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1

Nikiforova, Natal'ya, Svetlana Milovidova, and Tat'yana Izzuka. Controlling business efficiency. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2025. https://doi.org/10.12737/2162917.

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The textbook covers the main issues of controlling and analyzing the effectiveness of an organization's business processes. It is when managing business processes that an entrepreneur incurs the main costs and receives the main income, which subsequently forms the financial result of the entire activity or other beneficial effect. Therefore, the analysis of indicators and factors of cost formation and business development is an important task for the organization's analysts. Controlling and analyzing the effectiveness of business processes help to identify bottlenecks, problem areas and optimi
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2

Lewandowsky, Jan, and Gerhard Bauch, eds. Theory and Application of the Information Bottleneck Method. MDPI, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/books978-3-7258-0461-0.

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3

Ronen, Boaz, Joseph S. Pliskin, and Shimeon Pass. Constraint Management in a Bottleneck Environment (DRAFT). Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190843458.003.0005.

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This chapter introduces steps 4 through 7 of the theory of constraints—that, respectively, decide how to exploit and utilize the constraint, subordinate the system to the constraint, elevate and break the constraint, and do not let inertia become the system constraint. The chapter shows how to achieve more using the existing resources by focusing on the bottleneck. For example, reducing waste (“garbage time”) of the bottleneck can quite quickly increase the system’s throughput. The subordination of the rest of the system to the bottleneck is then discussed. For this purpose, the scheduling mec
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4

Fishkin, Joseph. Bottlenecks: A New Theory of Equal Opportunity. Oxford University Press, Incorporated, 2016.

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5

Fishkin, Joseph. Bottlenecks: A New Theory of Equal Opportunity. Oxford University Press, Incorporated, 2013.

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6

Bottlenecks: A New Theory of Equal Opportunity. Oxford University Press, Incorporated, 2013.

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7

Bottlenecks: A New Theory of Equal Opportunity. Oxford University Press, 2014.

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8

Ronen, Boaz, Joseph S. Pliskin, and Shimeon Pass. Constraint Management under a Market Constraint (DRAFT). Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190843458.003.0006.

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Having a market constraint means that the system has excess capacity. For such cases, this chapter shows how the seven steps of the theory of constraints (TOC) can help in increasing demand for healthcare organizations’ services. The chapter adds two other important issues: peak management and the three strategic questions for constraint management. Peak management provides tools for managing systems that are characterized by peaks and dips in demand. The three strategic questions determine whether we should design the healthcare organization with excess capacity or with a bottleneck. In the l
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9

Petit, Nicolas. Big Tech and the Digital Economy. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198837701.001.0001.

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To date, world antitrust and regulatory agencies have invariably described large technology companies—such as Google, Amazon, Microsoft, Apple, and Facebook—as dominant, bottleneck or gatekeeping companies comparable to the textbook monopolists of the early twentieth century. They have proceeded on this basis to discipline their business activities with unprecedented financial penalties and other regulatory obligations. This “techlash” is the subject of this book. Proceeding from the observation that big tech firms engage in both monopoly and oligopoly competition across digital markets, the b
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10

Mole, Christopher. Attention. Edited by Eric Margolis, Richard Samuels, and Stephen P. Stich. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195309799.013.0009.

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The article focuses on Broadbent's approach to the explanation of attention. Broadbent shows that one's information-processing resources have sufficient capacity to encode the simple physical properties of all the stimuli that one is presented with, but have only a limited capacity for the encoding of the semantic properties of those stimuli. The resulting model depicts perceptual processing as proceeding in two stages. The first stage entails that a large capacity sensory system processes the physical features of all stimuli in parallel. A subset of the representations generated by the large
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11

Mehta, Vaishali, Dolly Sharma, Monika Mangla, Anita Gehlot, Rajesh Singh, and Sergio Márquez Sánchez, eds. Challenges and Opportunities for Deep Learning Applications in Industry 4.0. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/97898150360601220101.

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The competence of deep learning for the automation and manufacturing sector has received astonishing attention in recent times. The manufacturing industry has recently experienced a revolutionary advancement despite several issues. One of the limitations for technical progress is the bottleneck encountered due to the enormous increase in data volume for processing, comprising various formats, semantics, qualities and features. Deep learning enables detection of meaningful features that are difficult to perform using traditional methods. The book takes the reader on a technological voyage of th
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12

Ronen, Boaz, Joseph S. Pliskin, and Shimeon Pass. The Seven Focusing Steps of the Theory of Constraints (DRAFT). Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190843458.003.0004.

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The theory of constraints has the potential to increase throughput significantly, using existing resources. It consists of seven focusing steps that, when applied, can create extra capacity in operating rooms, emergency departments, imaging services, labs, and so on. The seven steps are simple, intuitive, and easy to implement. This chapter discusses the first three steps of the theory of constraints: determining the system’s goal, establishing global performance measures, and identifying the system constraint. Tools are provided for identifying bottlenecks and determining measures of performa
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13

Goodin, Robert E., and Kai Spiekermann. Institutional Hindrances to Epistemic Success. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198823452.003.0017.

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The chapter explores features of institutional design that hamper epistemic performance, especially ‘epistemic bottlenecks’. The first section looks at the influence of strong leaders. The epistemic losses can be severe, especially if the leaders are influential and their number small. The second section shows how legislative committees and smaller upper chambers can act as bottlenecks. Quality deliberation may mitigate the effect. The third section analyses the epistemic outcome when party whips or small pivotal parties are in control. Finally, bottlenecks can also be created by supermajority
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14

Goodin, Robert E., and Kai Spiekermann. An Epistemic Theory of Democracy. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198823452.001.0001.

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One attractive feature of democracy is its ability to track the truth by information aggregation. The formal support for this claim goes back to Condorcet’s famous jury theorem. However, the theorem has often been dismissed as a mathematical curiosity because the assumptions on which the theorem is based are demanding. Such quick dismissals tend to misunderstand the original theorem. They also fail to appreciate how Condorcet’s assumptions can be weakened to obtain jury theorems that are readily applicable in the real world. The first part of the book explains the original theorem and its vari
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15

Cooke, Fang Lee. Talent Management in Emerging Economies. Edited by David G. Collings, Kamel Mellahi, and Wayne F. Cascio. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198758273.013.26.

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This chapter reviews the status quo of research on talent management in nations with emerging economies. It highlights a number of major challenges confronting these nations and some of the initiatives of the nation states to combat the bottleneck caused by talent shortages in their economic development. The chapter highlights the research conducted on various aspects of talent management, and it presents a set of research agendas for future studies. Further, it shows that research on talent management in emerging economies has largely focused on a small number of countries and multinational c
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16

Özdoğan, Mehmet. Eastern Thrace: the Contact Zone Between Anatolia and the Balkans. Edited by Gregory McMahon and Sharon Steadman. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195376142.013.0029.

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This article presents a conspectus on the prehistory of northwestern Turkey, mainly focusing on the role played by eastern Thrace at the intersection of Anatolia, the Aegean, and the Balkans. It considers the question of whether Thrace was a bridge or a barrier between the east and the west, while acknowledging that there are substantial lacunae in our knowledge on every issue noted herein. Accordingly, what is reported here should not be considered conclusive, but as more of a general overview. There are major problems in assessing the evidence from northwestern Turkey and the region known as
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17

Yu, Angela J. Bayesian Models of Attention. Edited by Anna C. (Kia) Nobre and Sabine Kastner. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199675111.013.025.

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Traditionally, attentional selection has been thought of as arising naturally from resource limitations, with a focus on what might be the most apt metaphor, e.g. whether it is a ‘bottleneck’ or ‘spotlight’. However, these simple metaphors cannot account for the specificity, flexibility, and heterogeneity of the way attentional selection manifests itself in different behavioural contexts. A recent body of theoretical work has taken a different approach, focusing on the computational needs of selective processing, relative to environmental constraints and behavioural goals. They typically adopt
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18

Pawley, Andrew. Linguistic Evidence as a Window into the Prehistory of Oceania. Edited by Ethan E. Cochrane and Terry L. Hunt. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199925070.013.006.

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Historical linguistics is a key witness in reconstructing the prehistory of Oceania. The extraordinary number of Papuan (non-Austronesian) language families in Near Oceania is consistent with archaeological evidence that this region was settled over 40,000 years ago. One family, Trans New Guinea, is exceptional in its wide distribution, suggesting that its expansion was underpinned by technological advances. Most Austronesian languages of Oceania fall into a single branch of the family, Oceanic, indicating that they stem from a bottleneck in the Austronesian expansion into the southwest Pacifi
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19

Binh, Vu Thien. Electron cold sources: Nanotechnology contribution to field emitters. Edited by A. V. Narlikar and Y. Y. Fu. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199533060.013.21.

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This article reviews recent advances in field emission cathodes and their applications, focusing on a number of possibilities emerging from the field of nanotechnology. It begins with an overview of the driving forces for the evolution of cold cathodes, laying emphasis on their fundamental characteristics and industrial applications as well as the bottlenecks of metallic field emitters. It then considers single-atom emitters, followed by different examples where the advent of nanotechnology has contributed towards improving new cold cathodes. It also discusses the Fresnel projection microscope
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20

Barker, Richard. Bioscience - Lost in Translation? Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198737780.001.0001.

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Medical innovation as it stands today is fundamentally unsustainable. There is a widening gap between what biomedical research promises and its current impact in terms of patient benefit and health system improvement. This book highlights the global problem, analyses underlying causes, and provides powerful prescriptions for change to close the gap.It contrasts progress in biomedicine with other areas of science and technology, such as information technology, in which there are faster, more reliable returns for society from scientific advance. It questions whether society is right to expect so
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21

Singh, Harbir, Ananth Padmanabhan, and Ezekiel J. Emanuel, eds. Conclusion. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199476084.003.0010.

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Innovation is an extremely context-specific activity, with both the problems sought to be addressed and the solutions at hand being shaped by the structure and flavour of predominant private activity in the domestic economy, sectoral regulations and State support, and local market needs and purchasing power. In this regard, both public and private entities have been successful in tackling several infrastructure bottlenecks and institutional voids to achieve their goals, promoting innovation along the way. At the same time, several impediments to innovation exist in India, the absence of which
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22

Farias, Pedro Lima Gondim de, and Marcus Aurélio de Freitas Barros. Advocacia na Era Digital: Uma análise sobre possíveis impactos práticos e jurídicos das novas tecnologias na dinâmica da advocacia privada. Brazil Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31012/978-65-5861-213-1.

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This work aims to analyze the possible practical and legal repercussions of the implementation of technologies characteristic of the digital age in the dynamics of advocacy. Considering the increasing influence that scientific advances have exercised not only in human life, but especially in the ways of working and in the models of the professions, the objective was to prospectively investigate the transformations of this context in advocacy. In order to improve the understanding of the research, three common sectors-activities were separated between the more traditional advocacy: manual labor
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23

Hilgurt, S. Ya, and O. A. Chemerys. Reconfigurable signature-based information security tools of computer systems. PH “Akademperiodyka”, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/akademperiodyka.458.297.

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The book is devoted to the research and development of methods for combining computational structures for reconfigurable signature-based information protection tools for computer systems and networks in order to increase their efficiency. Network security tools based, among others, on such AI-based approaches as deep neural networking, despite the great progress shown in recent years, still suffer from nonzero recognition error probability. Even a low probability of such an error in a critical infrastructure can be disastrous. Therefore, signature-based recognition methods with their theoretic
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24

Fuss, Sabine. The 1.5°C Target, Political Implications, and the Role of BECCS. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228620.013.585.

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The 2°C target for global warming had been under severe scrutiny in the run-up to the climate negotiations in Paris in 2015 (COP21). Clearly, with a remaining carbon budget of 470–1,020 GtCO2eq from 2015 onwards for a 66% probability of stabilizing at concentration levels consistent with remaining below 2°C warming at the end of the 21st century and yearly emissions of about 40 GtCO2 per year, not much room is left for further postponing action. Many of the low stabilization pathways actually resort to the extraction of CO2 from the atmosphere (known as negative emissions or Carbon Dioxide Rem
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