load (Pta) that can perform landing in the airport’s runway is 75.655 kg. Meanwhile, the Pavement Classification Number (PCN) value is PCN 45/F/C/X/T and the CAN value of a Boeing 737-900ER aircraft is 51 (max) and 24 (min) for CBR low with the Maximum Take Off Weight of 85.130 kg. Peningkatan kualitas dan kuantitas pesawat yang dimiliki oleh beberapa maskapai penerbangan, serta pertumbuhan jumlah pergerakan penumpang, menuntut setiap bandar udara untuk meningkatkan fasilitasnya. Bandar udara Fatmawati Soekarno telah meningkatkan kualitas fasilitas landas pacu dengan nilai Pavement classification Number (PCN) 45 F/X/C/T. Dengan peningkatan nilai Pavement Classification Number (PCN) tersebut, diharapkan bandar udara ini mampu melayani pesawat tipe 737-900ER.Permasalahan dari penelitian ini adalah berapa nilai beban ijin total (Pta) pesawat bila nilai Pavement Classification Number ditingkatkan. Dari hasil perhitungan diatas terlihat bahwa beban ijin total pesawat (Pta) yang dapat mendarat di runway Bandar udara Fatmawati Soekarno adalah 75.655 kg. Sementara itu, Nilai Pavement Clasification Number (PCN) adalah PCN 45/F/C/X/T, dan nilai ACN dari Pesawat Boeing 737 - 900 ER adalah 51 (max) dan 24 (min) untuk CBR Low, dengan Maksimum Take Off Weight (MTOW) sebesar 85.130 kg.
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Naor, Michael, Nicole Adler, Gavriel David Pinto, and Alon Dumanis. "Psychological Safety in Aviation New Product Development Teams: Case Study of 737 MAX Airplane." Sustainability 12, no. 21 (October 29, 2020): 8994. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12218994.

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The goal of current study is to discern the antecedents of two airplane accidents involving the Boeing MAX 737. The theory of normal accidents serves as a lens to comprehend the hazard stemming from MAX design with dissonance between two critical systems: engine propulsion and flight control. Cooper’s framework further delineates lack of psychological safety during prototype development from the project’s inception along six dimensions: management/supervision, safety systems, risk, work pressure, competence, and procedures/rules. The analysis indicates dearth of leadership commitment for a safety culture under time pressure and budget constraint. Our results corroborate the paramount importance of the pilot’s extensive simulator training in order to test the interaction between the innovative Maneuvering Characteristics Augmentation System and human behavior response time. Lessons gleaned from the study include three insights. First, the importance of meticulously testing a prototype during the new product development stage and the hazard stemming from improvisation to extend the life of outdated engineering design. Second, the necessity of regulatory authorities, such as the Federal Aviation Administration, undergoing a modernization process by invigorating their ranks with data scientists attuned to 21st century skills in big data analytics. Third, FAA should diminish the delegation of self-certified permits to manufacturers.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Boeing 737 MAX"

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Eshun, Ernest. "The Defeathered Bird: A Case Study of the Boeing 737 Max Crisis." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3840.

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On April 10, 2019, a global crisis began outside Ethiopia’s capital, Addis Ababa. A Boeing 737 Max 8 airplane owned and operated by Ethiopian Airline crashed in the desert killing all on board. The accident mimicked a six months old Lion Air flight 610 which happened in Indonesia and claimed the lives of all crew and passengers. Together, these accidents claimed the lives of 346 people and have been noted as one of the dark days in modern aviation history. Subsequently, the aviation world grounded all Boeing 737 Max aircrafts amid safety concerns. This brought severe public criticism to Boeing, America’s biggest manufacturing exporter, relative to the safety of its flagship airplane. Applying crisis communication theories such as Apologia, SCCT, and Image Restoration, the study finds that these strategies together with other public relations strategies could support public perception in favor of Boeing.
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Zhang, Zhe S. M. Sloan School of Management. "A statistical analysis of the potential impact of Boeing 737 MAX crashes on passenger behavior." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/127001.

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Thesis: S.M. in Management Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, May, 2020
Cataloged from the official PDF of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (page 47).
There were two fatal air crashes in 2018 and 2019, Lion Air Flight 610 and Ethiopian Airlines Flight 302; aircraft type of both crashes was Boeing 737 MAX 8. In the aftermath of the two crashes, the Boeing 737 MAX 8 was grounded globally. According to the latest announcement of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), the MAX will be grounded until the summer of 2020. After the grounding, the MAX will return to the fleets of airlines in North America, such as American Airlines and Air Canada. However, will travelers accept this aircraft type as before? Or, to what extent travelers will avoid flying the MAX? The purpose of this thesis is to use statistical methods to quantify travelers' avoidance of MAX. Based on the booking data of American Airlines (AA) and Air Canada (AC), I use three metrics to measure travelers' attitudes, including bookings of the targeted flights, total daily bookings, and the proportions of bookings. The findings of the current study on two routes of AA and AC didn't reveal any statistically significant evidence of MAX avoidance on any of three key metrics. Accordingly, I concluded that the specific customer segment in this thesis didn't show a clear avoidance of MAX.
by Zhe Zhang.
S.M. in Management Research
S.M.inManagementResearch Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management
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Langer, Jaromír. "Posouzení provozuschopnosti nově zaváděných letounů na regionálních letištích středoevropského regionu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231642.

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This thesis describes a two of newly introduced types of aircraft (Boeing 787 Dreamliner, Boeing 737 MAX) and compares the operating characteristics of the operational aspects of the airports of the Central European region.
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Correia, Sebastião Soares Da Cunha. "Equity research boeing." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/105912.

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Boeing is the largest aerospace and defense company in the world. The 737 MAX grounding lead to a very hard year for the company and menaced its status as the leading company in the industry. A company and industry analysis was conducted to support the discounted cash flow valuation that was made. The trends of the industry and the way the company will relate to the latter, were incorporated in a valuation model that states a clear BUY recommendation for this stock, predicting a current undervaluation due to the 737 MAX grounding.
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Books on the topic "Boeing 737 MAX"

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United States. National Transportation Safety Board. Aircraft accident report: United Airlines flight 663, Boeing 727-222, N7647U, Denver, Colorado, May 31, 1984. Washington, D.C: The Board, 1985.

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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Public Works and Transportation. Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight. Aviation safety: (status of the U.S. air traffic control system) : hearing before the Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight of the Committee on Public Works and Transportation, House of Representatives, One Hundred First Congress, first session, May 25, 1989. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1989.

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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Public Works and Transportation. Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight. Aviation safety: (status of the U.S. air traffic control system) : hearing before the Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight of the Committee on Public Works and Transportation, House of Representatives, One Hundred First Congress, first session, May 25, 1989. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1989.

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Oversight, United States Congress House Committee on Public Works and Transportation Subcommittee on Investigations and. Aviation safety: (status of the U.S. air traffic control system) : hearing before the Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight of the Committee on Public Works and Transportation, House of Representatives, One Hundred First Congress, first session, May 25, 1989. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1989.

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Townsend, Rick. Boeing 737 Study Guide, 2020 Edition: Covering the 737-800 and 737-MAX Versions. Pilot Study Guides, LLC, 2020.

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Corneau, John I. Status of the Boeing 737 Max and Flight Control System Review. Nova Science Publishers, Incorporated, 2020.

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Corneau, John I. Status of the Boeing 737 Max and Flight Control System Review. Nova Science Publishers, Incorporated, 2020.

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Ravn, Malthe E. Safety and Design of the Boeing 737 Max: Were the Crashes Avoidable? Nova Science Publishers, Incorporated, 2020.

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Ravn, Malthe E. Safety and Design of the Boeing 737 Max: Were the Crashes Avoidable? Nova Science Publishers, Incorporated, 2020.

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Book chapters on the topic "Boeing 737 MAX"

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Abeyratne, Ruwantissa. "Digital Crisis and the Boeing 737 MAX 8 Aircraft." In Aviation in the Digital Age, 75–107. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48218-3_5.

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Spielman, Zachary, and Katya Le Blanc. "Boeing 737 MAX: Expectation of Human Capability in Highly Automated Systems." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 64–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51758-8_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Boeing 737 MAX"

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Smith, Jan B. "Failure Time Analysis Applied to Boeing 737 MAX." In 2020 Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium (RAMS). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rams48030.2020.9153706.

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Jdiobe, Muwanika, Kyle Hickman, James A. Kidd, and Nicoletta Fala. "Improving Undergraduate Aerospace Engineer Professional Readiness through Boeing 737 Max Crash Case Study." In AIAA AVIATION 2020 FORUM. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2020-2937.

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Luo, Pan, Meiyan Li, and Zhaojun Steven Li. "An Internet of Things (loT) Perspective of Understanding the Boeing 737 MAX Crash." In 2020 Global Reliability and Prognostics and Health Management (PHM-Shanghai). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/phm-shanghai49105.2020.9280967.

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Magalhães Júnior, Pedro Américo Almeida, CAIO NELSON NOGUEIRA NAPOLES, Ana Laura Mendonça Almeida Magalhães, Ana Carolina de Freitas Miranda, and Marcela Leite Portela. "ANÁLISE ESTRUTURAL DE UM AVIÃO BOEING 737 MAX 8 USANDO O MÉTODO DOS ELEMENTOS FINITOS." In XXXVIII Iberian-Latin American Congress on Computational Methods in Engineering. Florianopolis, Brazil: ABMEC Brazilian Association of Computational Methods in Engineering, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.20906/cps/cilamce2017-0745.

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Morais, Caroline, K. Yung, and Edoardo Patelli. "MACHINE-LEARNING TOOL FOR HUMAN FACTORS EVALUATION – APPLICATION TO LION AIR BOEING 737-8 MAX ACCIDENT." In 2nd International Conference on Uncertainty Quantification in Computational Sciences and Engineering. Athens: Institute of Structural Analysis and Antiseismic Research School of Civil Engineering National Technical University of Athens (NTUA) Greece, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7712/120219.6355.18709.

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Letko, Matúš, and Ján Rostáš. "Analysis and consequences of Boeing 737MAX accidents." In Práce a štúdie. University of Zilina, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26552/pas.z.2021.2.24.

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This master´s paper deals with the analysis and consequences of Boeing 737 MAX aircraft crashes from several perspectives. With a chronological sequence and a clear summary of all important facts, this paper offers a comprehensive view of the origin of the whole situation, the subsequent development and includes all consequences of these accidents. Despite the great amounts of information published, it favors facts and scientifically based information, thus contributing to the creation of a factual and objective opinion. The result is a complex view and evaluation of the situation with respect to the conditions in the aviation industry. Finally, it adds value by deriving responsibility from all relevant actors and identifying the circumstances that contributed to the accidents.
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Chen, Yue. "Comparative Study on Language Features of Disastrous News Items in China and the West-Taking the Crash of Boeing 737 MAX as an Example." In 6th International Conference on Humanities and Social Science Research (ICHSSR 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200428.022.

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Vaiciulionyte, Marija, and Vladislavas Petraškevičius. "DEVELOPMENT OF STRATEGIC PLAN FOR ACMI COMPANIES IN AVIATION INDUSTRY." In 23rd Conference for Young Researchers "Economics and Management". Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/vvf.2020.012.

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Aviation industry showing significant growth around the World. Different specialization companies making partnerships with each other to make aviation imperia even bigger and more stable. The relation between companies provides not only growth but also stagnation of operations. Nowadays Boeing 737-MAX crashes prove that affected major companies were forced to stop operations, due to lack of aircraft. For that reason, ACMI (Aircraft, crew, maintenance, and insurance) companies provided the full capacity to maintain flight operations. From this perspective, ACMI companies living a golden age. These companies’ services are booked by major airlines for many months in front, due to unforeseen aircraft type grounding issues. The situation in almost every industry varies between ups and downs by forcing companies to analyze the future strategy development plan. Based on AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) and TOPSIS method, it is preferable to buy neither to lease an ACMI services from a longer period perspective. New aircraft are less cheap regarding maintenance schedules, fuel consumption and after full repayment, it becomes airline property. The purpose of the article is to asses ACMI company strategy development to stay in the aviation business after major airlines re-establish their full operations. The leasing company can not be a direct competitor to airlines, therefore it needs to develop specific services, which can attract customers. ACMI company can provide services as fast as possible in unexpected or emergency situations. Moreover giving the flexibility of leasing and providing extra services, makes the company be attractive and unique.
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Rose, Daniel P., George D. Price, Joe A. Saenz, and Paul F. Lawton. "Restoration of Thinned Airfoils by Application of Physical Vapor Deposition Coating." In ASME 1993 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/93-gt-173.

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The GTCP331-200/250 auxiliary power unit (APU) is used to provide electrical power and compressed air for commercial aircraft, including the Boeing 757 and 767, and Airbus A310. The turbine section of this engine is a three stage axial flow configuration. Due to the combined effect of oxidation and erosion, the useful life of the first stage turbine blade may be limited by loss of material on the airfoil. The effect of material loss is reduction of the airfoil thickness and chord length. This paper discusses a repair that restores the airfoil dimensions by buildup with a physical vapor deposition coating. The repair process includes incoming dimensional inspection of the airfoil, physical vapor deposition with tapered thickness to restore airfoil dimensions, and post deposition processing. The evaluation includes airfoil dimensional inspection, metallographic verification of coating integrity, and finite element modeling to illustrate the effect of material buildup on different locations of the airfoil.
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Clarke, Matthew A., Narcrisha S. Norman, and Sonya T. Smith. "Hybrid-MCX-1, BWB and 777 Aircraft Comparison." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-52526.

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Conceptual design is the first and most important phase of an aircraft’s configuration and system development process. That being said, there is no denying that innovation in aviation has stunted over the last 50 years; the once every present fascination of flying has been blanketed by the rapid profit-driven commercializing of an industry. Moreover, we have reached an apex of maximizing the efficiency of current passenger aircraft model configurations. In recent times, new research and development has culminated to the introduction of aerodynamic structures to address key issues such as stability and fuel efficiency. This research paper seeks to push the envelope of innovation with a brand new perspective on how we view air travel — redefining the Why, What and How. It explores novel concepts such as Boeing Blended Wing Body (BWB) aircraft shown in, which does not follow the conventional Tube and Wing (TAW) configuration. It is a tailless design that integrates the wing and the fuselage into a single-lifting surface. The most common advantages include a higher lift-to-drag ratio and higher payload capacity due to a distribute load along the centerline of the aircraft. On the other hand, a tailless configuration comes at a cost to in-flight maneuvering and stability. The unique design of the Hybrid-MCX-1 aircraft involves the application of the active aero-elastic tailoring to aircraft topology optimization for both subsonic and transonic regimes. With a focus on experimental wind tunnel testing and high-fidelity simulations, this project proposes a new concept that deviates from today’s tubular and wing concept. The aircraft has a unique shape with a forward fuselage that starts off with the conventional tubular and winged aircraft design currently flown in commercial travel, but deviates to a wider cross section at the center of the fuselage. The model has self-supporting, cantilever, dihedral, swept wings, with pronounced fillets at the junction of the wing root and fuselage, blending them smoothly. This smooth transition reduce interference between airflow over the wing root and the adjacent body surface, ultimately reducing drag. The engines of the Hybrid-MCX-1 are mounted by at 45-degree angle on the rear of the plane. This engine location offers the opportunity for swallowing the boundary layer of air from that portion of the center body upstream of the inlet, providing improved propulsive efficiency by reducing the ram drag. The Hybrid-MCX-1 also possesses a vertical tail that bisects the engines. As with current commercial aircraft, this tail provides lateral stability and controls the yaw. In the case of the BWB, yaw control is made possible by sweeping the wing and downloading the wingtips. However, this approach reduces the effective aerodynamic wingspan of the aircraft and imposes a significant induced drag penalty. The presence of a tail on the concept model addresses the aforementioned issue and rectifies unwanted yawing that may arise during cross wind flight conditions. The rear end of the aircraft decrease significantly in vertical thickness when compared to the lateral thickness to minimize the possibility of flow separation as air passes around the wings and over the front half of the aircraft while maximizing total lifting surface area. The pylons are adequately sized to avoid aerodynamic interference between fuselage, pylon and nacelle but still relatively short to minimize drag.
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