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Journal articles on the topic 'Borg scale'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Wilson, Rachel C., and P. W. Jones. "A comparison of the visual analogue scale and modified Borg scale for the measurement of dyspnoea during exercise." Clinical Science 76, no. 3 (March 1, 1989): 277–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0760277.

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1. The intensity of breathlessness during exercise was measured in ten normal subjects using a visual analogue scale (VAS) and a Borg scale to compare the use of the scales and their repeatability, both within the duration of a period of exercise and between tests. For each scale, subjects performed two exercise tests separated by a period of 2–6 weeks. Each exercise test consisted of two cycles of progressively increasing and decreasing workload. 2. All subjects felt confidently able to use both scales to quantify their feelings of breathlessness exclusively of other sensation. Equal preference was expressed for use of a particular scale. 3. With both scales there was a large intersubject variation in the relationship between dyspnoea score and minute ventilation (VE) (P < 0.01), and in the range of the scale used. 4. There was a good correlation between the VAS and Borg scores at each level of VE (r2 = 0.71), but the VAS score was used over a wider range than the Borg score. 5. The relationship between VE and the dyspnoea score measured by the two techniques was predominantly linear. The mean r2 for VAS score/VE was 0.68 (sd 0.19) and for Borg score/VE the mean r2 was 0.75 (sd 0.13). 6. The relationships VAS score/VE and Borg score/VE were unaffected by the direction in which the workload was varied (P > 0.05). 7. VE, measured at each work rate, did not differ between the two cycles (P > 0.05) or between the 2 days (P > 0.05). 8. With both scales, the slope of the VE-breathlessness relationship was slightly higher during the second half of the exercise compared with the first (0.05 < P > 0.01). 9. The scores with both scales were lower in the second test compared with the first (P < 0.01): Borg 16% lower, VAS 27% lower. 10. Measurements of dyspnoea made with the Borg scale appeared to have greater stability than VAS measurements and to correlate with VE a little better.

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Küpper, Thomas, N. Heussen, Audry Morrison, Volker Schöffl, Buddha Basnyat, David Hillebrandt, Jim Milledge, Jürgen Steffgen, and Beate Meier. "The Borg Scale at high altitude." Health Promotion & Physical Activity 15, no. 2 (June 18, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.9500.

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<p><b>Introduction: </b>The Borg Scale for perceived exertion is well established in science and sport to keep an appropriate level of workload or to rate physical strain. Although it is also often used at moderate and high altitude, it was never validated for hypoxic conditions. Since pulse rate and minute breathing volume at rest are increased at altitude it may be expected that the rating of the same workload is higher at altitude compared to sea level. <p> <b>Material and methods: </b>16 mountaineers were included in a prospective randomized design trial. Standardized workload (ergometry) and rating of the perceived exertion (RPE) were performed at sea level, at 3,000 m, and at 4,560 m. For validation of the scale Maloney-Rastogi-test and Bland-Altmann-Plots were used to compare the Borg ratings at each intensity level at the three altitudes; p < 0.05 was defined as significant. <p><b>Results: </b>In Bland-Altmann-Plots more than 95% of all Borg ratings were within the interval of 1.96 x standard deviation. There was no significant deviation of the ratings at moderate or high altitude. The correlation between RPE and workload or oxygen uptake was weak. <p><b>Conclusion: </b>The Borg Scale for perceived exertion gives valid results at moderate and high altitude – at least up to about 5,000 m. Therefore it may be used at altitude without any modification. The weak correlation of RPE and workload or oxygen uptake indicates that there should be other factors indicating strain to the body. What is really measured by Borg’s Scale should be investigated by a specific study.

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Arney, Blaine E., Jos J. de Koning, Carl Foster, John P. Porcari, Richard P. Mikat, Salvador Jaime, Teun van Erp, Cristina Cortis, Andrea Fusco, and Reese Glover. "Comparison of rating of perceived exertion scales during incremental and interval exercise." Kinesiology 51, no. 2 (2019): 150–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.26582/k.51.2.1.

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The Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) is an important measure of exercise intensity, which is useful both as a primary and adjunctive method of exercise prescription. However, there are multiple variants of the Borg RPE scale, primarily the Borg 6-20 RPE scale (BORG-RPE) and the Borg Category-Ratio-10 scale (BORG-CR10). There are inadequate data available to address the comparability and interchangeability of these two widely used scales. Well-trained non-athletes performed two increment cycle tests, with each scale used in a random sequence. Subjects also performed interval sessions at three intensities (50, 75 and 85% of peak power output) with each scale used in a random sequence. There were very large correlations during the incremental exercise between the conventional physiological measures (% heart rate reserve – r=0.89 & r=.87); and %VO2reserve (r=.88 & r=.90) and RPE measured by either the BORG-RPE or the BORGCR10, respectively. This pattern was also evident during the interval exercise (% heart rate reserve (r=.85 & r=.84; and blood lactate concentration – r=.74 & r=.78) and RPE measured by either the BORG-RPE or the BORG-CR10, respectively. The relationship between RPE measured by the BORG-RPE and the BORGCR10 was large and best described by a non-linear relationship for both the incremental (R2=89) and the interval (R2=.89) exercise. The incremental and interval curves were virtually overlapping. We concluded that the two most popular versions of the RPE scale, BORG-RPE and BORG-CR10, were both highly related to the conventional physiological measures and very strongly related to each other, with an easily described conversion.

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4

Williams, Nerys. "The Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) scale." Occupational Medicine 67, no. 5 (July 2017): 404–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqx063.

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5

Spielholz, Peregrin. "Calibrating Borg scale ratings of hand force exertion." Applied Ergonomics 37, no. 5 (September 2006): 615–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2005.10.001.

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6

Brasil, Roxana M., Stephanie S. Pinto, Joaquin Calatayud, Juan C. Colado, Juan Benavent, and Michael E. Rogers. "Correlation Between Borg Scale (6-20) With A New Water Cycling Scale (Brasil Scale)." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 46 (May 2014): 942. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000496330.19504.7a.

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7

Arney, Blaine E., Reese Glover, Andrea Fusco, Cristina Cortis, Jos J. de Koning, Teun van Erp, Salvador Jaime, Richard P. Mikat, John P. Porcari, and Carl Foster. "Comparison of RPE (Rating of Perceived Exertion) Scales for Session RPE." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 14, no. 7 (August 1, 2019): 994–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2018-0637.

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Purpose: The session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE) is a well-accepted method of monitoring training load in athletes in many different sports. It is based on the category-ratio (0–10) RPE scale (BORG-CR10) developed by Borg. There is no evidence how substitution of the Borg 6–20 RPE scale (BORG-RPE) might influence the sRPE in athletes. Methods: Systematically training, recreational-level athletes from a number of sport disciplines performed 6 randomly ordered, 30-min interval-training sessions, at intensities based on peak power output (PPO) and designed to be easy (50% PPO), moderate (75% PPO), or hard (85% PPO). Ratings of sRPE were obtained 30 min postexercise using either the BORG-CR10 or BORG-RPE and compared for matched exercise conditions. Results: The average percentage of heart-rate reserve was well correlated with sRPE from both BORG-CR10 (r = .76) and BORG-RPE (r = .69). The sRPE ratings from BORG-CR10 and BORG-RPE were very strongly correlated (r = .90) at matched times. Conclusions: Although producing different absolute numbers, sRPE derived from either the BORG-CR10 or BORG-RPE provides essentially interchangeable estimates of perceived exercise training intensity.

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8

Wilson, Rachel C., and P. W. Jones. "Long-term reproducibility of Borg scale estimates of breathlessness during exercise." Clinical Science 80, no. 4 (April 1, 1991): 309–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0800309.

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1. The intensity of breathlessness in normal subjects during exercise was measured on seven occasions over a 40-week study period to assess the long-term repeatability of Borg scale estimates of breathlessness. 2. In all subjects there was a significant correlation (P = 0.0001) between breathlessness and minute ventilation. Minute ventilation measured at each work rate did not differ between the seven exercise tests (P >0.05). 3. There was no significant difference between the mean Borg scores (measured with respect to a given level of ventilation) in 5 of the 7 test weeks (P >0.05). The slope of the relationship Borg score/minute ventilation did not differ between the seven exercise tests (P >0.05). 4. Breathlessness estimation was highly reproducible both after 1 week and after 40 weeks of the study (both P >0.05). 5. The duration without testing between consecutive tests did not affect reproducibility: the mean Borg score was as equally reproducible after an interval of 22 weeks without testing as after an interval of 1 week (P >0.05). 6. The Borg scale provides a reliable technique for studying the sensation of breathlessness over extended time periods.

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Chakravarthy, Ameera, and Barbara Resnick. "Reliability and Validity Testing of the MotionWatch 8 in Older Adults." Journal of Nursing Measurement 25, no. 3 (2017): 549–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1061-3749.25.3.549.

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Background and Purpose: The purpose of this pilot study was to test the reliability and validity of the MotionWatch 8 with older adults. Methods: Participants wore the MotionWatch 8 for 3 days, completed a diary of activities and the Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) scale. Results: Evidence of reliability and validity was supported because there was no difference in daily level of activity and that recorded physical activity matched the activity counts. There was a significant difference in Borg RPE scale scores between the sedentary group (Borg RPE scale = 8.6,SD= 3.0) and those with some level of activity (Borg RPE scale = 9.9,SD= 2.3;F= 5.72,p= .02). Conclusion: The findings provide preliminary support for the reliability and validity of the MotionWatch 8 when used with older adults.

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10

Penko, Amanda L., Jacob E. Barkley, and Jay L. Alberts. "Validity Of The Borg Rpe Scale For Parkinson's Patients." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 43, Suppl 1 (May 2011): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000402937.98368.9a.

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Petto, Jefferson, Wasly Santana Silva, William Santos-Mestre, Vitor Celestino-da-Silva, and Francisco-Tiago Oliveira-de-Oliveira. "Blood glucose threshold of the inspiratory muscles: is it possible to determine it by Borg?" Revista Andaluza de Medicina del Deporte 14, no. 3 (June 10, 2021): 165–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.33155/j.ramd.2021.06.003.

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Objective: To test the hypothesis that it is possible to estimate the glycemic threshold (GT) of inspiratory muscles using the subjective perception scale to Borg's effort. Methods: Observational association and cross-sectional study, in which 21 male individuals, eutrophic, irregularly active, aged between 18 and 30 years evaluated. All submitted to an incremental inspiratory muscle test to determine the GT. During the test, the traditional Borg scale was applied at each stage of the test. Pearson's test was used to verify the correlation between GT and Borg. Results: A descriptive analysis that GT occurred 23±9.1% of MIP in an absolute load of 32±14.6cmH2O and was compatible with the score of 13±1.5 on the BORG scale (r=0.67) and (r=0.58) respectively. Conclusions: Our results provide evidence that the Borg scale is a viable method to determine the GT of inspiratory muscles and consequently be used for prescribing Inspiratory Muscle Training.

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Park, Jung-Soon, and Laura Punnett. "Factprs Influencing Psychophysical Ratings of Postural Stresses by Automobile Manufacturing Workers." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 44, no. 30 (July 2000): 5–619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120004403078.

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Postural stresses were assessed by two methods; workers' ratings of awkwardness on the Borg CR-10 scale and observed frequency of non-neutral postures. Positive associations were found only in the workers with musculoskeletal pain. Some other job and individual characteristics variables contributed to variability in workers' ratings. This suggests a more thoughtful interpretation of self-reported ratings of postural stresses using the Borg scale.

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Resnick, Marc L. "The Generalizability of Psychophysical Ratings in Predicting the Perception of Lifting Difficulty." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 39, no. 10 (October 1995): 679–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129503901030.

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Psychophysical rating scales have been used as a parameter in lifting guidelines for workers in industrial settings, used to identify musculoskeletal disorders in the workforce, and used as a surveillance tool to identify workforce discomfort. These scales can be an inexpensive and easy-to-use tool for evaluating a large variety of exertions, especially those which are difficult to evaluate using current biomechanical and physiological models because of complex dynamic or asymmetric movements. In order for these scales to be used quantitatively, however, it is essential that they consistently represent the same level of perception across different subjects and tasks. Twenty subjects rated a variety of elbow flexion exertions on the Borg CR-10 scale under two task formats. The intra-subject, inter-subject, and inter-task variations were measured. Results indicate that the Borg CR-10 scale provides a consistent measure of psychophysical perceptions across a variety of task parameters.

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Yamashita, Renata Paciello, Elisabet Borg, Svante Granqvist, and Anette Lohmander. "Reliability of Hypernasality Rating." Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 55, no. 8 (April 10, 2018): 1060–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1055665618767116.

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Objective: To compare reliability in auditory-perceptual assessment of hypernasality for 3 different methods and to explore the influence of language background. Design: Comparative methodological study. Participants and Materials: Audio recordings of 5-year-old Swedish-speaking children with repaired cleft lip and palate consisting of 73 stimuli of 9 nonnasal single-word strings in 3 different randomized orders. Four experienced speech-language pathologists (2 native speakers of Brazilian–Portuguese and 2 native speakers of Swedish) participated as listeners. After individual training, each listener performed the hypernasality rating task. Each order of stimuli was analyzed individually using the 2-step, VISOR and Borg centiMax scale methods. Main Outcome Measures: Comparison of intra- and inter-rater reliability, and consistency for each method within language of the listener and between listener languages (Swedish and Brazilian–Portuguese). Results: Good to excellent intra-rater reliability was found within each listener for all methods, 2-step: κ = 0.59-0.93; VISOR: intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.80-0.99; Borg centiMax (cM) scale: ICC = 0.80-1.00. The highest inter-rater reliability was demonstrated for VISOR (ICC = 0.60-0.90) and Borg cM-scale (ICC = 0.40-0.80). High consistency within each method was found with the highest for the Borg cM scale (ICC = 0.89-0.91). There was a significant difference in the ratings between the Swedish and the Brazilian listeners for all methods. Conclusions: The category-ratio scale Borg cM was considered most reliable in the assessment of hypernasality. Language background of Brazilian–Portuguese listeners influenced the perceptual ratings of hypernasality in Swedish speech samples, despite their experience in perceptual assessment of cleft palate speech disorders.

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Moriguchi, Cristiane Shinohara, Michele Elisabete Rubio Alem, Marc van Veldhoven, and Helenice Jane Cote Gil Coury. "Cultural adaptation and psychometric properties of Brazilian Need for Recovery Scale." Revista de Saúde Pública 44, no. 1 (February 2010): 131–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0034-89102010000100014.

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OBJECTIVE: To translate the Need for Recovery Scale (NFR) into Brazilian Portuguese and culturally adapt it and assess the stability, internal consistency and convergent validity of the Brazilian scale among industrial workers. METHODS: The translation process followed the guidelines for cultural adaptation of questionnaires including the steps of translation, synthesis, back translation, expert committee review, and pre-testing. The Brazilian Portuguese NFR, final version (Br-NFR) was assessed for stability (n=52) and internal consistency (n=192) and for convergent validity through simultaneous assessment with other instruments: the Borg Scale (n=59); the Chalder Fatigue Questionnaire (n=57) and 3 subscales of the SF-36 (n=56). RESULTS: Stability and internal consistency met the criterion for a reliable measure (ICC=0.80 and Cronbach's alpha =0.87, respectively). The convergent validity between Br-NFR and other instruments also showed good results: Borg Scale (r= 0.64); Chalder Questionnaire (r= 0.67); SF-36 subscales: vitality (r= -0.84), physical functioning (r= -0.54), and role-physical (r= -0.47). CONCLUSIONS: The Br-NFR proved to be a reliable instrument to evaluate work-related fatigue symptoms in industrial workers. Furthermore, it showed significant and good correlations with well-established instruments such as the Borg Scale, the Chalder Questionnaire and SF-36 vitality subscale, supporting the validity of the Br-NFR.

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Gasser, B., O. Püntener, H. Hoppeler, and M. Flück. "Is eccentric muscle work adequately perceived? An analysis with BORG-Scale." Deutsche Zeitschrift für Sportmedizin 2018, no. 11 (November 1, 2018): 344–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5960/dzsm.2018.350.

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Rodríguez-Marroyo, Jose A., and Carlos Antoñan. "Validity of the Session Rating of Perceived Exertion for Monitoring Exercise Demands in Youth Soccer Players." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 10, no. 3 (April 2015): 404–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2014-0058.

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Purpose:The purpose of this study was to examine the concurrent and construct validity of the Borg (0–10) and children’s OMNI scales for quantifying the exercise intensity and training load (TL) in youth soccer players.Methods:Twelve children (mean ± SD age 11.4 ± 0.5 y, height 154.3 ± 6.5 cm, body mass 39.5 ± 5.4 kg) took part in this study. Exercise intensity and TL were calculated on the basis of the session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE) and heart rate (HR; Edwards method) during 20 technical-tactical training sessions. Players’ sRPEs were obtained from the Borg and OMNI scales.Results:Low correlations between HR-based TL and sRPE TL based on the Borg (r = .17, P = .335) and OMNI (r = .34, P = .007) scales were obtained. Significant (P < .001) relationships in sRPE (r = .76) and TL (r = .79) between RPE scales were found.Conclusion:The current data do not support the relationship between the sRPE and HR methods for quantifying TL in youth soccer players. However, the sRPE method could be considered a better indicator of global internal TL, since sRPE is a measure of both physical and psychological stress. In addition, the authors demonstrated the construct validity for the OMNI scale to control exercise demands.

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Engbretson, Brenda, Mike Fillinger, Chris Genson, Matt Lynch, Michelle Redington, and Jason Shewchuk. "Can the Borg RPE Scale Be Used to Prescribe Resistance Exercise Intensity?" Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 36, Supplement (May 2004): S4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200405001-00019.

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Leung, R. W., M. L. Leung, P. K. Chung, and B. Quach. "VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY OF THE BORG RPE SCALE IN HONG KONG ADULTS." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 35, Supplement 1 (May 2003): S289. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200305001-01608.

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Pedoe, D. T. "Beta adrenergic blocking drugs and the Borg rating scale of perceived exertion." British Journal of Sports Medicine 31, no. 2 (June 1, 1997): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.31.2.93.

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Engbretson, Brenda, Mike Fillinger, Chris Genson, Matt Lynch, Michelle Redington, and Jason Shewchuk. "Can the Borg RPE Scale Be Used to Prescribe Resistance Exercise Intensity?" Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 36, Supplement (May 2004): S4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/00005768-200405001-00019.

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Ries, Andrew L. "Minimally Clinically Important Difference for the UCSD Shortness of Breath Questionnaire, Borg Scale, and Visual Analog Scale." COPD: Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 2, no. 1 (January 2005): 105–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/copd-200050655.

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Skemp, K. M., S. E. Gaskill, O. A. Sanchez, and A. J. Walker. "RELATIONSHIP AND REPRODUCIBILITY OF TWO RPE SCALES FOR CROSS COUNTRY SKIERS COMPARED TO THE BORG RPE SCALE." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 30, Supplement (May 1998): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005768-199805001-00182.

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Robertson, Robert, Fredric Goss, Timothy Michael, Niall Moyna, Paul Gordon, Paul Visich, Jie Kang, Theodore Angelopoulos, Sergio Dasilva, and Kenneth Metz. "Validity of the Borg Perceived Exertion Scale for Use in Semirecumbent Ergometry during Immersion in Water." Perceptual and Motor Skills 83, no. 1 (August 1996): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1996.83.1.3.

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This investigation examined the validity of the Borg 15-category Ratings of Perceived Exertion (RPE) scale during semirecumbent exercise in 32°C water. 9 men undertook 12 8-min. trials at 3 power outputs and 4 pedal-crank rates. The power output was distributed between the arms (20%) and legs (80%). RPEs were measured for the arms, legs, chest, and over-all body. Correlation coefficients for RPE expressed as a function of power output and gross metabolic efficiency (MEG) ranged from .56 to .83 and .54 to .70, respectively, for each pedal-crank rate. Validity coefficients were greatest at those pedal-crank rates having the highest MEG. The Borg 15-category RPE scale is valid for use during semirecumbent exercise in water.

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Jose, Jane Mary, Vadakken Devassy Thomas, and Kollanur Janso. "Effect of anulom vilom pranayama as an adjuvant treatment modality to improve the level of dyspnea in chronic asthma patients." International Journal of Advances in Medicine 5, no. 2 (March 21, 2018): 241. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20180495.

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Background: Dyspnea is the main symptom suffered by bronchial asthma patients who are even under medical treatment. This study was aimed to evaluate the use of alternate nostril breathing as an adjuvant treatment modality to improve the level of dyspnea in patients with bronchial asthma.Methods: Patients who were diagnosed to have bronchial asthma for more than 6 months with the modified Borg dyspnea score of more than 3 and forced expiratory volume (FEV1) for one second less than 80% included in the study. Anulom Vilom Pranayama was instructed to practice daily for 10 minutes for 4 weeks. The level of dyspnea in pre and post test was conducted using modified Borg dyspnea scale after doing six minute walk. Spirometer was used to assess the FEV1. The data was analysed statistically.Results: Twenty patients were included in the study. Majority belonged to the age group of 20-29 with female dominance and no history of smoking. There was a significant (p = 0.0001) reduction in dyspnea after practicing Anulom Vilom Pranayama for one month. The median of Borg dyspnea scale in the pre-test was 4.5 and that of post-test was 3.5. The mean FEV1 score in the pre-test was 57.20 and that of post-test was 68.75 which was found to be statistically significant (p=0.0001).Conclusions: One-month anulom vilom pranayama daily for 10 minutes improved the Borg dyspnea scale and FEV1 score. This indicates it as an effective intervention in reducing the level of dyspnea in chronic bronchial asthma patients.

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OHTSUKI, Keisuke, Jun KAMENO, Suzuki TETSU, and Susumu WATANABE. "Relationship between Borg Scale and Circulation Response at Double Product Break Point and Investigation of Gender Difference." Rigakuryoho kagaku 24, no. 2 (2009): 167–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1589/rika.24.167.

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Guidetti, Laura, Antonio Sgadari, Cosme F. Buzzachera, Marianna Broccatelli, Alan C. Utter, Fredric L. Goss, and Carlo Baldari. "Validation of the OMNI-Cycle Scale of Perceived Exertion in the Elderly." Journal of Aging and Physical Activity 19, no. 3 (July 2011): 214–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/japa.19.3.214.

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This study examined the concurrent and construct validity of the OMNI-Cycle Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) Scale, using elderly men and women. Seventy-six participants performed a load-incremented cycle-ergometer exercise test. Concurrent validity was determined by correlating OMNI-RPE responses with oxygen uptake, relative peak oxygen uptake, pulmonary ventilation, heart rate, respiratory rate, and respiratory-exchange ratio during a load-incremented cycle-ergometer protocol. Construct validity was established by correlating RPE derived from the OMNI-Cycle Scale with RPE from the Borg (6–20) Scale. Multilevel, mixed linear-regression models indicated that OMNI-RPE distributed as a significant (p< .05) positive linear function (r= .81–.92) for all physiological measures. OMNI-RPE was positively (p< .01) and linearly related to Borg-RPE in elderly men (r= .97) and women (r= .96). This study demonstrates both concurrent and construct validity of the OMNI-Cycle RPE Scale. These findings support the use of this scaling metric with elderly men and women to estimate RPE during cycle-ergometer exercise.

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Johnson, Miriam J., Lucy Close, Suzie C. Gillon, Alex Molassiotis, Paul H. Lee, and Morag C. Farquhar. "Use of the modified Borg scale and numerical rating scale to measure chronic breathlessness: a pooled data analysis." European Respiratory Journal 47, no. 6 (March 17, 2016): 1861–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.02089-2015.

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Demir, Rengin, Melih Zeren, Hulya Nilgun Gurses, and Zerrin Yigit. "Relationship of respiratory muscle strength, pulmonary function, and functional capacity with quality of life in patients with atrial fibrillation." Journal of International Medical Research 46, no. 1 (August 8, 2017): 195–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300060517723252.

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Objective To examine the relationship of pulmonary parameters and functional capacity with quality of life (QoL) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods Thirty-six patients with chronic AF were included in this cross-sectional study. QoL was assessed with the Medical Outcomes Survey 36-item Short Form (SF-36) and Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ). Respiratory muscle strength and pulmonary function were also measured. Functional capacity was assessed with the 6-min walk test (6MWT). The Borg CR10 Scale was used to determine the resting dyspnea and fatigue levels. Results The SF-36 physical component summary score was correlated with the maximum inspiratory pressure (r = 0.517), maximum expiratory pressure (r = 0.391), 6MWT distance (r = 0.542), resting Borg dyspnea score (r = −0.692), and resting Borg fatigue score (r = −0.727). The MLHFQ total score was correlated with the maximum inspiratory pressure (r = −0.542), maximum expiratory pressure (r = −0.384), 6MWT distance (r = −0.535), resting Borg dyspnea score (r = 0.641), and resting Borg fatigue score (r = 0.703). The resting Borg fatigue score was the significant independent predictor of the SF-36 physical component score and the MLHFQ total score. Conclusion Respiratory muscle strength, functional capacity measured with the 6MWT, and resting symptoms including dyspnea and fatigue may have an impact on QoL in patients with AF.

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Shariat, Ardalan, Joshua A. Cleland, Mahmoud Danaee, Reza Alizadeh, Bahram Sangelaji, Mehdi Kargarfard, Noureddin Nakhostin Ansari, Faeze Haghighi Sepehr, and Shamsul Bahri Mohd Tamrin. "Borg CR-10 scale as a new approach to monitoring office exercise training." Work 60, no. 4 (September 18, 2018): 549–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/wor-182762.

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Asakuma, Susumu, Kiyoko Nakamura, and Tadaaki Iwasaki. "Application of New Borg scale in cardic rehabilitation in patients with myocardial infarction." Japanese Circulation Journal 58, SupplementIV (1995): 1348–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1253/jcj.58.supplementiv_1348.

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Gearhart, R. F., A. J. Foreman, L. Horvath, G. G. Gatti, F. L. Goss, and R. J. Robertson. "ASSUMPTION OF LINEARITY IN BORG SCALE RPE RESPONSES ACROSS FITNESS LEVELS AND GENDER." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 30, Supplement (May 1998): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005768-199805001-00183.

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Mador, M. Jeffery, Angel Rodis, and Ulysses J. Magalang. "Reproducibility of Borg Scale Measurements of Dyspnea During Exercise in Patients With COPD." Chest 107, no. 6 (June 1995): 1590–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.107.6.1590.

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Banerjee, Debasree, Jane Kamuren, Grayson L. Baird, Amy Palmisciano, Ipsita Krishnan, Mary Whittenhall, James R. Klinger, and Corey E. Ventetuolo. "The Modified Borg Dyspnea Scale does not predict hospitalization in pulmonary arterial hypertension." Pulmonary Circulation 7, no. 2 (March 16, 2017): 384–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2045893217695568.

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Background Breathlessness is the most common symptom reported by patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The Modified Borg Dyspnea Scale (MBS) is routinely obtained during the six-minute walk test in the assessment of PAH patients, but it is not known whether the MBS predicts clinical outcomes such as hospitalizations in PAH. Methods We performed a retrospective study of World Health Organization (WHO) Group 1 PAH patients followed at our center. The dates of the first three MBS and hospitalizations that occurred within three months of a documented MBS were collected. Marginal Cox hazard regression modeling was used to assess for a relationship between MBS and all-cause as well as PAH-related hospitalization. Results A total of 50 patients were included; most (92%) were functional class III/IV, 44% and 65% were treatment-naïve prior to their first MBS and hospitalization, respectively. The first recorded MBS was inversely correlated with the first recorded six-minute walk distance (6MWD) (r = –0.41, P < 0.01) but did not track with WHO functional class (r = 0.07, P = 0.63). MBS did not predict all-cause (hazard ratio [HR], 0.91; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.76–1.08; P = 0.28) or PAH-related hospitalization (HR, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.89–1.23; P = 0.61), though there was a strong relationship between 6MWD and PAH-related hospitalization ( P = 0.01). These findings persisted after multivariable adjustment. Conclusions Breathlessness as assessed by MBS does not predict all-cause or PAH-related hospitalization. Robust and validated patient-reported outcomes are needed in pulmonary vascular disease.

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Golden, Amy, Emily Troop, Vishwa Raj, Terrence Pugh, and Sarah Sangermano. "Measurement of Activity Tolerance in Oncology Inpatient Rehabilitation Population using Modified Borg Scale." Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 98, no. 10 (October 2017): e81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2017.08.256.

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Yasumura, Kaori, Haruhiko Abe, Taishi Kato, Akiko Idemoto, Kazuya Shinouchi, Tsuyoshi Mishima, Kensuke Yokoi, Motoo Date, Yasunori Ueda, and Yukihiro Koretsune. "Predictive Factors for Overloaded Rehabilitation Using Borg Scale in Patients with Heart Failure." Journal of Cardiac Failure 22, no. 9 (September 2016): S185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cardfail.2016.07.182.

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Andrade, Carolina Pieroni, Antonio Roberto Zamunér, Meire Forti, Thalita Fonseca de França, and Ester da Silva. "The Borg CR-10 scale is suitable to quantify aerobic exercise intensity in women with fibromyalgia syndrome." Fisioterapia e Pesquisa 24, no. 3 (September 2017): 267–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1809-2950/16558824032017.

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ABSTRACT Patients with Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) report higher ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) compared to healthy individuals for the same exercise intensity; however, to our knowledge, no studies have evaluated RPE at the ventilatory anaerobic threshold (VAT) for this population. This study aimed to assess RPE using the Borg CR-10 scale during a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) in women with FMS. Twenty-four women with FMS and twenty healthy control subjects (HC) voluntarily participated in this study. Near the end of every 1-minute period during CPET, subjects were asked to report their RPE for fatigue in the lower limbs (RPE-L) and dyspnea (RPE-D), respectively, according to the Borg CR-10 scale. FMS subjects showed higher RPE-L and RPE-D compared to HC subjects at free wheel and at the first load increment. However, no significant difference was observed between groups for power output. There was no significant difference between groups for RPE-L and RPE-D reported at VAT and peak CPET. However, FMS subjects showed lower power output compared to HC subjects. The present results showed that FMS subjects present higher RPE compared to HC subjects. However, RPE reported at VAT and at peak CPET was not different between groups. The Borg CR-10 scale scores obtained at VAT can be used as an additional parameter for prescribing exercise intensity in aerobic training protocols for women with FMS.

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Zulkarnain, Zulkarnain, and A. P. Tarigan. "HUBUNGAN INDEKS MASSA TUBUH TERHADAP SKALA SESAK NAPAS PADA PENDERITA PENYAKIT PARU OBSTRUKTIF KRONIS STABIL PRIA." JURNAL KEPERAWATAN DAN FISIOTERAPI (JKF) 2, no. 1 (October 31, 2019): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.35451/jkf.v2i1.190.

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COPD is an obstructive pulmonary disease that impact significantly in patients’ quality of life. Dyspnea as a main complaint in COPD patients often occur when the patients do simple thing in their daily life. There are few factors contribute to this condition. From few studies, cachexia as late manifestation of COPD often associated with worse manifestation of dyspnea. The aim of this study is to know whether there was a correlation between body mass index (BMI) and dyspnea scale in COPD patients. This is an analytical study with cross sectional design that involved 34 male participants with diagnosis of COPD. Body mass index was measured by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) and Borg scale was used to measure the dyspnea scale. Spearman Test was used to analyze the correlation between BMI and dyspnea scale. In this study, the majority of patients were obesity (44.1%), but it had slight difference from underweight state (41.2%). Median of BORG scale was 3.0 with range 1-7. From analysis, there was no significant correlation between BMI and dyspnea scale with p-value > 0.05. So, it was concluded that there was no significant correlation between BMI and dyspnea scale in COPD patients. It might be because of few confounding factor that can contribute to this condition.

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Russell, William D. "On the Current Status of Rated Perceived Exertion." Perceptual and Motor Skills 84, no. 3 (June 1997): 799–808. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1997.84.3.799.

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This paper chronicles the psychophysical principles which led to the development of the Ratings of Perceived Exertion (RPE) scale by Borg in 1970 and a concise, comprehensive summary of research on the scale. The current status of research is examined by discussion of several important areas within the field including psychophysical scaling, scale development, psychometrics, and applications. Physiological and psychological approaches are examined and the need for an interdisciplinary approach is addressed.

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Connolly, D. A., B. Fernhall, and M. McHugh. "THE APPLICATION OF BORG??S RPE SCALE IN A POPULATION WITH CORONARY HEART DISEASE." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 24, Supplement (May 1992): S159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/00005768-199205001-00952.

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Borg, Elisabet, and Chantella Love. "A demonstration of the Borg centiMax® Scale (CR100) for performance evaluation in diving." Nordic Psychology 70, no. 3 (December 14, 2017): 228–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19012276.2017.1410070.

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Hanafiah, Ghamal Arif, Amira P. Tarigan, Pandiaman Pandia, and Putri C. Eyanoer. "Effect of Lower Extremity Exercise on The Borg Scale in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease." Jurnal Respirologi Indonesia 40, no. 4 (October 31, 2020): 238–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.36497/jri.v40i4.141.

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Persiyanova-Dubrova, A. L., T. V. Marphina, and N. G. Badalov. "Water aerobics training: selection and control of the exercise intensity using the Borg scale." Voprosy kurortologii, fizioterapii i lechebnoi fizicheskoi kul'tury 98, no. 2 (2021): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17116/kurort20219802139.

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OTTANELLI, R., E. ROSI, I. ROMAGNOLI, M. C. RONCHI, B. LANINI, M. GRAZZINI, M. FILIPPELLI, L. STENDARDI, R. DURANTI, and G. SCANO. "Perception of bronchoconstriction and bronchial hyper-responsiveness in asthma." Clinical Science 98, no. 6 (May 10, 2000): 681–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0980681.

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The inter-relationship between the perception of bronchoconstriction, bronchial hyper-responsiveness and temporal adaptation in asthma is still a matter of debate. In a total of 52 stable asthmatic patients, 32 without airway obstruction [forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)/vital capacity (VC) 84.1% (S.D. 7.9%)], and 20 with airway obstruction [FEV1/VC 60% (4%)], we assessed the perception of bronchoconstriction during methacholine inhalation by using: (i) the slope and intercept of the Borg and VAS (Visual Analog Scale) scores against the decrease in FEV1, expressed as a percentage of the predicted value; and (ii) the Borg and VAS scores at a 20% decrease in FEV1 from the lowest post-saline level (PB20). Bronchial hyper-responsiveness was assessed as the provocative concentration of methacholine causing a 20% fall in FEV1 (PC20FEV1). The reduction in FEV1 was significantly related to the Borg and VAS scores, with values for the group mean slope and intercept of this relationship of 0.13 (S.D. 0.08) and -1.1 (3.02) for Borg, and 1.5 (1.19) and -12.01 (35) for VAS. PB20 was 3 (1.75) with Borg scores and 34.6 (20.5) with VAS scores. Compared with the subgroup without airway obstruction, the obstructed subgroup exhibited similar slopes, but lower Borg and VAS intercepts. For similar decreases in FEV1 (5–20% decreases from the lowest post-saline values), the Borg and VAS scores were lower in the non-obstructed than in the obstructed subgroup. PC20FEV1 was significantly related to both Borg PB20 and VAS PB20 when considering all patients. When assessing the subgroups, PC20FEV1 was related to Borg PB20 and VAS PB20 in the non-obstructed subjects, but not in the obstructed subjects. In neither subgroup was the log of the cumulative dose related to the Borg and VAS scores at the end of the test. We conclude that, unlike in previous studies, the ability to perceive acute bronchoconstriction may be reduced as background airflow obstruction increases in asthma. Bronchial hyper-responsiveness did not play a major role in perceived breathlessness in patients without airway obstruction, and even less of a role in patients with obstruction. The cumulative dose of agonist did not appear to influence the perception of bronchoconstriction.

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Hunter, Eric J., Mark L. Berardi, and Miriam van Mersbergen. "Relationship Between Tasked Vocal Effort Levels and Measures of Vocal Intensity." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 64, no. 6 (June 4, 2021): 1829–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2021_jslhr-20-00465.

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Purpose Patients with voice problems commonly report increased vocal effort, regardless of the underlying pathophysiology. Previous studies investigating vocal effort and voice production have used a range of methods to quantify vocal effort. The goals of the current study were to use the Borg CR100 effort scale to (a) demonstrate the relation between vocal intensity or vocal level (dB) and tasked vocal effort goals and (b) investigate the repeated measure reliability of vocal level at tasked effort level goals. Method Three types of speech (automatic, read, and structured spontaneous) were elicited at four vocal effort level goals on the Borg CR100 scale (2, 13, 25, and 50) from 20 participants (10 females and 10 males). Results Participants' vocal level reliably changed approximately 5 dB between the elicited effort level goals; this difference was statistically significant and repeatable. Biological females produced a voice with consistently less intensity for a vocal effort level goal compared to biological males. Conclusions The results indicate the utility of the Borg CR100 in tracking effort in voice production that is repeatable with respect to vocal level (dB). Future research will investigate other metrics of voice production with the goal of understanding the mechanisms underlying vocal effort and the external environmental influences on the perception of vocal effort.

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Rocha-Muñoz, Alberto Daniel, Aniel Jessica Leticia Brambila-Tapia, María Guadalupe Zavala-Cerna, José Clemente Vásquez-Jiménez, Liliana Faviola De la Cerda-Trujillo, Mónica Vázquez-Del Mercado, Norma Alejandra Rodriguez-Jimenez, et al. "Influence of Anti-TNF and Disease Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs Therapy on Pulmonary Forced Vital Capacity Associated to Ankylosing Spondylitis: A 2-Year Follow-Up Observational Study." Journal of Immunology Research 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/980147.

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Objective. To evaluate the effect of anti-TNF agents plus synthetic disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) versus DMARDs alone for ankylosing spondylitis (AS) with reduced pulmonary function vital capacity (FVC%).Methods. In an observational study, we included AS who had FVC% <80% at baseline. Twenty patients were taking DMARDs and 16 received anti-TNF + DMARDs. Outcome measures: changes in FVC%, BASDAI, BASFI, 6-minute walk test (6MWT), Borg scale after 6MWT, and St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire at 24 months.Results. Both DMARDs and anti-TNF + DMARDs groups had similar baseline values in FVC%. Significant improvement was achieved with anti-TNF + DMARDs in FVC%, at 24 months, when compared to DMARDs alone (P=0.04). Similarly, patients in anti-TNF + DMARDs group had greater improvement in BASDAI, BASFI, Borg scale, and 6MWT when compared to DMARDs alone. After 2 years of follow-up, 14/16 (87.5%) in the anti-TNF + DMARDs group achieved the primary outcome: FVC% ≥80%, compared with 11/20 (55%) in the DMARDs group (P=0.04).Conclusions. Patients with anti-TNF + DMARDs had a greater improvement in FVC% and cardiopulmonary scales at 24 months compared with DMARDs. This preliminary study supports the fact that anti-TNF agents may offer additional benefits compared to DMARDs in patients with AS who have reduced FVC%.

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Forti, Meire, Antonio Roberto Zamunér, Vandeni Clarice Kunz, Mariana Rodrigues Salviati, Tarcísio Augusto Gonçalves Nery, and Ester da Silva. "Ratings of perceived exertion at anaerobic threshold in patients with coronary artery disease." Fisioterapia e Pesquisa 21, no. 2 (April 2014): 113–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1809-2950/37321022014.

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The study aimed to identify and compare the ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) at the ventilatory anaerobic threshold (VAT) in healthy subjects and patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). A total of 30 male subjects took part in the study and were divided into three groups: a control group (CG) composed of 10 healthy participants; a group composed of 10 participants diagnosed with CAD beta-blocker user (G-DACb); and a group composed of 10 participants with CAD non-beta-blocker user (G-DAC). The participants performed a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) with continuous type ramp protocol to determine the VAT, through the visual graphical analysis (loss of parallelism between the oxygen uptake and the carbon dioxide output). During CPET, before the end of each one-minute period, the subjects were asked to rate dyspnea (RPE-D) and leg fatigue (RPE-L) on the Borg CR-10 scale. After the VAT was determined, the score that the participants gave on the Borg CR10 scale was verified. CG participants showed higher workload, oxygen uptake, carbon dioxide output, ventilation and heart rate at the VAT compared to the G-DAC and G-DACb (p<0.05). However, regarding the RPE-L and the RPE-D, no significant difference between the groups were observed (p<0.05). Values between five and six on Borg CR-10 scale matched the VAT in the subjects studied. However, other parameters must be concomitantly used for prescribing exercise intensity in physical training protocols, at levels close to the VAT for patients with CAD.

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Batista, Danilo Rodrigues, Vlademir Meneghel, Felipe De Ornelas, Marlene Aparecida Moreno, Charles Ricardo Lopes, and Tiago Volpi Braz. "Acute physiological and affective responses in postmenopausal women during prescribed and self-selected aerobic exercise:." Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte 19, no. 2 (March 18, 2019): 28–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/cpd.359501.

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Few elderly meet current physical activity (PA) guidelines. The limitations for PA adherence is due the barriers found such as displeasure, discomfort, pain and sense of exhaustion. Self-selected exercise has been strategy for PA adherence, due greatest tolerance by aerobic exercise practitioners. The aim of this study was investigate physiological and psychological responses in prescribed and self-selected sessions in postmenopausal women. It was recruited 27 women active. The study consisted 3 moments: familiarization, self-selected, prescribed sessions. The intensity of self-selected session was replicated in prescribed session. There was significant main effect of the time for HR (p=0,047), FS (p=0,009) and Borg scale (p=0,012). Session by time interaction the significant main effect in HR (p<0,001). Significant mean difference was observed for psychological variables FS (p= 0,011), Borg scale (p= 0,016) and ITL (p<0,001). This study demonstrates the self-selected session relationship with greatest affection and low perceived effort exercise when compared to prescribed exercise

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Pires, Flávio Oliveira, and John Hammond. "Manipulation effects of prior exercise intensity feedback by the Borg scale during open-loop cycling." British Journal of Sports Medicine 46, no. 1 (January 24, 2011): 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2010.079053.

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Pritchett, Robert C., Andrew T. Del Pozzi, Charlie P. Katica, and Kelly L. Pritchett. "Field Test Validation Of The Borg 15-point Categorical Scale For Rating Of Perceived Exertion." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 43, Suppl 1 (May 2011): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000402932.45003.f7.

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