Academic literature on the topic 'Book of that which is in the nether world'
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Journal articles on the topic "Book of that which is in the nether world"
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Martynenko, Ekaterina А. "ALASDAIR GRAY’S LANARK (1981): WORKING WITH PRECEDENT TEXTS OF THE SCIENCE FICTION CANON." Practices & Interpretations: A Journal of Philology, Teaching and Cultural Studies 7, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 150–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.18522/2415-8852-2022-1-150-161.
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The article is devoted to the analysis of Alasdair Gray’s debut novel Lanark (1981) in the context of the world science fiction genre canon. The novel is marked by complex intertextual links, which go beyond quotations and imagery as the writer creatively employs established genre models. Lanark’s fantastic books aim at criticizing consumerism and capitalist totalitarianism. For this reason, they present a number of references to both Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World and George Orwell’s 1984. The novel also contains utopian elements. However, socialist ideals still remain an unattainable dream referable to the alternative past or hypothetical future. In addition, Lanark shows features intrinsic to the science fiction menippea of the Gulliver’s Travels type. These features demonstrate extraordinary liberty of plot, combination of profound symbolism and slum naturalism, protagonist’s eccentric behavior with his subsequent overthrowing, widespread use of inserted genres, three-planned construction (Earth, Olympus, nether-world) coupled with plot testing of the idea of union between power and science. In addition, Gray’s novel puts together science fiction, historical facts and memoirs, just as Vonnegut’s novelistic experiments do. This allows us to speak about Lanark as a genre hybrid of science fiction and autobiography.
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Stanford, Charlotte A. "Beyond Words: New Research on Manuscripts in Boston Collections, ed. Jeffrey F. Hamburger, Lisa Fagin Davis, Anne-Marie Eze, Nancy Netzer, and William P. Stoneman. Text, Image, Context: Studies in Medieval Manuscript Illumination, 8. Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies, 2021, 361 pp, 291 col. Ill." Mediaevistik 34, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 274–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3726/med.2021.01.20.
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This study stems from an exhibition/ conference of the same name, “Beyond Words,” presented in Boston in 2006; however, it goes well beyond the bounds of a conventional exhibition catalog, which was produced at the time to accompany the objects on display. The volume produced here expands these initial parameters to consider additional questions about the manuscripts held in these Boston collections, notably Houghton Library at Harvard University, McMullen Museum of Art at Boston College, and the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum of Boston. The book is divided into four major sections, devoted respectively to monastic manuscripts (3 essays), courtly culture and patronage (5 essays), princes, patricians, prelates and pontiffs (4 essays), and illuminating history (3 essays) with a coda on manuscripts in the modern era provided by the final essay. As the editors remark in their introduction, the emphasis is Christian and central European; this is due in part to the collection parameters themselves (the above institutions have no Ethiopian or Hebrew manuscripts, for example) and in part by limitations of time and focus (there are a number of Islamic manuscripts in the Boston collections which have not been included here but would be well worth exploring in a separate study of their own). The richness and depth of the sixteen essays here offer insights into many aspects of the late medieval world. The chapter by Patricia Stirnemann on Gilbert de la Porrée traces book collection of the works of a single, theologically problematic author, and offers a valuable case study on the transmission of writings by a scholar charged (though exonerated) with heresy. Brigitte Miriam Bedos-Rezak demonstrates how the charters of the abbey of Sawley preserved in the Houghton library allow us to consider the “medial role” of document writing, and how this practice assisted an English Cistercian monastery to shape its own representation with its neighbors by crafting records of land ownership disputes. Kathryn M. Rudy examines manuscript workshops among nuns in Delft in the fifteenth century, providing a vivid model of book production practices in these devotional contexts.
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Reinhartz, Adele. "Mirror Mirror on the Wall: The Bible and Ethics in Jordan Peele’s 2019 film Us." Interpretation: A Journal of Bible and Theology 78, no. 3 (June 16, 2024): 190–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00209643241243047.
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Jordan Peele’s horror movie, Us, takes moral ambiguity to its logical extreme by creating a world, or, rather, two worlds, in which good and evil mirror each other on multiple planes—the narrative, the visual, the spatial, the racial, the ethical—and by its use of a biblical verse—Jer 11:11. The Wilsons, who inhabit “our” world, view the “Tethered”, who inhabit a nether world, as evil insofar as they have emerged from the shadows to terrorize and kill them. The Tethered, however, view the humans as evil, insofar as they take for granted the ability to enjoy and act in the world. Like the prophet Jeremiah, the film draws the audience’s attention to its own iniquity—and the consequences.
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Graban, Michał. "Dwa rodzaje państwa w filozofii świętego Augustyna – wokół sensu kryterium różnicującego." Civitas. Studia z filozofii polityki 20 (June 30, 2017): 177–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.35757/civ.2017.20.09.
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The author discusses two cities as interpreted by St. Augustine, the Doctor of the Church. While the first one, which Augustine personally experienced on the example of the fall of the Roman Empire, is temporal, the second is located in the nether world. However, we can experience the blessings of the latter here and now provided that we live according to the word of God, i.e. in a Christian manner. The author uses the example of Rome and its earthly glories and refers to the history of the Hebrew kingdoms described in the Bible to outline various contexts of this dichotomy. He presents a critique of Roman polytheism, classified by Augustine as a false religion, and shows the profound political, social and historical significance of his teaching about the two cities. He concludes that St. Augustine’s teaching remains up-to-date in the present-day world.
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Страдомский, Ян, and Мария Иванова. "Несколько замечаний о необычной славянской редакции "Видения апостола Павла" из рукописных cобраний в Польше." Studia Ceranea 4 (December 30, 2014): 193–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/2084-140x.04.12.
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The apocryphal Apocalypse of St. Paul the Apostlebelongs to the group of early-Christian texts which exerted significant impact on people’s perceptionof the nether world and the Last Judgment. In the Middle Ages, the text was known in the area ofwestern and eastern Christian literary tradition. Numerous translations also include the renditionof the Apocalypse of St. Paul the Apostle into Church Slavonic, made in Bulgaria between the 10thand the 11th century, whose presence and distribution in the area of southern Slavdom and Rutheniais confirmed by copies of manuscripts. The article is devoted to a manuscript of the Apocalypse ofSt. Paul the Apostle hitherto overlooked in studies, whose unique form supplements and makes theSlavic textual tradition of the manuscript more comprehensible. The unique feature of the discussedcopy is supplementation of the text with an ending, present only in the ancient Syrian and Coptictranslations of the apocryphal text.
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de Grauwe, Luc. "“In Overlandsche ende in Duytsche sprake” und “Die alghemene Duytsche tael”." Amsterdamer Beiträge zur älteren Germanistik 77, no. 3-4 (October 19, 2017): 637–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18756719-12340096.
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Abstract The first printed Dutch grammar was entitled Twe-spraack vande Nederduitsche letterkunst (1548). In many places, the grammar names its own language simply Duytsch, but the book also uses this term – depending on context or audience, not seldom melting one significance into another – for what now is known as ‘Continental (West) Germanic’ (“Ick spreeck int ghemeen vande duytse taal, die zelve voor één taal houdende”, p. 110), referring to the entire complex of linguistic varieties, which nowadays come under the cognate standard languages Dutch (formerly in English Low/Nether Dutch) and German (High Dutch). Many textbooks, grammars, dictionaries etc. in 16th- to 18th-century Netherlands and Flanders strikingly reserved simple Duytsch for their own language (hence Dutch), contrasting it with ‘marked’ Hoogduytsch or even Overland(t)sch (avoiding hyperonymic -duytsch!). In addition to a treatment of the term Duytsch, this article also deals with some other, strongly related cruces in the Twe-spraack.
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BEZKOPYLNY, Oleksandr, Lyudmila SUSHCHENKO, and Andrey ARTYUCHENKO. "THE PECULIARITIES OF THE FUTURE TEACHERS OF PHYSICAL CULTURE’S PREPARATION IN THE NETHERLANDS’ HIGHER EDUCATION ESTABLISHMENTS." Cherkasy University Bulletin: Pedagogical Sciences, no. 2 (2020): 202–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.31651/2524-2660-2020-2-202-207.
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Introduction. The peculiarities of the future teachers of physical culture’s preparation in the Nether-lands are presented in the article. The research of the modern higher education system in the most developed countries in the world is useful for the consideration of theperspectives and directions of the development, revival of the methodological, contents and technological founda-tions of the higher education in the Ukraine according to the requirements of the modernity.Purpose. The study of the professional preparation of the future teachers of physical culture’s peculiarities in the Netherlands’ higher education establishments. Methods. The comparative analysis, synthesis, gener-alization, systematization and concretization. Results. The list of organizations, responsible for the development of the Netherlands' education system is presented. It is stated, the future teachers’ preparation in the Netherlands’ higher education establishments is ori-ented on the common secondary education establish-ments’ requests. Respectively, the peculiarities of the physical education’s organization in the education estab-lishments mentioned above are briefly characterized. The future teachers of physical culture’s preparation is se-cured by the six Universities of the applied sciences in the Netherlands. Different educational lines for the future teachers of physical culture are considered. The require-ments to the competencies of the physical culture teachers are analyzed based on the national professional stand-ards. The contents peculiarities of the future teachers of physical culture's professional preparation are discovered on the example of the sport studying school in the Univer-sity of Fontis. Studying at the University of Fontis allows to get the category of the first degree physical culture teacher. The preparation lasts four years, each academic year consisting of four blocks of ten weeks. It is general-ized, the practice at school is an important component of the professional preparation in the Netherlands. Originality. The modern experience of the future teachers of physical culture’s preparation in the Nether-lands. Conclusion. Social-constructivist approach is laid to the base of the educational programs of the physical culture teachers’ preparation, according to which the profession of the physical culture teacher lies in the base of the program, and the professional development of a student is in the social context, in which knowledge is built through the interaction with others.
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Nugraheni, Prasasti Dyah, and Andrianantenaina Fanirintsoa Aime. "Completion of International Disputes Between Nicaragua and United States in International Law Perspective." Law Research Review Quarterly 8, no. 2 (May 31, 2022): 185–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/lrrq.v8i2.55762.
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Various international disputes that have occurred in this world have been recorded in an international law that applies to the entire international community. So to resolve various international disputes that have occurred, usually, the countries involved make a peace agreement as one way to resolve these international disputes and prevent a war between nations. This shows that to resolve international disputes that have occurred, an agreement among countries is needed as a solution. The problem written by the author in this journal is the settlement of international disputes that have taken place between the country of Nicaragua and USA. In this journal, the author uses a normative and juridical research method, which is legal writing which is carried out by analyzing secondary legal materials or library materials to find a solution to a legal problem that arises and uses a problem approach based on the law. Law or general legal rules regarding the resolution of international disputes that occur among Nicaragua and USA and approach for problems based on a conceptual basis. The results of research conducted indicate that in this case is an international legal dispute which is nether the authority from International Court of Justice in which Nicaragua have to implemented ways from resolving international disputes by international legal procedures, but USA rejected this decision issued to International Court of Justice.
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Bodman, Sarah. "World Book Night United Artists." Axon: Creative Explorations 13, no. 1 (July 24, 2023): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.54375/001/cbyvozki7k.
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Sarah Bodman reflects on 13 years of Bookarts at UWE Bristol’s World Book Night (WBN) project; a text and image / artists’ books-based event which has evolved from an initial collaboration with the artist and poet Nancy Campbell into an annual, international, participatory celebration of reading and creative making. Inspired by our shared interests in literature, poetry, artists’ books and mail art, WBN introduces ourselves and other artists/writers to particular books and ways of working together.
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SMITH, STEVE. "Wendt's world." Review of International Studies 26, no. 1 (January 2000): 151–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260210500001510.
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Alexander Wendt's book, Social Theory of International Politics, is published twenty years after Kenneth Waltz's enormously influential Theory of International Politics. The similarity in their titles is no coincidence, since Wendt wants to build on the insights of Waltz's realism and construct an idealist and holist account of international politics (not, note, international relations). In my view, Wendt's book is likely to be as influential as Waltz's. It is a superbly written and sophisticated book, one that has clearly been drafted and redrafted so as to refine the argument and anticipate many of the likely objections. I think that although I can anticipate the objections of both his rationalist and his reflectivist critics. I am also aware that he makes life difficult for them by defining his ground very precisely, and by trying to define the terms of any debate in which he might be engaged. Criticism of the book is not an easy task. The book is likely to become the standard account for those working within the social constructivist literature of International Politics. It is a book that has been eagerly awaited, and it will not disappoint those who have been waiting for Wendt to publish his definitive statement on constructivism.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Book of that which is in the nether world"
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Sommers, Luke. "A world in which things are not as they should be: How the Deuteronomistic ideology is reinforced in the book of judges by the portrayal of women and domestic space." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=103781.
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This thesis argues that the presentation of women and domestic space in the book of Judges supports the Deuteronomistic ideology and intention for the book. The first chapter provides an overview of scholarship on the Deuteronomistic History and the role of the book of Judges within this history. The book of Judges is shown to clearly communicate the dangers of idolatry and improper worship, and the necessity of strong central government by depicting pre-monarchic Israel as a chaotic and dangerous society, a world in which things are not as they should be. The second chapter examines the social background of women and domestic space in ancient Israel. By presenting a reading of the female characters of the book of Judges, the third chapter demonstrates how these social roles are challenged and contravened constantly and in diverse ways, especially in the stories of Judg 4; 11; 16; and 19. Thus, the portrayal of women and domestic space in the book of Judges is one way pre-monarchic Israel is demonstrated to be a world in which things are not as they should be. In this way the Deuteronomistic ideology is reinforced.Cette thèse soutient que la présentation des femmes et de l'espace domestique dans le livre de Juges confirme l'idéologie et l'objectif deutéronomiste du livre. Le premier chapitre donne un aperçu d'historiographie deutéronomiste et du rôle du livre de Juges au cours de l'histoire. Le livre de Juges communique les dangers de l'idolâtrie et de culte impropre et la nécessité d'un gouvernement central fort en représentant l'Israël pré-monarchique comme une société chaotique et dangereuse, un monde dans lequel les choses ne sont pas comme elles devraient l'être. Le deuxième chapitre examine le milieu social des femmes et espace domestique de l'Israël antique. En présentant une lecture sur les caractères féminins du livre de Juges, le troisième chapitre examine comment ces rôles sociaux sont défiés et enfreints constamment et de différentes manières, surtout les histoires de Jug 4; 11; 16; et 19. Ainsi, le portrait des femmes et de l'espace domestique dans le livre de Juges est une façon de démontrer que l'Israël pré-monarchique est un monde dans lequel les choses ne sont pas comme elles devraient l'être. De cette manière l'idéologie deutéronomiste est renforcée.
Books on the topic "Book of that which is in the nether world"
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Schweizer, Andreas. Seelenführer durch den verborgenen Raum: Das ägyptische Unterweltsbuch Amduat. München: Kösel, 1994.
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Die Bedeutung der Jenseitstexte für den verstorbenen König. München: Deutscher Kunstverlag, 1985.
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Sonnenlauf und kosmische Regeneration: Zur Systematik der Lebensprozesse in den Unterweltsbüchern. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz in Kommission, 2007.
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La duat como espacio de una dialéctica de la regeneración: In-habitación y resignificación del espacio funerario en los Textos del Amduat. Oxford: Archaeopress, 2015.
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al-Miṣrī, Matḥaf, ed. Contribution à l'étude de l'Amdouat: Les variantes tardives du Livre de l'Amdouat dans les papyrus du Musée du Caire. Freiburg, Schweiz: Universitätsverlag, 1985.
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Phänomenologie der Bewegungsabläufe im Jenseitskonzept der Unterweltbücher Amduat und Pfortenbuch und der liturgischen "Sonnenlitanei". Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2003.
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1945-, Lorton David, ed. The sungod's journey through the netherworld: Reading the ancient Egyptian Amduat. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2010.
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1945-, Lorton David, ed. The ancient Egyptian books of the afterlife. Ithaca, N.Y: Cornell University Press, 1999.
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Hornung, Erik. Altägyptische Jenseitsbücher: Ein einführender Überblick. Darmstadt: Primus Verlag, 1997.
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Der Raum der Zeit: Eine Untersuchung zu den altägyptischen Vorstellungen und Konzeptionen von Zeit und Raum anhand des Unterweltbuches Amduat. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz in Kommission, 2006.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Book of that which is in the nether world"
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Maulana, Ridwan, Michelle Helms-Lorenz, and Robert M. Klassen. "Prologue." In Effective Teaching Around the World, 1–4. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-31678-4_1.
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AbstractThere is a growing desire to improve the quality and the equity of education around the world. Educational improvement requires understanding that the chief actors in the education system – teachers and students – and the educational context in which they operate, are indispensable in this pursuit. This book contributes to understanding educational systems and personal factors that influence teaching behaviour and student learning and engagement. Particularly, the book focuses on the work of teachers – in terms of effective teaching – as key players in education. Effective teaching refers to classroom processes or instructional practices related to student learning (Wagner et al., 2013). This broad definition encompasses various terms used in the literature on teaching to refer to similar constructs and ideas. It is therefore important to note that the scope of this book represents various strands of research on teaching.
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Gissing, George. "Chapter IX." In The Nether World. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/owc/9780199538287.003.0011.
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Through the day and through the evening Clara Hewett had her place behind Mrs. Tubbs’s bar. For daylight wear, the dress which had formerly been her best was deemed sufficient ; it was simple, but not badly made, and became her figure. Her evening...
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Gissing, George. "Chapter XXX." In The Nether World. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/owc/9780199538287.003.0032.
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About this time Mr. Scawthorne received one morning a letter which, though not unexpected, caused him some annoyance, and even anxiety. It was signed ‘ C. V.,’ and made brief request for an interview on the evening of the next day at Waterloo Station....
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Gissing, George. "Chapter V." In The Nether World. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/owc/9780199538287.003.0007.
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At ten o’clock next morning Mrs. Peckover reacted home. She was a tall, big-boned woman of fifty, with an arm like a coalheaver’s. She had dark hair, which shone and was odorous with unguents ; a sallow, uncomely face, and a handsome moustache. Her...
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Gissing, George. "Chapter XXV." In The Nether World. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/owc/9780199538287.003.0027.
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Bessie Byass and her husband had, as you may suppose, devoted many an hour to intimate gossip on the affairs of their top-floor lodgers. Having no relations with Clerkenwell Close, they did not even hear the rumours which spread from Mrs. Feckover’s house at...
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Gissing, George. "Chapter XXXVIII." In The Nether World. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/owc/9780199538287.003.0040.
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Amid the anguish of heart and nerve which she had to endure whilst her grandfather lay dead in the house, Jane found and clung to one thought of consolation. He had not closed his eyes in the bitterness of disappointment. The end might have...
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Gissing, George. "Chapter VIII." In The Nether World. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/owc/9780199538287.003.0010.
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In the social classification of the nether world—a subject which so eminently adapts itself to the sportive and gracefully picturesque mode of treatment—it will be convenient to distinguish broadly, and with reference to males alone, the two great sections of those who do,, and...
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Blumenberg, Hans. "A Book on Nature as a Book of Nature." In The Readability of the World, 234–49. Cornell University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501766619.003.0018.
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This chapter analyzes the view of physical reality as landscape, which is determined by a fact that was all but self-evident in early geography. It mentions that the French Encyclopedia had shown a universe primarily created by human beings, with nature presented in analogy to artifacts as a kind of meta-museum of isolated exhibits. It also stresses how one forgets how to remark or recognize the degree to which the techniques of illustration determine whether reality is seen as a drawing or as a mass of disparate objects. The chapter describes the title Kosmos, which should not be understood solely in relation to its historical meanings if the aesthetic connotations point to the archaic antecedent of ornament. The idea of an interconnectivity of all things could integrate vulcanism as the reaction of a planet's interior to its surface.
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Blumenberg, Hans. "The Sky as Book, the Book in the Sky." In The Readability of the World, 13–25. Cornell University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501766619.003.0003.
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This chapter reviews the Platonic cosmos of ideas that is nothing like a book as the imagined relationship to it and to the world of appearances is anything but a comportment and activity akin to reading. The process for grasping the interrelationships among objects in that cosmos is much more like the reception of images. The chapter explains how concepts are formed through their reduction to an outline, which is not just typical of Platonism. The chapter describes the biblical and postbiblical Jewish history of the concept that makes clear that the specific singularity of the book was of decisive importance for the formation of the book metaphor. All traditions of letter and script metaphorics have sufficed for the status of the image found in Dante, who sees scattered in the world what is united in God.
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Kilgour, Frederick G. "The Greco-Roman World." In The Evolution of the Book, 34–47. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195118599.003.0004.
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Abstract THE GREEKS PRODUCED an outburst of human creativity in the fifth and fourth centuries B.C. such as the world had never before seen, nor was to see again until at least two millennia had passed, which was expressed in all manner of intellectual activity from fine arts to science. In the Greek city-states of that time, a new form of government, a government of many participants, was created and reached its first climax. Western artistic expression, historiography, literature, medicine, philosophy, politics, and science have developed continuously from those centuries. The period produced three intellectual giants: Socrates (c. The Roman genius for administration and military action enabled Rome to over whelm the twenty-seven Greek city-states by 146 B.c.; and before the end of the Roman Republic, in 44 B.c., Rome had conquered lands from the Atlantic Ocean to Asia Minor and from North Africa to England and Germany. The Romans, while absorbing Greek art and learning, made their own contributions to both.
Conference papers on the topic "Book of that which is in the nether world"
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Lee, Taerim. "Mobile e-book for BITEC MOOC." In Teaching Statistics in a Data Rich World. International Association for Statistical Education, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/srap.17405.
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This paper describes an implementation of mobile e-Book initiative in the Bioinformatics Training & Education Center (BITEC) MOOC project supported by the South Korean Ministry of Welfare and Public Health. This project was initiated by Dept. of Bioinformatics & Statistics KNOU and Dept. of Medical Informatics of SNU Medical College for training medical doctors. High penetration rates of mobile phone subscriptions and rapid growth of handheld users show that mobile devices are a viable alternative learning mode. The mobile e-Book initiative is aimed to encourage learning and interactions in distance learning communities, aiming to bridge trans- actional distances faced by learners and adopt mobility as the key tool in Bioinformatics courses delivery. The BITEC m-Learning initiative focuses on introducing Bioinformatics using easily accessible handheld and mobile devices, since the learners are very busy medical doctors in an ubiquitous learning environment. The m-Learning approach is considered as a learning alternative to support distance learners, mainly working doctors and medical researchers in Korea. This research paper discusses the implementation of the mobile e-Book approach which has better affordable, accessible and flexible educational media.
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Kazakova, Olga. "Training and support of IRBIS64 users to provide librarians’ professional development: PRO level. PROgram – PROmotion – PROfessionalism." In Sixth World Professional Forum "The Book. Culture. Education. Innovations". Russian National Public Library for Science and Technology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33186/978-5-85638-236-4-2021-124-126.
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Onrush of science and technology provides us with advanced instruments to be used in everyday life and professional activity and to develop professional competences continuously. However, to which extent are these innovations available? How to use software products to the maximum and efficiently? The multilevel system of training librarians in using IRBIS64 Library Automation System and other products, methods and technologies is discussed.
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Kovyazina, Elena. "Using open access digital archive in scientific libraries." In Sixth World Professional Forum "The Book. Culture. Education. Innovations". Russian National Public Library for Science and Technology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33186/978-5-85638-236-4-2021-145-151.
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For many years, the open access digital archives have been operating in majority of foreign universities. As a rule, the university library maintains and supports the digital archive. Unfortunately, this practice has stagnated in Russia. What does impede the progress and which advantages can digital archives offer to research libraries? The author attempts to review practical difficulties of digital archive acquisition as well as advantages to the libraries. The solution may be found in balancing the difficulties to be overcome and the spectrum of possibilities the libraries would get with the open access digital archive.
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Bychkova, Elena, and Victor Zverevich. "Ecology and sustainable development issues in RF and the US libraries: On comparative analysis of subject digital resources." In Sixth World Professional Forum "The Book. Culture. Education. Innovations". Russian National Public Library for Science and Technology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33186/978-5-85638-236-4-2021-39-44.
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The UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are reviewed from the point of view of libraries. Both Russian and American professional publications cover the issues within their ecological education (EE) and sustainable development education activities which enables to compare them in many aspects. Key groups of relevant sources are determined: publications in professional periodicals, analytical materials on the web-sites of libraries and associations, resources on libraries’ websites, social media, and blogs. Each group of resources is analyzed. The conclusion is made that relevant information sources reflecting similar segments of library activities can be necessarily and possibly determined for further studies.
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Ilyina, Irina, Victoria Lapochkina, Elena Plekhanova, Karina Bezrodnova, and Konstantin Dikusar. "Scientific capacity of Russian universities: Problems and prospects." In Sixth World Professional Forum "The Book. Culture. Education. Innovations". Russian National Public Library for Science and Technology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33186/978-5-85638-236-4-2021-115-120.
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In the recent years, the contribution of Russian universities into science and technology has increased. The RF Government has been intensively developing and implementing instruments to support fundamental and applied sciences and to ensure implementation of their achievements into real economy and social sphere. Several Russian universities accomplish world-class studies and research, in particular, classic universities like Moscow State University, St. Petersburg State University, Ural Federal University, Tomsk State University, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT), Moscow Engineering Physics Institute (MEPhI), St. Petersburg Polytechnic University. Academic science has much to offer the real sector as the universities are much closer to and has got the tighter relations with the entrepreneurial sector than the state-financed (80-90% funding) research institutes. However, average universities fall short compared to those mentioned above, partially due to the lack of extrabudgetary financing by business organizations which makes a little bit over 30%, while in the developed countries this figure sometimes exceeds 70%.
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Jayasena, E., and U. Kulatunga. "Assessing delay claims in terms of excusability and criticality of delays in fidic based contracts." In World Construction Symposium - 2023. Ceylon Institute of Builders - Sri Lanka, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/wcs.2023.20.
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Assessment of delays involves complex decision making. Most standard contract forms do not provide guidelines on assessing delay claims; this is left to the professionals who at times tend to make decisions based on experience and subjective judgement. This will not always guarantee consistent decisions. Therefore, there is a need for a mechanism for assessing delay claims in construction industry. Excusability and criticality are the two elements to be considered in assessing a delay. These are governed by the conditions of contract and adopted delay analysis techniques (DATs) respectively. This paper is focused on developing a holistic approach to support the assessment of delay claims in terms of assessing the excusability and appropriateness of DATs. A mixed method approach was adopted for this study with four phases namely; literature review, desk study (based on FIDIC 1999 red book), in-depth expert interviews and a questionnaire survey. Qualitative data obtained through interviews were analysed using content analysis and questionnaire survey findings were statistically analysed. According to the findings, there are 18 major sub-clauses giving rise to excusable delays under FIDIC 1999 red book. In assessing the excusability of delays, the notice requirement, concurrency of delays and the contractor’s obligations of mitigating delays are the important aspects to be considered. In the assessment of criticality, window analysis is the most suitable DAT. However, due to the complexity of the window analysis method, as planned vs. as built method is most commonly practiced in the industry which is considered as simple but less accurate.
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Musyoka, James, Roger Stern, and David Stern. "Open educational resources for statistics teaching." In Teaching Statistics in a Data Rich World. International Association for Statistical Education, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/srap.17605.
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A series of papers at this conference have built on the African Data Initiative (ADI) which was started to improve statistical literacy and understanding. One immediate deliverables of this initiative has been new statistical software which is free, easy-to-use, open source and which encourages good statistical practice. Here we show how this software together with other open educational resources can be used to improve statistics teaching. This is demonstrated using an undergraduate course which was offered to about 300 students at Maseno University, Kenya. The resources include those from an e-learning course, called e-SMS (Statistics Made Simple) and an electronic statistics book called Computer Assisted Statistics Textbook (CAST). The course also made extensive use of Moodle to enable a “blended” approach to be undertaken.
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Lorne, Frank, Jamel Vanderburg, Aanchal Sharma, Jaan Malik, Rishabh Neb, Kitti Sandhu, Siva Sateesh Pitchuka, et al. "Establishing a Student-Community Book Club for Civic Engagement." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002266.
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This paper articulates the reasons and the implementation steps for the forming of a student-community book club that aims to build small communities motivated by Raghuram Rajan’s 2019 book: The Third Pillar: How Markets and the States Leave the Community Behind. We believe humans and societies survive based on rational dialogues. A book club of this type can provide escape valves for individuals holding strong unbendable beliefs on how society should function, which has dichotomized America since 2016. Themes generated from books (fictions or non-fictions) contain scientific or humanistic views can encourage community network building of the type that will broaden people's view, rather than focus on specific disagreements. Disintegration of various factors, according to Rajan, is the crisis that communities all over the world are facing. Building communities have always been some historical endeavors, resulting often from wars and land grabbings. The urgent needs to do so now are due to technological changes. Technologies are disrupting the lifestyles in the world that can amplify as well as compromise disagreements. A web-ground co-development is necessarily for bringing out the goods while managing the bad of technologies.
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Olărescu, Dumitru. "The Universe of the Book in Cinematographic Expression." In Simpozionul Național de Studii Culturale, Ediția a 2-a. Institute of Cultural Heritage, Republic of Moldova, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52603/9789975352147.08.
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Over the years, the book, as an object of spirit, has always been elevated to the rank of symbol, metaphor or even archetype. All these concepts about the book challenged many scientists, people of art and culture, including documentary filmmakers. In the cinematic discourse, thanks to its important components (image, soundtrack), the book obtains spatial dimensions, but also sound – a process, which deepens the ideational background, facilitates the assimilation and valorization of the book’s content. The film “The Light of the Book” (screenplay by Nicolae Dabija and Pavel Bălan, directed by Mircea Chistrugă, image by P. Bălan) about the fate, often dramatic, of many old books, and the film “Anastasie Crimca” (author Pavel Bălan), dedicated to the famous calligrapher and book miniaturist, Metropolitan Anastasie Crimca, will serve as arguments for these ideas. Thus, we will try to demonstrate the possibilities of documentary film in “bringing” home our old books, scattered for various reasons around the world, and their valorization as an important component of the spiritual heritage of the nation.
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VĂSIOIU, Marcelica-Alexandrina. "The Little Prince by Antoine de Saint- Exupery – an open gate to the world, to others, to oneself." In Ştiință și educație: noi abordări și perspective. "Ion Creanga" State Pedagogical University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46727/c.v3.24-25-03-2023.p51-55.
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80 years after its publication, Antoine de Saint Exupery’s book, The Little Prince, has its readers everywhere, being an open, flexible work, accessible to very varied categories of readers - from primary school children to adults who I reread it for the umpteenth time and find it so full of meaning. Recommended in the school curriculum, it appears in the reading lists that the teachers of Romanian language and literature compile to be a guide for students entering the secondary school cycle. Precisely because it is a book that offers so much on an interpretive level, it deserves to be studied and analyzed, on a textual level, the ME-OTHERS distinction, it operates as a method of inter and self-knowledge. The journey of the Little Prince on the surrounding planets is like an initiatory path, also a form through which he seeks happiness, following the call of the flower: „Seek to be happy!” The stops he makes are proof that every man has his own planet, his own universe over which he is master. The intercultural side allows teachers working with secondary school students to bring them closer, through an analytical reading, to what, in fact, represents our relationship to the OTHER, in the sense of a good self-knowledge exercise.
Reports on the topic "Book of that which is in the nether world"
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Cruces, Guillermo, Johanna Fajardo, Pablo Hernández, Ana María Ibáñez, Marta Luzes, Marcela Meléndez, Felipe Muñoz, Lucina Rodríguez Guillén, and Laura Tenjo. A Better World for Migrants in Latin America and the Caribbean: Dataset. Inter-American Development Bank, August 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0005082.
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This dataset is the result of an experiment conducted in nine countries in Latin America and the Caribbean and published as the book "A Better World for Migrants in Latin America and the Caribbean". This project is joint work between the IDB and UNDP. The databases contain data collected for the impact evaluation of an intervention designed to explore which mechanisms are more effective in changing people's beliefs and attitudes toward migrants. The experiment was conducted in nine countries in Latin America and the Caribbean and consisted of two video interventions. The first video, the informative video, aimed to correct misinformation about the impact of migration by providing accurate information about the size of the migrant population and its characteristics. The second video, an emotive video, intended to appeal to the emotions and empathy of the local population.
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Solomon, Kip, and Troy Gilmore. Age Dating Young Groundwater. The Groundwater Project, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21083/liiu2727.
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This book provides an overview of common tracer methods that can be used to estimate the age of young groundwater that recharged less than about 60 years ago. In this book, applications of tracers to address hydrogeologic problems are only mentioned briefly because such problems are the topic of the Groundwater Project Book titled Introduction to Isotopes and Environmental Tracers as Indicators of Groundwater Flow (Cook, 2020) which readers are encouraged to review. The dating tracer methods include tritium (3H), tritium/helium-3 (3H/3He), sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) and chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). All these methods except 3H involve the occurrence and transport of dissolved gases and thus the basic concepts of dissolved gases are discussed in this book. The authors are hydrogeologists interested in solving both groundwater quality and quantity issues in a world in which the availability of high-quality groundwater is diminishing. The goal of this book is to inform researchers and policy makers about the concepts and underlying assumptions involved in groundwater dating methods with the aim of increasing the application of these powerful methods while informing readers of their inherent limitations.
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Klengel, Susanne. Pandemic Avant-Garde Urban Coexistence in Mário de Andrade’s Pauliceia Desvairada (1922) after the Spanish Flu. Maria Sibylla Merian Centre Conviviality-Inequality in Latin America, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46877/klengel.2020.30.
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The radical aesthetic of the historical avant-garde movements has often been explained as a reaction to the catastrophic experience of the First World War and a denouncement of the bourgeoisie’s responsibility for its horrors. This article explores a blind spot in these familiar interpretations of the international avant-garde. Not only the violence of the World War but also the experience of a worldwide deadly pandemic, the Spanish flu, have moulded the literary and artistic production of the 1920s. In this paper, I explore this hypothesis through the example of Mário de Andrade’s famous book of poetry Pauliceia desvairada (1922), which I reinterpret in the light of historical studies on the Spanish flu in São Paulo. An in-depth examination of all parts of this important early opus of the Brazilian Modernism shows that Mário de Andrade’s poetic images of urban coexistence simultaneously aim at a radical renewal of language and at a melancholic coming to terms with a traumatic pandemic past.
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Tadros, Mariz, ed. What About Us? Global Perspectives on Redressing Religious Inequalities. Institute of Development Studies, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/creid.2021.005.
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How can we make religious equality a reality for those on the margins of society and politics? This book is about the individual and collective struggles of the religiously marginalised to be recognised and their inequalities, religious or otherwise, redressed. It is also about the efforts of civil society, governments, multilateral actors, and scholars to promote freedom of religion or belief (FoRB) whatever shape they take. The actors and contexts that feature in this book are as diverse as health workers in Israel, local education authorities in Nigeria, indigenous movements in India, Uganda, or South Africa, and multilateral actors such as the Islamic Development Bank in Sudan and the World Bank in Pakistan. Some of the case studies engage with development discourses and narratives or are undertaken by development actors, while other cases operate completely outside the international development paradigm. These case studies present some important insights, which while highly relevant for their contexts also draw out important insights for academics, practitioners, activists, and others who have an interest in redressing religious inequalities for socioeconomically marginalised populations.
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Reilly, John, and Sergey Paltsev. Biomass Energy and Competition for Land. GTAP Working Paper, April 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21642/gtap.wp46.
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*Chapter 8 of the forthcoming book "Economic Analysis of Land Use in Global Climate Change Policy," edited by Thomas W. Hertel, Steven Rose, and Richard S.J. Tol We describe an approach for incorporating biomass energy production and competition for land into the MIT Emissions Prediction and Policy Analysis (EPPA) model, a computable general equilibrium model of the world economy. We examine multiple scenarios where greenhouse gas emissions are abated or not. The global increase in biomass energy use in a reference scenario (without climate change policy) is about 30 EJ/year by 2050 and about 180 EJ/year by 2100. This deployment is driven primarily by a world oil price that in the year 2100 is over 4.5 times the price in the year 2000. In the scenarios of stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations, the global biomass energy production increases to 50-150 EJ/year by 2050 and 220-250 EJ/year by 2100. The estimated area of land required to produce 180-250 EJ/year is about 1 Gha, which is an equivalent of the current global cultivated area. In the USA we find that under a stringent climate policy biofuels could supply about 55% of USA liquid fuel demand, but if the biofuels were produced domestically the USA would turn from a substantial net exporter of agricultural goods ($20 billion) to a large net importer ($80 billion). The general conclusion is that the scale of energy use in the USA and the world relative to biomass potential is so large that a biofuel industry that was supplying a substantial share of liquid fuel demand would have very significant effects on land use and conventional agricultural markets.
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HEFNER, Robert. IHSAN ETHICS AND POLITICAL REVITALIZATION Appreciating Muqtedar Khan’s Islam and Good Governance. IIIT, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47816/01.001.20.
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Ours is an age of pervasive political turbulence, and the scale of the challenge requires new thinking on politics as well as public ethics for our world. In Western countries, the specter of Islamophobia, alt-right populism, along with racialized violence has shaken public confidence in long-secure assumptions rooted in democracy, diversity, and citizenship. The tragic denouement of so many of the Arab uprisings together with the ascendance of apocalyptic extremists like Daesh and Boko Haram have caused an even greater sense of alarm in large parts of the Muslim-majority world. It is against this backdrop that M.A. Muqtedar Khan has written a book of breathtaking range and ethical beauty. The author explores the history and sociology of the Muslim world, both classic and contemporary. He does so, however, not merely to chronicle the phases of its development, but to explore just why the message of compassion, mercy, and ethical beauty so prominent in the Quran and Sunna of the Prophet came over time to be displaced by a narrow legalism that emphasized jurisprudence, punishment, and social control. In the modern era, Western Orientalists and Islamists alike have pushed the juridification and interpretive reification of Islamic ethical traditions even further. Each group has asserted that the essence of Islam lies in jurisprudence (fiqh), and both have tended to imagine this legal heritage on the model of Western positive law, according to which law is authorized, codified, and enforced by a leviathan state. “Reification of Shariah and equating of Islam and Shariah has a rather emaciating effect on Islam,” Khan rightly argues. It leads its proponents to overlook “the depth and heights of Islamic faith, mysticism, philosophy or even emotions such as divine love (Muhabba)” (13). As the sociologist of Islamic law, Sami Zubaida, has similarly observed, in all these developments one sees evidence, not of a traditionalist reassertion of Muslim values, but a “triumph of Western models” of religion and state (Zubaida 2003:135). To counteract these impoverishing trends, Khan presents a far-reaching analysis that “seeks to move away from the now failed vision of Islamic states without demanding radical secularization” (2). He does so by positioning himself squarely within the ethical and mystical legacy of the Qur’an and traditions of the Prophet. As the book’s title makes clear, the key to this effort of religious recovery is “the cosmology of Ihsan and the worldview of Al-Tasawwuf, the science of Islamic mysticism” (1-2). For Islamist activists whose models of Islam have more to do with contemporary identity politics than a deep reading of Islamic traditions, Khan’s foregrounding of Ihsan may seem unfamiliar or baffling. But one of the many achievements of this book is the skill with which it plumbs the depth of scripture, classical commentaries, and tasawwuf practices to recover and confirm the ethic that lies at their heart. “The Quran promises that God is with those who do beautiful things,” the author reminds us (Khan 2019:1). The concept of Ihsan appears 191 times in 175 verses in the Quran (110). The concept is given its richest elaboration, Khan explains, in the famous hadith of the Angel Gabriel. This tradition recounts that when Gabriel appeared before the Prophet he asked, “What is Ihsan?” Both Gabriel’s question and the Prophet’s response make clear that Ihsan is an ideal at the center of the Qur’an and Sunna of the Prophet, and that it enjoins “perfection, goodness, to better, to do beautiful things and to do righteous deeds” (3). It is this cosmological ethic that Khan argues must be restored and implemented “to develop a political philosophy … that emphasizes love over law” (2). In its expansive exploration of Islamic ethics and civilization, Khan’s Islam and Good Governance will remind some readers of the late Shahab Ahmed’s remarkable book, What is Islam? The Importance of Being Islamic (Ahmed 2016). Both are works of impressive range and spiritual depth. But whereas Ahmed stood in the humanities wing of Islamic studies, Khan is an intellectual polymath who moves easily across the Islamic sciences, social theory, and comparative politics. He brings the full weight of his effort to conclusion with policy recommendations for how “to combine Sufism with political theory” (6), and to do so in a way that recommends specific “Islamic principles that encourage good governance, and politics in pursuit of goodness” (8).
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Lyzanchuk, Vasyl. THE CHARITABLE ENERGY OF THE JOURNALISTIC WORD. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2022.51.11415.
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The article investigates the immortality of books, collections, including those, translated into foreign languages, composed of the publications of publications of worldview journalism. It deals with top analytics on simulated training of journalists, the study of events and phenomena at the macro level, which enables the qualitative forecast of world development trends in the appropriate contexts for a long time. Key words: top, analytics, book, worldview journalism, culture, arguments, forecast.The article is characterized intellectual-spiritual, moral-aesthetic and information-educational values of of scientific and journalistic works of Professor Mykola Hryhorchuk “Where are you going, Ukraine?” and “Freedom at the Barricades”. Mykola Ivanovych’s creative informational and educational communication are reviews, reviews, reviews and current works of writers, poets, publicists. Such as Maria Matios, Vira Vovk, Roman Ivanychuk, Dmytro Pavlychko, Yuriy Shcherban, Bohdan Korsak, Hryhoriy Huseynov, Vasyl Ruban, Yaroslav Melnyk, Sofia Andrukhovych. His journalistic reflections are about memorable events of the recent past for Ukrainians and historical figures are connected with them. It is emphasized that in his books Mykola Hryhorchuk convincingly illuminates the way to develop a stable Ukrainian immunity, national identity, development and strengthening of the conciliar independent state in the fight against the eternal Moscow enemy. Among the defining ideological and political realization of the National Idea of Ukrainian statehood, which are mentioned in the scientific and journalistic works of M. Hryhorchuk, the fundamental ones – linguistic and religious – are singled out. Israel and Poland are a clear example for Ukrainians. In these states, language and religion were absolutized and it is thanks to this understanding of the essence of state-building and national identity that it is contrary to many difficulties achieve the desired life-affirming goal. The author emphasizes that any information in the broadest and narrow sense can be perceived without testing for compliance with the moral and spiritual mission of man, the fundamental values of the Ukrainian ethnic group, putting moral and spiritual values in the basis of state building. The outstanding Ukrainian philosopher Hryhoriy Skovoroda emphasized: “Faith is the light that sees in the darkness…” Books by physicist Mykola Hryhorchuk “Where are you going, Ukraine?” and “Freedom at the Barricades” are illuminated by faith in the Victory over the bloody centuries-old Moscow darkness.
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Babenko, Oksana. Ідеї екуменізму в публіцистиці митрополита Андрея Шептицького: сучасне прочитання. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2023.52-53.11717.
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Subject of the article’s study – ecumenism of Metropolitan Andrei Sheptytskyi and reflection of this phenomenon in the works of scientists and modern Ukrainian media. Main objective of the study: analyze what Ukrainian scientists, journalists and different media are writing about Sheptytkyi’s ecumenism. Methodology: We used a bibliographic method to accumulate factual material, a qualitative content analysis to isolate the ideas of ecumenism from the journalism of Metropolitan Andrey Sheptytskyi, a cultural-historical method that made it possible to consider the ideas of ecumenism in the context of the era, the connection with the historical context, as well as methods of synthesis and generalization, induction and deduction. The study process description: In our scientific article, we analyzed the doctoral dissertation of His Beatitude Lubomyr Huzar entitled «Andrei Sheptytskyi, Metropolitan of Halytskyi (1901-1944). Herald of ecumenism». His Beatitude Lubomyr defended this fundamental work at the Pontifical Urbaniana University in Rome back in 1972. Therefore, we observed how this work reflects the historical prerequisites, features and development of Sheptytskyi’s ecumenism, who, according to His Beatitude Lubomir, was a kind of innovator in this field, a person who was ahead of his time. We also analyzed the reflections on the ecumenism of Sheptytskyi´s father, doctor Ivan Datsk, which are reflected in his book «In Search of Faithfulness and Truth». In addition, we turned to the scientific text «Ecumenism of Sheptytskyi» by professors Mykola Vegesh and Mykola Palinchak. Subsequently, it was analyzed how the scientific work became a useful basis for the coverage of Sheptytskyi’s ecumenism in the press. In particular, in the columns of the cultural and social site «Zbruch» in Diana Motruk’s article «In Search of Church Unity». We also turned to the «Spiritual Greatness of Lviv» website, where in 2020 an interview with Mykhailo Perun, who shot the film «Sheptytskyi: Relevant information», was published, illustrating the ecumenical initiatives of this figure. In addition, we analyzed the publication on Radio Svoboda for 2022, dedicated to the anniversary of Sheptytsky’s stepping into eternity. It is also mentioned there about of Sheptytskyi’s ecumenism as his landmark activity. Subsequently, we found an article on the website «Christian and the World», where in a conversation with the scientist Dr. Andrii Sorokovskyi entitled «Andrei Sheptytskyi believed that the union is a synthesis, communion and dialogue between the East and the West, – Andrii Sorokovskyi» also analyzed the phenomenon of Sheptytskyi’s ecumenism. Results: we discovered that Sheptytskyi’s ecumenism was studied not only by numerous scientists, but this meaningful legacy of his is a valuable phenomenon for media coverage. Therefore, Sheptytskyi’s ecumenism becomes the subject of interest of journalists not only of publications that write mainly on church topics, but also socio-political and artistic ones. We are sure that Sheptytskyi’s ecumenism will continue to be studied by professional scientists and representatives of the wider media community. Significance: journalism of a religious orientation, high-quality and substantiated coverage of religious processes and phenomena in the press is still something quite new for modern Ukraine. In Soviet times, journalists were afraid to write about religion in order not to incur the wrath of the authorities, so such materials could not be included in the press. That is why it is very important to study how today’s journalists cover important issues of religion, which, in addition, have a strong scientific basis. In addition, the development of ecumenism and religious unity are extremely important for building national unity, which is necessary for our state to effectively confront the enemy in full-scale war. Key words: ecumenism; Metropolitan Andrey Sheptytskyi; media; interreleigion cooperation; dialogue.
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Clinic-Based Family Planning and Reproductive Health Services in Africa: Findings from Situation Analysis Studies. Population Council, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh1998.1000.
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The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) supported publication of “Clinic-Based Family Planning and Reproductive Health Services in Africa: Findings from Situation Analysis Studies.” The book reflects USAID's commitment to improving quality of reproductive health (RH) care and expanding access for underserved groups. Nowhere are these efforts more important than in Africa, where use of family planning (FP) and other measures of RH status are lowest among the world’s regions. Providing high-quality health services that meet couples' reproductive needs is a socially just and humane goal in itself. Moreover, higher-quality services can be expected to result in better outcomes with regard to measures of client satisfaction, continuation of contraceptive use, and RH, which in turn have positive implications for the individual client and the population at large. This book presents results from 12 Situation Analysis studies conducted in sub-Saharan Africa between 1989 and 1996. By synthesizing these findings from nearly a decade of research, the book contributes to the understanding and improvement of FP and RH programs in sub-Saharan Africa and around the world.
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Microbial Evolution: This report is based on a colloquium convened by the American Academy of Microbiology on August 28-30, 2009, in San Cristobal, Ecuador. American Society for Microbiology, August 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aamcol.28aug.2009.
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The year 2009 marked both the 200th anniversary of Darwin's birth and the 150th anniversary of the publication of his landmark book, On the Origin of Species. In August 2009, to celebrate these milestones, the American Academy of Microbiology convened a colloquium in the Galapagos Islands, where Darwin made some of his most crucial observations, to consider a new question: what would Darwin have made of the microbial world? The ability to sail to remote sites like the Galapagos, and access to specimens collected by himself and other avid naturalists, gave Darwin the information he needed to develop a conceptual framework for understanding life's visible diversity. Today, new discoveries and technical capabilities in microbiology are providing information that for the first time makes it possible to develop a conceptual framework for deepening our understanding of the diversity of the microbial world. Darwin focused his attention on visible life forms, which actually make up only a small fraction of the living world—the invisible world of microorganisms was as yet largely unexplored in his time. Yet Darwin's theory has proven remarkably robust; despite some fundamental differences between microorganisms and the rest of the living world, the two lynchpins of Darwin's theory—descent with modification and natural selection—have proven as powerful in explaining microbial evolution as they have in explaining macrobial evolution. Since Darwin, the advent of Mendelian Genetics and the Modern Synthesis have provided a wealth of new tools to evolutionists; these tools are also of fundamental importance in the modern study of microbiology. The scientists gathered at the colloquium considered two fundamental questions: ▪ Is the balance of evolutionary mechanisms, for example natural selection or drift, or individual and group selection, consistent among microbes and similar between microbes and macrobes? ▪ How are the mode and tempo of microbial evolution influenced by Earth's diversity of environments, and the changing global environment, and how are microbes themselves driving these changes? The colloquium provided an opportunity for individuals with expertise in evolutionary biology, genetic engineering, mycology, virology, microbial ecology, and other fields to discuss these issues and review the areas in which research is needed to fill gaps in our understanding.