Relevant bibliographies by topics / Bottleneck analysis

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Bottleneck analysis'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Bottleneck analysis"

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Lei, Qi, and Tong Li. "Identification approach for bottleneck clusters in a job shop based on theory of constraints and sensitivity analysis." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 231, no. 6 (May 1, 2015): 1091–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954405415583884.

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Manufacturing systems are constrained by one or more bottlenecks. Reducing bottlenecks improves the entire system. Finding bottlenecks, however, is a difficult task. In this study, a new bottleneck detection method based on theory of constrains and sensitivity analysis is presented to overcome the disadvantages of existing bottleneck identification methods for a job shop. First, a bottleneck index matrix is obtained by examining the sensitivity of system production performance to the capacity of each machine. Technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution is then employed to calculate the comprehensive bottleneck index of each machine. Based on the calculation result, bottleneck machine clusters under different hierarchies are obtained through hierarchical cluster analysis. The designed identification approach, as a prior-to-run method, can identify bottleneck machine clusters under different hierarchies before the overall system circulation, thereby providing good guidance for subsequent production optimization. Finally, a set of job-shop scheduling problem benchmarks with different scales is selected for comparison between the proposed approach and existing approaches, such as, the shifting bottleneck detection method, the bottleneck detection method based on orthogonal experiment, and the bottleneck cluster identification method. By comparison, the proposed approach is proven to be credible and superior.
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Buddas, Henrietta. "A bottleneck analysis in the IFRC supply chain." Journal of Humanitarian Logistics and Supply Chain Management 4, no. 2 (October 7, 2014): 222–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhlscm-10-2013-0036.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to further the understanding of bottlenecks occurring when preparing for humanitarian operations in the humanitarian supply chain. The focus in this paper is set on the activities of aid supply procurement and aid consolidation into standardised deliveries of humanitarian aid. Design/methodology/approach – The paper follows a qualitative case study and builds a theoretical bottleneck analysis framework, using, e.g. the theory of constraints as an important building block. The case study as such involves the IFRC supply chain. Findings – The findings in the empirical study show that there is a need for long-term planning (practical and strategic planning) of the supply procurement, as well as organisational commitment in order to remove bottlenecks in a humanitarian operation. Research limitations/implications – The research framework built for the case study is applicable in similar future analyses of humanitarian supply chain operations and projects, as well as modifiable to other types of project or operation analyses. Practical implications – This paper gives a wide perspective insight into constraining bottleneck areas as well as areas of improvement in disaster preparedness. Additionally the paper provides an applicable tool for humanitarian practitioners to use for analysing process bottlenecks, to decide on corrective actions. Originality/value – The paper constructs a bottleneck analysis framework, which can be utilised beyond the humanitarian setting. Bottleneck analyses have not previously been conducted within the humanitarian context.
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Lawrence, Stephen R., and Arnold H. Buss. "Economic analysis of production bottlenecks." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 1, no. 4 (1995): 341–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s1024123x95000202.

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The management of bottlenecks has become a central topic in the planning and control of production systems. In this paper, we critically analyze bottlenecks from an economic perspective. Using a queueing network model, we demonstrate that bottlenecks are inevitable when there are differences in job arrival rates, processing rates, or costs of productive resources. These differences naturally lead to the creation of bottlenecks both for facilities design and demand planning problems. To evaluate bottlenecks from an economic perspective, we develop the notion of an “economic bottleneck,” which defines resources as bottlenecks based on economic, rather than physical, characteristics.
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Huntsinger, Leta F., and Nagui M. Rouphail. "Bottleneck and Queuing Analysis." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2255, no. 1 (January 2011): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2255-13.

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Tang, Li, Yifeng Wang, and Xuejun Zhang. "Identifying Recurring Bottlenecks on Urban Expressway Using a Fusion Method Based on Loop Detector Data." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2019 (August 18, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5861414.

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The accurate identification of recurrent bottlenecks has been an important assumption of many studies on traffic congestion analysis and management. As one of the most widely used traffic detection devices, loop detectors can provide reliable multidimensional data for traffic bottleneck identification. Although great efforts have been put on developing bottleneck identification methods based on loop detector data, the existing studies are less informative with respect to providing accurate position of the bottlenecks and discussing the algorithm efficiency when facing with large amount of real-time data. This paper aims at improving the quality of bottleneck identification as well as avoiding excessive data processing burden. A fusion method of loop detector data with different collection cycles is proposed. It firstly determines the occurrence and the approximate locations of bottlenecks using large cycle data considering its high accuracy in determining bottlenecks occurrence. Then, the small cycle data are used to determine the accurate location and the duration time of the bottlenecks. A case study is introduced to verify the proposed method. A large set of 30 s raw loop detector data from a selected urban expressway segment in California is used. Also, the identification result is compared with the classical transformed cumulative curves method. The results show that the fusion method is valid with bottleneck identification and location positioning. We finally conclude by discussing some future improvements and potential applications.
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Öğüt, K. Selçuk, and James H. Banks. "Stability of Freeway Bottleneck Flow Phenomena." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1934, no. 1 (January 2005): 108–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105193400111.

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Data for 44 days from five extended freeway sections around bottlenecks in the San Diego, California, area were analyzed to determine the stability of the point of initial flow breakdown and the feasibility of using similar data for more extensive research into the stability of bottleneck flow phenomena. The ultimate goal of such research is to shed light on the nature of transitions from uncongested to congested flow. Analysis of speed drop sequences suggests that there is rarely a single bottleneck location within critical freeway sections. This in turn suggests that many bottlenecks should be thought of as extended sections rather than points or isolated segments. This suggests an understanding of flow transitions intermediate between the conventional view that flow breaks down consistently at a few locations and the view that flow breakdown is spontaneous and that congested flow is self-organized. Data similar to those used in this study are adequate, but not ideal, for further investigation of the stability of bottleneck flow phenomena. Specific limitations relate to the locations of detector stations and the presence of chronic data errors. This approach to the study of bottlenecks can be improved by combining direct observation with analysis of loop detector data and by using cumulative flow counts to estimate changes in the numbers of vehicles stored in freeway segments.
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Zahraee, Seyed Mojib, Saeed Rahimpour Golroudbary, Ahmad Hashemi, Jafar Afshar, and Mohammadreza Haghighi. "Simulation of Manufacturing Production Line Based on Arena." Advanced Materials Research 933 (May 2014): 744–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.933.744.

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One of the controversial issues in manufacturing systems is bottleneck. Managers and engineers are trying to find methods to eliminate the bottlenecks and waiting times in the production line. More over the manufacturing companies are striving to sustain their competiveness by decreasing the bottlenecks, total cost and increasing the productivity. The objective of this study is applying the computer simulation to analysis the production line bottlenecks. To achieve this goal a color manufacturing line was selected as a case study and the basic application of arena 13.9 software. Finally the some modifications in the simulation model are proposed to improve the production line as well as to decrease the bottleneck.
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Yagar, Sam, and Richard Hui. "Systemwide Analysis of Freeway Improvements." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1554, no. 1 (January 1996): 172–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198196155400121.

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Determining where to restripe or widen freeway sections to strategically relieve bottlenecks is a far more complicated problem than simply estimating the local capacity effects of specific lane additions. The pros and cons of reducing lane and shoulder widths to obtain an extra travel lane are discussed, with an emphasis on the effects on the overall freeway system. This study describes how increasing capacity at an upstream location can overload a downstream bottleneck and cause flow breakdown. An evaluation of potential local improvements at a number of existing bottlenecks in the westbound Highway 401 corridor in Toronto is provided; it finds that in a systems context about one-half are worthwhile, and the others have net negative effects.
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Shen, Ren Jie, Yan Yan Liang, and Jing Zhang. "Sensitive Analysis of Water-Network." Advanced Materials Research 433-440 (January 2012): 1302–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.433-440.1302.

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As a weak point, bottleneck plays a crucial role in improving the property of the whole water system. In this paper, sensitivity computation formula is defined and corresponding mathematical model is established to confirm the bottleneck of water network. And the case proves that the bottleneck streams and units can be easily confirmed by the method in this paper.
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Davy, Christina M., and Robert W. Murphy. "Conservation genetics of the endangered Spotted Turtle (Clemmys guttata) illustrate the risks of “bottleneck tests”." Canadian Journal of Zoology 92, no. 2 (February 2014): 149–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2013-0188.

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Studies of population genetics in turtles have suggested that turtles do not experience genetic impacts of bottlenecks as strongly as expected. However, recent studies cast doubt on two commonly used tests implemented in the program BOTTLENECK, suggesting that these findings should be re-evaluated. The Spotted Turtle (Clemmys guttata (Schneider, 1792)) is endangered both globally and within Canada, but genetic data required to develop effective recovery strategies are unavailable. Here, we conducted the first study of population genetic structure in C. guttata. We then used multiple small populations of C. guttata as replicates to test whether the commonly used program BOTTLENECK could detect the genetic signature of bottlenecks in our study populations, which are all thought to have experienced significant declines in the past 2–3 generations (75 years). Turtles (n = 256) were genotyped at 11 microsatellite loci. A suite of Bayesian population genetics analyses and a principal coordinates analysis identified a minimum of 6 distinct genetic populations and a maximum of 10 differentiated subpopulations across the sampled Canadian range of C. guttata, which corresponded to demographically independent units. BOTTLENECK failed to detect population declines. A literature review found that bottleneck tests in 17 of 18 previous genetic studies of tortoises and freshwater turtles were based on suboptimal sampling, potentially confounding their results. High retention of genetic diversity (allelic richness and heterozygosity) in isolated populations of C. guttata and other turtle species is encouraging for species recovery, but conclusions about the prevalence of genetic bottlenecks in such populations should be re-examined.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bottleneck analysis"

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Syed, Hidayath Ulla, and Shamnath Thajuddin. "Bottleneck improvement using simulation based optimization." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-32721.

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Manufacturing companies are constantly looking for new, innovative technologies andtools to find out the real constraints and bottlenecks that impede the performance oftheir production systems. There are several approaches and methods that have beendeveloping from decades to overcome these constraints of production processes butthey are not sufficient to pinpoint the exact location and its severity. They also generallyfall short to suggest the way to implement the right actions in the right order, to avoidsub-optimizations and wastes in time and expenses. So according to recent research inusing simulation based optimization, it is believed that some more accurate and efficientmethodology for supporting decision making in production systems development andimprovement is badly needed. SCORE (Simulation-based Constraint Removal) is apromising methodology for identifying and ranking the bottlenecks of productionsystems that utilizes simulation-based multi-objective optimization (SMO), which wasdeveloped by Pehrsson (2013) as a part of his PhD work. The main principle of thisnew methodology is the application of SMO with the objectives to maximize thethroughput and minimize the number of required improvement actions simultaneously.Additionally, by using post-optimality analysis to process the generated optimizationdataset, the precise improvement actions needed to attain a certain level of performanceof the production line are automatically put into a rank order. The main aim of thisproject is therefore to apply this new technique in a real-world context, in order tounderstand how far this technique will support for decision making, by conducting asimulation-based bottleneck analysis in one of the major Volvo group trucks facilities.This is to find out the bottlenecks and optimize it in order to increase the overallproductivity. Three research questions related to the effectiveness and accuracy of themethodology will be answered through this real-world application study.
(STREAMOD)Streamline modeling and Decision support for Facts based Production development
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Leung, Pak-kin Richard, and 梁柏堅. "Bottleneck problems in combinatorics and optimization." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42128638.

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Leung, Pak-kin Richard. "Bottleneck problems in combinatorics and optimization." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42128638.

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Galindo, Aranda Patricia Cristina. "Bottleneck analysis using reverse-score : An experimental study." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-17327.

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There are manufacturing systems all over the world and all of them present dif- ferent characteristics. To get close to those manufacturing systems and aid them to analyze data and improve their efficiency, it arises FACTS Analyzer®. The present project concerns the development of a bottleneck analysis using REVERSE- SCORE (Simulation based COnstraint REmoval), feature included in FACTS Ana- lyzer. It is used Simulation-based Multi-Objective Optimization (SMO) to ana- lyze the different variables of a production line and investigate how to best extend previous application of SMO for bottleneck detection to not only consider im- provements of system parameters but also degradations of them. Degrading some system parameters can have many hidden advantages such as reduce power con- sumption, increase material efficiency or lengthen the useful life of the machines or tools, advantages that can draw near sustainability.
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Speier, Guy. "An application to provide UNIX performance analysis, bottleneck determination and resolution /." Connect to online version of: Application to provide UNIX performance analysis, bottleneck determination and resolution, 2005. http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1793/21449.

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Madeleine, Thour. "BOTTLENECK ANALYSIS AND THROUGHPUT IMPROVEMENT THROUGH SIMULATION-BASED MULTI OBJECTIVE OPTIMIZATION." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-10771.

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Every production system has its constraints. Ever since Goldratt presented the theory of constraints in the mid 80’s a lot of effort has been made to find the best methods for constraint identification and ways to minimize the constraints in order to gain higher capacity in production. A novel method presented is Simulation-based COnstraint Removal (SCORE). The SCORE method has been proved to be more effective and detailed in the identification and sorting of the constraints when compared with other bottleneck detection methods (Pehrsson 2013). The work in this bachelor’s project has been focused on applying the method to a complex production system in order to further explore the SCORE method’s ability to identify bottlenecks and reveal opportunities to increase the throughput of a production system. NorthStar Battery Company (NSB) wishes to perform a bottleneck analysis and optimization in order to find improvements to increase the throughput with 10%. By using the SCORE method, improvement options with a potential to meet the goals of NSB was identified. It also facilitated for the author to further exploit the possibilities of simulation-based optimization and knowledge extraction through the SCORE method. By building a valid discrete event simulation model of the production line and use it for optimization, followed by a knowledge extraction, it was possible to identify the top three constraints and the level of improvement needed in the constraining operations. The identified improvements could potentially increase the throughput of the production line by 10-15 percent. The project was delimited to exclude the finishing part of the production line and only one battery variant has been included. Through continued work and analysis of the line using the SCORE method it will most likely be possible to even further increase the throughput of the production system and to provide NSB with more knowledge and opportunities to enhance their production effectiveness.
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Ekberg, Marie. "Sensitivity analysis of optimization : Examining sensitivity of bottleneck optimization to input data models." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-12624.

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The aim of this thesis is to examine optimization sensitivity in SCORE to the accuracy of particular input data models used in a simulation model of a production line. The purpose is to evaluate if it is sufficient to model input data using sample mean and default distributions instead of fitted distributions. An existing production line has been modeled for the simulation study. SCORE is based on maximizing any key performance measure of the production line while simultaneously minimizing the number of improvements necessary to achieve maximum performance. The sensitivity to the input models should become apparent the more changes required. The experiments concluded that the optimization struggles to obtain convergence when fitted distribution models were used. Configuring the input parameters to the optimization might yield better optimization result. The final conclusion is that the optimization is sensitive to what input data models are used in the simulation model.
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MAHADEVAN, SANGEETHA. "AUTOMATED SIMULATION ANALYSIS OF OVERALL EQUIPMENT EFFECTIVENESS METRICS." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1092952160.

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Bai, Linxue. "Speech analysis using very low-dimensional bottleneck features and phone-class dependent neural networks." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2018. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/8137/.

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The first part of this thesis focuses on very low-dimensional bottleneck features (BNFs), extracted from deep neural networks (DNNs) for speech analysis and recognition. Very low-dimensional BNFs are analysed in terms of their capability of representing speech and their suitability for modelling speech dynamics. Nine-dimensional BNFs obtained from a phone discrimination DNN are shown to give comparable phone recognition accuracy to 39-dimensional MFCCs, and an average of 34% higher phone recognition accuracy than formant-based features of the same dimensions. They also preserve the trajectory continuity well and thus hold promise for modelling speech dynamics. Visualisations and interpretations of the BNFs are presented, with phonetically motivated studies of the strategies that DNNs employ to create these features. The relationships between BNF representations resulting from different initialisations of DNNs are explored. The second part of this thesis considers BNFs from the perspective of feature extraction. It is motivated by the observation that different types of speech sounds lend themselves to different acoustic analysis, and that the mapping from spectra-in-context to phone posterior probabilities implemented by the DNN is a continuous approximation to a discontinuous function. This suggests that it may be advantageous to replace the single DNN with a set of phone class dependent DNNs. In this case, the appropriate mathematical structure is a manifold. It is shown that this approach leads to significant improvements in frame level phone classification accuracy.
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Castrillon, Felipe. "Theoretical analysis of the effects of bus operations on urban corridors and networks." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/54349.

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Bus systems have a large passenger capacity when compared to personal vehicles and thus have the potential to improve urban mobility. However, buses that operate in mixed vehicle traffic can undermine the effectiveness of the road system as they travel at lower speeds, take longer to accelerate and stop frequently to board and alight passengers. In traffic flow theory, buses are known as slow-moving bottlenecks that have the potential to create queue-spillbacks and thus increase the probability of gridlock. Currently, traditional metropolitan transportation planning models do not account for these negative effects on roadway capacity. Also, research methods that study multimodal operations are often simulated or algorithmic which can only provide specific results for defined inputs. The objective of this research is to model and understand the effects of bus operations (e.g., headway, number of stops, number of routes) on system performance (e.g. urban corridor and network vehicular capacity) using a parsimonious analytical approach with a few parameters.The models are built using the Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram (MFD) of traffic which provides aggregate measures of vehicle density and flow. Existing MFD theory, which accounts for corridors with only one vehicle class are extended to include network roadway systems and bus operations. The results indicate that buses have two major effects on corridors: the moving bottleneck and the bus short-block effect. Also, these corridor effects are expanded to urban networks through a vehicle density-weighted average. The models have the potential to transform urban multimodal operations and management as they provide a simple tool to capture aggregate performance of transportation systems.
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Books on the topic "Bottleneck analysis"

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Lares-Mankki, Laura. Strategy implementation bottlenecks: Identification, analysis and removal. Lappeenranta: Lappeenranta University of Technology, 1994.

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Cooke, Fang Lee. Talent Management in Emerging Economies. Edited by David G. Collings, Kamel Mellahi, and Wayne F. Cascio. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198758273.013.26.

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This chapter reviews the status quo of research on talent management in nations with emerging economies. It highlights a number of major challenges confronting these nations and some of the initiatives of the nation states to combat the bottleneck caused by talent shortages in their economic development. The chapter highlights the research conducted on various aspects of talent management, and it presents a set of research agendas for future studies. Further, it shows that research on talent management in emerging economies has largely focused on a small number of countries and multinational corporations. While there is a growing level of understanding of the effectiveness and types of talent-management activities in different national contexts and types of organizational settings, future research in this field would benefit from drawing on a broader set of disciplinary perspectives and using more robust research design and systematic analysis of practices, processes, and outcomes.
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Goodin, Robert E., and Kai Spiekermann. Institutional Hindrances to Epistemic Success. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198823452.003.0017.

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The chapter explores features of institutional design that hamper epistemic performance, especially ‘epistemic bottlenecks’. The first section looks at the influence of strong leaders. The epistemic losses can be severe, especially if the leaders are influential and their number small. The second section shows how legislative committees and smaller upper chambers can act as bottlenecks. Quality deliberation may mitigate the effect. The third section analyses the epistemic outcome when party whips or small pivotal parties are in control. Finally, bottlenecks can also be created by supermajority rules, presidential vetoes, or by ‘cooling-off periods’.
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Orr, David W. Down to the Wire. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195393538.001.0001.

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The real fault line in American politics is not between liberals and conservatives.... It is, rather, in how we orient ourselves to the generations to come who will bear the consequences, for better and for worse, of our actions. So writes David Orr in Down to the Wire, a sober and eloquent assessment of climate destabilization and an urgent call to action. Orr describes how political negligence, an economy based on the insatiable consumption of trivial goods, and a disdain for the well-being of future generations have brought us to the tipping point that biologist Edward O. Wilson calls "the bottleneck." Due to our refusal to live within natural limits, we now face a long emergency of rising temperatures, rising sea-levels, and a host of other related problems that will increasingly undermine human civilization. Climate destabilization to which we are already committed will change everything, and to those betting on quick technological fixes or minor adjustments to the way we live now, Down to the Wire is a major wake-up call. But this is not a doomsday book. Orr offers a wide range of pragmatic, far-reaching proposals--some of which have already been adopted by the Obama administration--for how we might reconnect public policy with rigorous science, bring our economy into alignment with ecological realities, and begin to regard ourselves as planetary trustees for future generations. He offers inspiring real-life examples of people already responding to the major threat to our future. An exacting analysis of where we are in terms of climate change, how we got here, and what we must now do, Down to the Wire is essential reading for those wanting to join in the Great Work of our generation.
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S, Langyintuo A., and International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center., eds. An analysis of the bottlenecks affecting the production & deployment of maize seed in eastern and southern Africa. Harare: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center, 2008.

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Ronen, Boaz, Joseph S. Pliskin, and Shimeon Pass. Constraint Management under a Market Constraint (DRAFT). Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190843458.003.0006.

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Having a market constraint means that the system has excess capacity. For such cases, this chapter shows how the seven steps of the theory of constraints (TOC) can help in increasing demand for healthcare organizations’ services. The chapter adds two other important issues: peak management and the three strategic questions for constraint management. Peak management provides tools for managing systems that are characterized by peaks and dips in demand. The three strategic questions determine whether we should design the healthcare organization with excess capacity or with a bottleneck. In the latter case, the chapter analyzes where the constraint should be located in the long run.
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Amann, Edmund, Werner Baer, Thomas Trebat, and Juan Villa Lora. Infrastructure. Edited by Edmund Amann, Carlos R. Azzoni, and Werner Baer. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190499983.013.20.

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This chapter analyzes the issues surrounding Brazil’s long-standing underinvestment in critical infrastructure. Following a survey of sectoral issues—in transportation, water, and energy—the chapter addresses the challenges that will need to be overcome if infrastructural bottlenecks are to be overcome successfully. The challenges center on regulatory as much as financial constraints. Particular areas of concern in the latter regard center on uncertainties surrounding the regulatory process, the existence of overlapping regulators and poor regulatory design. However, fiscal constraints, high financing costs and lack of technical capacity are also relevant features of the environment in which Brazilian infrastructure investment has to take place.
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Barker, Richard. Bioscience - Lost in Translation? Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198737780.001.0001.

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Medical innovation as it stands today is fundamentally unsustainable. There is a widening gap between what biomedical research promises and its current impact in terms of patient benefit and health system improvement. This book highlights the global problem, analyses underlying causes, and provides powerful prescriptions for change to close the gap.It contrasts progress in biomedicine with other areas of science and technology, such as information technology, in which there are faster, more reliable returns for society from scientific advance. It questions whether society is right to expect so much from biomedicine and why we have become accustomed to such poor returns.It focuses on four specific ‘gaps in translation’ between bioscience breakthroughs and ultimate patient benefit, and explains how unhelpful mental models and differing perceptions of value, risk, and uncertainty contribute to stifling progress.Specific examples are examined, in which these bottlenecks have prevented promised progress (e.g. antibiotic-resistant infections), and others in which these barriers have been overcome, as a result of patient pressure (e.g. HIV treatment) or a sense of impending crisis (e.g. pandemic influenza).
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Goodin, Robert E., and Kai Spiekermann. An Epistemic Theory of Democracy. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198823452.001.0001.

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One attractive feature of democracy is its ability to track the truth by information aggregation. The formal support for this claim goes back to Condorcet’s famous jury theorem. However, the theorem has often been dismissed as a mathematical curiosity because the assumptions on which the theorem is based are demanding. Such quick dismissals tend to misunderstand the original theorem. They also fail to appreciate how Condorcet’s assumptions can be weakened to obtain jury theorems that are readily applicable in the real world. The first part of the book explains the original theorem and its various extensions and introduces results to deal with the challenge of voter dependence. Part II considers opportunities to make democracies perform better in epistemic terms by improving voter competence and diversity, by dividing epistemic labour, and by preceding voting with deliberation. In the third part, political practices are looked at through an epistemic lens, focusing on the influence of tradition, following opinion leaders or cues, and on settings in which the electorate falls into diverging factions. Part IV analyses the implications for the structures of government. While arguing against the case for epistocracy, the use of deliberation and expert advice in representative democracy can lead to improved truth-tracking, provided epistemic bottlenecks are avoided. The final part summarizes the results and explores how epistemic democracy might be undermined, using as case studies the Trump and Brexit campaigns.
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Book chapters on the topic "Bottleneck analysis"

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de Palma, André, and Claude Lefèvre. "Bottleneck Models and Departure Time Problems." In The Practice of Spatial Analysis, 151–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89806-3_7.

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Malkowski, Simon, Markus Hedwig, Jason Parekh, Calton Pu, and Akhil Sahai. "Bottleneck Detection Using Statistical Intervention Analysis." In Managing Virtualization of Networks and Services, 122–34. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-75694-1_11.

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Liddle, J., A. Seyfried, and B. Steffen. "Analysis of Bottleneck Motion Using Voronoi Diagrams." In Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics, 833–36. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9725-8_83.

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Adametz, David, Mélanie Rey, and Volker Roth. "Information Bottleneck for Pathway-Centric Gene Expression Analysis." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 81–91. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11752-2_7.

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Shimamoto, Akira, Hiroyuki Aoki, and Katsimori Futase. "Rupture of Bottleneck Seal of Liquid Packaging Bags." In Experimental Analysis of Nano and Engineering Materials and Structures, 523–24. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6239-1_259.

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Jung, Gueyoung, Galen Swint, Jason Parekh, Calton Pu, and Akhil Sahai. "Detecting Bottleneck in n-Tier IT Applications Through Analysis." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 149–60. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11907466_13.

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Liu, Yi, Yunchun Li, Honggang Zhou, Jingyi Zhang, Hailong Yang, and Wei Li. "A Fine-Grained Performance Bottleneck Analysis Method for HDFS." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 159–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05677-3_17.

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Li, Huawei, Zhihuai Li, and Na Tian. "Resource Bottleneck Analysis of the Blockchain Based on Tron’s TPS." In Advances in Natural Computation, Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery, 944–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32591-6_103.

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Fiems, Dieter, Stijn De Vuyst, and Herwig Bruneel. "Flow-Level Packet Loss Analysis of a Markovian Bottleneck Buffer." In Simulation Foundations, Methods and Applications, 141–57. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33786-9_11.

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Shi-Yu, Wang, Zhang Sheng-Bing, An Jian-Feng, Huang Xiao-Ping, and Wang Dang-Hui. "Optimization Bottleneck Analysis in GPU-Based Aiming at SAR Imaging." In Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, 43–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60753-5_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Bottleneck analysis"

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Peltsverger, Svetlana, and Chi Zhang. "Bottleneck analysis with NetKit." In the 15th Annual Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2656450.2656479.

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Duttagupta, Subhasri, Rupinder Virk, and Manoj Nambiar. "Software bottleneck analysis during performance testing." In 2015 International Conference and Workshop on Computing and Communication (IEMCON). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iemcon.2015.7344508.

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Edwan, T., B. Ghita, and X. Wang. "Bottleneck Bandwidth Estimation Using Frequency Analysis." In 2007 16th International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icccn.2007.4317984.

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Qadeer, M. A., A. H. Khan, A. A. Habeeb, and M. A. Hafeez. "Bottleneck analysis and traffic congestion avoidance." In ICWET '10: International Conference and Workshop on Emerging Trends in Technology. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1741906.1741969.

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Watkins, Yijing, Oleksandr Iaroshenko, Mohammad Sayeh, and Garrett Kenyon. "Image Compression: Sparse Coding vs. Bottleneck Autoencoders." In 2018 IEEE Southwest Symposium on Image Analysis and Interpretation (SSIAI). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ssiai.2018.8470336.

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Gao, Fei, and Suleyman Sair. "Long-term Performance Bottleneck Analysis and Prediction." In 2006 International Conference on Computer Design. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccd.2006.4380786.

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Koliaï, Souad, Zakaria Bendifallah, Mathieu Tribalat, Cédric Valensi, Jean-Thomas Acquaviva, and William Jalby. "Quantifying performance bottleneck cost through differential analysis." In the 27th international ACM conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2464996.2465440.

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Dabir, Abes, and Ashraf Matrawy. "Bottleneck Analysis of Traffic Monitoring using Wireshark." In 2007 Innovations in Information Technologies (IIT). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iit.2007.4430446.

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Pan, Donghao, Min Yang, Yi Wu, and Ting Li. "Bottleneck Analysis of Ground Bus Intersection Operation." In 19th COTA International Conference of Transportation Professionals. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784482292.141.

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Shen, Du, Qi Luo, Denys Poshyvanyk, and Mark Grechanik. "Automating performance bottleneck detection using search-based application profiling." In ISSTA '15: International Symposium on Software Testing and Analysis. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2771783.2771816.

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Reports on the topic "Bottleneck analysis"

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Muscettola, Nicola. An Experimental Analysis of bottleneck-Centered Opportunistic Scheduling. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada266643.

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Worger, Danielle, Teresa Wu, Eugene R. Jalao, Christopher Auger, Lars Baldus, Brian Yoshimoto, J. R. Wirthlin, and John Colombi. Bottleneck Analysis on the DoD Pre-Milestone B Acquisition Processes. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada584844.

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Pezoulas, Patrick K., and Karl N. Muno. Bottleneck Information and Reduction: An analysis of the Logistics Reparable Pipeline. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada369452.

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Rosati, III, Frey James, Brown Ashley E., Lin Mitchell E., and Lihwa. Analysis of Dredged Material Placement Alternatives for Bottleneck Removal, Matagorda Ship Channel, Texas. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada571430.

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Frazer, Sarah, Anna Wetterberg, and Eric Johnson. The Value of Integrating Governance and Sector Programs: Evidence from Senegal. RTI Press, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2021.rb.0028.2109.

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Abstract:
As the global community works toward the Sustainable Development Goals, closer integration between governance and sectoral interventions offers a promising, yet unproven avenue for improving health service delivery. We interrogate what value an integrated governance approach, intentionally combining governance and sectoral investments in strategic collaboration, adds to health service readiness and delivery using data from a study in Senegal. Our quasi-experimental research design compared treatment and control communes to determine the value added of an integrated governance approach in Senegal compared to health interventions alone. Our analysis shows that integrated governance is associated with improvements in some health service delivery dimensions, specifically, in aspects of health facility access and quality. These findings—that health facilities are more open, with higher quality infrastructure and staff more frequently following correct procedures after integrated governance treatment—suggests a higher level of service readiness. We suggest that capacity building of governance structures and an emphasis on social accountability could explain the added value of integrating governance and health programming. These elements may help overcome a critical bottleneck between citizens and local government often seen with narrower sector or governance-only approaches. We discuss implications for health services in Senegal, international development program design, and further research.
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Amela, R., R. Badia, S. Böhm, R. Tosi, C. Soriano, and R. Rossi. D4.2 Profiling report of the partner’s tools, complete with performance suggestions. Scipedia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23967/exaqute.2021.2.023.

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This deliverable focuses on the proling activities developed in the project with the partner's applications. To perform this proling activities, a couple of benchmarks were dened in collaboration with WP5. The rst benchmark is an embarrassingly parallel benchmark that performs a read and then multiple writes of the same object, with the objective of stressing the memory and storage systems and evaluate the overhead when these reads and writes are performed in parallel. A second benchmark is dened based on the Continuation Multi Level Monte Carlo (C-MLMC) algorithm. While this algorithm is normally executed using multiple levels, for the proling and performance analysis objectives, the execution of a single level was enough since the forthcoming levels have similar performance characteristics. Additionally, while the simulation tasks can be executed as parallel (multi-threaded tasks), in the benchmark, single threaded tasks were executed to increase the number of simulations to be scheduled and stress the scheduling engines. A set of experiments based on these two benchmarks have been executed in the MareNostrum 4 supercomputer and using PyCOMPSs as underlying programming model and dynamic scheduler of the tasks involved in the executions. While the rst benchmark was executed several times in a single iteration, the second benchmark was executed in an iterative manner, with cycles of 1) Execution and trace generation; 2) Performance analysis; 3) Improvements. This had enabled to perform several improvements in the benchmark and in the scheduler of PyCOMPSs. The initial iterations focused on the C-MLMC structure itself, performing re-factors of the code to remove ne grain and sequential tasks and merging them in larger granularity tasks. The next iterations focused on improving the PyCOMPSs scheduler, removing existent bottlenecks and increasing its performance by making the scheduler a multithreaded engine. While the results can still be improved, we are satised with the results since the granularity of the simulations run in this evaluation step are much ner than the one that will be used for the real scenarios. The deliverable nishes with some recommendations that should be followed along the project in order to obtain good performance in the execution of the project codes.
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