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Journal articles on the topic 'Bonus Pater Familias'
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1
Dujic, Dejan. "A bonus ec diligens pater familias 20. századi alakulása a német családjogban." DÍKÉ 5, no. 1 (September 1, 2021): 47–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.15170/dike.2021.05.01.04.
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The process of women’s emancipation in European legal culture can be divided into three major periods according to their defining issues and objectives. The findings of the following study refer to the period from the beginning of the 20th century to the present day, which is usually identified in the literature as the second wave, and then as the third wave from the 1990s onwards. The turning point between these two stages is the thirty years after 1950, when the social, personal and family legal status of women changed significantly in Europe. The demands of the third wave, the ’modern emancipation movement’, which are still ongoing today, are of a different nature and are primarily sociological rather than legal nature. Although the topic of feminism is popular and has been dealt with in many ways in the Hungarian social science literature too, this study is nevertheless suppletory as I present the German marriage and family law reforms by means of the historical legal analysis, which will be supplemented in later studies by a comparison of Austrian and Hungarian law for the same period.
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Sáry, Pál. "The legal protection of environment in ancient Rome." Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Law = Agrár- és Környezetjog 15, no. 29 (November 24, 2020): 199–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.21029/jael.2020.29.199.
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The paper wants to give an overview of the moral and legal rules which protected the natural and built environment in ancient Rome. These rules prove that environment protection is not a modern invention. A bonus et diligens pater familias was morally obliged to cultivate his own agricultural land carefully. Both air and water pollution was legally sanctioned. A house-owner had to keep his own building in good condition. Each person was to keep the street outside his own house in repair and clean. Demolition of both private and public buildings was strictly restricted. It is true that in ancient Rome environment protection was not full scope (e.g., animal protection was absent from Roman law), but many elements of environment were legally protected.
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Gavrilă, Simona Petrin. "THE RESPONSIBILITY OF PERSONS CAUSING DEBTOR’S INSOLVENCY IN THE BILL ON PRE-INSOLVENCY AND INSOLVENCY PROCEEDINGS." Agora International Journal of Juridical Sciences 8, no. 1 (February 4, 2014): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.15837/aijjs.v8i1.954.
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Insolvency is the state of the debtor’s patrimony characterized by insufficientmonetary funds available for the payment of exigible debts. It may be the consequence ofunfavourable economic circumstances, but also the result of managerial deficiencies of evenfraud.If insolvency is caused by the gross incompetence or the fraud of the debtor’s board ofdirectors, then the syndic judge, by means of the special mechanism created in the insolvencyproceedings, i.e. the joint responsibility action, may include the responsibility of the debtor’smanagers (if the debtor is a legal person) in covering the debtor’s liabilities. From apsychological point of view, such a menacing perspective may bring about a certain control ofthe managerial activity, a certain caution of a bonus pater familias in managing the debtor’saffairs1.
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Ouedraogo, Awalou. "La due diligence en droit international : de la règle de la neutralité au principe général." Revue générale de droit 42, no. 2 (September 15, 2014): 641–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1026909ar.
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Le concept de diligence est rattaché à la théorie des obligations internationales. L’idée à la fois simple et complexe est que la diligence est un élément contenu dans certaines normes primaires de l’État, notamment les obligations de prévention. Son champ d’application est limité aux situations où l’État doit prévenir ou réprimer certains actes dommageables. S’enracinant dans la systématisation romaine des obligations à travers la figure du bonus pater familias, la due diligence apparaît dans l’ordre international d’abord dans le domaine de la neutralité avant de connaître une fortune dans d’autres secteurs, notamment la protection des étrangers, la sécurité des États étrangers, les droits de la personne, l’environnement. Cet article vise à démontrer que la due diligence est passée d’une simple règle de la neutralité à une norme coutumière du droit international général, avant d’acquérir aujourd’hui le statut de principe général applicable même en l’absence d’injonction spécifique d’une norme primaire. Cet article revisite donc la célèbre affaire de l’Alabama afin de montrer que le régime juridique de la neutralité qui a pleinement émergé au milieu du XVIIIe siècle a aussi été le point d’effervescence du concept de diligence dans l’ordre juridique international.
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Ahmed, Raheel. "The Standard of the Reasonable Person in Determining Negligence – Comparative Conclusions." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal 24 (April 19, 2021): 1–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2021/v24i0a8631.
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The standard of the reasonable person or its equivalent, in general, is used in many jurisdictions to determine fault in the form of negligence. Although the standard is predominantly objective it is also subjective in that the subjective attributes of the person against whom the standard applies as well as the subjective circumstances present at the time of the delict or tort lend themselves to an objective-subjective application. In South African law, before a person can be judged according to the standard of the reasonable person, the person must first be held accountable. If a person cannot be held accountable, then the standard does not apply at all.
The general standard of the reasonable person cannot be applied to children, the elderly, persons with physical disabilities, persons with mental impairments or experts. Therefore, depending on the subjective attributes of the person against whom the standard is being applied, the standard may have to be adjusted accordingly. The general standard of the reasonable person would be raised when dealing with experts, for instance, and lowered when dealing with persons with physical disabilities.
This contribution considers whether the current application of the standard of the reasonable person in South African law is satisfactory when applied generally to all persons, no matter their age, experience, gender, physical disability and cognitive ability. The application of the standard of the reasonable person in South African law is compared to the application of the standard of the reasonable person or its equivalent in the United Kingdom, the United States of America and France. Just as South African law applies the standard of the reasonable expert to experts, this contribution explores whether the South African law should be developed to use similar adjusted standards when dealing with children, the elderly, persons with physical disabilities and so on.
The general standard of the reasonable person cannot be applied to children, the elderly, persons with physical disabilities, persons with mental impairments as well as experts. Thus depending on the subjective attributes of the person against whom the standard is being applied, the standard may have to be adjusted accordingly or if the person cannot be held accountable, not applied at all. The general standard of the reasonable person would for example be raised when dealing with experts and lowered when dealing with persons with physical disabilities.
This contribution considers whether the current application of the standard of the reasonable person in South African law is satisfactory when applied generally, to all persons, no matter their age, experience, gender, physical disability and cognitive ability. The application of the standard of the reasonable person in South African law is compared to the application of the standard of the reasonable person or its equivalent in the United Kingdom, the United States of America and France. Just as South African law applies the standard of the reasonable expert to experts, this contribution explores whether the South African law should be developed to use similar adjusted standards when dealing with children, the elderly, persons' with physical disabilities and so on.
[1] In French law bonus pater familias as three separate words is encountered (see para 3.4 below) whereas in South African law, bonus paterfamilias, as two separate words is encountered (see for example, Neethling and Potgieter Law of Delict 142-143). In this contribution, for the sake of uniformity and convenience, bonus pater familias as three separate words will be used.
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Sharkova, Iryna. "Image of Good Faith Subjects of Law in Legal Cultural History: Definition of Universal Standards." Law Review of Kyiv University of Law, no. 3 (November 10, 2020): 56–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.36695/2219-5521.3.2020.08.
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The article is devoted to the problem of Good Faith Subjects` status in law. For a better understanding of the problem, image ofgood faith subjects of law in Ancient Rome was analyzed. In particular, it was found that in roman law, the term bonus pater familias(good family father) refers to a standard of good faith subjects of law. In the English version, this concept was translated as «that of aman of ordinary prudence in managing his own affairs».The concept of a gentleman in the English legal tradition is specially studied.English noun ‘gentleman’ dates back to the Old French word ‘gentilz hom’ (graceful, refined man). That was why the social ca -te gory of gentleman is considered as “the nearest, contemporary English equivalent of the noblesse of France.” (Maurice Hugh Keen).Now, a gentleman is not just any man of good and courteous conduct, but a certain person having legal personality in accordancewith the standard of common law.In conformity with the dimension of public law, the English social category of gentleman captures a right of certen classe of theBritish nobility.But in accordance with modern private law the connotation of the term gentleman corresponds to the Rome legal institute ofbonus pater familias.The double origin of this term from the status of a knight and the social position of the merchant causes a controversial interpretationsof its meaning.In contemporary usage, the word gentleman is ambiguously defined, because “to behave like a gentleman” communicates as littlepraise or as much criticism as the speaker means to imply; thus, “to spend money like a gentleman” is criticism, but “to conduct a businesslike a gentleman” is praise (Walter Alison Phillips).In modern International Trade Law a gentleman is essentially a ‘man of sense’, ‘а man of judgment’ or a reasonable person.So United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (1980), The UNIDROIT Principles of InternationalCommercial Contract and the Principles of European Contract Law provided a rule, which offers an opportunity for such an interpretation.‘the contract is to be interpreted according to the meaning that reasonable persons of the same kind as the parties would giveto it in the same circumstances’.It led to the conclusion that the modern image of a good faith subject to the greatest extent actualizes the criterion of commonsense.
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Sanna, Antonio. "Family Concerns inThe Vampire Diaries." Gothic Studies 21, no. 2 (November 2019): 209–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/gothic.2019.0023.
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This paper examines the TV series The Vampire Diaries to show how the programme responds to traditional gothic tropes and transforms them for the television medium. Vampires and humans shall be read as both preoccupied with the ties of family, in story arcs that explore complex and often dark familial relationships. Especially in the early seasons of the series, objects such as magic rings, compasses, precious stones and magical devices are given fundamental importance for the development of the plot, the interactions among the characters, and the representation of familial bonds. Specifically, the search for and retrieval of the heirlooms shall be interpreted as instrumental to the representation of the characters’ relationships with their respective families, which I argue is a characteristic theme of gothic fictions at large.
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Broomhall, Susan, and Jacqueline Van Gent. "In the Name of the Father: Conceptualizing Pater Familias in the Letters of William the Silent's Children*." Renaissance Quarterly 62, no. 4 (2009): 1130–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/650025.
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AbstractFor much of their childhood and adult life, the twelve surviving children of William the Silent were separated linguistically and geographically. Many of the children forged important relationships with male primary carers who were not their biological parents. This paper explores the children's correspondence with their biological father William and with paternal figures to understand competing forms of familial authority among William's children. This paper places particular interest on analysis of the gendered negotiation of paternal bonds in the letters of William's sons and daughters, as they established multiple relationships with father figures during their childhood.
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Capistrano, Robert Charles, and Adam Weaver. "Host-guest interactions between first-generation immigrants and their visiting relatives: social exchange, relations of care and travel." International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research 11, no. 3 (August 7, 2017): 406–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcthr-11-2016-0115.
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Purpose This paper aims to examine the social interactions between Filipino immigrant-hosts residing in New Zealand and their visiting relatives (VRs) or guests from the Philippines using social exchange theory to understand their experiences. Design/methodology/approach This qualitative, multi-sited study used in-depth interviews to examine social interactions between Filipino immigrant-host families in New Zealand and their respective visiting relatives from the Philippines. Findings Hosting VRs reflects aspects of social exchange theory, and the interdependence and familial obligations related to VR travel demonstrate mutual relations of care. Maintaining relations of care within the family is an ongoing process involving intergenerational relationships that bind together immigrant-host families and their VRs. Research limitations/implications The conceptualization of the social interactions between immigrants-hosts and VRs is not generalizable owing to the small sample size and lack of representativeness. However, despite a small sample, this qualitative inquiry uncovered a series of personal meanings and understandings attached to the maintenance of familial bonds. Practical implications As immigrant-receiving countries become more culturally diverse through migration, research about other cultures will assist tourism planners in understanding the values and actions of a more varied array of residents. A better understanding of travel experiences and interactions between immigrants and their guests may provide marketers with insights into host-guest dynamics within a VR context, thus potentially enabling tourism marketers to create better marketing campaigns. Social implications Future studies may be undertaken from non-Western and Western perspectives that examine the social interactions between hosts and guests in the context of VR travel. Very little research has been conducted that addresses the meanings and understandings attached to these interactions from the perspectives of both hosting and visiting groups. This research highlights the importance of families in tourism, a contrast with the relative blindness of tourism scholarship toward relations of domesticity and sociality. Originality/value What separates the social interactions between family members in the context of visiting friends and relatives travel from the traditional host-guest paradigm is that it does not involve strangers. This study uses social exchange theory to examine social interactions between hosts and guests who are familiar with each other.
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Yeates, Nicola, and Freda Owusu-Sekyere. "The financialisation of transnational family care: a study of UK-based senders of remittances to Ghana and Nigeria." Journal of International and Comparative Social Policy 35, no. 2 (June 2019): 137–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21699763.2019.1593879.
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AbstractTransnational families occupy centre-stage in literatures on transformations in the social organisation and relations of care and welfare because they express how social bonds are sustained despite geographical separation. This paper examines some key themes arising from a research study into remittance-sending practices of UK-based Ghanaians and Nigerians in the light of research literatures on transnational family care and development finance. The data comprises qualitative interviews with 20 UK-based Ghanaian and Nigerian people who regularly send remittances to their families ‘back home’. This paper discusses a social issue that arises from the transnationalisation of family structures and relations, when migrant family members are positioned within family networks as ‘absent providers’, and familial relations eventually become financialised. The findings show the complexities of transnational living, the hardships endured by remittance-senders and the particular strains of remittance-mediated family relationships. The financialisation of family relations affects the social subjectivity and positioning of remittance-senders within the family. Strain and privation are integral to participants’ experiences of transnational family life, while themes of deception, betrayal, and expatriation also feature. The suppression of emotion is a feature of the significant labour inputs participants make in sustaining relationships within transnational families. The paper considers UK social policy implications of the findings.
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Holzer, Markus, Bianca Truthe, and Ahmad Firdaus Yosman. "On bonded sequential and parallel insertion systems." RAIRO - Theoretical Informatics and Applications 52, no. 2-3-4 (April 2018): 127–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ita/2018010.
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We introduce a new variant of insertion systems, namely bonded insertion systems. In such systems, words are not only formed by usual letters but also by bonds between letters. Words which can be inserted, have “free” bonds at their ends which control at which positions in a word they can be inserted (namely only there, where the bonds “fit”). Two kinds of bonded insertion systems are defined in this paper: so-called bonded sequential insertion systems and bonded parallel insertion systems. In a sequential system, there is only one word inserted at a time. In a parallel system, there is a word inserted at every possible position in parallel in one time step. We investigate the generative capacity of those two kinds and relate the families of generated languages to some families of the Chomsky hierarchy and to families of languages generated by Lindenmayer systems. Additionally, we investigate some closure properties.
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Grau Rebollo, Jorge, Paula Escribano Castaño, Hugo Valenzuela-Garcia, and Miranda Jessica Lubbers. "Charities as symbolic families: ethnographic evidence from Spain." Journal of Organizational Ethnography 8, no. 1 (April 1, 2019): 25–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/joe-03-2018-0012.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the care provision of charity organizations that assist people in situations of economic vulnerability. After analyzing central theoretical elements of kinning, the authors contend that charity organizations function as symbolic families for people in need.Design/methodology/approachEthnographic fieldwork was performed in two sites of a large catholic charity organization in the outskirts of Barcelona. Ethnographic fieldwork included participant observations and informal interviews with individuals located under the official poverty threshold.FindingsSymbolic family bonds among different individuals are created through the entwining of interconnectedness, obligation and commitment, sense of belonging, interdependence and the projection of symbolic spaces of hearth. The authors propose the term of “disposable families” (akin to that of Desmond’s, 2013 for dyadic relationships) because a remarkable feature of these bonds is its short-term nature.Social implicationsThe consideration of charities as symbolic families offers new insights into their social role and may contribute to reshaping the social function within emergency situations.Originality/valueThis research opens new ground for the understanding of charities as something else than care providers, as the relational dimension with clients extends beyond the conventional patron/client relationship. This fact has particular relevance in an economic context of post-crisis, with the Welfare State withdrawal and a deterioration of the traditional sources of informal support.
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Horie, Norichika. "Continuing Bonds in the Tōhoku Disaster Area." Journal of Religion in Japan 5, no. 2-3 (2016): 199–226. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22118349-00502006.
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This paper is a report of qualitative and quantitative research on “continuing bonds” between the bereaved and the deceased in the areas affected by the Great East Japan Earthquake. The disaster victims recount that it is normal for them to have conversations with the deceased, and that maintaining continuing bonds with the deceased makes them feel better. Communities of grief, within which stories about the deceased are shared, have emerged among the bereaved. There appear to be two types of representation of, and relationship with, the dead: namely, as “familiar spirits” and “unfamiliar spirits.” The closeness of relationships within a community decides which type is dominant. Many victims consider their connection to the deceased to be stronger than their connection to the priests who facilitate these bonds. Finally, based on these findings, this paper examines how religious specialists have been engaged in spiritual care, and whether such care will be successful as a post-secular activity under the conditions of “recovery secularism.”
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Perez, Iker, David Hodge, and Huiling Le. "Markov decision process algorithms for wealth allocation problems with defaultable bonds." Advances in Applied Probability 48, no. 2 (June 2016): 392–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/apr.2016.6.
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Abstract In this paper we are concerned with analysing optimal wealth allocation techniques within a defaultable financial market similar to Bielecki and Jang (2007). We study a portfolio optimization problem combining a continuous-time jump market and a defaultable security; and present numerical solutions through the conversion into a Markov decision process and characterization of its value function as a unique fixed point to a contracting operator. In this paper we analyse allocation strategies under several families of utility functions, and highlight significant portfolio selection differences with previously reported results.
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Jahoda, Robert, and Jana Godarová. "Family policy in the Czech Republic: Redistribution of wealth through the child tax bonus." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 61, no. 7 (2013): 2213–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201361072213.
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Families with children are traditionally the target group of the social system in developed countries. This paper deals with one component of family policy in the Czech Republic, which is household entitlement. The main focus is on the child tax bonus (hereafter CTB). The paper is divided into descriptive and methodological-analytical parts. The descriptive section provides basic information about the beneficiaries of CTB. In the latter section we formulate research questions about the impacts and effects of CTB. We discover that the influence of tax instruments has grown in recent years. The amount of the tax bonus for children exceeded CZK 3 billion in 2009, with almost 22% of all households with children eligible. Although CTB is income-tested, its redistributive impact is rather small – approximately 80% of recipients cannot be considered as poor. Outcomes from our microsimulation model reveal that 82 to 86% households with CTB were at the same time modelled as eligible and therefore we can use microsimulation techniques for future analyses of policy change.
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Schänzel, Heike A., and Ian Yeoman. "Trends in family tourism." Journal of Tourism Futures 1, no. 2 (March 16, 2015): 141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jtf-12-2014-0006.
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Purpose Families represent a large and growing market for the tourism industry. Family tourism is driven by the increasing importance placed on promoting family togetherness, keeping family bonds alive and creating family memories. Predictions for the future of family travel are shaped by changes in demography and social structures. With global mobility families are increasingly geographically dispersed and new family markets are emerging. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the trends that shape the understanding of families and family tourism. Design/methodology/approach This paper examines ten trends that the authors as experts in the field identify of importance and significance for the future of family tourism. Findings What emerges is that the future of family tourism lies in capturing the increasing heterogeneity, fluidity and mobility of the family market. Originality/value The paper contributes to the understanding about the changes taking place in family tourism and what it means to the tourism industry in the future.
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Hronešová, Jessie. "Bones and Recognition: Compensating families of Missing Persons in Post-War Bosnia and Herzegovina." Journal of Peacebuilding & Development 13, no. 2 (August 2018): 47–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15423166.2018.1467784.
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A growing trend in post-war transitional justice posits that structural conditions explain why only some post-war countries award material assistance to survivors of war atrocities. While these explanations provide critical insights into the processes behind compensation adoption across post-war states, they do not explain the great variance in which victims obtain compensation within post-war countries. Using the case of missing persons in Bosnia and Herzegovina, a victim category that secured compensation in 2004, I present a new model to explain compensation using a rationalist approach. The paper shows that compensation adoption is primarily driven by an opportune combination of three factors: international salience (defined as the international attention given to the victim category and/or prioritisation of its demands), moral authority (defined as the level of perceived domestic deservingness for compensation) and mobilisation resources (defined as the victim category's capacities to mobilise and the quality of its networks). Drawing on fieldwork, this article shows that the prominence of the Srebrenica genocide propelled the issue of missing persons on to domestic and external agendas, affording the surviving families an opportunity to demand special compensation.
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Almomani, Ensaf Y., Carmen Y. S. Chu, and Emmanuelle Cordat. "Mis-trafficking of bicarbonate transporters: implications to human diseasesThis paper is one of a selection of papers published in a Special Issue entitled CSBMCB 53rd Annual Meeting — Membrane Proteins in Health and Disease, and has undergone the Journal’s usual peer review process." Biochemistry and Cell Biology 89, no. 2 (April 2011): 157–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/o10-153.
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Bicarbonate is a waste product of mitochondrial respiration and one of the main buffers in the human body. Thus, bicarbonate transporters play an essential role in maintaining acid-base balance but also during fetal development as they ensure tight regulation of cytosolic and extracellular environments. Bicarbonate transporters belong to two gene families, SLC4A and SLC26A. Proteins from these two families are widely expressed, and thus mutations in their genes result in various diseases that affect bones, pancreas, reproduction, brain, kidneys, eyes, heart, thyroid, red blood cells, and lungs. In this minireview, we discuss the current state of knowledge regarding the effect of SLC4A and SLC26A mutants, with a special emphasis on mutants that have been studied in mammalian cell lines and how they correlate with phenotypes observed in mice models.
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Mendoza, Nancy, A. Nancy Mendoza, and Christine A. Fruhauf. "REFRAMING INTERGENERATIONAL FAMILIAL RELATIONSHIPS THROUGH THE STUDY OF GRANDPARENT-GRANDCHILD CONNECTIONS." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S626. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.2333.
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Abstract Intergenerational relationships include non-familial and familial connections. Common familial bonds exist between grandparents and grandchildren. Although grandparent-grandchild connections have over 40 years of research, measurement and design gaps remain. With this paper, we will address new approaches to examining grandparent and grandchild relationships in an effort to understand how this connection impacts our attitudes on aging. Specifically, we will discuss the opportunities of approaching such relationships from a longitudinal perspective. The grandparent-grandchild relationship can span close to 30 years, and yet knowledge of relationship stability and change between individuals in these family roles is limited. We will highlight the conference theme by presenting how social network analysis (SNA) applied to empirical data of grandparents raising grandchildren can reframe aging’s network ties. Further, future research using SNA with grandchildren will be addressed as a way to build on previous work, extending our knowledge of intergenerational relationships from the family perspective.
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KASTURI, MALAVIKA. "‘Asceticising’ Monastic Families: Ascetic Genealogies, Property Feuds and Anglo-Hindu Law in Late Colonial India." Modern Asian Studies 43, no. 5 (September 2009): 1039–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x08003843.
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AbstractThis paper examines a fundamental premise of Anglo-Hindu law on succession between 1860 and 1940, that kinship was emblematic of secular modes of living, to analyse its implications for the assertion of masculinity within ascetic orders in northern India. Legal discourses engaged with rights to succession within ascetic orders, by functioning on the assumption that the renunciatory life of ascetics was antithetical to sexuality and domesticity. This institutionalization of law, that defined asceticism and fixed ascetic masculinities within a legal frame, occurred with the consent of ascetic orders concerned with the ownership and distribution of property, even though sexuality and gender played a central role in shaping relationships within sacred spaces. Myriad ties embracing the language of kinship shaped ascetic orders. Bonds of sentiment and sexual attachment over-lapped with, sustained, and produced the bonds tying spiritual preceptors to their disciples. Relationships within ascetic families, consisting of men, their female companions, children and relatives, along with their attendant obligations were validated through rights of ownership and inheritance to property. Taking advantage of Anglo-Hindu law by the early twentieth century, ascetic orders sought to ‘purify’ their genealogies through the medium of property disputes fought in colonial courts. By manipulating the legal meanings ascribed to asceticism, masculinity and renunciation, these orders effaced unwanted members from their orders with varying degrees of success, especially women and children.
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Chi, Chen. "DEPENDENT INDEPENDENCE: REFRAMING AGING AND CAREGIVING AFTER CHINA’S ONE-CHILD POLICY." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S843. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.3104.
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Abstract Global aging has led to substantive demands for caregiving. In China, the country’s birth control policy and recent economic downturn have exacerbated the situation. Given the decreasing care they have received, older Chinese online users 65-74 years of age from single-child families, however, have demonstrated more positive attitudes than negative ones—expressing satisfaction and speaking highly of their adult children’s filial care. Why older Chinese come to appreciate their adult children’s filial performance? Building upon the concept of “regeneration” (Cole and Durham, 2007), I propose the term “dependent independence” to highlight the mutually constitutive parent-adult children relations in China’s single-child families. Employing a relational approach to aging and care in China, I analyze online posts from China’s most populous information-sharing platform, Zhihu. As the major cause of the care crisis in China, the One-Child Policy, I argue, creates the solution at the same time by modernizing Chinese families such that new care values and preference, specifically affective bonds and independence, have become dominant. I first demonstrate that this sample of older Chinese adults have shifted care preferences from physical support to affective bonds. I then analyze their reformulation of care values from servility to older adults to adult children’s independence and individual success. Revealing the changing values and preference of caregiving and family relations in China, this paper reminds us of what kind of future we aspire to, and what kind of values we cling to no matter as an adult child or an older adult.
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Robinson, Mary K. "Houses divided? Noble familial and class connections during the Age of Revolution and Napoleon." Virtus | Journal of Nobility Studies 26 (December 31, 2019): 9–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21827/5e021024db60d.
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As Napoleon prepared for his journey to the island of Elba in the spring of 1814, his young aide-decamp, Anatole de Montesquiou-Fezensac, begged to share in his idol’s exile. Just a week or so prior, Sosthènes de La Rochefoucauld gathered a mob to topple the statue of Napoleon from atop the Colonne Vendôme. Yet, Sosthènes and Anatole, first cousins and three years apart in age, did not let their partisan political identities break their family bond. This paper will use the example of these two men and their relatives to explore the familial and class connections that continued to bind members of the old French nobility. For the Montesquious and La Rochefoucaulds the cataclysmic social and political changes of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries did not sever the pre-existing bonds of blood and class.
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Derrick-Mills, Teresa M. "Incentives at the Eligibility Threshold: An Examination of Child Care Financial Assistance Policies." Policy Perspectives 16, no. 1 (May 6, 2009): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.4079/pp.v16i1.4239.
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For families with children, employment comes at a price. They must subtract from their wages the cost of someone else caring for their child. Their wage minus the costs of obtaining child care, transportation, and other expenses that may be generated by employment is generally referred to as the effective wage. The Child Care Development Fund (CCDF) child care subsidy voucher, the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC), and the Child and Dependent Care Credit (CDCC) are all intended to increase the effective wage of parents to support them entering and staying in the workforce. This paper explores the trade-offs between employment and effective wage that parents must make through the lens of three hypothetical North Carolina families facing promotion, bonus, and employer relocation opportunities. Through their eyes we understand why it would be rational to turn down these opportunities due to the potential loss of thousands of dollars in benefits. These situations demonstrate the weaknesses of the current system, where the needs of employers and employees become increasingly opposed as families approach the income eligibility threshold and the portability threshold. This paper proposes a policy to better align the needs of employers and employees by restructuring the incentive system to phase out benefits gradually, guarantee help to anyone who is eligible, make support sensitive to regional changes in child care prices, and administer it through the tax system rather than local social services offices throughout the country. While this paper focuses on the child care benefit system, the framework used to explore the issues of reversed incentives at the eligibility threshold can be applied to any social policy with income eligibility requirements.
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Cheseto, Nancy. "Factors Leading to High Turnover of House Helps: A Case Study of Shaabab Estate in Nakuru Town." East African Journal of Arts and Social Sciences 2, no. 1 (August 27, 2020): 60–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.37284/eajass.2.1.198.
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Most of us are familiar with the workers known as house helps. You have known them since childhood and saw them almost as much as your parents, if not more. They probably felt like family, even more so that some of your relatives. However, despite the presence of these pseudo-familial bonds, those working in this profession are experiencing high turnover. Why is that? Some may argue poor terms and conditions of work are the cause, others claim discrimination by the employers’ plays a part and some believe it’s a lack of job security. In order to ascertain a concrete understanding, all factors must be tackled individually using appropriate methodology and research approaches so as to identify hidden links that will aid in constructing the final results. What is its impact? A high turnover brings with it a whole host of effects, both positive and negative. Therefore, it is imperative to find measures to deal with such effects in a manner that enables constructive development for both the house help and the employer. How can it be addressed? Tackling this particular issue is not easy, however, upon identifying the factors driving the high turnover, proactive approaches must be taken so as to avoid or at least limit turnover of this magnitude among house helps. This paper seeks to tackle all the aforementioned issues, using reliable and verified sources, accurate figures, effective methodology and well-built design.
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Skowron, Ryszard. "Budowanie prestiżu królewskiego rodu. Związki rodzinne Wazów z dyna- stiami europejskimi." Studia Europaea Gnesnensia, no. 20 (July 8, 2020): 55–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/seg.2019.20.3.
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Marriages enabled the House of Vasa to enter into the network of courts throughout Europe and opened a way to participate in the processes of assimilation, reception or rejection of respective cultural, religious, and political paradigms. The bonds of kinship became one of the most effective instruments to raise the prestige and the standing of dynasty, which sought to occupy an ever higher position in the hierarchy of European rulers. The aim of this paper is to show how the House of Vasa functioned within he contemporaneous dynastic networks in Europe on the examples of several selected issues of strictly familial nature: inheritance of names, christenings, family reunions and financial security.
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Kiilo, Tatjana, Kairi Kasearu, and Dagmar Kutsar. "Intergenerational Family Solidarity." GeroPsych 29, no. 2 (June 2016): 71–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/1662-9647/a000144.
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Abstract. This paper focuses on the provision of help and care to the older generation, comparing the situation of those in Estonia with migrant backgrounds to those with nonmigrant backgrounds. The empirical evidence suggests that, in the case of Estonia, the main factor determining attenuated family solidarity is proximity between family members. Thus, mainly first-generation migrants whose parents live more than 100 km away are at risk from weakened family bonds. The analysis points out significant gender differences, where men are more often deprived of help and emotional support. More relations of solidarity in migrant families where different generations move together are assumed, but the empirical evidence for this conjecture is far from conclusive.
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Moreton, Emma. "“I hope you will write”." Journal of Historical Pragmatics 16, no. 2 (December 30, 2015): 277–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jhp.16.2.06mor.
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This paper examines the use of the pattern Pronoun + Verb + Pronoun (as in I hope you, you think I and she knows he) in a corpus of nineteenth-century Irish emigrant correspondence. The corpus contains 88 letters by four sisters (the Lough sisters), who emigrated from Ireland to America in the 1870s and 1880s. The study aims to investigate how these clauses — described as projection structures — function and how they contribute to the interactive nature of letters, helping to strengthen and maintain familial bonds over time and distance. Corpus methods are used first to identify and extract these patterns. A more qualitative investigation then examines the function of projection structures and how they construct and reflect author/recipient relationships.
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GALES, Luís, Sandra MACEDO-RIBEIRO, Gemma ARSEQUELL, Gregorio VALENCIA, Maria João SARAIVA, and Ana Margarida DAMAS. "Human transthyretin in complex with iododiflunisal: structural features associated with a potent amyloid inhibitor." Biochemical Journal 388, no. 2 (May 24, 2005): 615–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20042035.
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Ex vivo and in vitro studies have revealed the remarkable amyloid inhibitory potency and specificity of iododiflunisal in relation to transthyretin [Almeida, Macedo, Cardoso, Alves, Valencia, Arsequell, Planas and Saraiva (2004) Biochem. J. 381, 351–356], a protein implicated in familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy. In the present paper, the crystal structure of transthyretin complexed with this diflunisal derivative is reported, which enables a detailed analysis of the protein–ligand interactions. Iododiflunisal binds very deep in the hormone-binding channel. The iodine substituent is tightly anchored into a pocket of the binding site and the fluorine atoms provide extra hydrophobic contacts with the protein. The carboxylate substituent is involved in an electrostatic interaction with the Nζ of a lysine residue. Moreover, ligand-induced conformational alterations in the side chain of some residues result in the formation of new intersubunit hydrogen bonds. All these new interactions, induced by iododiflunisal, increase the stability of the tetramer impairing the formation of amyloid fibrils. The crystal structure of this complex opens perspectives for the design of more specific and effective drugs for familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy patients.
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Allen, Chris, and Özlem Ögtem-Young. "Brexit, Birmingham, belonging and home: the experience of secondary migrant Somali families and the dirty work of boundary maintenance." Safer Communities 19, no. 2 (April 15, 2020): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sc-10-2019-0035.
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Purpose This study aims to investigate the impact of the Brexit referendum on feelings of belonging and home among secondary migrant Somali families in the city of Birmingham. Here, the Brexit referendum is understood through the analytical framework of the politics of belonging in that it functioned as a political mechanism that demarcated who was able to belong and who was not. Design/methodology/approach This research was qualitatively designed, comprising 25 in-depth, semi-structured interviews that used a whole family methodological approach. In doing so, this paper considers how the referendum challenged notions of citizenship as well as community and individual identities. Findings For the families engaged, they experienced the referendum as a mechanism that immediately conveyed notions of “otherness” and “foreign-ness” onto them, thereby creating anxiety, uncertainty and instability. This paper argues that the emotional components of belonging were also challenged to the extent that feelings of security, safety and “home” became rendered meaningless through the disempowering impact of the referendum via the removal of autonomy and choice in the bonds that exist between people and places. Originality/value This paper generates new knowledge about the impact of the Brexit referendum. As “one-off” event, this research provides new insights into the political, social and cultural impacts of the vote. It considers a minority group that is seen to be hard to reach and thereby under-researched.
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Mikkelsen, Marie Vestergaard, and Bodil Stilling Blichfeldt. "Grand parenting by the pool." Young Consumers 19, no. 2 (June 18, 2018): 127–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/yc-04-2017-00675.
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PurposeHolidays are often conceptualized as an opportunity for individuals to escape everyday life responsibilities, roles and relations. However, families bring with them domestic, everyday life responsibilities, bonds and relationships while holidaying. So far, research on family holidays has emphasized the nuclear family, largely assuming that holidays include a husband-wife-child(ren) constellation. However, family holidays come in many different forms, and this paper aims to focus on the under-researched issue of grandparents and grandchildren vacationing together.Design/methodology/approachDrawing on 81 qualitativein situinterviews with grandparents, who vacation together with their grandchildren at Danish caravan sites, this paper explores how grandparents and grandchildren “do” family during joint holidays. Although attempts were made to give voice to children, the paper predominantly uses data from interviews with grandparents.FindingsAlthough grandparent–grandchildren holidays resemble nuclear family holidays in a number of ways, significant differences are also identified. Key differences are that these holidays enable grandparents and grandchildren to interact both more intensively and in ways they cannot do (as easily) at home; are a means for grandparents to help and support their children; allow for grandparents and grandchildren to be both together and apart; and are critical to how contemporary families enact and “do” family across generations.Originality/valueThe paper deepens knowledge on the under-explored topic of extended family consumption in tourism and points to grandparent–grandchild holidays as an important element of how grandparents “do” family.
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Tomer, Samaira. "UNEARTHING PARENTHOOD IN THE NIGERIAN CULTURE THROUGH THE EXAMPLES OF THE PARENTAL FIGURES IN THE NOVEL THINGS FALL APART BY CHINUA ACHEBE." International Journal of Advanced Research 9, no. 08 (August 31, 2021): 830–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/13333.
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This essay aims to unearth parenthood in the Nigerian culture through the examples of parental figures in the novel Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe. This paper will be citing various studies about Nigerian family structure, bonds and relationship it will also be analysing various incidents throughout the course of the novel. The paper will also be discussing the short term and long term effects of parenting on a child. The paper will take a deeper look into the familial relationships in the Igbo society and the parenting style that they usually followed. It will outline the failure of parental figures in certain incidents with reference to the attachment theory. The paper will be analysing the relationship between Unoka and Okonkwo and its long term effect on Okonkwo, the relationship between Ikemefuna and Okonkwo and the relationship between Nwoye and Okonkwo. The paper will be discussing major events in these relationships and will compare it with the ideal style of parenting. To conclude, the paper would finally unearth parenthood in the Nigerian culture through the examples of parental figures.
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Viesturs, Jānis, Iveta Puķīte, Jānis Vanags, and Irakli Nikuradze. "Limiting the Program of Temporary Residence Permits for Foreigners Based on Real Property Investment in Latvia." Baltic Journal of Real Estate Economics and Construction Management 5, no. 1 (November 27, 2017): 248–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bjreecm-2017-0019.
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Abstract There exists sharp competition amongst nations regarding the increasing foreign investments; therefore, nations are willing to offer foreign investors and their families some type of political bonus, such as temporary residence permit, permanent residence permit, or even citizenship. The simplest way to entice investors is to offer them and their family members temporary residence permits in exchange for investments - simply by purchasing real property (via the so-called “Golden Visa” program). Such a program was launched in Latvia in 2010; however, significant limitations were placed on it in 2014. This research (1) compares the “Golden Visa” programs in different countries in the world, (2) determines the impact of the program on the real property market of Latvia, and (3) searches for the main reason why limitations were applied to the temporary residence permit program in 2014, which resulted in a significant decrease in the international investments in Latvia (this part of the paper is based on the results of the following research: Viesturs, J., Auziņš, A., & Štaube, T. (2017). Arguments Used for Restricting International Real Property Transactions: Case Study of Latvia).
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Aristodemou, Georgia. "Eros Figures in the Iconography of Death." Eikon / Imago 10 (February 8, 2021): 25–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/eiko.74134.
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This paper discusses the intense presence of Eros figures in funerary monuments from the region of Macedonia during the roman period, evolving around the perception of death, the familial bonds and social structure that these monuments reveal. Eros, depicted either leaning on or holding an inverted torch, or sleeping on a rock, when placed upon graves is perceived as Eros funéraire. The funerary connotations of Eros figures often assimilate them with Sleep, Death, and the eternal sadness of Death. Especially when used in the funerary monuments of children, these figures accentuate the parental grief for the loss of their children. On the other hand, the childlike representation of Eros symbolizes the eternal beauty of youth and the parental hope that their deceased children will continue enjoying a happy afterlife.
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Dybina, O. V. "ORIENTATION OF CHILDREN TOWARDS A FAMILY IN THE PROCESS OF GETTING FAMILIAR WITH PARENTS’ CHILDHOOD." Vektor nauki Tol'yattinskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya Pedagogika i psihologiya, no. 4 (2020): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.18323/2221-5662-2020-4-15-19.
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The practice of preschool education insufficiently shows the system of work on getting preschool-age children familiar with parents’ childhood, undervalues the effectiveness of this process, its influence on the formation of family values, the desire to follow suit parents as the examples in the behavior and actions. The paper reveals the problem of the orientation of preschool-age children towards the family in the process of getting children familiar with parents’ childhood. The relevance of the study is justified by the process of updating the approaches to the organization of interaction of kindergarten teachers with the family, the formation of a valued attitude to the family. The study shows that adult family members and preschool-age children do not have sufficient information about each other. Children find it difficult to name their parents’ professions, not always tend to speak about the family. All this gives evidence of the loss of generational connection, and, as a result, insufficiently formed ideas about the family in children; the loss of perception of the family as a value; the weak emotional bonds between parents and children. According to the results of the study, the author identified that the orientation of preschoolers towards the family is possible when getting children familiar with parents, their childhood. The research pays special attention to the disclosure of bright events from parents’ childhood, their relations with their family members, and important moments from their lives. In the process of getting preschool-age children familiar with their parents’ childhood, children begin to take pride in their family, fill interest in their family as the bearer of family traditions.
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Suhaimi, Suhaimi, Agustri Purwandi, and Akhmad Farid Mawardi Sufyan. "Binsabin dan Tongngebban as Madurese Local Wisdom: An Anthropology of Islamic Law Analyses." AL-IHKAM: Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial 16, no. 1 (June 27, 2021): 161–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.19105/al-lhkam.v16i1.3861.
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There is a unique tradition in the Madurese community of East Java, namely Binsabin and Tongngebban. Both are the absolute requirements for a valid engagement. It means that the engagement is not totally legal without the two things. In the perspective of Islamic law, this is permitted, but from an anthropological perspective, found that there is a social inheritance that is imposed on social bonds, the rules of marriage law and ceremonies in the marriage process. In line with that, this paper wants to describe a local wisdom in a proportional framework, not only seeing society legally, but also society must be seen as a culture (anthropology). This paper is collected from data interviews with two different types of community groups. The results of the study show that first, from an anthropological perspective; the binsabin and tongngebban traditions express the fulfillment of individual psycho-biological needs and maintain the continuity of life of social groups. Anthropology also shows strong the Madurese community is in upholding this tradition from generation to generation even though times round and round. Second, in the perspective of Islamic law, this tradition seeks to build three things, first building a strong agreement between fellow Muslim families, second establishing friendship so as to create a strong emotional bond, third sharing the joy that shown by giving gifts or goods so as to increase the strength of brotherly bonds by religious way (engagement).
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Farias, Angela Isabel Peña, and Rosa María Voghon Hernández. "Social workers’ construction of “family” in Cuban context." Journal of Comparative Social Work 10, no. 2 (December 18, 2015): 195–228. http://dx.doi.org/10.31265/jcsw.v10i2.132.
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This paper presents preliminary research about the process of the construction of concepts in social work. In this case, it is referred to as a social worker’s construction of “family” as a concept and as a field of practice in a current Cuban context. Based on an exploratory and qualitative research design, the paper presents an analysis that also opens to the discussion about social work with families in Cuba. The findings shows that Cuban social workers think of family as a group with cohabitation and affinity, which is more important than consanguinity, as a dimension for family definitions. They also point at structures of family, special bonds in family network and the social internal and external functions of family in their definitions. Among these functions, the transmission of cultural values, as well as the emotional support and shelter for members, seems relevant.
Regarding family as a field of practice, they all share the criteria that is necessary for practice to develop a contextual analysis of each situation that goes from macro-contextual aspects to the micro-reality of family. The importance of structural matters and their impact on family functions is also a common idea, which is nucleated around a multigenerational reality of Cuban families and evaluated as a positive or negative impact depending on the case in question.
They consider social work with families, and social work in general, to be in a critical situation in relation to losing professionalization and social recognition. The reasons explaining these ideas have to do with the instability of social work institutionalization and the recent retraction of social services. These variations have obeyed the changes in a Cuban context that affects the entire welfare system and social work’s position in it.
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Ebot, Mathias E. "Gender Caring: The Everyday Construction of Black African Parents in Finland." Finnish Yearbook of Population Research 49 (December 31, 2014): 143–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.23979/fypr.48428.
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The Nordic countries are now firmly ensconced in academia as gender-friendly welfare states. They are seen as pioneering countries with respect to changes in family life and gender relations and thus present an interesting forum for family research. This paper explores how gender caring relates to gender, religion and parenting in Sub-Saharan African families in the context of immigration to Finland. A constructionist perspective is employed to illuminate how guidelines or scripts established in these parents’ cultures are actively used and how they in turn influence their gender relations. Gender caring is conceptualized as an ethic of reciprocity, solidarity and obligation to ensure interdependence and strong bonds among black African parents. The article draws on in-depth interviews conducted with twelve couples mainly in the Helsinki area (which includes Helsinki, Espoo, Vantaa and Kauniainen).
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Ng’umbi, Yunusy Castory. "Betwixt and Between: Negotiating Parental Abandonment and Family Life in Sade Adeniran’s Imagine this." Utafiti 13, no. 2 (March 18, 2018): 154–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26836408-01302009.
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Using African feminist and post-colonial theories, this paper examines the representation of the institution of family in Sade Adeniran’s Imagine This, in order to explore the character’s creation of a third space – one that is ambivalent and traumatic – in her context of divorce and family abandonment. As depicted in the narrative, a major reason behind such family tragedies is an overlap between patriarchy and the postcolonial state. Thus, through the protagonist’s troubled identity and traumatic experience due to her family’s dynamics, the narrative questions the role of a child in reconnecting fragmented family bonds. This heroine’s traumatised hatred of her culture and of the institution of motherhood raises questions about the future of African feminism. If this ideology marginalises culture and renders motherhood as an institution no longer centrally important to contemporary African women, then it requires critical engagement. I explore how the literary genre inspired by African feminism enters established socio-cultural spaces critically and interrogates family dynamics ruthlessly. And I query whether it offers any solutions to the dilemmas of women that are uncovered and illuminated thereby. I will argue that the child protagonist in this narrative is presented not merely as a victim of circumstance – existing as she does betwixt and between family identities that are simultaneously familiar and strange – she is also depicted as attempting valiantly to reconnect the fragmented family bonds.
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Kempeneers, Marianne, Éva Lelièvre, and Catherine Bonvalet. "The Contribution of a Longitudinal Approach to Family Solidarity Surveys: Reflections on the Temporality of Exchanges." Canadian Studies in Population 34, no. 1 (December 31, 2007): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.25336/p67k69.
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The topic of intergenerational family solidarity which is the focus of unprecedented interest for both policy makers and researchers, has promoted numerous studies centered on the bonds that unite generations and the dynamics of family solidarity through time. The notion of time is thus central to this field of research. In this paper, after an overview of various longitudinal perspectives adopted in family solidarity surveys; we identify the major methodological challenges raised by the dynamics of “family solidarity”. Three distinct temporal aspects must be considered: historical time, which applies to the maintenance of solidarity over time despite structural change in both families and society; generational time implied by the primacy of intergenerational exchanges; and finally, biographical time, which refers to the calendar of individual and family trajectories. An extensive array of quantitative data collections are examined to illustrate how they allow to study these different aspects of the temporality of exchanges.
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Polowick, Patricia L., David S. Baliski, Cheryl Bock, Heather Ray, and Fawzy Georges. "Over-expression of α-galactosidase in pea seeds to reduce raffinose oligosaccharide contentThis paper is one of a selection of papers published in a Special Issue from the National Research Council of Canada – Plant Biotechnology Institute." Botany 87, no. 6 (June 2009): 526–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b09-020.
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The raffinose family of oligosaccharides (RFO) is a series of complex carbohydrates stored in seeds of many plant families, especially in legumes. The digestive system of nonruminant animals, including that of humans, cannot break down all of the chemical bonds in these carbohydrates; therefore, catabolism is achieved anaerobically by intestinal flora. The resulting digestive problems reduce acceptance and limit the widespread consumption of these otherwise nutritious seeds. To demonstrate a solution to this problem, transgenic lines of pea ( Pisum sativum L.) expressing the α-galactosidase gene from coffee ( Coffea arabica L.) were developed. Plants with a single copy of the inserted gene were selected, and two of these lines showed significant reductions of up to 40% in oligosaccharide content (raffinose, stachyose). Quantitative RT-PCR confirmed the presence of the α-galactosidase RNA in both leaves and cotyledons. Sugars were analyzed using whole seeds or only a portion of a seed; in the latter case, germination rates for each of the seeds analyzed were determined. The reduced raffinose contents did not affect germination rates, which remained very high (96%). The relative oligosaccharide contents of tissues within a seed also were determined; these were highest in the embryo axis, lower in the cotyledon and lowest in the seed coat.
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Ylä-Anttila, Tuukka. "Familiarity as a tool of populism." Acta Sociologica 60, no. 4 (December 26, 2016): 342–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0001699316679490.
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Populist argumentation claims to represent ‘the people’ against ‘the elite’, appealing to emotions and reacting to a sense of crisis. By analysing a public debate in Finland in which populist arguments appropriate a culturally shared, familiar experience – that of singing Suvivirsi, the Summer Hymn – I argue that evoking familiarity is an effective way of ‘doing populism’. Analysing media texts from 2002 to 2014 and a questionnaire to political candidates in 2011, and using Laurent Thévenot’s sociology of engagements, the article shows that appeals to the familiarity of the hymn are particularly compatible with the populist valorization of the experience of the common people. Familiarity thus constitutes a central tool in the toolkit of populism. Remembering the shared experience of singing the hymn bonds the assumed ‘people’ together and gives an emotional charge to populist arguments. By drawing on pragmatist political sociology and analysing politics ‘in action’ in everyday disputes, the paper makes a novel contribution to the scholarship of populism.
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Rappa, Antonio L. "The Politics of Ageing: Perspectives from State and Society in Singapore." Asian Journal of Social Science 27, no. 2 (1999): 123–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/030382499x00084.
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AbstractAn understanding of the extent and degree of political influence on the elderly is crucial in any constituency. The paper analyses how state and civil society actors (1) anticipate the problems associated with an increasingly ageing population; and (2) provide solutions that reconcile the importance of material sustenance through economic performance while preserving traditional kinship ties through familial bonds. The article hopes to encourage more academic analyses on the issues, prejudices and biases associated with ageing and the elderly in Singapore. A politics of ageing exists because the state and society are faced with a question of governance for this cohort of citizens: (1) What policies and resources from state and society should be devoted to their needs? (2) Where will these resources be derived from? (3) When should such policies be implemented and resources delivered? (4) How will we know that policies implemented are effective? Ultimately, a politics of ageing dependent on materialism will succeed or fail by those materialist standards.
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Breen, Clarie, Jenny Krutzinna, Katre Luhamaa, and Marit Skivenes. "Family Life for Children in State Care." International Journal of Children’s Rights 28, no. 4 (August 19, 2020): 715–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718182-28040001.
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Abstract This paper examines what set of familial circumstances allow for the justifiable interference with the right to respect for family life under Article 8, echr. We analyse all the Courts’ judgments on adoptions from care to find out what the Court means by a “family unit” and the “child´s best interest”. Our analysis show that the status and respect of the child’s de facto family life is changing. This resonates with a view that children do not only have formal rights, but that they are recognised as individuals within the family unit that states and courts must address directly. Family is both biological parents and child relationships, as well between children and foster parents, and to a more limited extent between siblings themselves. The Court’s understanding of family is in line with the theoretical literature, wherein the concept of family reflects the bonds created by personal, caring relationships and activities.
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Capistrano, Robert Charles, and Maria Aurora Correa Bernardo. "Mother knows best: exploring the matrilineal influence in family tourism among Filipinos living in New Zealand." Young Consumers 19, no. 2 (June 18, 2018): 218–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/yc-08-2017-00727.
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Purpose This paper aims to examine the personal meanings of hosting experiences of first-generation immigrant families, particularly Filipino mothers in New Zealand, with their visiting relatives (VRs) from the Philippines by using the conceptual lens of hospitality. Design/methodology/approach Through a qualitative approach, a multi-sited fieldwork was carried out to examine kinship ties that bind immigrant-host families in New Zealand with their VRs from the Philippines. Results of in-depth interviews of immigrant-host mothers on their recollections of family visits were thematically analysed. Findings The main drivers that shape the hosting experiences of the research participants are modelling filial piety, fulfilling cultural expectations and strengthening family bonds. These main drivers enable sustaining intergenerational ties that unite the mother’s families in the Philippines and those in New Zealand. Research limitations/implications The study elucidates the complex dynamics of culturally connected and motivated domestic hospitality, where the mother is the main protagonist and orchestrator. This dominance is often subdued, and thus, marketing for family often misses the mark. While the study has a small sample size and therefore lacks representativeness, qualitative accounts have produced an enriched cognitive schema that would enable an interesting way of examining the phenomenon. Practical implications This study reveals that matrilineal influence on family tourism among migrant Filipinos in New Zealand is strong and culturally influenced. Further studies may be done with families from other cultures and families. From a practical perspective, the findings suggest the importance of marketing tourism or hospitality products that facilitate visiting friends and relatives’ travel through domestic hospitality. Social implications This research calls for reforms in the way family tourism is marketed. While commercial imperatives did not drive this research, findings indicate that certain cultures adhere to the wisdom of mothers on making the final decision on how hospitality has to be extended and manifested. Originality/value In the context of family tourism, inadequate research has been undertaken to examine the perspectives of women and their role as host in the travel of VFR. This study purports to fill in the gap in literature related to hosting experiences of women in the context of family tourism and VFR travel and to consider the voices of women in their new homeland.
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Scollo, Michelle, Megan Bayly, Sarah White, Kylie Lindorff, and Melanie Wakefield. "Tobacco product developments in the Australian market in the 4 years following plain packaging." Tobacco Control 27, no. 5 (October 9, 2017): 580–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2017-053912.
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This paper aimed to identify continued and emerging trends in the Australian tobacco market following plain packaging implementation, over a period of substantial increases in tobacco taxes. Since 2012, our surveillance activities (including review of trade product and price lists, ingredient reports submitted by tobacco companies to government and monitoring of the retail environment) found several trends in the factory-made cigarette market. These include the continued release of extra-long and slim cigarettes and packs with bonus cigarettes, particularly in the mainstream and premium market segments; new menthol capsule products; other novel flavourings in cigarettes; filter innovations including recessed and firm filters; continued use of evocative and descriptive product names; the proliferation of the new super-value market segment; and umbrella branding, where new products are introduced within established brand families. Several similar trends were also observed within the smoking tobacco market. While not all of these trends were new to the Australian market at the time of plain packaging implementation, their continued and increased use is notable. Plain packaging legislation could be strengthened to standardise cigarette and pack size, restrict brand and variant names, and ban features such as menthol capsules and filters innovations that provide novelty value or that may provide false reassurance to smokers.
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Alwardi, Anwar, Akram Alqesmah, R. Rangarajan, and Ismail Naci Cangul. "Entire Zagreb indices of graphs." Discrete Mathematics, Algorithms and Applications 10, no. 03 (June 2018): 1850037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793830918500374.
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The Zagreb indices have been introduced in 1972 to explain some properties of chemical compounds at molecular level mathematically. Since then, the Zagreb indices have been studied extensively due to their ease of calculation and their numerous applications in place of the existing chemical methods which needed more time and increased the costs. Many new kinds of Zagreb indices are recently introduced for several similar reasons. In this paper, we introduce the entire Zagreb indices by adding incidency of edges and vertices to the adjacency of the vertices. Our motivation in doing so was the following fact about molecular graphs: The intermolecular forces do not only exist between the atoms, but also between the atoms and bonds, so one should also take into account the relations (forces) between edges and vertices in addition to the relations between vertices to obtain better approximations to intermolecular forces. Exact values of these indices for some families of graphs are obtained and some important properties of the entire Zagreb indices are established.
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Boulton, Jeremy. "Material London, ca. 1600. Edited by Lena C. Orlin. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2000. Pp. x, 393. $65.00, cloth; $26.50, paper." Journal of Economic History 61, no. 4 (December 2001): 1114–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050701005599.
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This volume represents the proceedings of a conference held at the Folger Shakespeare Library in 1995. It consists of five parts. In part 1, “Meanings of Material London,” David Harris Sacks explores the 1601 Essex Rebellion and finds its failure in the primacy that commercial relationships now held over older patron–client bonds. Will Kemp's Morris dance from London to Norwich, meanwhile, seemingly illustrates the way in which market capitalism corrupted civic virtue and traditional hospitality. Derek Keene's richly documented survey of the London economy reinforces the value of a long-term perspective on the capital's growth. The roots of London's consumption patterns can be traced back as far as 1300, and much of its skilled trades and mercantile expertise derived from Continental rather than native sources. Part 2 examines “Consumer Culture: Domesticating Foreign Fashion.” The title of Joan Thirsk's thoughtful essay “England's Provinces: Did They Serve or Drive Material London?” is an accurate guide to its content. Existing provincial skills could be exploited to develop new industries or crops catering either to the London market, or to gentry and aristocracy intent on creating islands of metropolitan taste in the provinces. Jane Schneider shows how the accession of James I ushered in a world in glorious technicolor, a welcome relief to the relative drabness of high Elizabethan fashion, and relates this sartorial revolution to familiar changes in England's overseas trade. Color is of concern also to Anne Jones and Peter Stallybrass, who describe the growing popularity of yellow “mantles” in the early seventeenth century, an enthusiasm that ignored their criminal and, worse, Irish associations. Jean Howard analyses Westward Ho, in order to explore attitudes to foreigners. Ian Archer's rewarding essay “Material Londoners?” begins part 3 of the volume. He explores the limited extent to which “new,” “acquisitive” commercial values conflicted with traditional Christian personal and communal values. This is followed by Gail Paster's examination of that age's peculiar fashion for ever more violent purges and evacuations. Patricia Fumerton contributes an essay notable for its wrongheaded conflation of the experience of vagrancy with that of London's servants and apprentices.
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KUMARI BHAT, ANITHA, and RAJ DHRUVARAJAN. "Ageing in India: drifting intergenerational relations, challenges and options." Ageing and Society 21, no. 5 (September 2001): 621–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x0100842x.
Full textAbstract:
India, like many other developing countries in the world, is presently witnessing rapid ageing of its population. Almost eight out of 10 older people in India live in rural areas. Urbanisation, modernisation and globalisation have led to changes in economic structure, erosion of societal values and the weakening of social institutions such as the joint family. In this changing economic and social milieu, the younger generation is searching for new identities encompassing economic independence and redefined social roles within, as well as outside, the family. The changing economic structure has reduced the dependence of rural families on land, which had provided strength to bonds between generations. The traditional sense of duty and obligation of the younger generation towards their older generation is being eroded. The older generation is caught between the decline in traditional values on the one hand and the absence of an adequate social security system, on the other. This paper explores the nature and extent of the social and economic pressures that are impinging on intergenerational relationships and discusses the implications for policy towards improving the wellbeing of India’s senior citizens.
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Whiteside, Heather. "Foreign in a domestic sense: Puerto Rico’s debt crisis and paradoxes in critical urban studies." Urban Studies 56, no. 1 (May 29, 2018): 147–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098018768483.
Full textAbstract:
The 2017 Puerto Rican debt crisis is as instructive as it is sad, reflective of the familiar pressures of late modern capitalism (namely neoliberalisation, financialisation, crisis, and austerity) as well as its own unique dynamics percolating through four hundred years of colonialism and a century of legal subjugation to Washington, DC. Neither one-off explanations of fiscal crisis nor casual conflation with other cases suffice to adequately account for this, or any other, public sector debt crises. Puerto Rico is both foreign and domestic, it is neither state nor municipality but its bonds are treated as such, it reflects larger trends and is circumscribed by its own unique history, subtle economic explanations are matched by bald, large-P politics. Analytical conundrums such as these are confounding and lead to perennial, potentially circular and irresolvable, debate in the critical urban studies literature. This paper explores whether the possibility of using the philosophical notion of paradox – a situation where sound reasoning leads to incomplete, unsatisfying, or unexpected results or consequences – and Zeno’s famous paradoxes in particular, can serve as allegorical heuristics capable of provoking new theories, expectations, or assumptions in urban studies.
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Raymo, Françisco M. "Photoactivatable Fluorophores." ISRN Physical Chemistry 2012 (September 17, 2012): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/619251.
Full textAbstract:
Photoactivatable fluorophores switch from a nonemissive to an emissive state upon illumination at an activating wavelength and then emit after irradiation at an exciting wavelength. The interplay of such activation and excitation events can be exploited to switch fluorescence on in a defined region of space at a given interval of time. In turn, the spatiotemporal control of fluorescence translates into the opportunity to implement imaging and spectroscopic schemes that are not possible with conventional fluorophores. Specifically, photoactivatable fluorophores permit the monitoring of dynamic processes in real time as well as the reconstruction of images with subdiffraction resolution. These promising applications can have a significant impact on the characterization of the structures and functions of biomolecular systems. As a result, strategies to implement mechanisms for fluorescence photoactivation with synthetic fluorophores are particularly valuable. In fact, a number of versatile operating principles have already been identified to activate the fluorescence of numerous members of the main families of synthetic dyes. These methods are based on either the irreversible cleavage of covalent bonds or the reversible opening and closing of rings. This paper overviews the fundamental mechanisms that govern the behavior of these photoresponsive systems, illustrates structural designs for fluorescence photoactivation, and provides representative examples of photoactivatable fluorophores in actions.