Journal articles: 'Botswana culture'

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TAYLOR, D. C. "Botswana: Education, Culture and Politics." African Affairs 91, no. 362 (January 1, 1992): 153–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/afraf/91.362.153.

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Song, Eun young. "Competing Values in World Culture and the Emergence of Middle Ground." Comparative Sociology 7, no. 1 (2008): 28–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156913308x260457.

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AbstractThis paper, focusing on a Botswanan case of Community-Based Natural Resource Management (CBNRM), illustrates how globalized norms in seeming competition nonetheless reveal a potential middle ground. In Botswana there have been conflicts between regimes of environmentalism and indigenous cultural rights. Environmental protectionism has been based on a concept of “pristine nature” which does not allow for human interaction. Thus, the more protected areas are designated, the more indigenous peoples' lands are claimed as nature reserves. This forces local peoples to abandon cultural practices such as hunting animals and gathering wild plants. In contrast, impelled by the ascention of human rights issues, advocacy groups for the unorganized fourth world and indigenous communities have been struggling to protect indigenous people's cultural rights, thereby giving prominence to human rights issues. NGO advocates for indigenous peoples as well as professionals involved with indigenous groups have found that indigenous people's practices are in fact not harmful to the ecosystem. Rather, their ethno-biological knowledge and customary activities contribute to balancing the local ecosystem. This means that conflicting guidelines can be harmonized in “buffer zones” around protected areas, and the buffering program that has resulted, that by CBNRM, has been widely accepted in Botswana and is likely applicable to other countries in which we find similar value competition.

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Maundeni, Zibani. "State culture and development in Botswana and Zimbabwe." Journal of Modern African Studies 40, no. 1 (March 2002): 105–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x01003834.

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This article makes two major claims. The first is that independent Botswana was able to generate and sustain a type of developmental state because of the presence of an indigenous initiator state culture that was preserved by the Protectorate state and was inherited by the post-colonial state elites. The second is that the non-emergence of the developmental state in post-colonial Zimbabwe is explained by the presence of a non-initiator indigenous state culture which was preserved by the Rhodesian colonial state and was inherited by the post-colonial state elites. The article briefly reviews the literature, analyses the Tswana and Shona pre-colonial state cultures, and shows that these were preserved by the colonial states and inherited by the nationalist politicians.

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Saarinen, Jarkko, Naomi Moswete, and Masego J. Monare. "Cultural tourism: new opportunities for diversifying the tourism industry in Botswana." Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series 26, no. 26 (December 1, 2014): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bog-2014-0041.

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Abstract Botswana is known as a wilderness and safari-tourism destination, which attracts high-end overseas visitors to the country. Since the 1990s the country’s tourism policy has been based on a so called ‘High Value - Low Volume’ (HVLV) strategy referring to the aim of attracting limited numbers of tourists with high expenditure patterns. However, while such tourism operations have contributed to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the country and offered investment opportunities for international companies, the position of Botswana as a HVLV destination is increasingly criticised. It is seen as offering too narrow prospects for the growth of the industry and for the local participation and benefit sharing in tourism in future. Hence, there is a need for diversification of the product with deeper involvement of local people to tourism. Therefore, communities and Botswana’s cultural and heritage attractions are increasingly seen as one of the future cornerstones of tourism development. This paper provides an overview of cultural tourism with specific reference to existing cultural and heritage attractions and the potential thereof for tourism in Botswana. The paper concludes that while the role of culture is still underutilised in tourism, the cultural tourism in Botswana has the potential to contribute to a more equitable distribution of tourism-based development and the related benefits for local communities.

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Alimi, Modupe M., and Mompoloki M. Bagwasi. "Aspects of Culture and Meaning in Botswana English." Journal of Asian and African Studies 44, no. 2 (March 17, 2009): 199–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021909608101410.

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Solway, Jacqueline. "Human Rights and NGO ‘Wrongs’: Conflict Diamonds, Culture Wars and The ‘Bushman Question’." Africa 79, no. 3 (August 2009): 321–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/e0001972009000849.

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I examine the struggle surrounding the relocations of Bushmen from the Central Kalahari Game Reserve in Botswana. Despite a recent court decision allowing the Bushmen to return, the ‘war of words’ continues and the Bushmen's circumstances remain inconclusive. I analyse and compare the actions of transnational and local NGOs and the Botswana state in addressing the ‘Bushman Question’ and consider the impacts of the various strategies and images deployed. The clash between essentialized views of pristine hunter-gatherers and images of Bushmen as modern citizens in the making has contributed to the problematic outcome thus far.

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Su, Yvonne Yanyun. "The failure of the American ABC HIV prevention model in Botswana." SURG Journal 4, no. 1 (October 26, 2010): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.21083/surg.v4i1.1278.

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This paper argues that the American ABC (Abstain, Be Faithful, and Condomise) HIV prevention model has failed in Botswana as a result of cultural irrelevance, the imposition of dominant American Christian ideals and a lack of local involvement and consultation. The paper will first examine the development of the American ABC Model and how it is distributed in Botswana. The second section will demonstrate the cultural irrelevance of the ABC model by examining the sexual practices of four ethnic groups within Botswana: the Bakalanga, Bangwato, Basarwa, and Baherero. The breakdown of the ABC model and its irrelevance to Botswana culture will demonstrate how the export of dominant American Christian ideals have strongly ignored and undermined sexual norms and practices. Lastly, the paper will demonstrate the importance of including local actors such as chiefs and indigenous NGOs in effectively deal with the HIV and AIDS epidemic in Botswana.

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Landau, Paul S., and Pauline E. Peters. "Dividing the Commons: Politics, Policy, and Culture in Botswana." International Journal of African Historical Studies 29, no. 2 (1996): 384. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/220538.

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Merriam, Sharan B., and Gabo Ntseane. "Transformational Learning in Botswana: How Culture Shapes the Process." Adult Education Quarterly 58, no. 3 (February 14, 2008): 183–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0741713608314087.

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Hammami, Feras. "Culture and Planning for Change and Continuity in Botswana." Journal of Planning Education and Research 32, no. 3 (February 29, 2012): 262–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0739456x11435511.

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Gerhart, Gail, and Pauline E. Peters. "Dividing the Commons: Politics, Policy, and Culture in Botswana." Foreign Affairs 74, no. 5 (1995): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20047362.

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Solway. "“Culture Fatigue”: The State and Minority Rights in Botswana." Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies 18, no. 1 (2011): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/indjglolegstu.18.1.211.

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Maundeni, Zibani. "Mutual criticism and state/society interaction in Botswana." Journal of Modern African Studies 42, no. 4 (November 3, 2004): 619–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x04000424.

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State/civil society interaction in Botswana displays patterns characterised by mutual criticism in each other's presence, the willingness of state officials to meet and exchange views with non-state leaders, and the media's role of reminding the contestants to meet and exchange views. The Botswana political culture compels/constrains contestants to meet and exchange views rather than to disengage and resort to the trading of unpleasant remarks in the media and to industrial action on the street. The theoretical implication is that political culture vitally shapes state/civil society interaction and should not be ignored by researchers who seek to define/characterise strong/weak civil societies.

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Gambles, Chandel. "Colonialist theatre education in Botswana." SURG Journal 3, no. 2 (February 6, 2010): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21083/surg.v3i2.1119.

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There is a distinct lack of theatre in Botswana due to its political and social history. The colonialists of the past and the artistic Theatre for Development educators have forced outside theatrical ideals on Botswana productions. When the majority of the country was illiterate, this was the most effective tool for establishing propaganda and communication. However, since the economic welfare and educational standards of Botswana have improved, educators should not be as dependant on theatre as a tool. Theatre for Development still dominates current productions and has caused a distinct hindrance of creative discovery within the country. Until the topics and creative stylizations of the indigenous people are accepted and promoted, the nation cannot hope to reflect their distinct culture through theatre.

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Bodilenyane, Keratilwe. "Botswana's Executive Presidency: Implications for democracy." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 2, no. 4 (January 12, 2013): 188. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v2i4.2749.

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It has been argued that the leadership of Botswana has upheld liberal democracy hence the birth of an admirable nation. However reality has revealed that the Constitution of Botswana is shallow in promoting democracy. The Constitution of Botswana which espouses an executive presidency has vested sweeping powers in the Presidency. It is probable that a traditionalist culture of respect and authority, hindered any disputing of the post-colonial dispensation, and overlooked the absolutism of the Constitution. In terms of the Constitution of Botswana, the President is both Head of State and Head of Government. Thus the presidency has sweeping powers across a diverse range of areas and acts with little review. This defeats the system of check and balances which is necessary for democracy. The paper therefore argues that an executive Presidency is absolutist hence threatens the legitimacy of democracy.

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Tshukudu, Theophilus Tebetso. "An Integrated Performance Management Model to Be Used By the Botswana Public Service Sector." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 4, no. 2 (May 5, 2014): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v4i2.5717.

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The call for improved performance by government ministries and departments is not a new phenomenon in both the developed and the developing countries. The Botswana public service experiences problems which hamper the country’s ability to be competitive. It is therefore important to investigate strategies used by the Botswana public service for the management in performance. Performance management entails formally guiding, directing, measuring, evaluating and rewarding employee effort, competencies and talent to achieve organisational and strategic objectives (Boselie 2010, p. 173). Performance management is also a combined effort between a supervisor and employee to achieve organisational goals. This study investigates the performance management strategies needed for the effective management of performance in the Botswana public service. Subsequently to review literature, the paper proposes a performance management strategic model for the effective facilitation of the of performance management system for the Botswana public. The proposed integrated model serves as a basis for drawing up a survey questionnaire to establish the extent to which supervisors, line and senior managers in the Botswana public service agree or disagree with the model. The questionnaire was sent to a random sample of supervisors, line and senior managers in the Botswana public service, in the Gaborone, Botswana. The empirical results obtained from the survey were analysed and interpreted. They indicated a strong concurrence with theoretical performance management strategies presented in the study. On the basis of the literature that was completed and on the basis of the results of the empirical study, a performance model for the effective implementation of performance management in the Botswana public service was developed. It must be noted that performance management should not be done in a mechanical manner, but should be understood as an essential tool in achieving the vision and mission of an organisation. Performance management also does not take place in a vacuum. It is essential that an organisational culture be analysed to see in which aspects it fosters or hinders effective performance. The organisational culture should be crafted and reinforced to create a high performance environment. Specific attention should be given to leadership, learning and the alignment of individual, team and organisational goals.

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Motlhanka, Koketso, Kebaneilwe Lebani, Teun Boekhout, and Nerve Zhou. "Fermentative Microbes of Khadi, a Traditional Alcoholic Beverage of Botswana." Fermentation 6, no. 2 (May 11, 2020): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation6020051.

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Khadi is a popular traditional alcoholic beverage in rural households in Botswana. The product is produced by fermentation of ripened sun-dried Grewia flava (Malvaceae) fruits supplemented with brown table sugar. Despite its popularity, its growing consumer acceptance, its potential nutritional value, and its contribution to the socio-economic lifestyle of Botswana, the production process remains non-standardized. Non-standardized production processes lead to discrepancies in product quality and safety as well as varying shelf life. Identification of unknown fermentative microorganisms of khadi is an important step towards standardization of its brewing process for entrance into commercial markets. The aim of this study was to isolate and identify bacteria and yeasts responsible for fermentation of khadi. Yeasts and bacteria harbored in 18 khadi samples from 18 brewers in central and northern Botswana were investigated using classic culture-dependent techniques and DNA sequencing methods. Additionally, we used the same techniques to investigate the presence of bacteria and yeasts on six batches of ripened-dried G. flava fruits used for production of the sampled brews. Our results revealed that Saccharomyces cerevisiae closely related to a commercial baker’s yeast strain sold locally was the most predominant yeast species in khadi suggesting a possible non-spontaneous brewing process. However, we also detected diverse non-Saccharomyces yeasts, which are not available commercially in retail shops in Botswana. This suggests that spontaneous fermentation is partially responsible for fermentation of khadi. This study, presenting the first microbiological characterization of a prominent traditional alcoholic beverage in Botswana, is vital for development of starter cultures for the production of a consistent product towards the commercialization of khadi.

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Shaibu, Sheila. "Ethical and Cultural Considerations in Informed Consent in Botswana." Nursing Ethics 14, no. 4 (July 2007): 503–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733007077884.

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Reflections on my experience of conducting research in Botswana are used to highlight tensions and conflicts that arise from adhering to the western conceptualization of bioethics and the need to be culturally sensitive when carrying out research in one's own culture. Cultural practices required the need to exercise discretionary judgement guided by respect for the culture and decision-making protocols of the research participants. Ethical challenges that arose are discussed. The brokerage role of nurse educators and leaders in contextualizing western bioethics is emphasized.

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Commeyras, Michelle, and Bontshetse Mosadimotho Mazile. "Exploring the Culture of Reading Among Primary School Teachers in Botswana." Reading Teacher 64, no. 6 (March 2011): 418–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1598/rt.64.6.3.

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Setlhabi, Keletso Gaone. "The Politics of Culture and the Transient Culture ofBojale: Bakgatla-Baga-Kgafela Women's Initiation in Botswana." Journal of Southern African Studies 40, no. 3 (May 4, 2014): 459–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03057070.2014.913424.

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Hope, Kempe Ronald. "Employee Perceptions of Leadership and Performance Management in the Botswana Public Service." Public Personnel Management 31, no. 4 (December 2002): 531–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009102600203100409.

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Public servants in Botswana play an important role as partners in the management of the public sector and national affairs. During the past three decades, the country has acquired a reputation for sound development management and good governance. That reputation has been derived primarily from the behavior and performance of the country's public servants, who have been motivated to fulfill their duties honestly and effectively. In recent years, however, a culture of indifference and outright laziness has crept into the public service, leading to serious bottlenecks in service delivery. This article discusses and analyzes employee perceptions of leadership and performance management in the Botswana public service.

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Arua, Arua E. "Flea market voices on literacy in Botswana." JULACE: Journal of the University of Namibia Language Centre 3, no. 2 (December 31, 2018): 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.32642/julace.v3i2.1385.

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This paper presents the views of some flea market vendors and clients, especially those whose voices are never heard, on the literacy and education issues that affect Botswana. Although small, the sample of respondents used for this study is representative of the kinds of people that populate flea markets. However, a large percentage of the respondents are male, thus indicating that male voices are dominant even in this setting. The findings of the study, which are similar to those in the literacy literature on Botswana, include the following: children lack interest in reading; parents have not been involved in their children’s reading development; and there are inadequate library and other resources to support a reading culture in Botswana. Some respondents advocate direct teaching of reading to their children, procuring reading materials for them and sending them to good private schools as ways of improving their children’s reading. Overall, the study shows that there is need to complement the top-down approach with the bottom-up approach, as there are valuable lessons policy makers can glean from canvassing the views of those in non-traditional government structures such as the flea markets.

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Horn, Nancy E. "Dividing the Commons: Politics, Policy, and Culture in Botswana . Pauline E. Peters." American Anthropologist 98, no. 3 (September 1996): 689–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/aa.1996.98.3.02a00680.

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BLEDSOE, CAROLINE. "Dividing the Commons: Pontics, Policy, and Culture in Botswana. PAULINE E. PETERS." American Ethnologist 22, no. 4 (November 1995): 1082–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ae.1995.22.4.02a01240.

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Hope, Kempe Ronald. "Employee Perceptions of Leadership and Performance Management in the Botswana Public Service." Public Personnel Management 32, no. 2 (June 2003): 301–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009102600303200209.

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Public servants in Botswana play an important role as partners in the management of the public sector and national affairs; and, during the past three decades, the country has acquired a reputation for sound development management and good governance. That reputation has been derived primarily from the behavior and performance of the country's public servants who have been motivated to fulfill their duties honestly and effectively. However, in recent years, a culture of indifference and outright laziness has crept into the public service leading to serious bottlenecks in service delivery. This article discusses and analyzes employee perceptions of leadership and performance management in the Botswana public service in light of the country's reputation with respect to the nature and functioning of its public servants.

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Temitope Eyitayo, Oduronke. "Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Systems – Is Botswana Winning? A Question on Culture Effects." Issues in Informing Science and Information Technology 11 (2014): 047–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/1979.

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Marumo, Boipuso B., and Nkobi O. Pansiri. "Early School Withdrawals and Underperformance as Indicators of Poor Attention to Learner’s Welfare: Botswana in 50 Years of Self-Rule." Journal of Educational Issues 2, no. 2 (December 8, 2016): 367. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jei.v2i2.10270.

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September 30th 2016 was Botswana’s 50th birthday. Botswana, a deeply impoverished country in 1966 was on that day an upper-middle income country in the world rankings. Its education expenditure was one of the highest in the world, at around 9% of the GDP. It was on record to have provided more than 90% of universal and free primary education. Guided by the 1977 and 1994 education policies, the country committed itself to the universal declaration that education is a fundamental human right. It adopted a priority of reducing the growing percentages of non-enrolled school age children, let alone working around the clock to increase access to basic education schooling. Despite these good policies and sound financial resources, it has not escaped global challenges of unequal access which has denied some learners the opportunity to complete their education programmes. It also faced huge challenges of low school retention rates, particularly in the basic education programme, that is primary and secondary school systems. This article considers these challenges as critical indicators of lack of attention to learner’s welfare in public schools. It argues that in the 50 years of self-rule, the basic education program remained trapped in a culture of moral indifference and silent exclusion. The article argues that post 50th birthday, Botswana needs to begin a new chapter, developing an education system that cares about learner’s education welfare more than ever before.

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Osupile, Kakale, and Ushe Makambe. "The nexus between organisational culture and knowledge sharing in a government department in Botswana." International Journal of Public Sector Management 34, no. 2 (February 9, 2021): 118–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijpsm-06-2020-0149.

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PurposeDue to its complex nature and influence, an inappropriate organisational culture can be a strong impediment to effective knowledge sharing in an organisation, yet a suitable culture enhances organisational effectiveness. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of organisational culture in facilitating knowledge sharing in a selected government ministry in Botswana. The role of people, collaboration, trust and rewards was explored to explicate their influence on knowledge sharing.Design/methodology/approachA descriptive survey design was adopted in which a questionnaire was administered to 127 respondents who were sampled from a population of 431 employees of the ministry based at the head office in Gaborone, with 97 questionnaires successfully completed and returned culminating in a 76.4% response rate.FindingsThe findings of the study exposed a significant and positive correlation between organisational culture and knowledge sharing in the government ministry covered in the study, although incidents of ineffective knowledge sharing were detected. Out of the four elements of organisational culture that were examined (people, collaboration, trust and rewards), the correlation analysis revealed a significant and positive relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variable in three of the four independent variables under study.Originality/valueThe study identified gaps in managing knowledge and proposed suitable measures which can add value to knowledge-sharing practices within the selected ministry and elsewhere. The findings of the study are critical as they enable the management at the ministry to develop capabilities for improving knowledge-sharing practices.

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Sebeelo, Tebogo B. "Beer drinking, resistance and the politics of alcohol tax levy in Botswana." Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 37, no. 6 (July 14, 2020): 544–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1455072520936811.

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Aim: The study investigated how beer drinkers coped, made sense of, and internalised the effects of the 30% alcohol levy implementation in Botswana in 2008. Methods: Constructivist grounded theory guided this study and explored how active beer drinkers ( n = 20) coped with the new alcohol reforms. Results: Beer drinkers resisted the new alcohol reforms through various acts theorised as individualised resistance, social drinking networks and seeking alternative drinking avenues. These resistance(s) are synergistic, fluid and situated. Actions by beer drinkers are culturally framed, enacted through the aegis of time to entrench drinker’s autonomy. Conclusions: The alcohol levy implementation in Botswana illuminates the intersection of power, culture and resistance. Policies that are perceived to be draconian and not evidence-based are likely to be resisted by consumers. An examination of the interplay between power/resistance is critical for future alcohol policy development.

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Stone, Lesego S., and Gyan P. Nyaupane. "The Tourist Gaze: Domestic versus International Tourists." Journal of Travel Research 58, no. 5 (June 27, 2018): 877–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0047287518781890.

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This article investigates domestic and international tourists’ “gaze” using tourism imagery. Domestic and international tourists’ preferences are critically examined using the concept of the “tourist gaze” and “local gaze.” Through qualitative, in-depth photo-elicitation interviews (PEIs) guided by 16 photographs covering various tourist attractions in Botswana, results indicate dissimilar tourist gazes between international and domestic tourists. Culture, livelihoods, and crowded spaces, with a variety of activities, influence domestic tourists’ gaze, whereas privacy, tranquility, and quietness influence the international tourists’ gaze. The tourist gaze thus can be seen as a culturally contingent concept that is not universal. Despite the differences, results indicate the continued promotion of an international tourist’s gaze. Results help explain low visitation by domestic tourists to protected areas in Botswana and Africa. In view of the study’s results, theoretical and policy implications are also discussed.

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Tshukudu, Theophilus Tebetso. "Critical Organisational Success Factors Used In the Evaluation of Training & Development." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 4, no. 3 (October 8, 2014): 337. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v4i3.6502.

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Evaluation of training and development does not take place in a vacuum, but is influenced by various critical organizational success factors. These factors include creating a culture, developing leadership, performance management and creating a learning organization. Various organizational factors are critical to the effective evaluation of training and development initiatives. Evaluation of training and development cannot be separated from organizational culture as culture directs the behavior of employees. As a result, careful attention should be given to establishing a culture that is supportive for the attainment of training and development objectives. The main aim of this article is to highlight the importance of critical organizational success factor for effective evaluation of training and development in the Botswana public service sector.

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Gondo, Reniko, and Oluwatoyin D. Kolawole. "Sustainable Water Resources Management: Issues and Principles of Water Governance in the Okavango Delta, Botswana." International Journal of Rural Management 15, no. 2 (October 2019): 198–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0973005219865369.

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In the recent times, there is an increased awareness about the importance of water management as population growth, new technologies, increased food consumption, land use and economic activities, among others, continue to exacerbate competition among water users in their bid to access natural resources. Thus, water governance encompasses the allocation and management of aquatic resources within the context of a multilayered, competing demand for water resources. Employing a critical review of relevant literature and guided by the legal pluralism conceptual framework and situated within the Dublin water management principles, this article examines key principles and pertinent issues in sustainable water resources management in the Okavango Delta, Botswana; the delta is widely recognized as a wetland of international significance. Findings reveal that demographic and socio-economic factors such as age, education, religion, culture, gender and income play significant roles in household water management decision making. The results also show that although the water legislative environment in Botswana is characterized by outdated Water Acts, efforts and commitment from the government are underway to revise these Acts. This article argues that whilst water research scholars and policymakers continue to make advocacy for water governance at different levels, the local-level water governance needs to be accorded more priority in rural areas in Botswana.

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Berman, Sidney K. "OF GOD’S IMAGE, VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN AND FEMINIST REFLECTIONS." Studia Historiae Ecclesiasticae 41, no. 1 (August 3, 2015): 122–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/2412-4265/109.

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This article interrogates what appears to be an inconsistency – the enduring prevalence of Christianity and the surge of gender-based violence (henceforth GBV) in Botswana, particularly as evidenced by murder-suicides. It investigates the possibility of a connection between Christianity and GBV. To search for such a connection, I used a feminist analytical approach to analyse the text of Hosea, Christian/Biblical teachings relating to gender and traditional Setswana socialisation. The book of Hosea, some Biblical teachings and some aspects of Setswana culture separate men and women in dualistic terms, present women as inferior to men, perceive women’s sexuality as devious, and prescribe violent control of women. Since this flawed outlook is evident in GBV in Botswana, I was led to investigate a hypothetical connection between GBV and Christian/ Biblical teaching. The article ends with recommendations for a response and for reconstructing a gender-empowering alternative.

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Gupta, A. Clare. "Elephants, safety nets and agrarian culture: understanding human-wildlife conflict and rural livelihoods around Chobe National Park, Botswana." Journal of Political Ecology 20, no. 1 (December 1, 2013): 238. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/v20i1.21766.

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Resolving conflict between agricultural livelihoods and wildlife conservation requires a sophisticated understanding of both wildlife ecology and human livelihood decision-making. This case study extends the literature on human-wildlife conflict in Africa by using a political ecology framework to understand how and why farmers in areas of high wildlife disturbance make their farming decisions, and how their strategies are affected by a broader socio-political context that includes, but is not restricted to, wildlife conservation policy. Specifically, this article chronicles the livelihood strategies of smallholder farmers in a village on the edge of Chobe National Park in northern Botswana. This is a place where the state has prioritized wildlife conservation but also supports residents' livelihoods. Because of disturbance from wildlife, especially elephants, protected under conservation law, agricultural production in Chobe is becoming increasingly challenging, even as the government increases its agricultural subsidies and support to small farmers. This results in unexpected farming strategies that reflect the interactive effects of conservation policy and other relevant macro-economic policies that structure the livelihood strategies of rural communities living near protected areas. Future human-wildlife conflict studies must take into account these multi-scalar and multi-dimensional dynamics in order to accurately explain the livelihood strategies of people living in wildlife-populated areas, so that appropriate conservation and development policies can be designed.Keywords: Botswana, wildlife conservation, rural livelihoods, human-wildlife conflict, political ecology

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Ngowi, A. B. "Impact of culture on the application of TQM in the construction industry in Botswana." International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management 17, no. 4/5 (June 2000): 442–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02656710010298517.

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Ho-Foster, A., M. W. Tenforde, T. Arscott-Mills, M. Maramba, P. Sedigeng, B. Mbeha, F. Banda, and A. P. Steenhoff. "Risk factors for gastric aspirate culture contamination in children evaluated for tuberculosis in Botswana." International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease 22, no. 9 (September 1, 2018): 1044–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5588/ijtld.18.0036.

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Fawcett, Jacqueline, Motshedisi B. Sabone, and Freda DeKeyser Ganz. "Nursing, Healthcare, and Culture: A View of the Year 2050 From Botswana and Israel." Nursing Science Quarterly 20, no. 4 (October 2007): 337–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0894318407306535.

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Molosiwa, Annah Anikie, and Dipotso Galeforolwe. "Child rearing practices of the San communities in Botswana: potential lessons for educators." AlterNative: An International Journal of Indigenous Peoples 14, no. 2 (April 20, 2018): 130–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1177180118772601.

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Several studies conducted among the San communities in Botswana have attributed failure to progress in school by the San children to inappropriate languages of instruction, insensitivity of the school culture and curriculum to their culture and learning styles. These studies have not really looked at all the contextual issues that influence child behaviour and development to the extent that they achieve their learning status. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate San’s child-rearing practices and how they transmit their cultural practices to their children. Data were gathered qualitatively through narratives, focus group discussions and interviews. The results revealed that the San are yearning for an educational system that is inclusive of their cultural practices and language, as well as having San teachers in their schools.

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Akindele, Dele, and Brian Trennepohl. "Breaking the Culture of Silence: Teaching Writing and Oral Presentation Skills to Botswana University Students." Language Culture and Curriculum 21, no. 2 (December 1, 2008): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.2167/lcc347.0.

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Akindele, Dele, and Brian Trennepohl. "Breaking the Culture of Silence: Teaching Writing and Oral Presentation Skills to Botswana University Students." Language, Culture and Curriculum 21, no. 2 (August 2, 2008): 154–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07908310802287533.

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Tenforde, Mark W., Margaret Mokomane, Tshepo B. Leeme, Nametso Tlhako, Katlego Tsholo, Tony Chebani, Anya Stephenson, et al. "Mortality in adult patients with culture-positive and culture-negative meningitis in the Botswana national meningitis survey: a prevalent cohort study." Lancet Infectious Diseases 19, no. 7 (July 2019): 740–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(19)30066-0.

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Thomas, P. "Opportunities and Challenges of Emerging Technologies in Higher Education." International Journal of Innovation in the Digital Economy 1, no. 4 (October 2010): 27–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jide.2010100103.

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Recent unprecedented advances in digital technologies and their concomitant affordances in education seem to be a great opportunity to adequately address burgeoning demand for high quality higher education (HE) and the changing educational preferences. It is increasingly being recognised that using new technology effectively in HE is essential to prepare students for its increasing demand. E-learning is an integral component of the University of Botswana’s teaching and learning culture, however, teachers who are from a traditional educational system are often ill-prepared to change their role from the all-knowing “sage on the stage” who operated under the “transmission” model, to the “guide on the side” which adopts new technologies effectively for student learning. Therefore, this paper argues that one of the ways to achieve substantial pedagogical innovations is to bring a significant change in the understanding of the processes of the scholarship of teaching and learning (SoTL). This paper explores new directions for conducting scholarly activities at the University of Botswana (UB) to address the needs of today’s students, concluding with a call for a collaborative approach to teaching, research, and publishing to enhance student learning experience in diversified and socially rich collaborative learning contexts.

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van Binsbergen, Wim. "Aspects of democracy and democratisation in Zambia and Botswana: Exploring African political culture at the Grassroots." Journal of Contemporary African Studies 13, no. 1 (January 1995): 3–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02589009508729561.

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Hamda, S. G., J. G. Tshikuka, D. Joel, V. Setlhare, G. Monamodi, B. Mbeha, B. P. Tembo, F. Mulenga, and T. Agizew. "Contribution of Xpert® MTB/RIF to tuberculosis case finding among pregnant women in Botswana." Public Health Action 10, no. 2 (June 21, 2020): 76–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5588/pha.19.0077.

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Setting: Seven health facilities with antenatal care (ANC) clinics in two districts near Gaborone, Botswana.Objectives: To determine 1) the prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) and HIV-TB co-infection in pregnancy, and 2) the sensitivities of symptomatic TB screening and Xpert testing against gold standard culture.Design: This was a cross-sectional study. Pregnant women were randomly enrolled and screened using TB symptoms. HIV status was determined from ANC clinics’ client records. Two sputum specimens were collected from all clients and each was tested using Xpert® and culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Results: Of 407 cases, eight had one or more TB symptoms, and all tested negative with Xpert® and culture. Another two (0.5%, 95%CI 0.08–1.96) asymptomatic clients tested positive with both tests. The adjusted TB prevalence was higher than that of the general population (0.6% vs. 0.24%; P < 0.001). The prevalence of TB among HIV-positive and HIV-negative clients was 1/69 (1.45%, 95%CI 0.29–2.61) and 1/336 (0.3%, 95%CI 0.23–0.83), respectively (Fisher’s exact test P = 0.312). Xpert® demonstrated a 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity, while symptom screening had 0.0% sensitivity and 98% specificity.Conclusions: TB prevalence among pregnant women was high and TB symptom screening had limited ability to detect TB. An alternative TB screening algorithm for pregnant women is urgently needed irrespective of TB symptoms.

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McAllister, John. "Tswanarising global gayness: the ‘unAfrican’ argument, Western gay media imagery, local responses and gay culture in Botswana." Culture, Health & Sexuality 15, sup1 (July 2013): 88–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13691058.2012.742929.

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Marobela, Motsomi Ndala. "Reflections and Insights on Leadership Competencies in Botswana: Lessons and Experiences for African Managers." Journal of Corporate Governance Research 4, no. 1 (April 24, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jcgr.v4i1.16905.

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In Africa, leadership crisis stalls many organisations from realizing their goals and holds back people from attaining their dreams. Yet African culture is rich with experiences which draw from the wisdom of traditional leadership, with its emphasis on communality, hard work and kindness as emblematic in the spirit of Ubuntu (Botho) (van de Colff, 2003) an African philosophy which inculcates compassion and integrity. This paper reflects on insights of leadership practices in some of Botswana organisations to appreciate the challenges they face in steering the leadership pedestal and their impact in fostering organizational success. The role of leadership is examined against a set of attributes and functions. For example, articulation of vision, staff welfare, customer care and more importantly the extent to which leadership contributes towards social justice and equity is considered. The study was conducted in Gaborone, the capital city of Botswana, based on exploratory mini practical survey. This involved unstructured personal interviews with industry leaders’ from private, public and non-governmental entities, to understand their roles as leaders and explore issues that preoccupy them and appreciate the challenges they face. Key findings from this research are the realization that the intersection between scholarship and practitioners provides a powerful mediatory process of reflection for leadership learning, more especially in transformation. Leaders who reflect are constantly imagining the vision of their organisations and ways of actualizing it.

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Lekgau, Refiloe Julia, and Tembi Tichaawa. "Community Perceptions on the Socio-economic Impacts of Wildlife Tourism from the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park in Botswana: The Case of Tsabong." African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, no. 9(6) (December 15, 2020): 1044–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.46222/ajhtl.19770720-67.

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The overall purpose of the current study was to investigate the socio-economic contributions made by wildlife tourism in the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park to a community living adjacent to the Park. Following a mixed methods approach, the study used Tsabong, a community in Botswana, as the case study area. Interviews were conducted with key tourism stakeholders and semi-structured questionnaires were distributed to the residents involved. The study found that (i) wildlife tourism has contributed to employment creation and economic development in Tsabong, (ii) wildlife tourism has increased the community’s sense of pride in their culture and preservation of local culture because of wildlife tourism, however, also revealed that (iii) local community participation in wildlife tourism and conservation projects of the KTP is generally low and (iv) positive economic benefits of wildlife tourism are not seen by the entire community. The main recommendations of the study centre on facilitating community participation in the collaborative management of the Park.

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Hulela, Keba. "The Practice of Scaling Down Practical Assessment Components of Agriculture in Junior Secondary Schools Curriculum: A Synthesis of Teachers Perceptions." Journal of Education and Training Studies 5, no. 3 (February 5, 2017): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/jets.v5i3.2197.

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This ethnographic research study aimed at investigating factors that contributed to the decline in the number of practical assessed projects in junior secondary agricultural education assessment in Botswana. Participant-observation technique was used to gather data in the form of field notes from in-service teachers at BCA and in-school teachers during school visits teaching practice and lessons at BCA respectively. Students’ performance assessment in practical agriculture measures the extent to which students performed their tasks. The study used two groups of teachers; five (5) in-service student teachers pursuing their Bachelor of Science (BSc) degree in Agricultural Education at Botswana College of Agriculture and five (5) in-school teachers of agriculture to investigate the decline in the number of practical projects assessed in schools. The participants were purposely selected for their proximity to the researcher. Field notes prepared during school visits through interviews and surveys using open ended question were used to gather data for this study. Narrative data were gathered and analysed by coding the emerging themes and applying descriptive analysis. The study took on theoretical issues forming the basis for the understanding of the culture of teaching and assessing practical agriculture projects to include (1) teacher motivation (2) validity issues on assessment (3) teaching standards, teacher education, and (4) practices in teaching, and students’ attitudes. The study concluded by discussing implications on education of agriculture science teachers.

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Moahi, Donlisha, and Elmarie Costandius. "When art informs: challenging stereotypes in a multicultural educational setting in Botswana." Scholarship of Teaching and Learning in the South 2, no. 2 (September 30, 2018): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.36615/sotls.v2i2.43.

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As classrooms become increasingly multicultural, authentic teaching and learning is essential to avoid the creation of a negative image of the ‘other’. Using a case study from a secondary school, an interpretive analysis was used to gain insight into how students made sense of their experiences and the significance of art as a platform to negotiate stigmas and stereotypes in class and school. The project generated space and context for students with different backgrounds to tell their stories and hear each other. Students revealed that language and dialects are also fundamental components of culture that should be supported by the education system. Art can be an especially effective catalyst for developing a critical awareness of issues of race, immigration, difference, and privilege. It is a platform for the negotiation and construction of meaning and could contribute towards removing the historic inequalities and injustices created by a stratified society. How to cite this article:MOAHI, Donlisha; CONSTANDIUS, Elmarie. When art informs: challenging stereotypes in a multicultural educational setting in Botswana. Scholarship of Teaching and Learning in the South. v. 2, n. 2, p. 18-36, Sept. 2018. Available at: http://sotl-south-journal.net/?journal=sotls&page=article&op=view&path%5B%5D=43&path%5B%5D=24 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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Makambe, Ushe, and Victor Charles. "Organisational Culture and Employee Motivation in a Selected Telecommunications Firm in Botswana: The Moderating Effect of The Reward System." East African Journal of Business and Economics 2, no. 1 (December 12, 2020): 95–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.37284/eajbe.2.1.254.

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An organisation’s reward system is arguably one of the most critical elements of organisational culture with an enormous bearing on employee motivation. The resolve of this study was to debunk the nexus between the reward system and employee motivation in a selected organisation. A discussion of extant literature on the nexus between reward as a critical component of organisational culture and employee motivation was conducted. An empirical investigation of the relationship between the dependent and the independent variables was pursued using a positivist research paradigm whence a quantitative methodology was used to gather data through a structured self-administered questionnaire hence a survey research design. The results of the study confirmed the hypothesised relationship between the selected firm’s reward system and employee motivation. The inadequacies of the organisation’s reward structure against the requirements of effective employee motivation were exposed. For instance, the rewards offered by the organisation did not meet employee needs and expectations and were not proportionate to the quality of employee output. There was a preference for monetary compensation in place of non-monetary rewards thus promoting extrinsic rather than intrinsic motivation. This study unravelled the positive and negative effects of an organisation’s reward system on employee motivation. An organisational culture that is premised on an effective reward system is the panacea to effective human resources management. To enhance employee motivation through the reward system, management of the selected firm should facilitate the development of a well-articulated psycho-social contract that is agreed upon between top management and employees which should explicitly spell-out the expectations of both parties that must be fulfilled at all times.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Botswana culture'

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