Relevant bibliographies by topics / Bone(s)

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Bone(s)'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 5 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Bone(s)"

1

Sandhu, MS, V. Ojili, and RK Kaza. "PrimaryEwing′s sarcomaof occipital bone." Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging 16, no. 3 (2006): 353. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0971-3026.29015.

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Fraser, William D. "Paget??s disease of bone." Current Opinion in Rheumatology 9, no. 4 (1997): 347–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00002281-199707000-00013.

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Papapoulos, Socrates E. "Paget?s Disease of Bone." Medicine 29, no. 12 (2001): 71–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1383/medc.29.12.71.28508.

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Oldenburg, C. W. "Corticotomie: Bone (s)carvingmet botaugmentatie." Tandartspraktijk 33, no. 2 (2012): 4–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12496-012-0016-7.

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Seeman, Ego. "Bone??s material and structural strength." Current Opinion in Orthopaedics 18, no. 5 (2007): 494–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/bco.0b013e3282a9c162.

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NEFF, JAMES R. "Nonmetastatic Ewing??s Sarcoma of Bone." Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research &NA;, no. 204 (1986): 111???118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003086-198603000-00011.

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GROSS, STEPHEN B., WILLIAM W. ROBERTSON, BEVERLY J. LANGE, NANCY J. BUNIN, and DENIS s. DRUMMOND. "Primary Hodgkin??s Disease of Bone." Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research &NA;, no. 283 (1992): 276???280. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003086-199210000-00040.

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VAN VALENBERG, PETER L., and FRANS H. CORSTENS. "Hunter??s Shoulder in Bone Imaging." Clinical Nuclear Medicine 13, no. 1 (1988): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003072-198801000-00020.

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KRANE, STEPHEN M., and LEE S. SIMON. "Metabolic Consequences of Bone Turnover in Paget??s Disease of Bone." Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research &NA;, no. 217 (1987): 26???36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003086-198704000-00005.

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Custis, K. "97. Bone densitometry ??? a technician??s view." Nuclear Medicine Communications 13, no. 4 (1992): 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006231-199204000-00099.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bone(s)"

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Schimek, Regina Louise. "Does Relative Energy in Sport Undermine Bone Health?" Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/31883.

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Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S) is a term expanded from the female athlete triad the is inclusive to males and females and the negative physiological symptoms impacting athlete health and performance from low energy availability. Bone health is one of the ten health consequences of RED-S. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate RED-S in female and male collegiate athletes and determine if there is an association with bone health. Thirteen participants completed an electronic survey containing the LEAF-Q and EAT-26, a three-day food diary and exercise log, and a DXA scan. Energy intake and exercise expenditure was analyzed using an ESHA food analysis processor. Participants at risk for RED-S had higher occurrences of injuries (p<0.022) and lower Z-scores (p<0.063) than those not at risk for RED-S. In conclusion, athletes at risk for RED-S may have higher occurrences of injuries and lower bone mineral density.
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Hillebrand, Ina Dorothea [Verfasser], S. [Akademischer Betreuer] Rohbach, and S. [Akademischer Betreuer] Felix. "Kardioprotektive Effekte des Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 im Herzinfarktmodell der Maus / Ina Dorothea Hillebrand. Betreuer: S. Rohbach ; S. Felix." Halle, Saale : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1025230833/34.

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Kassem, Ali. "Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and inflammatory bone modeling." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för odontologi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-110296.

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Patients with inflammatory or infectious conditions such as periodontitis, peri-implantitis, osteomyelitis, rheumatoid arthritis, septic arthritis and loosened joint prosthesis display varying severity of destruction in the adjacent bone tissue. Bone loss in inflammatory diseases is considered a consequence of cytokine induced RANKL and subsequent enhanced osteoclast formation. Hence, osteotropic cytokines and their receptors have been suggested to be important for the pathogenesis of inflammation-induced osteolysis. It is, here, suggested that bacterial components, so called “pathogen associated molecular patterns=PAMPs”, may also be involved. Varieties of cells express receptors for PAMPs, including Toll-like receptors (TLRs) which are the first line of defence in the innate immune system. LPS (lipopolysaccharide), fimbria and lipoproteins from pathogenic bacteria such as P. gingivalis, S. aureus are ligands for TLR2 and flagellin from pathogenic flagellated bacteria like S. typhimurium is a ligand for TLR5.   Since the susceptibility to, or the severity of inflammation-associated bone diseases are likely related to differences in the tissue response, and the mechanisms by which PAMPs interact with bone cells are not fully understood, we aimed to elucidate the importance of different TLRs for inflammation induced bone loss by conducting in vitro and in vivo investigations. Activation of TLR2 and TLR5 in organ cultured mouse parietal bones increased bone resorption in a time- and concentration-dependent manner by a process inhibited by OPG and bisphosphonate, showing the crucial role of RANKL-induced osteoclast formation. In addition, the number of osteoclasts, expression of osteoclastic genes and osteoclastogenic transcription factors were increased. In the bones and in osteoblasts isolated from the bones, TLR2 agonists increased the expression of RANKL without affecting OPG, while TLR5 activation resulted in enhanced RANKL and decreased OPG. Activation of both TLR2 and TLR5 stimulated the expression in both bones and osteoblasts of prostaglandins and pro-inflammatory cytokines, known to stimulate RANKL. By blocking the cytokines and prostaglandin, we showed that TLR2 and TLR5 induced bone resorption and RANKL expression are independent of these molecules. Activation of TLR2, but not TLR5, in mouse bone marrow macrophage cultures inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclast formation, an effect not observed in committed pre-osteoclasts. Local administration in vivo of TLR2 and TLR5 agonists on the top of mouse skull bones enhanced local and systemic osteoclast formation and bone resorption. Using knockout mice, we showed that the effects by LPS from P. gingivalis (used as TLR2 agonist) and flagellins (used as TLR5 agonists) are explicit for TLR2 and TLR5 ex vivo and in vivo, respectively. These data show that stimulation of TLR2 and TLR5 results in bone resorption in vitro and in vivo mediated by increased RANKL in osteoblasts and thus may be one mechanism for developing inflammatory bone loss. Interestingly, histological analyses of skull bones of mice treated locally with TLR2 and TLR5 agonists revealed that the bones not only reacted with locally increased osteoclastogenesis (osteoclast formation), but also with locally increased new bone formation. This was observed on both periosteal and endosteal sides of the bones, as well as in the bone marrow compartment. The formation of new bone was seen close to osteoclasts in some parts, but also in other areas, distant from these cells. The response was associated with active, cuboidal osteoblasts, extensive cell proliferation and increased expression of genes coding for bone matrix proteins and osteoblastic transcription factors. In conclusion, activation of TLR2 and TLR5 in osteoblasts results in bone loss associated with enhanced osteoclast formation and bone resorption, as well as with increased osteoblast differentiation and new bone formation, indicating that inflammation causes bone modeling. The data provide an explanation why LPS from P. gingivalis and flagellin from flagella-expressing bacteria can stimulate bone loss. Since TLR2 and TLR5 can be activated not only by bacterial components, but also by endogenous ligands produced in inflammatory processes, the data also contribute to the understanding of inflammation induced bone loss in autoimmune diseases. Hopefully, these findings will contribute to the development of treatment strategies for inflammation induced bone loss.
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Hellström, Hans-Olov. "Bone and Aluminium." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Surgical Sciences, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-8181.

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Osteoporosis is a major health care problem, by reason of its devastating consequences, in particular hip fractures. Worldwide it has been estimated that the incidence of hip fracture will increase to more than 6 million per year by 2050 compared to 1.7 million per year in 1990. Osteoporosis can be caused by various factors namely, genetic, lifestyle and environmental factors, and since the rising incidence of its consequences is not fully explained by the growing age of the population, there is an urgent need to identify individual causal factors of this condition.

The present research has focused on aluminium, one potential environmental factor of importance for bone disease, and its possible relation to osteoporosis, since it is known to cause osteoporosis-like bone disease and has been associated with induction of progressive central nervous system diseases.

Aluminium is the third most common element in the earth’s crust and the most abundant metal (8%). It is widely utilized industrially and it is also naturally present in many foods. Although aluminium is ubiquitous in the human environment, evolution has not given it an essential biological function.

The aluminium content of bone was measured by inductively coupled mass spectrometry in a large group of patients suffering from hip fractures, high energy fractures and osteoarthrosis. An exponential increase in aluminium content of bone with age was found (p=0.0004). However, no significant association of aluminium in bone with occurrence of hip fracture or dementia could be found, and no indirect evidence was obtained, e.g. through bone mineral density or biomechanical properties, that aluminium is involved in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. Although we accumulate aluminium in bone throughout our lives, and there are experimental suggestions that aluminium induces premature cell death, the body content of this metal does not seem to influence the overall mortality risk.

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Khoo, Melissa Li Meng Clinical School St Vincent's Hospital Faculty of Medicine UNSW. "In Vitro and In Vivo neuronal differentiation capacity of human adult bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Clinical School - St Vincent's Hospital, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/44840.

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Discovery of the ability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to differentiate into cells of non-mesodermal tissues, particularly neuronal cells, have raised the possibility of utilising MSCs in regenerative/reparative therapies for neurological disorders. However, a number of hurdles remain to be resolved. This thesis aims to address some of these issues by investigating the characteristics of bone marrow-derived human MSCs (hMSCs) during long-term culture, the potential of hMSCs to differentiate in vitro toward the neuronal lineage under the influence of cytokines, and the effects of intracerebral transplantation in the hemiparkinsonian rat model. During expansion culture hMSCs were found to display the expected characteristics of MSC populations, and also constitutively expressed neural and pluripotency markers simultaneously with mesodermal markers. Analysis of hMSC long-term subcultivation revealed an optimal period for commencing neuronal differentiation (first 6-8 passages), and also showed the absence of spontaneous neural differentiation. Application of neural-inducing cytokines and culture conditions resulted in the generation of an immature neuronal-like phenotype by hMSCs. Through live cell microscopy it was demonstrated for the first time that cytokine-based hMSC neuronal differentiation occurs through active and dynamic cellular processes involving outgrowth and motility of cellular extensions. In addition, single- and multiple-stage cytokine-based strategies for inducing dopaminergic neuronal-like cells from hMSCs were investigated. These studies revealed that FGF-2 and EGF exerted the greatest benefits for hMSC neuronal differentiation. Undifferentiated and neuronal-primed hMSCs were transplanted intracerebrally into the striatum and substantia nigra of cyclosporine-treated hemiparkinsonian rats. Grafted hMSCs could be clearly identified at 1-day and 7-days post-transplantation; however, grafts were gradually lost over time, with complete absence by 21-days. Co-transplantation with olfactory ensheathing cells, neuronal-priming prior to grafting, and nigral as well as striatal grafting could not provide engraftment and differentiation advantages. Immunohistological analysis demonstrated the presence of innate inflammatory responses (microglia and astrocyte activation) at graft sites, fibronectin deposition by hMSCs, and lack of endogenous host neurogenesis. The results of my PhD work indicate that cytokine-based culture methods are capable of differentiating hMSCs to an immature neuronal-like phenotype, and host-mediated innate inflammatory responses may be a key contributing factor for the failure of in vivo hMSC engraftment.
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Weickert, Marie-Theresa [Verfasser], Katharina S. [Akademischer Betreuer] Götze, Katharina S. [Gutachter] Götze, and Bernhard [Gutachter] Küster. "The Role of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Myelodysplastic Syndrome and Acute Myeloid Leukemia / Marie-Theresa Weickert ; Gutachter: Katharina S. Götze, Bernhard Küster ; Betreuer: Katharina S. Götze." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1235139565/34.

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Godavarthy, Parimala Sonika [Verfasser], Daniela S. [Akademischer Betreuer] Krause, Marschalek [Gutachter] Rolf, and Daniela S. [Gutachter] Krause. "The vascular bone marrow niche influences outcome in chronic myeloid leukaemia via the E-selectin - SCL/TAL1 - CD44 axis / Parimala Sonika Godavarthy ; Gutachter: Marschalek Rolf, Daniela S. Krause ; Betreuer: Daniela S. Krause." Frankfurt am Main : Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1207542229/34.

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Karadas, Ozge. "Collagen Scaffolds With In Situ Grown Calcium Phosphate For Osteogenic Differentiation Of Wharton." Master's thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612975/index.pdf.

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COLLAGEN IN SITU GROWN CALCIUM PHOSPHATE SCAFFOLDS FOR OSTEOGENIC DIFFERENTIATION OF WHARTON&rsquo
S JELLY AND MENSTRUAL BLOOD STEM CELLS Karadas, Ö
zge M.Sc., Department of Biotechnology Supervisor : Prof. Dr. Vasif Hasirci Co-Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Gamze Torun Kö
se February 2011, 91 pages The importance of developing new techniques for the treatment of bone and joint diseases is increasing continuosly together with the increase of human population and the average life span. Especially bone fractures as a result of osteoporosis are often seen in humans older than 50 years old. The expenses of bone and joint disease operations are very high and the duration of recovery is long. Because of these reasons World Health Organization, The United Nations and 37 countries announced that the years 2000-2010 is the Bone and Joint Decade. Tissue engineering is an alternative approach to clinically applied methods. In this study collagen scaffolds crosslinked with genipin, to improve the stability of foams in culture media, were prepared by lyophilization. To mimic the natural bone structure calcium phosphate mineral phase in the foam was formed by wet chemical precipitation. Collagen concentration (0.75% and 1%, w/v), freezing temperature (-20 oC and -80 oC) of the collagen solution before lyophilization and immersion duration (2x4 h and 2x48 h) of the foams in calcium and phosphate solutions for wet chemical precipitation were changed as process v parameters of foam production. Pore size distribution and porosity analysis as well as compression test were performed for characterization of the scaffolds. The foam with 1% w/v collagen concentration, frozen at -20 oC before lyophilization and immersed for 2x4 h in calcium and phosphate solution was chosen for in vitro cell culture studies. The defined foam had 70% porosity and pore sizes varying between 50 and 200 &mu
m. The elastic modulus and compressive strength of the foam was calculated as 127.1 kPa and 234.5 kPa, respectively. Stem cells isolated from Wharton&rsquo
s jelly (WJ) and menstrual blood (MB) were seeded to foams to compare their osteogenic differentiation. Both cells are isolated from discarded tissues and used in this study as an alternative to the commonly used cells which are isolated by invasive techniques such as bone marrow stem cells. Cells were seeded to collagen foams with and without calcium phosphate (CaP). It was observed that WJ cells proliferated during 21 days on collagen foams without CaP, but MB cell number decreased after day 14. Collagen foams with CaP supported the alkaline phosphate (ALP) activity compared to tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS) and foams without CaP. Contrarily lower cell numbers achieved on CaP containing collagen foams, possibly because of the calcium and phosphate concentration changes in the medium and as the result of osteogenic differentiation. ALP activity of both cell types increased almost 10 times and specific ALP activity (activity per cell) increased 40 times and 150 times for WJ and MB cells, respectively on the CaP containing foams compared to TCPS. Therefore, in this study it was shown that in situ CaP formed collagen foams induce osteogenic differentiation of WJ and MB cells, and these cells isolated from discarded tissues can be used as alternative cell sources in bone tissue engineering applications.
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Dieckmeyer, Michael [Verfasser], Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] Baum, Dimitrios C. [Gutachter] Karampinos, Jan S. [Gutachter] Kirschke, and Thomas [Gutachter] Baum. "Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy of Vertebral Bone Marrow: Addressing Confounding Effects in the Measurement of Fat Fraction and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient / Michael Dieckmeyer ; Gutachter: Dimitrios C. Karampinos, Jan S. Kirschke, Thomas Baum ; Betreuer: Thomas Baum." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1201086248/34.

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Shukeir, Nicholas. "Molecular mechanism(s) of prostate cancer progression : potential of therapeutic modalities." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=115853.

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Prostate cancer remains one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers in men and is a leading cause of cancer death. While great success has been achieved at curing early stage prostate cancer, limited success has been obtained when treating late-stage hormone independent prostate cancer. This is due to the increased propensity for skeletal and non-skeletal metastases. Thus development of novel effective therapeutic modalities against late stage prostate cancer is of critical importance.
Towards these objectives, I have focused my attention on the role of prostate secretory protein (PSP-94) which is expressed in normal individuals and in patients with early stage prostate cancer. Using our well established in vivo models of prostate cancer, I have evaluated the ability of PSP-94 and its amino acids 31-45 required (PCK3145) to decrease tumor growth and skeletal metastases in vivo and evaluated the potential mechanism(s) associated with PCK3145 anti-cancer actions.
Prostatic cancer can also develop as a result of epigenetic activation of tumor promoting genes. To evaluate the role of methylation in prostate cancer, late stage prostate cancer cells were treated with the universal methylating agent S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) and an anti-sense oligonucleotide directed against MBD2 (AS). Scrambled oligonucleotide was included as a control (S). Both SAM and MBD2-AS resulted in inhibition in uPA, MMP-2 and VEGF production leading to decreased tumor cell invasive capacity. However, SAM and MBD2-AS were not able to either further repress partially methylated genes (GSTP1) or reactivate already methylated genes (AR). Furthermore, SAM and MBD2-AS treatment resulted in significant reduction in tumor growth in vivo . Immunohistochemical and RT-PCR analyses carried out on SAM and MBD2-AS tumors revealed decreased protein and mRNA expression of uPA and MMP-2 which was partially due to increased methylation of the respective promoters even after 10 weeks post in vitro treatment as analyzed by bisulfate sequencing. In addition decreased levels of angiogenesis and tumor survival markers were observed.
Collectively, these studies are aimed at the development of novel reliable approached to diagnose and treat advanced, hormone refractory prostate cancer to reduce tumor associated morbidity and mortality.
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Books on the topic "Bone(s)"

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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Labor and Human Resources. Organ and Bone Marrow Transplant Program Reauthorization Act of 1995: Report (to accompany S. 1324). U.S. G.P.O., 1996.

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Musyawarah Intern Ummat Beragama Islam se-Sulawesi (1982 Watampone, Indonesia). Laporan Musyawarah Intern Ummat Beragama Islam se-Sulawesi di Watampone, Kab. Bone, Sulawesi Selatan tanggal 6 s/d 9 Zulhijjah 1402 H/24 s/d 27 September 1982. Panita Penyelenggara Musyawarah, 1990.

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Tai, Victoria. The effects of leukotriene Bb4s on osteoclast formation and osteoclastic bone resorption and the role of osteoblastic cells in these processes. National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999.

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Bianchi, Chiara. L letti funerari in osso dalla necropoli di S. Lorenzo. Edizioni Et, 2000.

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Stem Cell Therapeutic and Research Act of 2005: Report (to accompany S. 1317). U.S. G.P.O., 2005.

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United, States Congress Senate Committee on Health Education Labor and Pensions. Stem Cell Therapeutic and Research Act of 2005: Report (to accompany S. 1317). U.S. G.P.O., 2005.

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Ma'dika, Taupan S. Pengaruh media pandang-dengar sistem kepercayaan masyarakat Pangalli di Kabupaten Luwu / oleh Taupan S. Ma'dika. Sistem ekonomi tradisional petani kopi di Kabupaten Tana Toraja / oleh Emiaty Limbonglola. Budaya koperasi masyarakat Ujung Pandang : kasus koperasi pegawai Bank Indonesia / oleh Dra. Hj. Hadriah. Sistem ekonomi perajin pakaian pengantin di Desa Pompanua, Kecamatan Ajangale, Daerah Tingkat II Kabupaten Bone / oleh Dra. Masgaba. Departemen Pendidikan Nasional, Direktorat Jenderal Kebudayaan, Balai Kajian Sejarah dan Nilai Tradisional Makassar, 2001.

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Agrawal, Rahul, and Sonal Modi. Temporal Bone: A Surgeon�s Vision. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp/books/12261.

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Allen, Grant. What\'s Bred in the Bone. Hard Press, 2006.

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Allen, Grant. What\'s Bred in the Bone (Large Print). ReadHowYouWant.com, 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "Bone(s)"

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Reid, J. Spence. "Bone Transport to a Knee Fusion and Secondary Intramedullary Nailing s/p Gunshot Wound." In Limb Lengthening and Reconstruction Surgery Case Atlas. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02767-8_359-1.

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Lesnikov, Vladimir A., Elena N. Isaeva, Elena A. Korneva, and Walter Pierpaoli. "Melatonin Reconstitutes the Decreased CFU-S Content in the Bone Marrow of Hypothalamus-Lesioned Mice." In Role of Melatonin and Pineal Peptides in Neuroimmunomodulation. Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3756-4_25.

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Reid, J. Spence. "Case 22: Bone Transport to a Knee Fusion and Secondary Intramedullary Nailing s/p Gunshot Wound." In Limb Lengthening and Reconstruction Surgery Case Atlas. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18026-7_359.

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Matsushima, Asako, Noriko Kotobuki, Hiroko Machida, Toru Morishita, Yoshinori Takakura, and Hajime Ohgushi. "In Vivo Osteogenic Potential of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Derived from Patient''s Bone Marrow on Hydroxyapatite Ceramics." In Key Engineering Materials. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-422-7.1157.

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Bradley, T. R., I. Bertoncello, A. B. Kriegler, and G. S. Hodgson. "Mouse Bone Marrow Cells Which Require Multiple Growth Factors for Proliferation: Examination of the Effects of Interleukin 1, Serum Factors and Inhibitor(s)." In Experimental Hematology Today—1988. Springer New York, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8862-3_3.

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Seemann, Petra, Stefan Mundlos, and Katarina Lehmann. "Alterations of BMP signaling pathway(s) in skeletal diseases." In Bone Morphogenetic Proteins: From Local to Systemic Therapeutics. Birkhäuser Basel, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7643-8552-1_8.

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Agrawal, Rahul. "Chapter-01 Surface Anatomy." In Temporal Bone: A Surgeon�s Vision. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp/books/11769_1.

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Agrawal, Rahul. "Chapter-10 Translabyrinthine Exposure of the Internal Auditory Canal." In Temporal Bone: A Surgeon�s Vision. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp/books/11769_10.

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Agrawal, Rahul. "Chapter-11 Inside-out Mastoidectomy." In Temporal Bone: A Surgeon�s Vision. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp/books/11769_11.

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Agrawal, Rahul. "Chapter-12 Mastoid Tip Excision." In Temporal Bone: A Surgeon�s Vision. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp/books/11769_12.

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Conference papers on the topic "Bone(s)"

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Prasannavenkadesan, Varatharajan, and Ponnusamy Pandithevan. "Prediction of Cutting Force in Bone Cutting Using Finite Element Analysis." In ASME 2021 16th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2021-63406.

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Abstract In orthopedic surgery, bone cutting is an indispensable procedure followed by the surgeons to treat the fractured and fragmented bones. Because of the unsuitable parameter values used in the cutting processes, micro crack, fragmentation, and thermal osteonecrosis of bone are observed. Therefore, prediction of suitable cutting force is essential to subtract the bone without any adverse effect. In this study, the Cowper-Symonds model for bovine bone was developed for the first time. Then the developed model was coupled with the finite element analysis to predict the cutting force. To determine the model constants, tensile tests with different strain rates (10−5/s, 10−4/s, 10−3/s, and 1/s) were conducted on the cortical bone specimens. The developed material model was implemented in the bone cutting simulation and validated with the experiments.
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Ohta, Makoto, Wataru Sakuma, Toshio Nakayama, et al. "Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis of the Bone Marrow in Cancellous Bone as a Non-Newtonian Fluid." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-67006.

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Stem cells in the bone marrow (BM) are used as regenerative treatment for leukemia. They are usually harvested by puncturing the cancellous bone in the ilium of the donor with a needle. However, this process can cause severe burden to the donor because of its inefficiency; the bone may require 50–100 punctures to obtain enough stem cells. Various factors affect the volume of BM harvested, and their influence can be estimated by observing the flow in the cancellous bone. Recent computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analyses of BM with 3-D reconstruction of the cancellous bone have profiled flow velocity or wall shear stress (WSS) and have shown that some parts on the surface of the cancellous bone have higher WSS and that this high WSS may tear cells from the surface of the bone. CFD analysis may therefore help determining a method for efficient stem cell harvest. However, it is difficult to validate CFD using BM structure because of its porosity. To improve the accuracy of WSS and flow pattern calculations, blood characteristics should be incorporated as key factors and the effects of non-Newtonian flow and viscosity on the flow patterns evaluated. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate CFD analyses of BM in the cancellous bone based on flow where viscosity depended on the shear rate. BM from porcine ilium bones was extracted, and the viscosities of samples, with or without anti-clotting medications, were measured at various shear rates. 3-D reconstruction of the cancellous bone was performed using micro-CT after removing BM and fat from the bone. The resolution of the reconstruction was 11.7 μm per pixel, which was sufficient to reconstruct the porous structure. The size of the bone sample was 2.5 × 2.5 × 3.5 mm. The number of mesh was approximately 4.3 million. CFD analyses were performed using 3-D reconstruction and viscosity profile at three pressure differences (5, 7, and 10 kPa). Constant pressure was applied in the outlet. The viscosity of BM could be divided into three shear rate ranges. The first corresponded with a shear rate over 100 1/s, where the viscosity was constant at less than 0.01 Pa·s. Transient curves were observed for shear rates 0.01–100 1/s. At lower shear rates, the viscosity was again constant, at over 105 Pa·s. These changes were higher than the changes in blood viscosity based on the shear rate. The CFD analyses showed that the results depended on the inlet pressure. When the pressure difference was 10 kPa, the viscosity change almost disappeared, and the velocity profile was similar to that of Newtonian flow. When the pressure difference was 5 or 7 kPa, changes in viscosity and completely changed flow patterns were observed. The WSS profile also changed with the velocity profile. Therefore, pressure can be a major factor in the velocity profile of BM in the cancellous bone. Effects of non-Newtonian flow on velocity and WSS profiles were observed under an appropriate pressure difference.
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3

Rai, Durg V., and Harcharan Singh Ranu. "Ovariectomy and its Antioxidative Effect on Bone." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-40581.

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Ovarian hormone deficiency increases the generation of reactive oxygen species. Oxidative stress due to reactive oxygen species (ROS) can cause oxidative damage to cells. Cells have a number of defense mechanisms to protect themselves from the toxicity of ROS. There is increasing evidence of the role of free radicals in bone resorption and bone loss. Ovariectomised female wistar rats had been used as the animal model for the study of osteoporosis. Even though, there are studies portraying the role of free radicals in bone loss, the defense mechanism adapted by bone in ovariectomised animals remains obscure. So, the impact of ovariectomy on the bone antioxidant system in rats was investigated. Twenty female wistar rats were taken and divided into two groups: ovariectomised and control. It had been found that a significant (p&lt;0.001) decrease in the activity of various enzymes like CAT (catalase), SOD (superoxide dismutase) (p&lt;0.001), GST (glutathione-s-transferase). However, an increase in the malondialdehyde levels was found to be 30% in the ovariectomised rats as compared to the controls. Thus the study elucidates the oxidative stress in bone under ovariectomy.
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4

Bosch, C., S. Lublinsky, S. Xu, E. Ozcivici, and S. Judex. "Bone’s mechanical properties, as determined by MicroCT, are dependent on precise contour lines." In 2007 IEEE 33rd Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nebc.2007.4413314.

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5

Coates, Cameron, Camille Coates-Clark, and Mykal Woody. "Post Healing Structural Response of an Internal Fixation System for a Mid-Shaft Radius Fracture." In ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-41600.

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Inexpensive models of the radius with and without an internal fixation system for a mid-shaft fracture are developed and analyzed using the Finite Element Method (FEM). FE models are based on geometry obtained from simple yet effective manufacturing methods. Median trabecular and cortical bone mechanical properties for a healthy adult male are used in the FEM model. These models are used to quantify the changes in bone stresses that occur when internal fixation devices are retained after the fracture has healed. The linear static responses to tensile and torsional loads with and without bone plates are examined. The static response trends obtained agree reasonably well with current literature where more expensive modeling techniques were used. A fatigue analysis is also performed based on the FE static results coupled with S-N curves for the plate and bone material in order to predict the combined mechanical response of the bone plate system over time. Recommendations are suggested which may be used as additional guidelines to consider for bone plate system selection and determination of hardware removal.
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6

Pak, Rebecca, Sara E. Campbell, Rachel C. Paietta, and Virginia L. Ferguson. "Distribution of Nanomechanical Properties and Mineralization of the Osteochondral Interface in the Femoral Head." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53345.

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Stiff vertebral bone and compliant hyaline articular cartilage (HAC) anchor together through a thin (∼100’s of microns) region of articular calcified cartilage (ACC). This bone–cartilage, or osteochondral (OC), interface may play a role in osteoarthritis pathogenesis through increased mineralization, disrupting loading, and damaging neighboring tissues [1,2]. Load transmission through OC regions is poorly understood, thus limiting understanding of disease progression and ability to engineer OC interface-like tissues [3].
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7

El-Jawahri, Raed E., Tony R. Laituri, and Jesse Ruan. "Further Validation of the Head in the Ford Human Body FE Model." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-62172.

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The head in the Ford human body model (FHBM) was previously validated against impact test data involving post mortem human subjects (PMHS). The objective of the current study was to further validate the head model against more PMHS tests. The data included the following published tests: rigid bar impact to the forehead, zygoma, and maxilla (2.5–4.2 m/s), lateral pendulum impact (5.7 m/s), and front pendulum impact to the frontal bone, nasal bone, and maxilla (2.2 m/s). The responses from the model were compared to available published cadaveric response corridors and to various cadaveric responses. When compared to the cadaveric response corridors, the responses from the model were within those corridors. In addition, the model responses demonstrated acceptable fidelity with respect to the test data. The head injury criterion (HIC15), strain, and stress values from the model were also reported.
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8

Jaecques, Siegfried V. N., Els De Smet, Luiza Muraru, et al. "Peri-Implant Bone Adaptation Under Dynamic Mechanical Stimulation: The Guinea Pig Model." In ASME 7th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2004-58582.

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The present work is part of a larger project to analyse adaptive bone remodelling around implants that receive controlled mechanical stimulation immediately post-operatively. Percutaneous implants in the tibiae of guinea pigs are used as an implant model [1]. For evaluation, microfocus computed tomography (μCT) can be used to complement or partially substitute conventional histology [2]. In the studied model implant system, μCT-based histomorphometry can be used as a substitute for histology in regions at a distance of more than 1000 μm from the titanium implant. Within this limitation, a significant effect of mechanical stimulation can be observed also under in vivo μCT conditions. The optimally osteogenic stimulus in the studied model should cause a strain rate amplitude of 1600 microstrain/s or less in the cortical bone at a distance of 2.3 mm from the implant centre. Future work will include a detailed study of strains in the peri-implant bone with in vivo micro CT-based finite element models.
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9

Kwon, Ronald Y., Sara Temiyasathit, Padmaja Tummala, Clarence Quah, and Christopher R. Jacobs. "Primary Cilia Mediate Intracellular cAMP Responses in Bone Cells Exposed to Dynamic Fluid Flow." In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-192511.

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It is well accepted that fluid flow is an important mechanical signal in regulating bone structure and function. Primary cilia, which are non-motile, microtubule based organelles that extend from the centrosome and project into extracellular space in many cell types, have recently been shown to mediate fluid flow-induced osteogenic responses in MLO-Y4 osteocyte-like cells [1]. However, primary cilia did not mediate increases in intracellular Ca2+ concentration, and the second messenger system(s) involved in primary cilia-mediated mechanosensing has yet to be elucidated. In this study, our goals were to (1) determine whether exposing bone cells to oscillatory fluid flow modulates intracellular levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), another ubiquitous second messenger molecule, and (2) investigate whether this modulation may be mediated by primary cilia.
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10

Parandoush, Pedram, Hanxiong Fan, Xiaolei Song, and Dong Lin. "Laser Surface Engineering of Hierarchy Hydroxyapatite Aerogel for Bone Tissue Engineering." In ASME 2017 12th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference collocated with the JSME/ASME 2017 6th International Conference on Materials and Processing. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2017-3035.

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Bioceramics with porous microstructure has attracted intense attention in tissue engineering due to tissue growth facilitation in the human body. In the present work, a novel manufacturing process for producing hydroxyapatite (HA) aerogels with a high density shell inspired by human bone microstructure is proposed for bone tissue engineering applications. This method combines laser processing and traditional freeze casting in which HA aerogel is prepared by freeze casting and aqueous suspension prior to laser processing of the aerogel surface with a focused CO2 laser beam that forms a dense layer on top of the porous microstructure. Using the proposed method, HA aerogel with dense shell was successfully prepared with a microstructure similar to human bone. The effect of laser process parameters on surface and cross-sectional morphology and microstructure was investigated in order to obtain optimum parameters and have a better understanding of the process. Low laser energy resulted in fragile surface with defects and cracks due to low temperature and inability of laser to fully melt the surface while high laser energy caused thermal damage both to surface and microstructure. The range of 40–45 W laser power, 5 mm/s scanning speed, spot size of 1 mmm and 50 % overlap in laser scanning the surface yielded the best surface morphology and micro structure in our experiments.
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