Academic literature on the topic 'Bosnian'

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Journal articles on the topic "Bosnian"

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Muhić, Ferid. "Bosniaks and Bosnia: A Study in Philosophy of Politics." Illuminatio 1, no. 2 (March 26, 2021): 88–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.52510/sia.v1i2.12.

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In the first part of this study, published in the first issue of the magazine Illuminatio/Svjetionik/Almanar, the author briefly outlined the basic elements of the philosophy of politics characteristic of the history of modern nations in which he analysed the relations of the individual, the people, the nation and the state. The second part of this study focuses on the attitude of Bosniaks towards collective memory, which, according to the author, was brought to the threshold of amnesia under the influence of the long-term political strategy of their neighbours. The author believes that the shaken collective memory represents the most neuralgic problem and the greatest danger for the historical reintegration and homogenization of Bosniaks as an ethnicity and a nation. The author emphasizes that “Bosnian” is a territorial determinant and completely excludes the national determinant “Bosniak”. Flirting with the phrase “Bosniaks/Bosnians”, which is often used, is not only a denouncement of the ethnic and national affiliation of Bosniaks, but further denies their uniqueness – and thus calls into question the very existence of Bosniaks. A Bosniak is born, a Bosniak remains. A "Bosnian" becomes, a "Bosnian" cease to be. A Bosniak living in Bosnia is also a "Bosnian". A "Bosnian" who is not a Bosniak does not become a Bosniak anywhere, not even in Bosnia. A Bosniak who does not live in Bosnia remains a Bosniak, but ceases to be a "Bosnian". The goal of substituting the historical name Bosniaks with the territorial designation "Bosnians" is obvious: Break the homogeneous core of Bosniaks by erasing awareness of their ethnic identity, name, national unity, common history, culture, language, in short – a common past, present and future. The study also recalls the difference between the modern understanding of the nation and the way in which this social phenomenon was interpreted until the middle of the 20th century. Behind the separation of the nation from the ethnicity/people, as the supposedly superior form, lies the effort to relativize the ethnicity/people, as an objective fact, to weaken the mutual ties of its members and to bring the entire population under the control of central political power – as a seemingly integrated and homogeneous whole.
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Filandra, Šaćir, and Semir Halilović. "Politički kontekst denominacije bosanskih Muslimana u Bošnjake / The Political Context of the Denomination of Bosnian Muslims into Bosniaks." Pregled: časopis za društvena pitanja / Periodical for social issues 65, no. 1 (June 14, 2024): 01–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.48052/19865244.2024.1.1.

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The session of the "All-Bosniac Assembly", in September 1993, belongs to the series of historical events with a double interpretation form. Except as a culminating act of national self-awareness, this event is also titled as Bosniak sympathy in the negotiation process, which really changes the historical face of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Unknown facts are that the assembly process started with the idea of a "All-Bosnian Assembly", within the Assembly of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and abruptly ended in a one-party, and with it, single-national form. Documents and original testimonies show that the change in the name, organizer and topic of the Bosnian assembly was caused by the abrupt negotiation agreements on the tripartite Bosnia and Herzegovina, agreed at the beginning of September 1993. The planned assembly, on the position and future of the war-torn ZAVNOBiH state, came down to a Bosniak plenum on their own future in the new Bosnia and Herzegovina. The main topic of the "All-Bosniac Assembly" was related to the state-territorial reorganization of Bosnia and Herzegovina, whereby the denomination of Bosnian Muslims into Bosniaks appeared as a negotiation precondition. The organizers of the "All-Bosniac Assembly" raise the question of the benefits and harms of "further emphasizing Bosniakness", while one of the key actors of this session claims that by insisting on Bosnian Muslimness "we are causing suspicion in Europe". According to this context, Bosniakness, as a historical category of Bosnian nationality, appears at the "All-Bosniac Assembly" as a political tool in the service of the negotiation process. The national emancipation of Bosnian Muslims into Bosniaks is revealed as a consequence of international negotiation pressure, on the one hand, or as a result of the reduction of state politics to ethnic politics, on the other.
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Đouić, Adib. "Haji Husein eff. Đozić Ruhi judge from Srebrenica and Nikšić viceroy." Historijski pogledi 2, no. 2 (October 28, 2019): 7–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.52259/historijskipogledi.2019.2.2.7.

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There are many forgotten significant persons in Bosnian-Bosniak history, who through their knowledge and work made a significant contribution to the development of Bosnian society and the Bosniak national identity in the time and place they lived in. The most forgotten significant Bosniaks are those who lived and worked during the reign of the Ottoman state of Bosnia. One of such persons is Hadji Husein eff. Đozić Ruhi, kadi (judge) from Srebrenica and Nikšić naib (viceroy). He lived in Srebrenica in the 19th century. Educated in Istanbul, he worked for as a judge in three towns and two empires. In this paper, we are talking about Haji Husein eff. Đozić, his life and work, and the significance of the documents preserved, to understand Bosnian society and the position of Bosnians in the second half of the 19th century in Srebrenica and Nikšić.
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Muhić, Ferid. "Bosniaks and Bosnia: A Study in the Philosophy of Politics (1)." Illuminatio 1, no. 1 (June 1, 2020): 102–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.52510/sia.v1i1.5.

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In this article, the author suggestively points to the importance of understanding the concept of nation and the state in the context of the European philosophical thought and practice regarding the nation and the state. Although the occasion is about the Bosniak/Bosnian nation and the Bosnian state, the author’s reflections are applicable to all groups similar to the Bosniak/Bosnain nation, as well as to all the states similar to the Bosnian state. The basic premise of this article is that the idea of a universal nationality, culture and civilisation does not oppose or negate the particular feeling or the subjective experience of either the nationality or the state. The membership of European Union does not detract the right for any nation in Europe of the right to cultivate and develop its national culture as well as its particular state consciousness. In fact, in the extent of which every nation and every state in Europe has an active awareness of its national and cultural specific value, gives Europe, indeed – the European Union strong and important role in the global community. Hence, the Bosniaks/Bosnians, both as a nation and a state (nation) have no need to withdraw, but rather have the historical opportunity to feature their specific Bosnian culture and Bosnian state as a richness worthy of appreciation, not only in Europe, but also in the world.
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Janíčko, Michal. "Misunderstanding the Other and Shy Signs of Openness: Discourse on the 1992-1995 War in the Current Bosniak and Bosnian Serb Media." Středoevropské politické studie Central European Political Studies Review 17, no. 1 (April 1, 2015): 28–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cepsr.2015.1.28.

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The article deals with how the 1990s civil war in Bosnia and Herzegovina was represented in the media that currently remain influential among Bosniaks and Bosnian Serbs. Critical discourse analysis is used both as a theoretical approach to discourse and as a methodological tool for its study. In the analysis, the civil war discourse in Bosniak and Bosnian Serb media is represented by two daily newspapers on each side. The analysis reveals mutually incompatible representations of the causes and nature of the war, the prevailing absence of dialogue, and the unwillingness of each side to consider the other side’s war victims. Looking at more specific topics, a number of discourses are identified on both sides, among which some present the potential for dialogue with alternative representations. The discourses are interpreted through Bosniak and Bosnian Serb nationalist ideologies. The findings might support further research on the relation between the media and nationalism and on the ongoing Bosnian political dispute concerning the desired nature of the state.
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Beglerović, Samir, and Mark Sedgwick. "Islam in Bosnia Between East and West: The Reception and Development of Traditionalism." Journal of Religion in Europe 13, no. 1-2 (December 9, 2020): 145–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18748929-20201498.

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Abstract The article looks at the reception and development of Guénonian Traditionalism in Bosnia from the 1970s to the present day. Traditionalism was initially received in Yugoslavia as esotericism, but then its reception became more Islamic, based in Sarajevo’s Islamic Theology Faculty. After the Bosnian War, Islamic Traditionalist works became popular among young Bosnians who wanted to combine Islam with European identities. Some Bosnian ulama taught Traditionalist works to their students, a development unparalleled elsewhere, and wrote their own Traditionalist-influenced works, mostly dealing with interreligious dialogue. The Bosnian reception and development of Traditionalism is unique, and it is argued that this reflects Bosnia’s special position between East and West.
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Rebihić, Nehrudin. "Bošnjačka književnost u obzorima Vladimira Jurčića: Rekonstrukcija neobjavljene knjige Muslimani u hrvatskoj književnosti." Historijski pogledi 5, no. 8 (November 15, 2022): 317–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.52259/historijskipogledi.2022.5.8.317.

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The study of Bosniak literature in the period of the Independent State of Croatia has been marginalized in previous literary-historical studies, and the reasons for this were ideological and political in nature, and not scientific. This work deals with the status of Bosniak literature in the literary-critical horizons of Vladimir Jurčić, the bellwether of the Ustasha national ideology in Bosnia and Sarajevo, in the period from 1941st to 1945th. As a professor, editor of daily and periodical publications, he wrote about Bosniak literature and its canonical writers in the light of the ideological and political worldviews. He propagated theses about socio-political function of literature that extends „people's spirit”, „racial-biological” and „national” features. Jurčić attributed to literature a mediating role in transmitting the deep identity of the Croatian people, and developing a thesis on the Croatian national identity of Bosnian Muslims (Bosniaks) he treated Bosniak writers as the most representative reflectors of Croatian national consciousness in Bosnia. In addition to individual studies on Bosniak writers, Jurčić stated that they were separate units of the unpublished book Muslims in Croatian Literature. Jurčić's literary critical habitus is a product of socio-political and intellectual circumstances in Croatia - in the narrower sense and in the SHS - in the broader sense, which were used as a starting point for the production of certain ideological, political and cultural values in the NDH. As a follower of the ideological platform of Radić's HSS (peasant movement) and its reflections on discursive practices, especially in the social - humanities sciences (Dvorniković, Radić, Tomašić, Lukas), he interpreted literature in accordance with these practices, reducing its meaning only to ruling ideologues. He valorized Bosniak literature as a component of Croatian literature, applying several criteria: collective, linguistic, territorial and religious, which he sought to include the widest possible range of identity features and thus support the thesis of Croatianness Bosnian Muslims (Bosniaks). In literary criticism, he promoted theses on racial, ethical and eugenic superiority, then on the national spirit, linguistic and stylistic specifics of Bosnian Muslims (Bosniaks) as an „organic“ part of the Croatian people. He emphasized the „poljodjelski“ character of Bosniak writers between the two world wars, while in older literature, especially in the oral literary tradition- and all that for need of ideological manipulation in the time of the Independent State of Croatia - war, he emphasized the highland (tribal) character that manifested itself in the epic-agonal consciousness. All these theses arose from the idea of unity and continuity of the „organic nation“, but did not find a stronghold in Bosnia because it was cultural and historical terms different from the native Croatian space, which was in principle a fundamental obstacle to its realization. Aware of the insurmountability of the cultural, literary and historical uniqueness of Bosnia, Jurčić constructed and established the literary-historical construct „literary Bosnia“ which was based on the theory of the history of regional / provincial literature. By „literary Bosnia“ he meant everything that was its „provincial features“: folk history, genealogy, specific speech (dialect - ikavica), lifestyle (Muslims), and the canonical line consisted of Bosniak writers from Safvet-bega Bašagić, Musa Ćazim Ćatić, Edhem Mulabdić, Ahmed Muradbegović, to Alija Nametk, Enver Čolaković, Murat Šuvalić etc.Since in this period the pretensions towards Bosnia and Bosnian Muslims (Bosniaks) were also part of the Serbian national ideology, Jurčić's „literary Bosnia“ can be understood as a counterbalance to the then established Kršić's literary-historical construct „narrative Bosnia“. Unlike Kršić's „narrative Bosnia“, whose canonical line was mostly made up of Bosnian Serb writers (Ćorović, Kočić, Andrić, Ćopić, etc.), Jurčić's „literary Bosnia“ was made up of Bosniak writers as „the purest element of the Croatian people“.
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Hasanović, Bilal. "Austro-Hungarian ocupation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and new socially political, cultural and religioeducational state of affairs." Zbornik radova Islamskog pedagoškog fakulteta u Zenici (Online), no. 5 (December 15, 2007): 127–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.51728/issn.2637-1480.2007.127.

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After the occupation of Bosnia and Herzegovina by Austro-Hungarian Monarchy (1878), Muslims in B&H undergo great social, political and cultural changes. Numerous cultural, political and economic relations between Bosniacs and far away centers of Islamic, political and cultural life of the Islamic world were almost broken. Bosnian Muslims were forced to choose between the tradition of western civilization and disappearance. The road of their adaptation was very difficult and painstaking, and for many Bosnians that was the reason for moving from Bosnia, mostly to Turkey. Not any important political, cultural or religious movements marked the first two decades after the occupation. First movements important for Bosnian cultural and political scene started at the end of IX and the beginning of XX century. This period was characterized by Bosnian demands for religioeducational and vakuf- me’arif authonomy, and by many other culturally-educational, economic and humanitarian projects that stirred the consciousness of Bosnian Muslims about the necessity of cultural and national emancipation. On an educational level Austro-Hungarian administration in Bosnia and Herzegovina attempts to introduce common (for all the three confessions) primary education, but it encounters the resistance of both the Catholic Church and the conservative Bosnian Muslims. They were vigorously against all innovations that come from the West, and the resistance to educating Muslim females was especially strong. The basic Muslim education – mektebs, three decades after the occupation, gives some positive results although only 2% of Muslim children attended state-run schools. This was the subject of vehement critique of the state educational politics by some Bosnian members at the Bosnian Parliament.
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Ništović, Hazema. "The attitude of ‘Bosniaks’ towards oriental linguistic tradition." Zbornik radova Islamskog pedagoškog fakulteta u Zenici (Online), no. 2 (December 15, 2004): 189–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.51728/issn.2637-1480.2004.189.

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In one historical period the Bosniaks linked their literacy to oriental languages, especially Arabic, which they didn’t experience as something that was imposed upon them, but embraced it as the language of Islam and endeavoured to learn Arabic along with the native Bosnian language. Under conditions of strong oriental tradition, the Bosnian language gained special importance, for with it the Bosniaks were confirming their Slavic affiliation. In such a way, a ‘Bosniaks’ had assumed a particular attitude towards oriental tradition and within the framework of this tradition a special place was occupied by translation of religious books into Bosnian. In this way, the Bosniaks were creating a stronger bond with their ethnic-linguistic roots. Many Bosniaks who had received their traditional education in great Islamic centres, acquainted themselves with the rich cultural Islamic world, so that they had a difficult time accepting the fact that the Bosnian language should be given precedence with respect to oriental languages. The ‘Bosniak’ criticises their ineptness and their inclination towards distancing themselves from their own destiny. This ignorance of oneself and one’s own historical being is presented within the ‘Bosniak’ as a destiny of a people. Despite different kinds of pressure from the Austro-Hungarian administration, this period of Bosniak history is marked by stronger attachment of the Bosniaks towards their Bosnian cultural tradition.
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Ziya Sümbüllü, Yusuf, and Melinda Botalić. "BOSNIAK CULTURAL HERITAGE: CULTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF TRADITIONAL KNOCKERS AND GATES." Journal Human Research in Rehabilitation 1, no. 2 (December 2011): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21554/hrr.121114.

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Culture, molding the attitude of one, creates social order and ensures social identity of the belonging community. When it comes to Bosnian, ore more precisely Bosniak culture, it is of high importance to discuss traditional gates, which represent one of the most significant creations that vividly paint the culture of Bosniaks - of of three constitutive nations or ethnic groups of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bosnian"

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Haveric, Dzavid, and mikewood@deakin edu au. "Islamisation of Bosnia: Early Islamic influence on Bosnian society." Deakin University. School of Social and International Studies, 2004. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20051123.133900.

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This Masters thesis examines the process of the Islamisation of Bosnia from the eighth century to the end of the fifteenth century. This era of early Islamic influence has not previously been systematically studied, and remains an area little understood by many medievalists. The major foci of the analysis are the pre-Ottoman era and early Ottoman periods. This thesis raises the following research questions: When and how did the first Islamisation of the Balkan Slavs (including Bosnians) occur? How did Islam influence Bosnian society and culture, and where were the Bosnian Muslim settlements established? This thesis includes a detailed historical investigation that makes use of a range of bibliographic materials. These consist of fragmentary works, archival and administrative documents and other relevant factography collected from a research field trip to Bosnia between June 27 and July 24, 2003. The main findings reveal the complexity of this culturo-religious process in terms of both the early Islamic influence and contemporary cultural diversity. While different theoretical approaches to cultural representation and social space assist in exploring the hybrid nature of Bosniak identity, the primary and secondary data analyses highlight the significance of the phenomenon of the early Islamisation of Bosnia
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Hagman, Hans-Christian. "UN-NATO operational co-operation in peacekeeping 1992-1995." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.300811.

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Bellou, Fotini. "American leadership image and the Yugoslav crisis (1991-1997)." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.326144.

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Krijestorac, Mirsad. "Nationalism as a Process for Making the Desired Identity Salient: Bosnian Muslims Become Bosniaks." FIU Digital Commons, 2016. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3004.

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This study is concerned with the particular relationship between the process of nationalism and a group’s salient identity. It proposes that nationalism as the independent variable serves as a principal factor and facilitator for a change of identity, which is seen as the dependent variable. The Bosnian Muslim emergence as an independent nation with the new salient Bosniak identity was used as a case study to test the main proposition. The inquiry was completed through a mixed research method, using grounded theory and the historic process tracing technique, a large survey analysis collected specifically for this study, and a logistic regression as a concluding test. The historic process tracing method describes the Bosnian Muslim group’s development from a distinct Balkan Ottoman religious millet group, through a stage of its own ethno-religious cultural crystallization, another stage of nationality during the Communist era, to an independent nation that now shares the country of Bosnia-Herzegovina with two other nations. Through their struggle to survive and re-assert themselves as an important local political entity, Bosniaks built their nationalism upon three important themes: B-H integrity, Bosnian Islam, and the Bosnian language. A 68-question survey regarding these three themes designed specifically for this study was conducted, and 670 survey responses were collected from the Bosnian Muslim diaspora population living throughout the Midwestern and Eastern U.S. in their Appadurai-type neighborhoods. The data collected from those surveys were manipulated in preparation for a final analysis. The two nationalism indexes measuring intensity and type, and six categories of Bosniak identity, were constructed to observe interactions between nationalism and identity. As the final step, a statistical analysis with multinomial logistic regression confirmed the proposition and showed that the factor which stimulates selection of a new desired salient identity is intensity of nationalism, not type of nationalism . This work contributes to the ongoing discussion on the true role of nationalism as a collective action. At the same time, it provides the field of comparative politics with a comprehensive description of the emergence of Bosnian Muslims as a nation, and with details of their nationalism project and their now salient Bosniak identity.
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Cary, Nathan Jess. "Bosnian Immigrants: An Analysis of the Bosnian Community's Influence on the Cultural Landscape of Bowling Green, KY." TopSCHOLAR®, 2013. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1235.

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Diasporas have been occurring for thousands of years, and today globalization has facilitated the quick rate at which diasporas occur on a global scale. Diasporas entail the mass movement of refugees across international borders, and diasporic peoples today now find themselves journeying across oceans and continents to the safety of host cities in a matter of weeks or days. My research analyzes the effects that Bosnian immigrants have had on the cultural landscape of Bowling Green, Kentucky. When people move, they bring their cultures with them, and this type of cultural diffusion impacts the landscape of the host cities. As geographic research on diasporas is limited, this study aims to fill the gap that exists. Bowling Green, Kentucky, was selected for this analysis due to its large refugee population. Some of Bowling Green’s refugee population is comprised of immigrants from Iraq, Burma, Cambodia, and Sudan. Bosnians comprise the largest population of refugees in the city. In addition to examining immigrant policies and theories, the impacts of the Bosnian diaspora on Bowling Green’s cultural landscape will also be identified. Understanding how those cultures modify landscapes is an important part of diasporic research. The data used for this study were acquired through surveys, census details, telephone directories, interviews, and the extant literature. The hypothesis of this study is that Bosnian immigrants have a stronger visual impact on Bowling Green’s cultural landscape than other immigrant ethnic groups due to their large representation in the city.
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Keskin, Recep. "The dispute between Bosnian Muslims and Serbs." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2003. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2315.

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In 1918, Serbs, Croats and Slovenes established a kingdom called "Yugoslavia." Serbs were considering this state as the state of Serbs. Bosnia Hercegovina's community or political powers did not help the establishment of Yugoslavia. The official ideology considered Muslims as the heir of the Ottoman occupiers in the Balkans. In the first Yugoslavia, Bosnian Muslims were under pressure and they were attacked by Serbs who had the official support of the administration. In time those attacks turned into ethnic cleansing. Bosnian Muslims were pushed out of the government bureaucracy and their lands.
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Mujagić, Adnan. "The enterprise recovery process in Bosnian transitional conditions." Thesis, University of Buckingham, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.483659.

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Hayes, Nicola. "Bosnian women's experience of war, loss and resettlement." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/31212.

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Section one: literature review The literature on the mental health difficulties and obstacles faced by refugees, and the challenges to services in meeting their needs is reviewed. The review highlights issues specific to refugee women and focuses on research on Bosnian refugees and loss, highlighting that research that reduces refugees experiences to pathology abstracts from their lived realities and concerns. Alternative approaches that account for women refugee's voices on their experiences of war, loss and resettlement and implications for services are required.;Section two: research report The study explored Bosnian Muslim women refugee's experiences of war, loss and resettlement in the UK. The obstacles refugee women face are often overlooked in research and consequently their needs are often not incorporated into service and policy planning. The context of the war in Bosnia and UK resettlement experiences of Bosnian refugees are presented as a backdrop to the study. Eight interviews were conducted with four women. The research employed grounded theory methods. A conceptual model was constructed comprising a core category and a model of the processes of war and resettlement. Interconnectedness was identified as the core category encompassing interconnections within the family and between family and their social community. The social destruction of war and restoring and adapting life in a new country results in the fragmentation of these systems. Restoring and adapting life is characterised by living a different kind of life and adapting roles to meet changing family needs. Keeping in touch with Bosnia and opportunities in the UK moderate the difficulties associated with their new life. Participants identified enduring effects of war on relationships that were salient to them currently. The study generates implications for clinicians working with Bosnian women refugees. Further research would benefit from exploring the experience of a more diverse sample using participatory research methodologies.;Section three: critical appraisal The critical appraisal reflects on the course of the research based on the author's research diary. What was learned through the research process is considered in relation to future research and research with refugee populations.
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Berg, H. (Henri). "Itsetietoinen suurvalta:Iso-Britannian suhtautuminen Bosnian kriisiin 1908–1909." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2013. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201304051150.

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Pro gradu -tutkielmani tarkastelee Iso-Britannian suhtautumista Bosnian kriisiksi kutsuttuun tapahtumasarjaan, joka käynnistyi kun Itävalta-Unkari liitti ennen Turkille kuuluneet Bosnian ja Hertsegovinan maakunnat alueisiinsa vuonna 1908. Kriisi päättyi seuraavana vuonna Serbian tunnustettua viimeisenä valtiona maakuntien liittämisen kaksoismonarkiaan. Iso-Britannian suhtautumisen kautta pyrin erittelemään Iso-Britannian ulkopolitiikan pyrkimyksiä kriisin aikana ja yleisemmin. Arvioin kuinka Iso-Britannian ulkoministeriö onnistui asettamiensa tavoitteiden toteuttamisessa. Tarkastelen kuinka Iso-Britannian yleinen poliittinen linja vaikutti suhtautumiseen Bosnian kriisiin, ja kuinka Bosnian kriisi vaikutti Iso-Britannian yleiseen ulkopoliittiseen linjaan. Iso-Britannia ei pitänyt Itävalta-Unkarin ilmoituksesta liittää Bosnia ja Hertsegovina alueisiinsa. Itävalta-Unkarin katsottiin rikkoneen kansainvälisiä sopimuksia. Iso-Britannian ulkoministeriö pelkäsi seurauksena olevan voimatasapainon järkkyminen, levottomuudet Balkanilla ja Turkin jakaminen. Turkin uusi nuorturkkilainen hallinto oli Iso-Britannian mielestä parlamentaarinen, perustuslaillinen ja liberaali, eikä ulkoministeriö halunnut Iso-Britannialle ystävällismielisen hallinnon kaatuvan. Iso-Britannia mielsi itsensä parlamentarismin mallimaaksi ja halusi nähdä samalla tavalla hallittuja valtioita kaikkialla maailmassa. Venäjän ehdotusta Bosporinsalmen aukaisemisesta Mustanmeren valtioille ei Iso-Britannia voinut hyväksyä. Välimeren kautta kulkivat Iso-Britannialle tärkeät kauppareitit, eikä Venäjän Mustanmeren laivastoa haluttu päästää niitä uhkaamaan. Venäjän kanssa solmittu entente cordiale ei ollut poistanut sodan mahdollisuutta. Iso-Britannia kieltäytyi Venäjän ehdotuksesta, mutta onnistui säilyttämään hyvät suhteet kumppaniinsa. Balkanin slaavivaltiot pelkäsivät Itävalta-Unkarin etenemistä ja hakivat turvaa neuvottelemalla liitosta Turkin kanssa. Iso-Britannia suhtautui näihin neuvotteluihin kielteisesti, koska pelkäsi liiton aiheuttavan Balkanin laajuisen sodan. Iso-Britannia myötävaikutti Turkin ja Itävalta-Unkarin välisen sopimuksen syntymiseen, joka edisti kriisin rauhanomaista ratkaisua. Iso-Britannian toimet kriisin aikana herättivät myös vastustusta. Saksalaiset ja itävaltalaiset lehdet hyökkäsivät Iso-Britannian ulkopolitiikkaa vastaan syyttäen sitä maidensa ongelmista. Iso-Britannia vastasi kritiikkiin pitäen sitä aiheettomana ja loukkaavana. Omaa lehdistöään Iso-Britannia piti vapaana maailman omatuntona. Hyökkäys Iso-Britannian ulkopolitiikkaa vastaan laantui Itävalta-Unkarin allekirjoitettua sopimuksen Turkin kanssa maakuntien hallinnan siirtymisen korvaamisesta rahallisesti. Saksa sai nootillaan Venäjän taipumaan ja hyväksymään Bosnian ja Hertsegovinan liittämisen Itävalta-Unkariin. Iso-Britannian rooli oli rauhanomaisen ratkaisun kannalta tärkeä, koska se sovitteli Itävalta-Unkarin ja Serbian välille rauhanomaisen sopimuksen, jonka ansiosta sota vältettiin. Jos Iso-Britannia ei olisi asettunut kriisissä Saksan ja Itävalta-Unkarin sanelupolitiikkaa vastaan, olisivat nämä saattaneet miehittää Serbian. Kriisin seurauksena Iso-Britannian ulkopolitiikan suuntaa arvosteltiin, mutta lopulta se säilyi samana. Entente cordialet Ranskan ja Venäjän suuntaan pysyivät voimassa. Suhteet Venäjään jopa paranivat, vaikka Venäjä nähtiin taantumuksellisena. Iso-Britannia pyrki myös parantamaan suhteitaan Itävalta-Unkariin. Iso-Britannian ja Saksan välejä kriisi kiristi. Saksa nähtiin Iso-Britannian ulkoministeriössä Euroopan ainoana aggressiivisena suurvaltana ja uhkana voimatasapainolle.
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Basic, Elvedina. "Integration of Bosnian Immigrant Women in the US." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/31544.

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The number of immigrants from different countries has increased in the United States in the past few years. Fargo/ Moorhead area was enriched with individuals and families from various post-war and undeveloped countries. Immigrants face challenges that are far more significant than adjusting to a new lifestyle, a new way of dressing, or a new climate. This paper will discuss the immigration process of the Bosnian women and how the resettlement affected their acculturation process, with a focus on their integration process into the new host community. Although the Bosnian population is a small and slowly growing population, it is becoming a significant part of US society. This paper should give more insight into understanding the assimilation and acculturation process of Bosnian women. Online oral histories of brave Bosnian women I have used, emphasize the importance of doing more research about immigrant integration in the new environment.
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Books on the topic "Bosnian"

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Uzicanin, Nikolina S. Bosnian-English, English-Bosnian dictionary. New York: Hippocrene Books, 1996.

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Uzicanin, Nikolina. Bosnian-English, English-Bosnian dictionary. New York: Hippocrene Books, 1995.

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Jeleč, Mirko. Preživjele riječi: Stvaralaštvo Dobojlija i dobojske dijaspore. Tuzla: Bosanska riječ, 2018.

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Marić, Mišo Milenko. Svjetionici: Antologija i monografijaumjetnsika Bosne i Hercegovine u dijaspori. Sarajevo: Art Rabic, 2016.

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Hadžiosmanović, Lamija. Bosnian cook. Sarajevo: Sejtarija, 2007.

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Hadžiosmanović, Lamija. Bosnian cook. Sarajevo: Sejtarija, 2007.

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Andrić, Ivo. Bosnian chronicle. New York: Arcade, 1993.

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Europe, United States Congress Commission on Security and Cooperation in. Bosnian elections: Representatives of Bosnian political parties. Washington, DC: CSCE, 1996.

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Kroll, Susan. Bosnian-English/English-Bosnian dictionary and phrasebook. New York: Hippocrene Books, 1998.

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Dževad, Zahirović, and Zahirović Zumreta, eds. Bosnian-English, English-Bosnian dictionary and phrasebook. New York: Hippocrene Books, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Bosnian"

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Ćušić, Tarik. "Language Report Bosnian." In European Language Equality, 99–102. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-28819-7_6.

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AbstractIt is objective to state that there are no language technologies for the Bosnian language or initiatives for the digitalisation of the Bosnian language. Therefore, it is necessary to take initial steps towards technological support for the Bosnian language, in order to prevent its digital extinction. In Bosnia and Herzegovina, no programmes aimed at the research and development of language technology products have been initiated. The Bosnian language is present in the digital sphere more or less as much as it is included in foreign, multilingual tools and resources, which are mostly related to Machine Translation (Google Translate and others).
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Halilovic-Pastuovic, Maja. "Bosnian Post-Refuge Transnationalism and Bosnia." In Bosnian Post-Refugee Transnationalism, 75–110. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39564-3_4.

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Amzi-Erdogdular, Leyla. "Ottoman Bosnia and the Bosnian Muslims." In The Routledge Handbook of Balkan and Southeast European History, 42–50. First edition. | New York: Routledge, 2021.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429464799-7.

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Mujanović, Jasmin. "Bosnian Genocide." In The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Peace and Conflict Studies, 90–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77954-2_211.

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Mujanović, Jasmin. "Bosnian Genocide." In The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Peace and Conflict Studies, 1–8. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11795-5_211-1.

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Mujanović, Jasmin. "Bosnian Genocide." In The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Peace and Conflict Studies, 1–8. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11795-5_211-2.

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Mujanovic, Jasmin. "The Bosniaks as Indigenous Bosnians." In The Bosniaks, 17–72. Oxford University Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197775370.003.0002.

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Abstract This chapter focuses on defining the Bosniaks as a national group rather than a religious community, and centers the idea of their ties to the “historic Bosnian lands” as the lynchpin of their claim to indigeneity to this polity. While not rejecting the broadly Muslim and/or Islamic character of large majorities of the Bosniak community, this chapter argues that it is the relationship with Bosnia and Herzegovina that is the defining characteristic of Bosniak national identity; that the Bosniaks are Bosnians first, and Muslims second.
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Mujanovic, Jasmin. "Bosnia and Herzegovina, Whole and Free." In The Bosniaks, 163–224. Oxford University Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197775370.003.0005.

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Abstract This chapter examines the major pillars of Bosniak national politics since the conclusion of the Bosnian War and Bosnian Genocide. It argues that contrary to claims in previous generations of (Western) analyses, there has been no major Islamist turn in Bosniak politics, and that instead the Bosniak electorate is defined by its moderate, nationally-conscious priorities, and above all their concern with the preservation of Bosnia and Herzegovina’s sovereignty and territorial integrity.
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Miller-Melamed, Paul. "Vying Visions." In Misfire, 75—C3.F5. Oxford University PressNew York, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195331042.003.0004.

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Abstract This chapter is framed by the 1908 Bosnian Crisis, when Austria-Hungary annexed Bosnia-Herzegovina with huge consequences for European alliances, Russian rearmament, Serbian nationalism, and Bosnian student radicalism. It examines Serbian politics/society, including the medieval origins of Greater Serb nationalism and the Kosovo myth. Serbian independence put the nation-state in conflict with Austria-Hungary over the latter’s large south Slavic population. It also helped foster the literary Young Bosnia movement, which protested the oppressive conditions under Habsburg rule despite Austria-Hungary’s economic development of the provinces and Benjamin von Kállay’s effort to create a “Bosnian” national identity. Ideologically, many Young Bosnians embraced Yugoslavism—a south Slavic state independent of Habsburg rule. Habsburg leaders, including Franz Ferdinand through his Military Chancellery, also considered national reorganization to address the South Slavic Question. Indeed, the Bosnian annexation partially strove to convert the Dual Monarchy into a three-part “Trialist” state. Its failure boded ill for Austro-Serb relations.
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Mujanovic, Jasmin. "The Politics of the Bosnian Genocide." In The Bosniaks, 117–62. Oxford University Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197775370.003.0004.

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Abstract This chapter examines the political origins of the Bosnian Genocide, arguing that there is an overwhelming degree of evidence that the ideological and practical preparations for the extermination of the Bosniak people between 1992 and 1995 by Serbian proxy forces in Bosnia and Herzegovina originated as early as the mid-1980s in the senior levels of the Belgrade political and military establishments. It also examines the shared attempt to partition Bosnia and Herzegovina between then political leadership in Croatia and Serbia, and their respective proxy forces in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
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Conference papers on the topic "Bosnian"

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Hoare, Marko Atilla. "THE GREAT SERBIAN THREAT, ZAVNOBIH AND MUSLIM BOSNIAK ENTRY INTO THE PEOPLE’S LIBERATION MOVEMENT." In Međunarodna naučna konferencija-75. GODIŠNJICA PRVOG ZASJEDANJA ZAVNOBIH-a: POVIJESNA UTEMELJENOST OBNOVLJENE DRŽAVNOSTI BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE U 20. I 21. STOLJEĆU. Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5644/pi2019.179.05.

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From the start of the uprising in summer 1941, the Communist Party of Yugoslavia conceived of the People’s Liberation Struggle in BosniaHerzegovina as a specifically Bosnian-Herzegovinian liberation struggle, waged under Bosnian-patriotic slogans. Nevertheless, the status of BosniaHerzegovina within the future Yugoslav state was not definitely resolved until November 1943. This period – autumn 1943 – witnessed the mass influx of Muslim Bosniaks into the People’s Liberation Movement, definitely transforming it from a movement that was overwhelmingly ethnic-Serb in composition into one that had a large Muslim Bosniak component as well. A decisive catalyst for the mass entry of Muslim Bosniaks in East Bosnia into the NOP was the fear among them that Hitler would cede East Bosnia to Nedić’s Serbia, thereby establishing a Great Serbia in which the Muslim Bosniaks would be subjected to genocide. The KPJ, by championing BosnianHerzegovinian self-determination, was able to win over a large part of the Muslim Bosniak population that feared the Great Serbian threat. This paper will look at the relationship between the Great Serbian threat and the influx of Muslim Bosniaks into the NOP during 1943.
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Hladký, Ladislav. "Czech Historiography on Bosnia and Herzegovina (2000–2018)." In Međunaordna naučno-kulturološka konferencija “Istoriografija o BiH (2001–2017 )”. Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5644/pi2020.186.08.

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This paper provides a synopsis and characterization of the most important historiographically, politologically, and ethnologically oriented works published in the Czech Republic between 2000 and 2018 on the history and current evolution of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Czech works on the history of Bosnia and Herzegovina can be divided into two main groups. The first group includes monographs by historians who were familiar with the reality of Bosnian multiethnicity in the period before the breakup of Yugoslavia and in that context, therefore, continue in their books to support the idea of preserving Bosnia within its existing borders and in the form of a multinational state. The second group comprises books by Czech authors who primarily focus on analysing political events in the contemporary, socalled post-Dayton Bosnia, of which they are highly critical and as a result also highly skeptical when it comes to the prospect of continued coexistence between the nations of Bosnia. During the period in question, several works were published in the Czech Republic dedicated to the history of Czech-Bosnian relations and the synthetical treatment of the history of the Czech national minority living in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
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Hoare, Marko Atilla. "The historiography of the Bosnian genocide of 1992–1995 in the work of foreign scholars." In Međunaordna naučno-kulturološka konferencija “Istoriografija o BiH (2001–2017 )”. Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5644/pi2020.186.14.

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This essay will provide an introductory discussion of the historiography of the Bosnian genocide of 1992–1995 in the works of foreign scholars. The historiography is too large for this discussion to be exhaustive. We have attempted here to provide the principal categories of relevant works while citing the most important examples of them, before discussing the historiographical deficiencies and the tasks awaiting future scholars of the genocide. The reason for the dearth of monographs on the Bosnian genocide is that the subject is highly controversial, and any scholar who seriously studies it and expresses an opinion is likely to create enemies for themselves. There is a tendency of scholars to see the war in postmodernist terms, in terms of Serb, Croat and Bosniak “narratives”; as opposed to objective truth, which discourages taking the subject intellectually seriously. Furthermore, the prevailing ideology and discourse stemming from the international administration is one of reconciliation and putting the past behind us. So there is a disincentive to study the genocide in depth; a preference for studying more liberal feel-good themes related to reconciliation, memory, transitional justice and post-war reconstruction. The Bosnian genocide therefore awaits a new generation of foreign scholars to take it seriously as a subject and explore it in detail.
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HANDANOVIC, DIJANA, ALLAN PEREZ, and SARA ROMERO. "Inventive Resilience." In 111th ACSA Annual Meeting Proceedings. ACSA Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.111.14.

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As the capital of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Sarajevo for a long time was known for the 1914 assassination of the Austrian Archduke Francis Ferdinand, the final event precipitating World War I. After hosting the 1984 Winter Olympics, Sarajevo was perceived around the world as a place of peaceful gathering, but in April 1992, following the proclamation of Bosnia and Herzegovina’s independence from the Yugoslavian Federation, the Bosnian War started and again shifted the world’s perception of Bosnia and Herzegovina to one as a place of violence. After the recognition of dissolution, Bosnian Serb forces besieged the city of Sarajevo and for four years the city was subjected to bombings and gunfire. Sarajevo lies in a valley of the Miljacka River and is surrounded by mountains on all sides. Due to the geography of the region, artillery and snipers staged from the mountains had clear vantage points across the entire city. The Siege of Sarajevo, which lasted 1,425 days and resulted in 11,541 fatalities, including 1,600 children, became renowned as the most prolonged military siege in contemporary history. Sarajevo’s architecture and urban spaces suffered catastrophic damage, prompting civilian life to go underground where day to day life was constricted to only the absolute essentials. The constant bombings of the city not only transformed existing buildings, streets, and neighborhoods, but also forced civilians to reinvent their main dwellings. This was documented in 1994 by architect Zoran Doršner in his drawings “Destructive Metamorphosis.”
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Basic, Goran. "Stories after the Bosnian War: Competition for Victimhood." In Annual International Conference on Forensic Sciences & Criminalistics Research. Global Science & Technology Forum (GSTF), 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5176/2382-5642_fscr13.21.

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Krasovec, Aleksandra N. "“KALEIDOSCOPIC” NOVEL OF JOSIP OSTI IN THE ASPECT OF TRANSCULTURALITY." In 50th International Philological Conference in Memory of Professor Ludmila Verbitskaya (1936–2019). St. Petersburg State University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/9785288063183.10.

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The Slovenian-Bosnian poet, writer, essayist, literary critic, translator and editor Josip Osti (1945–2021) was born in Sarajevo, lived and worked in Slovenia since 1990. Being a recognized poet in his homeland, writing in Croatian, one of the largest translators of Slovenian literature into Serbo-Croatian, since 1997 he has been writing in Slovenian. The transcultural aspects of Josip Osti’s literary works, both poetry collections and novels, are a unique phenomenon. In our study, we turned to the novels of Josip Osti, namely his trilogy — Ghosts of the House of Heinrich Böll (2016), In Front of the Mirror (2016) and Life is a Creepy Fairy Tale (2019). All three works have a strong (auto)biographical component and form a special novel form, which the author calls the “kaleidoscope-mosaic” novel. The latter has a fragmented structure and consists of short stories, life stories, anecdotes, urban legends, essayistic notes, literary-critical digressions, lyrical passages, diary entries, etc. In Osti’s novels, we also find a connection with the tradition of short prose in Bosnian-Herzegovina literature, in particular, with the works of the 1990s by such authors as M. Jergović, D. Karahasan, N. Veličković, K. Zaimović and others. Their texts are characterized by a destabilized genre form, a mosaic narrative, personal and documentary evidence, and a palimpsest narrative model. The kaleidoscopic structure of Osti’s prose texts helps him to reflect the transcultural view characteristic of his intimate and artistic world, to embrace the complex overlap of heterogeneous elements. The novels are written in Slovene, but they are mainly devoted to the space of Sarajevo, the unique multicultural atmosphere of this city, as well as the tragedy unfolding in it; thus, the writer complements the so-called “Sarajevo text”, but already in the field of Slovenian literature, artistically comprehending the interconnectedness of Bosnia and Slovenia. Refs 19.
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Čaušević, Fikret. "Financing research and development around the world, in Southeast Europe and in Bosnia and Herzegovina." In Međunardona naučna konferencija: Sistem nauke-faktor poticaja ili ograničavanja razvoja. Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5644/pi2021.200.16.

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This paper analyses the financing of research and development, starting from the global and regional contexts and moving on to the specifics of such investment in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The first section presents an analysis of the global context and of the 10 highestinvesting countries, as well as a breakdown of the sources of such financing by sector. Based on the most recent data from UNESCO, which were for 2018 at the time of writing, South Korea and Japan invested most in research and development in relative terms, while the US and China did so in absolute terms. The second section contains a comparative analysis of investment in research and development by the countries of Central and Southeast Europe. This group is led by Slovenia, followed by the Czech Republic and Hungary. The third section is dedicated to the case of Bosnia and Herzegovina and certain factors affecting the country’s very low level of spending on research and development. The fourth section presents a number of successful examples of investment by Bosnian companies in key branches of industry where the country has achieved above-average results for the Southeast European region, as well as very good export results, as measured by the Economic Complexity and the Product Complexity indices.
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Young, Brian, William Sargent, Mark A. O'Hair, and Bradley D. Purvis. "F-15E testing for Rapid Targeting System used in Bosnian operations." In AeroSense '97, edited by Raja Suresh. SPIE, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.277155.

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Çesko, Elmedina. "Investigation of Kosovar, Albanian, Bosnian and Turk Adolescents’ Attitudes Toward Violence." In University for Business and Technology International Conference. Pristina, Kosovo: University for Business and Technology, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.33107/ubt-ic.2017.327.

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Ljubešić, Nikola, and Filip Klubička. "{bs,hr,sr}WaC - Web Corpora of Bosnian, Croatian and Serbian." In Proceedings of the 9th Web as Corpus Workshop (WaC-9). Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/v1/w14-0405.

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Reports on the topic "Bosnian"

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Smith, Leighton W. NATO's IFOR in Action. Lessons from the Bosnian Peace Support Operations. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada385892.

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Viola, Cintia. Will High Representative Christian Schmidt be Able to Untie the Bosnian Knot? Külügyi és Külgazdasági Intézet, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47683/kkielemzesek.ke-2021.56.

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The nomination and eventual appointment of the new High Representative (HR) of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Christian Schmidt, explains Germany’s support, given his experience and knowledge of the region. However, the HR is facing the same challenges as his predecessors: a lack of consensus among international actors, rising nationalism, the impossibility of constitutional reforms, and an unstable internal political situation.
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Paljevic, Miro. Division of Labor within the Household: The Experience of Bosnian Immigrant Women in Portland, Oregon. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.1420.

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Dichter, Andrew S. Actions and Options in the Bosnian Conflict: A Strategic Analysis and a Strategic Approach Towards Conflict Resolution. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada280576.

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Beale, Michael O. Bombs Over Bosnia: The Role of Airpower in Bosnia-Herzegovina. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada387816.

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Collins, Donal J. The War in Bosnia. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada294783.

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Peavie, Barrett K. Intelligence Sharing in Bosnia. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada391994.

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Serwer, Daniel. Bosnia: Peace by Piece. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada385752.

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Farmen, William N. Ad Hoc Logistics in Bosnia. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada405336.

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Barkey, Brett D. Bosnia: A Question of Intervention. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada270515.

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