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1

Quartly, Marian, and Judith Smart. "The Australian National Council of Women." Australian Feminist Studies 29, no. 82 (October 2, 2014): 352–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08164649.2014.971693.

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Johnson, Ann, and Elizabeth Johnston. "Unfamiliar Feminisms: Revisiting the National Council of Women Psychologists." Psychology of Women Quarterly 34, no. 3 (August 2, 2010): 311–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.2010.01577.x.

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Kauhanen, Katri. "From Seoul to Paris." positions: asia critique 28, no. 3 (August 1, 2020): 575–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/10679847-8315140.

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The Korean National Council of Women, a women’s organization established in 1959, has received criticism in Korean literature for its collaboration with the authoritarian regimes that ruled South Korea for decades. This article, however, argues for a different kind of interpretation. The Korean National Council of Women came together to join the International Council of Women, a major international women’s organization that was looking for new affiliations in the recently decolonized parts of Asia and Africa in the midst of Cold War competition. Thus, we should view the existence of the Korean National Council of Women in the framework of transnational women’s activism and how the Cold War shaped it. After outlining the connections made between South Korean women and the International Council of Women, the article analyzes the projects proposed by the Korean National Council of Women under the anti-communist authoritarian regime. Based on archival research in South Korea and Belgium, this article argues that instead of following rules from above, the Korean National Council of Women negotiated a way to combine the advancement of women’s issues with the development of the nation. The International Council of Women, while criticizing communist women for their close relationship with the state, celebrated the achievements its South Korean affiliate made as a state-registered organization.
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Misra, Supriya, Haitisha T. Mehta, Evan L. Eschliman, Shathani Rampa, Ohemaa B. Poku, Wei-Qian Wang, Ari R. Ho-Foster, et al. "Identifying “What Matters Most” to Men in Botswana to Promote Resistance to HIV-Related Stigma." Qualitative Health Research 31, no. 9 (March 25, 2021): 1680–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10497323211001361.

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Despite a comprehensive national program of free HIV services, men living with HIV in Botswana participate at lower rates and have worse outcomes than women. Directed content analysis of five focus groups ( n = 38) and 50 in-depth interviews with men and women with known and unknown HIV status in Gaborone, Botswana in 2017 used the “what matters most” (WMM) and “structural vulnerability” frameworks to examine how the most valued cultural aspects of manhood interact with HIV-related stigma. WMM for manhood in Botswana included fulfilling male responsibilities by being a capable provider and maintaining social status. Being identified with HIV threatened WMM, which fear of employment discrimination could further exacerbate. Our findings indicate how cultural and structural forces interact to worsen or mitigate HIV-related stigma for urban men in Botswana. These threats to manhood deter HIV testing and treatment, but interventions could capitalize on cultural capabilities for manhood to promote stigma resistance.
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Khumo Maswabi, Oitshupile. "Risk Analysis and Countermeasures of Gender-Based Violence in Botswana." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATION AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT 4, no. 1 (2018): 60–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.18775/ijied.1849-7551-7020.2015.41.2006.

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One of the most prevalent human rights violations in the world is Gender-based violence. It knows no economic, national or social boundaries. Over 67% of women in Botswana have experienced abuse, which is more than double the global average. This research on gender-based violence in Botswana focuses on the cycle of violence within abusive relationships, why victims stay in abusive relationships, and what can be done to make them leave abusive relationships, how much they know about the effects of gender-based violence, as well as the coping mechanisms of gender-based violence. Gender-based violence occurs in many ways, and it seems to be more prevalent among married couples especially where the wife is not working, and the husband is the only breadwinner in the household. This research had been carried out in Botswana. A face-to-face interview had been conducted in Botswana randomly to see if people of Botswana are aware of this disturbing phenomenon. A visit to Kagisano Women’s shelter had been undertaken, to get first-hand information because it is where abused women are given shelter. The results of the research will assist in identifying support and resources that can be put in place to combat gender-based violence in Botswana.
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Omar, Mayada, and Ahmed Mohamed Taha. "Contributions of the National Council for Women in Promoting the Political Empowerment of Egyptian Women." Egyptian Journal of Social Work 12, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 149–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejsw.2021.57980.1123.

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7

Nadell, Pamela S., and Faith Rogow. ""Gone to Another Meeting": The National Council of Jewish Women, 1893-1993." Journal of American History 80, no. 4 (March 1994): 1494. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2080689.

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Diner, Hasia R., Faith Rogow, and Joan Bronk. "Gone to Another Meeting: The National Council of Jewish Women, 1893-1993." American Historical Review 99, no. 3 (June 1994): 982. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2167932.

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Petit, Jeanne. ""Organized Catholic Womanhood": Suffrage, Citizenship and the National Council of Catholic Women." U.S. Catholic Historian 26, no. 1 (2008): 83–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cht.2008.0015.

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10

Asante, Doris, and Laura J. Shepherd. "Gender and countering violent extremism in Women, Peace and Security national action plans." European Journal of Politics and Gender 3, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 311–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/251510820x15854973578842.

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Using discourse analysis, this research explores the representation of gender roles and identities in relation to counter-terrorism/countering violent extremism in 38 national action plans for the implementation of United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325 (2000) and associated United Nations Security Council resolutions. Representations of gender in relation to counter-terrorism/countering violent extremism in the national action plans that we analyse fix women in subordinate and passive subject positions while presuming that men are inherently violent and extremist. These findings have implications not only for scholarship on the Women, Peace and Security agenda, but also for policy practice in this area.
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11

Gosztonyi Ainley, Marianne, and Catherine Millar. "A Select Few: Women and the National Research Council of Canada, 1916-1991." Scientia Canadensis 15, no. 2 (July 6, 2009): 105–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/800331ar.

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Abstract This paper explores the interrelationship of women and the National Research Council of Canada during the 1916-1991 period. Although women received 14% of the NRC fellowships and bursaries before 1931, they fared less well during and after the Depression. Based on information obtained from primary and secondary written sources as well as from interviews with both women and men employed by the NRC, the paper traces changing trends in employment practices and improved research opportunities for women scientists at the NRC.
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12

Tesfalul, Martha, Kenneth Simbiri, Chikoti M. Wheat, Didintle Motsepe, Hayley Goldbach, Kathleen Armstrong, Kathryn Hudson, Mukendi K. Kayembe, Erle Robertson, and Carrie Kovarik. "Oncogenic Viral Prevalence in Invasive Vulvar Cancer Specimens From Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Positive and -Negative Women in Botswana." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 24, no. 4 (May 2014): 758–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/igc.0000000000000111.

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ObjectiveThe primary aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of select oncogenic viruses within vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC) and their association with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status in women in Botswana, where the national HIV prevalence is the third highest in the world.MethodsA cross-sectional study of biopsy-confirmed VSCC specimens and corresponding clinical data was conducted in Gaborone, Botswana. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) viral testing were done for Epstein-Barr virus, human papillomavirus (HPV) strains, and Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus, and PCR viral testing alone was done for John Cunningham virus.ResultsHuman papillomavirus prevalence by PCR was 100% (35/35) among tested samples. Human papillomavirus type 16 was the most prevalent HPV strain (82.9% by PCR, 94.7% by either PCR or IHC). Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus prevalence by PCR had a significant association with HIV status (P = 0.013), but not by IHC (P = 0.650).ConclusionsThe high burden of HPV, specifically HPV16, in vulvar squamous cell cancer in Botswana suggests a distinct HPV profile that differs from other studied populations, which provides increased motivation for HPV vaccination efforts. Oncogenic viruses Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus and Epstein-Barr virus were also more prevalent in our study population, although their potential role in vulvar squamous cell cancer pathology is unclear.
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Pitre, Merline. "Strategic Sisterhood: The National Council of Negro Women in the Black Freedom Struggle." Journal of American History 106, no. 2 (September 1, 2019): 531–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jahist/jaz483.

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Motlhasedi, Nna, and Olefhile Mosweu. "Policy and legal framework for digital archives curation." ESARBICA Journal: Journal of the Eastern and Southern Africa Regional Branch of the International Council on Archives 39, no. 1 (December 24, 2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/esarjo.v39i1.1.

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The purpose of this study was to explore the legislative and policy frameworks in support of digital archives curation, and the challenges inherent in digital archives curation in the context of Botswana public sector. The study used qualitative content analysis to resolve the research problem. The data collected was analysed thematically. The International Council on Archives (ICA) Principles on Access to Archives were used as a conceptual framework to guide the study. Digital curation is a function modern archivists cannot ignore nor shy away from. The study findings revealed that the legislative and policy framework for digital archives curation exists, but it is weak. In addition, the study revealed that there are constraints hindering access to archives including, among others, inadequate funding, inappropriate infrastructure, shortage of skilled personnel and time restrictions to enable wider access. Therefore, the researchers hope that insights from this study can shed light on the current state of affairs on digital archives curation and provide future directions for guiding digital archives curation at Botswana National Archives and Records Services.
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Loutfi, David, Neil Andersson, Susan Law, Leagajang Kgakole, Jon Salsberg, Jeannie Haggerty, and Anne Cockcroft. "Reaching marginalized young women for HIV prevention in Botswana: a pilot social network analysis." Global Health Promotion 27, no. 2 (March 14, 2019): 74–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1757975918820803.

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Almost one-fifth of Botswana’s population is infected with HIV. The Inter-Ministerial National Structural Intervention Trial is a trial to test the impact on HIV rates of a structural intervention that refocuses government structural support programs in favor of young women. Ensuring that the intervention reaches all vulnerable young women in any given community is a challenge. Door-to-door recruitment was inefficient in previous work, so we explored innovative ways to reach this population. We sought to understand the support networks of marginalized young women, and to test the possibility of using social networks to support universal recruitment in this population. Ego-centric and sociometric analyses were used to describe the support networks of marginalized young women. Marginalized young women go to other women and relatives for support, and they communicate face to face rather than using social media. Network maps show how young women were connected to each other. Lessons from the pilot include a better understanding of how to use social networks as a recruitment method, such as the time required and the types of community members that can help. Social networks could help reach other hard-to-reach populations.
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Stadmark, Johanna, Claudia Jesus-Rydin, and Daniel J. Conley. "Success in grant applications for women and men." Advances in Geosciences 53 (July 28, 2020): 107–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-53-107-2020.

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Abstract. Sex-disaggregated data on the success rates of applications to the individual grants at the European Research Council and selected national funding agencies show similar outcomes for women and men. There are large differences in success rates between countries and in all countries with applicants to the European Research Council men are applying disproportionally more (and women less) compared to the demography of the researchers in the higher education sectors in the respective countries. Therefore, the proportion of women funded is even lower than their representation in the fields of Natural Science and Engineering and Technology. Some contributing factors are discussed and the question on how the current and future success rates could be interpreted is raised.
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Yang, Lawrence H., Ohemaa B. Poku, Supriya Misra, Haitisha T. Mehta, Shathani Rampa, Marlene M. Eisenberg, Lyla S. Yang, et al. "Stigma, Structural Vulnerability, and “What Matters Most” Among Women Living With HIV in Botswana, 2017." American Journal of Public Health 111, no. 7 (July 2021): 1309–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2021.306274.

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Objectives. To explore whether beneficial health care policies, when implemented in the context of gender inequality, yield unintended structural consequences that stigmatize and ostracize women with HIV from “what matters most” in local culture. Methods. We conducted 46 in-depth interviews and 5 focus groups (38 individuals) with men and women living with and without HIV in Gaborone, Botswana, in 2017. Results. Cultural imperatives to bear children bring pregnant women into contact with free antenatal services including routine HIV testing, where their HIV status is discovered before their male partners’. National HIV policies have therefore unintentionally reinforced disadvantage among women with HIV, whereby men delay or avoid testing by using their partner’s status as a proxy for their own, thus facilitating blame toward women diagnosed with HIV. Gossip then defines these women as “promiscuous” and as violating the essence of womanhood. We identified cultural and structural ways to resist stigma for these women. Conclusions. Necessary HIV testing during antenatal care has inadvertently perpetuated a structural vulnerability that propagates stigma toward women. Individual- and structural-level interventions can address stigma unintentionally reinforced by health care policies.
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18

Roopchund, Randhir. "Analysing the role of National Women Entrepreneurship Council in promoting entrepreneurial culture in Mauritius." Technium Social Sciences Journal 9 (June 14, 2020): 377–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v9i1.971.

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The current study is presented as a Case study to analyse the role of the National Women Entrepreneurship Council in promoting and developing an effective entrepreneurial culture in Mauritius. The NWEC is a parastatal body working under the aegis of the Ministry of Gender, Child Development and Family Welfare. The case study seeks to provide an insight on the overall role and functions and challenges faced by the organisation to promote female entrepreneurship. The research approach is qualitative using content analysis and multi-case methods with interviews to analyse the effectiveness of the institution. The case study will be of great significance to different stakeholders including the Ministry of Gender, the women entrepreneurs and other NGOs which are actively participating to reduce gender inequality
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Kinahan, Anne-Marie. "Respectable Radicals: A History of the National Council of Women of Australia 1896–2006." Australian Historical Studies 48, no. 1 (January 2, 2017): 137–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1031461x.2016.1273052.

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20

Alessandrini, Megan. "Respectable Radicals: A History of the National Council of Women of Australia 1896-2006." Australian Journal of Politics & History 63, no. 1 (March 2017): 147–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ajph.12334.

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Atanasova-Krasteva, Nevena. "Role of Women in Security and Defense: Bulgarian National Policies and Experience." International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 23, no. 1 (June 20, 2017): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/kbo-2017-0001.

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Abstract The paper focuses on the policies for gender equality which can and should be understood as a long-term investment, not as a situational solution or a short-term cost, especially in military environment. On the basis of the UN Security Council Resolution 1325 - “Women, peace and security”, the National plan for implementation of the Resolution 1325 in the MoD in Bulgaria has been analyzed. New policies or initiatives concerning the implementation of gender in the Bulgarian Armed Forces are included with the actual information about female active duty military personnel and the perspectives to overcome the prejudices and stereotypes in people’s minds.
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Schneider, Helen M. "Mobilising Women: The Women’s Advisory Council, Resistance and Reconstruction during China’s War with Japan." European Journal of East Asian Studies 11, no. 2 (2012): 213–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700615-20121105.

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This article uses the Women’s Advisory Council of the New Life Movement to show how educated women developed their own concepts of wartime responsibilities as they conducted resistance and social construction programmes. It particularly examines their work with rural women and efforts to improve education, production, life habits and national consciousness. In transferring their vision of China’s development to uneducated compatriots in the interior, the Council cadres attempted to bolster their social authority and prove their leadership abilities. Their work explicates another dimension of the lasting consequences to wartime relief provision.
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Roy, Patricia E., and Naomi E. S. Griffiths. "The Splendid Vision: Centennial History of the National Council of Women of Canada, 1893-1994." Labour / Le Travail 35 (1995): 324. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25143926.

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Parker, Alison M. "Rebecca Tuuri. Strategic Sisterhood: The National Council of Negro Women in the Black Freedom Struggle." American Historical Review 125, no. 1 (February 1, 2020): 251–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ahr/rhz618.

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Bryan, Alice I. "A Participant's View of the National Council of Women Psychologists: Comment on Capshew and Laszlo." Journal of Social Issues 42, no. 1 (April 1986): 181–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.1986.tb00214.x.

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Clark. "“A More Universal Sisterhood”: Latter-day Saints in the National Council of Women, 1888–1987." Journal of Mormon History 47, no. 1 (2021): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/jmormhist.47.1.0087.

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Hudson, Heidi. "The Power of Mixed Messages: Women, Peace, and Security Language in National Action Plans from Africa." Africa Spectrum 52, no. 3 (December 2017): 3–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000203971705200301.

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Against the backdrop of global and continental women, peace, and security discourses, this contribution analyses the gender and women-focused language of national action plans from four African countries (Kenya, Liberia, Nigeria, and Uganda), which were drafted with a view to United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325. I argue that national action plans have the potential to transcend the soft-consensus language of Security Council resolutions because they create new spaces for feminist engagement with policy and practice. The analysis reveals three discursive themes – namely, the making of “womenandchildren,” women civilising war, and making women responsible for preventing gender-based violence. The themes relate to the construction of, respectively, gender(ed) identities, security, and violence. To varying degrees, the plans reflect a combination of predominantly liberal-feminist language interspersed with some examples of critical insight. I conclude that the ambiguous nature of the messages sent out by these plans serves as a reminder that discourses are fragmented and therefore offer an opening for nuanced contextual analyses and implementation.
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Mitchell, Heather. "The price of guidelines: revising the national guidelines for managing Australian women with abnormal Pap smears." Sexual Health 3, no. 1 (2006): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh05027.

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Australia utilises nationally approved guidelines for managing women with abnormal Pap smears. The guidelines were recently revised using the process designated by the National Health and Medical Research Council. Revising the guidelines was protracted and controversial. This paper explores the reasons for the difficulties encountered and queries the cost of undertaking such work.
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Hoosein, Sharon. "Eighteenth Annual Conference of the Canadian Council of Muslim Women." American Journal of Islam and Society 19, no. 4 (October 1, 2002): 148–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v19i4.1909.

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"Strengthening Our Voices" was a fitting topic for the most recent CanadianCouncil of Muslim Women (CCMW) conference held on September 13-15,2002, at the Bank of Montreal Learning Institute, Markham, Ontario,Canada. This national organization, with chapters across Canada, wasfounded in 1982 when Muslim women from across Canada attended thefounding conference in Winnipeg, Manitoba. This year's conference celebrated20 years of leadership and "working towards equity, equality, andempowerment." Lila Falhman, a founding member and now 78 years old,was on hand to commemorate the event. Other founding members, currentCCMW president Barbara Siddiqui, and many local chapter leaders alsowere present. The Bank of Montreal Learning Institute in Markham was theperfect venue, for it allowed almost 300 people to hear the keynote speakers.Tables were set up for silent auction and sales of the latest books byFarid £sack, Sadia Zaman, and Khaled Abou El Fad!.The invited keynote speaker, Beverly Amina McCloud, professor at DePaul University, (Chicago, IL) unfortunately could not attend. Graciouslytaking her place, however, was Sheila McDonough, professor of religion atConcordia University (Montreal, Quebec, Canada) and author of therecently released The Muslim Veil in North America: Issues and Debates(University of Toronto Press: 2002.) She engaged the audience in a livelydiscussion of the philosophical question "Can a Muslim Woman Think?"She logically argued that genetics are evenly distributed to offspring, so thatwomen receive intellect from both parents; that children think as they learn;and that, in general, all homo sapiens are thinking creatures. She used severalQur'anic verses to demonstrate that God addresses women as a groupseparately from men and also stressed that everyone is responsible for hisor her own actions on the Day of Judgment ...
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Sprenger, Elizabeth, and Pauline Webb. "Persuading the housewife to use electricity? An interpretation of material in the Electricity Council archives." British Journal for the History of Science 26, no. 1 (March 1993): 55–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087400030132.

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The Museum of Science and Industry in Manchester has recently acquired the Electricity Council archives, a body of material of national scope and a major resource for researchers into the electricity industry. The Electricity Council had previously transferred its collection of electrical artefacts to the Museum to be used in the development of the National Electricity Gallery, opened in March 1986, which it co-funded with Greater Manchester Council. In order to illustrate the content and value of these archives, this paper focuses on the promotion of the domestic use of electricity during the inter-war period, a choice of subject which relates to a strong area of the Museum's object collections. The first section outlines the acquisition and scope of the archives and describes the records therein of the Electrical Association for Women (EAW) and the British Electrical Development Association (EDA); the second section uses the relevant records of the EAW and the EDA to investigate the chosen theme, with particular reference to women's involvement and perceptions of women.
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Kinahan, Anne-Marie. "Transcendent Citizenship: Suffrage, the National Council of Women of Canada, and the Politics of Organized Womanhood." Journal of Canadian Studies 42, no. 3 (August 2008): 5–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/jcs.42.3.5.

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Yow, Valerie. "In the classroom and not at the sink: women in the National Council of Labour Colleges." History of Education 22, no. 2 (June 1993): 181–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0046760930220205.

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Shanley, P., F. C. Da Silva, and T. Macdonald. "Brazil's social movement, women and forests: a case study from the National Council of Rubber Tappers." International Forestry Review 13, no. 2 (June 1, 2011): 233–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1505/146554811797406570.

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Grant, Nicholas. "The National Council of Negro Women and South Africa: Black Internationalism, Motherhood, and the Cold War." Palimpsest: A Journal on Women, Gender, and the Black International 5, no. 1 (2016): 59–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/pal.2016.0004.

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Higgins, Amanda L. "Strategic Sisterhood: The National Council of Negro Women in the Black Freedom Struggle by Rebecca Tuuri." Journal of Southern History 85, no. 3 (2019): 732–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/soh.2019.0222.

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Hopson, Cheryl R. "Strategic Sisterhood: The National Council of Negro Women in the Black Freedom Struggle by Rebecca Tuuri." Register of the Kentucky Historical Society 118, no. 2 (2020): 377–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/khs.2020.0042.

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Orocu, Sariah. "Strategic Sisterhood: The National Council of Negro Women in the Black Freedom Struggle by Rebecca Tuuri." Alabama Review 74, no. 3 (2021): 269–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ala.2021.0030.

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Griffiths, Elizabeth, Sara Jarman, and Eric Jensen. "World Peace and Gender Equality: Addressing UN Security Council Resolution 1325’s Weaknesses." Michigan Journal of Gender & Law, no. 27.2 (2021): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.36641/mjgl.27.2.world.

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The year 2020 marks the twentieth anniversary of the passage of United Nations Security Council Resolution (“UNSCR”) 1325, the most important moment in the United Nations’ efforts to achieve world peace through gender equality. Over the past several decades, the international community has strengthened its focus on gender, including the relationship between gender and international peace and security. National governments and the United Nations have taken historic steps to elevate the role of women in governance and peacebuilding. The passage of UNSCR 1325 in 2000 foreshadowed what many hoped would be a transformational shift in international law and politics. However, the promise of gender equality has gone largely unrealized, despite the uncontroverted connection between treatment of women and the peacefulness of a nation. This Article argues for the first time that to achieve international peace and security through gender equality, the United Nations Security Council should transition its approach from making recommendations and suggestions to issuing mandatory requirements under Chapter VII of the U.N. Charter. If the Security Council and the international community believe gender equality is the best indicator of sustainable peace, then the Security Council could make a finding under Article 39 with respect to ‘a threat to the peace’—States who continue to mistreat women and girls pose a threat to international peace and security. Such a finding would trigger the Security Council’s mandatory authority to direct States to take specific actions. In exercising its mandatory authority, the Security Council should organize, support, and train grassroots organizations and require States to do the same. It should further require States to produce a reviewable National Action Plan, detailing how each State will implement its responsibilities to achieve gender equality. The Security Council should also provide culturally sensitive oversight on domestic laws which may act as a restraint on true gender equality.
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N.O., Paliy. "Partnership Biarritz: national context and international recognition." Almanac of law: The role of legal doctrine in ensuring of human rights 11, no. 11 (August 2020): 201–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.33663/2524-017x-2020-11-36.

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This article highlights the issues of equal women’s access to professions. The purpose of the study is to analyse Biarritz Partnership platform as an international gender equality initiative. Biarritz Partnership gives an opportunity to learn about positive international experience that can be a subject for imitation and use in national systems, including in Ukraine. At present, Ukraine has chosen a course to consolidate gender equality legislation, in particular, equal opportunities for women in profession. The confirmation of this is the initiation of Ukraine's accession to Biarritz Partnership. In the course of the study, it was analysed recommendations, mainly for the countries G7 regarding implementation of the progressive laws to ensure gender equality. Specifically, it was analysed such areas of combating discrimination against women, as: ending gender-based violence, ensuring inclusive, equitable, and quality education and health, promote the economic empowerment of women, and ensuring full gender equality in policies and in public life. The article focuses on the gender equality platform, which provides to countries the strategic opportunity to take a significant step toward equality through the adoption of laws and their implementation. In particular, the article analyses the Recommendation of the Gender Equality Advisory Council for advancing gender equality and the empowerment of girls and women and Call to Action. Recommendation of the Gender Equality Advisory Council contains illustrations of the laws of certain country, adoption of whose show positive developments in the area of women's rights. The platform of gender equality is created for discussion that allows leaders of G7 members and other countries to focus on gender equality, and in particular, on women's access to the profession. Biarritz Partnership draws countries' attention to urgent issues and encourages countries to dialogue to close gaps in gender legislation. The article focuses on the importance of studying, discussing and researching the international experience of countries where there is a positive practice of implementation legislation concerning women's access to the profession. This is the key to a quality settlement of the issue of protection of women's rights in Ukraine. The practical significance of this article is to explore the issue of women's free choice of profession. Such knowledge will help to remove barriers to women's access to economic opportunities. Scientific developments in this field can be used to ensure gender equality, to amend in the existing legislative of Ukraine in order to protect human rights to women's free choice of profession and place of work. Keywords: Biarritz partnership, gender equality, women's access to the profession, free choice of professions, protection of human rights
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Pitkin, Joan, Margaret C. P. Rees, Sarah Gray, Mary Ann Lumsden, Jo Marsden, John Stevenson, and Jennifer Williamson. "Managing the menopause: British Menopause Society Council consensus statement on hormone replacement therapy." British Menopause Society Journal 11, no. 4 (December 1, 2005): 152–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/136218005775544354.

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The British Menopause Society Council aims to help health professionals inform and advise women about the menopause. This guidance regarding estrogen-based hormone replacement therapy (HRT), including tibolone, which is classified in the British National Formulary as HRT, responds to the results and analysis of the randomized Women's Health Initiative studies and the observational Million Women Study. Treatment choice should be based on up-to-date information and targeted to individual women's needs. HRT still offers the potential for benefit to outweigh harm, providing the appropriate regimen has been instigated in terms of dose, route and combination.
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41

Michell, Dee. "Diversity in Leadership: Australian Women, Past and Present / Respectable Radicals: A History of the National Council of Women of Australia 1896–2006." Journal of Australian Studies 40, no. 3 (July 2, 2016): 375–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14443058.2016.1191414.

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42

Simović, Miodrag, Dragan Jovašević, and Marina Simović. "PREVENTION OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA." Knowledge International Journal 26, no. 6 (March 18, 2019): 1777–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.35120/kij26061777s.

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Domestic violence, not only in the Republic of Serbia but in other legal systems as well, is a dangerous criminal offence amongst crime violence which is going on between close relatives. Therefore, in addition to the system of criminal sanctions, various measures of preventive characters are applied more and more often against persons committing violence, in prevention of this dangerous social evil. Their goal is to prevent domestic violence in general or its recommission. Similar situation is in the Republic of Serbia where a special law has been applied since 2016.With the aim of taking organized and systematic activities of different social subjects, especially state organs to prevent and combat (repress) domestic violence or violence in relationships in the Republic of Serbia, the Government of the Republic of Serbia adopted in 2011 a “National strategy to prevent and combat violence over women in families and relationships”. This strategy is an expression of the RS Government’s resoluteness to protect women from domestic violence and relationships in advance, complying with international standards and acts on the protection of fundamental human rights - by providing support to all the subjects in their activities to prevent and combat these forms of violence. This way, the Strategy encourages application of international and domestic legal norms and standards protecting human rights, promoting gender equality and prohibiting any form of domestic or relationship violence against women, as form of violence which mostly affects women. This Strategy confirms inclusion of the Republic of Serbia into joint activities of the Council of Europe and the European Union, having the aim to raise social consciousness about the problem of domestic violence against women and forming of realistic assumptions for efficient prevention of these forms of violence. The essence of this Strategy are conclusions reached at the National Conference on combat against violence against women, held in 2007 as part of the Council of Europe’s campaign for the combating against all forms of violence against women, including domestic violence.The Strategy of the Republic of Serbia pays special attention to the group of women who are exposed (or potentially might be exposed) to multiple discrimination, as vulnerable groups of women, like women with disabilities, Roma women, mothers of disabled children, handicapped women or women with chronical diseases, women from the villages, older women, refugees or displaced women etc. This Strategy especially took into account a Recommendation of the Council of Europe 1905 (2010) on the necessity to protect children who witness domestic violence, adopted in March 2010, which leans on the Declaration of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe 1714 (2010) on Children who witness domestic violence.
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43

Mustapha, Nadira. "The Twenty-first Annual Conference of the Canadian Council of Muslim Women." American Journal of Islam and Society 21, no. 1 (January 1, 2004): 136–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v21i1.1827.

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The Canadian Council of Muslim Women (CCMW) held its Twenty-firstAnnual Conference, October 4, 2003 at Crowne Plaza, Montreal, Quebec.CCMW was established in 1982 to attain and maintain equality, equity,and empowerment for Canadian Muslim women in the North Americansetting. Participants from across Canada came to celebrate CCMW’srenowned presence throughout the nation as well as to discuss issuesrelated to the conference: “Engaging Muslim Women in Civic and SocialChange.” The conference was officially opened with the reading of theQur’an in Arabic, English, and French, followed by the Girl Guides ofCanada, Muslim Chapter, singing the Canadian national anthem. Theywere accompanied by the CCMW attendees.Dr. Homa Hoodfar (Concordia University, Quebec) opened the conferencewith the first session: “Building Civil Society in our TransnationalWorld.” Civil society, defined as a society ruled by laws and norms andobeyed by the governing body and the public, was discussed, along with itsrelationship in dealing with such minorities as Muslim women in Canada.A civil society permits a group of people to lobby and work with the publicin a democratic system to facilitate change and development. However,transnational support and solidarity are required in conjunction with lobbying.Hoodfar effectively illustrated this concept by bringing to light theorganization Women Living under Muslim Law (WLUML), which currentlycomprises 4000 individuals and organizations and has surveyed theimplementation of Islamic law in many Islamic countries. Along with servingas a platform to network, the organization exists as a powerful institutionto help Muslim women earn their civil rights and liberties.The presentation “Restoring the Glory of Muslim Women: Leadership,Scholarship, and the Family” by Dr. Azizah al Hibri (University ofRichmond, Richond, VA) passionately described another influentialwomen’s organization. Al Hibri, who has visited 12 Islamic countries, high ...
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44

Gabriel, Professor A. O. I. "Achieving Universal Basic Education in Nigeria since 1999: Woman as Partners." International Journal of Learning and Development 2, no. 5 (September 30, 2012): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijld.v2i5.2481.

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The Universal Basic Education Programme UBE in Nigeria is free and compulsory. It is the responsibility of all and so women are represented on the Board of the Universal Basic Education Commission (UBEC) as stakeholders. This discourse examined the various areas and suggested strategies that women as individuals and groups can intervene for a successful implementation of the UBE. Advocacy, monitoring funding are major intervention strategies women can undertake as partners. Their umbrella organization the National Council of Women Societies (NCWS) should strengthen partnership with UBEC for the success of UBE and for recognition as significant partners.
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Dilqem Hajizade, Fidan. "COMBATING TRAFFICKING IN HUMAN BEINGS: APPROACH OF THE COUNCIL OF EUROPE." SCIENTIFIC WORK 65, no. 04 (April 23, 2021): 234–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/65/234-236.

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The 2005 Council of Europe Convention on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings is open for signature not only by Member States of the Council of Europe, but also non-members of the Council of Europe. This Convention is comprehensive treaty mainly focused on the protection of victims of trafficking in human beings and ensure of their rights. It also aims at preventing human trafficking as well as prosecuting perpetrators. The provisions of this Convention are applied to all forms of trafficking: both national and international trafficking and whether or not it is related to organized crime. The Convention protects the rights of women, men and children who have been subjected to any form of exploitation (sexual exploitation, forced labor, services, etc.). Moreover, the Convention provides an independent monitoring mechanism to control the implementation of the provisions of the Convention. Key words: Convention on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings, Council of Europe, GRETA, exploitation, implementation, victims of human trafficking
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46

Williams, Sian Rhiannon. "The 'troublous question of the married women teachers': The Aberdare dismissals of 1908." Cylchgrawn Addysg Cymru / Wales Journal of Education 21, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 4–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.16922/wje.21.1.2.

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In February 1908, the Aberdare Education Committee resolved to dismiss all married women teachers in its Council schools. This article analyses the protest campaign which followed and its impact on the National Union of Teachers, the local labour movement and the women teachers involved. It was a 'fight' which divided the local community, the socialist movement and the teachers themselves at a time of social and political change, and one which reverberated beyond Aberdare and beyond that summer of strife. It is argued that the tensions which came to the fore are significant in understanding teacher and gender politics in Wales and Britain in the early twentieth century.
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Rossini, Daniela. "Feminism and Nationalism: The National Council of Italian Women, the World War, and the Rise of Fascism, 1911–1922." Journal of Women's History 26, no. 3 (2014): 36–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jowh.2014.0043.

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48

Henold, Mary J. "In Praise of the Card Party: A Reflection on the 100th Anniversary of the National Council of Catholic Women." American Catholic Studies 131, no. 4 (2020): 95–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/acs.2020.0066.

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49

Brooks, Alenka J., Eleanor Jane Taylor, E. A. Arthurs, Cathryn Edwards, Richard Gardner, Melanie Lockett, Penny J. Neild, Julie Solomon, Siwan Thomas-Gibson, and Jayne Eaden. "Gender differences in leadership, workforce and scholarly presentation within a national society: a gastroenterology perspective." Frontline Gastroenterology 10, no. 1 (August 7, 2018): 2–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/flgastro-2018-100981.

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In the UK, gastroenterology has been a male predominant medical speciality. Data regarding gender within workforce, academia and leadership at a national level are lacking. Data regarding scholarly presentation at the following annual conferences were collected and analysed; British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) 2013, 2014, and Digestive Diseases Federation (DDF) in 2015. Data from the 2013–2015 BSG annual workforce reports were examined. In 2015, female higher specialty trainees (STs) made up 39% (328/848) of the trainee workforce, versus 37% and 35% in 2014 and 2013. From 2013 to 2015, less than a fifth of all consultant gastroenterologists were women. Female consultant (18%), ST (39%), associate (86%) and student attendance (47%) at DDF 2015 did not change significantly from 2013 to 2014. Female speakers (trainees and consultants) were significantly lower at DDF 2015 compared with BSG 2014; 43/331 (13%) versus 56/212 (26.4%) (p=0.0001) and BSG 2013 63/231 (27%) (p=0.0001). The number of female chairs, delivery of the named lectures and prizes awarded to women did not differ across the 3-year period. Female leadership via representation at Council and Executive at BSG was 4/30 (13%) in 2015 and did not differ in 2013/2014, with no elected council members since 2008 and one female president in 1973.The proportion of female gastroenterology trainees and consultants is increasing, but remains lower than across all medical specialties and is reflected in attendance and scholarly contributions. Action within the BSG is underway to address female under-representation in leadership roles.
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Junior, Luiz Severo Bem, Nilson Batista Lemos, Júlia de Araújo Vianna, Juliana Garcia Silva, Luana Moury Fernandes Sanchez, Ana Cristina Veiga Silva, and Hildo Rocha Cirne de Azevedo. "Female insertion in neurosurgery: Evolution of a stigma break." Surgical Neurology International 12 (March 2, 2021): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/sni_817_2020.

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Background: Utilizing the Brazilian Medical Demography analysis and a literature review, we evaluated how women choose to become neurosurgeons in Brazil and around the world, specifically citing the Europe, the USA, India, and Japan. Methods: We utilized the Brazilian Medical Demography prepared by the Federal Council of Medicine and the Regional Council of Medicine of the State of São Paulo (2011, 2013, 2015, and 2018). We also included an evaluation of 20 articles from PubMed, the Scientific Electronic Library Online, and National Health Library databases (e.g., using descriptors “Women in neurosurgery” and “Career”). Results: In Brazil in 2017, women comprised 45.6% of active doctors, but only 8.6% of all neurosurgeons. Of 20 articles identified in the literature, 50% analyzed the factors that influenced how women choose neurosurgery, 40% dealt with gender differences, while just 10% included an analysis of what it is like to be a female neurosurgeon in different countries/continents. Conclusion: The participation of women in neurosurgery has increased in recent years despite the persistence of gender inequality and prejudice. More women need to be enabled to become neurosurgeons as their capabilities, manual dexterity, and judgment should be valued to improve the quality of neurosurgical health-care delivery.
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