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Moalosi, Richie. "The impact of socio-cultural factors upon human-centred design in Botswana." Queensland University of Technology, 2007. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16353/.
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This thesis explores the relationship between culture and human-centred design in Botswana, a topic on which there is little previous research. The pinnacle of good product innovation is when it is grounded on sensitive cultural analysis of users' culture; however, it has been observed that designers have not yet been able to encode cultural phenomena to the same extent as cognitive and physical human factors. The study develops a theoretical framework of cultural analysis, comparing traditional with contemporary socio-cultural factors that can be applied to designing products. The content analysis method was used to extract and synthesise traditional and contemporary socio-cultural factors from Botswana's cultural sources. An experimental study was undertaken in Botswana to investigate how socio-cultural factors can be integrated in product design, and the participants' challenge was to transfer and apply these into product features that reflect Botswana's culture. This data was analysed using the qualitative method of textual and visual content analysis. A culture-orientated design model has been proposed to assist designers to consciously integrate culture in their design practice. The framework demonstrates how to specify, analyse and integrate socio-cultural factors in the early stages of the design process by advancing local thought, content and solutions. It advances a new approach to design education, theory, research and practice. It emerged that culture can be used as a resource of information and a source of inspiration for product innovation that connects with users' traditions. The research findings show that culture-orientated products have meaningful content that reflects users' lifestyles as well as providing them with symbolic personal, social and cultural values, and that these aspects facilitate product acceptance.
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Mothusi, Bashi. "Public sector seforms and managing change in Botswana: The case of Performance Management System (PMS)." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1213282797.
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Gapa, Angela. "Escaping the Resource Curse: The Sources of Institutional Quality in Botswana." FIU Digital Commons, 2013. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1019.
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Botswana has recently garnered analytic attention as an anomaly of the “resource curse” phenomenon. Worldwide, countries whose economies are highly skewed towards a dependence on the export of non-renewable natural resources such as oil, diamonds and uranium, have been among the most troubled, authoritarian, poverty-stricken and conflict-prone; a phenomenon widely regarded as the “resource curse". The resource curse explains the varying fortunes of countries based on their resource wealth, with resource-rich countries faring much worse than their resource-poor counterparts. However, Botswana, with diamond exports accounting for 50percent of government revenues and 80percent of total exports, has achieved one of the fastest economic growth rates in the developing world in the last 50 years. Furthermore, the Freedom House ranks it as the safest, most stable, least corrupt and most democratic country on sub-Saharan Africa.
In attempting to answer why Botswana apparently escaped the “resource curse”, this research assumes that both formal and informal institutions within the state acted as intermediary variables in determining its fortune. This research thus addresses the deeper question of where Botswana obtained its unique institutional quality that facilitated its apparent escape of the resource curse. It traces Botswana’s history through four lenses: legitimacy and historical continuity, political culture, ethnicity and identity management, and external relations; as having explanatory value in understanding the Botswana exception.
The research finds most evidence of Botswana’s institutional quality emanating from the country’s political culture which it found more compatible with the institutions of development and democracy that facilitate both positive economic and political outcomes. It also found evidence of legitimacy and historical continuity facilitating the robustness of both formal and informal institutions in Botswana, and identity management through assimilation as having buffered against the effects of ethnically motivated resource plunder. It however, found the least support for the assertion that external relations contributed to institutional quality.
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Mwale, K. P. "Culture, heritage and the politics of identity in national and tribal spaces : the city and the traditional village in Botswana." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2018. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/20762/.
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Studies into architecture in Botswana posit that architecture in the capital city- Gaborone is a result of the imposition of British culture received through the historical conditions of colonisation and independence. This study seeks to go beyond this generalisation by examining architecture in Botswana, grounded in the construction of national and ethnic cultural identities, a sense of history, the idea of culture and its implication on space. It explores the relationship between identity politics and architecture. It traces various postcolonial identity-making practices in the city and traditional villages, which I argue, reveal a scenario whereby identities are re-interpreted and re-inscribed as part of the process of postcolonial manifestations of identities in space. Gaborone was planned as a capital city during the transition to self-rule and was envisioned as a mirror image of a nation, this process involved a search for postcolonial national identity and nation-building imperative. By analysing the archival documents and case study material on the city's planning legacy in relation to the socio-political context, I argue that these material facts provide a lens through which the representative spaces of the nation and state can be critically examined. I suggest that the process of envisioning the city is far more complex and nuanced than it is usually portrayed in literature, and it entails the negotiation between design professionals, the extant Tswana political elite, and colonial administrative officers. The study traces the persistence of national identity construction within the post-colonial period in the urban spaces. It illustrates that the spaces provide a platform where the national ii culture and identity is being formed, promoted, legitimised and consumed through national institutions and cultural activities such as markets and performances. In contrast, the recent ethnic cultural consciousness amongst ethnic communities presents a contrasting case of the construction of culturally derived identities. The analysis of the historic core of the village traces how the ethnic group of Bakgatla is constructing their own cultural spaces by examining historical and cultural landscapes of the Phuthadikobo cultural precinct and the Moruleng cultural precinct. The study argues that the built environment in postcolonial Botswana should be examined in connection with the wider socio-political changes; in this regard, the study draws theoretical insights from cultural studies, colonial, nationalism and postcolonial studies. It makes a contribution to the recent literature on architecture in postcolonial countries, which seeks to go beyond the perspective of colonial power representation as domination, but the constant negotiation between actors and practices. Additionally, it contributes to the conceptualisation of architecture and urbanism in relation to the construction of identities and meaning.
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Tabane, Elizabeth Mamatle. "The influence of cultural practices of Batswana people in relation to the transmission of HIV/AIDS in Botswana." Thesis, Pretoria : [s.n.], 2003. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-09282004-103250.
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Arnesson, Malin. "A business network analysis of the Botswana tourism industry : – Putting local ground operators relationships with foreign tour operators in the centre." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för marknadsföring (MF), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-35900.
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Purpose: This study aims to (1) describe and analyse the local ground operator’s role in the network of the Botswana tourism industry, (2) to investigate what factors characterize and influence their relationships with foreign tour operators, as well as (3) to provide implications for improving these relations. Methodology: This study has been conducted as a case study, where the empirical data was collected during a two months field trip to Botswana. A qualitative research method, and a deductive approach has been used. Five semi-structured interviews were conducted with ground operators to get their perspective of their own situation, and one with a person representing a governmental organisation. Most data was collected through the interviews, but participating observation also served as a source of information. The validity and reliability of the study has been enhanced by defining core concepts, interviewing several respondents, using an interview guide and recording most of the interviews. Results: Local ground operators play are crucial role in the network of Botswana’s tourism industry, as they are engaged in a high number of business relationships, are bringing the services at the destination together, and are connecting them to the tourists. They play a role as both customers and suppliers. Their relationship to tour operators abroad consists of a lot of resource ties, activity links as well as some actor bonds. Trust is found to be a very essential part of the relationship, and they perceive themselves as being dependent on the tour operators. Culture is not identified as a major influencing factor. As for managerial recommendations, a better communication in expectations and an increased adaptation of products and processes, to create customer dependence, are among the results advised.
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Moagi-Gulubane, Sophie M. "Predictors of dating violence among Batswana [i.e. Botswana] college students : a multivariate cross-cultural analysis." Virtual Press, 2003. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1266038.
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This study used multiple regression analysis to determine which of the Riggs and O'Leary's (1989) background-situational model variables best predict the pattern of dating violence in heterosexual Batswana college students' relationships. The background variables included in the study are (a) exposure to interparental violence, (b) gender-role attitudes, and (c) acceptance of aggression as a response to conflict. One situational variable-the partner's use of aggression is included in this study. This situational variable was included because of its central role in the background-situational model and because Riggs and O'Leary (1989) identified it as a potentially important situational predictor of dating aggression. Although the variables selected for use in this study are far from exhaustive, the use of restricted models has been identified as a useful heuristic in the study of interpartner aggression (O'Leary, 1988). The use of multiple regression procedures in this study can be expected to yield a more comprehensive understanding of the factors that are associated with the likelihood of Batswana college students to engage in dating violence. It also permits for the study of the predictive power of variables within the context of other more or less powerful predictors.The study's sample were 135 female and 118 male undergraduate students recruited from a university in Botswana. Participants ranged in age from 18 to 25 years old, were unmarried, were involved in a heterosexual dating relationship or had been involved in one such relationship in the past. Participants completed a set of questionnaires, including the revised Conflict Tactics Scales, the parents' version of the Conflict Tactics Scales, the partners' version of the Conflict Tactics Scales, the Attitudes Toward Women Scale, and the Attitudes About Dating Violence Scale. The combination of exposure to interparental violence, gender-role attitudes, acceptance of aggression as a response to conflict, and partners use of aggression, with demographic variables held constant, was significant and accounted for 89% of the variance in participants' perpetration of dating violence. Results indicated that partner's use of violence is a strong predictor of dating violence perpetration. Implications from this study are offered.Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services
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Daniel, Marguerite. "Hidden wounds : orphanhood, expediency and cultural silence in Botswana." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.423475.
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Flovén, Wenche. "We all love this country : White Batswana in urban Botswana." Thesis, Uppsala University, Cultural Anthropology, 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-3667.
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Disele, Potlako Lilian Peoesele. "A social and cultural study of traditional dress in contemporary Botswana." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.593888.
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Maundeni, Zibani. "Development and the developmental state : a comparative analysis of Botswana and Zimbabwe." Thesis, University of York, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.323505.
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Rabatoko, Matheanoga Fana. "San indigenous songs as cultural heritage for inclusion in Botswana music education programmes." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/65599.
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Botswana is a heterogeneous society and therefore the elements of dualism as well as cultural pluralism should be reflected in social institutions such as schools. The Naro of D’Kar are among the few minority ethnic San groups in Botswana still practicing their indigenous songs. While the government is positively continuing to implement the recommendations of the 1994 Revised National Policy on Education, this study explored Naro music, songs and dances to find possible ways in which these intangible elements of cultural heritage could be included in the music education curriculum. A qualitative ethnomusicological approach was applied in order to provide a systematic and scientific description of the contextual and cultural aspects of Naro music practices. Participants were purposively selected as indigenous culture bearers, including both adults and children. Focus groups as well as semi-structured individual interviews contributed to rich data gathering. Moreover, an extended period of field work allowed opportunities to observe various groups of Naro participating in music, song and dance activities, leading to an in-depth perspective of the research problem. All interviews and observations were audio- or video-recorded. An interpretative data analysis strategy was employed to identify themes. Findings reveal the rich cultural heritage of the Naro of D’Kar and how this is entrenched in their indigenous songs and dances. The purpose of Naro songs are closely linked to spiritual and physical healing rituals. Data analysis unveiled four broad categories in which Naro songs and dances may be classified namely songs for worship; songs for initiation; songs for social commentary; and lastly a broad category of songs for thanksgiving, recreation, hunting and children’s playsongs. The documenting, transcribing and audio/video-recording of Naro songs as performed in their original context and setting, add valuable resources which music teachers can use to facilitate inclusion of Naro music in the Botswana curriculum. This may lead to a paradigm shift in policy development whereby principles of Multicultural Music Education (MME) are embraced. Learners are envisaged to acquire knowledge and understanding of a broader society as well as an appreciation of their own cultural heritage including language, traditions, songs, ceremonies, customs, social norms and a sense of citizenship.Dissertation (MMus)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
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Tabulawa, Richard Tjombe. "A socio-cultural analysis of geography classroom practice in Botswana senior secondary schools." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.422406.
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Africa is replete with examples of 'borrowed' curriculum innovations that have failed to be institutionalised. This failure has largely been rationalised in terms of technical problems associated with innovation delivery systems. By adopting a technicist stance toward problems of curriculum change curriculum developers in Developing Countries have paid scant attention to the fact that innovations are necessarily social constructions, and as such are not value-neutral. Their transfer from one socio-cultural context to another, therefore, is bound to be problematic. For a transferred innovation to be institutionalised in its host (new) environment values embedded in it need to be congruent with the values and past experiences of those who are expected to adopt it or else tissue rejection (Hoyle, 1970) will occur. In this thesis the above concern is addressed within the context of pedagogical proposals made in the report, Education for Kagisano (Social Harmony),(1977), mainly that teachers in Botswana public secondary schools should adopt a leamercentred pedagogy. Classroom research in Botswana, however, indicates that this has not happened. This thesis, therefore, is an attempt to explain why teachers appear to have rejected the proposed pedagogy. Rather than adopting a technicist stance in this endeavour, here we adopt a socio-cultural approach in which we recognise the social nature of pedagogical styles. From this premise we then argue that adopti~~., or rejection of pedagogical innovations is also a function of the sociocultural context in " which an attempt to implement the former is being made. Basically, the thesis has two facets; the theoretical and the empirical. At a theoretical level we argue that leamer-centred pedagogy is incongruent with Tswana social structure. In the context of Botswana, therefore, the former may be perceived as 'foreign' by teachers, students and parents. We illustrate this incongruence by analysing Tswana child-rearing practices, demonstrating that these promote in children a 'dependent' mode of thinking which they carry to the classroom as their cultural baggage. It is this mode of thinking that structures teachers' and students' classroom practices leading to authoritarian classroom relationships and teaching style. Analysis of the historical evolution of formal education in Botswana also demonstrates that it (education) has always been authoritarian in practice. Educational practice in Botswana, therefore, appears to be based on Freire's 'banking' theory of education. The latter characterises the 'immunological condition' of Botswana's public educational system and constitutes the teachers' and students' taken-for-granted classroom world. Analysis of the leamer-centred pedagogy, however, shows that it is epistemologically different from the banking theory ofeducation. For this reason the introduction of the former in Botswana public schools might constitute radical, de-stabilising and de-skilling, change. This may only be expected to lead to the teachers' and students' rejection of the proposed pedagogy. It is against this theoretical position that the empirical aspect of the study is carried out. By employing an interpretive approach (and through the medium of geography teaching) we attempt to map out the nature of teaching/learning patterns in two contrasting schools in Botswana, and to understand the meanings teachers and students attach to the observed patterns. The ultimate aim is to understand the implications these meanings and assumptions have for pedagogical change. The study'S findings reveal that geography classroom practices in the two schools differ markedly. Teachers' and students' classroom practical knowledge in the two schools appears to be informed by their utilitarian view of schooling, the view of the nature of knowledge they hold, teachers' perceptions of their students' social background, and the schools' organisational structures. These are aspects of the socio-cultural context which, in the case of public schooling in Botswana, appear as 'stabilised elements' or structures which lead to the production and reproduction of an authoritarian pedagogical style in schools. To break this reproductive cycle, therefore, demands more than just technical solutions. It also demands that educators and curriculum developers reassess and question their basic assumptions about knowledge and human nature. This would have important implications for teacher education. To facilitate the institutionalisation of a learner-centred pedagogy in the schools structural changes in the educational system are also essential. There is need to localise external examinations and empower teachers by democratising curriculum development and decision making. To facilitate this, decentralisation of the educational system is essential. Democratising educational practice in Botswana should be seen in the context of a country committed to democratic social and political values. The classroom has a role to play in this respect
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Johnson, Adrienne Filippa. "A historical and cultural analysis of visual arts development in Botswana : four creative learning environments." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.495016.
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This research investigates the creative learning environments of four visual arts groups" in Botswana "in order to address the extent to which the post-colonial context, within education, has nurtured or destroyed diversities of African expression. Creative learning experiences, informal, non-formal and formal, of approximately thirty-six visual artists and their 'educators', 'facilitators' and 'managers' are analyzed to address key issues through four themes: Creativity, Tradition, Arts and Spirituality and Authenticity. These investigate the ways in which skills have been acquired since independence and the extent to which artists' creative expressions continue to reflect some of the interrelationships identified between arts and life that have traditionally been integral within their own sociocultural environments.
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Smith, Stephanie. "Assessing the process of researching a sensitive subject in a cross-cultural setting, an example from Botswana." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ55718.pdf.
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Tshitswana, Dintle S. "Batswana cultural beliefs and practices implications for methods of care for AIDS orphans and other vulnerable children in Botswana /." Ohio : Ohio University, 2003. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1082143462.
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Tshitswana, Dintle. "Tswana Cultural Beliefs and Practices – Implications for Methods of Care for AIDS Orphans and Other Vulnerable Children in Botswana." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1082143462.
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Apelian, Nicole M. "Restorative Ecotourism as a Solution to Intergenerational Knowledge Retention| An Exploratory Study with Two Communities of San Bushmen in Botswana." Thesis, Prescott College, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3587045.
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The Khoisan are the most genetically ancient people on Earth, with a population once numbering 300,000. The Bushmen of Southern Africa are quickly losing their 40,000 years of indigenous knowledge due to colonialism, globalization, modernization, assimilation, land loss, and marginalization. There are now large gaps in generational knowledge, especially as people move into settlements and leave their traditional homelands. The restoration of indigenous knowledge requires the paths of intergenerational cultural transmission to be reestablished (Florey, 2009). This dissertation examines whether indigenous knowledge can be perpetuated intergenerationally with the aid of indigenous-based restorative ecotourism. Indigenous-based restorative ecotourism promotes empowerment and local engagement, is responsive to local value systems, and aims to halt marginalization in communities. Using exploratory research within a qualitative paradigm and ethnographic narrative inquiry and semi-structured interviews, I examine the effect of ecotourism on two communities of Nharo and Ju/'hoansi Bushmen through two questions: 1) How has ecotourism changed these two communities and 2) Can restorative ecotourism support intergenerational knowledge retention? The data show that these Nharo and Ju/'hoansi Bushmen want to keep their culture, that they see value in the intergenerational transmission of indigenous knowledge, and that this is happening in both communities involved in ecotourism ventures. I conclude that this system of ecotourism is culturally restorative, and leads to increased indigenous knowledge retention in these communities without further exploitation.
Keywords – San Bushmen, Nharo, Botswana, indigenous knowledge, intergenerational knowledge, restorative ecotourism, cultural tourism
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Lundberg, Evelyn. "In the tension between the local and the global : A field study about organizational and cultural challenges faced by NGO:s working with orphans and vulnerable children in Gaborone; Botswana." Thesis, Hälsohögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, HHJ, Avd. för beteendevetenskap och socialt arbete, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-31008.
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The HIV and AIDS epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa calls a great national and global response in order to face the challenges associated with the illness for the individual, households, community and future of nations. The disease has led to an increased number of orphans and other vulnerable children in Botswana where the non-governmental organizations stand for social service delivery to these children. However, this is not without challenges and pressure for adaption from other organizations. The NGO staff members carry out their work within this organizational context between a variety of influences and relations that are reflected in terms of challenges they define. A wide range of strategies are used by the actors and organizations to deal with these barriers. Therefore, it is of importance to explore the NGO staff member’s experiences of their work in relation to an institutional perspective, which this study intends to do. The focus of the analysis was on separating the material into categories that answer the research aim by using influences from the coding process of grounded theory. The results demonstrated that the NGOs work within local and global tensions in their organizational fields including the ability to preserve traditional practices and adapt to international changes. This for the organizations to be able to gain legitimacy, receive funds and continue to provide their services to orphans and other vulnerable children in the country.HIV och AIDS-epidemin i subsahariska Afrika kräver en omfattande nationell och global respons för att möta de utmaningar som är förknippade med sjukdomen för individen, hushåll, samhället och nationers framtid. Sjukdomen har lett till ett ökat antal föräldralösa och andra utsatta barn i Botswana där icke-statliga organisationer står för utförande av sociala tjänster och vård till dessa barn. Detta är dock inte utan utmaningar och påtryckningar om anpassning från andra organisationer. De icke-statliga organisationernas personal utför sitt arbete inom detta organisatoriska sammanhang mellan en mängd olika influenser och relationer som återspeglas i utmaningar vilka de definierar. Ett brett utbud av strategier används av de aktörer och organisationer för att ta itu med dessa hinder. Därför är det av vikt att utforska icke-statliga organisationer och specifikt personalens erfarenheter av sitt arbete i förhållande till ett institutionellt perspektiv, vilket denna studie avser att göra. Fokus för analysen var att separera materialet i kategorier som svarar på syftet genom att använda influenser från kodningsprocessen av ”grundad teori”. Resultatet visade att organisationerna arbetar inom lokala och globala spänningar i deras organisatoriska fält, inkluderande en vilja att bevara traditionella sedvänjor men samtidigt anpassa sig till internationella förändringar. Detta för att de icke-statliga organisationerna ska kunna uppnå legitimitet, få finansiering och fortsätta att tillhandahålla sina tjänster till föräldralösa och utsatta barn i landet.
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Mongeon, Mylène. "Improvising Knowledge: A Case Study of Practices in and Around World Spine Care's Evidence-based Clinics in Shoshong and Mahalapye, Botswana." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/34972.
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Global health organizations attend to populations around the world applying an evidence-based model of care that often does not correspond with local realities on the ground. My thesis provides an in-depth anthropological study of how this occurs within practices in and around World Spine Care's (WSC) clinics in Shoshong and Mahalapye, Botswana. More specifically I explore how knowledge is negotiated and improvised on the ground, paying particular attention to the ways WSC volunteers are (un)able to work with local health workers as they desire. I show the flows and counter-flows implicated in the difficult task of reconciling skills with standards. The study is based on a total of 15 months of participation with WSC's organization through attending meetings, activities and shadowing practitioners both in Ottawa and in Botswana. Expanding the scope of their creative improvisational skills beyond the closed settings of WSC clinics is proposed as a way to move forward.
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Källberg, Christoffer. "Catch up if you can : A comparative study of institutional and economic development." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Social Sciences, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-2402.
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This thesis examines the correlation between economic growth and the prevalence of a number of institutions that according to a theory elaborated by economists Christer Gunnarsson and Mauricio Rojas are growth promoting. The economic development and the institutional quality of four African countries, namely Botswana, Zambia, Mozambique and Guinea-Bissau, is examined by comparing index scores for relevant institutional factors. The results show that some correlation between economic growth and the prevalence of the institutions examined can be confirmed, why the theory only gains moderate support. A minor attempt is also made to trace potential correlations between the level of economic equality and the institutions in question, but no correlation is found in this respect.
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Mufanebadza, Justice Mufson. "The relationship between organisational culture and employee job satisfaction within the Botswana construction industry." Thesis, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/10539/24193.
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This research report was submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science (Building) in Project Management to the Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, School of Construction Economics and Management at the University of the Witwatersrand
, 2017Problem Statement: Organisational culture determines employee remuneration, opportunities for promotion, interaction between employees and their job in general. It has a potential to affect the degree to which employees are satisfied with their jobs. If the impact is negative, this will create a problem of low employee morale, reduced performance, and hence low production levels. If this effect is positive, this may boost the morale of employees and increase performance and production. It is, therefore, important to understand the relationship between organisational culture and employee job satisfaction to maximize the benefits and reduce the negative impact. Purpose: The aim of this research was to find out if the prevailing organisational culture has an influence on employee job satisfaction with specific reference to the Botswana construction industry. The objectives of the research were to establish the prevailing and preferred organisational cultures, establish employee job satisfaction, and determine the relationship between organisational culture and employee job satisfaction. Methodology: Focusing on the Botswana construction industry and using a cross sectional study, two concurrent surveys were conducted to collect quantitative data for organisational culture and employee job satisfaction from three construction organisations selected to represent small, medium, and large organisations. Findings: The prevailing organisational culture in all the three organisations was found to be the market culture. The clan culture was found to be the preferred organisational culture in two of the organisations (the medium and large). The hierarchy culture was found to be the preferred organisational culture in the small organisation. Despite employees preferring different cultures (clan and hierarchy) to the prevailing culture (market), employees were generally satisfied with their current jobs, suggesting that there might be no relationship between organisational culture and employee job satisfaction and pointing to the possible existence of a third variable. Implications: The market culture which was found to be prevailing in all the three organisations is characterised by aggressive competition and a focus on winning a share of the market. This indicated that the construction industry was reacting to the current harsh economic conditions by adopting an aggressive survival strategy. By rejecting the prevailing market culture, employees might have felt neglected since the market culture does not focus on employees. Employees remained satisfied with their current jobs despite rejecting the prevailing organisational culture and this might be an indication that jobs are not available leaving employees with no option but to like the only jobs which they have.
MT2018
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Ngomi, Kayenda Bruce. "A culture-congruent male-circumcision model for HIV-infection prevention." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/18903.
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Research studies have revealed that male circumcision (MC) reduces the transmission of HIV infection from infected women to circumcised men by up to 60% (UNAIDS 2007:2), hence the adoption of MC as an HIV-infection prevention strategy by the United Nations (WHO 2007:2). Botswana, a sub-Saharan African (SSA) country, has HIV as a leading health and developmental challenge. The government adopted male circumcision as one of the strategies to combat the infection. Apparently, not all tribes in Botswana practise male circumcision as part of their culture. The purpose of this study was to develop and describe a model for HIV-infection prevention using MC. Three theory-generating research objectives were used to develop the model, namely to explore and describe perceptions of men regarding the use of MC, to develop and describe a model for MC service delivery, and to develop and describe guidelines for service providers to facilitate delivery of MC. A theory-generating research design which is qualitative, exploratory, descriptive, and contextual was used to develop the model in three phases.
Phase 1 involved concept identification, concept definition, and concept classification. Data was collected using focus group discussions and individual in-depth interviews among 38 men aged 18-49 years and analysed according to recommendations made by Tesch (1990), as cited in Creswell (2009:186). Four themes emerged in the study, namely perceived effects on values, perceived source and provision of information, perceived knowledge of benefits of male circumcision, and perceived risks of male circumcision. The concept of “culture congruence” was derived from the themes as the main concept for the development of a “culture-congruent MC model for HIV prevention”.
Phase 2 involved a description of the structure and the process of the model, by organising the concepts in relation to one another. The model was also evaluated.
Phase 3 of the model involved the development of guidelines to support health service providers to provide MC services in a culture-congruent way in preventing HIV infection.
Recommendations made were incorporation of transcultural health care instruction in nursing and medicine curricula, research on secondary audiences, such as women, and application of a culture-congruent MC model among diverse cultures.Health Studies
D. Litt. et Phil. (Health Studies)
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Lionjanga, Reginah. "The cultural beliefs and practices amongst urban antenatal Botswana women." Thesis, 2014.
Find full textAbstract:
The purpose of this non-experimental descriptive study was to identify the cultural
beliefs and practices surrounding pregnancy. The study aims at collecting data which
will function as baseline information on cultural beliefs and practices surrounding
pregnancy. The study was conducted in the city of Francistown, the second largest to
the capital of Botswana situated in the north-east. A structured interview guide with
both open and close-ended questions was used to collect data from 230 pregnant
women who were 18 years of age and above and who were willing to participate. The
data was processed on computer and a statistical software package known as
Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used. The study revealed that
pregnant women used a combination of care givers which either included a modem
midwife and an elderly woman at church or a modem midwife and a traditional
midwife. This is done in order to follow the traditional and cultural beliefs
surrounding pregnancy and childbirth. The majority (92.2%) of the antenatal women
in this study had primary and secondary education but still follow their cultural
beliefs and practices, thus education does not appear to influence cultural beliefs and
practices. The most common reasons cited for adhering to the beliefs and practices
were that defiance was a taboo punishable by the ancestors. This study has
highlighted the cultural beliefs and practices related to pregnancy. Further in-depth
investigation into the impact of these cultural beliefs and practices is needed as it is
imperative to determine their impact on pregnancy and its outcome. The limitation of
the study was that data was only collected in one city and therefore the results cannot
be generalised to the entire population.
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Henderson, Patricia. "Ideology and the culture appropriation of the past in Mochudi village, Botswana." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/18171.
Full textAbstract:
A thesis submitted to the faculty of Arts
University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg,
in fulfilment of the requirements for the
Decree of Waster of Arts.
Johannesburg 1981This dissertation is a descriptive study of ideology and the different cultural appropriations of the past or of traditional values in Yochudi village, Botswana. The status and meaning of traditional values in relation to the emerging class structures in third world countries and in relation to social change in general has long heen neclected or one-sidedly interpreted. Yochudi, the large capital village of the Rakoatla people with a population of approximately 20 000, was chosen for an area of study in this field because it constituted a community characterised on the one hand by the ossification of traditional modes of production, and on the other by an entrenched migrant labour situation. It was particularly within this socio-economic context that traditional values were to he assessed. The methods employed in the assessment of these values included participant observation, interviews, collection of case histories, collection of songs and poetry, a questionnaire and the consultation of relevant literature. Major conclusions which were reached in the dissertation were firstly, the fact that traditional values continue to be of importance to most sectors of the population. These values, however, cannot be rigidly associated with any particular emerging class or class fraction. Rather traditional values are appropriated differently by all groups. For example the Government utilizes traditional conceptions to legitimize its position. Other villagers on the other hand, use these ideas to criticize Government policy. The appropriation of traditional ideas is further complicated by the internalization of a colonial negative self-concept on the part of other villagers. In this instance tradition and the mast are negated and the ways of Sekgoa* or the typifications of the ways of the white man are emulated and exalted. Apart from these conflicts which cut right across the society there also exists an inter-generational conflict which manifests itself in ideological discourse in the following way. Young people are at pains to negate the past in the hope of entering a modernized way of life. Older people on the other hand, having fully experienced the limitations involved in the migrant labour situation, insist that the village provides ultimate security and they therefore uphold traditional values. This negation of the past on the part of the young is accompanied by their exodus to the cities in Botswana and South Africa. Given the fact that this study is confined to one particular village in Botswana, it is not possible to generalize its findings on a larger scale to Botswana as a whole. However it has attempted to isolate specific problems and areas for study. Also insofar as the village is situated within a general social context and is subject to general social and economic forces, the study is not without relevance to Botswana as a whole. *Sekoga literally means "the ways of the English". The term implies the so-called "way of life" and cultural horizon of the "white man".
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Born, Jacob Bryan. ""Promise of power" : an analysis of Bible Life Ministries in Botswana." Diss., 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/15547.
Full text
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Kgwatalala, Gomotsang. "Health Seeking Behaviour among the People of the Africa Gospel Church in Francistown." Diss., 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1555.
Full textAbstract:
This research was stimulated by an indication that members of the Africa Gospel Church do not utilise professional health care services optimally, probably due to religious reasons. This may also be the result of registered nurses’ inability to render culture congruent care. To render culture congruent care, nurses require knowledge of the belief system and the health seeking behaviours of the church members.
The qualitative research investigated the religious beliefs and health seeking behaviours of members of the Africa Gospel Church in Francistown, Botswana. An exploratory ethnonursing research method was applied. Semi-structured interviews were held with two purposively selected samples. Qualitative data analysis was done using computer software to reduce data and interpret the research results.
The study indicated that members utilise the Church structure for health care purposes and seek health care mainly from priests and prophets.Advanced Nursing Sciences
M.A. (Nursing Science)
28
Makambe, Ushe. "Role of knowledge management enablers in facilitating knowledge management practices in selected private higher education institutions in Botswana." Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/23222.
Full textAbstract:
This research was set out to investigate the role of knowledge management as a coping strategy for PHE institutions in Botswana, especially given that they operate in a highly regulated environment. One of the major drivers of volatility in the educational sector is
intensely volatile regulatory environment in which the institutions operate. Further, a large portion of the stakeholder community of these institutions hold a strong believe that these institutions offer poor quality education to maximise profit. The primary objective of this
study is therefore to determine the role of knowledge management (KM) enablers in facilitating KM practices in selected PHE institutions in Botswana that operate in this highly regulated environment and to develop a model for effective KM in these institutions. The study adopted a survey research design and collected quantitative data through a structured self-administered questionnaire and document reviews. The subjects comprised all five degree-awarding PHE institutions, which were strictly regulated by the Tertiary
Education Council (TEC). The population surveyed came to 670 and sample size was 350. Data was analysed through various statistical measures such as Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) in the form of Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), multiple regression analysis, and Chi-square test. The results of the study revealed that KM enablers were playing an insignificant role in facilitating KM practices in selected PHE institutions in Botswana. Results of the study can be generalised to similar institutions elsewhere operating in similar environments. In order to enhance KM practices in PHE institutions, it is recommended that the institutions adopt a systematic approach to KM, establish an organisational culture and structure that promote KM practices, and enhance the quality of their human capital including leadership. It should be noted that the state of KM in organisations operating in an uncertain environment can be enhanced if the leadership carefully controls the family-owned setting and organisational culture as these factors can detract from the organisation’s effective practising of KM. However, strategic leadership, organisational structure, and the role played by stakeholders played positive deterministic factors in ensuring an enhanced KM drive.Business Management
D.Admin. (Business Management)
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Sekoto, Tumelano. "Assessment of knowledge and attitudes towards health research among nurses working in public health facilities in Botswana." Diss., 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/27116.
Full textAbstract:
Nurses as professionals and front-liners in patient care should possess good knowledge about health research, as this is critical in improving patient outcomes. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of knowledge and attitudes that public health clinic nurses possess regarding health research in Botswana in order to make recommendations to enhance a research culture among nurses. A quantitative study with a cross-sectional study design was used. Twenty-six clinics in Gaborone were sampled and 168 nurses participated in the survey. Data was analysed using Stata version 15.1. Only 51% of the nurses demonstrated satisfactory knowledge of health research. Despite this limited knowledge, nurses had a good attitude towards health research (66%). Degree nurses were more likely to have satisfactory knowledge, as were those who reported research training and experience. Additionally, research training and experience were associated with a good attitude. Recommendations include provision of research training and practicums as part of the nursing education curriculum, as well as in-service training, in order to improve the levels of knowledge of health research among nurses.Health Studies
M. P. H.
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Born, Jacob Bryan. ""Worlds of the spirit" : exploring african spiritual and new pentecostal church relations in Botswana." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/3306.
Full textAbstract:
Similar to other countries in southern Africa, the relationship between African Spiritual Churches and New Pentecostal Churches in Botswana has been characterized by considerable tension and mutual distrust. Although both movements highlight the third person of the Trinity, the Spirit of God, their followers view the world around them very differently. This study has investigated the relationship between these two types of churches by focusing on their efforts to produce unique ideologies of spiritual power in relation to the two major ideologies in the Botswana context, namely the reified Setswana worldview and the globalizing forces of Western modernity.
In order to provide a careful analysis of the relationship between these movements, two churches from each group were chosen as representatives. The Hermon Church and Revelation Blessed Peace Church served as examples for the African Spiritual Churches, while Goodnews Ministries and Bible Life Ministries were the New Pentecostal subjects. Primary research methods included interviews with church leadership, questionnaires for members of each church and participant observation. Church origins, biblical hermeneutics, healing and deliverance rituals, and approaches to cultures and covenants formed the key areas of study.
Creating unique “worlds of the Spirit” by means of innovative tactics, both types of churches seek to enable their followers to live well as they produce their contextualized ideologies of power. However, even though both movements lay claim to the Spirit of God as their source of power, the distinctive ideologies emerging from their sermons, technologies, rituals and symbols have brought them into conflict with one another. For African Spiritual Churches, the Spirit of God meets people in the midst of life’s struggles, providing healing and wholeness in all relationships. Their willingness to adopt certain elements of the reified Setswana worldview is a major issue in the conflict with New Pentecostal Churches. For New Pentecostals, the Spirit breaks all covenants made in the past, and empowers “born again” believers to succeed in a modern environment filled with opportunities and challenges. The key missiological concern of this study is to explore the unique efforts of these movements to contextualize the gospel message for Botswana.Church Spirituality, Church History and Missiology
D.Th. (Missiology)
31
Gaoboe, Mareko Marcos. "ADAPTING TO SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION THROUGH ARCHITECTURE: AN INTEGRATED COMMUNITY HUB FOR MOSHUPA VILLAGE, BOTSWANA." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10222/14070.
Full textAbstract:
The thesis explores the role of Architecture in enhancing a sustainable rural livelihood in Botswana. Moshupa village is analyzed and assessed to create an alternative, self-sustainable model for rural development that can add value to the local economy, by fostering self-reliance, capacity building and empowerment.
Through the design of an Integrated Community Hub for Moshupa, the thesis attempts to embrace the changing dynamics of a village. It explores strategies that would inject life into the village making it a desirable place for younger generations and women to live, similar to what is currently achievable in towns and cities. Most importantly, the design principles and guidelines of traditional building techniques are explored through studying spatial habitation and organization. Materiality of built form and study of details are examined in search for an architecture that belongs to a place, by responding to the current economic, cultural, technical and environmental challenges in Botswana.
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Nel, Andre Johann. "Aanpassingsprobleme van Afrikaanssprekende leerders in die internasionale, multikulturele, privaatskole van Botswana (Afrikaans)." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/27931.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this study is to investigate the probable adaptability problems Afrikaans speaking pupils experience in the international, multicultural, private schools of Botswana and how these problems concerning adaptability can have an influence on their academic success. Over the last forty years Botswana has made name for itself as the most stable country in Africa. Here is no dictators craving for power, no poverty because of mismanagement and no violent oppression or unconstitutional behavior visible. On the contrary, since the country became independent in 1966, it only knew the road to prosperity. When the country became independent there was only eight kilometers of tarred road found in the whole of Botswana. Today the main routes don’t have to stand back one step for those found in South Africa. The local currency, the Pula, is stronger than the rand and there is less crime as what is the case in South Africa as well as much less visible poverty. Al the facts mentioned above are only a few reasons why Botswana became an attractive refuge, close but still outside the borders of South Africa, for so many South African citizens. Approximately 80% of all the companies found in the capital, Gaborone have South African roots. Since 1990 the number of South Africans that relocated to Botswana has tripled. Education plays a very important role in the prosperity of Botswana and the country spends in the vicinity of 22% of its annual budget on education. Because of the huge influx of foreigners, especially over the last ten years, a number of international, English medium, private schools were founded. In the past, these English medium schools provided mostly education for foreign learners. The current tendency is however that more and more local learners start attending especially the secondary, private schools because of the international curriculums these schools offer. Afrikaans speaking learners coming from Afrikaans medium schools in South Africa are faced with definite problems concerning adapting when they visit the international, multicultural private schools of Botswana for the first time. The four most important concepts identified in the study were the international education environment of the multicultural, private schools in Botswana, multicultural education, and the concepts culture and milieu-handicapped. The problems concerning adaptability experienced by Afrikaans speaking pupils are mostly found on the social- and cultural domains as well as adapting to the new medium of education. There are several factors, internally as well as externally from the school environment identified which can play a leading role in the successful adaptation of these learners. The social- en psychological development of the child as well as the style of education portrayed by the parents can both play a leading role in the successful adaptation of these learners. Factors that can all contribute to a more or less extend to the successful social adaptation of Afrikaans speaking pupils include the role of the school, community, peer group, church and media. Concerning the successful cultural adaptation of Afrikaans speaking pupils several factors are identified. These include cultural differentiation, cultural integration, cultural continuity, cultural relativity, cultural pluralism, the philosophy of life concerning culture, the economic technical cultural domain, the social welfare cultural domain as well as the spiritual cultural domain. Lastly the study looked at the adaptation regarding the medium of education Afrikaans speaking pupils face. Factors which play a role here include the differences of the language spoken at school, in the home and in the community as well as the influence language and culture have. The successful social- and cultural adaptation and adaptation regarding the medium of education of Afrikaans speaking pupils can all contribute to the successful academic performance of these learners. A poor academic record, limited intellectual possibilities, unfavorable personality characteristics, inadequate study methods as well as school migration can contribute to the successful academic performance of Afrikaans speaking pupils. By means of a comprehensive study of literature the factors which can play a role in the adaptation of Afrikaans speaking pupils in the international, multicultural, private schools are in detail examined and discussed. An empiric investigation, where both the Afrikaans speaking pupils and their parents played a part, was done after the study of literature. The investigation proofs that Afrikaans speaking pupils do suffer from adaptation problems and are mostly experienced in the cultural domain. Continuing research in the field of adaptation problems of Afrikaans speaking pupils, not only in Botswana but globally, should be undertaken. With the huge number of South Africans leaving South Africa this research can be a source of information to both parents and learners alike.Thesis (PhD (Curriculum Studies))--University of Pretoria, 2005.
Curriculum Studies
unrestricted
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"Botswana television (BTV) negotiating control and cultural production in a globalising context : a political economy of media state ownership in Africa." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/2234.
Full textAbstract:
Botswana is considered an exemplary democracy in Africa. It is imperative to
assess how an enviable democracy could flourish when the most widely
available mass media was not independent. The fact is, despite the fact that
media has been at the heart of development in Botswana, it has often been
ignored in local academic and popular discussions about democracy and
governance. A 1994 seminar on the media in a democracy organized by the
Mmegi Publishing Trust (Leepile, 1994), was one of the very few forums where the role of the media in Botswana was given any attention. Even then, most the presentations were not substantive, mainly providing basic information about media institutions in Botswana and laws that protect and threaten freedom of the media. Botswana's contemporary state - media nexus can only be understood within the context of a long history of media dependence and domination by neighbouring South Africa (Zaffiro, 1991) assisted by British colonisation. To appreciate the challenges of cultural production at Botswana Television (BTV) required a study of the problematic encounter between the quest for creative and professional freedom within BTV on the one hand,·and the authoritarian gaze of state power on the other hand. BTV operated under an ill-defined broadcasting model, of a state bureaucratic arm, attempting to fulfil the ethos of public service broadcasting. Through the lens of the Newsroom, in-house productions, commissioning and procurement of foreign and local content, the study shows the subtle ways in which state ownership of the media compromises freedom of expression and freedom of information in Botswana. Yet, Botswana continued to enjoy that status of Africa's exemplar of democracy. Good governance indicators
consistently gave media in Botswana cursory attention, thereby reinforcing state authoritarianism in Botswana. With a media dominated by state power, Botswana still emerged as exemplary. This complicated the quest for the ideal
communication environment towards democratization in the Third World,
particularly in a globalizing context. In situations such as that of Botswana, where the institutions that should protect the media from government control are either absent or weak, universal ideals on media freedom are often not enough. Media practitioners are more likely to find support in the local discourses, repertoires and cultures that call upon all, regardless of status, to tolerate opposition. A local tradition of the kgotla in particular, often heralded as Botswana's indigenous form of democracy, is placed in this chapter, at the heart of much of the freedom, limited as it may be, that BTV enjoyed.Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, 2007.
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Moswela, Bernard. "A school development plan : the role of the school head in Botswana." Thesis, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/17516.
Full textAbstract:
The study was carried out to investigate the role of the secondary school head in
Botswana in respect to four themes, namely: staff development; classroom supervision;
school culture building; and conflict management.
Basically, school development planning was defined as a strategy that can be
employed to improve the teaching and learning processes. This could be achieved by
on-going staff development programmes that equip staff with new knowledge and new
classroom teaching techniques. Details of strategies that could be used to achieve this
were examined and discussed in this thesis.
Two chapters of the literature review were made in this thesis. Chapter II (Part I) made
a direct link between the literature review and the research questions on the main topic
of this thesis. Chapter III (Part II) on the other hand provided, a comparative analysis
of school development planning between Botswana (as the focal point) and the United
Kingdom and Australia (as examples). The analysis was concerned with three issues of: human capacity; budget allocation and its control; and accountability. The inclusion
of this second chapter on the literature analysis was to add weight and to raise the
analytical standard of the thesis.
Closed responses and open-ended questionnaires were used to gather data. A total of
60 respondents comprising heads and teachers from 10 junior and five senior
secondary schools participated in the investigation. Summaries of the findings from
both the empirical and theoretical components for each of the themes are that: • There cannot be development without developing the developer.
• Classroom supervision is essential because it provides the basis for staff
development and subsequently improved teaching.
• School development planning must be a staff co-operative effort leading to the
formation of a sustainable school culture of working teams.
• Conflict is always there in organizations, what is important , however, is for the
administrator to manage it such that it benefits the organization.
Basically, the empirical and theoretical components, supported each other on the
majority of issues.
The United Kingdom and Australia, being developed countries, do not experience the
problems of funding, staffing, and other supportive resources to effectively implement
school development planning to the extent of Botswana.Educational Leadership and Management
D. Ed. (Educational Management)
35
Orapeleng, Galenakgosi. "Chastity among adult Seventh-Day Adventists in Botswana: a psycho-spiritual study." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/620.
Full textAbstract:
Extra-marital affairs seem to be rampant among Seventh-day Adventist adult membership in Botswana. To determine the extent of the problem, to investigate the causative factors and to suggest ways in which individuals and families can be helped, has been the motivation for this study. It was discovered that 11.8% of married adults in the survey had at least one secret sexual partner, and 42.6% of singles had an illegal sexual partner(s). Seventh-day Adventist adults' sexuality in Botswana is characterized by hetero-sexual, multiple partners. Some of the contributing factors are economic, cultural and spiritual. Despite the prevailing influences, the majority of the adults (68%) still disagree with lax sexual behavior. This gives hope to work for their restoration and empowerment. Two key areas that were seen to be critical in empowering them were the family and spirituality. A psycho-spiritual program called, Harmonious Development, is being suggested for a systematic, educational, holistic and lifelong empowerment. This model is based on the psycho-educational theory developed by W.J. Schoeman for adult training.SCH: HUM, SOC SCIENC & THEO
DTH (SYSTEMATIC THEOLOGY)
36
Stoltz, Paul Stefanus. "Kultuur, moraliteit en die HI-Virus in die Kgalagadi-gemeente van Botswana in missiologiese perspektief." Diss., 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/16123.
Full textAbstract:
Text in AfrikaansSummaries in Afrikaans and English
Hierdie navorsing meen dat die kerk in die verlede te veel klem gele het op negatiewe seksuele praktyke, en verantwoordelike seks nie aan die qeloofsgemeenskap voorgehou is nie. Sodoende het 'n negatiewe mentaliteit in die geloofsgemeenskap ontstaan, wat verder aangewakker is deur verskeie sosio-politieke en ekonomiese faktore. Dit het tot 'n gebroke familielewe, huwelike, immoraliteit en 'n identiteitskrisis gelei, wat uiteindelik saamgewerk het tot die HIV-dilemma. Daar is nie werklik 'n begrip van die sin van bogenoemde elemente in die geloofsgemeenskap nie, en gevolglik konsentreer hierdie navorsing daarop om, met die evangelie as basis op 'n geinkultureerde wyse, bogenoemde kultuurbeskouinge in die Kgalagadi-gemeente te inkultureer. Hierin moet die plaaslike gemeente se koninklike, profetiese en priesterlike funksies gestalte kry in die daarstelling van sisteme, sodat doelgerig tot die bekamping van, pastorale hulp aan, en bystand aan HIV-slagoffers bygedra kan word.
The Church has focused too much on the negative aspects of sexuality and not enough on how to have sexual relations in a responsible manner. A negative mentality regarding sexuality, family life and morality had been created in the community, which contributed to the HIV-dilemma. There is no understanding of these aspects in the community. Inculturation of the relevant aspects into the Kgalagadi congregation should be done on the basis of the gospel. In this the local congregation should fulfill its kingly, prophetic and priestly functions by creating relevant systems to help prevent, support and counsel HIV-victims.
Missiology
M.Th. (Missiology)
37
Mead, Richardson Alison. "From introduction to institutionalisation : the process of establishing new teaching & learning methodologies in vocational education and training." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/11891.
Full textAbstract:
As new teaching and learning technologies begin to challenge the boundaries between
time and place, distance and elearning are becoming mainstream approaches to
increase access and improve quality in post-secondary education. Educators and
educational managers are being challenged by the need to manage technology
integration within institutions and within education systems.
In 2007, the Government of Botswana established a new technical college with the
specific mandate to expand technical and vocational education and training (TVET)
provision by introducing distance and elearning programme delivery. This thesis reports
on the findings of a case study undertaken during the first two years of the life of the
college. The study aimed to identify the organisational structures and change processes
needed for the successful implementation of distance and elearning and to discover
how these structures and processes can be best managed.
The field work was carried out within an interpretive paradigm in a longitudinal case
study over 30 months. The approach was ethnographic and the data collection methods
included documentary analysis and participant observation. Focussed interviews were
carried out with a purposive sample of key respondents in order to further explore
observations.
Different theoretical and practical models of technology integration were investigated and the MIT 90s model was considered to be the most applicable and pragmatic.
Theories of organisational change were researched to help understand the process.
Lewin’s seminal work on field theory, group dynamics and the 3-step change model with
the notion of driving and restraining forces on change gave a framework against which
to analyse the process of change. The findings detail a change process which features a lack of preparation, perceived
lack of management commitment by staff and poor timing in a top down approach to
introducing distance and flexible learning. The findings show how an external group of
change agents working as technical experts within clearly defined policy objectives and
facilitating extensive staff development, were an insufficient driving force for change
against the restraining forces of a bureaucratic organisational culture, strong mental
models of traditional teaching and perceived lack of leadership.Sociology
D. Litt. et Phil. (Sociology)
38
"From monuments to cultural landscapes: Rethinking heritage management in Botswana." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62134.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis aims to understand how Manonnye Gorge in eastern Botswana can be sustainably managed as both a natural and cultural landscape. At issue are conflicting views over the meaning and legitimate uses of the Gorge by the National Museum, Monuments and Art Gallery (NMMAG), tourists, and the community in Moremi, at the edge of the gorge. Regional survey in the gorge and ethnographic research with the Moremi community led to a more complex understanding of how conflicting perceptions of the gorge as a sacred cultural landscape by community members and as a natural monument by NMMAG have affected implementation of ecotourism projects. The thesis critiques the idea of the gorge as simply a natural monument and provides recommendations for reassessing management plans and ecotourism projects.
39
Mosupi, P. O. P. (Pharoah Olifant Pedro). "Chemical and cultural control of armoured bush cricket, Acanthoplus discoidalis (Walker) (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Hetrodinae), in sorghum in Botswana." Thesis, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/29424.
Full text
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Ball, Anna-Marie. "The social and cultural construction of sexual risk by youth in Botswana." 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/19115.
Full text
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Brown, Byron Alditon. "The development of working relationships between indigenous and expatriate teachers : a case study." Diss., 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/951.
Full textAbstract:
The education reform efforts in Botswana have focused predominantly on teacher
preparation, recruitment and compensation. Recruitment efforts have resulted in a
significant number of expatriates working with indigenous teachers in many schools.
However, as the schools are currently upgraded and restructured, the quality of the
working relationships forged between indigenous and expatriate teachers represents one
vital aspect in the reform effort that has gone almost unattended. Many teachers have
become dissatisfied and concerned about these relationships, despite compensation and
preparation. A decisive first step in attending to these relationships lies in understanding
how they develop. The aim of this exploratory study was to identify and describe factors
related to the development of working relationships between indigenous and expatriate
teachers and illustrate how those factors contribute to the development of these
relationships. The study employed a micropolitical perspective and through
phenomenological interviews, observation and document analysis, indicated that cultural
differences in language and communication, regard for time, handling of student
discipline, work ethics and professionalism along with ambiguity and uncertainty,
professional and interpersonal obligations, indigenous to expatriate teacher ratio and the
interplay of micropolitics are related to the development of these relationships. Results,
however, are specific to one school context and should not be generalized. The study
recommends management strategies such as provision of programmes for cultural
exchange, communication mode standardization, a dean of discipline system, faculty
building and further research to redress the situation.Further Teacher Education
M.Ed.
42
Bhusumane, Dan-Bush. "Examining the ways and extent to which counselors in Botswana are utilizing indigenous cultural practices and structures." 2007. http://etd1.library.duq.edu/theses/available/etd-07242007-172817/.
Full text
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Selaolo, Tjongabangwe. "The incorporation of activity-based learning and reflection into a new information systems development practice framework for Botswana." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/26098.
Full textAbstract:
Studies whose focus is finding solutions to practical IT implementation issues / problems such as slow systems uptake and meaningful work improvement are few. This thesis describes how IS practitioners from government and the private sector, together with users came together to redesign the current Botswana ISD work practice in order to address this shortcoming. The result has been the incorporation of activity-based learning and reflection in current ISD practice. The study adopted Cultural Historical Activity Theory (CHAT) as the framework of analysis as well as the associated Developmental Work Research (DWR) methodology as the research method. An expansive learning cycle was stimulated through change laboratory sessions with participants from government and industry. The general research question for the study is: ‘How should ISD as a systemic work activity be carried out to facilitate effective learning?’ The four sub-questions the thesis focuses on are: ‘(1) What constitutes Botswana’s ISD practice or how is ISD currently practiced in Botswana? (2) What are the users and developers learning and is the learning effective? (3) How can current practice be improved in order to facilitate effective learning? (4) What do users and IS professionals learn when collaborating in the review and redesign of ISD practice?’ The study was qualitative in nature and data collection was based on interviews, archival data, observations as well as data from change laboratory sessions. Data from the change laboratory sessions was video-taped and later transcribed for analysis. Though I used CHAT as the main theoretical tool for analysis of ISD and learning, I also used additional theoretical concepts on learning to assist with the analysis and redesign of new practice. These are concepts relating to two types of learning that are found in any setting or environment i.e. conscious / learning conscious learning and unconscious / task conscious learning as well as concepts relating to reflection-on action. Analysis of learning in current Botswana ISD practice shows that current learning is not effective because it does not provide the right balance between conscious and unconscious learning. Current learning tasks are predominantly geared towards unconscious learning. The solution to this practical learning problem, which constitutes improvement to practice, is the incorporation of activity-based learning and reflection through the introduction of learning evaluation checkpoints throughout the ISD process. Furthermore, during the collaborative redesign sessions it emerged that: 1) learning was collective and distributed agency and 2) learning was expansion of the object in multiple dimensions. The study makes both theoretical and practical contributions. The theoretical contribution is through the application of learning concepts such as the two types of learning (i.e. conscious and unconscious learning) and expansive learning to the review, analysis and redesign of ISD practice with the participation of representatives from government and the private sector. In terms of the practical contribution, a new Botswana ISD practice model that incorporates activity-based learning and reflection has been designed, and findings from examination of the model suggest that it has potential to address current learning deficiencies and thus contribute to efforts of avoiding IS failures.Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2012.
Informatics
unrestricted
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Matlapeng, Kgosiekae Maxwell. "Perceptions about the O Icheke Multiple Concurrent Parnership Campaign among young people who are members of the Selebi Phikwe District Youth Council, Botswana." Diss., 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/13751.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the perceptions of young people regarding the O Icheke MCP campaign who are members of Selebi Phikwe District Youth Council, in a mining town in central Botswana. The main objective of the study was to explore young people‘s views about MCP, to solicit their views on the key strength and weaknesses of the campaign, and to make recommendations to further strengthen the campaign.
Within the framework of the Health Belief Model, a qualitative research approach was employed and data was collected using four focus group discussions categorised into the following strata
Males aged 18-24 years
Females aged 18-24 years
Males aged 25-35 years
Females aged 25-35 years
The overall study finding was that financial issues, the apparent need for sexual variety, quest for material possession, and the impact of unemployment, migration and alcohol abuse are seen as some of the major factors underlying MCP in Botswana. The O Icheke Multiple Concurrent Partnership campaign was positively viewed as playing a key role in addressing the apparent knowledge gap regarding the impacts of these partnerships and in changing people‘s attitudes towards MCP and discouraging wide sexual networks.
The campaign‘s target population, funding, stakeholders and delivery mode of the program were identified as its pillars and an effective vehicle to achieve its goals. The consultation between funding office and implementing organisations, coverage of the programme in surrounding areas and growing non-profit organisation were identified to affect the MCP campaign to achieve its goals. The recommendation is that more has to be done to improve the implementation of O Icheke programme through more funding, consultation with programme implementers, tailor made for people with disability and covering surrounding areas.
The recommendation is that more has to be done to improve the implementation of O Icheke programme through more funding, consultation and capacity building of volunteers.Health Studies
MA (Social Behaviour Studies in HIV and AIDS)
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Samuel, Selvanayagam Donald. "Theological education by extension for parishioners : developing a curriculum." Diss., 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/17658.
Full textAbstract:
Theological Education by Extension (TEE) for parishioners is the general area of study. However, focus is placed on the developing of a curriculum, particularly on the problems and challenges around developing of a relevant TEE
curriculum. Four different TEE programmes in Botswana were studied. The findings showed that problems were experienced by respondents and others who are involved in TEEs in Botswana. The respondents could identify and describe some of such problems and challenges. Therefore the researcher could arrive at the
following conclusion:-
Students, staff and all other parties of a TEE must collectively and fully participate in the developing of the curriculum. Moreover, the socio-cultural context influences TEE curriculum; therefore, students need to be trained to respond to such influences in their life situations. Once again, it is important that the curriculum policy and the process of planning take into account of some basic concerns like the theological presuppositions, aims and objectives and basic commitments or foci behind the curriculum. If these concerns are well attended, a
more relevant TEE curriculum can be developed.Philosophy, Practical & Systematic Theology
Th. M. (Practical Theology)
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Bushe, Bernard. "The efficacy of alternative dispute resolution (ADR) in labour dispute resolution : a critical comparative analysis of Botswana, South Africa and Zimbabwe." Diss., 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/26223.
Full textAbstract:
This Master of Laws dissertation is a treatise of “The efficacy of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) in labour disputes: a critical comparative analysis of Botswana, South Africa (RSA) and Zimbabwe.” Alternative Dispute Resolution hereinafter referred to as (“ADR”) has attracted so much research ado worldwide with policy makers alive to its possibilities in so far as it ought to shed off the burden of the courts in handling disputes. Courts are considered inundated with unresolved cases taking many years to finalise. ADR is therefore touted, not only the panacea, but the cheaper, efficient and effective alternative to normal court process. This study was saddled with the common challenges of definition, scope and methodology as does most scientific studies, especially to locate the concept ADR in the plethora of views from prominent exponent-s of the discipline. This study labored on the considered view that ADR is essentially an ‘out of court settlement approach to dispensing with disputes involving an attempt by disputants to rope in an impartial third party to aid finality to the respective wrangle. The lack of a methodological approach to treat this subject matter, made this study more challenging. The study had to therefore rely on a hypothetical model developed after gleaning through various scholarly views 1 that sought to treat the subject of ADR efficacy in labour dispute resolution. The study contented with the strongly held view 2 that ADR is an efficacious approach in resolving disputes outside the court system. As to whether this was the case in Botswana, RSA and Zimbabwe in so far as labour dispute resolution is concerned was the major challenge this study was seized with? A model was formulated which envisaged that efficaciousness of ADR may be achieved if three conditions or criteria are present within a jurisdiction, namely (1) ADR Background Conditions that comprise (a) adequate legislative and political support; (b) Supportive institutional and cultural norms, (c) adequate and competent manpower, (d) sufficient funding support, and (e) power-parity of disputants; (2) ADR Program Design comprising of (a) Planning and preparation and (b) Operations and implementation and finally (3) ADR Measures (a) Client satisfaction; (b) Time efficient; (c) Cost saving and (d) Settlement & enforcement. This study measured the situations obtaining in the three countries using these three-pronged criteria. In all three measures3 this study found that although all the three countries still have a long way before their ADR became as efficacious as would be reasonably possible, RSA has made many strides such as legislative enactments immediately upon attaining independence that sought to address the injustices of the past and thereby installing structures for enforcing industrial democracy 4, while Botswana and Zimbabwe took 5 years 5 and over 10 years 6 respectively after attaining independence. RSA established an independent body for dispensing with labour dispute settlement7 while Botswana8 and Zimbabwe 9 are still reluctant to do so, relying rather on their labour ministries often marinated in bureaucratic bottlenecks hence stalling efficacy of ADR. While RSA makes effort to provide adequate and competent manpower because of sufficient funding, Botswana and Zimbabwe still struggle to dispense with disputes under their labour departments who are either inadequately skilled or also accused of favouritism in the case of Zimbabwe.10 All the three countries are regarded as unequal societies which tends to sway the power-parity of disputants with capitalists still wielding unbridled powers in dispute outcomes. South Africa enacted section 143 to the Labour Relations Act 11 which empowers the Director of CCMA to certify an arbitral award, giving it the same force as an order of the Magistrate Court. This has cut off the time and administrative burden of having to register an arbitral award with the court so as to obtain writs of executions and enforce it, a practice which is still prevalent in Zimbabwe. The Department of Labour in South Africa has made funding available to the CCMA to assist employees who are not in a financial position to enforce awards in their favour.12 The funding is aimed at employees who are too indigent to afford the costs of enforcement.13 These employees are deemed to be: (a) Employees who earn below the earnings threshold (currently at R205 433.30 per annum) – proof of income will be required by the CCMA. There is no record regarding enforcement or ease of enforcement of ADR outcomes in Botswana and Zimbabwe or at least this study is aware of. The governments of Botswana and Zimbabwe have been accused of using a heavy hand in determining wages, the right to strike and often curtailing union power through declaring certain sectors essential services. RSA’s Commission for Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration hereinafter after referred to as (the “CCMA”)14 runs an electronic system of case management by which cases are screened and assigned commissioners whereas Zimbabwe and Botswana still rely on manual systems often inefficiently managed especially when it comes to allocating matters to ADR interventionists.15 In Zimbabwe the challenge of resources is acute often the Labour Officers lacking a simple photocopier and postage stamps to dispense with administration of disputes. This dissertation found that Botswana and Zimbabwe lack publicly available information from which to infer the efficaciousness of ADR practices therein. Measuring client satisfaction, efficiency and cost effectiveness, enforcement and settlement has not been tackled with ease, which was different when it came to RSA. This study argues that RSA’s ADR is efficacious rated at 75% attainment of settlement of disputes, despite accusations of failing to offer disputants options and job retention at the end of ADR intervention. Botswana and Zimbabwe on the measures raised above are not yet close to achieving efficaciousness based on the above criteria. The challenges need to be addressed to ensure that in all three measures ADR affords Botswana, RSA and Zimbabwe disputants a cheaper, efficient and effective alternative to dispensing with labour disputes. This study concluded with recommendations arising from the three measures ADR Background Conditions; ADR Program Design and (3) ADR Measures could be implemented towards achieving an efficacious ADR regime for the three countries and beyond.Mercantile Law
LL.M.