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Journal articles on the topic 'Borrmast'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 13 February 2022

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1

Collins, S. P., M. Tolkiehn, R. F. Pettifer, and D. Laundy. "Borrmann spectroscopy." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 190 (November 1, 2009): 012045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/190/1/012045.

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2

Díaz del Arco, Cristina, Luis Ortega Medina, Lourdes Estrada Muñoz, Elena Molina Roldán, M. Ángeles Cerón Nieto, Soledad García Gómez de las Heras, and M. Jesús Fernández Aceñero. "Are Borrmann’s Types of Advanced Gastric Cancer Distinct Clinicopathological and Molecular Entities? A Western Study." Cancers 13, no. 12 (June 21, 2021): 3081. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13123081.

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Most studies on the clinicopathological impact of Borrmann classification for gastric cancer (GC) have been performed in Asian patients with type IV tumors, and immunohistochemical features of Borrmann types have scarcely been analyzed. We assessed the clinicopathological, molecular features and prognostic value of Borrmann types in all patients with advanced GC resected in a Western institution (n = 260). We observed a significant relationship between Borrmann types and age, systemic symptoms, tumor size, Laurén subtype, presence of signet-ring cells, infiltrative growth, high grade, tumor necrosis, HERCEPTEST positivity, microsatellite instability (MSI) and molecular subtypes. Polypoid GC showed systemic symptoms, intestinal-type histology, low grade, expansive growth and HERCEPTEST positivity. Fungating GC occurred in symptomatic older patients. It presented intestinal-type histology, infiltrative growth and necrosis. Ulcerated GC showed smaller size, intestinal-type histology, high grade and infiltrative growth. Most polypoid and ulcerated tumors were stable-p53-not overexpressed or microsatellite unstable. Flat lesions were high-grade diffuse tumors with no MSI, and occurred in younger and less symptomatic patients. No association was found between Borrmann classification and prognosis. According to our results, Borrmann types may represent distinct clinicopathological and biological entities. Further research should be conducted to confirm the role of Borrmann classification in the stratification of patients with advanced GC.

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3

BALDWIN, G. C., M. S. FELD, J. P. HANNON, J. T. HUTTON, and G. T. TRAMMELL. "MÖSSBAUER-BORRMANN SUPERRADIANCE." Le Journal de Physique Colloques 47, no. C6 (October 1986): C6–299—C6–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jphyscol:1986637.

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4

Collins, S. P., M. Tolkiehn, T. Laurus, and V. E. Dmitrienko. "Anisotropy in Borrmann spectroscopy." European Physical Journal Special Topics 208, no. 1 (June 2012): 75–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjst/e2012-01608-1.

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5

Lang, A. R. "From Borrmann to Super-Borrmann Effect: from 2-Beam ton-Beam Diffraction." Crystal Research and Technology 33, no. 4 (1998): 613–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1521-4079(1998)33:4<613::aid-crat613>3.0.co;2-9.

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6

Song, Kyo Young, and Eun Young Kim. "The effect of curative surgery in Borrmann type IV advanced gastric cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 33, no. 3_suppl (January 20, 2015): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2015.33.3_suppl.176.

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176 Background: The aims of the present study are to know the significance of curative surgery in Borrmann type IV and prove the causes related with poor prognosis by analyzing the recurrence patterns and unique diagnostic characteristics. Methods: We analyzed 168 patients with Borrmann type IV undergoing surgery at Seoul St. Mary Hospital from 1989 to 2010. We categorized the patients into curative (R0) and non-curative (R1, R2 and no-resection) group. Results: The numbers of curative and non-curative group were 91 and 77. The 3- and 5-yr OSRs of patients in curative group were significantly higher than those in non-curative group (curative: 52.4% and 33.0%, non-curative: 18.6% and 7.0%; p<0.001). In multivariate analysis, the curability was not a significant prognostic factor for survival (p=0.527). The most frequent recurrence site was peritoneum (64.7%). Most of recurrences were presented within early 2 years. The preoperative diagnostic rate of Borrmann type IV was only 50.5%. The reasons for non-curative surgery were unexpected peritoneal seeding (28.4%) and resection margin involvement (6.4%). Conclusions: The role of surgery for Borrmann type IV is quite limited. It has poor prognosis even after curative surgery, because it is very difficult to diagnose preoperatively and make curative surgery. [Table: see text]

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7

Novikov, V. B., and T. V. Murzina. "Borrmann effect in photonic crystals." Optics Letters 42, no. 7 (March 29, 2017): 1389. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.42.001389.

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8

Yamashita, Keishi, Natsuya Katada, Kei Hosoda, Hiroaki Mieno, Hiromitsu Moriya, Shiro Kikuchi, and Masahiko Watanabe. "Lauren Histology and Lymphatic Permeation are Critical Prognostic Factors in Borrmann Type I Gastric Cancer." International Surgery 103, no. 1-2 (April 1, 2019): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.9738/intsurg-d-15-00205.1.

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Macroscopic Borrmann type I is relatively rare in advanced gastric cancer, and its detailed prognostic traits are unknown. Among 5172 gastric cancer patients between 1971 and 2013, 114 cases with macroscopic Borrmann type I were identified (2.2%), among which 112 displayed clinicopathologic factors. Univariate prognostic factors with statistical significance were initially selected, which were further applied to the multivariate proportional hazards model. Recently, postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy was recommended for stage II/III gastric cancer patients. Results were as follows: (1) Five-year overall survival (OS) was 66% in Borrmann type I gastric cancer. Five-year relapse-free survival (RFS) was 100%, 87.1%, and 65.5% in stage IA, stage IB, and stage II/III, respectively. (2) Multivariate proportional hazard model for OS identified lymphatic permeation [hazard ratio (HR) = 4.8–7.5, P = 0.0021] and age (HR = 2.4, P = 0.026), while the multivariate analysis for RFS identified histology (HR = 3.5, P = 0.018) and lymphatic permeation (HR = 3.5–4.7, P = 0.049) as independent prognostic factors. (3) Recurrence was recognized more in liver of the intestinal type histology. Diffuse type histology with robust lymphatic invasion was all attributed to stage II/III, which occurred largely within 1 year and exhibited 49% RFS. Recurrence pattern of Borrmann Type I gastric cancer with intestinal type histology is unique, and patients with high risk for recurrences were enriched in diffuse type histology with robust lymphatic invasion.

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9

Hutton, J. T., J. P. Hannon, and G. T. Trammell. "Multibeam Borrmann modes inγ-ray optics." Physical Review A 37, no. 11 (June 1, 1988): 4269–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.37.4269.

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10

Pettifer, Robert F., Stephen P. Collins, and David Laundy. "Quadrupole transitions revealed by Borrmann spectroscopy." Nature 454, no. 7201 (July 2008): 196–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature07099.

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11

Klapper, Helmut. "Obituary for Gerhard Borrmann (1908 – 2006)." Crystal Research and Technology 41, no. 12 (December 2006): 1151–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/crat.200610740.

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12

Biagini, M. "Quantum theory of the Borrmann effect." Physical Review A 42, no. 7 (October 1, 1990): 3695–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.42.3695.

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13

Campos, C., and S. L. Chang. "Experimental observation of the Borrmann pyramid – the Borrmann fan for four-beam transmission of X-rays." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography 42, no. 5 (September 1, 1986): 348–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108767386099130.

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14

Okunev, A. O., G. A. Verozubova, E. M. Trukhanov, I. V. Dzjuba, P. R. J. Galtier, and S. A. Said Hassani. "Study of structural defects in ZnGeP2crystals by X-ray topography based on the Borrmann effect." Journal of Applied Crystallography 42, no. 6 (October 30, 2009): 994–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889809037777.

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The first study of structural defects in a ZnGeP2semiconducting nonlinear optical crystal has been carried out by X-ray topography, based on the Borrmann effect, and the effect of anomalous transmission of X-rays on ZnGeP2crystals has been examined. It is shown that the rosette technique of defect study under conditions of the Borrmann effect, developed earlier for elementary semiconductors, can be applied to the study and identification of defects in ZnGeP2. Features of contrast from individual edge and screw dislocations, microdefects, and coherent and semi-coherent microinclusions were considered. Defect identification was carried out by comparison of the experimental intensity contrast with simulated images of the defects.

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15

Kirste, Lutz, Karolina Grabianska, Robert Kucharski, Tomasz Sochacki, Boleslaw Lucznik, and Michal Bockowski. "Structural Analysis of Low Defect Ammonothermally Grown GaN Wafers by Borrmann Effect X-ray Topography." Materials 14, no. 19 (September 22, 2021): 5472. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14195472.

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X-ray topography defect analysis of entire 1.8-inch GaN substrates, using the Borrmann effect, is presented in this paper. The GaN wafers were grown by the ammonothermal method. Borrmann effect topography of anomalous transmission could be applied due to the low defect density of the substrates. It was possible to trace the process and growth history of the GaN crystals in detail from their defect pattern imaged. Microscopic defects such as threading dislocations, but also macroscopic defects, for example dislocation clusters due to preparation insufficiency, traces of facet formation, growth bands, dislocation walls and dislocation bundles, were detected. Influences of seed crystal preparation and process parameters of crystal growth on the formation of the defects are discussed.

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16

Staudenmann, J. L., L. D. Chapman, W. J. Murphy, R. D. Horning, and G. L. Liedl. "Determination of beam polarization from integrated Borrmann intensities." Journal of Applied Crystallography 18, no. 6 (December 1, 1985): 519–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889885010810.

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The beam polarization ratio of a dual graphite monochromator system was studied with the Borrmann polarimeter technique in the wavelength range between 0.7093 and 1.6782 Å. This ratio depends on the polarization of the beam incident on the first `crystal', on the properties of the `crystals' and on geometrical effects, especially those arising from the collimation conditions. All these dependences were studied. Furthermore, the experimental difficulties in using a Borrmann polarimeter were examined with some care and are outlined for the benefit of others who realise the importance of measuring their own beam polarization ratio. In this connection, a number of pictures of scans showing the horizontal and vertical divergences, the background levels arising from Borrmann crystals of inadequate thickness, the effects of crystal settings on χ scans etc. are displayed. In accordance with custom, the results are reported in terms of the exponent n in the expression (beam polarization ratio) K′ = cos 2n 2θ m , where the 2 in the exponent arises from using a dual monochromator. As is well known, secondary extinction leads to values of n from near zero to two, even if the incident beam is unpolarized, n values ranging from 0.35 to 1.67 were found and these are discussed in terms of polarization of the incident beam and the collimation conditions.

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17

Nasonov, Nikolai N. "Borrmann effect in parametric X-ray radiation." Physics Letters A 260, no. 5 (September 1999): 391–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0375-9601(99)00545-9.

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18

Mai, Z., and H. Zhao. "Absorption effect on Borrmann–Lehmann interference phenomena." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography 45, no. 9 (September 1, 1989): 602–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108767389003211.

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19

Hutton, J. T., J. P. Hannon, and G. T. Trammell. "Multibeam Borrmann modes and crystallineγ-ray lasers." Physical Review A 37, no. 11 (June 1, 1988): 4280–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.37.4280.

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20

Freitas, Alexandre Coutinho Teixeira de, Josiane Mourão Dias, Luciano Okawa, and Júlio Cezar Uili Coelho. "Análise da margem cirúrgica proximal do estômago em pacientes submetidos à gastrectomia subtotal por adenocarcinoma." ABCD. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cirurgia Digestiva (São Paulo) 21, no. 3 (September 2008): 106–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-67202008000300002.

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RACIONAL: A gastrectomia subtotal atualmente é considerada padrão ouro no tratamento da neoplasia gástrica do terço médio e distal. No entanto, foi demonstrado que a ocorrência de neoplasia residual na margem cirúrgica proximal está associada à redução da sobrevida. OBJETIVOS: analisar a margem cirúrgica proximal no exame anátomo-patológico de pacientes submetidos à gastrectomia subtotal por adenocarcinoma gástrico e identificar os fatores relacionados com o acometimento neoplásico dessa margem. MÉTODOS: No período entre janeiro de 1998 e dezembro de 2007 foram revisados os prontuários dos pacientes submetidos à gastrectomia subtotal devido a adenocarcinoma gástrico do terço médio e distal. Os pacientes foram analisados quanto à idade, sexo, classificação de Lauren, classificação de Borrmann, maior diâmetro da lesão, localização da lesão no estômago, clínico e presença de invasão angiolinfática. Foi realizada análise univariada desses dados em relação ao acometimento da margem proximal do estômago no exame anátomo-patológico. RESULTADOS: Foram analisados 104 casos: 34 do sexo feminino e 70 do sexo masculino com idade média de 57±13 anos. Doze pacientes (12,3%) apresentaram acometimento da margem proximal. A análise univariada entre os fatores analisados e o acometimento neoplásico da margem proximal demonstrou associação somente em relação à classificação de Borrmann. CONCLUSÃO: A classificação macroscópica de Borrmann, especialmente nos estágios III e IV, está relacionada à presença de acometimento da margem proximal nos casos de adenocarcinoma gástrico dos terços médio e distal submetidos a tratamento com gastrectomia subtotal.

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21

Lei, Zuotao, Aleksei Okunev, Chongqiang Zhu, Galina Verozubova, and Chunhui Yang. "Low-angle boundaries in ZnGeP2single crystals." Journal of Applied Crystallography 51, no. 2 (February 21, 2018): 361–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600576718001097.

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The structure of low-angle boundaries in ZnGeP2crystals grown by the vertical Bridgman technique was studied using Borrmann X-ray topography. The slip systems of the dislocations in the boundaries were identified by studying the contrast rosettes generated by the Borrmann effect, in the region near the dislocation core. It was shown that the boundaries are of two types: type I consists of edge dislocations of the {1\overline{1}0}〈110〉 slip system, and type II of edge and mixed dislocations of the {010}〈100〉 slip system. The boundaries of both types, consisting of pure edge dislocations with lines along [001], are symmetrical tilt boundaries with [001] rotation axes. The misorientations generated by the boundaries were estimated to range between 2–20 and 1–40′′, respectively. Low-angle boundaries are thought to be formed by polygonization of dislocations, caused by thermoelastic stresses.

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22

NAKAMURA, KATSUHIRO, and HIROSHI SUE. "Pepsinogen isozymes in Borrmann IV type gastric carcinoma." Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine 145, no. 1 (1985): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1620/tjem.145.39.

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23

TAIRA, Koji, Tomoyoshi ATSUTA, Noriyuki ITOH, Hohei HISHIYAMA, Masaaki NENOHI, Tohru NISHIYAMA, Susumu KOSHIKO, Hiroyuki KATOH, and Tatsuzoh TANABE. "CLINICAL STUDY OF BORRMANN TYPE 4 GASTRIC CANCER." Journal of the Japanese Practical Surgeon Society 52, no. 3 (1991): 498–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.3919/ringe1963.52.498.

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24

KODAMA, Masashi, Hirofuki KOYAMA, Sumiyuki SONE, Teisao CHIDA, Akira ARAKAWA, and Kenji KOYAMA. "PROGNOSTIC FACTORS OF BORRMANN TYPE 4 GASTRIC CARCINOMA." Journal of the Japanese Practical Surgeon Society 53, no. 9 (1992): 2052–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3919/ringe1963.53.2052.

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25

YOKOYAMA, Yoshinobu, Yoshitaka KURODA, Masahide KAJI, Masuo NAKAI, Naotaka KADOYA, Takao TANIYA, Kazuhisa YABUSHITA, Koji KONISHI, and Masahiko TSUJI. "STUDIES ON BORRMANN TYPE 4 TOTAL GASTRIC CANCER." Journal of the Japanese Practical Surgeon Society 55, no. 10 (1994): 2483–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3919/ringe1963.55.2483.

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26

Yook, Jeong Hwan, Sung Tae Oh, and Byung Sik Kim. "Clinicopathological Analysis of Borrmann Type IV Gastric Cancer." Cancer Research and Treatment 37, no. 2 (2005): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4143/crt.2005.37.2.87.

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27

Kang, Tae Ho, Ji Yeong An, Yong Seok Kim, Min Gew Choi, Jae Hyung Noh, Tae Sung Sohn, and Sung Kim. "Clinicopathological Features of Borrmann Type IV Gastric Carcinomas." Journal of the Korean Gastric Cancer Association 6, no. 4 (2006): 270. http://dx.doi.org/10.5230/jkgca.2006.6.4.270.

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28

Razdol’skii, I. E., T. V. Murzina, O. A. Aktsipetrov, and M. Inoue. "Borrmann effect in photonic crystals: Nonlinear optical consequences." JETP Letters 87, no. 8 (June 2008): 395–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0021364008080018.

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29

Bozzetti, Federico. "Surgical treatment of borrmann type IV gastric carcinoma." Journal of the American College of Surgeons 185, no. 2 (August 1997): 200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1072-7515(01)00786-4.

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30

SUZUKI, TANJI. "THE MALIGNANCY OF BORRMANN TYPE 3 GASTRIC CANCER." KITAKANTO Medical Journal 37, no. 4 (1987): 367–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2974/kmj1951.37.367.

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31

Staudenmann, J. L., and L. D. Chapman. "Diffractometer alignment and polarization determination of X-ray beams by means of the Borrmann effect." Journal of Applied Crystallography 22, no. 2 (April 1, 1989): 162–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889888013603.

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The Borrmann effect, that is, the anomalous transmission of X-ray beams through sufficiently thick perfect crystals in Laue geometry, is a sensitive diffraction tool which has many fundamental and practical applications: the accurate alignment of any full four-circle instrument (equipped with a cradle in asymmetric design) with respect to the incident beam, measurement of the divergence of any X-ray beam, and the precise determination of the beam polarization, incident or diffracted. For these applications, it is shown that no modifications to the diffractometer are required. The measurements simply consist of measuring φ and χ rocking curves of the anomalous transmitted beam where the ω angle is used as a parameter. The analyses require the findings of the peak centroid positions, the full widths at half maximum and the rocking-curve integrated intensities. Some results are presented as illustrations of the method. These Borrmann-effect applications promise to be more helpful for diffractometers installed at synchrotrons than for in-house laboratories.

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32

Shintani, Hiroshi, Shoji Oura, and Shinichiro Makimoto. "Recurrence of Gastric Cancer in the Jejunum Close to the Anastomotic Site after Total Gastrectomy." Case Reports in Oncology 14, no. 2 (June 4, 2021): 767–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000509998.

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A 61-year-old man underwent total gastrectomy with esophago-jejunostomy for Borrmann type I gastric cancer. Postoperative intra-abdominal abscess made the patient unable to receive adjuvant chemotherapy. Only 23 weeks after operation, the patient developed melena and anemia, leading to the diagnosis of recurrence in the jejunum close to the anastomotic site. The patient received salvage resection of the recurrence. Pathological study showed that the tumor was composed of atypical cells similar to those of the primary gastric cancer. Normal jejunal mucosa was observed between the esophagus and the recurrent tumor. We judged that exfoliation of the gastric cancer cells caused the recurrence due to both the very short disease-free interval and pathological findings. Surgeons should pay attention to this type of recurrence especially for Borrmann type I gastric cancer. In addition to the adjuvant chemotherapy, gastric irrigation using distilled water during the operation seems to be a feasible measure to prevent this type of recurrence.

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33

Yoon, S., C. Yoo, I. Park, H. Chang, T. Kim, J. Lee, J. Yook, S. Oh, B. Kim, and Y. Kang. "Prognostic significance of preoperative serum tumor markers in the patients with curatively resected advanced gastric cancers." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2009): e15515-e15515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e15515.

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e15515 Background: We evaluated the prognostic significance of preoperative tumor markers, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 19–9 (CA19–9), and carbohydrate antigen 72–4 (CA72–4), in the patients with curatively resected advanced gastric cancers (AGC). Methods: Preoperative serum tumor markers were available for 667 patients who had been enrolled in a phase III trial of adjuvant chemotherapy (AMC0201). We compared the relapse free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) according to patient's pre-treatment clinical characteristics and serum tumor markers by using log rank test and Cox proportional hazard model. Results: Of total 667 patients, 3 year RFS rate and OS rate were 67.4% and 75.0%, respectively. Postoperative pathologic stage was II in 353 (52.9%), IIIA in 202 (30.3%), IIIB in 61 (9.1%), and IV (M0) in 51 (7.6%). CEA, CA19–9, CA72–4 were elevated pre-operatively in 64 of 665 patients (9.6%), 75 of 664 patients (11.3%), and 121 of 639 patients (18.9%), respectively. After the median follow-up of 38.4 months, 209 patients (31.3%) had recurrence, and 164 patients (24.6%) died. In the univariate analysis, location of tumor, type of surgery, Borrmann type, TNM stage, the elevation of CEA and CA72–4 level were significant prognostic factors for RFS and OS. In the multivariate analysis, serum CA72–4 was independent significant prognostic factor for RFS and OS as well as tumor location, Borrmann type, and stage Conclusions: Pre-operative serum CEA and CA72–4 levels were independent prognostic factors as well as clinical characteristics of pathologic stage, tumor location and Borrmann type in patients with curatively resected AGC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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34

YAMASE, Hiroshi, Kunio TAKAGI, Toshifusa NAKAJIMA, Ichiro OHHASHI, Hirotoshi OHTA, Tomoyuki TAKAHASHI, Kenji TSUCHIE, et al. "Clinico-pathological study on Borrmann 4 type gastric carcinoma." Japanese Journal of Gastroenterological Surgery 19, no. 3 (1986): 645–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5833/jjgs.19.645.

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35

Fukamachi, T., R. Negishi, and T. Kawamura. "Dynamical diffraction in the Laue case with Borrmann absorption." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography 50, no. 4 (July 1, 1994): 475–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108767393013935.

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36

Zhang, Wenya, Jian Chen, Weixin Lu, and Bo Hou. "Borrmann modulation of terahertz absorption in 3D printing microlattices." AIP Advances 9, no. 12 (December 1, 2019): 125002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5123655.

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37

Lukavetskyy, Nazar, Taras Fetsych, and Igor Hipp. "Impact of Borrmann Classification in Gastric Cardia Cancer Prognostication." Annals of Oncology 24 (June 2013): iv53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/annonc/mdt203.60.

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38

Qi, Zeming, Riichirou Negishi, Tomoe Fukamachi, Zongyan Zhao, and Takaaki Kawamura. "Origin of Enhanced Borrmann Effect in Asymmetric Laue Case." Journal of the Physical Society of Japan 68, no. 11 (November 15, 1999): 3528–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jpsj.68.3528.

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39

Murphy, W. J., L. D. Chapman, J. L. Staudenmann, and G. L. Liedl. "Borrmann effect for alignment of a four-circle diffractometer." Journal of Applied Crystallography 18, no. 2 (April 1, 1985): 71–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889885009852.

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40

Lang, A. R., G. Kowalski, A. P. W. Makepeace, and M. Moore. "Observations of Borrmann–Lehmann interference patterns with synchrotron radiation." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography 42, no. 6 (November 1, 1986): 501–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108767386098811.

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41

Liu, X., Y. Xu, Z. Long, H. Zhu, and Y. Wang. "The prognostic significance of apoptosis-related biological markers in Chinese gastric cancer patients." Journal of Clinical Oncology 29, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2011): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2011.29.4_suppl.108.

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108 Background: The prognosis varied among the patients with the same stage, therefore there was a need for new prognostic and predictive factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship of apoptosis-related biological markers such as P21, P27, P53, Bcl-2, Bax, and c-myc, and clinicopathological features and their prognostic value. Methods: From January 1996 to December 2007, 4,426 patients had undergone gastrectomy for gastric cancer at Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center. Among 501 patients, the expression levels of P21, P27, P53, Bcl-2, Bax, and c-myc were examined by immunohistochemistry. The prognostic value of biological markers and the correlation between biological markers and other clinicopathological factors were investigated. Results: There were 339 males and 162 females (2.09:1) with a mean age of 57. The percentages of positive expression of P21, P27, P53, Bcl-2, Bax, and c-myc were 73%, 25%, 65%, 22%, 43%, and 58%, respectively. There was a strong correlation between P21, P53, Bax, and c-myc expression (p = 0.00). There was significant association between P27, Bcl-2, and Bax expression (p < 0.05). The P21 expression correlated with male (p = 0.00), histological grade (p = 0.00), Borrmann type (p = 0.02), tumor location (p = 0.01); the P53 expression with histological grade (p = 0.01); Bcl-2 expression with pathological stage (p = 0.01); Bax expression with male (p = 0.02), histological grade (p = 0.01), Borrmann type (p = 0.01), tumor location (p = 0.00), lymph node metastasis (p = 0.03), pathological stage (p = 0.01); c-myc expression with Borrmann type (p = 0.00). Bcl-2 expression was related with good survival in univariate analysis (p = 0.01). Multivariate analysis showed that Bcl-2 expression and pathological stage were defined as independent prognostic factors for gastric cancers. There was significant differences of overall 5-year survival rates according to Bcl-2 expression or not in stage III (p = 0.00). Conclusions: The expressionof Bcl-2 was an independent prognostic factor for Chinese patients with gastric cancer; it might be a candidate for the gastric cancer staging system. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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Mocella, V., J. P. Guigay, J. Hrdý, C. Ferrero, and J. Hoszowska. "Bent crystals in Laue geometry: dynamical focusing of a polychromatic incident beam." Journal of Applied Crystallography 37, no. 6 (November 11, 2004): 941–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889804023829.

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The main limitation of Laue geometry for the achievement of a small focus size is the focus broadening caused by the intrinsic Darwin width and the spread of the beam in the Borrmann triangle, resulting from propagation inside the crystal. A method, based on dynamical focusing, is suggested that allows improvement of the quality of high-energy polychromatic focusing by bent crystals in Laue geometry.

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43

Seo, Bo Kyoung, Yun Hwan Kim, Kue Hee Shin, Suk Joo Hong, Hong Weon Kim, Cheol Min Park, Kyoo Byung Chung, and Hyun Deuk Cho. "Borrmann Type IV Adenocarcinoma versus Gastric Lymphoma: Spiral CT Evaluation." Journal of the Korean Radiological Society 41, no. 6 (1999): 1155. http://dx.doi.org/10.3348/jkrs.1999.41.6.1155.

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EBATA, Toshiaki, Kazuaki ASAISHI, Takashi SATOH, Masahiko ICHIJO, Toshihide ABE, Takeshi TAKASHIMA, Masashi NAKANO, and Hiroshi HAYASAKA. "Prognosis and surgical results in Borrmann 4 typed gastric cancer." Japanese Journal of Gastroenterological Surgery 22, no. 10 (1989): 2344–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5833/jjgs.22.2344.

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Park, Sung Soo, Sung Hoon Kim, Seung Joo Kim, Chong Suk Kim, and Young Jae Mok. "Outcome of Surgical Treatment for Borrmann Type 4 Gastric Cancer." Journal of the Korean Gastric Cancer Association 3, no. 4 (2003): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.5230/jkgca.2003.3.4.221.

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NAKANE, Yasushi, Hisanao KOMADA, Yasunobu ASAO, Nobuyasu IMABAYASHI, Masaharu NISHI, Takehiko HATANO, Koshiro HIOKI, and Masakatsu YAMAMOTO. "CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL STUDIES ON BORRMANN 4 TYPE CARCINOMA OF THE STOMACH." Japanese Journal of Gastroenterological Surgery 18, no. 4 (1985): 758–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5833/jjgs.18.758.

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Lang, A. R., G. Kowalski, and A. P. W. Makepeace. "Borrmann–Lehmann interference patterns in perfect and in distorted crystals." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography 46, no. 3 (March 1, 1990): 215–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108767389011670.

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Bogdanova, M. V., Yu E. Lozovik, and S. L. Eiderman. "An optical analog of the Borrmann effect in photonic crystals." Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics 110, no. 4 (April 2010): 604–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1063776110040072.

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Klapper, H., and I. L. Smolsky. "Borrmann-Effect Topography of Thick Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate (KDP) Crystals." Crystal Research and Technology 33, no. 4 (1998): 605–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1521-4079(1998)33:4<605::aid-crat605>3.0.co;2-5.

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Kitamura, Kaoru, Richiko Beppu, Hideaki Anai, Koji Ikejiri, Shigeru Yakabe, Motonori Saku, and Keizo Sugimachi. "Clinicopathologic study of patients with Borrmann type iv gastric carcinoma." Journal of Surgical Oncology 58, no. 2 (February 1995): 112–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jso.2930580208.

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