Journal articles: 'Bovin Serum Albumin Nanoparticles Self-Assembly'

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Levit, Shani L., Rebecca C. Walker, and Christina Tang. "Rapid, Single-Step Protein Encapsulation via Flash NanoPrecipitation." Polymers 11, no. 9 (August 27, 2019): 1406. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11091406.

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Flash NanoPrecipitation (FNP) is a rapid method for encapsulating hydrophobic materials in polymer nanoparticles with high loading capacity. Encapsulating biologics such as proteins remains a challenge due to their low hydrophobicity (logP < 6) and current methods require multiple processing steps. In this work, we report rapid, single-step protein encapsulation via FNP using bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a model protein. Nanoparticle formation involves complexation and precipitation of protein with tannic acid and stabilization with a cationic polyelectrolyte. Nanoparticle self-assembly is driven by hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions. Using this approach, high encapsulation efficiency (up to ~80%) of protein can be achieved. The resulting nanoparticles are stable at physiological pH and ionic strength. Overall, FNP is a rapid, efficient platform for encapsulating proteins for various applications.

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Li, Zikun, Xiaohan Wang, Man Zhang, Hongjun He, Bin Liang, Chanchan Sun, Xiulian Li, and Changjian Ji. "The Loading of Epigallocatechin Gallate on Bovine Serum Albumin and Pullulan-Based Nanoparticles as Effective Antioxidant." Foods 11, no. 24 (December 16, 2022): 4074. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11244074.

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Due to its poor stability and rapid metabolism, the biological activity and absorption of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is limited. In this work, EGCG-loaded bovine serum albumin (BSA)/pullulan (PUL) nanoparticles (BPENs) were successfully fabricated via self-assembly. This assembly was driven by hydrogen bonding, which provided the desired EGCG loading efficiency, high stability, and a strong antioxidant capacity. The encapsulation efficiency of the BPENs was above 99.0%. BPENs have high antioxidant activity in vitro, and, in this study, their antioxidant capacity increased with an increase in the EGCG concentration. The in vitro release assays showed that the BPENs were released continuously over 6 h. The Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) analysis indicated the presence of hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interactions, and electrostatic interactions, which were the driving forces for the formation of the EGCG carrier nanoparticles. Furthermore, the transmission electron microscope (TEM) images demonstrated that the BSA/PUL-based nanoparticles (BPNs) and BPENs both exhibited regular spherical particles. In conclusion, BPENs are good delivery carriers for enhancing the stability and antioxidant activity of EGCG.

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Niu, Xiaoqin, Yuhong Chen, and Haobin Hu. "Cross-Linked Networks of 1,6-Hexanedithiol with Gold Nanoparticles to Improve Permeation Flux of Polyethersulfone Membrane." Membranes 12, no. 12 (November 29, 2022): 1207. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12121207.

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It is a great challenge to design and prepare polymeric membranes with excellent permeability and good rejection. In this study, a modifier of gold nanoparticles for crosslinking and self-assembly by 1,6-hexanedithiol is fabricated and used to modify the polyethersulfone membrane as an additive, which forms a uniform porous membrane by liquid–liquid phase conversion technology. The morphology of the membrane is investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the change of the hydrophilicity of the membrane surface after modification is measured by the contact angle goniometer, and the performance of the fabricated membrane is measured by evaluating the pure water flux and the rejection ratio of bovine serum albumin. The results indicate that the permeability of the modified membrane has a significant improvement. When the mass fraction of the modifying agent is 5 wt%, the water flux of the modified membrane reaches up to 131.6 L m−2 h−1, and has a good rejection ratio to bovine serum albumin. In short, this work plays an important role in improving the flux of the membrane and maintaining good separation performance.

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Yakimova, Luidmila, Aisylu Kunafina, Olga Mostovaya, Pavel Padnya, Timur Mukhametzyanov, Alexandra Voloshina, Konstantin Petrov, Artur Boldyrev, and Ivan Stoikov. "Albumin/Thiacalix[4]arene Nanoparticles as Potential Therapeutic Systems: Role of the Macrocycle for Stabilization of Monomeric Protein and Self-Assembly with Ciprofloxacin." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 17 (September 2, 2022): 10040. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms231710040.

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The therapeutic application of serum albumin is determined by the relative content of the monomeric form compared to dimers, tetramers, hexamers, etc. In this paper, we propose and develop an approach to synthesize the cone stereoisomer of p-tert-butylthiacalix[4]arene with sulfobetaine fragments stabilization of monomeric bovine serum albumin and preventing aggregation. Spectral methods (UV-vis, CD, fluorescent spectroscopy, and dynamic light scattering) established the influence of the synthesized compounds on the content of monomeric and aggregated forms of BSA even without the formation of stable thiacalixarene/protein associates. The effect of thiacalixarenes on the efficiency of protein binding with the antibiotic ciprofloxacin was shown by fluorescence spectroscopy. The binding constant increases in the presence of the macrocycles, likely due to the stabilization of monomeric forms of BSA. Our study clearly shows the potential of this macrocycle design as a platform for the development of the fundamentally new approaches for preventing aggregation.

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McDonagh, Birgitte H., Gurvinder Singh, Sulalit Bandyopadhyay, Sina M. Lystvet, Joseph A. Ryan, Sondre Volden, Eugene Kim, Ioanna Sandvig, Axel Sandvig, and Wilhelm R. Glomm. "Controlling the self-assembly and optical properties of gold nanoclusters and gold nanoparticles biomineralized with bovine serum albumin." RSC Advances 5, no. 122 (2015): 101101–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra23423a.

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Sarnello, Erik, and Tao Li. "Synthesis and Advanced Characterization of Polymer–Protein Core–Shell Nanoparticles." Catalysts 11, no. 6 (June 13, 2021): 730. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11060730.

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Enzyme immobilization techniques are widely researched due to their wide range of applications. Polymer–protein core–shell nanoparticles (CSNPs) have emerged as a promising technique for enzyme/protein immobilization via a self-assembly process. Based on the desired application, different sizes and distribution of the polymer–protein CSNPs may be required. This work systematically studies the assembly process of poly(4-vinyl pyridine) and bovine serum albumin CSNPs. Average particle size was controlled by varying the concentrations of each reagent. Particle size and size distributions were monitored by dynamic light scattering, ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering, small-angle X-ray scattering and transmission electron microscopy. Results showed a wide range of CSNPs could be assembled ranging from an average radius as small as 52.3 nm, to particles above 1 µm by adjusting reagent concentrations. In situ X-ray scattering techniques monitored particle assembly as a function of time showing the initial particle growth followed by a decrease in particle size as they reach equilibrium. The results outline a general strategy that can be applied to other CSNP systems to better control particle size and distribution for various applications.

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Ravera, Mauro, Elisabetta Gabano, Elena Perin, Beatrice Rangone, Diego Bonzani, and Domenico Osella. "Can the Self-Assembling of Dicarboxylate Pt(IV) Prodrugs Influence Their Cell Uptake?" Bioinorganic Chemistry and Applications 2021 (June 19, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9489926.

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The possibility of spontaneous self-assembly of dicarboxylato Pt(IV) prodrugs and the consequences on their uptake in cancer cells have been evaluated in different aqueous solutions. Four Pt(IV) complexes, namely, (OC-6-33)-diacetatodiamminedichloridoplatinum(IV), Ace, (OC-6-33)-diamminedibutanoatodichloridoplatinum(IV), But, (OC-6-33)-diamminedichloridodihexanoatoplatinum(IV), Hex, and (OC-6-33)-diamminedichloridodioctanoatoplatinum(IV), Oct, have been dispersed in i) milliQ water, ii) phosphate buffered saline, and iii) complete cell culture media (RPMI 1640 or DMEM) containing fetal bovine serum (FBS). The samples have been analyzed by dynamic light scattering (DLS) to measure the size and distribution of the nanoparticles possibly present. The zeta potential offered an indication of the stability of the resulting aggregates. In the case of the most lipophilic compounds of the series, namely, Oct and to a lesser extent Hex, the formation of nanosized aggregates has been observed, in particular at the highest concentration tested (10 μM). The cell culture media had the effect to disaggregate these nanoparticles, mainly by virtue of their albumin content, able to interact with the organic chains via noncovalent (hydrophobic) interactions. For Oct, at the highest concentration employed for the uptake tests (10 μM), the combination between passive diffusion and endocytosis of the self-assembled nanoparticles makes the cellular uptake higher than in the presence of passive diffusion only. During the study of cellular uptake on A2780 ovarian cancer cells pretreated with cytochalasin D, a statistically significant inhibition of endocytosis was observed for Oct. In these experimental conditions, the relationship between uptake and lipophilicity becomes almost linear instead of exponential. Since Oct anticancer prodrug is active at nanomolar concentrations, where the aggregation in culture media is almost abolished, this phenomenon should not significantly impact its antiproliferative activity.

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Rusu, Alina Gabriela, Aurica P. Chiriac, Loredana Elena Nita, Irina Rosca, Daniela Rusu, and Iordana Neamtu. "Self-Assembled Nanocarriers Based on Modified Chitosan for Biomedical Applications: Preparation and Characterization." Polymers 12, no. 11 (November 4, 2020): 2593. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12112593.

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Protein-polysaccharide systems are of increasing interest as their combined attributes allow for fulfilling a broad range of applications in biomedical and pharmaceutical fields. In this study, the preparation of nanogels based on maleic anhydride chitosan derivatives (MAC) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) was achieved through a self-assembly process performed in aqueous phase. A series of experiments performed by varying the concentrations of MAC and BSA were conducted to find an appropriate mixing ratio for the polymer solutions leading to thermodynamically stable nanogels with the ability to encapsulate active compounds. The influence of temperature on the formation of nanogels was also studied. The consequent conformational changes were monitored using ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) spectrophotometry. The spectrophotometric investigations combined with diffraction light scattering (DLS) technique and zeta potential measurement results were correlated to determine the interaction mechanism and assess the self-assembling processes during nanogel formation. It was found that the hydrodynamic diameter (Dh) of the nanoparticles increased slightly at acidic pH, and the protonation of ionizable amino groups with the pH was confirmed by the zeta potential measurements. MAC/BSA nanogels also exhibited antimicrobial properties after being loaded with amoxicillin (Amox), which is an antibiotic used for the treatment of various infections. The experimental data resulting from this study provide theoretical guidance for the design and development of attractive nanocarriers for a large variety of biomedical applications.

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Upadhyaya, Lakshmeesha, Mona Semsarilar, Damien Quemener, Rodrigo Fernández-Pacheco, Gema Martinez, Isabel M. Coelhoso, Suzana P. Nunes, João G. Crespo, Reyes Mallada, and Carla A. M. Portugal. "Block Copolymer-Based Magnetic Mixed Matrix Membranes—Effect of Magnetic Field on Protein Permeation and Membrane Fouling." Membranes 11, no. 2 (February 2, 2021): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11020105.

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In this study, we report the impact of the magnetic field on protein permeability through magnetic-responsive, block copolymer, nanocomposite membranes with hydrophilic and hydrophobic characters. The hydrophilic nanocomposite membranes were composed of spherical polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized through polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) with iron oxide NPs coated with quaternized poly(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate. The hydrophobic nanocomposite membranes were prepared via nonsolvent-induced phase separation (NIPS) containing poly (methacrylic acid) and meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid-coated superparamagnetic nanoparticles (SPNPs). The permeation experiments were carried out using bovine serum albumin (BSA) as the model solute, in the absence of the magnetic field and under permanent and cyclic magnetic field conditions OFF/ON (strategy 1) and ON/OFF (strategy 2). It was observed that the magnetic field led to a lower reduction in the permeate fluxes of magnetic-responsive membranes during BSA permeation, regardless of the magnetic field strategy used, than that obtained in the absence of the magnetic field. Nevertheless, a comparative analysis of the effect caused by the two cyclic magnetic field strategies showed that strategy 2 allowed for a lower reduction of the original permeate fluxes during BSA permeation and higher protein sieving coefficients. Overall, these novel magneto-responsive block copolymer nanocomposite membranes proved to be competent in mitigating biofouling phenomena in bioseparation processes.

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Lépinay, Sandrine, Guillaume Laffont, Giséle Volet, Véronique Wintgens, Pierre Ferdinand, Marie Claude Millot, and Benjamin Carbonnier. "Cyclodextrin-Based Supramolecular Multilayer Assemblies for the Design of Biological Optical Sensors Using Tilted Fiber Bragg Gratings." Key Engineering Materials 495 (November 2011): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.495.45.

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In this work, we demonstrate the possibility to use optical fiber incorporating photowritten tilted fiber Bragg gratings (TFBG) as optical detection system for the real time monitoring of interfacial adsorption events and biological recognition. For this purpose, immobilization of cyclodextrin polymers onto the surface of optical fiber was envisioned through the layer-by-layer self-assembly method with the aim of developing sensing layers with well-defined host properties. To develop a biological sensor, amphiphilic dextran, acting as intermediate layer between the polyelectrolyte multilayer assembly and the biological probe, was immobilized though inclusion complex formation. The dextran layer exhibit a dual functionality: (i) it prevents non-specific proteins adsorption and (ii) it allows covalent immobilization of anti-bovine serum albumine through activation of the hydroxyl groups with 1,1’-carbonyl diimidazole. To verify the feasibility of our strategy, fluorescence microscopy was applied to evidence the effective inclusion of fluorescent macromolecular – flurorescein labelled dextran bearing adamantane as side-grafts – species within the cyclodextrin cavities present onto the optical fiber interface and at the last layer to prove the grafting of anti bovin serum albumin onto the amphiphilic dextran by a capture of fluorescein bovin serum albumin by the antibody layer. In a further step, it was demonstrated that the elaboration of the multilayer assembly can be monitored in real time using the TFBG sensor.

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Sun, Yating, Robert J. Lee, Fanchao Meng, Guiyuan Wang, Xiaolong Zheng, Shiyan Dong, and Lesheng Teng. "Microfluidic self-assembly of high cabazitaxel loading albumin nanoparticles." Nanoscale 12, no. 32 (2020): 16928–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9nr10941b.

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Zhang, Guangyuan, Jin Qiao, Xin Liu, Yuran Liu, Ji Wu, Long Huang, Danyang Ji, and Qingxiang Guan. "Interactions of Self-Assembled Bletilla Striata Polysaccharide Nanoparticles with Bovine Serum Albumin and Biodistribution of Its Docetaxel-Loaded Nanoparticles." Pharmaceutics 11, no. 1 (January 19, 2019): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics11010043.

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: Amphiphilic copolymers of stearic acid (SA)-modified Bletilla striata polysaccharides (BSPs-SA) with three different degrees of substitution (DSs) were synthesized. The effects of DS values on the properties of BSPs-SA nanoparticles were evaluated. Drug state, cytotoxicity, and histological studies were carried out. The affinity ability of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and the BSPs-SA nanoparticles was also characterized utilizing ultraviolet and fluorescence spectroscopy. Besides, the bioavailability and tissue distribution of docetaxel (DTX)-loaded BSPs-SA nanoparticles were also assessed. The results demonstrated that the DS increase of the hydrophobic stearic acid segment increased the negative charge, encapsulation efficiency, and drug-loading capacity while decreasing the critical aggregation concentration value as well as the release rate of docetaxel from the nanoparticles. Docetaxel was encapsulated in nanoparticles at the small molecules or had an amorphous status. The inhibitory capability of DTX-loaded BSPs-SA nanoparticles against 4T1 tumor cells was superior to that of Duopafei®. The ultraviolet and fluorescence results exhibited a strong binding affinity between BSPs-SA nanoparticles and bovine serum albumin, but the conformation of bovine serum albumin was not altered. Additionally, the area under the concentration–time curve (AUC0–∞) of DTX-loaded BSPs-SA nanoparticles was about 1.42-fold higher compared with Duopafei® in tumor-bearing mice. Docetaxel levels of DTX-loaded BSPs-SA nanoparticles in some organs changed, and more docetaxel accumulated in the liver, spleen, and the tumor compared with Duopafei®. The experimental results provided a theoretical guidance for further applications of BSPs-SA conjugates as nanocarriers for delivering anticancer drugs.

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Jin, Shaoming, Zhongyao Du, Pengjie Wang, Huiyuan Guo, Hao Zhang, Xingen Lei, and Fazheng Ren. "2-Deoxyglucose-Modified Folate Derivative: Self-Assembling Nanoparticle Able to Load Cisplatin." Molecules 24, no. 6 (March 19, 2019): 1084. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24061084.

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Folic acid has been widely introduced into nano-drug delivery systems to give nanoparticle-targeted characteristics. However, the poor water solubility of folic acid may hinder the exploitation of its ability to load antineoplastic drugs. In the present study, we designed a new folate derivative (FA-2-DG) synthesized from folic acid and 2-Deoxyglucose (2-DG). The aim of this study was to evaluate the self-assembly characteristics of FA-2-DG, and its ability of loading cisplatin. The critical micelle concentration was 7.94 × 10−6 mol L−1. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicated that hydrogen bonding interaction is a main driving force for the self–assembly of FA-2-DG. The particle was stable in pure water or 0.5% bovine serum albumin dispersions. By forming a coordination bond, the particles assembled from FA-2-DG can load cisplatin. The loading efficiency was maximal when the molar ratio of FA-2-DG to cisplatin was 2:1.

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Nayak, Nimai C., and Kwanwoo Shin. "Human serum albumin mediated self-assembly of gold nanoparticles into hollow spheres." Nanotechnology 19, no. 26 (May 20, 2008): 265603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/19/26/265603.

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Ding, Dawei, Xiaolei Tang, Xiaoli Cao, Jinhui Wu, Ahu Yuan, Qian Qiao, Jing Pan, and Yiqiao Hu. "Novel Self-assembly Endows Human Serum Albumin Nanoparticles with an Enhanced Antitumor Efficacy." AAPS PharmSciTech 15, no. 1 (November 28, 2013): 213–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1208/s12249-013-0041-3.

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Lee, Jeong Yu, Ho Yeon Son, Jae Chul Park, Jongnam Park, and Yoon Sung Nam. "Paclitaxel-induced formation of 3D nanocrystal superlattices within injectable protein-based hybrid nanoparticles." Chemical Communications 54, no. 82 (2018): 11586–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cc05753b.

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Self-assembly of monodisperse superparamagnetic iron oxide nanocrystals into a close-packed, three-dimensional (3D) superlattice is designed within cross-linked protein-based nanoparticles composed of human serum albumin and polyethylene glycol.

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Garg, Rohini, Debasis Sen, Ashok Sahu, and Madangopal Krishnan. "Morphological Tuning of Nanostructured Hydroxyapatite (HAp) Porous Microgranules by Evaporation-Induced Assembly." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 20, no. 3 (March 1, 2020): 1631–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2020.17142.

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Porous biocompatible microgranules, such as hydroxyapatite (HAp), are potential candidates for various bio-medical applications including drug delivery and remediation. Using the principle of evaporation-induced assembly in contact free dispersion droplets, we have synthesized porous micrometric HAp granules consist of interlocked ellipsoidal nanoparticles. We have shown that the shape of the microgranules can be tuned from spherical to doughnut solely by controlling the drying temperature during assembly. The structure and interparticle correlation in the synthesized granules have been probed by electron microscopy and small-angle scattering. The observed morphological transition has been attributed to the buckling of elastic shell made of interlocked HAp nanoparticles. Alteration of granular morphology at higher drying rate does not affect the local packing fraction of the correlated HAp nanoparticles in the granules. The absorption of bovine serum albumin protein by the synthesized granules has been tested as a potential application.

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Tang, Xiang-long, Ben-lan Lin, Sheng Cui, Xin Zhang, Yang Zhong, Qi Wu, Xin Zhang, Xiao-dong Shen, and Ting-wei Wang. "Paclitaxel modified Fe3O4 loaded albumin nanoparticles as drug delivery vehicles by self-assembly." RSC Advances 6, no. 49 (2016): 43284–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra04659b.

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Paclitaxel (PTX) modified superparamagnetic Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles (Fe₃O₄/PTX NPs) are obtained and then Fe₃O₄/PTX NPs are loaded into human serum albumin (HSA) to form novel Fe₃O₄/PTX/HSA NPs with pie structure by self-assembly method.

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Morita, Yoshitsugu, Daiki Takahashi, and Teruyuki Komatsu. "Protein Nanoparticles Formed by Self-assembly of Human Serum Albumin with a Fatty Acid Arm." Chemistry Letters 49, no. 1 (January 5, 2020): 103–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1246/cl.190785.

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Ferrado, Joana B., Adrián A. Perez, Flavia F. Visentini, Germán A. Islan, Guillermo R. Castro, and Liliana G. Santiago. "Formation and characterization of self-assembled bovine serum albumin nanoparticles as chrysin delivery systems." Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces 173 (January 2019): 43–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.09.046.

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Fang, Ru, Yanbin Wang, Bentong Liu, Hua Qian, and Shaozong Yang. "Characterisation and structure analysis of taxanes‐loaded human serum albumin nanoparticles prepared by self‐assembly method." Micro & Nano Letters 13, no. 8 (August 2018): 1057–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/mnl.2018.0165.

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Li, Xuemin, Mingmao Chen, Wenzhi Yang, Zhimin Zhou, Lingrong Liu, and Qiqing Zhang. "Interaction of bovine serum albumin with self-assembled nanoparticles of 6-O-cholesterol modified chitosan." Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces 92 (April 2012): 136–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2011.11.030.

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Wen, Ya, Haiqing Dong, Yan Li, Aijun Shen, and Yongyong Li. "Nano-assembly of bovine serum albumin driven by rare-earth-ion (Gd) biomineralization for highly efficient photodynamic therapy and tumor imaging." Journal of Materials Chemistry B 4, no. 4 (2016): 743–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5tb01962a.

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Nishikawa, Takehiro, Kazunari Akiyoshi, and Junzo Sunamoto. "Macromolecular Complexation between Bovine Serum Albumin and the Self-Assembled Hydrogel Nanoparticle of Hydrophobized Polysaccharides." Journal of the American Chemical Society 118, no. 26 (January 1996): 6110–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja953843c.

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Rejinold N, Sanoj, Goeun Choi, Huiyan Piao, and Jin-Ho Choy. "Bovine Serum Albumin-Coated Niclosamide-Zein Nanoparticles as Potential Injectable Medicine against COVID-19." Materials 14, no. 14 (July 7, 2021): 3792. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14143792.

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(1) Background: COVID-19 has affected millions of people worldwide, but countries with high experimental anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination rates among the general population respectively show progress in achieving general herd immunity in the population (a combination of natural and vaccine-induced acquired immunity), resulting in a significant reduction in both newly detected infections and mortality rates. However, the longevity of the vaccines’ ability to provide protection against the ongoing pandemic is still unclear. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to have new medications to fight against the pandemic at the earliest point possible. Recently, it has been found that repurposing already existing drugs could, in fact, be an ideal strategy to formulate effective medication for COVID-19. Though there are many FDA-approved drugs, it has been found that niclosamide (NIC), an anthelmintic drug, has significantly high potential against the SARS-CoV-2 virus. (2) Methods: Here we deployed a simple self-assembling technique through which Zein nanoparticles were successfully used to encapsulate NIC, which was then coated with bovine serum albumin (BSA) in order to improve the drugs’ stability, injectablity, and selectivity towards the virus-infected cells. (3) Results: The particle size for the BSA-stabilized Zein-NIC nanohybrid was found to be less than 200 nm, with excellent colloidal stability and sustained drug release properties. In addition, the nanohybrid showed enhanced drug release behavior under serum conditions, indicating that such a hybrid drug delivery system could be highly beneficial for treating COVID-19 patients suffering from high endothelial glycocalyx damage followed by a cytokine storm related to the severe inflammations.

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Huang, Yan, Na He, Yunqing Wang, Dazhong Shen, Qi Kang, Rongfang Zhao, and Lingxin Chen. "Self-assembly of nanoparticles by human serum albumin and photosensitizer for targeted near-infrared emission fluorescence imaging and effective phototherapy of cancer." Journal of Materials Chemistry B 7, no. 7 (2019): 1149–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8tb03054e.

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Wang, Yinsong, Qian Jiang, Ling Rong Liu, and Qiqing Zhang. "The interaction between bovine serum albumin and the self-aggregated nanoparticles of cholesterol-modified O-carboxymethyl chitosan." Polymer 48, no. 14 (June 2007): 4135–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2007.05.034.

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Han, Jianfeng, Qin Wang, Zhirong Zhang, Tao Gong, and Xun Sun. "Cationic Bovine Serum Albumin Based Self-Assembled Nanoparticles as siRNA Delivery Vector for Treating Lung Metastatic Cancer." Small 10, no. 3 (September 19, 2013): 524–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smll.201301992.

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Gao, Yue, Jingxue Nai, Zhenbo Yang, Jinbang Zhang, Siyu Ma, Yumei Zhao, Hui Li, et al. "A novel preparative method for nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel with high drug loading and its evaluation both in vitro and in vivo." PLOS ONE 16, no. 4 (April 28, 2021): e0250670. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250670.

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We developed a novel preparative method for nanoparticle albumin-bound (nab) paclitaxel with high drug loading, which was based on improved paclitaxel solubility in polyethylene glycol (PEG) and self-assembly of paclitaxel in PEG with albumin powders into nanoparticles. That is, paclitaxel and PEG were firstly dissolved in ethanol, which was subsequently evaporated under vacuum. The obtained liquid was then mixed with human serum albumin powders. Thereafter, the mixtures were added into phosphate-buffered saline and nab paclitaxel suspensions emerged after ultrasound. Nab paclitaxel was finally acquired after dialysis and freeze drying. The drug loading of about 15% (W/V) were realized in self-made nab paclitaxel, which was increased by approximately 50% compared to 10% (W/V) in Abraxane. Now this new preparative method has been authorized to obtain patent from China and Japan. The similar characteristics of self-made nab paclitaxel compared to Abraxane were observed in morphology, encapsulation efficiency, in vitro release, X-ray diffraction analysis, differential scanning calorimetry analysis, and circular dichroism spectra analysis. Consistent concentration-time curves in rats, biodistributions in mice, anti-tumor activities in mice, and histological transmutation in mice were also found between Abraxane and self-made nanoparticles. In a word, our novel preparative method for nab paclitaxel can significantly improve drug loading, obviously decrease product cost, and is considered to have potent practical value.

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Li, Fenghong, Xinrui Zhang, Hongyi Li, Liying Xiang, and Yanming Chen. "Preparation of self-assembled nanoparticles of chitosan oligosaccharide-graft-polycaprolactone as a carrier of bovine serum albumin drug." Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering 24, no. 6 (2014): 2041–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/bme-141013.

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Abolhassani, Hossein, and Seyed Abbas Shojaosadati. "A comparative and systematic approach to desolvation and self-assembly methods for synthesis of piperine-loaded human serum albumin nanoparticles." Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces 184 (December 2019): 110534. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110534.

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Poller, Bettina, Gavin F. Painter, and Greg F. Walker. "Influence of Albumin in the Microfluidic Synthesis of PEG-PLGA Nanoparticles." Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology 7, no. 6 (December 10, 2019): 460–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2211738507666191023091938.

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Background: A key challenge in the manufacturing of polymeric colloids is producing nanoparticles with good batch-to-batch consistency. Objective: Develop a robust microfluidics method for the preparation of PEG-PLGA nanoparticles using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as the organic phase solvent for the encapsulation of DMSO soluble agents. Method: Microfluidic process parameters, total flow rate (10 mL/min), flow rate ratio (1:1) of the aqueous phase and the organic polymer solution, and polymer concentration (5 mg/ml). Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) or human serum albumin (HSA) was included in the aqueous phase. Dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy were used to investigate the size and morphology of particles. Results: PLGA nanoparticles made using DMSO with the aqueous solvent containing PVA (2%) had an average size of 60 nm while PLGA-PEG nanoparticles made with and without PVA (2%) had an average size of 70 and 100 nm, respectively. PLGA-PEG nanoparticles generated with or without PVA had a high batch-to-batch coefficient of variation for the particle size of 20% while for PLGA nanoparticles with PVA it was 4%. HSA added to the aqueous phase reduced the size and the zeta potential of PEG-PLGA nanoparticles as well the batch-to-batch coefficient of variation for particle size to < 5%. Nanoparticles were stable in solution and after lyophilized in the presence of sucrose. Conclusion: Albumin was involved in the self-assembly of PEG-PLGA nanoparticles altering the physicochemical properties of nanoparticles. Adding protein to the aqueous phase in the microfluidic fabrication process may be a valuable tool for tuning the properties of nanoparticles and improving batch-to-batch consistency.

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Desai, Preshita Prafulla, and Sunil Prabhu. "Abstract 299: Self-assembling nanoparticles: A novel approach for targeted cancer treatment using tumor treating fields." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (June 15, 2022): 299. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-299.

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Abstract Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) are used in cancer treatment as they offer increased efficacy, safety, and low adverse effects. They have shown significant potential in pancreatic cancer (PC) clinical trials when combined with chemotherapy. It is pertinent to know that although TTFields-chemotherapy combination definitely enhances the treatment efficacy, it also results in chemotherapy induced severe adverse effects. To resolve this, we earlier reported development of Gemcitabine loaded self-assembling cationic-anionic polymer nanoparticles (S-CAP NPs) capable of achieving TTFields-triggered targeted drug release at the PC tumor site. Initially, four S-CAP NPs [C4 and C7 from chitosan- bovine serum albumin (Chitosan-BSA) S-CAP NPs; P5 and P8 from polyethylenimine- bovine serum albumin (PEI-BSA) S-CAP NPs] were shortlisted [Table 1 - particle size: ~ 200 nm; % encapsulation efficiency (EE): 55-65%]. For proof-of-concept studies, effect of TTFields on the % EE and % cumulative drug release of the S-CAP-NPs was investigated. The studies revealed (Table 1) significant reduction (p value < 0.05) in the % EE of S-CAP NPs within 48h TTFields treatment, confirming that the TTFields destabilize the NPs triggering targeted drug release. Similarly, In vitro drug release studies showed significant increase (p< 0.01) in rate of drug release from S-Cap NPs in presence of TTFields. The cell inhibition assay confirmed the synergism in cell apoptosis wherein PEI-BSA S-CAP NPs showed higher efficacy compared to chitosan-BSA S-CAP NPs. Further, additional stability studies continued over a period of 18 months confirmed stable formulations. In vivo acute and chronic toxicity studies are underway to identify the most optimum dose of S-CAP NPs for further in vivo efficacy studies. To summarize, S-CAP-NPs present a promising avenue to achieve targeted chemotherapy in conjunction with TTFields. This work is supported by AACR-Novocure tumor treating fields research fellowship. Table 1. Effect of TTFields on % encapsulation efficiency (n=3). Data represented as Mean ± SD. Batch Particle size (nm) Encapsulation efficiency (%) - 0h Encapsulation efficiency (%) - 24h - 150 KHZ Encapsulation efficiency (%) - 48h - 150 KHZ Chitosan-BSA S-CAP NPs C4 210.54 ± 38.96 61.26 ± 5.11 36.21 ± 3.53 24.86 ± 3.19 C7 215.67 ± 32.55 65.31 ± 5.84 32.19 ± 2.68 21.86 ± 4.64 PEI-BSA S-CAP NPs P5 198.29 ± 41.05 58.83 ± 3.33 27.66 ± 3.31 18.96 ± 3.96 P8 209.92 ± 31.33 64.31 ± 5.13 24.83 ± 4.29 19.42 ± 2.73 Citation Format: Preshita Prafulla Desai, Sunil Prabhu. Self-assembling nanoparticles: A novel approach for targeted cancer treatment using tumor treating fields [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 299.

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Wen, Zhenfu, Fengyu Liu, Guoxin Liu, Qinyan Sun, Yuhuan Zhang, Mehdi Muhammad, Yongqian Xu, Hongjuan Li, and Shiguo Sun. "Assembly of multifunction dyes and heat shock protein 90 inhibitor coupled to bovine serum albumin in nanoparticles for multimodal photodynamic/photothermal/chemo-therapy." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 590 (May 2021): 290–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2021.01.052.

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Cheng, Vicki A., and Lynn M. Walker. "Transport of nanoparticulate material in self-assembled block copolymer micelle solutions and crystals." Faraday Discussions 186 (2016): 435–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5fd00122f.

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Water soluble poly(ethylene oxide)–poly(propylene oxide)–poly(ethylene oxide) [PEO–PPO–PEO] triblock copolymers self-assemble into thermoreversible micellar crystals comprised of periodically spaced micelles. The micelles have PPO cores surrounded by hydrated PEO coronas and the dimensions of the unit cell of the organized micelles is on the order of several to tens of nanometers. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) is used to quantify nanoparticle transport in these nanostructured polymer micelle systems. Diffusivity of bovine serum albumin (BSA, D_h ∼ 7 nm) is quantified across a wide range of polymer, or micelle, concentrations covering both the disordered fluid as well as the structured micellar crystal to understand the effects of nanoscale structure on particle transport. Measured particle diffusivity in these micellar systems is reduced by as much as four orders of magnitude when compared to diffusivity in free solution. Diffusivity in the disordered micellar fluid is best understood in terms of diffusion through a polymeric solution, while transport in the structured micellar phase is possibly due to hopping between interstitial sites. These results not only show that the nanoscale structures of the micelles have a measureable impact on particle diffusivity, but also demonstrate the ability to tune nanoscale transport in self-assembled materials.

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Mustafa, Damra E., Hua Fan, Xuan Zhou, Hai Yang Tu, and Ai Dong Zhang. "Adsorption Behaviour of PEGylated Gold Nanoparticles to Different Surfaces Probed by CV Monitoring." Advanced Materials Research 455-456 (January 2012): 689–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.455-456.689.

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Non-adsorption of water dispersible gold nanoparticles (GNPs) is a major concern in its widely labeling applications. This paper presents the investigation of the adsorption properties of GNPs with superficially tethered ferrocene functions to different surfaces. The GNPs were coated with a mixed monolayer of PEG-thiol and progargyl PEG-thiol, and the later was linked with a ferrocene moiety (Fc) through the alkyne-azide click reaction. The adsorption behaviors of the Fc-GNP to glassy carbon, gold and platinum electrodes, in the absence and presence of a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) or protein layer, were studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV). It was found that the bare gold electrode possessed higher adsorption capacity. However, the adsorption was either reduced or completely prevented when the gold electrode was modified with monolayers of 2-mercaptoethanol (ME), dodecanethiolate (DT) and PEG-thiol. The electroactive and water dispersible GNPs with Fc labels allows us to use CV to explore the interaction between these GNP and bovine serum albumin (BSA). The BSA modified electrode resulted in better resistant to adsorption compared to other modifiers coated electrodes. Thus, the study of non-specific interaction by CV was found effective when compared to results obtained by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and FTIR.

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Hatami, Elham, Prashanth K. Nagesh, Neeraj Chauhan, Meena Jaggi, Subhash C. Chauhan, and Murali M. Yallapu. "Abstract 5073: A novel in-situ nanoparticle self-assembly for combination delivery of therapeutics to non-small cell lung cancer." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (June 15, 2022): 5073. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-5073.

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Abstract Background: Lung cancer is a predominant cause of morbidity and mortality across the world. Among all types of cancers, lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortalities in the United States. Non-small cell lung cancer is one of the dominant divisions of lung cancer that solely represents 85-90% of all lung cancer cases. Up to the present time, primary treatment regimens for this cancer include radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and surgery, with chemotherapy being the best option thus far. Despite the eminent benefits of chemotherapy, its value is offset by severe side effects such as renal and/or hepatic toxicity or insufficient amounts of drug available at the target site. Such pitfalls can be handled by employing natural compounds (polyphenols, phytochemicals, xanthonoid, etc.,) as chemopreventives or chemosensitizers which can improve chemotherapy activity while reducing its systemic side effects and drug resistance. To this end, our recent efforts demonstrated a synergistic therapeutic benefit of gambogic acid (GA) and gemcitabine (Gem) against lung cancer. However, simultaneous delivery of these two drugs at the tumor site is highly challenging. Therefore, development of an injectable nanoformulation that can effectively deliver both hydrophobic (GA) and hydrophilic (Gem) drugs in one formulation is a clinically unmet need. Methods: Pursuing the novel nanotherapy approach, our lab has developed an in-situ biodegradable and biocompatible human serum albumin (HSA) and tannic acid (TA) mediated complexed GA and Gem nanoparticles (G-G@HTA NPs) using the solvent evaporation method. G-G@HTA NPs formation was confirmed by particle size, FT-IR, and H-NMR. A superior therapeutic activity of G-G@HTA NPs was demonstrated by multiple in vitro functional assays as well as in an animal mouse model. Results: Our results confirmed that G-G@HTA NPs have the ideal particle size and surface charge for cancer cell/tissue delivery which can clearly be evident by preferential uptake of these nanoparticles in lung cancer cells. Further, G-G@HTA NPs superiorly inhibited cell proliferation and clonogenicity of NSCLC cells. Additionally, G-G@HTA NPs revealed an obvious and precise targeting of tumors in vivo. The promoted and more synergistic anti-tumor efficacy of G-G@HTA NPs was attained than that of combined treatments and single drugs treatments. These events were resulted with no apparent systemic and organ toxicities. Conclusion: In summary, this study details the design of a novel nanocarrier and provides an optimized strategy for constructing dual-loaded nanoparticles using a biodegradable, non-toxic, human serum albumin-tannic acid-based platform for GA and Gem co-delivery in the treatment of NSCLC which confirms a strong feasibility to implement such synergistic nanomedicine regimen in pre-clinical and clinical translations in future. Citation Format: Elham Hatami, Prashanth K. Nagesh, Neeraj Chauhan, Meena Jaggi, Subhash C. Chauhan, Murali M. Yallapu. A novel in-situ nanoparticle self-assembly for combination delivery of therapeutics to non-small cell lung cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 5073.

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Zamyatina, Alla, Ralph Hollaus, Markus Blaukopf, and Paul Kosma. "Synthesis of lipid A and inner-core lipopolysaccharide (LPS) ligands containing 4-amino-4-deoxy-L-arabinose units." Pure and Applied Chemistry 84, no. 1 (November 19, 2011): 11–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac-con-11-08-01.

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Attachment of 4-amino-4-deoxy-L-arabinose (Ara4N) to phosphates or sugar hydroxyl groups of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) contributes to bacterial resistance against common antibiotics. For a detailed study of antigenic properties and binding interactions, Ara4N-containing inner-core ligands related to Burkholderia and Proteus LPS have been synthesized in good yields. Glycosylation at position 8 of allyl glycosides of oct-2-ulosonic acids (Ko, Kdo) has been accomplished using an N-phenyltrifluoroacetimidate 4-azido-4-deoxy-L-arabinosyl glycosyl donor followed by azide reduction and global deprotection. The β-L-Ara4N-(1 → 8)-α-Kdo disaccharide was further extended into the branched β-L-Ara4N-(1 → 8)[α-Kdo-(2 → 4)]-α-Kdo trisaccharide via a regioselective glycosylation of a protected triol intermediate. Synthesis of Ara4N-modified lipid A part structure occurring in the LPS of Burkholderia, Pseudomonas, and Klebsiellla strains was accomplished using the H-phosphonate approach. The stereocontrolled assembly of the phosphodiester linkage connecting glycosidic centers of two aminosugars was elaborated employing an anomeric H-phosphonate of cyclic silyl-ether protected 4-azido-4-deoxy-β-L-arabinose, which was coupled to the hemiacetal of the lipid A GlcN-disaccharide backbone. Conditions for global deprotection, which warrant the integrity of “double anomeric” phosphodiester linkage, were successfully developed. Introduction of thiol-terminated spacer at the synthetic ligands allows both coupling to bovine serum albumin (BSA) and immobilization on gold nanoparticles as well as generation of glycoarrays.

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Varshosaz, J., H. Sadeghi-aliabadi, S. Ghasemi, and B. Behdadfar. "Use of Magnetic Folate-Dextran-Retinoic Acid Micelles for Dual Targeting of Doxorubicin in Breast Cancer." BioMed Research International 2013 (2013): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/680712.

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Amphiphilic copolymer of folate-conjugated dextran/retinoic acid (FA/DEX-RA) was self-assembled into micelles by direct dissolution method. Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MNPs) coated with oleic acid (OA) were prepared by hydrothermal method and encapsulated within the micelles. Doxorubicin HCl was loaded in the magnetic micelles. The characteristics of the magnetic micelles were determined by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The crystalline state of OA-coated MNPs and their heat capacity were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) methods, respectively. The iron content of magnetic micelles was determined using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was used to test the protein binding of magnetic micelles. The cytotoxicity of doxorubicin loaded magnetic micelles was studied on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468 cells using MTT assay and their quantitative cellular uptake by fluorimetry method. TEM results showed the MNPs in the hydrophobic core of the micelles. TGA results confirmed the presence of OA and FA/DEX-RA copolymer on the surface of MNPs and micelles, respectively. The magnetic micelles showed no significant protein bonding and reduced the IC50of the drug to about 10 times lower than the free drug.

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Hansda, Chaitali, Pradip Maiti, Tanmoy Singha, Manisha Pal, Syed Arshad Hussain, Sharmistha Paul, and Pabitra Kumar Paul. "Photophysical study of the interaction between ZnO nanoparticles and globular protein bovine serum albumin in solution and in a layer-by-layer self-assembled film." Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids 121 (October 2018): 110–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpcs.2018.05.029.

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Abolhassani, Hossein, Mohammad Zaer, Seyed Abbas Shojaosadati, and Sameereh Hashemi-Najafabadi. "Rapid generation of homogenous tumor spheroid microtissues in a scaffold-free platform for high-throughput screening of a novel combination nanomedicine." PLOS ONE 18, no. 2 (February 17, 2023): e0282064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0282064.

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Combination nanomedicine is a potent strategy for cancer treatment. Exploiting different mechanisms of action, a novel triple drug delivery system of 5-fluorouracil, curcumin, and piperine co-loaded human serum albumin nanoparticles (5FU-CUR-PIP-HSA-NPs) was developed via the self‐assembly method for suppressing breast tumor. Both hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs were successfully encapsulated in the HSA NPs with a high drug loading efficiency (DLE) of 10%. Successful clinical translation of nanomedicines, however, is a challenging process requiring considerable preclinical in vitro and in vivo animal tests. The aim of this study was to develop a homemade preclinical 3D culture model in the standard 96-well plates in a cost and time-effective novel approach for the rapid generation of homogenous compact tumor spheroids for disease modeling, and anticancer therapeutic/nanomedicine screening. The knowledge of drug screening can be enhanced by employing such a model in a high-throughput manner. Accordingly, to validate the formulated drug delivery system and investigate the cellular uptake and cytotoxicity effect of the nanoformulation, 3D tumor spheroids were employed. The practicality of the nanomedicine system was substantiated in different tests. The in vitro uptake of the NPs into the tight 3D tumor spheroids was facilitated by the semi-spherical shape of the NPs with a proper size and surface charge. 5FU-CUR-PIP-HSA-NPs demonstrated high potency of migration inhibition as a part of successful anti-metastatic therapy as well. The remarkable differences in 2D and 3D cytotoxicities emphasize the importance of employing 3D tumor models as an intermediate step prior to in vivo animal experiments for drug/nanomedicine screening.

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Qijing, Xu, Dong Hui, Zhenquan Wang, Bo Su, Di Zhang, Nihar Ranjan Pradhan, Saikat Ghosh, Bo Pan, and Baoshan Xing. "NOM-assisted, Amyloid-enriched, Hierarchical Self-assembled Nanostructures of Maghemite Nanoparticles and their Plastic Deformation: Role of Magnetic Fields, Pb2+, and Biomolecular Conformations." Environmental Science: Nano, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2en00540a.

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Sequential sorption of bovine serum albumin (BSA)-humic acid (HA)-BSA on weakly ferromagnetic maghemite nanoparticles has achieved the formation of amyloid scaffold-controlled self-assembly (B2-GFeNPs) at pH 4. Unlike BSA-modified maghemite (B1-GFeNPs),...

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Su, Chenyu, Shanshan Liu, Shenghan Cao, Shuyan Yin, Chenggang Zhou, Shangkun Gao, Chunyan Jia, Yingchao Ji, and Yanxue Liu. "Self-assembled bovine serum albumin nanoparticles as pesticide delivery vectors for controlling trunk-boring pests." Journal of Nanobiotechnology 18, no. 1 (November 10, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12951-020-00725-z.

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Abstract Background Trunk-boring pests (TBPs) are an important type of forest pest, TBPs not only feed on the branches and trunks of trees, but also spread quarantine diseases in forests. However, because the larvae of TBPs live inside the trunk and are well concealed, prevention and control are difficult. The lack of effective control methods leads to the death of many trees in forests. In this study, a novel nanopesticide featuring high bioactivity and slow-release properties was developed to control TBPs. Thiacloprid (THI), which is commonly used to control Coleoptera species, was used as a model pesticide. Results The oleophobic properties of bovine serum albumin (BSA) were exploited to encapsulate the hydrophobic pesticide THI by self-assembly, and the size of the obtained nanoparticles, THI@BSA·NPs, was approximately 23 nm. The loading efficiency reached 70.4%, and THI@BSA·NPs could be released continuously for over 15 days, with the cumulative release reaching 93.5%. The fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled nanoparticles were evenly distributed in the digestive tract and body surface of a typical TBPs, M. alternatus, and the stomach and contact toxicities increased by 33.7% and 25.9%, respectively, compared with those of free THI. Furthermore, the results showed that the transport efficiency of THI@BSA·NPs was highest at a concentration of 50 μg/mL, and the THI@BSA·NPs content in the trunk, from to lower to higher layers, was 8.8, 8.2, 7.6, and 5.8 μg/g. At the same time, THI@BSA·NPs also exhibited high transport efficiency in dead trees. Conclusion The transport efficiency and toxicity of the active ingredients are the key factors for the control of TBPs. This work provided idea for the application of biological delivery system encapsulated hydrophobic pesticides. The novel self-assembled THI@BSA·NPs have promising potential for sustainable control of TBPs.

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Arib, Célia, Jolanda Spadavecchia, and Marc Lamy de la Chapelle. "Enzyme mediated synthesis of hybrid polyedric gold nanoparticles." Scientific Reports 11, no. 1 (February 5, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-81751-1.

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AbstractLarge protein complexes carry out some of the most complex activities in biology1,2. Such structures are often assembled spontaneously through the process of self-assembly and have characteristic chemical or biological assets in the cellular mechanisms3. Gold-based nanomaterials have attracted much attention in many areas of chemistry, physics and biosciences because of their size- and shape-dependent optic, electric, and catalytic properties. Here we report for the first time a one step synthesis in which Manganese Superoxide Dismutase protein plays a key role in the reduction of gold salts via the use of a Good's buffer (HEPES) to produce gold nanoparticles, compared to other proteins as catalase (CAT) and bovine serum albumin (BSA).We prove that this effect is directly related with the biological activities of the proteins that have an effect on the gold reduction mechanisms. Such synthesis route also induces the integration of proteins directly in the AuNPs that are intrinsically safe by design using a one-step production method. This is an important finding that will have uses in various applications, particularly in the green synthesis of novel nanomaterials.

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Liu, Guoxin, Zhenfu Wen, Fengyu Liu, Yongqian Xu, Hongjuan Li, and Shiguo Sun. "Multisubcellular organelle-targeting nanoparticle for synergistic chemotherapy and photodynamic/photothermal tumor therapy." Nanomedicine, May 15, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/nnm-2023-0021.

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Background: The subcellular organelle-targeting strategy has attracted wide attention for a variety of reasons, including strong specificity, high accuracy, low dose administration and few side effects. It is an important and challenging task to explore the multisubcellular organelle-targeting strategy to achieve effective tumor treatment. Materials & methods: Using bovine serum albumin as a nanoreactor, BSA/Cu/NQ/IR780/DOX nanoparticles (NPs) were constructed via drug-induced protein self-assembly. Folic acid was then coupled to the surface of NPs to prepare folate receptor-targeted FA-BSA/Cu/NQ/IR780/DOX NPs. Results & conclusion: The FA-BSA/Cu/NQ/IR780/DOX NPs exhibit multifunctional properties, including multisubcellular organelle-targeting, induction of response release in the tumor microenvironment, fluorescence imaging capabilities and potential for synergistic chemotherapy and photodynamic/photothermal tumor therapy.

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Lee, Myeong-Jun, Eun-Sol Lee, Tae-Hwan Kim, Ju-Won Jeon, YongTae Kim, and Byung-Keun Oh. "Detection of thioredoxin-1 using ultra-sensitive ELISA with enzyme-encapsulated human serum albumin nanoparticle." Nano Convergence 6, no. 1 (December 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40580-019-0210-5.

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AbstractMany methods for early diagnosis of the disease use biomarker tests, which measure indicators of biological state in body fluids or blood. However, a limitation of these methods is their low sensitivity to biomarkers. In this study, human serum albumin (HSA) based nanoparticles capable of encapsulating excess horseradish peroxidase (HRP) are synthesized and applied to the development of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit with ultra-high sensitivity. The size of the nanoparticles and the amount of encapsulated enzyme are controlled by varying the synthesis conditions of pH and protein concentration, and the surface of the nanoparticles is modified with protein A (proA) to immobilize antibodies to the nanoparticles by self-assembly. Using the synthesized nanoparticles, the biomarker of breast cancer, thioredoxin-1, can be measured in the range of 10 fM to 100 pM by direct sandwich ELISA, which is 105 times more sensitive than conventional methods.

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Yang, Shuoshuo, Hailing Li, and Zhonghong Gao. "Layer-by-Layer Assembly of CeO₂ Nanoparticle/Bovine Serum Albumin Films for Bone Regeneration." ACS Applied Nano Materials, August 28, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.3c02491.

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Meng, Run, Shilei Hao, Changfa Sun, Zongkun Hou, Yao Hou, Lili Wang, Peiying Deng, et al. "Reverse-QTY code design of active human serum albumin self-assembled amphiphilic nanoparticles for effective anti-tumor drug doxorubicin release in mice." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 120, no. 21 (May 15, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2220173120.

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H uman s erum a lbumin (HSA) is a highly water-soluble protein with 67% alpha-helix content and three distinct domains (I, II, and III). HSA offers a great promise in drug delivery with enhanced permeability and retention effect. But it is hindered by protein denaturation during drug entrapment or conjugation that result in distinct cellular transport pathways and reduction of biological activities. Here we report using a protein design approach named r everse- QTY (rQTY) code to convert specific hydrophilic alpha-helices to hydrophobic to alpha-helices. The designed HSA undergo self-assembly of well-ordered nanoparticles with highly biological actives. The hydrophilic amino acids, asparagine (N), glutamine (Q), threonine (T), and tyrosine (Y) in the helical B-subdomains of HSA were systematically replaced by hydrophobic leucine (L), valine (V), and phenylalanine (F). HSA rQTY nanoparticles exhibited efficient cellular internalization through the cell membrane albumin binding protein GP60, or SPARC ( s ecreted p rotein, a cidic and r ich in c ysteine)-mediated pathways. The designed HSA rQTY variants displayed superior biological activities including: i) encapsulation of drug doxorubicin, ii) receptor-mediated cellular transport, iii) tumor cell targeting, and iv) antitumor efficiency compare to denatured HSA nanoparticles. HSA rQTY nanoparticles provided superior tumor targeting and antitumor therapeutic effects compared to the albumin nanoparticles fabricated by antisolvent precipitation method. We believe that the rQTY code is a robust platform for specific hydrophobic modification of functional hydrophilic proteins with clear-defined binding interfaces.

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Tan, Xin, Renwang Sheng, Zonghao Liu, Weikun Li, Renqiang Yuan, Yinghua Tao, Ning Yang, and Liqin Ge. "Assembly of Metal–Phenolic Networks onto Microbubbles for One‐Step Generation of Functional Microcapsules." Small, August 28, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smll.202305325.

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AbstractThe one‐step assembly of metal–phenolic networks (MPNs) onto particle templates can enable the facile, rapid, and robust construction of hollow microcapsules. However, the required template removal step may affect the refilling of functional species in the hollow interior space or the in situ encapsulation of guest molecules during the formation of the shells. Herein, a simple strategy for the one‐step generation of functional MPNs microcapsules is proposed. This method uses bovine serum albumin microbubbles (BSA MBs) as soft templates and carriers, enabling the efficient pre‐encapsulation of guest species by leveraging the coordination assembly of tannic acid (TA) and FeIII ions. The addition of TA and FeIII induces a change in the protein conformation of BSA MBs and produces semipermeable capsule shells, which allow gas to escape from the MBs without template removal. The MBs‐templated strategy can produce highly biocompatible capsules with controllable structure and size, and it is applicable to produce other MPNs systems like BSA‐TA‐CuII and BSA‐TA‐NiII. Finally, those MBs‐templated MPNs capsules can be further functionalized or modified for the loading of magnetic nanoparticles and the pre‐encapsulation of model molecules through covalence or physical adsorption, exhibiting great promise in biomedical applications.

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Gordijo, Claudia Regina, Adam Jason Shuhendler, and Xiao Yu Wu. "A New Bio-Inorganic Nanocomposite Membrane for Glucose-Modulated Release of Insulin." MRS Proceedings 1234 (2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-1234-qq03-02.

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AbstractThis work focuses on the development of a new bio-inorganic nanocomposite glucose-responsive membrane to be applied as a single self-regulated platform for insulin delivery. Crosslinked bovine serum albumin (BSA)-based membranes were prepared containing impregnated pH-responsive poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide-co-methacrylic acid) nanoparticles (hydrogel NPs), glucose oxidase (GOx), catalase (CAT), with or without MnO2 NPs. The membrane acts as a glucose sensor and insulin release attenuator. In this system glucose is oxidized by GOx to produce gluconic acid, which regulates the permeability of the membrane to insulin. CAT and/or MnO2 NPs are introduced into the membrane in order to quench unwanted H2O2 produced by GOx turnover cycles, which can cause inactivation of GOx and toxicity. The glucose-modulated insulin release through the membrane is determined by alternating glucose concentration between 100 – 400 mg/dL (normal and hyperglycemic levels, respectively). The results show that the combination of CAT and MnO2 NPs in the membrane formulation leads to better efficiency in quenching the H2O2 and better long-term stability of GOx than using either alone. Very small amounts of insulin permeate though the membrane at the normal blood glucose level while a four-fold increase in the release rate is observed when glucose concentration is raised to a hyperglycemic level. The release rate of insulin drops when the glucose level is reduced to a normal value. These results demonstrate the self-regulated capability of the system.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Bovin Serum Albumin Nanoparticles Self-Assembly'

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