Relevant bibliographies by topics / Bone fragility

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Bone fragility'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 5 April 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Bone fragility"

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Napoli, Nicola. "Osteoporosis/bone fragility." Journal of Gerontology and Geriatrics 69, no. 4 (December 2021): 265–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.36150/2499-6564-n456.

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Heaney, Robert P. "Osteoporotic Bone Fragility." JAMA 261, no. 20 (May 26, 1989): 2986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1989.03420200076041.

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Burr, David B. "Microdamage and bone fragility." Current Opinion in Orthopaedics 12, no. 5 (October 2001): 365–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001433-200110000-00001.

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Seeman, Ego. "Loading and bone fragility." Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism 23, S1 (January 2005): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03026319.

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Robinson, Marie-Eve, and Frank Rauch. "Mendelian bone fragility disorders." Bone 126 (September 2019): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2019.04.021.

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Lane, Nancy E., and Wei Yao. "Glucocorticoid-induced bone fragility." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1192, no. 1 (April 2010): 81–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.05228.x.

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Schaffler, Mitchell. "Fatigue and bone fragility." Calcified Tissue International 53, S1 (February 1993): S67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01673405.

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Mondillo, Caterina. "Bone fragility in sarcoidosis." International Journal of Bone Fragility 3, no. 3 (June 1, 2023): 36–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.57582/ijbf.230301.036.

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Purpose: Few studies have suggested that sarcoidosis may be associated with low bone mineral density (BMD) and fragility fractures. However, studies on bone mineral loss or fractures in sarcoidosis are conflicting. This study aimed to evaluate: 1) the history of fragility fractures in patients with sarcoidosis; 2) the correlation of bone fragility with severity of sarcoidosis disease. Methods: We selected 252 sarcoidosis patients (54.7 ± 12.1 years) and age- and sex-matched healthy controls. We evaluated BMD at the lumbar spine (BMD-LS), femoral neck, and total hip (BMD-TH), and also the occurrence of any fracture. Forced expiratory volume in one second, forced vital capacity, and diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) were also assessed. Results: BMD T-scores were lower in sarcoidosis patients than in healthy controls, but the difference was statistically significant only for BMD-LS (p < 0.01) and BMD-TH (p < 0.05). Moreover, BMD-LS and BMD-TH values were significantly associated with DLCO (%) (p < 0.05). The prevalence of fragility fracture was higher in patients with sarcoidosis than in controls (30.6% vs. 12.3%). The sarcoidosis patients with a higher number of vertebral fractures (>3) also showed reduced values on pulmonary function test parameters, particularly DLCO (%). Conclusions: This study shows that fragility fractures are significantly more frequent in patients with sarcoidosis than in control subjects. Furthermore, a greater number of vertebral fractures was linked to worse pulmonary function tests.
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Marini, Francesca, Francesca Giusti, Teresa Iantomasi, and Maria Luisa Brandi. "Congenital Metabolic Bone Disorders as a Cause of Bone Fragility." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 19 (September 24, 2021): 10281. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms221910281.

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Bone fragility is a pathological condition caused by altered homeostasis of the mineralized bone mass with deterioration of the microarchitecture of the bone tissue, which results in a reduction of bone strength and an increased risk of fracture, even in the absence of high-impact trauma. The most common cause of bone fragility is primary osteoporosis in the elderly. However, bone fragility can manifest at any age, within the context of a wide spectrum of congenital rare bone metabolic diseases in which the inherited genetic defect alters correct bone modeling and remodeling at different points and aspects of bone synthesis and/or bone resorption, leading to defective bone tissue highly prone to long bone bowing, stress fractures and pseudofractures, and/or fragility fractures. To date, over 100 different Mendelian-inherited metabolic bone disorders have been identified and included in the OMIM database, associated with germinal heterozygote, compound heterozygote, or homozygote mutations, affecting over 80 different genes involved in the regulation of bone and mineral metabolism. This manuscript reviews clinical bone phenotypes, and the associated bone fragility in rare congenital metabolic bone disorders, following a disease taxonomic classification based on deranged bone metabolic activity.
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Bala, Yohann, Roger Zebaze, and Ego Seeman. "Role of cortical bone in bone fragility." Current Opinion in Rheumatology 27, no. 4 (July 2015): 406–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/bor.0000000000000183.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bone fragility"

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Pulkkinen, P. (Pasi). "Radiographical assessment of hip fragility." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2009. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514290176.

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Abstract The current benchmark for the assessment of fracture risk is the status of osteoporosis based on the measurement of bone mineral density (BMD) by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). However, DXA-based BMD has been shown to lack predictive ability for individual fracture risk. More than half of the hip fractures occur among people who are not classified as having osteoporosis. Osteoporosis (i.e. reduced bone mass) is only one risk factor for a fracture. In addition to bone mass, the mechanical strength of a bone is influenced by material and structural factors. However, we have limited information about the combined effects of BMD and bone structural properties in the evaluation of fracture risk, with regard to different types of hip fractures in particular. Therefore, this study investigated the radiograph-based structural factors of the upper femur for the assessment of bone mechanical competence and cervical and trochanteric hip fracture risk. The subjects of the clinical study comprised 74 postmenopausal women with non-pathologic cervical or trochanteric hip fracture and 40 age-matched controls. The impact of bone structure on the bone mechanical competence was studied using the experimental material of 140 cadaver femurs. The femora were mechanically tested in order to determine the failure load in a side impact configuration, simulating a sideways fall. In all study series, standard BMD measurements were performed, and the structural parameters of bone were determined from digitized plain radiographs. The present study showed that the large variation in the mechanical competence of bone is associated with the geometrical and architectural variation of bone. Moreover, the results strongly suggested that the etiopathology of different types of hip fractures significantly differs, and that fracture risk prediction should thus be performed separately for the cervical and trochanteric hip fractures. Furthermore, the study implied that the current clinical procedure can better be used for the assessment of the risk of trochanteric fracture, whereas cervical fracture is more strongly affected by the geometrical factors than by BMD. Finally, radiograph-based structural parameters of trabecular bone and bone geometry predicted in vitro failure loads of the proximal femur with a similar accuracy as DXA, when appropriate image analysis technology was used. Thus, the technology may be suitable for further development and application in clinical fracture risk assessment.
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Englund, Undis. "Physical activity, bone density, and fragility fractures in women." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Umeå university, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-29883.

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Yerramshetty, Janardhan Srinivas. "The Effect of Compositional and Physicochemical Heterogeneity on Age-Related Fragility of Human Cortical Bone." Connect to Online Resource-OhioLINK, 2006. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?acc_num=toledo1166237815.

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Lee, Lucinda. "Cell and Gene Therapy Strategies for Treatment of Bone Fragility Disorders." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/22007.

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Current therapies for bone fragility disorders such as Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) can reduce fracture risk by improving bone quantity but not bone quality. Cell and/or gene therapy strategies hold promise for addressing the fundamental deficiencies in genetic bone disease but involve a number of technical hurdles that need to be overcome. This thesis takes a stepwise approach to address some of these challenges. Allogenic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from healthy donors has been suggested for several decades to be able to repopulate the bone compartment with genetically healthy cells. However prior attempts have often featured poor osteoblastic engraftment. We describe the application of cell therapy to the mild-moderate severity Col1a2G610C OI mouse model. The effects of sub-lethal irradiation followed by transplantation of BMT from wild type (WT) mice into OI mice were analysed via DEXA, microCT, and mechanical testing. No differences were observed between the OI transplanted with WT cell group and the naïve WT and OI control groups in any measure. OI cells transplanted into OI mice were also included an additional control group to test for the paracrine effects of BMT, but again no significant differences were found compared to naïve OI controls. Lineage tracking using mice irradiated then transplanted with fluorescently labelled bone marrow cells revealed that most engrafted donor cells expressed the osteoclast marker tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). These results together indicate the inefficacy of irradiation and BMT on the osteopoietic compartment and suggest that alternative novel methods would be needed to increase engraftment for OI. In order to facilitate gene therapy approaches for OI, we aimed to engineer a system allowing the specific targeting of bone cells (osteoblasts and osteocytes) throughout the skeleton. Adeno associated viruses (AAVs) emerged as a prime vector candidate due to their small size, non-immunogenicity, and tissue specificity. A panel of 18 AAV variants expressing Cre recombinase and GFP under CAG ubiquitous promoter were first trialled via local delivery in a murine fracture model and in vitro on a human osteoblastic cell line. High performing variants, AAV8 and AAV-DJ were then used in systemic delivery experiments where vectors driving Cre expression via bone-cell specific promoters were designed and generated. The AAV8-Sp7-Cre vector was demonstrated to specifically and efficiently transduce osteoblasts and osteocytes throughout the skeleton. In a final series of experiments, delivery methods for the Cre constructs were compared and CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing constructs were designed and generated based on the Cre constructs design. Intraperitoneal (IP) delivery of the AAV8-CAG-Cre construct showed a similar transduction profile to intravenous (IV) delivery throughout the organs and bones. The one exception was skeletal muscle where IP delivery was able to transduce some skeletal muscle surrounding the tibia. In utero delivery was also trialled via IV delivery to pregnant female mice at ED17. This did not result in transduction of the pups, and IP injection of the pregnant female mice or direct injection of the pups in utero should be trialled. Finally, two AAV8 CRISPR/Cas9 constructs (a self-assembling intein system) able to drive gene editing of the Ai9 locus were produced. Preliminary studies showed a lack of gene editing in target tissues, and hence further studies were conducted to troubleshoot the constructs. HEK293 cells transduced with the virus in vitro showed staining of the N-terminal Cas9 intein, however the C-terminal Cas9 intein has yet to be validated. Further studies will be taken to resolve issues with these constructs to produce vectors able to mediate global skeletal gene editing in the Ai9 mouse. In summary, the published papers and subsequent experiments detailed in this thesis represent a stepwise approach for developing a gene therapy solution to genetic bone diseases. The creation of a bone specific Cre expressing AAV vector is expected to have remarkable utility as a tool for generating timed bone specific knockouts in floxed mouse lines. Its specificity and efficiency are particularly notable features. It is anticipated that rectification of one or more of the components of the split CRISPR/Cas9 approach will ultimately enable high-efficiency gene editing in bone, which will be a major advance for the field.
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Caruthers, William A. "Bisphosphonates and Bone Microdamage." UKnowledge, 2012. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/cbme_etds/4.

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Osteoporosis is a significant healthcare issue due to the increasing elderly population. Bisphosphonates are used to treat osteoporosis by reducing the rate of resorption, increasing bone mineral density (BMD) and thereby reducing fracture risk. Long-term bisphosphonate treatment, however, has been associated with low-energy fractures. Bone microdamage may provide a partial explanation for one of the mechanisms responsible for these fractures since it has been shown to reduce bone toughness, fracture resistance, and bone strength. The goal of this study was to quantify the changes in bone microdamage parameters with the duration of bisphosphonate treatment. This study selected, stained, and histomorphometrically analyzed 40 iliac crest bone biopsies from controls and female patients with osteoporosis treated with bisphosphonates for varying durations (up to 12 years). All subjects were matched for age and low turnover. The results showed that microcrack density and microcrack surface density were significantly greater in patients who took bisphosphonates for at least 5 years compared to those who took bisphosphonates for less than 5 years or not at all. These results reveal novel, clinically relevant information linking microdamage accumulation to long-term bisphosphonate treatment without influences from age or turnover.
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Carey, Shannon De Ann. "Development of an Evidence-Based Protocol for the Management of Acute Vertebral Fragility Fractures." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4049.

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Vertebral fragility fractures are common, affecting approximately 50% of all postmenopausal women and 33% of men over the age of 50, and are the most common type of fracture seen in osteoporosis. The management of vertebral fragility fractures in the acute care setting is lacking in standardization, in the use of evidence-based practice, and in addressing the underlying cause of osteoporosis. The purpose of this project was to develop an evidence-based protocol to standardize the care of the vertebral fragility fracture in the acute care setting. This protocol included patient education, fall risk assessment, screening for osteoporosis, and follow up with an osteoporosis clinic for comprehensive management once discharged. This project used the Donabedian model to provide a conceptual framework for evaluating the structure, process, and outcomes related to the practice problem. This quantitative study involved 10 participants that were selected using purposive sampling and used process control charting to show compliance with elements of the guideline, and descriptive data to depict process change. Guideline compliance was measured over an 8-week period and indicated successful implementation of fall risk assessment with a 100% compliance rate and osteoporosis screening with an 80% compliance rate. Compliance with fracture education and securement of follow up were difficult to ascertain in the 8-week period and non-compliance evident. In conclusion, two elements of the guideline showed to be an unstable process and further work is necessary to improve. Positive social change may result from empowering nurses by education and giving them autonomy to use evidence-based practice to decrease the risk for secondary vertebral fragility fractures.
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Custer, Erica M. "Cortical Bone Mechanics Technology and Quasi-static Mechanical Testing Sensitivity to Bone Collagen Degradation." Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1556281791006274.

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Mercurio, Andrew David. "Effects of Extensive Periosteal Stripping on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Cortical Bone." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1306435727.

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Warnock, Sarah M. "Cortical Bone Mechanics Technology (CBMT) and Dual X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) Sensitivity to Bone Collagen Degradation in Human Ulna Bone." Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1556305540256918.

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Cole, Mary Elizabeth. "Optimizing Bone Loss Across the Lifespan: The Three-Dimensional Structure of Porosity in the Human Femoral Neck and Rib As a Metric of Bone Fragility." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1559033566505566.

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Books on the topic "Bone fragility"

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Uhthoff, Hans K., ed. Current Concepts of Bone Fragility. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70709-4.

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1925-, Uhthoff Hans K., Stahl Elvira, and Applied Basic Science Course (12th : 1985 : Ottawa, Ont.), eds. Current concepts of bone fragility. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1986.

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Culbert, Ainsley Amanda. Studies of the molecular basis of bone fragility in individuals with osteogenesis imperfecta. Manchester: University of Manchester, 1996.

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Evans, E. P. Credit quality spreads, bond market efficiency and financial fragility. London: LSE Financial Markets Group, 1990.

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Uhthoff, Hans K., and Elvira Stahl. Current Concepts of Bone Fragility. Springer London, Limited, 2011.

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Uhthoff, Hans K., and Elvira Stahl. Current Concepts of Bone Fragility. Springer London, Limited, 2012.

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Current Concepts of Bone Fragility. Springer, 1986.

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Uhthoff, Hans K. Current Concepts of Bone Fragility. Island Press, 1986.

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Javaid, Kassim. Osteoporosis and fragility fracture. Edited by Patrick Davey and David Sprigings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0275.

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Osteoporosis is defined as a systemic bone disease with reduction in both bone density and microarchitectural integrity, resulting in an increase in fragility fracture risk. It is a multifactorial disease which, through effects on bone formation and resorption, reduces the peak bone mass achieved during early adulthood and increases the rate of bone loss in later adulthood. Osteoporosis is clinically silent until a fragility fracture occurs. There are 3 million patients with osteoporosis in the UK, with over 200 000 fractures per year and 80 000 hip fractures. This chapter addresses the causes, clinical features, diagnosis, and management of osteoporosis.
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Lappe, Joan Marie. RISK FACTORS FOR BONE FRAGILITY: A LONGITUDINAL STUDY. 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Bone fragility"

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Wilson, Helen, Diana Calcraft, Cai Neville, Susan Lanham-New, and Louise R. Durrant. "Bone Health, Fragility and Fractures." In Perspectives in Nursing Management and Care for Older Adults, 115–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63892-4_9.

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AbstractAchieving and maintaining skeletal health throughout the life trajectory is essential for the prevention of bone diseases such as rickets, osteomalacia and osteoporosis. Rickets and osteomalacia are usually a result of calcium and/or vitamin D deficiency, causing softening of bones and bone pain, and both conditions are treatable with calcium and vitamin D supplementation. Osteoporosis is a multifaceted disease mainly affecting older people, and its pathogenesis (and hence treatment) is more complex. Untreated osteoporosis results in fragility fractures causing morbidity and increased mortality.Nutrition is one of many factors that influence bone mass and risk of bone disease. Developing a nutritional sciences approach is a feasible option for improving bone health.The importance of adequate calcium and vitamin D in ensuring skeletal integrity throughout the life course has a sound evidence base. Poor vitamin D status in population groups of all ages is widespread across many countries (including affluent and non-affluent areas). Public health approaches are required to correct this given the fact that vitamin D is not just required for musculoskeletal health but also for other health outcomes.Dietary protein may be beneficial for bone due to its effect of increasing insulin-like growth-factor-1 (IGF-1). Recent meta-analyses show that dietary protein has a beneficial role to play in bone health at all ages.Other nutritional factors and nutrients (such as potassium, magnesium, vitamin K and acid-base balance) are also likely to have an important role in bone health, though the literature is less clear in terms of the association/relationship and more research is required.
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Kerschan-Schindl, Katharina, Ursula Föger-Samwald, and Peter Pietschmann. "Pathophysiology of Bone Fragility." In Principles of Bone and Joint Research, 83–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58955-8_6.

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Mann, K. G., and B. L. Riggs. "Bone Turnover Assessment Using Bone-Specific Biochemical Markers." In Current Concepts of Bone Fragility, 103–10. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70709-4_8.

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Adler, C. P. "The Role of Bone Biopsy in Metabolic Bone Disease." In Current Concepts of Bone Fragility, 111–22. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70709-4_9.

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Martin, T. John, and Ego Seeman. "Reduced Bone Formation in the Pathogenesis of Bone Fragility." In Bone Formation, 106–19. London: Springer London, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3777-1_6.

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Dhem, A., and V. Robert. "Morphology of Bone Tissue Aging." In Current Concepts of Bone Fragility, 363–70. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70709-4_31.

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Hayes, W. C. "Basic Biomechanics of the Skeleton." In Current Concepts of Bone Fragility, 3–18. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70709-4_1.

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Frost, H. M. "Bone Microdamage: Factors That Impair Its Repair." In Current Concepts of Bone Fragility, 123–46. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70709-4_10.

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Melton, L. J., and B. L. Riggs. "Impaired Bone Strength and Fracture Patterns at Different Skeletal Sites." In Current Concepts of Bone Fragility, 149–57. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70709-4_11.

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Wiley, J. J., and W. M. Mcintyre. "Fracture Patterns in Children." In Current Concepts of Bone Fragility, 159–65. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70709-4_12.

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Conference papers on the topic "Bone fragility"

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Samala, Srinivas, Ch Rajendra Prasad, Peddapelli Raj Kumar, Katukojvala Akash, MD Afreena, and Mekala Sanjay Kumar. "CNN-Based Osteoporosis Diagnosis: A Novel Approach to Bone Fragility Analysis." In 2024 International Conference on IoT Based Control Networks and Intelligent Systems (ICICNIS), 1111–16. IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/icicnis64247.2024.10823107.

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Yeni, Yener N., and Roger R. Zauel. "Micro CT-Based Large Scale Finite Element Modeling of Compressive and Torsional Properties of Human Cortical Bone." In ASME 2007 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2007-176482.

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Cortical bone tissue quality is imperative in maintaining the mechanical competence of whole bones, particularly at sites of overuse and age-related fragility fractures where a considerable cortical bone component is present. (Note that cortical bone tissue is more than 80% of the bone in the body [1].)
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Cosmi, F. "A 3-year follow-up study on bone structure elastic quality." In AIMETA 2022. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644902431-45.

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Abstract. Osteoporosis is called a silent disease because bone fragility manifests itself to the patient only in an advanced state, through fracture and pain. Medical and industry leaders recognize that the current golden standard diagnostic method, densitometry, or Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA), may not always be sufficient to assess the patient’s real risk of fragility fracture [1]. Indeed, pathological alterations affect not only the mineral content (quantity) of the bone, but also its “quality”, which can be measured from the elastic properties of the bone internal trabecular structure by means of the Bone Elastic Structure Test, BES TEST®. In this study, the incidence of fragility fractures was assessed after a 3-year follow-up period in the women enrolled for a population study in 2015. The BES TEST® resulted an effective estimator of bone health, and can improve the assessment of the patient’s fracture risk map.
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Samuel, Jitin, Cong-Gui Zhao, Bijay Giri, Debarshi Sinha, and Xiaodu Wang. "Effect of Hydrogen Bonding Ability, Dipole-Dipole Interactions and Viscosity of Extracellular Matrix Fluid on the Bone Mechanical Behavior." In ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80812.

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Fragility fracture as a mode of pathologic failure in bone is a major healthcare concern and has adverse consequences with respect to morbidity, cost and to a lesser extent mortality. Understanding the structure/composition and functional relationships among the bone constituents is an important step towards prevention/treatment of fragility fractures.
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Isaksson, Hanna, Viktoria Prantner, and Jukka S. Jurvelin. "Age Related Variation in BMD and Trabecular Architecture Differs Between the Proximal Femur and Calcaneus in Men." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53524.

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Fragility fractures due to degradation of the bone tissue during aging or development of osteoporosis are responsible for significant morbidity and mortality in elderly patients. A variety of factors contribute to the overall resistance of bones to fracture, e.g. the bone quality. Traditionally, bone mineral density (BMD) as assessed by the dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the gold standard for osteoporosis diagnostics 1. However, BMD alone is insufficient to explain fracture risk in patients 2. Additional characterization of bone structural parameters may provide more insight into the predictive capacity of BMD with respect to bone structural parameters. Further, as various skeletal sites are used to assess bone status, differences in structural characteristics of skeletal sites should be addressed.
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Cao, Qian, Nicholas Petrick, Stephanie Coquia, Kenny H. Cha, Rongping Zeng, Keith Wear, Berkman Sahiner, and Qin Li. "Assessment of bone fragility in projection images using radiomic features." In Computer-Aided Diagnosis, edited by Karen Drukker and Maciej A. Mazurowski. SPIE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2581489.

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Turnbull, Travis L., and Ryan K. Roeder. "Detection of Fatigue Microdamage in Whole Rat Femora Using Contrast-Enhanced Micro-Computed Tomography." In ASME 2010 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2010-19506.

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Microdamage in bone tissue results from repetitive mechanical loading, and the accumulation of microdamage has been implicated with increased fracture susceptibility, including stress fractures in active individuals and fragility fractures in the elderly [1–3]. Conventional methods used to detect microdamage in bone are limited to thin histological sections, which are inherently invasive, destructive, tedious and two-dimensional [3]. A non-destructive, three-dimensional (3-D) method would enable correlation of the spatial location and accumulation of microdamage with variations in the mechanical loading and morphology of whole bones.
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Zhou, Bin, Ji Wang, Arnav Sanyal, Aaron J. Fields, Hong Wang, Tony M. Keaveny, Baohua Ji, X. Sherry Liu, and X. Edward Guo. "Individual Trabecula Segmentation (ITS)-Based Plate-Rod Microstructural Finite Element Model Predicts Nonlinear Mechanical Properties of Human Trabecular Bone." In ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80652.

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Osteoporosis is a major bone disease characterized by low bone mass and microarchitecture deterioration, which affects primarily trabecular sites and leads to increased bone fragility. Trabecular bone mechanical properties have direct relations with bone fragility. High-resolution image based-finite element (FE) models with the detailed 3D microstructure have been widely utilized to assess the mechanical properties of trabecular bone. Voxel-based FE model can be generated by converting individual voxels of high resolution bone images into 8-node brick elements. A number of studies have compared mechanical properties predicted by the voxel model with those by mechanical testing and have demonstrated that the voxel FE model can accurately predict the Young’s modulus and yield strength of human trabecular bone (1). However, the computational expense of the voxel-based technique, in general, limits its clinical applications, especially the nonlinear analysis for whole bone strength. Thus, it is not applicable to apply this technique to clinical use with the respect of current computer capability. There is apparent need for an alternative modeling approach that is more computationally efficient while preserving the accuracy of the predictions.
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Ni, Qingwen, and Daniel P. Nicolella. "Non-Invasive NMR Characterization of Cortical Bone Microdamage." In ASME 2001 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2001/bed-23028.

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Abstract Bone damage occurs as a result of repetitive loading in-vivo [1] and has been implicated as a contributing factor governing bone fragility in diseases such as osteoporosis and in repetitive loading injuries such as stress fractures. In response to damage or microcracks in-vivo, healthy bone will self-repair by removing the damaged bone and replacing it with newly formed bone [2]. However, when the rate of damage accumulation is greater than the rate of repair in healthy bone, a fracture may result.
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Yeni, Yener N., Christopher U. Brown, and Timothy L. Norman. "Fracture Toughness of Cortical Bone From the Femur Correlates With Radiogrammetrical Parameters in the Elderly." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-0136.

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Abstract This investigation examined the relationship between fracture toughness, the ability of bone to prevent crack initiation, and the Cortical index and Singh index, clinical measures used to assess bone quality. Fracture toughness had significant relationships with both Cortical index and Singh index measurements supporting the use of fracture toughness as a clinically relevant research tool for studying bone fragility.
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Reports on the topic "Bone fragility"

1

Jepsen, Karl J. Bone Geometry as a Predictor of Tissue Fragility and Stress Fracture Risk. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada444890.

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Jepsen, Karl J. Bone Geometry as a Predictor of Tissue Fragility and Stress Fracture Risk. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada433059.

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Xiang, Kemeng, Huiming Hou, and Ming Zhou. The efficacy of Cerus and Cucumis Polypeptide injection combined with Bisphosphonates on postmenopausal women with osteoporosis:A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.5.0067.

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Review question / Objective: The aim of this review is to evaluate the effectiveness of Cerus and Cucumis Polypeptide injection combined with Bisphosphonates for postmenopausal osteoporosis. Condition being studied: Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) is a disorder of bone metabolism caused by estrogen deficiency in women after menopause, which manifests clinically as pain, spinal deformities and even fragility fractures, affecting the quality of life of patients and possibly shortening their life span. Bisphosphonates are commonly used to control and delay the progression of the disease, improve the patient's symptoms and reduce the incidence of fragility fractures. However, single drugs are still lacking in controlling the progression of the disease, and the combination of drugs is the clinical priority.
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Falato, Antonio, Itay Goldstein, and Ali Hortaçsu. Financial Fragility in the COVID-19 Crisis: The Case of Investment Funds in Corporate Bond Markets. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w27559.

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5

Arif, Muhammad, Muhammad Abubakr Naeem, Saqib Farid, Rabindra Nepal, and Tooraj Jamasb. Diversifier or More? Hedge and Safe Haven Properties of Green Bonds During COVID-19. Copenhagen School of Energy Infrastructure, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22439/csei.pb.010.

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The COVID-19 pandemic represents a global case of the fragility of the financial markets and vulnerability of natural disasters and exceptional risks. Against the backdrop of the COVID-19 pandemic, this study explores the ‘hedging’ and ‘safe-haven’ potential of green bonds for conventional equity, fixed income, commodity, and forex investments. Our results show that the green bond index could serve as a diversifier asset for medium- and long-term equity investors. It can also serve as a hedging and safe haven instrument for currency and commodity investments. This study is the first to provide evidence on the hedging and safe-haven potential of green bonds during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our findings imply that green bonds could play a constructive role in global financial recovery efforts without compromising the low-carbon transition targets as they can also be a source of finance for green energy.
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