Relevant bibliographies by topics / Bothrops

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Academic literature on the topic 'Bothrops'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 5 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Bothrops"

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Carrasco, Paola, Gustavo Scrocchi, and Gerardo Leynaud. "Redescription of the southernmost snake species, Bothrops ammodytoides (Serpentes: Viperidae: Crotalinae)." Amphibia-Reptilia 31, no. 3 (2010): 323–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853810791769491.

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AbstractBothrops ammodytoides is a pitviper species endemic to Argentina that inhabits arid and semiarid areas from sea level to more than 3000 m, reaching the southernmost latitude for snakes. According to previous studies, the species is placed in the Bothrops alternatus group. We redescribe Bothrops ammodytoides based on examination of 101 specimens and provide new data on lepidosis, hemipenial morphology, cranial osteology, variation in coloration, and distribution. We compare Bothrops ammodytoides with representative species of the genus and related genera. Morphological comparisons reveal considerable affinities between Bothrops ammodytoides, Bothrops pictus, Bothrops andianus, and Bothrocophias microphthalmus, suggesting that the current taxonomy for Bothrops ammodytoides requires to be reassessed.
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Segura, Álvaro, María Herrera, Mariángela Vargas, Mauren Villalta, Alfredo Uscanga-Reynell, Guillermo León, and José María Gutiérrez. "Preclinical efficacy against toxic activities of medically relevant Bothrops sp. (Serpentes: Viperidae) snake venoms by a polyspecific antivenom produced in Mexico." Revista de Biología Tropical 65, no. 1 (September 23, 2016): 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/rbt.v65i1.18908.

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The assessment of the preclinical neutralizing ability of antivenoms in Latin America is necessary to determine their scope of efficacy. This study was aimed at analyzing the neutralizing efficacy of a polyspecific bothropic-crotalic antivenom manufactured by BIRMEX in Mexico against lethal, hemorrhagic, defibrinogenating and in vitro coagulant activities of the venoms of Bothrops jararaca (Brazil), B. atrox (Perú and Colombia), B. diporus (Argentina), B. mattogrossensis (Bolivia), and B. asper (Costa Rica). Standard laboratory tests to determine these activities were used. In agreement with previous studies with bothropic antivenoms in Latin America, a pattern of cross-neutralization of heterologous venoms was observed. However, the antivenom had low neutralizing potency against defibrinogenating effect of the venoms of B. atrox (Colombia) and B. asper (Costa Rica), and failed to neutralize the in vitro coagulant activity of the venom of B. asper (Costa Rica) at the highest antivenom/venom ratio tested. It is concluded that, with the exception of coagulant and defibrinogenating activities of B. asper (Costa Rica) venom, this antivenom neutralizes toxic effects of various Bothrops sp venoms. Future studies are necessary to assess the efficacy of this antivenom against other viperid venoms.
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Römer, R. "Bothrops lanceolatus." Zeitschrift für Klassische Homöopathie 27, no. 06 (April 2, 2007): 243–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-938073.

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Assakura, Marina T., Maria de Fatima Furtado, and Fajga R. Mandelbaum. "Biochemical and biological differentiation of the venoms of the lancehead vipers (Bothrops atrox, Bothrops asper, Bothrops marajoensis and Bothrops moojeni)." Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Comparative Biochemistry 102, no. 4 (August 1992): 727–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0305-0491(92)90071-x.

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Melo, M. M., G. G. Habermehl, N. J. F. Oliveira, E. F. Nascimento, M. M. B. Santos, and M. Lúcia. "Treatment of Bothrops alternatus envenomation by Curcuma longa and Calendula officinalis extracts and ar-turmerone." Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia 57, no. 1 (February 2005): 7–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-09352005000100002.

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It was investigated the efficiency of two extracts of plants and one fraction of their properties against the local effects of bothropic envenomation. Bothrops alternatus venom (1.25µg) diluted in 100µl of sterile saline solution was inoculated (intradermally) into the shaved dorsal back skin of 30 New Zealand rabbits. The animals were divided in six groups receiving the following treatments: group I: subcutaneous application of Curcuma longa extract (1.0ml); group II: topic treatment of Curcuma longa hydroalcoholic extract (1.0ml); group III: topic application of ar-turmerone in vaseline (1.0g); group IV: topic application of Curcuma longa methanolic extract (1.0ml); group V: topic application of Calendula officinalis ointment (1.0g); group VI: topic application of saline (1.0ml). These treatments were done at 30 minutes, and at 2, 4, 24 and 72 hours after venom inoculation. Intensity of local edema, hemorrhagic halo and necrosis were evaluated until 168h after that. Additionally, seven days after the Bothrops venom inoculation, blood was collected from heart with and without EDTA (10%) for hemogram and biochemical parameters (total protein, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and fibrinogen) and all the animals were anesthetized, sacrificed by ether inhalation and submitted to necropsy. Fragments of tissues were taken for histopathological evaluation. The most efficient treatment for inhibition of edema, necrosis and local hemorrhage after Bothrops alternatus venom was the topic application of ar-turmerone.
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Oliveira-Jr, José Gonçalves de, Karoline Ceron, Sarah Mângia, Isabela C. O. da Silva, José Luiz Massao Moreira Sugai, and Diego J. Santana. "Predation on Amerotyphlops brongersmianus (Squamata, Typhlopidae) by Bothrops moojeni (Squamata, Viperidae) in west Brazil." Caldasia 42, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 150–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/caldasia.v42n1.74998.

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Ophyophagy is a common feeding habit in snakes; however, there are few records of this behavior for the genus Bothrops. Here, we report the first case of predation of Bothrops moojeni upon Amerotyphlops brongersmianus. Our record reinforces the known generalist habit of Bothrops moojeni and indicates an opportunistic diet.
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Vasconcelos, C. M. L., M. Saiki, R. M. Lira-da-Silva, and M. C. Guarnieri. "Neutronic activation analysis of Bothrops erythromelas and Bothrops leucurus venoms." Toxicon 34, no. 1 (January 1996): 30–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0041-0101(96)90072-0.

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BOECHAT, Antônio Luiz R., Cristiano S. PAIVA, Francisco Oscar FRANÇA, and Maria Cristina DOS-SANTOS. "Heparin-antivenom association: differential neutralization effectiveness in Bothrops atrox and Bothrops erythromelas envenoming." Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 43, no. 1 (February 2001): 07–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46652001000100002.

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Heparin, in some regions of Brazil has been used in the treatment of bothropic accidents, but the data found in the literature are inconclusive about its effectiveness. The venoms of Bothrops atrox and of B. erythromelas were characterized according to their biological activities. The capacity of heparin in neutralizing these activities was tested with doses of 3 and 6 IU in isolated form and associated to Antibothropic Serum (ABS). It was verified that heparin, in doses of 3 and 6 IU, was not effective in neutralizing the desfibrinating and edema-forming activities of B. atrox venom and the hemorrhagic and coagulant actions of both venoms. Heparin diminished the effectiveness of the ABS in the neutralization of the hemorrhagic and edema-forming activities of the B. atrox venom. However, heparin in the 6 IU dose was capable of neutralize the edema-forming of the B. erythromelas and increase the effectiveness of the ABS. Heparin also neutralized the phospholipasic A2 activity of B. atrox (14.3%) and B. erythromelas (28.0%) venoms. For B. erythromelas venom, the associated treatment, heparin and ABS, was more effective in the neutralization of its lethal activity.
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Marín, Juan David Gutiérrez, Weslei Aguiar, Eduardo O. V. Lima, Nathália da Costa-Galizio, Karen de Morais-Zani, Kathleen Fernandes-Grego, and Anita Mitico Tanaka-Azevedo. "Bothrops neuwiedi snake venom: Ontogenetic characterization and imunorecognition by bothropic antivenom." Toxicon 177 (April 2020): S36—S37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2019.12.056.

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Mark Valencia, Braulio, and Alfonso Zavaleta. "La medicina complementaria en el tratamiento de las enfermedades tropicales desatendidas: accidentes ofídicos." Revista Peruana de Medicina Integrativa 2, no. 1 (July 18, 2017): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.26722/rpmi.2017.21.45.

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De acuerdo a la Organización Mundial de la Salud más de 1 billón de personas distribuidas en 149 países son afectadas por enfermedades tropicales desatendidas, ocasionando cuantiosos daños económicos, sociales y psicológicos a las personas afectadas, así como un elevado gasto estatal. El envenenamiento por mordedura de serpiente es una de las más desatendidas: se estima que anualmente de los casi 5 millones de mordeduras de serpiente que ocurren a nivel mundial, la mitad genera envenenamientos que ocasionarían entre 94-125 mil muertes, 400 mil amputaciones y otras secuelas severas. Por ello se realizó una búsqueda en Pubmed para identificar publicaciones en los que se hayan usado terapias complementarias o tradicionales o alguno de sus componentes. De los 142 artículos, 18 artículos fueron seleccionados por tratarse de estudios in-vivo para identificar el efecto antiofídico de los compuestos. Los estudios seleccionados se enfocaron en evaluar el efecto antihemorrágico (13/18), anti-edematoso (11/18), anti-necrotizante (5/18) y de reducción de letalidad (4/18). Se estudió el efecto de los compuestos en veneno de Bothrops atrox (6/18), Bothrops jararaca (5/18), Bothrops asper (3/18), Bothrops jararacussu (2/18), Bothrops erythromelas (2/18), Bothrops paulensis (1/18), Crotalus adamanteus (1/18), Crotalus durissus terrificus (1/18), y Lachesis muta (1/18). De las 24 plantas evaluadas, se encontró mayor cantidad de publicaciones sobre el efecto terapéutico de Bellucia dichotoma, Connarus favosus, Plathymenia reticulata, Jatropha gossypiifolia y Renealmia alpinia.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bothrops"

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Torrejón, Maldonado Daniel Alcibiades. "Caracterización molecular y clonación de la fosfolipasa A2 homóloga de los venenos de Bothrops pictus, Bothrops brazili y Bothrops atrox." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/16686.

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Las PLA2s homólogas (también conocidas como miotoxinas Lys49 o PLA2s K49) son las principales miotoxinas en los venenos de las serpientes del género Bothrops a pesar de presentar nula o ínfima actividad catalítica. En este trabajo, se identificaron tres nuevos transcritos codificantes de las PLA2s homólogas K49 en venenos de las especies Bothrops pictus (“jergón de la costa”), Bothrops brazili (“jergónshushupe”) y Bothrops atrox (“jergón de la selva”) que habitan en el Perú y se clonaron en células de Escherichia coli. Como primer paso, el RNA total fue aislado de venenos frescos y liofilizados, así como de tejido glandular. El rendimiento del RNA obtenido fue aproximadamente 5.0 ng/mg de veneno y 40.0 ng/mg de glándula. La cantidad y calidad de los transcritos fueron suficientes para la eficiente síntesis y amplificación del cDNA. La secuencia aminoacídica deducida de los transcritos se compone de 121/122 residuos de ~ 14.0 kDa y posee un punto isoeléctrico teórico (pI) de ~ 9.0. Los homólogos de PLA2 identificados en B. pictus, B. brazili y B. atrox se nombraron como pictoxina, brazilixina y batroxina, respectivamente, los cuales fueron clonados en células deE. coli TOP10 dentro del vector pCR2.1-TOPO con una eficiencia de transformación de 2.9 x 109 UFC/µg de DNA plasmídico. En relación con estudios transcriptómicos, la batroxina es una variante poblacional en venenos peruanos de una miotoxina encontrada en venenos brasileños con una única mutación nucleotídica que origina la sustitución D13E. La pictoxina corresponde a la PLA2 básica detectada previamente en el veneno de B. pictus. La brazilixina se diferencia considerablemente de otras miotoxinas encontradas en el veneno de B. brazili; por lo que es propuesta como una nueva proteoforma. Asimismo, las tres miotoxinas presentan mutaciones peculiares a nivel de la región C- terminal, loop de unión a calcio e interfaces proteína-membrana y proteína-proteína. Este es el primer estudio de clonación de las PLA2 básicas del género Bothrops de Perú y constituye el cimiento para dar inicio a las actividades de la tecnología recombinante para una caracterización funcional con miras a su aplicabilidad.
Perú. Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología. Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (Fondecyt). N° 168-FONDECYT-2017
Perú. Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Vicerrectorado de Investigación y Posgrado. B17100041, 19100184
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Mosca, Rodrigo Crespo. "Inibição do crescimento da microflora oral por venenos de serpentes." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/85/85131/tde-16102009-150801/.

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A saúde bucal, na maioria dos municípios brasileiros, constitui ainda um grande desafio aos princípios do Sistema Único de Saúde, principalmente no que se refere à universalização, à eqüidade do atendimento e alto custo envolvido na terapia restauradora. A procura pela descoberta de novos compostos metabólicos com atividade antibacteriana para a prevenção de doenças bucais e talvez com menores impactos a saúde e financeiros, seria muito importante para obtenção de um meio efetivo de controle da formação de um biofilme patogênico e da cárie dental. O objetivo deste trabalho é estudar a viabilidade biotecnológica do uso de venenos nativos de diferentes serpentes quanto à capacidade de inibir o crescimento de Streptococcus mutans, principal agente envolvido na cárie dental. Nossos resultados mostraram que os venenos das serpentes Bothrops moojeni e Bothrops jararacussu inibiram o crescimento de Streptococcus mutans e o componente responsável pela inibição parece ser a peróxido de hidrogênio. Apesar de ainda não totalmente conclusivos, os ensaios já realizados, permitem afirmar que venenos de serpentes são ferramentas importantes na inibição do crescimento de patógenos, especificamente daqueles envolvidos nas doenças cariogênicas.
The oral health at the most of Brazilian municipalities is still a big challenge to the principles of the Brazilian Health Unique System (SUS), particularly with regard to the globalization, the equity of care and high cost involved in restorative therapy. The demand for discovery of new natural products with antibacterial activity in order to prevent dental diseases and perhaps with fewer health and financial impacts, would be very important to achieve an effective means to control the formation of a pathogenic biofilm and dental caries. The objective of this work is to study the feasibility of the use of different snakes crude venom in inhibiting the growth of Streptococcus mutans, the principal agent involved in dental caries. Our results showed that Bothrops moojeni and Bothrops jararacussu venoms were able to inhibit the growth of Streptococcus mutans and the component responsible for that inhibition appears to be the hydrogen peroxide. Though still not fully conclusive, the tests already carried out, show that snake venoms are important tools to inhibit the growth of pathogens, specifically those involved in caries diseases. MOSCA, R.C., 2008 7 SUMÁRIO 1. INTRODUÇÃO................................................................................................
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Caldeira, Cleópatra Alves da Silva, and 69-99281-1243. "Purificação e caracterização bioquímica de peptídeos antimicrobianos dos venenos das serpentes Bothrops atrox e Bothrops jararacussu." Universidade Federal do Amazonas - Universidade Federal de Rondônia, 2017. https://tede.ufam.edu.br/handle/tede/6308.

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CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
The emergence of pathogenic agents resistant to conventional drugs has stimulated the search for new classes of antimicrobial and antiparasitic agents from natural sources. Among these, it highlights antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which have mechanisms not dependent on the interaction with a specific receptor, providing new possibilities for the development of drugs against resistant organisms. The present study aimed to purify and characterize biochemically the peptides of B. atrox and B. jararacussu snakes venoms, as well as to evaluate the antimicrobial and antiparasitic activities of the peptides against the strains: Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 29213), Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 13883); Leishmania amazonensis (IFLA/BR/97/PH8), and Plasmodium falciparum (clone W2, resistant to chloroquine). In this work, we carried out a comprehensive analysis of peptides presents in the venom of B. atrox and B. jararacussu using the combination of Amicon ultrafiltration of 3kDa, high performance liquid chromatography in reverse phase and mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization (Electrospray-Ion Trap-Time of Flight). Sixteen peptides were identified in both venoms, with mass range 444.17 to 1356.73 Da and primary structure between 3 to 13 residues. Among them 13 are unique sequences, including 7 peptides and 6 bradykinin-potentiating peptides (BBPs). The other peptides refer to 2 metallopeptidases inhibitor found in both peptidome venoms, but not described for these species, besides 1 BPP identified in the venom of B. atrox, the BPP-Bax12 with peptide sequence described. Some of the new peptides identified showed antibacterial activity against K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus, and low hemolytic activity, but did not demonstrate antiparasitic activity. Therefore, in this study 13 new peptides were identified from the B. atrox and B. jararacussu snake venoms, and some with relevant bacterial activities, which can assist in the development of new drugs against multiresistant microorganisms.
O surgimento de agentes patogênicos resistentes aos fármacos convencionais, têm estimulado a procura de novas classes de agentes antimicrobianos e antiparasitários a partir de fontes naturais. Dentre estes, destacam-se os antimicrobianos (AMPs), que possuem mecanismos não dependentes da interação com um receptor específico, oferecendo novas possibilidades para o desenvolvimento de medicamentos contra microrganismos resistentes. O presente estudo teve como objetivo purificar e caracterizar bioquimicamente o conteúdo peptídico dos venenos das serpentes B. atrox e B. jararacussu, além de avaliar as atividades antimicrobiana e antiparasitárias dos peptídeos frente as cepas: Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 29213), Staphylococcus aureus resistente à meticilina (MRSA), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 13883); Leishmania amazonensis (IFLA/BR/97/PH8), e Plasmodium falciparum (clone W2, resistente à cloroquina). Neste trabalho realizou-se uma análise abrangente dos peptídeos presentes nos venenos de B. atrox e B. jararacussu utilizando a combinação de ultrafiltração em Amicon de 3kDa, cromatografia líquida de alta perfomance em fase reversa e espectrometria de massas com ionização por electrospray (Electrospray-Ion Trap-Time of Flight). Foram identificados 16 peptídeos em ambos os venenos, com massas moleculares de 444,17 a 1.356,73 Da e estrutura primária variando de 3 a 13 aminoácidos. Dentre os quais, 13 são sequências únicas, incluindo 7 peptídeos e 6 peptídeos potenciadores de bradicinina (BBPs). Os demais peptídeos referem-se a 2 inibidores de metalopeptidases encontrados em ambos os venenos, porém não descritos para estas espécies, além de 1 BPP identificado no veneno de B. atrox, o BPP-Bax12 com sequência peptídica descrita. Alguns dos novos peptídeos identificados apresentaram atividade antibacteriana contra K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa e S. aureus, e baixa atividade hemolítica, porém não demonstraram atividade antiparasitária. Portanto, neste estudo foram identificados 13 novos peptídeos a partir dos venenos de B. atrox e B. jararacussu, e alguns com atividades bacterianas relevantes, que podem auxiliar no desenvolvimento de novos fármacos contra microrganismos multirresistentes.
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Barros, Verônica Alberto. "Reprodução no gênero Bothrops (Serpentes, Viperidae) /." São José do Rio Preto, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/148208.

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Orientador: Selma Maria de Almeida Santos
Banca: Henrique Bartolomeu Pereira Vaz
Banca: Ligia Pizzatto do Prado
Banca: Leonardo de Oliveira
Banca: Phelipe Oliveira Favaron
Resumo: A reprodução é essencial para a perpetuação das espécies e por esta razão este é um tema central no estudo da biologia de qualquer animal. Nesta tese apresento dados inéditos sobre diversos aspectos reprodutivos de algumas espécies de jararacas, incluindo B. cotiara, B. alternatus, B. pubescens, B. diporus, B. mattogrossensis, B. neuwiedi e B. pauloensis. Além da caracterização de eventos reprodutivos como produção de gametas, estocagem de esperma e formação de plugs copulatórios, também descrevo pela primeira vez em serpentes a presença de esperma no segmento sexual renal de B. pubescens e a intersexualidade em B. moojeni e B. erythromelas. A influência dos fatores ambientais e da inércia filogenética sobre a determinação dos padrões reprodutivos nestas serpentes foi avaliada por meio de (1) comparações entre a época de ocorrência dos eventos reprodutivos entre as diferentes espécies que indicaram a influência de ambos os fatores; (2) reconstruções de caráter ancestral que apontaram para um forte conservatismo filogenético em relação ao dimorfismo sexual e alta variabilidade em relação ao padrão de maturidade sexual; (3) análises estatísticas cujos resultados indicam que não há relação entre o aumento de parâmetros como temperatura e pluviosidade e o ciclo dos machos de B. pubescens, espécie utilizada como modelo. Embora a predominância de eventos de acasalamento durante o outono e nascimentos no verão indique um forte componente filogenético na determinação dos eventos...
Abstract: Reproduction is essential for the perpetuation of any species. That is why it is a central theme for studies on the biology of any organism. Here, I present new data on several aspects of reproduction for Bothrops species, including B. cotiara, B. alternatus, B. pubescens, B. diporus, B. mattogrossensis, B. neuwiedi and B. pauloensis. The characterization of reproductive events such as gametogenesis, sperm storage, formation of mating plugs and activity of the sexual segment of the kidneys (SSK) is provided. I also describe the presence of sperm inside the SSK for the first time in a snake species and intersexuality in B. moojeni and B. erythromelas. I evaluated the influence of environmental factors and phylogenetic inertia in the determination of reproductive events in these snakes by (1) a comparison of the timing of reproductive events between species which indicates that both factors may be important, (2) ancestral character state reconstructions showing a strong phylogenetic conservatism in sexual dimorphism with females being the larger sex and high variability in sexual maturity between species, (3) statistical analysis indicating that male reproductive variables do not vary according to temperature and rain in B. pubescens. Although there are many observations of reproductive events outside the expected periods for Bothrops species (mainly for timing of ovulation, pregnancy and sperm storage strategies), reports of mating and births are concentrated in autumn and summer, respectively, showing that although phylogenetic inertia has a high influence on the conserved timing of these reproductive events in Bothrops, environmental factors may also play a role in the plasticity observed in some species and individuals
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Robin, Ghislaine. "Bothrops atrox : vipere fer de lance." Toulouse 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU32019.

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Martins, Tiago Leite. "Estudo de lesões cutâneas induzidas por veneno de serpentes." Niterói, 2017. https://app.uff.br/riuff/handle/1/3170.

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Os venenos de serpente são complexa mistura de toxinas, que são principalmente enzimas e peptídeos com diversas atividades biológicas. Os venenos botrópicos podem induzir hemorragia, edema, necrose e diversas doenças da pele, tais como a formação de bolhas e dermonecrose. Embora existam progressos consideráveis no estudo da patogênese da hemorragia e mionecrose em Viperidae peçonhentas, existem poucas referências das anormalidades de pele derivadas destes venenos, independentemente da sua relevância clínica. O nosso objetivo é avaliar os efeitos dos venenos de Bothrops leucurus e Bothrops jararaca na indução de lesões da pele, bem como no processo de regeneração. Foram utilizados camundongos swiss albinos adultos com 25 ± 3 g (n = 4/grupo, do sexo masculino), que durante todo o experimento receberam comida e água "ad libitum" e foram mantidos em ciclo de luz natural. A manipulação e os procedimentos com os animais seguiram os princípios do Comitê de Ética no Uso de Animais em Pesquisa (CEUA-UFF n º 219). As lesões cutâneas foram induzidas no abdome por injeção intradérmica de 3 mg / kg de veneno de B. leucurus ou B. jararaca. O grupo controle recebeu injeção de solução salina fisiológica. Os animais foram sacrificados 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, 45 e 60 dias após a injeção de veneno, sob anestesia geral, a fim de remover a pele para processamento histológico. O passo seguinte foi corar com hematoxilina e eosina as amostras de pele e análise por microscopia óptica. Depois de 24 h a epiderme das amostras injetadas com os venenos estava desorganizada e apresentava maior espessura, em comparação com o controle. Após 21 e 45 dias foi possível identificar diferenças na análise imuno-histoquímica de citoqueratina 14 com padrão de marcação suprabasal das camadas epidérmicas, observado apenas em áreas de hiperproliferação nas amostras de pele injetadas com veneno. As amostras de pele de 60 dias do grupo de B. leucurus apresentaram células com núcleos picnóticos e as amostras de pele injetadas com as peçonhas de ambas espécies tinham fibra muscular em fase de recuperação, com núcleos centralizados, indicando processo de regeneração. Ainda nesta fase crônica foi possível identificar angiogênese com base na marcação de endotélio na derme através da imuno-histoquímica com o anticorpo CD34. Os resultados indicam que as lesões cutâneas induzidas por B. leucurus diferem de B. jararaca, sendo que as primeiras produziram intenso infiltrado inflamatório com padrão proliferativo diferenciado de reparação de feridas. Além disso, as peçonhas estudadas apresentaram-se como ferramentas úteis para o estudo de modelos de regeneração cutânea, porém a confirmação da tumorigênese depende de uma análise mais complexa, com destaque para fatores determinantes como o tempo e a intensidade de exposição ao veneno
Snake venoms are complex mixture of toxins, which are mostly enzymes and peptides with diverse biological activities. The bothropic venoms can induce hemorrhage, edema, necrosis and various skin conditions such as blister formation and dermonecrosis. Although there are significant advances in the study of the pathogenesis of hemorrhage and myonecrosis in venomous Viperidae, there are few references to the skin abnormalities derived from these venoms, regardless of its clinical relevance. Our goal is to evaluate the effects of B. leucurus and B. jararaca venoms in the induction of skin lesions as well as in the process of regeneration. The animals used were adult albino Swiss mice with 25 ± 3 g (n = 4/group, male), which throughout the experiment received food and water "ad libitum" and were maintained in natural light cycle. Manipulation and procedures with animals followed the principles of Evaluation Committee on the Use of Animals in Research (CEUA-UFF nº 219). The skin lesions were induced in the abdomen by intradermal injection of 3 mg/kg B. leucurus or B. jararaca venom. The control group received injection of physiological saline solution. The animals were sacrificed 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, 45 and 60 days after venom injection under general anesthesia in order to remove the skin for histological processing. The next step was the hematoxylin and eosin staining of the skin samples and analysis by optical microscopy. After 24 h the epidermis of the samples injected with venoms was disorganized and had greater thickness, compared with the control. After 21 and 45 days it was possible to identify differences in immunohistochemical analysis of cytokeratin 14 with suprabasal epidermal layers staining, observed only in areas of hyperproliferation in samples of skin injected with venom. Skin samples of B. leucurus 60 days group cells had pyknotic nuclei and skin samples injected with venoms of both species had muscle fiber in recovery phase, with centered nuclei , indicating regeneration process. Still in chronic phase, we found angiogenesis based on marking endothelium in the dermis by immunohistochemistry with CD34 antibody. The results indicate that the cutaneous lesions induced by B. leucurus differs from B. jararaca, with the first resulting in intense inflammatory infiltrate with different proliferative pattern of wound repair. In addition, the venoms studied were presented as useful tools to study models of skin regeneration , although confirmation of tumorigenesis depends on a more complex analysis with emphasis on determining factors such as the time and intensity of exposure to the venoms
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Kuniyoshi, Alexandre Kazuo. "Eficácia do soro antibotrópico produzido no Instituto Butantan: obtenção, caracterização e neutralização de serinopeptidases de interesse do veneno Bothrops jararaca." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/87/87131/tde-26022018-111410/.

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O envenenamento ofídico é considerado uma condição tropical negligenciada pela OMS, e no Brasil, o gênero Bothrops está envolvido na maioria dos casos. Primeiramente, estudamos a atividade hidrolítica do veneno de B. jararaca sobre peptídeos biologicamente ativos que podem estar relacionadas com o envenenamento. A hidrólise dos peptídeos que foram substratos para as serinopeptidases não foi eficientemente bloqueada pelo soro antibotrópico produzido pelo Instituto Butantan e, portanto, as causas dessas falhas foram investigadas. Para isso, purificamos quatro serinopeptidases não bloqueadas pelo soro e, por estudos imunoquímicos, observamos que apesar deste não bloquear as atividades destas enzimas, o mesmo é capaz de reconhecê-las. Portanto, decidimos obter soros experimentais contra estas moléculas utilizando camundongos, a fim de compará-los com o soro comercial. Os soros experimentais contra as serinopeptidases mostraram capacidade de reconhecimento e alta afinidade contra elas, e mais importante, capacidade de neutralizar suas atividades in vitro.
Snakebite is considered a neglected tropical condition by WHO, and in Brazil, the Bothrops genus is involved in most of the cases. Initially, we have studied the B. jararaca venom activity over bioactive peptides which could be related with the envenomation. The hydrolysis of the peptides substrate for serinepeptidases were not efficiently blocked by the Butantan Institute bothropic antivenom, therefore, the causes of this flaw were investigated. Thereafter, we purified four serinepeptidases not blocked by the antivenom and, by immunochemistry analysis, we observed that although it could not neutralize the activity, it could well recognize these proteins. Thus, we decided to obtain experimental sera against these serinepeptidases in mice, in order to compare it with the commercial antivenom. The experimental sera against these enzymes demonstrated recognition capability and high affinity, and most important, the ability to neutralize their activity in vitro.
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Chacur, Marucia. "Mediação química da hiperagesia induzida pelos venenos de serpentes Bothrops jararaca e Bothrops asper e por uma miotoxina com atividade de fosfolipase A2 isolada do veneno de Bothrops asper." Universidade de São Paulo, 2000. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42136/tde-19102001-090542/.

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Os venenos do gênero Bothrops induzem efeitos locais caracterizados por hemorragia, necrose, edema e dor intensa. Apesar da importância clínica do fenômeno de dor, os estudos sobre os mecanismos envolvidos na gênese deste fenômeno são ainda escassos. Além disso, não existem dados sobre a capacidade do antiveneno em neutralizar este fenômeno. Neste trabalho foi investigada, a capacidade dos venenos de Bothrops jararaca, Bothrops asper e da miotoxina III (Fosfolipase A2, variante Asp 49), uma toxina isolada do veneno de Bothrops asper, em induzir hiperalgesia em ratos, a mediação química deste fenômeno e a capacidade dos antivenenos em neutralizar esta ação dos venenos. A possível correlação entre a hiperalgesia e a resposta edematogênica causada pelos venenos ou miotoxina foi também avaliada. O limiar de dor foi determinado antes e em diferentes tempos após a administração dos venenos ou toxina, empregando o teste de pressão de pata de rato. Para o estudo da resposta edematogênica, o aumento do volume das patas posteriores foi determinado por pletismografia. Os venenos e a toxina, administrados por via intraplantar, nas doses de 5µg (VBj), 15µg (VBa) ou 10µg (MIII), induziram hiperalgesia e edema, com respostas máxima na 1a (VBj, MIII) ou 2a (VBa) hora, não sendo mais detectadas na 24a hora. Para o estudo da neutralização, foram utilizados o antiveneno botrópico produzido no Instituto Butantan e o antiveneno polivalente produzido no Instituto Clodomiro Picado da Costa Rica, administrados por via endovenosa, 15 min. ou imediatamente antes ou 15 min. após a injeção dos venenos. O AVIB, quando injetado 15 min. antes do VBj, foi capaz de reverter a hiperalgesia induzida pelo veneno. Em relação ao edema, esta inibição foi observada quando o antiveneno foi administrado 15 min. ou imediatamente antes do VBj. Por outro lado, o AVCP não interferiu com a dor e o edema acarretados pelo VBa. Quando o VBj e o VBa foram incubados, in vitro, por 30 min., a 370C com os AV correspondentes, a hiperalgesia e o edema foram abolidos. Estes resultados indicam que a incapacidade do AVCP, quando administrado in vivo, de bloquear a hiperalgesia e o edema induzidos pelo VBa, não é consequência da ausência de anticorpos específicos no antiveneno, uma vez que estes efeitos foram inibidos quando o veneno foi pré-incubado com o antiveneno. Para avaliação da mediação química da hiperalgesia e do edema, os animais foram submetidos a tratamentos com inibidores de síntese, antagonistas de receptores, anticorpos ou drogas depletoras destes mediadores. Os resultados mostraram que o Hoe-140, dexametasona e NDGA inibem a hiperalgesia induzida pelo VBa, enquanto que apenas a prometazina interferiu com o edema causado pelo veneno. A hiperalgesia induzida pela MIII foi revertida pelo tratamento com prometazina, metisergida, Hoe-140, dexametasona e por NDGA, enquanto que o edema foi inibido apenas por prometazina e dexametasona. Estes dados sugerem que: a) a MIII é um importante componente do veneno para a geração de hiperalgesia, b) a bradicinina e os derivados da lipoxigenase são mediadores da dor acarretada pelo VBa e pela MIII, c) histamina e serotonina participam também da hiperalgesia induzida pela miotoxina e d) a histamina é mediador do edema induzido pelo VBa e pela MIII. Com relação à hiperalgesia induzida pelo VBj, somente o tratamento com Hoe-140 diminuiu este fenômeno, indicando a participação da bradicinina. Por outro lado, este tratamento não foi capaz de interferir com o edema induzido por este veneno. Cabe ressaltar que TEIXEIRA et al. (1994) demonstraram a participação de eicosanóides e PAF na hiperalgesia induzida pelo VBj. Os dados em conjunto sugerem ainda, dissociação entre os fenômenos de dor e edema acarretados por ambos os venenos e pela miotoxina.
Bothrops venoms cause pronounced local tissue-damage characterized by hemorrhage, myonecrosis, edema and pain. Venom-induced pain has been poorly investigated, despite its clinical relevance. Furthermore, the ability of antivenom to neutralize hyperalgesia induced by these venoms is not known. In the present study the hyperalgesia and edema induced by Bothrops jararaca (BjV) and Bothrops asper (BaV) venom and by myotoxin III-MIII (Asp49- phospholipase A2), a toxin isolated from BaV, were investigated. The chemical mediators involved in these phenomena and the ability of the antivenom to neutralize the hyperalgesia and edema induced by these venoms were also investigated. Pain threshold was assessed before and at several intervals after venom injection, using the rat paw pressure test. Edema of paw was measured phethysmographically at the same periods of time. The intraplantar injection of BjV (5µg/paw), BaV (15µg/paw) or MIII (10µg/paw) caused hyperalgesia and edema, whose peak were observed at the 1st (BjV, MIII) or 2nd (BaV) hours after venom/toxin administration, decreasing thereafter. For neutralization studies, the antivenoms produced either at Instituto Butantan from Brazil (AVIB) or Instituto Clodomiro Picado from Costa Rica (AVCP) were administered intravenously 15 min prior to, or immediately before, or 15 min after venoms injection. When the antivenom from Instituto Butantan was injected 15 min. before BjV, the hyperalgesia and edema were abolished. Furthermore, partial inhibition of edema was also observed when the antivenom was injected together with BjV. On the other hand, hyperalgesia and edema induced by BaV were not modified by AVCP. Incubation of BjV and BaV, for 30 min. at 37oC, with the antivenoms in vitro, abolished the hyperalgesia and edema. The inability of the in vivo treatment with antivenom in abolishing hyperalgesia and edema induced by BaV seems not to be related to the lack of neutralizing antibodies in antivenom, because neutralization was achieved in pre-incubation experiments. In order to investigate the chemical mediation of hyperalgesia and edema induced by the venoms or toxin, animals were treated with several drugs. Pretreatment with Hoe-140, dexamethasone and NDGA blocked the hyperalgesia induced by BaV, whereas only promethazine reduced the edema induced by this venom. The MIII-induced hyperalgesia was blocked by promethazine, methysergide, Hoe-140, dexamethasone and NDGA, whereas the edema was reduced only by promethazine and dexamethasone. These results suggest that: a) MIII may contribute to the BaV-induced hyperalgesia, b) bradykinin and leukotrienes mediate the BaV- and MIII-induced pain and MIII; c) histamine and serotonin also participate in the myotoxin-induced hyperalgesia and d) the edema induced by BaV and MIII is mediated by histamine. Pre-treatment of the animals with Hoe-140 abolished BjV-induced hyperalgesia, suggesting that bradykinin may mediate the venom-induced hyperalgesia. However, this treatment did not modify the BjV-induced edema. It is important to stress that previous studies have shown that BjV-induced hyperalgesia is mediated, at least partially, by eicosanoids and PAF (TEIXEIRA et al.,1994). The data presented herein also suggest that distinct mechanisms may be involved in the development of hyperalgesia and edema induced by both venoms and myotoxin III.
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Ferreira, Danilo Avelar Sampaio. "Avaliação do efeito neuroprotetor/neurotóxico de peptídeos de baixo peso molecular provenientes de venenos das serpentes Bothrops atrox, Bothrops pirajai e Bothrops jararaca em mitocôndrias de cérebro de rato." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/60/60134/tde-28062010-114919/.

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As doenças neurodegenerativas (DN), incluindo doença de Alzheimer e doença de Parkinson, estão entre as principais causas de mortalidade e morbidade nos países ocidentais. Não há ainda um tratamento definitivo para estas neuropatias, mas os estudos têm apontado para mecanismos comuns de toxicidade, que incluem disfunção mitocondrial, estresse oxidativo e apoptose. Assim, as mitocôndrias constituem alvos importantes para futuras estratégias de neuroproteção visando tratar, prevenir ou retardar a neurodegeneração. A biodiversidade da fauna brasileira representa uma fonte promissora e ainda pouco explorada de novas moléculas com (i) atividade neuroprotetora e, portanto, potencial para originar novos fármacos para o tratamento destas doenças; ou ainda com (ii) atividade neurotóxica, podendo ser utilizadas como ferramentas de estudo de mecanismos de neurotoxicidade. O presente estudo teve por objetivo investigar o possível potencial neuroprotetor e/ou neurotóxico de peptídeos de baixo peso molecular, obtidos a partir do veneno de diferentes espécies de serpentes do gênero Bothrops por meio da investigação dos efeitos destes compostos na função mitocondrial de cérebro de rato. Duas das frações estudadas (obtidas a partir do veneno da B. atrox e da B. jararaca) apresentaram um interessante potencial protetor contra o intumescimento osmótico mitocondrial e a produção de espécies reativas de oxigênio (ERO), eventos associados à transição de permeabilidade mitocondrial e à morte celular. Por outro lado, outra fração, obtida a partir do veneno da B. pirajai, apresentou potencial neurotóxico. Estes achados podem ser úteis para estudos mecanísticos e também no estabelecimento de futuras estratégias de tratamento das doenças neurodegenerativas, tendo as mitocôndrias como alvos terapêuticos (terapia alvo).
The neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer\'s and Parkinson\'s diseases, are among the main causes of morbidity and mortality in Western countries. A definitive treatment for these neuropathies has not yet been found, but studies have indicated common mechanisms of toxicity, including mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and apoptosis. Therefore, mitochondria represent important targets for the future neuroprotective strategies aimed to treat, prevent or delay the neurodegeneration. The Brazilian fauna biodiversity represents a promising and under explored source of new molecules with (i) neuroprotective activity and potential to originate new drugs for the treatment of these diseases; or yet, with (ii) neurotoxic activity, representing tools to study neurotoxicity mechanisms. The present study aimed to investigate the possible neuroprotective and/or neurotoxic potential of low-molecular-mass peptides extracted from the venom of different species of Bothrops genus snakes by investigating their effects on rat brain mitochondrial function. Two of the studied fractions (from B. atrox and B. jararaca venoms) presented an interesting protective potential against both the mitochondrial swelling and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, events associated with mitochondrial permeability transition and cell death. On the other hand, other fraction (from B. pirajai venom) presented a neurotoxic potential. These findings might be useful for mechanistic studies and also for the establishment of future strategies of neurodegenerative diseases treatment, using mitochondria as therapeutic targets (targeted therapy).
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Terra, Renata Maria Soares. "Venômica : identificação de proteínas envolvidas na fisiopatologia de envenenamentos animais." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/49286.

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Acidentes com animais venenosos constituem um problema de saúde pública negligenciado em todo o mundo. Estimativas indicam que, considerando-se apenas acidentes com serpentes venenosas, ocorram mundialmente cerca de 2,5 milhões de casos, causando 85.000 óbitos anuais. O desenvolvimento do quadro patológico dos envenenamentos é o resultado conjunto de potentes atividades biológicas exercidas, principalmente, por proteínas e peptídeos que compõem os venenos animais. A proteômica aplicada à caracterização de componentes de venenos animais, denominada venômica, é uma metodologia essencial na identificação não apenas dos componentes tóxicos, mas também valiosa na investigação molecular dos mecanismos patológicos dos envenenamentos. Através de metodologias proteômicas, descrevemos a caracterização protéica dos venenos animais das serpentes Bothrops jararaca e Bothrops lanceolatus e da lagarta Lonomia obliqua. Ainda, avaliamos através da proteômica de tecido experimentalmente envenenado as ações tóxicas de um componente isolado do veneno de Bothrops jararaca. Através de análise comparativa e semi-quantitativa da composição protéica dos venenos de B. jararaca e B. lanceolatus, descrevemos uma diferença qualitativa na distribuição dos componentes tóxicos. Enfatizando o grupo protéico majoritário, metaloproteases (SVMP), descrevemos diferentes abundâncias relativas entre os subtipos destas enzimas. Esta diferença explicaria as repercussões clínicas opostas durante o envenenamento humano, sendo um veneno hemorrágico e o outro prótrombótico. Componentes tóxicos capazes de gerar um quadro hemorrágico também foram avaliados através da análise proteômica das secreções tóxicas de L. obliqua. O estudo comparativo entre hemolinfa e extrato de espículas demonstrou que, diferentemente dos venenos botrópicos, as secreções tóxicas são compostas majoritariamente de inibidores de proteases, predominantemente serpinas. Além disso, descrevemos pela primeira vez a presença de novos componentes potencialmente tóxicos, como metaloproteases. Por fim, a proteômica de tecidos foi aplicada à investigação dos efeitos locais da injeção da metaloprotease do veneno de B. jararaca, jararagina. O efeito direto da ação da metaloprotease foi observado através da identificação de proteínas presentes em maior ou menor abundância, denotando infiltração ou degradação, respectivamente. Hemorragia, edema e estresse oxidativo foram evidenciados por pronunciado aumento em proteínas envolvidas nesses processos, mas, acima de tudo, identificamos degradação de proteínas relacionadas à manutenção da integridade da matriz extracelular e estabilização de coágulos, sugerindo novos mecanismos relacionados à atividade tóxica a serem investigados. De uma maneira geral, o presente trabalho descreve componentes tóxicos de venenos animais causadores de síndromes hemorrágicas e gera novas hipóteses em relação a mecanismos moleculares envolvidos no desenvolvimento da patofisiologia dos envenenamentos.
Accidents with venomous animals are a neglected health issue worldwide. Global estimates points to the occurrence of 2,500,000 envenomation cases, causing 85,000 deaths per year. The pathological envenomation condition is a result of strong biological activities caused mainly by the action of venom's proteins and peptides components. Proteomics applied to the characterization of animal venom active principles, so called venomics, is an essential tool to the identification of toxic molecules as well as to help understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying pathological envenomation conditions. Through a proteomic methodology, here we describe the characterization of venoms from the snakes Bothrops jararaca and Bothrops lanceolatus and the caterpillar Lonomia obliqua. Moreover, from a tissue proteomic perspective we were able to evaluate the toxic effects of a B. jararaca venom component upon experimentally envenomed skin. Using a comparative semi-quantitative proteomic analysis, we described a qualitative difference in toxic components distribution between B. jararaca and B. lanceolatus venoms. Focusing on snake venom metaloproteases (SVMPs) distribution, we observed different relative abundance of these enzymes subgroups. Those differences could explain the opposite clinical envenomation characteristics, since one venom is hemorrhagic and the other induces a prothrombotic profile. Pro-hemorrhagic venom toxins were also characterized through the proteome of L. obliqua venomous secretions. Hemolymph and bristle extract were analyzed showing that, different from bothropic venoms, the toxic secretions composition are mainly protease inhibitors, especially serpins. Moreover, we were able to demonstrate for the first time the presence of new putative toxins, such as metalloproteases. Finally, we applied tissue proteomics to the investigation of local snakebite pathology by jararhagin, a metalloprotease from B. jararaca venom. The metalloprotease direct effect was observed through the increase or decrease in protein identification, indicating infiltration or degradation respectively. Hemorrhage, edema and oxidative stress were characterized by enhance in correlated proteins but, most of all, we identified degradation in proteins important to extracellular matrix integrity and clot stabilization, indicating novel mechanism of toxicity to be further evaluated. In a general perspective, the present work describes toxic components from venomous animals that cause hemorrhagic syndromes and generates new testable hypothesis of the mechanisms of action involved in the development of envenomation pathophysiology.
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Books on the topic "Bothrops"

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Heneine, Luiz Guilherme Dias. An immunological study of Brazilian snake venom antigens: Towards a species-specific diagnostic assay. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Bothrops"

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Chudzinski, A. M., M. L. V. Oliva, M. U. Sampaio, and C. A. M. Sampaio. "Characterization of an SH-Proteinase Inhibitor from Bothrops jararaca Plasma." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 337–42. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9546-5_56.

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Patrão-Neto, Fernando C., Marcelo A. Tomaz, and Paulo A. Melo. "Dexamethasone Antagonizes Myotoxic and Inflammatory Effects Induced by Bothrops Snake Venoms." In Toxins and Drug Discovery, 1–14. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6726-3_9-1.

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Patrão-Neto, Fernando C., Marcelo A. Tomaz, and Paulo A. Melo. "Dexamethasone Antagonizes Myotoxic and Inflammatory Effects Induced by Bothrops Snake Venoms." In Toxins and Drug Discovery, 21–34. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6452-1_9.

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Ferreira, Sérgio Henrique. "From the Bothrops Jararaca Bradykinin Potentiating Peptides to Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors." In Toxins and Hemostasis, 13–17. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9295-3_2.

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Leipnitz, G., A. Heisel, S. Sen, G. Pindur, H. Schieffer, and E. Wenzel. "Vital bedrohliche Afibrinogenämie und schwerwiegende Veränderungen hämostaseologischer Parameter nach dem Biß einer südamerikanischen Lanzenotter (Bothrops atrox)." In 20. Hämophilie-Symposion Hamburg 1989, 326–32. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75923-9_40.

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Vieira, L. B. G. B., J. A. A. Rodrigues, V. H. R. Leite, and S. P. Andrade. "Angiogenic activity of PAF and inhibition of blood flow by Bothrops Jararaca venom in a mouse sponge model." In Experientia Supplementum, 302–7. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7001-6_48.

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Prezoto, B. C., E. Hiraichi, F. M. F. Abdalla, A. A. C. Lavras, and Z. P. Picarelli. "Effect of the Substance(s) Released In Vitro by the Interaction of Bothrops Jararaca (BJ) Venom or Trypsin and BJ Plasma on BJ Blood Pressure and Uterus." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 419–24. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9546-5_69.

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Serrano, Solange M. T. "Bothrops Protease A." In Handbook of Proteolytic Enzymes, 3043–45. Elsevier, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-382219-2.00667-0.

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de Melo Rodrigues Ávila, Veridiana, Dayane Lorena Naves, and Renata Santos Rodrigues. "Neuwiedase (Bothrops neuwiedi)." In Handbook of Proteolytic Enzymes, 1005–12. Elsevier, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-382219-2.00217-9.

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María Gutiérrez, José, Alexandra Rucavado, and Michael Ovadia. "Bothrops asper hemorrhagic proteinases." In Handbook of Proteolytic Enzymes, 651–54. Elsevier, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-079611-3.50185-3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Bothrops"

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Ferreira, Camila G., Ta^nia M. Avalloni, Yoko Oshima-Franco, Sara de J. Oliveira, José M. de Oliveira, José C. Cogo, and Vito R. Vanin. "Irradiation of the Crude Venom of Bothrops jararacussu to Obtain Toxoid." In XXXIII BRAZILIAN WORKSHOP ON NUCLEAR PHYSICS. AIP, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3608972.

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Delgado, Anna, Rodrigo da Costa e Souza, Caio Gondim, Débora Marques, Diego de Melo Oliveira, Inaê da Silva, João Albuquerque, Pedro da Silva, Victor Costa, and Vinicius dos Santos. "Acidente vascular encefálico hemorrágico secundário a ofidismo por Bothrops sp.: relato de caso." In XXXII Congresso Brasileiro de Neurocirurgia. Thieme Revinter Publicações Ltda, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1672728.

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Kelen, E. M. A., A. M. Chudzinski, L. R. C. Goncalves, and Z. Rothschild. "INHIBITORS OF FIBRINOLYSIS IN THE EUGLOBULIN FRACTION OF SNAKE PLASMA (Bothrops j araraca)." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644833.

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Blood of most Reptilia has a naturally occurring circulating anticoagulant which inhibits thrombin activity. Besides, the intrinsic thromboplastin formation is deficient in snakes, and contact phase factors were not detected when measured on heterologous substrates. No records on fibrinolytic activity were found. The fibrinolytic activity of the euglobulin fraction of snake plasma (B, jararaca) in standard conditions is here reported. Nembutal anesthetized male and female animals were used for blood collection from the aorta artery and/or a vein after surgical exposure. Euglobulin fractions (EF) of plasma were obtained by dilution (1:10) and isoelectric precipitation (5.9). Activity was tested on human fibrin plates, immediately after preparation (EF1), after 24 hours at 4°C (EF2), and in both cases, in the presence of 2.1 m>: flufenamil-beta-alanine (Flu-beta-Ala)(EF3, EF4). Euglobulin clot lysis time (ECLT) was also determined. Fibrinolytic activity on the heterologous fibrin plate was obtained with EF1 of male plasma but the range of variation was high (23 to 100 mm2). Activity increased from EF1 to EF4 but never reached human EF values. They were much lower in female EF1 with about 70% negative results. On the other hand, ECLT of EF3 from both male and female plasma was markedly shortened when compared to the long and extremely variable results obtained with EF1. Also, snake EF1 prolonged the ECLT of human EF1. Results suggest that snake plasma contains high levels of inhibitors of fibrinolysis that are coprecipitated with the EF, and this is more intense with female plasma. The nature of such inhibitors has to be investigated.
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Fonseca M de Oliveira, Henrique, LJUBICA TASIC, and Roney Vander dos Santos. "Inhibitory action of hesperetin on a venom metalloprotease from the Bothrops asper snake." In XXV Congresso de Iniciação Cientifica da Unicamp. Campinas - SP, Brazil: Galoa, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.19146/pibic-2017-78177.

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Govers-Riemslag, J. W. P., M. H. J. Knapen, G. Tans, R. F. A. Zwaal, and J. Rosing. "STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF A PROTHROMBIN ACTIVATOR FROM THE VENOM OF BOTHROPS NEUWIDI." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644321.

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The prothrombin activator from the venom of Bothrops neuwidi has been purified to homogeniety by gelfiltration on Sephadex G-100, ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-Sephacel and metal-chelate affinity chromatography on an Epoxy-activated Sepharose 6B column loaded with ZnCl . The overall purification was about 200-fold, which indicates that the crude venom contains about 0.5 weight % of the prothrombin activator. The venom activator is a single chain protein with an apparent molecular weight of 60,000 dalton. It readily activated bovine prothrombin with a Km of 37.7 uM and a Vmax of 120 umoles prothrombin activated per min/mg of purified venom activator. Venom-catalyzed prothrombin activation was not accelerated by the accessory components of the prothrombinase complex i.e. phospholipids plus calcium-ions and Factor Va. The venom activator does not require added calcium-ions for the expression of its prothrombin-converting activity. Calcium ions do, however, affect the catalytic activity of the venom activator. At 2 mM CaCl there is a 2-fold increase of the rate of venom-catalyzed prothrombin activation. However, at higher CaCl concentrations there is a gradual decrease of the activity of the venom activator. Gelelectro-phoretic analysis of prothrombin activation indicated that the venom activator only cleaved the Arg 323-Ile 324 bond of bovine prothrombin since meizothrombin was the only product of prothrombin activation. The activator did not hydrolyze the chromogenic substrates S2222, S2337, S2238, S2366, S2302 or chromozym TH and its prothrombin converting activity was not inhibited by benza-midine, phenylmethylsulfonylfluoride, dansyl-glu-gly-arg-chloro-methylketone and soybean trypsin inhibitor. However, chelating agents such as EDTA, EGTA and o-phenanthroline strongly inhibited the enzymatic activity of the venom activator. The activity of chelator-treated venom activator could, however, be restored by the addition of an excess CaCl . These results indicate that the enzyme from Bothrops neuwidi does not belong to the serine proteases but has the properties of a metal proteinase. Thus, the activator differs remarkably from Factor Xa, but strongly resembles the prothrombin activator from the venom of Echis carinatus, both structurally and functionally.
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Patiño, Ricardo, David Salazar-Valenzuela, Evencio Villamizar, Noroska Mogollón, Carolina Proaño-Bolaños, and José Almeida. "Comparative study of biochemical composition and enzymatic activity of Bothrops atrox venom." In MOL2NET 2019, International Conference on Multidisciplinary Sciences, 5th edition. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mol2net-05-06381.

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Rivabem Grillo, Giovanna, LJUBICA TASIC, and Roney Vander Dos Santos. "Serine protease from Bothrops asper snake venom and its inhibition in the presence of hesperitin." In XXV Congresso de Iniciação Cientifica da Unicamp. Campinas - SP, Brazil: Galoa, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.19146/pibic-2017-77913.

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Almeida, Thais Heloise da Silva, Paulo Ricardo Romão Monteiro, Victor Felipe da Silva Araújo, Jeine Emanuele dos Santos Marliete Maria Soares da Silva Silva, José Ferreira da Silva-Neto, George Chaves Jimenez, and Joaquim Evêncio-Neto. "ESTUDO DA TOXICIDADE DA PEÇONHA DE Bothrops jararaca SOBRE A MEMBRANA CELULAR DE Saccharomyces cerevisiae." In Encontro Anual da biofisica 2019. São Paulo: Editora Blucher, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/biofisica2019-54.

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Messias, Elisa Alves, Flavia Coltri Eguchi, Bruna Pereira Sorroche, Angela Das Neves Oliveira, Lidia Maria Rebolho Batista Arantes, Ana Carolina De Carvalho, Anita mitico tanaka Azevedo, Kathleen Fernandes Grego, Matias Eliseo Melendez, and Andre Lopes Carvalho. "Abstract A60: Full-length transcripts identification from deep transcriptomic analysis of Bothrops jararaca venom gland." In Abstracts: AACR International Conference held in cooperation with the Latin American Cooperative Oncology Group (LACOG) on Translational Cancer Medicine; May 4-6, 2017; São Paulo, Brazil. American Association for Cancer Research, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1557-3265.tcm17-a60.

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D'Amélio, Fernanda, Irina Kerkis, Hugo Barros, Álvaro Silva, Eduardo Frare, Isabel Batista, and Daniel Pimenta. "<em>Bothrops moojeni</em> venom: a new tool to investigate osteoclasts differentiation." In 1st International Electronic Conference on Toxins. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iect2021-09136.

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