Academic literature on the topic 'Bovine Trypanosomiasis'
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Journal articles on the topic "Bovine Trypanosomiasis"
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Robi, Dereje Tulu, Beksisa Urge Hurrisa, and Benti Deresa Gelalcha. "Trypanotolerance Sheko cattle: an option for sustainable control of bovine trypanosomiasis." Open Veterinary Science 2, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ovs-2020-0111.
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Abstract Trypanosomiasis is an impediment to cattle production and other agricultural development in tsetse-infested areas. It is a severe parasitic disease that causes loss in the production and performance of cattle. Hence, the aim of this paper is to review trypanosomiasis control options with emphasis on the use of trypanotolerant Sheko cattle breed for sustainable management of bovine trypanosomiasis in tsetse infested areas. Several methods have been used to control trypanosomiasis through the use of trypanocidal drugs and the management of the vector, tsetse fly. Tsetse fly controls require expensive insecticides and have adverse environmental consequences. Trypanocidal drugs are commonly used and considered a practical trypanosomiasis control method. However, the rise in trypanocidal drug resistance has rendered this option ineffective. The possibility of developing and using a vaccine against trypanosomiasis currently remains out of reach as Trypanosoma periodically undergo antigenic variation. In the absence of a vaccine, presence of trypanocidal drug resistance, and the lack of sustainable tsetse fly control measures demand the need to use trypanotole-rant cattle breeds. The Sheko breed which is found only in southwestern Ethiopia displays considerable natural resistance to tsetse-transmitted trypanosomiasis. This genetic resource provides sustainable solution for challenges related to trypanosomiasis. These cattle have a low level of parasitemia and are able to maintain a good packed cell volume (PCV) compared to other indigenous breeds. As several trypanosomiasis control methods are ineffective, the use of trypanotolerance cattle like Sheko breed in tsetse-fly-challenged areas was suggested.
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HOLMES, P. H., E. KATUNGUKA-RWAKISHAYA, J. J. BENNISON, G. J. WASSINK, and J. J. PARKINS. "Impact of nutrition on the pathophysiology of bovine trypanosomiasis." Parasitology 120, no. 7 (May 2000): 73–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182099005806.
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Trypanosomiasis is a major veterinary problem over much of sub-Saharan Africa and is frequently associated with undernutrition. There is growing evidence that nutrition can have a profound effect on the pathophysiological features of animal trypanosomiasis. These features include anaemia, pyrexia, body weight changes, reduced feed intake and diminished productivity including reduced draught work output, milk yield and reproductive capacity. Anaemia is a principal characteristic of trypanosomiasis and the rate at which it develops is influenced by both protein and energy intakes. Pyrexia is associated with increased energy demands for maintenance which is ultimately manifested by reductions in voluntary activity levels and productivity. Weight changes in trypanosomiasis are markedly influenced by the levels of protein intake. High intakes allow infected animals to grow at the same rate as uninfected controls providing energy intake is adequate whilst low energy levels can exacerbate the adverse effects of trypanosomiasis on body weight. Reductions in feed intake are less apparent in animals which are provided with high protein diets and where intake is limited by the disease animals will often exhibit preferential selection of higher quality browse. Further studies are required to evaluate the minimum levels of protein and energy supplementation required to ameliorate the adverse effect of trypanosomiasis, the nature and quality of protein supplement to achieve these benefits and the influence these have on digestive physiology.
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Isoun, T. T., M. J. Isoun, and V. O. Anosa. "PLASMA FREE AMINO ACID PROFILES OF CATTLE INFECTED WITH TRYPANOSOMA VIVAX: A PRELIMINARY REPORT." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 6 (January 19, 2021): 94–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v6i.2675.
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EMACIATION and poor productivity have been recognised as some of the major features of the chronic form of bovine trypanosomiasis. However, the biochemical and nutritional bases of the Wasting and reduced growth rates of cattle with trypanosomiasis are yet to be adequately elucidated, such data may be needed, not only for the clinical management of the disease but also in the proper husbandry practice of cattle in endemic areas of trypanosomiasis for animal protein production.
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Garcia, Guilherme C., Dênia M. de Moura, Renata C. C. Frange, Eustáquio R. Bittar, and Joely F. F. Bittar. "Bovine Trypanosomiasis: Retrospective Investigation and Clinical Signs." Epidemiology - Open Journal 1, no. 1 (July 20, 2016): 16–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17140/epoj-1-103.
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Silva, Roberto Aguilar Machado Santos, Angel Egüez, Gustavo Morales, Erick Eulert, Aurelio Montenegro, Ramón Ybañez, Andrew Seidl, Alberto Martín Rivera Dávila, and Laura Ramirez. "Bovine Trypanosomiasis in Bolivian and Brazilian Lowlands." Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 93, no. 1 (January 1998): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0074-02761998000100006.
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Mulenga, Gloria M., Lars Henning, Kalinga Chilongo, Chrisborn Mubamba, Boniface Namangala, and Bruce Gummow. "Insights into the Control and Management of Human and Bovine African Trypanosomiasis in Zambia between 2009 and 2019—A Review." Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease 5, no. 3 (July 11, 2020): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed5030115.
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Tsetse transmitted trypanosomiasis is a fatal disease commonly known as Nagana in cattle and sleeping sickness in humans. The disease threatens food security and has severe economic impact in Africa including most parts of Zambia. The level of effectiveness of commonly used African trypanosomiasis control methods has been reported in several studies. However, there have been no review studies on African trypanosomiasis control and management conducted in the context of One Health. This paper therefore seeks to fill this knowledge gap. A review of studies that have been conducted on African trypanosomiasis in Zambia between 2009 and 2019, with a focus on the control and management of trypanosomiasis was conducted. A total of 2238 articles were screened, with application of the search engines PubMed, PubMed Central and One Search. Out of these articles, 18 matched the required criteria and constituted the basis for the paper. An in-depth analysis of the 18 articles was conducted to identify knowledge gaps and evidence for best practices. Findings from this review provide stakeholders and health workers with a basis for prioritisation of African trypanosomiasis as an important neglected disease in Zambia and for formulation of One Health strategies for better control and/or management of the disease.
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Geerts, S. "African bovine trypanosomiasis: the problem of drug resistance." Parasitology Today 17, no. 1 (January 1, 2001): 25–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-4758(00)01827-5.
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Geerts, Stanny, Peter H. Holmes, Mark C. Eisler, and Oumar Diall. "African bovine trypanosomiasis: the problem of drug resistance." Trends in Parasitology 17, no. 1 (January 2001): 25–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1471-4922(00)01827-4.
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de Araujo Melo, Solange, Ana Caroline Ericeira Barros, Francisco Borges Costa, Alcina Vieira de Carvalho Neta, Rita de Maria Nogueira de Candanedo Guerra, and Ana Lucia Abreu-Silva. "Bovine Trypanosomiasis an Emerging Disease in Maranhão State–Brazil." Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases 11, no. 7 (July 2011): 853–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/vbz.2010.0107.
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Ogwu, D., and C. O. Njoku. "Effect of pregnancy on clinical manifestations of bovine trypanosomiasis." Veterinary Parasitology 24, no. 1-2 (April 1987): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-4017(87)90127-0.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Bovine Trypanosomiasis"
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Brownlow, Andrew C. "Evaluation of a novel method for controlling bovine trypanosomiasis." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4930.
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The problem of controlling tsetse flies in Africa is an old one. The tsetse fly transmits the trypanosome parasites which cause sleeping sickness in humans and disease in cattle. Because cattle are a favoured food source for tsetse much work has been done looking at the use of insecticide treated cattle as a control strategy for the tsetse fly. Such treatment methods possess many advantages; they are safe and relatively environmentally benign, they can be applied by individual farmers without the need for logistically demanding and costly traditional control programmes and, in addition to tsetse flies the insecticides are effective against a wide range of other harmful cattle parasites. The cost of the insecticide is however a significant constraint to the number of livestock keepers who can afford to employ the technique and as a result many cattle remain untreated. Following the discovery that tsetse had a significant predilection for feeding on the legs and belly of cattle, it was hypothesised that restricting the insecticide to only those areas could offer comparable protection to treating the whole animal. Such an approach would use up to 80% less drug and thus make the treatment per animal much cheaper. In addition, preferentially targeting areas favoured by tsetse, and leaving the rest of the animal untreated, preserves some important ecological balances between cattle and their parasites which traditional treatment methods destabilise. This thesis describes the design, implementation and analysis of a longitudinal study run over 8 months in south east Uganda that sought to compare the effect of applying insecticide to cattle only on the regions favoured by tsetse flies. Cattle were recruited to the study and assigned one of four treatment groups; a whole body application of deltamethrin insecticide pour-on; a restricted application of deltamethrin spray, applied to the front legs, ears and belly; a prophylactic trypanocide injection of isometamidium chloride, and a control group, that received no further treatments. All animals in the study were however cleared using twin doses of a trypanocide diminazene aceturate at the start of the study.
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Peregrine, Andrew Seaton. "Factors influencing the duration of isometamidium prophylaxis against bovine trypanosomiasis." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.305789.
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Hopkins, Julian Sydney. "Epidemiological investigations of bovine trypanosomiasis in the common fly belt of Zambia." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/29806.
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The causes of anaemia in cattle were reviewed and it was postulated that trypanosomiasis or malnutrition were the main factors in affecting herd mean packed cell volume (PCV). In 1995/6 18,000 cattle from 495 herds raised in the common tsetse fly belt of Zambia were examined haematologically, and PCV values were recorded with peripheral blood examined for trypanosomes via the buffy coat smear technique. Giemsa stained thick and thin dried blood smears (T&TS) were also examined. The results were entered into a tailor made Integrated Tsetse and Trypanosomiasis Database and were summarised as mean herd PCV, proportion of herd anaemic and parasitological prevalence. Using a linear regression model, 36% of the variance of the mean herd PCV could be accounted for by parasitological prevalence. A logistic regression of the data gave little improvement. The sensitivities of the buffy coat as well as T&TS examinations were calculated mathematically based on the Poisson distribution and these diagnostic techniques were reckoned to be probably more sensitive than previous work had suggested. The spatial distribution of bovine trypanosomiasis and the herd haematocrit values are displayed using a Geographical Information System (GIS). An indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was developed for the detection of trypanosomal antibodies (Ab-ELISA) in serum using crude somatic antigen from T. congolense. The assay was further adapted to carry out tests using circles of dried blood held on filter paper. Inter and intra-assay sources of variation were investigated, as were the effects of sample storage and management. The assay was compared to the indirect fluorescent antibody test, and kinetics of anti-trypanosomal antibody were examined. Twelve thousand blood spot samples were assayed and the data were subject to a rigorous system of quality assurance, with the percentage positivity system of data expression being adopted.
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SANTOS, Valéria Rosa dos. "Ocorrência de anticorpos IgG anti-Trypanosoma vivax (Ziemann, 1905) em bovinos procedentes do estado de Alagoas, Brasil." Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 2013. http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/5878.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of Immunoglobulin G antibodies anti-Trypanosoma vivax in bovine cattle from the east region of Alagoas State, Brazil, and associate serum-positive frequency with epidemiologic data. For this purpose, a questionnaire was applied during the blood sampling. A total of 199 serum samples from four cities were submitted to Indirect Immunofluorescence Test (IIFT). Data were analyzed by Pearson´s chisquare test for a 5% significance level. The results showed that 23, 6% (47/199) of the samples were serum-positives for T. vivax. The frequencies, by municipalities varied from 10.1% to 41.2%. The chi-square values revealed an association between positive frequency and semi-intensive breeding as well with herd’s purpose double. It is concluded that preventive measures should be adopted.
No presente estudo objetivou-se detectar a ocorrência de anticorpos IgG anti-Trypanosoma vivax em rebanhos bovinos de propriedades rurais localizadas na Região Leste do estado de Alagoas e avaliar a associação da frequência de animais soropositivos com dados epidemiológicos. Foram testadas 199 amostras de soro sanguíneas de bovinos procedentes de quatro municípios, através da técnica de Reação de Imunofluorescência Indireta. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente por meio do teste Qui-quadrado de Pearson, com nível de significância de 5%. Obteve-se 23,6% (47/199) de soropositividade com prevalência da infecção por T. vivax mais alta (p<0,05) em rebanhos com o sistema de criação semi-intensivo e de aptidão mista. Conclui-se em evidência sorológica por T. vivax como um agente circulante em rebanhos bovinos e que medidas preventivas e de controle devem ser adotadas.
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Kasigwa, Morris Agaba. "Development of bovine type I genetic markers and their application in investigation of the trypanotolerance trait." Thesis, Brunel University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.320534.
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Kuleszo, Joanna Teresa. "Human movement, landscape change, and livestock disease : the epidemiology of bovine trypanosomiasis in transitional environments." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2018. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/418967/.
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Santirso-Margaretto, Cristina. "The epidemiology of African animal trypanosomiasis in transhumant herds of the sub-humid zone of Nigeria." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/25873.
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Nigeria recently became the leading economy in Sub-Saharan Africa with a total GDP of 522.64 billion of US dollars (Tradingeconomics.com). As GDP increases, population rises and food demand intensifies. Within this context it is of critical importance to achieve food security. However, Nigeria heavily relies in exportations in order to meet the growing food demand, especially of meat products, a situation which is not desirable. The livestock industry, although one of the largest in Sub-Saharan Africa, still constrained by several endemic livestock diseases which result in annual economic loses for value of 140 million of US dollars (Fadiga et al., 2013). Within this group, bovine and porcine trypasosomiasis alone has been estimated to be responsible for 50 million of US dollars in economic loses in Nigeria (Fadiga et al., 2013). However, the real epidemiological situation, and hence the possibility of developing a rational control programme, remains largely unknown across the country due to the absence of large epidemiological studies. Majority of the trypanosomiasis research studies in Nigeria employ the Haematocrit technique or the Buffy coat technique and Giemsa stain as a diagnostic method. These techniques possess a high specificity but a much lower sensitivity than the molecular method employed in this research study. In fact, better epidemiological studies employing molecular techniques have been conducted in recent times such (Majekodumni et al., 2013a; Takeet et al., 2013) and results displayed much higher trypanosomiasis prevalence than previously detected by microscopy. In many sub-Saharan countries the majority of national livestock herds are owned by mobile communities; however, the trypanosome status of cattle owned by mobile pastoralist communities have been less thoroughly studied when compared to those of sedentary livestock keepers. In this doctoral work, the epidemiology of trypanosomiasis was studied, in transhumant herds located in two different Nigerian enclaves: the Kachia grazing reserve and the Jos Plateau, both located in North-central Nigeria. Within Kachia, the ecology appears to determine the presence of infection with a spatially differentiated distribution of the detected trypanosome species being observed across the reserve that appears not to be related to the migration of livestock. While upon the Jos Plateau, the current reduction in trypanosome prevalence suggests an abrupt change in the trypanosome infection rates in this part of the country. The hypothesis established in this doctoral work is that these epidemiologically different scenarios are the result of land pressures that have ultimately resulted in the habitat destruction of the vector. Longitudinal data was also collected in order to assess the effectivity of different formulations of synthetic pyrethroids for the combined control of trypanosomiasis and tick-borne diseases. Insecticide treated cattle represents at the moment the best long-term and cost-effective method for the control of the vector responsible for the transmission of trypanosomiasis, the tsetse fly. Since no data exist about the efficacy of the insecticide or the compliance of the pastoralist population with its application under migratory conditions, its performance was assessed in this doctoral work. In addition, animal health outcomes were monitored to stablish the possible relationship between clinical symptoms and disease outcome and socio-economic data relevant for the dynamics of disease such as migration trends, husbandry practices, awareness and administered treatment has been also analysed. The compiled information of this data will establish the risk associated with contracting the disease and provide further indications for the control of African bovine trypanosomiasis in the specific context of transhumant pastoral systems of sub-humid sub-Saharan African.
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Paixão, Mirian dos Santos. "Análise espacial e detecção de tripanosomatídeos em animais de produção de região endêmica para leishmaniose visceral." Botucatu, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/151274.
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Orientador: Simone Baldini LucheisResumo: A família Trypanosomatidae é composta por protozoários flagelados da ordem Kinetoplastidae. Os protozoários do gênero Trypanosoma, causadores das tripanossomíases e gênero Leishmania, causadores das leishmanioses, são os parasitos de maior interesse médico e veterinário As tripanossomíases são causadas por diferentes espécies, dentre elas: Trypanosoma cruzi, Trypanosoma. theileri, Trypanosoma equiperdum, Trypanosoma evansi e Trypanosoma vivax, sendo os três últimos de maior importância para os animais de produção, causando prejuízos econômicos para o setor agropecuário. Com o objetivo de avaliar a ocorrência de tripanosomatídeos no municipío de Bauru-SP, região endêmica para leishmaniose, foram avaliados 200 animais, sendo 100 bovinos (Bos taurus) e 100 equídeos (Eqqus spp.), procedentes de áreas urbanas e periurbanas do município. Para entender a distribuição de fatores de riscos na análise espacial, avaliou-se fatores epidemiológicos das leishmanioses, relacionados a seu diagnóstico nos animais de produção avaliados e também em cães e em humanos em diferentes bairros do município de Bauru, visando sua compreensão e integrá-las a estratégias de controle da doença. O diagnóstico dos animais foi baseado em técnicas parasitológicas: esfregaço sanguíneo e hemocultura; sorológicas: Reação de Imunofluorescência Indireta (RIFI) e Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) e moleculares: Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase (PCR) e seqüenciamento. Não foram encontradas formas sugestivas de... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Doutor
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Paixão, Mirian dos Santos [UNESP]. "Análise espacial e detecção de tripanosomatídeos em animais de produção de região endêmica para leishmaniose visceral." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/151274.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
A família Trypanosomatidae é composta por protozoários flagelados da ordem Kinetoplastidae. Os protozoários do gênero Trypanosoma, causadores das tripanossomíases e gênero Leishmania, causadores das leishmanioses, são os parasitos de maior interesse médico e veterinário As tripanossomíases são causadas por diferentes espécies, dentre elas: Trypanosoma cruzi, Trypanosoma. theileri, Trypanosoma equiperdum, Trypanosoma evansi e Trypanosoma vivax, sendo os três últimos de maior importância para os animais de produção, causando prejuízos econômicos para o setor agropecuário. Com o objetivo de avaliar a ocorrência de tripanosomatídeos no municipío de Bauru-SP, região endêmica para leishmaniose, foram avaliados 200 animais, sendo 100 bovinos (Bos taurus) e 100 equídeos (Eqqus spp.), procedentes de áreas urbanas e periurbanas do município. Para entender a distribuição de fatores de riscos na análise espacial, avaliou-se fatores epidemiológicos das leishmanioses, relacionados a seu diagnóstico nos animais de produção avaliados e também em cães e em humanos em diferentes bairros do município de Bauru, visando sua compreensão e integrá-las a estratégias de controle da doença. O diagnóstico dos animais foi baseado em técnicas parasitológicas: esfregaço sanguíneo e hemocultura; sorológicas: Reação de Imunofluorescência Indireta (RIFI) e Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) e moleculares: Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase (PCR) e seqüenciamento. Não foram encontradas formas sugestivas de protozoários em esfregaço sanguíneo, mas a análise de hemocultura de sete animais permitiu a visualização desses protozoários. Às técnicas sorológicas para Leishmania spp., 25% dos bovinos e 16% dos eqüídeos foram reagentes à RIFI e 24% dos equídeos e 6% dos bovinos reagentes ao ELISA. A PCR foi realizada a partir de amostras de sangue, hemocultura, suabes conjuntivais e ectoparasitos, com primers que amplificam a região ITS e HSP70. A partir de amostras de sangue, 23% dos bovinos e 6% dos eqüídeos foram positivos e sete amostras de hemocultura de bovinos foram positivas, com pelo menos um dos primers. As amostras de ectoparasitos e suabes não apresentaram positividade à PCR. Em amostras de bovinos positivas à PCR foram identificadas espécies do gênero Leishmania infantum, Leishmania donovani e Trypanosoma theileri e em amostras de eqüídeos, foram identificadas espécie do gênero Leishmania: Leishmania donovani. Os resultados obtidos às provas parasitológicas, sorológicas e/ou moleculares sugerem a presença de tripanosomatídeos em animais de produção do município no Bauru-SP. No presente estudo, pela análise espacial, sugere-se o papel de proteção dos animais de produção para a ocorrência de leishmaniose em humanos.
The family Trypanosomatidae is composed of flagellate protozoa of the order Kinetoplastida, divided into 10 genera. The Trypanosoma protozoa, which cause trypanosomiasis and Leishmania genus, which cause leishmaniosis, are the parasites of major medical and veterinary interest. Trypanosomiasis is caused by different species, among them: Trypanosoma cruzi, T. theileri, T. equiperdum, T . evansi and T. vivax, which affect production animals, causing economic damages to the agricultural sector. In order to evaluate the occurrence of trypanosomatids in the municipality of Bauru-SP, a region endemic for leishmaniosis, the present study evaluated 200 animals, 100 cattle (Bos taurus) and 100 equidae (Eqqus spp.) from urban and peri-urban areas of the municipality. In the spatial analysis, in order to understand the distribution of risk factors, we evaluated the epidemiological factors of leishmaniasis, related to its diagnosis in the studied animals, in dogs and in humans as well, from different districts of Bauru city, aiming a better comprehension and the strategies for the control of this disease. The diagnosis was based on parasitological techniques: blood smear and blood culture; serological tests: Immunofluorescence Antibody Test (IFAT) and Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA); and molecular: Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and sequencing. No suggestive forms of protozoa were found in blood smears, but the blood culture analysis of seven animals allowed visualization of these protozoa. To the serological techniques for Leishmania spp., 25% of the cattle and 16% of the equines were reactive to IFAT and 24% of the equines and 6% of the cattle reactive to ELISA. PCR was performed from blood samples, blood cultures, conjunctival swabs and ectoparasites, with primers from the ITS and HSP70 region. From blood samples, 23% of cattle and 6% of equines were positive and seven samples of bovine blood culture were positive, with at least one of the primers. Samples of ectoparasites and swabs showed no PCR positivity. Specimens of the genus Leishmania infantum, Leishmania donovani and Trypanosoma theileri were identified in specimens of PCR positive bovines, and species of the genus Leishmania: Leishmania donovani were identified in equine samples. The results obtained for the parasitological, serological and / or molecular tests suggest the presence of trypanosomatids in animals of the municipality of Bauru-SP. In this study, by the spatial analysis, the role of protection of the production animals for the occurrence of leishmaniosis in humans is suggested.
FAPESP: 2014/15808-6
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Teixeira, Márcia Cristina Alves [UNESP]. "Estudo clínico, hematológico, bioquímico sérico, parasitológico, imunológico e patológico de bovinos experimentalmente infectados com Trypanosoma evansi Steel, 1885 (Sarcomastigophora: Trypanosomatidae)." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/101227.
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Trypanosoma evansi é patogênico para a maioria dos animais, acometendo bovinos, bubalinos, caprinos, ovinos, suínos, cães, quatis, capivaras, camelos e outras espécies animais em áreas tropicais e subtropicais do globo terrestre sendo, no Brasil, a doença endêmica no pantanal mato-grossense. O presente estudo teve como fito principal estudar a evolução clínica, as alterações hematológicas, bioquímicas sérica, imunológicas e anatomopatológicas de bovinos infectados experimentalmente com T. evansi. Para tal, foram utilizados oito bovinos, clinicamente sadios e sorologicamente negativos para T. evansi. Três foram mantidos como testemunhos e cinco inoculados com T. evansi. Exames físicos, parasitológicos, hematimétricos e bioquímicos séricos (proteínograma, índice ictérico e glicose) e do líquido cefalorraquidiano foram realizados. Nos exames físicos realizados nos bovinos até 525° DAI não foi notada nenhuma anormalidade clínica com relação à temperatura retal, batimentos cardíacos, frequência respiratória, movimentos ruminais, aspectos de membranas mucosas (nasal, conjuntival, oral, vaginal e/ou prepucial) e dos linfonodos externos (mandibulares, maxilares, parotídeos, cervicais superficiais, sublíacos e mamários). A presença de tripomastigotas foi demonstrada através da prova biológica nos bovinos 01, 06 e 08 no15° DAI, bovinos 06 e 07 no 30° DAI, bovinos 01 e 06 no 45° DAI, bovino 06 no 60° DAI, bovino 01 no 75° DAI. As contagens de hemácias, os teores de hemoglobina e os volumes globulares dos bovinos, experimentalmente infectados, variaram dentro dos limites de normalidade para a espécie bovina. O VGM, HGM e CHGM, apresentam alterações pontuais.
Trypanosoma evansi are pathogenic to most of animals, affecting cattle, buffaloes, goats, sheep, pigs, dogs, coatis, capybaras, camels and other animals in tropical and subtropical areas of the globe, and, in Brazil, it causes an endemic disease in the Pantanal Mato Grosso. This study primarily aimed to study the clinical, hematological, biochemical, immunological and pathological alterations in cattle experimentally infected with T. evansi. For this purpose, we used eight animals, clinically healthy and serologically negative for T. evansi. Three animas were kept as evidence and five were inoculated with T. evansi. Physical, parasitological, hematological and serum biochemical (proteins, icteric index and glucose) and cerebrospinal fluid examination were performed. In the physical examination conducted in cattle up to 525th DAI were not observated any clinical abnormality in concerning rectal temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate, ruminal movements, aspects of the mucous membranes (nasal, conjunctival, oral, vaginal and / or specimen) and external nodes (mandibular, maxillary, parotid, superficial cervical, breast and sublíacos). The presence of trypomastigotes was demonstrated by bioassay in cattle 01, 06 and 08 no 15th DAI, cattle 06 and 07 at 30° DAI, cattle 01 and 06 on the 45 th DAI, cattle 06 in 60 th DAI, cattle 01 in 75 th DAI. Red blood cells counts, hemoglobin content and volume cell of experimentally infected cattle were within normal limits for the bovine species. The MCV, MHC and MCHC, showed specific changes. Physical examination of the cerebrospinal fluid did not show alterations in appearance and coloration. Morever, using the Giensa-stained blood smears, buffy coat technique (BCT) and mouse inoculation procedure were negative for T. evansi tripomastigote. Serum protein concentrations, identified 26 proteins with molecular weights ranging from 20 to 245 KD.
Books on the topic "Bovine Trypanosomiasis"
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H, Holmes P., and Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations., eds. Drug management and parasite resistance in bovine trypanosomiasis in Africa. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 1998.
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Sauveroche, Benoit. Physiologie de la reproduction des bovins trypanotolerants: Synthese des connaissances actuelles. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 1993.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Bovine Trypanosomiasis"
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de Araújo Melo, Solange, Renata Mondêgo de Oliveira, and Ana Lucia Abreu-Silva. "Bovine Trypanosomiasis in Brazil." In Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases of Livestock, 379–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47426-7_18.
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Black, Samuel J. "Control of pathogenesis in African animal trypanosomiasis: a search for answers at ILRAD, ILCA and ILRI, 1975-2018." In The impact of the International Livestock Research Institute, 103–47. Wallingford: CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789241853.0103.
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Abstract This book chapter describes the management of animal trypanosomiasis: (i) vector control/eradication; (ii) use of trypanocides; and (iii) use of trypanotolerant breeds of cattle. Vector control includes reducing the tsetse fly population with traps and insecticides, and in areas with a high population of trypanosome infected tsetse, animals are prophylactically administered antiparasitic drugs. To date, there is no AAT vaccine available, as discussed below. While disappointing with respect to AAT control, studies of AAT pathogenesis at ILRAD/ILRI did identify the definitive question for immunological research on AAT, namely, how do trypanosomes eliminate TD antibody responses in trypanosomiasis-susceptible mammals? In addition, the work at ILRI on the genetic basis of trypanotolerance contributed a high-density singlenucleotide polymorphism (SNP) map of the bovine genome that has intrinsic value for analysis of QTLs that control other traits, including susceptibility to other diseases.
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Buyck, E. J. E., and E. BRAIBANT. "VARIATIONS DE L'INCIDENCE DE LA TRYPANOSOMIASE BOVINE EN FONCTION DE LA LUTTE CONTRE GLOSSINA MORSITANS WESTW. AU BUGESERA (Rwanda)." In Proceedings of the First International Congress of Parasitology, 984–86. Elsevier, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-011427-9.50295-x.
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