Academic literature on the topic 'Bones Diseases – Exercise therapy'

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Journal articles on the topic "Bones Diseases – Exercise therapy"

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Chechelnitskaya, S. M., A. V. Baerbach, D. V. Zhuk, V. A. Nikulin, A. G. Rumyantsev, and Yu V. Saraikin. "PERSONALIZED PHYSICAL REHABILITATION OF CHILDREN WITH CANCER." Pediatria. Journal named after G.N. Speransky 100, no. 3 (May 28, 2021): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.24110/0031-403x-2021-100-3-61-69.

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The aim of the research is to study the feasibility and effectiveness of partner medicine programs conducted in full-time and part-time mode in rehabilitation of children with cancer. Materials and methods of research: the article presents a program of physical rehabilitation of children treated for oncological diseases (OD), developed at the Russkoe Pole Medical and Rehabilitation Scientific Center, based on the personal approach and partnerships between the child's family and specialists. The personal approach is based on data of instrumental examination of the actual physical condition of the child and the predicted risks of late toxic complications: somatometry, assessment of energy costs and exercise tolerance, Biomechanical examination of the locomotor apparatus, functional diagnostics of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. Based on the results, a personal physical rehabilitation program was developed. The process of physical rehabilitation was carried out in a cyclic mode: a hospital period for examination, development of a personal program and implementation training (2 weeks), an inter-hospital period of independent studies with remote support of a doctor and exercise therapy methodologists (from 6 to 12 months). The effectiveness of the developed model was assessed according to three criteria: satisfaction of parents with participation in the program (questionnaire), adherence to recommended physical activity (questionnaire), and assessment of basic mobility (Terrenkur test). The rehabilitation protocol was tested in 135 children aged 6–18 years with hemoblastosis, brain tumors, solid tumors, malignant tumors of bones and skeletal muscles: 61 boys (45,2%) and 74 girls (54,8%). The average age of the participants was 12,6±3,4 years. Results: participation in the program increased parents' confidence in their own ability to help their child with physical exercises at home and formed their willingness to continue the course at home. After discharge, 76% of families followed the recommendations for at least 2 months, 46% additionally applied to recommended organizations for adaptive exercise. Within a period of three months, all families who continue to practice independently have sought advice from exercise therapy methodologists. For three months of home exercises all children adhering to the recommendations have demonstrated an increase in basic mobility. Conclusion: the study confirmed the advisability and desirability for parents of patients to partner with a team of specialists.
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Guo, Ying, An Thuy Ngo-Huang, and Jack B. Fu. "Perspectives on Spinal Precautions in Patients Who Have Cancer and Spinal Metastasis." Physical Therapy 100, no. 3 (February 10, 2020): 554–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ptj/pzz178.

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Abstract Bones are the third most common site for cancer metastases, and the axial skeleton is the most frequent skeletal location. In a postmortem study, bone metastases were reported in 70% of breast and prostate cancer patients. Bone metastases from breast, lung, prostate, thyroid, and kidney cancers account for 80% of all bone metastases. Bone lesions exist in 60% of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients. With increasing numbers of people who have survived cancer, many patients with cancer and axial skeletal bony metastases will be seen by physical and occupational therapists. Guidelines are lacking on how to perform physical examinations and provide exercise programs for these patients without compromising the diseased spine. In this article, we discuss the available evidence for similar spinal conditions, the biomechanics of spinal load, and changes associated with posture and weight load. We provide recommendations on how to assess a patient’s strength, how to strengthen without compromising the diseased spine, and how to teach patients to use correct body mechanics during mobility and activities of daily living.
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Jepson, Paul D. "Exercise for Strong Bones." Physiotherapy 88, no. 8 (August 2002): 506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-9406(05)60856-5.

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Drinkwater, Barbara L. "Exercise and Bones: Lessons Learned from Female Athletes." American Journal of Sports Medicine 24, no. 6_suppl (November 1996): S33—S35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/036354659602406s09.

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Sundelin, Gunnevi. "Exercise as therapy in chronic diseases." Advances in Physiotherapy 8, no. 2 (January 2006): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14038190600830513.

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Kujala, U. M. "Benefits of exercise therapy for chronic diseases." British Journal of Sports Medicine 40, no. 1 (January 1, 2006): 3–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2005.021717.

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Abraham, Avron. "Exercise for Preventing Common Diseases." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 32, no. 7 (July 2000): 1363. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200007000-00026.

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SAKAMOTO, SHIZUO, YOSHIKO NAKAJIMA, KENKI TANAKA, KUNIHIKO AIZAWA, YOKO TANAKA, and TOSHIHIKO IIJIMA. "The exercise therapy to diseases of internal medicine." Juntendo Medical Journal 44, no. 3 (1998): 231–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.14789/pjmj.44.231.

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Yung, Lai Ming, Ismail Laher, Xiaoqiang Yao, Zhen Yu Chen, Yu Huang, and Fung Ping Leung. "Exercise, Vascular Wall and Cardiovascular Diseases." Sports Medicine 39, no. 1 (2009): 45–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200939010-00004.

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Davletiyarova, K. V., L. V. Kapilevich, V. L. Soltanova, Ye B. Baranova, and V. I. Andreyev. "Adaptation possibilities of students going to exercise therapy." Bulletin of Siberian Medicine 10, no. 3 (June 28, 2011): 116–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.20538/1682-0363-2011-3-116-119.

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The cardiointervalography method was used to study adaptation possibilities of students with vascular heart diseases and diseases of musculoskeletal system going to exercise therapy. The physical training organization with use exercise therapy favors the adaptation and functional reserve improvement, and the effect is more in 1st year study students with vascular heart diseases.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bones Diseases – Exercise therapy"

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Liang, Chao. "Aptamer-functionalized lipid nanoparticles targeting osteoblasts as a novel RNA Interference-based bone anabolic strategy." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2016. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/325.

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Osteoporosis remain major clinical challenges. RNA interference (RNAi) provides a promising approach for promoting osteoblastic bone formation to settle the challenges. However, the major bottleneck for translating RNAi with efficacy and safety to clinical bone anabolic strategy is lack of osteoblast-specific delivery systems for osteogenic siRNAs. Previously, we developed a targeting system involving DOTAP-based cationic liposomes attached to oligopeptides (AspSerSer)6, (also known as (DSS)6), which had good affinity for bone formation surface. Using this system, osteogenic Pleckstrin Homology Domain Containing, Family O Member 1 (Plekho1) siRNA could be specifically delivered to bone formation surface at tissue level and promoted bone formation in osteopenic rodents. However, concerns still exist regarding indirect osteoblast-specific delivery, detrimental retention in hepatocytes, mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS)-induced dose reduction and inefficient nanoparticle extravasation. Aptamers, selected by cell-based Systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (cell-SELEX), are single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) or RNA which binds to target cells specifically by distinct tertiary structures. By performing positive selection with osteoblasts and negative selection with hepatocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), we aimed to screen an aptamer that could achieve direct osteoblast-specific delivery and minimal hepatocyte and PBMCs accumulation of Plekho1 siRNAs. In addition, lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have been widely used as nanomaterials encapsulating siRNA due to their small particle size below 90 nm. Polyethylene glycol¡(PEG) as the mostly used hydrophilic polymer, could efficiently prevent LNPs from MPS uptake. So, LNPs with PEG shielding could serve as siRNA carriers to realize efficient extravasation from fenestrated capillaries to osteoblasts and help reduce MPS uptake of the siRNAs. Recently, we screened an aptamer (CH6) by cell-SELEX specifically targeting both rat and human osteoblasts and developed the aptamer-functionalized LNPs encapsulating osteogenic Plekho1 siRNA, i.e., CH6-LNPs-siRNA. Our results demonstrated that CH6-LNPs-siRNA had an average particle size below 90 nm and no significant cytotoxicity in vitro. CH6 aptamer facilitated osteoblast-selective uptake of Plekho1 siRNA and gene silencing in vitro. In this study, we further found that CH6 aptamer facilitated the bone-specific distribution of siRNA by biophotonic imaging and quantitative analysis. Immunohistochemistry results showed that CH6 achieved in vivo osteoblast-specific delivery of Plekho1 siRNA. Dose-response experiment indicated that CH6-LNPs-siRNA achieved almost 80% gene knockdown at the siRNA dose of 1.0 mg/kg and maintained 12 days for over 50% gene silencing. microCT, bone histomorphometry and mechanical testing confirmed that CH6 facilitated bone formation, leading to improved bone micro-architecture, increased bone mass and enhanced mechanical properties in osteoporotic rodents. Furthermore, CH6-LNPs-siRNA achieved better bone anabolic action when compared to the previously developed (AspSerSer)6-liposome-siRNA. There was no obvious toxicity in rats injected with CH6-LNPs-siRNA. All these results indicated that osteoblast-specific aptamer-functionalized LNPs could act as a novel RNAi-based bone anabolic strategy and advance selectivity of targeted delivery for osteogenic siRNAs from tissue level toward cellular level. In addition, the generation of ssDNA from double-stranded PCR products is an essential step in selection of aptamers in SELEX. We found that the size separation derived from unequal primers with chemical modification could be a satisfactory alternative to the classic magnetic separation.
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Baril, Jacinthe. "Interaction between circulatory and respiratory exercise adaptation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and chronic heart failure (CHF)." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=97901.

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and chronic heart failure (CHF) patients show a marked reduction in exercise capacity compared to that of healthy age-matched individuals. While inadequate gas exchange and resulting hypoxemia appears as the primary factor in COPD, an impaired cardiac output is the predominant explanation for the reduced oxygen delivery in CHF. However, the extent of the contributions of other systemic factors remains unclear. In light of the potential interactions between cardiac output (Qc) and pulmonary hyperinflation, there is surprisingly little data thus far on ventilatory constraints in CHF and on the role of blood flow delivery in COPD which may further limit the exercise capacity. Thus, the purpose of this study was to compare the slope of the Qc versus oxygen uptake (VO2) response through several submaximal cycling loads in patients with moderately severe COPD and with that of moderate to severe CHF patients as well as age-matched healthy control subjects (CTRL). Also examined was the possibility that ventilatory constraints such as dynamic hyperinflation contribute to an abnormal stroke volume response in both diseases. Cardiac output was measured using the CO 2-rebreathing equilibrium technique during baseline conditions and cycling at 20, 40 and 65% of peak power in 17 COPD (Age: 64 +/- 8 yrs; FEV 1/FVC: 37 +/- 11%; FEV1: 41 +/- 15 % predicted), 10 CHF (Age: 57+/- 10 yrs; FEV1/FVC: 73.8 +/- 5.6%; FEV 1: 93 +/- 13% predicted) and 10 age-matched CTRL subjects. Inspiratory capacity (IC) was also measured for the determination of dynamic hyperinflation during the steady state exercise bouts. The results indicate that while the absolute Qc values are lower in COPD and in CHF than in CTRL during 65% peak power cycling (11.30 +/- 2.38 vs 12.40 +/- 2.08 vs 15.63 +/- 2.15 L•min-1 respectively, p < 0.01), likely due to their lower exercise metabolic demand. The Qc/VO2 response to increasing levels of exercise intensity was lower or normal in CHF patients compared to CTRL, while normal or hyperdynamic in most COPD patients. Indeed, the majority of patients with COPD exhibited Qc/VO2 slopes greater than 7.0, which may be indicative of a peripheral muscle bioenergetic disturbance that may drive the need for greater oxygen delivery, and thus result in an exaggerated central circulatory response.
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Dang, Lei. "Osteoblastic PLEKHO1 contributes to joint inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2019. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/687.

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Background: Osteoblasts participating in the inflammation regulation gradually obtain concerns. However, its role in joint inflammation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is largely unknown. Here, we investigated the role of osteoblastic pleckstrin homology domain-containing family O member 1 (PLEKHO1), a negative regulator of osteogenic lineage activity, in regulating joint inflammation in RA. Methods: The level of osteoblastic PLEKHO1 in RA patients and collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice was examined. The role of osteoblastic PLEKHO1 in joint inflammation was evaluated by a CIA mice model which was induced in osteoblast-specific Plekho1 conditional knockout mice and mice expressing high Plekho1 exclusively in osteoblasts, respectively. The effect of osteoblastic PLEKHO1 inhibition was explored in a CIA mice model. The mechanism of osteoblastic PLEKHO1 in regulating joint inflammation was performed by a series of in vitro studies. Results: PLEKHO1 was highly expressed in osteoblasts from RA patients and CIA mice. Osteoblastic Plekho1 deletion ameliorated joint inflammation, whereas overexpressing Plekho1 only within osteoblasts exacerbated local inflammation in CIA mice. PLEKHO1 was required for TNF receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2)-mediated the ubiquitination of receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (RIP1) to activate nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B (NF-kB) pathway for inducing inflammatory cytokines production in osteoblasts. Moreover, osteoblastic PLEKHO1 inhibition improved joint inflammation and attenuated bone formation reduction in CIA mice. Conclusions: These data strongly suggest that highly expressed PLEKHO1 in osteoblasts mediates joint inflammation in RA. Targeting osteoblastic PLEKHO1 may exert dual therapeutic action of alleviating joint inflammation and promoting bone repair in RA.
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Bayliss, Daniel John. "Evaluation of outcomes of a six-month exercise maintenance pulmonary rehabilitation program in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease." Virtual Press, 1999. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1137788.

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To date, there is a scant amount of research on the long-term benefits of exercise training for individuals with moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate standardized outcomes of a six-month maintenance pulmonary rehabilitation program to determine maintenance of functional capacity. Twenty-three subjects (sixteen men, seven women) diagnosed with clinical COPD ages 30-82 (65 + 12 years) participated in the retrospective study. The subjects were referred to an eight-week comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation program after which upon twelve subjects continued onto a maintenance program. Eleven subjects chose not to participate in the maintenance program and were given a home exercise program and were encouraged to remain active. Hemodynamic, functional, and educational measures were taken prior to entry, upon completion of the hospital program, and again six-months post-program. Outcome tests were standardized using the Indiana Society of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation Outcomes Manual. Significant differences were found between the maintenance and non-maintenance groups for systolic blood pressure in resting, exercise, and recovery measures at six monthsreevaluation. Differences in oxygen saturation were also found to reach significance between the two groups during recovery from the six-minute walk test. Interestingly, duration of exercise was found to be statistically significant between the two groups as well as emergency room visits and physician visits within the last six months. The maintenance group tended to have fewer emergency room and physician visits in addition to having self-reported higher durations of exercise. In conclusion, maintenance pulmonary rehabilitation programs have been shown to maintain physical activity levels for COPD patients and as a result, fewer quality of life consequences specifically the number of hospital admissions and emergency room visits.
School of Physical Education
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Kammerlind, Ann-Sofi. "Vestibular rehabilitation therapy in dizziness and disequilibrium /." Linköping : Univ, 2005. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2005/med914s.pdf.

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Roberts, Sherri. "Exercise leader interaction analysis of ACSM rehabilitative exercise specialist candidates." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/101462.

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Twenty subjects were audio and video taped during their exercise leadership examination. The tapes were used to code the interactions that occurred between the exercise leaders and the participants in the simulated cardiac rehabilitation exercise session using an interaction analysis system developed specifically for this physical activity setting group. The system identified interactions that could occur during the warm-up, stimulus, and cool-down phases of the session. The tapes were coded using the Datamyte 801 Observational Recorder. The phases of the sessions were coded individually. A frequency count was made as the interaction categories occurred. The frequencies were converted into rates of interaction (f•min⁻¹) for comparison. The mean rates of interaction were low for the phases and overall (warm-up= .38/min; stimulus= .59/min; cool-down= .29/min; total= .46/min). The individual subject's rates of interaction were all less than 1 interaction per minute (minimum= .28/min; maximum= .72/min). Related t-tests across category facets between phases showed the instruction and explanation facets in the warm-up phase differed significantly from the same facets in the stimulus phase. The compliance facet differed significantly in the stimulus phase from the compliance facet in the other two phases. The monitor facet in the stimulus phase differed significantly from the monitor facet in the cool-down phase. There was no significant differences across facets between the warm-up and cool-down phases. Higher rates of interaction occurred more frequently in the stimulus phase. The coding showed the differences in the interactions of the exercise leaders in the different phases in the simulated exercise session. The low rates of interaction suggest that the exercise leaders may have been reactive to the specific examination situation in which these data were collected.
M.S.
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Bailey, Barry D. "Physiological responses, perceptual responses and target heart rate compliance of coronary heart disease patients during walk-jog exercise." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/91082.

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Nine male CHD patients volunteered for testing to determine variations in heart rate response (HR), walk-jog velocity (W) and compliance to the target heart rate zone under three monitoring conditions. Determination of variations in W, peripheral perceived exertion (RPEL) chest perceived exertion (RPEC) and post-exercise lactate accumulation (La) during exercise which was held constant between 60-80% maximum HR reserve were also made. Procedures consisted of three 20 min walk-jog exercise conditions. First, two baseline condition (BC) trials were performed on separate days with exercise intensity regulated through intermittent defibrillator-ECG HR checks and radial/carotid artery palpation. Next, continuous telemetry monitoring of HR by staff was added during a single exercise trial (TC). Finally, two ExersentryRcondition (EC) trials were performed on separate days with continuous feedback concerning HR response provided to the patient via ExersentryR devices. Evaluation of HR and W revealed no significant variation between conditions. However, % target HR reserve attained was significantly (p>0.05) lower during early and late BC, as compared to TC. Furthermore, "frequency in" vs "frequency out" of target HR zone was significantly (p>0.05) greater during EC, as compared to TC. During EC, no significant variations in HR, W, La, RPEL and RPEC were noted. Correlation coefficient values between 0.76-0.95 and 0.58-0.80 were reported for RPEL and RPEC, respectively. This data suggested that continuous feedback concerning HR response resulted in the greatest compliance to the target HR zone. With the exception of the first five min of EC, only RPEL reliably mirrored HR and W. Index terms: Intermittent heart rate monitoring, continuous heart rate monitoring, heart rate response, walk-jog velocity, target heart rate compliance, peripheral perceived exertion, chest perceived exertion, post-exercise lactate accumulation.
M.S.
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Unger, Marianne. "The impact of an eight-week progressive resisted exercise program in adolescents with spastic cerebral palsy." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50155.

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Thesis (MScPhysio)--Stellenbosch University, 2004.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Muscle weakness is a problem for many young people with spastic cerebral palsy (CP). Many studies have reported that selective strength-training programs can improve muscle strength. However, most of these studies are of single group design and do not adequately control for confounding variables. Objective: To determine the impact of a comprehensive strength training program targeting multiple muscle groups on adolescents with CP, using basic inexpensive free weights and resistance devices. Method: A randomised clinical trial evaluated the effects of an eight-week strength-training program on 31 independently ambulant adolescents with spastic CP, with or without walking aids, from Eros School (19 males, 12 females; mean age 16 years 1 month; range 13 - 18 years). The Kin-Com dynamometer, 3-D gait analysis, the Economy of Movement test and a questionnaire was used to evaluate selected muscle strength, the degree of crouch gait, free walking velocity and stride length, energy consumption during walking and perceptions of body image and functional competence. Twenty one subjects took part in the strength-training program and were compared with 10 control subjects. Results were analysed using repeated measures ANOVA and bootstrap analysis. Results: Compared with the control, significant improvement in the degree of crouch as measured by the sum of the ankle, knee and hip angles at midstance (p=0.05) and perceptions of body image (p=0.01) were noted for the experimental group. Significant trends were also noted for isometric knee extension muscle strength at 30° as well as for hip abduction at 10° and 20°. Walking efficiency, -velocity and stride length remained unchanged as well as perceptions of functional ability. Conclusion: A strength-training program targeting multiple muscle groups including upper and lower limbs as well as the trunk, can lead to changes in muscle strength and improve the degree of crouch gait with improved perception of body image. Successful participation in such a program at school may motivate children with CP to continue with home-based basic strength training. Strength training alone did not decrease oxygen consumption during walking and inclusion of aerobic exercise is recommended.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Spierswakheid is 'n probleem vir baie jong mense met serebrale verlamming (SV). Navorsing het getoon dat selektiewe versterkende oefenprogramme selektiewe spiere kan versterk, maar die meeste studies bestaan uit 'n enkel groep met onvoldoende beheer oor verstrengelde veranderlikes. Doel: Om die impak van 'n omvattende versterkende oefenprogram met basiese, goedkoop gewigte en weerstandsaparaat wat vele spiergroepe teiken, op adolesente met spastiese SV te evalueer. Metodologie: Die effekte van 'n agt weke lang versterkende oefenprogram is op 31 onafhanklik mobiel adolesente met spastiese SV, met of sonder loophulpmiddel, van Eros Skool deur middel van 'n ewekansige kliniese proef geevalueer (19 manlike, 12 vroulike deelnemers; gemiddelde ouderdom 16 jaar 1 maand; omvang 13 - 18 jaar). Die Kin-Com dinamometer, "3-D gait analysis", die "Economy of Movement" toets en 'n vraelys is gebruik om geselekteerde spiersterkte, die hoeveelheid knie fleksie gesien in die onderste ledemaat tydens loop, loopspoed en treelengte, energieverbruik tydens loop asook persepsies van liggaamsbeeld en funksionelevermoë te evalueer. Een en twintig het in die versterkende oefenprogram deelgeneem en is met 10 kontrole deelnemers vergelyk. Resultate is met behulp van herhaalde metings "ANOVA" en "bootstrap analysis" geanaliseer. Resultate: In vergelyking met die kontrole groep, het die experimentele groep betekenisvolle verbetering getoon in die hoeveelheid fleksie gesien in die ondersteledemaat (p=0.05) soos bereken deur die som van die enkel-, knie- en heuphoek in midstaan fase tydens loop, asook in liggaamspersepsie (p=0.01). Beduidenisvolle tendense is ook gesien by die experimentele groep vir isometriese knie ekstensie spiersterkte by 30° asook vir heup abduksie by 10° en 20°. Energieverbruik tydens loop asook loopspoed en treelengte was onveranderd asook persepsie van funksionele vermoë. Gevolgtrekking: 'n Versterkende oefenprogram wat verskeie spiergroepe teiken, insluitende die onderste en boonste ledemate asook die romp, kan lei tot In verbetering in spiersterkte, minder fleksie in die onderste ledemate tydens loop asook 'n verbetering in ligaamspersepsie. Suksesvolle deelname aan so 'n program op skool, mag kinders dalk motiveer om In basiese versterkende oefenprogram tuis voort te sit. Versterkende oefening alleen het geen vermindering in suurstofverbruik tydens loop veroorsaak en die insluit van aerobiese oefening word aanbeveel.
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Äng, Björn. "Neck pain in air force pilots : on risk factors, neck motor function and an exercise intervention /." Stockholm, 2007. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2007/978-91-7357-168-5/.

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Heiden, Tamika Louise. "Neuromuscular-biomechanical outcomes of different types of resistance training on people with knee osteoarthritis." University of Western Australia. School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health, 2009. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2010.0066.

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[Truncated abstract] Knee osteoarthritis (OA) patients have high levels of pain, functional and strength deficits of the quadriceps, decreased proprioceptive acuity, and increased co-contraction and knee joint loading in gait, compared to age matched controls. The increased knee joint loading in this population occurs most commonly in the medial tibio-femoral compartment, due to increased external adduction moments, and with increasing disease severity there is a concomitant increase in the knee adduction moments. A key finding within the knee OA literature is that dynamic loading in gait, due to increased external adduction moments, strongly predicts pain and radiographic disease progression. Current research has shown that exercise interventions reduce pain and time to complete functional activities; however, the effect of these interventions on knee joint loading and muscular activation in gait is still unclear. In addition, the need for specific knee joint strengthening to cause these alterations has not been investigated and it remains unknown if improvements occur due to specific muscle strengthening or due to some general effect of exercise. Therefore, the primary aim of this research study was to examine the effects of general (upper body) and specific (lower body) resistance training interventions on self-perceived outcomes, neuromuscular function and kinematic, kinetic and muscle activation during gait of OA patients compared with asymptomatic controls. ... The examination of gait data following exercise (Study 4) showed trends for changes in the muscle co-contraction ratios. Specifically, the medial/lateral co-contraction ratio (MLCCR) displayed a trend in early stance where the upper body exercise group increased their lateral muscle activity and the lower body group reduced their lateral muscle activity, and the medial/lateral hamstring co-contraction ratio (HAMCCR) displayed this same trend during loading. The trend toward reduced lateral muscle activation, following lower body resistance training, suggests that specific muscle strengthening may have the ability to alter the load distribution. The kinematic and kinetic variables of gait were unchanged by the exercise interventions, highlighting the sensitivity of muscle activation pattern changes due to muscle strengthening. This thesis provides new insights into the co-contraction strategies utilised by knee OA patients. The directed co-contraction strategy employed by knee OA patients and its relationship to the external adduction moment in gait suggest an attempt to redistribute the loading within the knee joint, most likely in response to pain. Further, we have separated the effects of exercise and found differences in self-perceived outcomes based on exercise specificity. This first examination into muscle co-contraction following resistance training of knee OA patients has highlighted the possibility of alterations to the co-contraction patterns following lower body exercise. However, the implications of altering this muscle activation strategy and the consequent effect on distribution of load within the knee joint requires further consideration.
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Books on the topic "Bones Diseases – Exercise therapy"

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The bone density test. New York: Berkley Books, 2000.

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Susie, Dinan, and Hunter Fiona, eds. Strong bones for life. London: Carroll & Brown, 2011.

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V, Wright Jonathan, ed. Your bones: How you can prevent osteoporosis & have strong bones for life naturally. Mount Jackson, VA: Praktikos Books, 2011.

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V, Wright Jonathan, ed. Your bones: How you can prevent osteoporosis & have strong bones for life-naturally. Edinburg, VA: Praktikos Books, 2013.

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Maria, Cancela Carral Jose, and Varela Martinez Silvia, eds. Aerobic exercise in special populations. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science, 2009.

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Daniels, Dianne. The osteoporosis prevention program: The complete plan for healthy bones. Long Island City, NY: Hatherleigh, 2008.

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Bethell, Hugh. Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation. Beckenham: Publishing Initiatives, 1996.

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Murray, Ronald O. The radiology of skeletal disorders: Exercise in diagnosis. 3rd ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 1990.

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1950-, Geyer Mary J., Foley Margaret W. 1954-, and Wolf Steven L, eds. Cardiac rehabilitation: Basic theory and application. Philadelphia: Davis, 1988.

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A practical guide to cardiac rehabilitation. Rockville, Md: Aspen Publishers, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Bones Diseases – Exercise therapy"

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Tou, J. C., L. Baer, C. E. Wade, and M. Seem. "4. Bone responses to weight and exercise in obese animal models." In Handbook of nutrition and diet in therapy of bone diseases, 81–98. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-823-0_4.

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McNab, Ian, and Chris Little. "Principles of upper limb surgery." In Oxford Textbook of Rheumatology, 691–97. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642489.003.0090.

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Reconstructive surgery should be undertaken before the patient becomes severely incapacitated. The patient should be as fit as possible, with synovitis under good control with no evidence of sepsis. Active disease or glucocorticoid therapy are not contraindications to surgery. Shoulder surgery: Pain from synovitis of the acromioclavicular localizes to the joint and responds to intra-articular steroid or arthroscopic excision of the lateral clavicle. Pain from glenohumeral disease that does not improve with articular injections is helped by humeral head replacement, but glenoid bone loss generally makes glenoid resurfacing inadvisable. Rotator cuff impingement and tears that do not respond to injections and capsular control exercises are best treated by arthroscopic subacromial decompression and debridement. Elbow surgery: Arthroplasty will usually remove pain and improve function, particularly in the flail elbow, but carries increased surgical risks and a higher likelihood of loosening than other large-joint replacements; lifting should be restricted in the long term. Nerve compression around the elbow is common, but often relatively asymptomatic. Olecranon bursal excision surgery is usually avoided because of the low but significant risks of problems with wound healing. Hand and wrist surgery: if hand function and pain continue to deteriorate despite maximal medical therapy, surgical intervention is indicated.
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Butler, Gary, and Jeremy Kirk. "Obesity." In Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, 225–52. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198786337.003.0006.

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• Obesity is defined as: ‘An excess of body fat frequently resulting in a significant impairment of health and longevity’. • In most cases obesity is not due to an underlying endocrine disorder, although it may produce endocrine morbidity such as type 2 diabetes. • Although there are a number of different methods to assess overweight and obesity, the most common is body mass index (BMI): weight (kg)/height (m)2. • Classification is: • primary: exogenous or ‘simple’ obesity • secondary: ■ identified genetic syndromes, e.g. Prader–Willi, Bardet–Biedl, pseudohypoparathyroidism ■ monogenic disorders, e.g. leptin deficiency, leptin/melanocortin receptor defects ■ CNS disease, e.g. hypothalamic obesity ■ endocrine disorders, e.g. hypothyroidism, Cushing syndrome, growth hormone deficiency, precocious puberty ■ immobility, e.g. cerebral palsy ■ iatrogenic. • Generally, children with obesity which is: • primary often have a family history, tall stature, advanced bone age, and no dysmorphic features • secondary often have short stature, delayed bone age, dysmorphic features, and developmental delay. • Complications of obesity are multisystem: metabolic, cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal/hepatic, orthopaedic, neurological, dermatological, gynaecological, and psychological. • Therapy is aimed at modifiable factors restoring the balance between energy intake (e.g. dietary) and expenditure (e.g. exercise), and preferably a combination of both along with counselling and behaviour modification. There is currently only limited data on the benefits of pharmacotherapy and bariatric surgery.
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Jordaan, Adele, Mariette Swanepoel, Yvonne Paul, and Terry Jeremy Ellapen. "The Interprofessional Clinical and Therapeutic Team Strategy to Manage Spinal Cord Injuries." In Therapy Approaches in Neurological Disorders. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94850.

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A popular comorbidity of spinal cord injuries is physical deconditioning that frequently prejudice the person to increased risk for secondary non-communicable diseases, such as non-dependent insulin diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, cardiorespiratory diseases, obesity, osteoporosis, arthritis and osteoarthritis. Clinical literature has shown that spinal cord injured individuals have a poor cardiometabolic risk profile that amplifies the likelihood of secondary non-communicable diseases. Components of physical deconditioning include muscle atrophy, decreased aerobic capacity, inflexibility and diminished muscle and endurance. Another problem associated with spinal cord injuries is reliance or dependence on others. The combination of poor physical conditioning and dependence on others often adversely impacts on the individual’s quality of life, limiting their social interaction with others. The adherence to habitual physical activity and exercises has shown to increase conditioning status, improve health and wellbeing, increase independence, and improve confidence and self-image and successful re-integration in community. Therefore it is of paramount importance to increase awareness of the benefits of habitual physical activity and exercise to spinal cord injured patients, medical and clinical practitioners, family and friends. This chapter intends to highlight the health benefits of habitual physical activity in relation to selected secondary non-communicable diseases, and, the importance of interprofessional clinical and therapeutic team strategy to improve the spinal cord injured individuals’ quality of life.
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Wallace, Daniel J., and Janice Brock Wallace. "The Influence of Exercise and Rehabilitation on the Mind and Body." In All About Fibromyalgia. Oxford University Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195147537.003.0029.

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Let’s continue on the self-help road to improving fibromyalgia symptoms. Suppose we are eating healthy, well-balanced meals, are no longer smoking, have learned to pace ourselves, cope with changes in the weather, are sleeping well, and have reconfigured the house. At this point, how can the body be trained to reduce pain, stiffness, and fatigue? This chapter will explore how physical, mental, and complementary modalities allow fibromyalgia patients to feel better about their bodies and minds. Therapeutic regimens that help the body and mind, whether physical therapy, yoga, acupuncture, or chiropractic methods, are all based on similar tenets of body mechanics: 1. Fibromyalgia patients will never improve unless they have good posture. Bad posture aggravates musculoskeletal pain and creates tight, stiff, sore muscles. Therefore, stretch, change positions, and have a good workstation that does not require too much leaning or reaching. 2. The way we get around is a demonstration of body mechanics. The fundamental principles of good body mechanics in fibromyalgia include using a broad base of support by distributing loads to stronger joints with a greater surface area, keeping things close to the body to provide leverage, minimizing reaching, and not putting too much pressure on the lower back. Also, don’t stay in the same position for a prolonged period of time. 3. Exercise is necessary. It improves our sense of well-being, strengthens muscles and bones, allows restful sleep, relieves stress, releases serotonin and endorphins, which decreases pain, and burns calories. 4. Don’t be shy about using supports. Whether it be an armrest, special chair, brace, wall, railing, pillow, furniture, slings, pockets, or even another person’s body, supports allow fibromyalgia patients to decrease the amount of weight or stress that would otherwise be applied to the body, producing discomfort or pain. 5. All activities should be conducive to relaxation and stress reduction, whether they be deep breathing, meditation, biofeedback, or guided imagery. There are a surprisingly large number of ways these activities can be carried out. They are discussed in the next few sections.
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Polkey, Michael I. "Muscle weakness in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and heart failure." In ESC CardioMed, 1053–55. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198784906.003.0254.

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic heart failure are both common long-term diseases in which both general features (e.g. fatigue) and specific issues (e.g. exertional breathlessness) limit both maximum exercise capacity and overall physical activity. In both cases, quadriceps weakness contributes to exercise limitation, relates to prognosis, and improves with rehabilitation. No pharmacological therapy is in widespread use for this condition.
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Chaouat, Ari, Anne Guillaumot, Emmanuel Gomez, Olivier Huttin, Christine Selton-Suty, and François Chabot. "Pulmonary hypertension due to chronic lung diseases." In ESC CardioMed, edited by Marc Humbert, 2547–50. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198784906.003.0598.

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Mild-to-moderate pulmonary hypertension is a common complication of chronic lung diseases. Very few patients have severe pulmonary hypertension; if that is the case, it may be due to co-morbidities or correspond to a particular phenotype. Although pulmonary hypertension has little or no involvement in exercise limitation, it is an independent prognostic factor for survival. The first stage of diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension in chronic lung disease is to establish a level of high, intermediate, or low probability using Doppler echocardiography according to the European Society of Cardiology/European Respiratory Society Guidelines. To determine the cause of pulmonary hypertension, it may be necessary to perform a comprehensive search for the most frequent respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. There are few, but important, indications for right heart catheterization in chronic lung diseases. The main indications are candidates for lung transplantation, suspicion of pulmonary arterial hypertension or chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension, and when pulmonary haemodynamics are likely to have significant therapeutic implications. The underlying respiratory disease or associations of diseases should be treated according to current guidelines before concluding that a patient has severe pulmonary hypertension. Non-invasive ventilation and long-term oxygen therapy in hypercapnic and hypoxaemic patients, respectively, improve pulmonary haemodynamics. With the exception of cardiovascular co-morbidities, pharmacotherapies for high blood pressure and for left heart diseases are not recommended to treat pulmonary hypertension due to chronic lung diseases. Pulmonary arterial hypertension-approved therapies are not recommended in pulmonary hypertension due to chronic lung diseases.
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Kahn, Richard J. "Thoughts to Consider While Reading Barker’s Manuscript: Presentism, Whiggish History, and the Post Hoc Fallacy." In Diseases in the District of Maine 1772 - 1820, 118–32. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190053253.003.0005.

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The holistic tradition of Hippocrates and Galen ended in the nineteenth century with the arrival of disease specificity. Thus, the correction of imbalances provoked by noxious air, inappropriate behavior, the environment, air, water, food, emotions, exercise, rest, and evacuations gave way to the biomedical model, reductionist medicine, and positive scientific authority. By the late nineteenth century, medicine had incorporated Rudolf Virchow’s cellular pathology (1858), Joseph Lister’s surgical antisepsis (1865), Louis Pasteur’s bacteriology (1860s), and Robert Koch’s discovery of the tuberculosis germ (1880s). But John Harley Warner maintains that in Barker’s era, therapeutic action was an essential part of professional identity, as physicians struggled with skepticism regarding medical therapy and the relative merits of nature healing versus the need for therapeutics such as bleeding, purging, and mercurials. Charles Rosenberg emphasizes the importance to the physician–patient relationship of “exhibiting” a drug. To evaluate the validity of Barker’s knowledge and treatments, the twenty-first-century reader must avoid presentism, whiggish history, and the post hoc fallacy, and must consider confirmation bias. Was Barker using the best available evidence in 1820? Were his decisions evidence-based?
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Mazzanti, Andrea, Riccardo Maragna, and Silvia G. Priori. "Monogenic and oligogenic cardiovascular diseases: genetics of arrhythmias—long QT syndrome." In ESC CardioMed, 671–76. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198784906.003.0149_update_001.

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Long QT syndrome(s) (LQTS) includes a group of inherited arrhythmogenic disorders characterized by a prolonged cardiac repolarization that predisposes to the development of life-threatening arrhythmias, typically in conditions of adrenergic activation (exercise, emotions). LQTS can show both autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive transmission with variable penetrance. Several genes have been causally linked to the disease phenotype, all coding for ion channel proteins and their regulatory partners that control cardiac action potentials duration. To date, 17 genes have been identified. Still, the first three genotypes discovered in the early nineties (LQT1, LQT2, and LQT3) account for the large majority of mutation-positive cases (approximately 80–90%). Genotype-negative LQTS subjects still represent an area of investigation: large duplications and deletions, undetectable to standard screening methodologies and, more recently, polygenic inheritance and the role of modifiers are emerging as possible players for (apparently) genotype-negative LQTSx1. Knowing the genotype of a LQTS patient can provide a relevant contribution for the clinical management by supporting the diagnostic process, the risk stratification, and the choice of therapy.
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Schwartz, Peter J., and Lia Crotti. "Monogenic and oligogenic cardiovascular diseases: genetics of arrhythmias—catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia." In ESC CardioMed, 683–85. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198784906.003.0152_update_001.

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Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is a rare inherited disorder associated with syncope and sudden death manifesting in the young during sympathetic activation. The electrocardiogram is normal and the heart is structurally normal. The diagnosis is usually made with an exercise stress test that shows a typical pattern of onset and offset of adrenergically induced ventricular arrhythmias. Molecular screening of RyR2, the major CPVT gene, is recommended whenever the suspicion of CPVT is high. If a disease-causing mutation is identified, cascade screening allows pre-symptomatic diagnosis among family members. All affected subjects should be treated with beta blockers (nadolol or propranolol). Preliminary data support the association of beta blockers with flecainide. After a cardiac arrest, an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) should be implanted, but it is accompanied by a disquietingly high incidence of adverse effects. After syncope on beta blocker therapy, left cardiac sympathetic denervation is most effective, preserves quality of life, and does not preclude a subsequent ICD implantation.
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Conference papers on the topic "Bones Diseases – Exercise therapy"

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Pop, Petru A., Liviu Lazar, and Florin M. Marcu. "Benefic Effect of Conservative Treatments on Patients Diagnosed With Osteoporosis." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-86748.

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Osteoporosis (OP) represents the most common metabolic bone disease, characterized by the shrinkage in bone mass and the destruction of bone quality, thus conferring a higher risk for micro-fractures and injuries. The goal of treatment in OP is to grow-up the bone mineral density of the skeleton and to increase resorption of formed bone, due to improving the quality life of patients. The methods are diverse, such as medications, conservative measures, weight reduction, physical and occupational therapy, mechanical support devices and surgery. This paper presents a balneal-conservative treatment of patients diagnosed with OP from Rehabilitation Clinical Hospital of Felix Spa. The treatment is complex and involves balneal-physical-kinetic therapy or balneal-physical-kinetic recovery treatment, which must be periodical repeated every six months to obtain good results. The study has been applied to two separate groups of patients with OP between 2009–2011. The first group of 100 subjects, presented clinical symptomatology, as pain of variable types like backaches, fragility fractures or deformation of bone shape that resulted from fractures or alterations of weakens bones. A second group of 80 subjects, received the balneal-rehabilitation treatment combined, or not with physical exercises. DEXA and SF-36 scores, using statistical analysis, performed the evaluation of OP treatment. The results of experiment emphasized the efficiency of balneal-rehabilitation treatment applied patients with OP. The future research will be focused upon the implementation of vibration therapy with balneal-conservative treatment on patients with osteoporosis and osteoarthritis to reduce the therapy time and improving the quality life of patients.
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Van Tubergen, A., A. Boonen, R. Landewé, M. Rutten-van Mölken, D. Van der Heijde, A. Hidding, and SJ Van der Linden. "OP0054 Cost-effectiveness of combined spa-exercise therapy in ankylosing spondylitis: a randomised controlled trial." In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, Annals of the rheumatic diseases ARD July 2001. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2001.346.

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Assis, Lívia, Carla Tim, Cintia Martignago, Silma Gonçalves, and Ana Claudia Renno. "Effectiveness of photobiomodulation therapy and aerobic exercise training on articular cartilage in an experimental model of osteoarthritis in rats." In Photonic Diagnosis and Treatment of Infections and Inflammatory Diseases, edited by Tianhong Dai. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2291227.

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Karakoç, M., A. Gür, K. Nas, R. Çevik, AJ Saraç, F. Erdoðan, and M. Karakoç (Çelik). "FRI0236 The effects of low-energy laser and exercise therapy in patients with chronic low back pain: a double-blind controlled trial." In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, Annals of the rheumatic diseases ARD July 2001. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2001.540.

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Iakovleva, Maria, Olga Shchelkova, and Ekaterina Usmanova. "QUALITY OF LIFE OF PATIENTS UNDERGOING SURGICAL TREATMENT OF LOWER LIMB CANCER." In International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends. inScience Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021inpact021.

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"Patients suffering from oncological diseases are the focus of attention of both physicians and psychologists. Although tumor lesions of bones and soft tissues are a relatively rare condition, its effect on the person’ mind and lifestyle are significant, and its treatment is a challenge, also in terms of patient’s adaptation to the disease and therapy. There are various strategies for treating this pathology; all of them are associated with high-tech medicine focused on maintaining or improving patients’ quality of life (QoL). The aim of the present research is to study the psychological characteristics and QoL of patients undergoing surgical treatment of tumor lesions of bones and soft tissues of lower limbs. Material and methods. 36 patients were examined (mean age 58,22; 19 – men). The SF-36 questionnaire, Ways of Coping Questionnaire (WCQ), and Big Five Personality Test (BFI) were used. Treatment by means of the isolated limb perfusion technique was prescribed to 15 patients (group 1); 21 patients were subjected to lower limb amputation due to their disease (group 2). Results. It was found that patients who underwent amputation are characterized by lower rates on the coping scale ‘accepting responsibility’ than patients from the perfusion group (p < 0.05); at the same time, patients from the second group had higher values on the ‘openness’ scale of the BFI compared to the first group (p < 0.1). The study of the relationship between patients’ QoL parameters, personality and coping showed that in the first group the values on the coping scale ‘seeking social support’ negatively correlate with ‘bodily pain’ (p < 0.01), and ‘escape–avoidance’ negatively correlates with ‘social functioning’ (p < 0.01). In the second group, the following significant correlations between personality traits and QoL were revealed: ‘extraversion’ is positively associated with ‘physical functioning’, ‘role-emotional’ and ‘mental health’ (p < 0.01), ‘agreeableness’ has a negative correlation with ‘bodily pain’ and ‘general health’ (p < 0.01), ‘neuroticism’ is negatively related with ‘bodily pain’ and ‘general health’ (p < 0.01), ‘openness’ is positively associated with ‘bodily pain’ and ‘general health’ (p < 0.01). Conclusion. The data obtained emphasizes the importance of taking into account personality characteristics in the management of patients with cancer, including tumor lesions of the bones and soft tissues, as well as the dynamic nature of QoL and its close interconnection with the stage and strategy of treatment and patients’ personality. Psychological support for patients is required for their successful adaptation to the illness and therapy. Acknowledgement. This research was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) (Grant No 20-013-00573)."
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Putri, Kurnia Eka, Bhisma Murti, and Hanung Prasetya. "The Effectiveness of Acupuncture in Reducing Musculoskeletal Pain: A Meta-Analysis." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.05.52.

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ABSTRACT Background: Musculoskeletal disorder affects the musculoskeletal system’s function, which includes tendons, bursae, bones, muscles, joints, and ligaments. Acupuncture is one of the non-pharmacological alternative therapies for treating musculoskeletal disorders. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of acupuncture in reducing pain in musculoskeletal diseases. Subjects and Method: This was a meta-analysis and systematic review. The study was collected articles from PubMed, ProQuest, Science Direct, Scopus, Spinger Link, and Google Scholar databases. The inclusion criteria were full text in English language and used randomized controlled trial study design. There were 8 articles with 466 study subjects comprised in two groups, including 236 people received acupuncture therapy (intervention) and 230 people received sham acupuncture (control). The selected articles were analyzed by ReVman 5.4. Results: This study had high heterogeneity (I2= 90%; p<0.001). This study reported that acupuncture was more effective to reduce musculoskeletal pain than sham acupuncture (Mean Difference= 1.63; 95% CI= 0.89 to 2.38; p= 0.001). Conclusion: Acupuncture is more effective to reduce musculoskeletal pain than sham acupuncture. Keywords: acupuncture, musculoskeletal pain Correspondence: Kurnia Eka Putri. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: nia.putrinia@gmail.com. Mobile: +628995212646. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.05.52
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