Relevant bibliographies by topics / Born in Bradford study

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Academic literature on the topic 'Born in Bradford study'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 15 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Born in Bradford study"

1

Wright, J., N. Small, P. Raynor, et al. "Cohort Profile: The Born in Bradford multi-ethnic family cohort study." International Journal of Epidemiology 42, no. 4 (2012): 978–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/dys112.

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Taylor, Kurt, Nancy McBride, Neil J Goulding, et al. "Metabolomics datasets in the Born in Bradford cohort." Wellcome Open Research 5 (November 5, 2020): 264. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16341.1.

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Metabolomics is the quantification of small molecules, commonly known as metabolites. Collectively, these metabolites and their interactions within a biological system are known as the metabolome. The metabolome is a unique area of study, capturing influences from both genotype and environment. The availability of high-throughput technologies for quantifying large numbers of metabolites, as well as lipids and lipoprotein particles, has enabled detailed investigation of human metabolism in large-scale epidemiological studies. The Born in Bradford (BiB) cohort includes 12,453 women who experienced 13,776 pregnancies recruited between 2007-2011, their partners and their offspring. In this data note, we describe the metabolomic data available in BiB, profiled during pregnancy, in cord blood and during early life in the offspring. These include two platforms of metabolomic profiling: nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry. The maternal measures, taken at 26-28 weeks’ gestation, can provide insight into the metabolome during pregnancy and how it relates to maternal and offspring health. The offspring cord blood measurements provide information on the fetal metabolome. These measures, alongside maternal pregnancy measures, can be used to explore how they may influence outcomes. The infant measures (taken around ages 12 and 24 months) provide a snapshot of the early life metabolome during a key phase of nutrition, environmental exposures, growth, and development. These metabolomic data can be examined alongside the BiB cohorts’ extensive phenotype data from questionnaires, medical, educational and social record linkage, and other ‘omics data.
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Taylor, Kurt, Nancy McBride, Neil J Goulding, et al. "Metabolomics datasets in the Born in Bradford cohort." Wellcome Open Research 5 (September 10, 2021): 264. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16341.2.

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Metabolomics is the quantification of small molecules, commonly known as metabolites. Collectively, these metabolites and their interactions within a biological system are known as the metabolome. The metabolome is a unique area of study, capturing influences from both genotype and environment. The availability of high-throughput technologies for quantifying large numbers of metabolites, as well as lipids and lipoprotein particles, has enabled detailed investigation of human metabolism in large-scale epidemiological studies. The Born in Bradford (BiB) cohort includes 12,453 women who experienced 13,776 pregnancies recruited between 2007-2011, their partners and their offspring. In this data note, we describe the metabolomic data available in BiB, profiled during pregnancy, in cord blood and during early life in the offspring. These include two platforms of metabolomic profiling: nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry. The maternal measures, taken at 26-28 weeks’ gestation, can provide insight into the metabolome during pregnancy and how it relates to maternal and offspring health. The offspring cord blood measurements provide information on the fetal metabolome. These measures, alongside maternal pregnancy measures, can be used to explore how they may influence outcomes. The infant measures (taken around ages 12 and 24 months) provide a snapshot of the early life metabolome during a key phase of nutrition, environmental exposures, growth, and development. These metabolomic data can be examined alongside the BiB cohorts’ extensive phenotype data from questionnaires, medical, educational and social record linkage, and other ‘omics data.
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Shirangi, Adeleh, John Wright, Eve M. Blair, Rosemary RC McEachan, and Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen. "Occupational chemical exposures in pregnancy and fetal growth: evidence from the Born in Bradford Study." Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health 46, no. 4 (2020): 417–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5271/sjweh.3878.

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Hepworth, S. J., L. K. Fraser, E. Petherick, et al. "P20 Description of dietary intakes of acrylamide in the born in Bradford birth cohort study." Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health 64, Suppl 1 (2010): A41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech.2010.120477.20.

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Sahota, Pinki, Lisa A. Gatenby, Darren C. Greenwood, Maria Bryant, Sian Robinson, and John Wright. "Ethnic differences in dietary intake at age 12 and 18 months: the Born in Bradford 1000 Study." Public Health Nutrition 19, no. 1 (2015): 114–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980015000932.

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AbstractObjectiveTo compare the intake of key indicator foods at age 12 months and 18 months between infants of Pakistani and White British origin.DesignLogistic regression was used to model associations between ethnicity and consumption of key indicator foods defined by high or low energy density using an FFQ at age 12 and 18 months.SettingBorn in Bradford 1000 study, Bradford, UK.SubjectsInfants (n 1259; 38 % White British, 49 % Pakistani), mean age 12·7 (sd 1·0) months and toddlers (n 1257; 37 % White British, 49 % Pakistani), mean age 18·7 (sd1·0) months.ResultsAt 12 months, Pakistani infants consumed more commercial sweet baby meals than White British infants, with greater odds for being above average consumers (adjusted OR (AOR)=1·90; 95 % CI 1·40, 2·56), more chips/roast potatoes (AOR=2·75; 95 % CI 2·09, 3·62), less processed meat products (AOR=0·11; 95 % CI 0·08, 0·15), more fruit (AOR=2·20; 95 % CI 1·70, 2·85) and more sugar-sweetened drinks (AOR=1·68; 95 % CI 1·29, 2·18). At 18 months these differences persisted, with Pakistani infants consuming more commercial sweet baby meals (AOR=4·57; 95 % CI 2·49, 8·39), more chips/roast potato shapes (AOR=2·26; 95 % CI 1·50, 3·43), more fruit (AOR=1·40; 95 % CI 1·08, 1·81), more sugar-sweetened drinks (AOR=2·03; 95 % CI 1·53, 2·70), more pure fruit juice (AOR=1·82; 95 % CI 1·40, 2·35), more water (AOR=3·24; 95 % CI 2·46, 4·25) and less processed meat (AOR=0·10; 95 % CI 0·06, 0·15) than White British infants.ConclusionsDietary intake during infancy and the early toddlerhood period is associated with ethnicity, suggesting the importance of early and culturally adapted interventions aimed at establishing healthy eating behaviours.
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Dickerson, Josie, Bridget Lockyer, Rachael H. Moss, et al. "COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in an ethnically diverse community: descriptive findings from the Born in Bradford study." Wellcome Open Research 6 (August 16, 2021): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16576.2.

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Background: The roll out of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines are underway in the UK, and ensuring good uptake in vulnerable communities will be critical to reducing hospital admissions and deaths. There is emerging evidence that vaccine hesitancy is higher in ethnic minorities and deprived areas, and that this may be caused by distrust and misinformation in the community. This study aims to understand COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in an ethnically diverse and deprived population of Bradford through the Born in Bradford (BiB) research programme. Methods: Surveys were sent to parents in BiB who had taken part in a previous Covid-19 survey (n=1727). Cross tabulations explored variation by ethnicity and deprivation. Answers to a question asking the main reason for hesitancy was analysed using thematic analysis. Results: 535 (31%) of those invited between 29 th October-9 th December 2020 participated. 48% were White British, 37% Pakistani heritage and 15% from other ethnicities; 46% were from the most deprived quintile of the Index of Multiple Deprivation. 29% of respondents do want a vaccine, 10% do not. The majority had not thought about it (29%) or were unsure (30%). Vaccine hesitancy differed by ethnicity and deprivation: 43% (95% CIs: 37-54%) of White British and 60% (35-81%) in the least deprived areas do want a vaccine, compared to 13% (9-19%) of Pakistani heritage and 20% (15-26%) in the most deprived areas. Reasons for not wanting a vaccine were commonly explained by confusion and distrust which was linked to exposure to misinformation. Conclusions: There is a risk of unequitable roll out of the vaccination programme in the UK with higher vaccine hesitancy in ethnic minorities and those living in deprived areas. There is an urgent need to tackle misinformation that is leading to uncertainty and confusion about the vaccines.
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Cooper, Duncan L., Emily S. Petherick, and John Wright. "The association between binge drinking and birth outcomes: results from the Born in Bradford cohort study." Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 67, no. 10 (2013): 821–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2012-202303.

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Stacey, Tomasina, Stephanie Prady, Melanie Haith-Cooper, Soo Downe, Nigel Simpson, and Kate Pickett. "Ethno-Specific Risk Factors for Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: Findings from the Born in Bradford Cohort Study." Maternal and Child Health Journal 20, no. 7 (2016): 1394–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10995-016-1936-x.

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Mahoney, Samuel, Maria Bryant, Pinki Sahota, and Stuart Barber. "Dietary intake in the early years and its relationship to BMI in a bi-ethnic group: the Born in Bradford 1000 study." Public Health Nutrition 21, no. 12 (2018): 2242–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980018000654.

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AbstractObjectiveTo assess relationships between dietary intake at age 12, 18 and 36 months and BMI Z-scores at age 36 months in a bi-ethnic group.DesignA prospective cohort study comparing cross-sectional and longitudinal data. Exposures included dietary intake at 12, 18 and 36 months (FFQ) with an outcome of BMI Z-score at age 36 months.SettingBorn in Bradford 1000 study, Bradford, UK.SubjectsInfants at age 12 months (n 722; 44 % White British, 56 % Pakistani), 18 months (n 779; 44 % White British, 56 % Pakistani) and 36 months (n 845; 45 % White British, 55 % Pakistani).ResultsDiet at age 12 months was not associated with BMI Z-score at age 36 months. Higher consumption of vegetables at 18 and 36 months was associated with a lower BMI Z-score at 36 months (model coefficient (95 % CI): −0·20 (−0·36, −0·03) and −0·16 (−0·31, −0·02), respectively). Higher consumption of high-fat chips at age 36 months was associated with a lower BMI Z-score at age 36 months (−0·16 (−0·32, 0·00)). Overall, White British children had higher 36-month BMI Z-scores than Pakistani children (adjusted mean difference (95 % CI): 0·21 (0·02, 0·41)).ConclusionsOur findings indicate that dietary intake at 18 and 36 months was somewhat related to BMI Z-score at age 36 months and suggest the importance of early interventions aimed at establishing healthy eating behaviours.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Born in Bradford study"

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Uphoff, Eleonora P. M. M. "Are social connections associated with health and wellbeing in a context of social disadvantage and ethnic diversity? : a study of Pakistani and White British women and infants in the 'Born in Bradford' cohort." Thesis, University of York, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/9341/.

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Social disadvantage extends beyond a lack of income and basic necessities, to being deprived of the material and social resources required to lead a happy, healthy and fulfilling life. The focus of this study is on the role of social connections in relation to health, in a context of social disadvantage and ethnic diversity. In this thesis I aim to study the associations between ethnic density, social capital and health for Pakistani and White British mothers and infants in the Born in Bradford study. Data from the Born in Bradford cohort were linked with area-level data to create a multilevel dataset of 4,357 Pakistani and 3,869 White British mother-infant pairs. While own ethnic density was not associated with birth weight or preterm birth, higher South Asian density was associated with lower odds of smoking for both Pakistani and White British women. Although levels of social capital seemed to be low and levels of social disadvantage were high, different indicators of social capital were associated with health outcomes for Pakistani and White British mothers and infants. There was some evidence to suggest that social capital provides health benefits especially to those in disadvantaged circumstances. Social disadvantage for Pakistani women and infants in particular proved hard to capture with measures of individual socioeconomic status and area deprivation, and social gradients in health were attenuated for Pakistani women and infants in the Born in Bradford study and the Millennium Cohort Study. The associations between social resources and health vary by ethnic group, social status, and health outcome, and there is no strong evidence that the promotion of social capital is a useful public health strategy. Greater social equality together with the social inclusion of minority groups are likely to provide the ideal context in which social capital can thrive, regardless of the social or ethnic composition of neighbourhoods.
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Edwards, Susan. "Haloacetic acids in public drinking water and risk of adverse birth outcomes in the 'Born in Bradford' cohort." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/44280.

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Disinfection of drinking water is vital to protect the public against disease. However disinfectants such as chlorine react with organic matter in drinking water to produce a wide range of chemical disinfection by-products (DBPs) of potential health concern including haloacetic acids (HAAs). This thesis is an epidemiologic analysis investigating the relationship between prenatal exposure to HAAs in drinking water and adverse birth outcomes in 'Born in Bradford', a large multi-ethnic prospective birth cohort study based in Bradford, England. It focuses on the understudied and as yet unregulated HAAs which are the second most prevalent class of chlorination DBPs in UK drinking waters. To assess exposure, area-level concentrations to three select HAAs (measured in drinking water samples newly collected for this study, modelled in time and space, and weighted to each cohort woman's specific trimester of pregnancy by postcode of residence) were combined with individual water consumption information collected via questionnaire at recruitment to the cohort. Despite the benefits of state-of-the-art exposure metrics and a large sample size, this study does not find any significant patterns of association between prenatal exposure to HAAs and either birth weight, being born term low birth weight or small-for-gestational age. Water consumption over the course of late pregnancy was further studied in a subset of cohort women. A small but significant increase in water consumption was reported, bearing in mind that both behaviour change over the third trimester of pregnancy and measurement error likely contributed to this effect. This research addresses some of the limitations of previous DBP studies in terms of exposure assessment and birth outcome definitions, and uniquely evaluates the variability of individual water consumption over time. It also identifies areas for future research and examines the importance of HAAs and birth weight-based outcomes in the larger research context.
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Spilker, Cord Elmar. "Community study of multiple sclerosis in Bradford." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.590283.

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The epidemiology of multiple sclerosis has informed us about the unique distribution of the disease worldwide and has helped to generate important hypotheses in order to understand more about the aetiology of the disease. Studies of the prevalence and the incidence of MS in the United Kingdom have contributed to this body of research. The aim of this study was to examine the epidemiology of MS in the multiethnic population in the Bradford Health Authority in West Yorkshire/UK and to investigate the phenotype of MS in the South Asian population. This population based study identified 344 people with MS on prevalence day 1st July 2008. The crude prevalence was 112.3/10. The prevalence in the non-South Asian population was 135.5/10 using the non-South Asian population as the denominator. The prevalence of multiple sclerosis in the South Asian population was 46/10 using the South Asian population as the denominator. Using the 1961 population of Northern Ireland as the reference population the standardised prevalence was 121/10 (CI 108-134). When age-adjusted to the European and World Standard population, the prevalence was 123.7/10 (CI 110-137) and 111.1/10 (CI 99- 123) respectively. Thirty-seven people with MS of South Asian origin were clinically assessed and their Expanded Disability Status Scale scores and Multiple Sclerosis Severity Score recorded. The overall severity of MS in this cohort appeared to be similar to that of the severity of MS in the UK. However, a significant number of patients experienced a rapid disease progression at a young age. Our observations indicate a potentially more severe clinical course in the South Asian population with MS suggesting the need for future well-designed studies in order to confirm or refute these results.
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Rifet, Saima. "Exploring Hybridity in the 21st Century: The Working Lives of South Asian Ethnic Minorities from a British Born Generation in Bradford." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/7721.

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This thesis explores the working lives of British Born South Asian Ethnic Minorities (BB SAEMs), critiquing the homogenous identities ascribed to them in previous research. Its methodology is life-story interviews analysed using Nvivo. This identified four hybrid categories emerging from two cultures. I fitted myself neatly into just one. However the reflexive analysis required in good qualitative research led me to realise that I fitted into not one, but all four categories, and into others not yet recognised. At this point, my thesis had to take a new turn. An auto-ethnographic, moment-by-moment study led to an ‘unhybrid categorisation of hybridities’ acknowledging ‘fuzziness and mélange, cut ‘n’ mix, and criss and crossover’ where identity is a complex-mix, always in flux. I conclude not only with this new theory of identity formation in the working lives of BB SAEMs, but also by arguing that by imposing the requirement to categorise, research methods lead to over-simplification and misunderstanding.
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Mebrahtu, Teumzghi Fisseha. "Incidence and burden of allergic conditions and the effects of birthweight and growth on wheezing disorders in the Born in Bradford cohort." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/13283/.

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Past epidemiologic studies have claimed that birthweight, body mass index, and childhood growth are associated with childhood wheezing disorders although the findings are inconsistent. The aim of this thesis was to investigate the effects of birthweight body mass index and childhood growth on wheezing disorders through meta-analyses of past epidemiologic studies and using contemporary cohort data. An online search of published papers linking childhood wheezing disorders with birthweight, BMI, and growth was carried out using EMBASE and Medline medical research databases. Risk estimates were pooled using a random-effects method. Data from 13,734 Born in Bradford (BiB) cohort children were used to investigate the incidence and burden of allergic diseases, and the effects of birthweight on wheezing disorders. Data of 1,598 BiB1000 children were used to investigate the effects of weight at the age of 3 years and childhood growth on wheezing disorders. Birthweight was categorised using the World Health Organisation and Centre for Disease Prevention and Control guidelines. Weight Standardised Scores were derived using World Health Organisation growth standards. Body mass index was categorised based on Centre for Disease Prevention and Control guideline. Based on a total of 77 studies that comprised more than 3 million children, the summary risk estimates indicated that low birthweight children have an increased risk of wheezing disorders when compared with the normal birthweight children. In addition, underweight children have a reduced risk of wheezing disorders whilst overweight and obese children have an increased risk when compared with normal body mass index children. Based on the cohort data, the results indicate that the burden of allergic conditions is higher than previously reported in earlier studies. In addition, there is an increased risk of wheezing disorders for low birthweight, slow growth during the first three months, and fast growth between 3 and 12 months.
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Solheim, Erling Magnus. "The Internationalization Process of Born Global Companies : A study of born globals without prior internationalization experience." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for industriell økonomi og teknologiledelse, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-21148.

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Background: Observations of born global firms breaking with the traditional paradigm of stage-wise internationalization processes led to the emergence of the field of International Entrepreneurship (IE), an intersection between International Business and entrepreneurship. Literature calls for stronger theoretical foundation in IE research and increased use of theory from the field of entrepreneurship. A recent research stream employs effectuation theory from the entrepreneurship domain in modeling the internationalization process, though in various ways. There is also a consensus that experience is necessary to found born global companies and to do it using effectual logic. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to increase the understanding of the internationalization process and the role of experience in born global firms. It aims to contribute to the recent stream of research employing effectuation theory on internationalization processes. For practitioners, it aims to increase the knowledge of effectuation as viable internationalization logic and the role of experience to born globals. Method: An empirical case study has been conducted using two case companies which recently have gone through an internationalization process, both without prior internationalization experience. Transcribed and coded interviews with founders from both firms were analyzed using a theoretical framework developed from a literature review. Results: The results show that both case companies, despite lack of prior internationalization experience, comply with the definitions of being born globals and their internationalization processes seem to follow an effectual logic. Both firms show tendencies to rely on key resources within their network for knowledge and confidence. Theoretical Implications: This thesis firstly shows that prior internationalization experience is not necessarily required for founding born globals using effectual logic. Effectuation is also shown to be a viable theoretical framework for understanding the early internationalization process of born global firms, also those without prior internationalization experience. This thesis suggests that a possible substitute for experience among inexperienced born globals is knowledgeable key resources within their network. Practical Implications: Entrepreneurs and stakeholders of born global firms in an early internationalization process are recommended to acknowledge the likely effectual character of the process, for example by focusing on exploiting contingent opportunities rather than making detailed plans of the process ahead. It is also recommended to be attentive to the importance of key knowledge resources in the network for firms without prior internationalization experience. Originality / value: Few studies have employed effectuation theory to understand the early stages of the internationalization process of born global firms, and especially on firms without prior internationalization experience. This thesis increases the generalizability of effectuation as theoretical framework to understand internationalization, and develops the understanding of experience’s role in born global firms. Limitations and future research: The thesis had a limited time frame, and future research is recommended to incorporate a temporal perspective through for example longitudinal studies of born global firms from inception toward successful internationalization. By including firms with and without prior internationalization experience in the sample, knowledge could also be gained as to how this influences their behavior and potential success. Keywords: International Entrepreneurship, Born Globals, Effectuation
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Rafiq, M. "Asian businesses in Bradford, West Yorkshire : A study of ethnic entrepreneurship in retailing, manufacturing and the service industries." Thesis, University of Bradford, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.381009.

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Jackson, John Charles. "Elementary School Attendance in Bradford 1863-1903: A Study Using School Log Books." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/14253.

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This thesis examines the issue of elementary school attendance in later nineteenth century Bradford. It seeks to do this by means of a little used source: the school log book. The focus of the study is on the experiences of head teachers who faced a constant struggle to achieve and maintain an acceptable level of attendance in Bradford where child employment in the flourishing textile industry had long been an inherent feature of working class life. It investigates broader issues affecting attendance in the context of prevailing social, cultural, religious, and economic factors. While the significant and influential pressures on attendance in Bradford were to be found elsewhere (for example, parental apathy; hostility to compulsory attendance; child labour; health and welfare), this investigation discovers that the town’s problems were compounded and made difficult by its phenomenal growth and rapid emergence by the middle of the nineteenth century as the undisputed capital of the world’s worsted manufacturing trade. It concludes that in the study of Victorian elementary school attendance Bradford deserves greater recognition in consideration of the tension between the demands of the most prolific half-time system of employment in the country, and prevailing attitudes to the introduction of universal elementary education in England and Wales.
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Malmgren, Erik, and David Shacham. "A Study of the Entrepreneur’s Perceptions of the Born Global Phenomenon." Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Business and Engineering (SET), 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-1074.

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<p>This dissertation sets out to explore the phenomenon of Born Globals, a small, international entrepreneurial firm. The study aims at exploring how the entrepreneur perceives the factors that influence the creation of a Born Global. This topic has been chosen since little research has been carried out in order to investigate what the entrepreneurs find important in the creation of a Born Global. This fact has been the basis in developing our study’s aim to investigate the factors’ relative importance. </p><p>The first step in the investigation is the literature review which is carried out in order to gain significant knowledge about the phenomenon before collecting empirical data of our own, the deductive approach. The literature review revolves around the conceptual framework created by Andersson & Wictor (2003), which has been used to summarise other findings by other authors into the four subcategories that our found to facilitate the creation of a Born Global. In addition to these factors we have found that nation specific characteristics and company specific advantages, as well as entry modes are feasible facilitators to discuss further.</p><p>When considering methodology a qualitative design has been found the most suitable. The approach used is influenced by Phenomenography which aims to describe people’s perceptions and experiences of different phenomena. In order to investigate this phenomenon we have used open interviews with two different entrepreneurs that were found through careful sampling. The companies chosen are located on two different continents and in two different businesses.</p><p>The interviews have been transcribed and categorised and the empirical data have been divided into the same categories used in the literature review. This has been done in order to make it easier to read but also easier to analyse. After the summary of the empirical data we have conducted a cross analysis. In analysing the data we have looked for similarities and differences in order to draw conclusions regarding the issues set out to investigate. </p><p>The empirical results and the analysis revolve around the six areas outlined in the theory, i.e. Globalisation, Entrepreneur, Networks, Industry, Entry Modes, and A fit between nation specific characteristics and company specific advantages. The two entrepreneurs consider the same factors to have had the biggest influence for the biggest part. However they disagree regarding the importance of Networks and Market Entry. These factors have both had an impact on the companies but their relative importance is disputed. </p><p>We would like to stress that the investigated attitudes are subjective. It is the interviewees’ attitudes and opinions the study has been aiming at investigating and therefore it is important to identify the individual as a factor when discussing the investigation’s credibility. It is rather unlikely that we would have reached the same conclusions with different interviewees but since it is attitudes that have been investigated it is only natural and does therefore not clash with the purpose of the study.</p>
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Hamza, Aziz, and Salman Zulfiqar. "Challenges to Born Global SMEs : A study on overcoming the challenges that are faced by born global SMEs." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Umeå universitet, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-47872.

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Purpose: The purpose of the study is to explore the challenges that are faced by born global SMEs and how they overcome these challenges. Method: For literature review and secondary research, data and information has been gathered from disciplines of international entrepreneurship. Primary research has been done on four born global firms; two from Sweden and two from Pakistan. Qualitative research and analysis has been used in the study. Originality: This study contributes to literature by covering some missing portions in born global discipline. In this research, effort is made to compile various challenges that are faced by born global firms, through literature review. The report further has focused on overcoming these challenges by gathering information through primary research. Conclusion: The research has concluded that there are certain challenges that are faced by born global firms in their international business development. These challenges are internal as well as external. Despite these challenges and problems, born global firms are able to achieve their position in international market by overcoming these challenges through building networks and competency alliances with partners situated internationally.
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Books on the topic "Born in Bradford study"

1

Reid, Helen. Multi-faith cities: A case study of Bradford. Department of Theology and Religious Studies, University of Leeds, 1999.

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United States. Federal Insurance Administration. Flood insurance study: Borough of Monroe, Pennsylvania, Bradford County. Federal Emergency Management Agency, 1992.

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The open door: The Bradford bilingual project. Multilingual Matters, 1987.

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Bradford, De Long J., ed. Study guide for use with 'Macroeconomics: updated edition' J. Bradford DeLong. McGraw-Hill, 2002.

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Natural-born proud: A revery. Utah State University Press, 2010.

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Born together--reared apart: The landmark Minnesota twin study. Harvard University Press, 2012.

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Born again: A biblical and theological study of regeneration. Baker Book House, 1987.

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Sahota, Parminder. An action study report on women in the Laisterdyke area of Bradford: A fieldwork report compiled for the Bradford Drugs Prevention Team. Bradford Drugs Prevention Team, 1992.

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Siddique, Mohammed. Action study on the misuse of drugs in Manningham (Bradford): A fieldwork report compiled for the Bradford Drugs Prevention Team by Mohammed Siddique. Bradford Drugs Prevention Team, 1992.

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Snarey, John R. How fathers care for the next generation: A four-decade study. Harvard University Press, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Born in Bradford study"

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Csermely, Peter. "A Principle is Born: The Granovetter Study." In Weak Links. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-31157-7_1.

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Schretter, Lukas. "Alimony payments for children born of war: A case study of British occupation children in Austria and Germany after World War II." In Children Born of War. Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429199851-9-10.

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Robinson, Brent S., and James F. Greenleaf. "An Experimental Study of Diffraction Tomography under the Born Approximation." In Acoustical Imaging. Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3692-5_41.

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Matějček, Z., Z. Dytrych, and V. Schüller. "Follow-Up Study of Children Born to Women Denied Abortion." In Novartis Foundation Symposia. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470720967.ch11.

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An, Jung-Ran, Sung Taek Lee, Ju-Hyung Kim, and Gwang-Yong Gim. "A Study on Effects of Supporting Born Global Startups Policy Affecting the Business." In Software Engineering Research, Management and Applications. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98881-8_10.

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Hussain, Zahid, and Jasdeep Singh. "A Study of Consumer Attitudes and Behaviour Towards Sustainability in Bradford, UK: An Economical and Environmentally Sustainable Opportunity." In Corporate Sustainability. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37018-2_6.

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Peckham, C. S., Y. D. Senturia, and A. E. Ades. "Infants born to mothers seropositive for HIV: Results from the ongoing European Collaborative Study." In AIDS and Obstetrics and Gynaecology. Springer London, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3150-2_9.

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Stacey, Meghan. "Born into the Business: A Study of the Early Career Teacher as Market Native." In The Business of Teaching. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-35407-7_1.

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Rudd, B. T. "Prevalence of Adrenal 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency in Neonates Born in the West Midlands: a Retrospective Study." In Practical Developments in Inherited Metabolic Disease: DNA Analysis, Phenylketonuria and Screening for Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia. Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4131-1_18.

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Uthamaputhran, Sathiswaran, Solomon Gbene Zaato, Noor Raihani Zainol, Nur Ain Ayunni Sabri, and Nadzirah bt Mohd Said. "The Role of Technological Capabilities: A Study of Malaysian High-Tech Born Global Companies’ Early Internationalization." In The Importance of New Technologies and Entrepreneurship in Business Development: In The Context of Economic Diversity in Developing Countries. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69221-6_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Born in Bradford study"

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Masefield, SC, SL Prady, and KE Pickett. "RF16 The effects of caring for young disabled children on mothers’ health and healthcare use: findings from the born in bradford cohort study." In Society for Social Medicine and Population Health and International Epidemiology Association European Congress Annual Scientific Meeting 2019, Hosted by the Society for Social Medicine & Population Health and International Epidemiology Association (IEA), School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland, 4–6 September 2019. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2019-ssmabstracts.131.

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Petherick, ES, L. Sherar, S. Barber, M. Hamer, and J. Wright. "P37 Relationship between physical activity and blood glucose markers during pregnancy amongst a multi-ethnic maternal cohort: results from the born in bradford cohort study." In Society for Social Medicine 62nd Annual Scientific Meeting, Hosted by the MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, 5–7 September 2018. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2018-ssmabstracts.163.

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West, J., G. Santorelli, P. Collings, J. Wright, and D. Lawlor. "P94 Associations between maternal pregnancy, social and lifestyle characteristics and offspring blood pressure at age 4/5 in white british and pakistani origin participants in the born in bradford study." In Society for Social Medicine, 61st Annual Scientific Meeting, University of Manchester, 5–8 September 2017. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2017-ssmabstracts.195.

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Fuller, Harriett, Mark Iles, J. Bernadette Moore, and Michael Zulyniak. "P81 The role of the serum metabolome in driving GDM in white Europeans and high-risk Pakistani women: a multivariate analysis of the born in Bradford cohort." In Society for Social Medicine Annual Scientific Meeting Abstracts. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2021-ssmabstracts.169.

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Mabrouk, N., H. Berriche, F. X. Gadea, Theodore E. Simos, and George Maroulis. "Theoretical Study of the CsLi Molecule Beyond the Born-Oppenheimer Approximation." In COMPUTATIONAL METHODS IN SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING: Theory and Computation: Old Problems and New Challenges. Lectures Presented at the International Conference on Computational Methods in Science and Engineering 2007 (ICCMSE 2007): VOLUME 1. AIP, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2836051.

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Doneva, D., S. Yazadjiev, M. Todorov, I. Stefanov, Michail D. Todorov, and Christo I. Christov. "Numerical Study of Linear Stability of Scalar-tensor Born-Infeld Black Holes." In 1ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLICATIONS OF MATHEMATICS IN TECHNICAL AND NATURAL SCIENCES. AIP, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3265324.

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Papaioannou, Georgia, Evangelia Manopoulou, Marina Tsaoussoglou, Polytimi Panaghiotopoulou-Gartagani, George Chrousos, and Athanasios Kaditis. "Adenotonsillar tissue size in prematurely-born children with snoring: An MRI study." In Annual Congress 2015. European Respiratory Society, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2015.pa4167.

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Clarke, Gemma, Shenaz Ahmed, Wali Nazar, Clare Rayment, and Michael Bennett. "35 Pain in advanced disease: initial findings from a qualitative interview study with british south asians in leeds and bradford, UK." In Marie Curie Palliative Care Research Conference. British Medical Journal Publishing Group, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/spcare-2019-mariecuriepalliativecare.35.

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Schuch, Florian, Daniel Gerster, Daniel Hein, and Alexander Benlian. "Implementing Scaled-Agile Frameworks at Non-Digital Born Companies - A Multiple Case Study." In Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24251/hicss.2020.530.

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Acharyya, Kakoli De, and Saugata Acharyya. "P377 Comparison of the immune response to BCG vaccination in newborn babies born following Assisted reproduction, with those born by natural conception: A Prospective cohort study." In Faculty of Paediatrics of the Royal College of Physicians of Ireland, 9th Europaediatrics Congress, 13–15 June, Dublin, Ireland 2019. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2019-epa.723.

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Reports on the topic "Born in Bradford study"

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Altamirano, Midori. Vasectomy Disparities among Foreign-Born Latinos Living in the United States: A Preliminary Study. Portland State University Library, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/honors.212.

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Stephan, Paula, Chiara Franzoni, and Giuseppe Scellato. Choice of Country by the Foreign Born for PhD and Postdoctoral Study: A Sixteen-Country Perspective. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w18809.

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Kimura, M. Removal of nonorthogonality in the Born theory used for study of electron capture in high energy ion-atom collisions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6207841.

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Eckert, Elizabeth, Eleanor Turner, and Jo Anne Yeager Sallah. Youth Rural-Urban Migration in Bungoma, Kenya: Implications for the Agricultural Workforce. RTI Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2019.op.0062.1908.

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Abstract:
This study provides insights into a specific, hard-to-reach youth subpopulation—those born in agricultural areas in Western Kenya who migrate to large towns and cities—that is often missed by research and development activities. Using a mixed-methods approach, we find high variability in movement of youth between rural villages, towns, and large urban areas. Top reasons for youth migration align with existing literature, including pursuit of job opportunities and education. For youth from villages where crop farming is the primary economic activity for young adults, 77 percent responded that they are very interested in that work, in contrast to the common notion that youth are disinterested in agriculture. We also find many youth interested in settling permanently in their villages in the future. This research confirms that youth migration is dynamic, requiring that policymakers and development practitioners employ methods of engaging youth that recognize the diversity of profiles and mobility of this set of individuals.
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