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Journal, Admin. "EKSPLORASI BAKTERI PELARUT FOSFAT DI LAHAN GAMBUT BERENG BENGKEL, KALIMANTAN TENGAH (Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria Eksploration in Peatland Bereng Bengkel, Central Kalimantan)." AgriPeat 19, no. 02 (2019): 102–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.36873/agp.v19i02.163.
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ABSTRACTThe high availability of organic compounds in peatlands is stored capital and can be converted intoelements by soil microbe. The high organic content causes nutrients in the soil cannot be directlyutilized by plants. Phosphate solubilizing bacteriaare soil bacteria that capableofsolubilizingphosphate, turns it into an available form in the soil. The aims of this research are todiscover the existence of a phosphate solubilizing bacteriagenus and obtain potential pure isolatesfrom Bereng Bengkel peatland, Central Kalimantan. Bacteria isolation usingselective mediaPikovskaya with pour plate method. The isolation results are five phosphate solvent bacterialisolates (BPF1, BPF2, BPF3, BPF4, BPF5) which form hallozone. Based on the characterizationresults refering to the Bergey's Manual of Determinative of Microorganism through macroscopicobservation, microscopic observation and physiological testing. BPF1 and BPF5 isolates were thegenus Rhodococcusgenus, BPF2 isolates were theRhizobiumgenus, BPF3 isolates were theMicorococcusgenus, BPF4 isolates were the SerratiagenusKeywords: Phosphate solubilizing bacteria, peatland, soil bacteria
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Ariyanto, Ariyanto. "Analisis Kerusakan Bantalan Gelinding Pada Sistem Variable Speed Dengan Menggunakan Spektrum Getaran." Manutech : Jurnal Teknologi Manufaktur 13, no. 02 (2021): 90–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.33504/manutech.v13i02.180.
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Pengukuran nilai getaran overall pada sistem transmisi variable speed mesin frais type knee sudah memasuki daerah kondisi rusak dan perlu dilakukan tindakan lanjutan. Pengukuran yang lebih spesifik dilakukan dengan mengamati frekuensi getaran yang dihasilkan dan dibandingkan dengan frekuensi teoritis komponen, metode ini dapat memperkirakan komponen yang mengalami penurunan kemampuan hingga mengalami kerusakan. Berdasarkan data riwayat kerusakan mesin sebelumnya terjadi kerusakan pada komponen bantalan 3304 yang memerima beban dari sistem Pully dan Belt. Untuk memastikan apakah kerusakan pada bantalan 3304 terulang kembali dilakukan pengukuran getaran pada frekuensi komponen yang diamati. Frekuensi Pengamatan yang dilakukan adalah pada BPFI ( Ball Pass Frequency Inner ), BPFO ( Ball Pass Frequency Outer), FTF ( Fundamental Train Frequensy ) dan elemen gelinding/BSF ( Ball Spin Frequency). Pengamatan dilakukan dengan mengukur sinyal getaran menggunakan alat Vibroport 80 dan pengolahan data dengan meggunakan aplikasi perangkat lunak Report and Examiner. Hasil pengolahan data diperoleh nilai frekuensi ukur yang berhinpitan dengan nilai frekuensi hitung BSF dan BPFI, hal ini mengindikasikan kerusakan terjadi pada bantalan. Setelah dilakukan penggantian bantalan baru, nilai getaran overall masuk ke daerah kriteria kondisi baik serta terjadi penurunan peak pada BSF dan BPFI.
 Kata kunci ; Overall, bantalan 3304, BPFI, BPFO, FTF, BSF
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Wahyudi, Tri, Soeharsono Soeharsono, and Noor Eddy. "MENDETEKSI KERUSAKAN BANTALAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN SINYAL VIBRASI." SINERGI 20, no. 2 (2016): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.22441/sinergi.2016.2.006.
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Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat kerusakan dan karakteristik spektrum vibrasi dari bantalan yang masih bagus, bantalan yang cacat 30% di lintasan dalam, cacat 30% di lintasan luar, cacat 30% di rolling element, dan bantalan yang rusak secara alami. Penelitian dilakukan dengan rig tool menggunakan bantalan 2205-K-2RS-TVH-C3 pada kecepatan 1500rpm, sinyal vibrasi diukur dengan alat FAG Detector III. Selanjutnya dilakukan analisa dengan trendline software. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bantalan dengan kondisi bagus memiliki karakteristik amplitudo velocity dibawah 1.80 mm/s dan spektrum vibrasi FFT velocity dan demodulation of acceleration yang tidak berimpitan dengan garis frekuensi impuls baik BPFI, BPFO dan BSF. Bantalan cacat 30% di lintasan dalam menghasilkan amplitudo velocity yang tinggi. Bantalan cacat 30% di lintasan luar dan cacat 30% di rolling element memiliki amplitudo velocity cenderung bervariasi. Bantalan yang cacat 30% di lintasan dalam, lintasan luar ataupun di rolling element menghasilkan spektrum vibrasi FFT velocity dan demodulation of acceleration dengan garis puncak frekuensi berimpitan dengan garis frekuensi impuls masing-masing BPFI, BPFO atau BSF.
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Stoica, R. M., D. Voicu, R. Vilau, L. Barothi, and L. Deleanu. "Bearings fault detection by means of frequency analysis." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1220, no. 1 (2022): 012032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1220/1/012032.
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Abstract The present paper aims to analyse the possibility to prevent machine failure due to bearing faults, with the use of frequency analysis. The experimental research consisted in mounting a simple mechanical transmission, integrating an electric motor, a rigid coupling, a driven shaft, two pillow block bearings and a uniaxial accelerometer (connected to a data acquisition board), which was tested at two constant motor speeds. Follow-up, with the use of recorded data, it was plotted the envelope spectrum of bearing functioning, based on BPFO, BPFI, FTF and BSF harmonics, which were later used to determine on which element of the bearing is the defect located, or if the bearing lacks proper greasing.
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Kamiel, Berli Paripurna. "Demodulation of Vibration Signal Based on Envelope-Kurtogram for Ball Bearing Fault Detection." JMPM (Jurnal Material dan Proses Manufaktur) 4, no. 2 (2020): 115–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18196/jmpm.v4i2.11271.
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Rolling element bearings often suffer damage due to harsh operating and environmental conditions. The method commonly used in detecting faults in a bearing is envelope analysis. However, this method requires setting the central frequency and the correct bandwidth - which corresponds to the resonance frequency of the bearing - for signal demodulation to be effective. This study proposes a kurtogram to determine the correct central frequency and bandwidth to obtain the frequency band with the highest impulse content or the highest kurtosis value. Analysis envelope is applied to the filtered vibration signal using the central frequency and bandwidth parameters obtained from the kurtogram. The results showed that the envelope-kurtogram method is effective for faulty bearing detection as shown in the envelope spectrum where the peaks coincide with the bearing defect characteristic frequency (BPFO) with high accuracy. Likewise, it can be observed several BPFO harmonics which provide information on the level of bearing fault.
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Bangruwa, Jarnail S., Balesh Kumar Vashisth, Neelam Singh, and Vivek Verma. "Anomalous ferroelectric and magnetic behavior in BPFO-NZFO multiferroic nano-composites." Ceramics International 44, no. 10 (2018): 11737–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2018.03.252.
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Kumar, Abhishek, and Dileep Kumar Upadhyay. "A compact planar diplexer based on via-free CRLH TL for WiMAX and WLAN applications." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 11, no. 2 (2018): 130–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078718001496.
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AbstractIn this paper, design and development of a via-free composite right/left handed transmission line (CRLH TL)-based diplexer for WiMAX and WLAN bands is reported. The diplexer is having two channels, where each channel consists of a separate bandpass filter (BPF). The BPF of both channels are designed on via-free CRLH TLs based on a newly proposed right-angled corner-modified split ring resonator (RAC-MSRR) structure. The RAC-MSRR incorporates meander paths because of which working scope of frequencies is focused for measured center frequencies (f1) 3.5 GHz with −3 dB fractional bandwidth (FBW) of 21.21% (BPF1 channel) and (f2) 5.6 GHz with −3 dB FBW of 13.29% (BPF2 channel). For diplexer design, T-section is used for joining two BPFs which results in very good isolation of more than 32.5 dB over the frequency band of 2.5–8.0 GHz. The designed diplexer has passband insertion loss of −0.87 dB at f1 and −1.25 dB at f2. Overall size of the fabricated diplexer including 50 Ω feed line is 18 × 15 mm2. Equivalent lumped circuit model parameters of the diplexer are obtained from the pseudo-inverse matrix technique. Measured results show good concurrence with simulated results and subsequently approve the proposed model design.
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Coimbra, Pedro Paulo Saldanha, Anna Carolina Alves Gomes da Silva-e-Silva, Ananda da Silva Antonio, et al. "Antioxidant Capacity, Antitumor Activity and Metabolomic Profile of a Beetroot Peel Flour." Metabolites 13, no. 2 (2023): 277. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo13020277.
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In this study, a beetroot peel flour was made, and its in vitro antioxidant activity was determined in aqueous (BPFw) and ethanolic (BPFe) extracts. The influence of BPFw on breast cancer cell viability was also determined. A targeted betalain profile was obtained using high-resolution Q-Extractive Plus Orbitrap mass spectrometry (Obrtitrap-HRMS) alongside untargeted chemical profiling of BPFw using Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS). BPFw and BPFe presented satisfactory antioxidant activities, with emphasis on the total phenolic compounds and ORAC results for BPFw (301.64 ± 0.20 mg GAE/100 g and 3032.78 ± 55.00 µmol T/100 g, respectively). The MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells presented reductions in viability when treated with BPFw, showing dose-dependent behavior, with MDA-MB-231 also showing time-dependent behavior. The chemical profiling of BPFw led to the identification of 9 betalains and 59 other compounds distributed amongst 28 chemical classes, with flavonoids and their derivates and coumarins being the most abundant. Three forms of betalain generated via thermal degradation were identified. However, regardless of thermal processing, the BPF still presented satisfactory antioxidant and anticancer activities, possibly due to synergism with other identified molecules with reported anticancer activities via different metabolic pathways.
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Chouhan, Sangita, Rajkumar Ahirwar, Tejpal Singh Parmar, Ragini Gothalwal, and Sanjay Sahay. "OPTIMUM ACTIVITY TEMPERATURES OF FPASES FROM PSYCHROTOELRENT (PENICILLIUM CANESCENS AND RHODOTORULA MUCILAGINOSA) AND PSYCHROPHYLIC (PSEUDOGYMNOASCUS ROSEUS) FUNGI." Journal of Advanced Scientific Research 13, no. 01 (2022): 392–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.55218/jasr.202213148.
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FPAses have been isolated and studied from psychrotolerant yeast Rhodotorula mucilaginosa BPT1, Penicillium canescens BPF4 and Pseudogymnoascus roseus BPF6. BPT1 showed 100% activity at 4ºC, 30ºC and 50ºC, while that from BPF4 and BPF6 showed maximal activity at 60ºC and 40ºC respectively. The enzyme from BPT1 showed three peak activities, BPF4 and BPF6 showed single peak activity. While BPT1 FPAse showed 100% activity at low temperature i.e. 4ºC, rendering it very useful enzyme. The FPAses from both the other fungi also showed more than 60% residual activity at cold temperatures. The cold-activity of the enzymes makes them potential for application in simultaneous saccharification and fermentation and other industries especially food processing ones.
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Purwanto, Panca, Subekti Subekti, Abdul Hamid, and Nur Indah. "Identify damage to the mixer motor on the banbury machine using the vibration method." JTTM : Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin 5, no. 1 (2024): 105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.37373/jttm.v5i1.890.
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The Banburyy mixer machine is a tool used to mix materials, such as raw rubber, carbon and chemicals into a homogeneous mixture. The Banburyy engine component consists of a rotor. The rotor rotates as a result of the power transmission coming from the industrial motor, the power transmission uses a gearbox. Therefore, induction motors play an important role in Banbury engines. If damage to the induction motor is not detected early, it can result in more severe damage or even unusability. Therefore, in this paper we will analyze the characteristics of bearing damage using the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) method and the Hilbert method on mixer motors. The bearings used in the mixer motor are SKF 6330/C3 bearings in the drive end position and SKF 6324 types in the non-drive end motor position. The measurement results were then processed using the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and Hilbert Transform methods. The rotation speed variations carried out in the test were 500 rpm, 1000 rpm and 1500 rpm. Bearing damage analysis uses a vibration method that is obtained based on characteristic frequency values that indicate the occurrence of damage, in the form of Ball Spin Frequency (BSF) on the ball, Ball Pass Frequency Outer (BPFO) on the outer track, Fundamental Train Frequency (FTF) that occurs on the cage, and Ball Pass Frequency Inner (BPFI) on the inner track, according to bearing specifications and motor shaft rotational speed. From the analysis results, it was found that in the SKF 6330/C3 bearing an amplitude appeared at a frequency close to the FTF value of 7.031 Hz along with its harmonic frequencies, whereas in the SKF 6324 bearing no frequency of damage appeared. This indicates that the bearing in the drive end position, namely the SKF 6330/C3 bearing, is thought to have experienced damage to the cage bearing (ball bearing cage). The action taken is to replace the bearing with a new one as soon as possible
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Mykhalkiv, Serhii, Vasyl Ravlyuk, Andrii Khodakivskyi, and Viktor Bereznyi. "Identification of Axle-Box Bearing Faults of Freight Cars Based on Minimum Entropy Deconvolution and Squared Envelope Spectra." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.3 (2018): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.3.19729.
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Purpose: To improve the performance of vibration spectral methods in identification of bearing element faults of freight car axle-boxes.Approach: An algorithm for simulating the expected vibration signal of outer race bearing was implemented. The autoregressive filter and minimum empirical deconvolution method was applied to identify the ball pass outer-race fault frequency and its harmonics on the envelope spectra and squared envelope spectra which were extracted in the proper frequency band.Results: The simulated vibration signal of a faulty bearing shows suitability of the autoregressive filter and minimum empirical deconvolution method, envelope and squared envelope spectra for outer race fault identification. There were observed a lower amount of features and their impulse sharpness in outer race faults in the bearing test rig than on the spectra in the wheelset test rig.Conclusions: The deterministic components are removed in the residual signal after using the AR filter and the impulse and noise components that decrease the kurtosis value remain in it. The MED technique additionally enhances the magnitude of increased BPFO components after using the AR filter and, together with it, provides satisfied performance and increases the efficiency of vibration diagnostics.
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Yoon, Kicheol, Kwang Gi Kim, and Tae-Hyeon Lee. "Miniaturized Bandpass Filter Using a Combination of T–Shaped Folded SIR Short Loaded Stubs." Sensors 22, no. 7 (2022): 2708. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22072708.
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The consumption of multimedia content is ubiquitous in modern society. This is made possible by wireless local area networks (W–LAN) or wire service systems. Bandpass filters (BPF) have become very popular as they solve certain data transmission limitations allowing users to obtain reliable access to their multimedia content. The BPFs with quarter–wavelength short stubs can achieve performance; however, these BPFs are bulky. In this article, we propose a compact BPF with a T–shaped stepped impedance resonator (SIR) transmission line and a folded SIR structure. The proposed BPF uses a T–shaped SIR connected to a J–inverter structure (transmission line); this T–shaped SIR structure is used to replace the λg/4 transmission line seen in conventional stub BPFs. In addition, a folded SIR is added to the short stubs seen in conventional stub BPFs. This approach allows us to significantly reduce the size of the BPF. The advantage of a BPF is its very small size, low insertion loss, and wide bandwidth. The overall size of the new BPF is 2.44 mm × 1.49 mm (0.068λg × 0.059λg). The proposed BPF can be mass produced using semiconductors due to its planar structure. This design has the potential to be widely used in various areas including military, medical, and industrial systems.
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Casiglia, Simona, Maurizio Bruno, Federica Senatore, and Felice Senatore. "Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil of Bupleurum Fontanesii (Apiaceae) Growing Wild in Sicily and its Activity on Microorganisms Affecting Historical Art Crafts." Natural Product Communications 11, no. 1 (2016): 1934578X1601100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1601100131.
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Hydrodistillation of the flowers (BpFl) of and fruits (BpFr) of Bupleurum fontanesii Guss. ex Caruel gave two oils that were analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The main components were α-elemol (16.7%), caryophyllene oxide (16.4%) and heptacosane (15.9%) in BpFl, and spathulenol (16.8%), caryophylladienol I (13.2%) and α-elemol (12.8%) in BpFr. A good antimicrobial activity against several microorganisms, including Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Fusarium oxysporum and Aspergillus niger, all infesting historical art craft, was also determined.
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Wang, Z. J., C. Wang, E. S. Kim, J. G. Liang, and N. Y. Kim. "Microstrip bandpass filters using triple‐mode circle‐shaped ring resonator with/without stub perturbation." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 60, no. 10 (2018): 2500–2507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.31397.
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AbstractIn this letter, microstrip bandpass filters (BPFs) using circular triple‐mode ring resonators with/without stub perturbation are designed and analyzed. The first BPF, with a wide passband and a sharp band rejection, is proposed as a prototype, and stubs are attached to two additional BPFs to introduce perturbation. The effects of the stub perturbation are analyzed and evaluated using both the equations and the equivalent circuits presented in this study. The BPF prototype is equipped with both a circular outer resonator, which operates at one wavelength, and a half‐wavelength open‐ended coupled line with a central connected quarter‐wavelength shunt open stub. Each side of the passband has two transmission zeros, which provides the filter with both good selectivity and good out‐band suppression. Based on this BPF prototype, two additional BPFs are designed with stub perturbation for in‐band (BPF 1) and multi‐band (BPF 2) adjustment.
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P., Shanmugavadivu, Kanimozhi G., Dhamodharan S., and Nithya A. "BREAST CANCER CLASSIFICATION ON ENHANCED SEGMENTED MAMMOGRAMS USING OPTIMIZED CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORKS." Journal of Engineering & Technological Advances 8, no. 1 (2023): 66–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.35934/segi.v8i1.69.
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Breast cancer ranks as the second most common malignancy among women and the second-most common reason for cancer deaths worldwide. Digital Mammogram screening can offer low-cost early diagnosis and reduce the breast cancer fatality rate among victims. This research aims to build a model that automatically assists in classifying malignant and benign lesions depicted on digital mammograms without any human interventions. The Mammographic Image Analysis Society (mini-MIAS) image dataset, which contains 322 mammograms, is employed in the present study. This research focuses on the Background Preserved and Feature-Oriented Contrast Improvement (BPFO-CI) method for contrast enhancement that uses the Weighted Cumulative Distribution Function. The Region of Interest (RoI) is then extracted from the improved mammograms using the Thresholding Segmentation method. Then extracted RoIs are used as input for classification using optimal Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). Data augmentation is applied to the pre-processed dataset. The suggested pre-processed CNN model's performance is compared to various classification algorithms in pertaining to accuracy and confusion matrix. The simulation results confirm the importance and effectiveness of the suggested model in comparison to other well-known conventional approaches. As a result, this classification method is predicted to aid in the diagnosis of breast cancer.
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Shin, Seung-Sik. "A Comparison of the Cascading Chebyshev BPF's skirt Characteristic and the Same Order BPF's." Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 64, no. 4 (2015): 598–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.5370/kiee.2015.64.4.598.
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Gonzalez-Calderon, Héctor, Gerardo Araya-Letelier, Sabine Kunze, et al. "Biopolymer-Waste Fiber Reinforcement for Earthen Materials: Capillary, Mechanical, Impact, and Abrasion Performance." Polymers 12, no. 8 (2020): 1819. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12081819.
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The poultry industry, highly prevalent worldwide, generates approximately 7.7 × 106 metric tons of chicken feathers (CFs), which become a major environmental challenge due to their disposal when considered waste or due to their energy transformation consumption when considered by-products. CFs are mainly composed of keratin (approximately 90%), which is one of the most important biopolymers whose inherent characteristics make CFs suitable as biopolymer fibers (BPFs). This paper first assesses the morphological and chemical characteristics of these BPFs, through scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and then evaluates the waste valorization of these BPFs as a sustainable alternative for fiber-reinforcement of earthen mixes intended for earthen construction, such as adobe masonry, rammed earth, and earthen plasters. In particular, four earthen mixes with increasing doses of BPFs (i.e., 0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, and 1% of BPFs by weight of soil) were developed to evaluate the impact of BPF-reinforcement on the capillary, mechanical, impact, and abrasion performance of these earthen mixes. The addition of BPFs did not significantly affect the mechanical performance of earthen mixes, and their incorporation had a statistically significant positive effect on the impact performance and abrasion resistance of earthen mixes as the BPF dose increased. On the other hand, the addition of BPFs increased the capillary water absorption rate, possibly due to a detected increment in porosity, which might reduce the durability of water-exposed BPF-reinforced earthen mixes, but a statistically significant increment only occurred when the highest BPF dose was used (1%).
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Dinh, Trieu-Vuong, Ji-Won Ahn, In-Young Choi, and Jo-Chun Kim. "A Novel Bandpass Filter for the Analysis of Carbon Monoxide Using a Non-Dispersive Infrared Technique." Atmosphere 9, no. 12 (2018): 495. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos9120495.
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In this study, two novel narrow bandpass filters (BPF) obtained from the high-resolution transmission molecular absorption (HITRAN) data for a carbon monoxide (CO) non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) analyzer were investigated and compared with a commercial BPF (4.64 µm). The new BPF was made using a two-cavity filter method with different center wavelengths and bandwidths from the commercial BPF. The wavelengths of the two BPFs were 4.5 µm and 4.65 µm. The gas emission pattern of a coal-fired power plant was used as a case study. Various concentrations of target gases were used to theoretically estimate the interference, and to practically determine it. It was found that although the transmittances of the two new BPFs were lower than that of the commercial BPF, the signal-to-noise ratio caused by two novel BPFs was approximately 20. In terms of interference effect, carbon dioxide (CO2) was found as a strong interfering gas on the commercial BPF at 4.64 µm and the new BPF at 4.65 µm. In contrast, the new BPF at 4.5 µm cut off the interference effect of all target gases. The measurement error of the NDIR analyzer applying the BPF at 4.5 µm was similar to that of gas filter correlation (GFC) NDIR and was less than 1%. This indicates that the novel BPF at 4.5 µm can be used instead of a GFC for a CO NDIR analyzer, thus overcoming the limitations of using a GFC.
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Abramian, Osheen, Justin Rosenheck, Diana Taddeo-Kolman, Francis Bowen, Ziad Boujaoude, and Wissam Abouzgheib. "Therapeutic closure of bronchopleural fistulas using ethanol." Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease 15 (January 2021): 175346662110444. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17534666211044411.
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Bronchopleural fistula (BPF) leading to persistent air leak (PAL), be it a complication of pulmonary resection, radiation, or direct tumor mass effect, is associated with high morbidity, impaired quality of life, and an increased risk of death. Incidence of BPF following pneumonectomy ranges between 4.4% and 20% with mortality ranging from 27.2% to 71%. Following lobectomy, incidence ranges from 0.5% to 1.5% in reported series. BPFs are more likely to occur following right-sided pneumonectomy, while patients undergoing bi-lobectomy were more likely to suffer BPF than those undergoing single lobectomy. In addition to supportive care, including appropriate antibiotics and nutrition, management of BPF includes pleural decontamination, BPF closure, and ultimately obliteration of the pleural space. There are surgical and bronchoscopic approaches for the management of BPF. Surgical interventions are best suited for large BPFs, and those occurring in the early postoperative period. Bronchoscopic techniques may be used for smaller BPFs, or when an individual patient is no longer a surgical candidate. Published reports have described the use of polyethylene glycol, fibrin glues, autologous blood products, gel foam, silver nitrate, and stenting among other techniques. The Amplatzer device, used to close atrial septal defects has shown promise as a bronchoscopic therapy. Following their approval under the humanitarian device exemption program for treatment of prolonged air leaks, endobronchial valves have been used for BPF. No bronchoscopic technique is universally applicable, and treatment should be individualized. In this report, we describe two separate cases where we use an Olympus© 21-gauge EBUS-TBNA (endobronchial ultrasound–transbronchial needle aspiration) needle for directed submucosal injection of ethanol leading to closure of the BPF and subsequent successful resolution of PAL.
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Wang, Pinggui, Xiuhua Fu, Des Gibson, et al. "Optimised Performance of Non-Dispersive Infrared Gas Sensors Using Multilayer Thin Film Bandpass Filters." Coatings 8, no. 12 (2018): 472. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings8120472.
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In this work, performance improvements are described for a low-power consumption non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) methane (CH4) gas sensor using customised optical thin film bandpass filters (BPFs) centered at 3300 nm. BPFs shape the spectral characteristics of the combined mid-infrared III–V based light emitting diode (LED)/photodiode (PD) light source/detector optopair, enhancing the NDIR CH4 sensor performance. The BPFs, deposited using a novel microwave plasma-assisted pulsed DC sputter deposition process, provide room temperature deposition directly onto the temperature-sensitive PD heterostructure. BPFs comprise germanium (Ge) and niobium pentoxide (Nb2O5) alternating high and low refractive index layers, respectively. Two different optical filter designs are progressed with BPF bandwidths (BWs) of 160 and 300 nm. A comparison of the modelled and measured NDIR sensor performance is described, highlighting the maximised signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the minimised cross-talk performance benefits. The BPF spectral stability for various environmental temperature and humidity conditions is demonstrated.
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Suran, Jantra N., Annie J. Lo, and Jennifer A. Reetz. "Computed Tomographic Features of Pneumothorax Secondary to a Bronchopleural Fistula in Two Dogs." Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 50, no. 4 (2014): 284–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5326/jaaha-ms-6010.
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A bronchopleural fistula (BPF) can lead to continuous pneumothorax and is rarely reported clinically in dogs. This report describes computed tomographic (CT) findings in two dogs with BPFs and subsequent continuous pneumothoraces that necessitated thoracotomy. Both dogs had a peripheral BPF in the right caudal lung lobe. The fistula in one dog was secondary to a previous foreign body migration, and the fistula in the other was thought to be secondary to dirofilariasis. On both CT examinations, a dilated subsegmental bronchus was seen communicating with the pleural space at the center of a focal, concave region of parenchymal consolidation. Multiplanar reformatting aided in identification and characterization of the BPF. The pneumothoraces resolved after right caudal lobectomy in both dogs. CT has the potential to identify BPFs, such as secondary to foreign body migration or dirofilariasis.
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Wang, Yan-Qing, and Wei Zhuang. "Treat bronchopleural fistula after right lower lobectomy by extra right middle lobectomy—a neglected approach." Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery 31, no. 1 (2020): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icvts/ivaa050.
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Abstract OBJECTIVES Bronchopleural fistula (BPF) after right lower lobectomy (RLL), although uncommon, is associated with high mortality rates. This study was aimed at evaluating the therapeutic effect of extra right middle lobectomy (ERML) in the management of BPF after RLL. METHODS We investigated 12 consecutive patients who were treated at our hospital for BPF occurring after RLL. The diagnosis of BPF was established by bronchoscopy in all cases and BPFs were treated by ERML. All patients were followed up for at least 1 year after ERML to assess treatment outcomes. RESULTS The severity of infection and malnutrition after BPF was different for different patients. All patients agreed to undergo ERML. The procedure was uneventful in all cases, and there were no cases of perioperative complications or death. The median duration of hospitalization after ERML was 10.5 (range 6–21) days. Postoperative pathological examination showed the presence of hyperaemia and oedema in the BPF stump, and inflammatory cell infiltration in the stroma. The fresh stump of the bronchus intermedius was well structured. Patients were followed up for a median duration of 27 (range 12–41) months. The BPFs were successfully treated in all patients, and a new BPF did not develop in the new fresh stump in any of the cases. CONCLUSIONS ERML aimed at creating a fresh stump for quick healing could be alternative for treating BPF after RLL.
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Paresh, P. Khairnar, and I. Ansari M. "Devising Methods to Avoid Formation of Defects in a Ball Bearing through FFT Analyzer." Journal of Advancement in Mechanics 4, no. 1 (2019): 9–16. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2561657.
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Most of the essentials part is rolling element bearings in rotating machinery. Between the two parts of linear and relative motion are permitted for the function of bearings. During the operation, the bearings are often subjected to high speed and severe conditions. Under these severe operating conditions, defects are often developed in the bearing components. If no corrective measures are taken, the machine could halt or be seriously damaged. A different effect of bearing failure yields its own distinctive damage like primary damage and secondary damage are peeling and flaws. Excessive internal clearance, vibration, noise, are primary damage has been considered for the necessities. An unsuccessful bearing of times displays a mix of primary and secondary harm.
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Lee, Ki-Hun, Eun-Seong Kim, Jun-Ge Liang, and Nam-Young Kim. "Design and Realization of a Compact High-Frequency Band-Pass Filter with Low Insertion Loss Based on a Combination of a Circular-Shaped Spiral Inductor, Spiral Capacitor and Interdigital Capacitor." Electronics 7, no. 9 (2018): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics7090195.
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In this study, the proposed bandpass filter (BPF) connects an interdigital and a spiral capacitor in series between the two symmetrical halves of a circular intertwined spiral inductor. For the mass production of devices and to achieve a higher accuracy and a better performance compared with other passive technologies, we used integrated passive device (IPD) technology. IPD has been widely used to realize compact BPFs and achieve the abovementioned. The center frequency of the proposed BPF is 1.96 GHz, and the return loss, insertion loss and transmission zero are 26.77 dB, 0.27 dB and 38.12 dB, respectively. The overall dimensions of BPFs manufactured using IPD technology are 984 × 800 μ m 2 , which is advantageous for miniaturization and integration.
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Poli, Jean-Pierre, Anne Boyeldieu, Alexandre Lutz, et al. "BpfD Is a c-di-GMP Effector Protein Playing a Key Role for Pellicle Biosynthesis in Shewanella oneidensis." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 17 (2024): 9697. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms25179697.
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The aquatic γ-proteobacterium Shewanella oneidensis is able to form two types of biofilms: a floating biofilm at the air–liquid interface (pellicle) and a solid surface-associated biofilm (SSA-biofilm). S. oneidensis possesses the Bpf system, which is orthologous to the Lap system first described in Pseudomonas fluorescens. In the Lap systems, the retention of a large adhesin (LapA) at the cell surface is controlled by LapD, a c-di-GMP effector protein, and LapG, a periplasmic protease targeting LapA. Here, we showed that the Bpf system is mandatory for pellicle biogenesis, but not for SSA-biofilm formation, indicating that the role of Bpf is somewhat different from that of Lap. The BpfD protein was then proved to bind c-di-GMP via its degenerated EAL domain, thus acting as a c-di-GMP effector protein like its counterpart LapD. In accordance with its key role in pellicle formation, BpfD was found to interact with two diguanylate cyclases, PdgA and PdgB, previously identified as involved in pellicle formation. Finally, BpfD was shown to interact with CheY3, the response regulator controlling both chemotaxis and biofilm formation. Altogether, these results indicate that biofilm formation in S. oneidensis is under the control of a large c-di-GMP network.
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Xiong, Yang, Wei Zhang, Yue-Peng Zhong, and Li-Tian Wang. "Dual-/tri-band bandpass filters with fully independent and controllable passband based on multipath-embedded resonators." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 12, no. 10 (2020): 1012–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s175907872000135x.
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AbstractIn this paper, dual-band and tri-band bandpass filters (BPFs) with fully independent and controllable passbands based on multipath-embedded resonators are presented. The dual-band BPF consists of two double open-ended stub-loaded terminal-shorted resonators (DOESL-TSRs) with a common via-hole connected along the symmetric plane of the filter. Based on DOESL-TSRs, a triple open-ended stub-loaded terminal-shorted resonator (TOESL-TSR) is proposed in the design of tri-band BPFs. The resonant characteristics of DOESL-TSR/TOESL-TSR are analyzed by the numerical calculation method. The measured results of the dual-band BPF show that the center frequencies (CFs) are located at 2.595 and 5.75 GHz, respectively, with 3 dB fraction bandwidth (FBWs) of 15 and 12.8%. The measured CFs of the tri-band BPF are located at 2.545, 3.775, and 5.95 GHz, respectively, with 3 dB FBWs of 9.8, 9.3, and 5.5%. Both of the filters exhibit the merits of fully independent and controllable passbands, high selectivity, and compact size.
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Hasanah, Nur Nabilah, Ezzat Mohamad Mohamad Azman, Ashari Rozzamri, Nur Hanani Zainal Zainal Abedin, and Mohammad Rashedi Ismail-Fitry. "A Systematic Review of Butterfly Pea Flower (Clitoria ternatea L.): Extraction and Application as a Food Freshness pH-Indicator for Polymer-Based Intelligent Packaging." Polymers 15, no. 11 (2023): 2541. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15112541.
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The butterfly pea flower (Clitoria ternatea L.) (BPF) has a high anthocyanin content, which can be incorporated into polymer-based films to produce intelligent packaging for real-time food freshness indicators. The objective of this work was to systematically review the polymer characteristics used as BPF extract carriers and their application on various food products as intelligent packaging systems. This systematic review was developed based on scientific reports accessible on the databases provided by PSAS, UPM, and Google Scholar between 2010 and 2023. It covers the morphology, anthocyanin extraction, and applications of anthocyanin-rich colourants from butterfly pea flower (BPF) and as pH indicators in intelligent packaging systems. Probe ultrasonication extraction was successfully employed to extract a higher yield, which showed a 246.48% better extraction of anthocyanins from BPFs for food applications. In comparison to anthocyanins from other natural sources, BPFs have a major benefit in food packaging due to their unique colour spectrum throughout a wide range of pH values. Several studies reported that the immobilisation of BPF in different polymeric film matrixes could affect their physicochemical properties, but they could still effectively monitor the quality of perishable food in real-time. In conclusion, the development of intelligent films employing BPF’s anthocyanins is a potential strategy for the future of food packaging systems.
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Zhao, Kunchen, and Dimitra Psychogiou. "Monolithically-integrated 3D printed coaxial bandpass filters and RF diplexers: single-band and dual-band." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 14, no. 3 (2021): 293–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078721001471.
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AbstractThe manuscript reports on additively-manufactured (AM) coaxial-resonator-based bandpass filters (BPFs) and RF diplexers. A monolithic integration concept using stereolithography apparatus (SLA) is proposed and discussed in detail. Coupled-resonator-based synthesis alongside full-electromagnetic-based design methods is used for the design of the monolithic filters and RF diplexers. In particular, the paper discusses a new external coupling mechanism for dual-band BPFs that allow to independently control the coupling in each of the BPF passbands. Furthermore, a novel coaxial transmission line-type T-junction is proposed for the design of single- and dual-band RF diplexers. For practical validation purposes, multiple BPF and RF diplexer prototypes were designed, manufactured and tested at S- and C-band demonstrating the applicability of the proposed concept to low-cost, low-loss and low-weight RF components with complex geometrical features.
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Ono, Carla Rachel, Miguel Lia Tedde, Paulo Rogerio Scordamaglio, and Carlos Alberto Buchpiguel. "Pulmonary inhalation-perfusion scintigraphy in the evaluation of bronchoscopic treatment of bronchopleural fistula." Radiologia Brasileira 51, no. 6 (2018): 385–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0100-3984.2017.0133.
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Abstract Objective: To evaluate the use of pulmonary inhalation-perfusion scintigraphy as an alternative method of investigation and follow-up in patients with bronchopleural fistula (BPF). Materials and Methods: Nine patients with BPFs were treated through the off-label use of a transcatheter atrial septal defect occluder, placed endoscopically, and were followed with pulmonary inhalation-perfusion scintigraphy, involving inhalation, via a nebulizer, of 900-1300 MBq (25-35 mCi) of technetium-99m-labeled diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid and single-photon emission computed tomography with a dual-head gamma camera. Results: In two cases, there was a residual air leak that was not identified by bronchoscopy or the methylene blue test but was detected only by pulmonary inhalation-perfusion scintigraphy. Those results correlated with the evolution of the patients, both of whom showed late signs of air leak, which confirmed the scintigraphy findings. In the patients with complete resolution of symptoms and fistula closure seen on bronchoscopy, the scintigraphy was completely negative. In cases of failure to close the BPF, the scintigraphy confirmed the persistence of the air leak. In two patients, scintigraphy was the only method to show residual BPF, the fistula no longer being seen on bronchoscopy. Conclusion: We found pulmonary inhalation-perfusion scintigraphy to be a useful tool for identifying a residual BPF, as well as being an alternative method of investigating BPFs and of monitoring the affected patients.
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Xu, Minmin, Guojin Feng, Qingbo He, Fengshou Gu, and Andrew Ball. "Vibration Characteristics of Rolling Element Bearings with Different Radial Clearances for Condition Monitoring of Wind Turbine." Applied Sciences 10, no. 14 (2020): 4731. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10144731.
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Rolling element bearing is a vital component in rotating machinery, such as a wind turbine (WT) system. By accurately monitoring its health condition, the faults can be detected at an early stage, providing sufficient lead time to perform maintenance and hence reducing accidents and economic losses. Bearing usually suffers from various wears and tears, which result in a gradual increase in clearance through its lifetime. Insufficient understanding of vibration characteristics under different clearances brings difficulties for bearing condition monitoring. Thus, this paper presents a nonlinear bearing vibration model with six degrees of freedom (DOF) to investigate the vibration characteristics under different radial clearances and load conditions. Then, a dedicated bearing test is established to verify the reasonability and effectiveness of the vibration model. Furthermore, a comprehensive simulation analysis is conducted to study the vibration characteristics over an extended range of the internal radial clearance and external load. Results show that the dynamic force on each ball presents an impulse whose magnitudes increases whereas the pulse width reduces with clearance increases. Ball pass frequency of outer race (BPFO) is the dominant modulation component and the frequency is in accordance with the number of dynamic force impulses. Two indicators, i.e., root mean square (RMS) value and spectral centroid, are proposed to indicate clearance changes. In general, they show an uptrend with the increase in clearance, which is in line with the dynamic force increasing with clearance, especially the spectral centroid of the low frequency band. However, it should be noted that the RMS value and spectral centroid exhibit a fluctuating behavior due to nonlinear vibration responses. For the first time, this study shows the details of vibration characteristics with clearance variations and provides a foundation for monitoring the bearing conditions before any obvious local defects on raceways.
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Moon, Seong-Mo, Han Lim Lee, and Moon-Que Lee. "Absorptive K-Band Bandpass Filter Using a Balanced Recursive Structure." Electronics 9, no. 10 (2020): 1633. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9101633.
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This article presents a new K-band absorptive bandpass filter (ABPF) based on a microwave balanced recursive architecture. The proposed structure was configured using two passive microwave hybrid couplers, two conventional bandpass filters (BPFs), and a recursive path control module consisting of a phase shifter and an optionally variable gain amplifier. Using the proposed structure, stable return characteristics that were insensitive to the output load variation in the passband, a reduction in standing wave due to absorption in the stopband, and potentially high reliability could be achieved. Furthermore, since the same BPFs were reused, the electrical filtering order within the given physical BPF stages could be increased effectively. The proposed architecture was verified by comparing it with the performance of the conventional two-stage cascaded BPF. The measured results showed a 3 dB passband at 280 MHz with the center frequency at 19.9 GHz and improved roll-off characteristics. Furthermore, the stopband showed the reflectionless characteristic with the return loss being better than 7 dB.
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García-Polo, Cayo, Antonio León-Jiménez, Jose Luis López-Campos, et al. "Endoscopic Sealing of Bronchopleural Fistulas with Submucosal Injection of a Tissue Expander: A Novel Technique." Canadian Respiratory Journal 17, no. 1 (2010): e23-e24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/385036.
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The occurrence of a bronchopleural fistula (BPF) continues to represent a challenging management problem, and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. A novel and successful technique that uses submucosal injection of a tissue expander for bronchoscopic occlusion of BPFs has been designed. This method may be used either alone or in combination with bronchoscopic instillation of n-butyl-cyanoacrylate glue. The occlusion technique is described, with a presentation of two patients who were successfully treated with this method. The submucosal injection of a tissue expander is an effective, economical and minimally invasive technique for managing BPFs.
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Jimu, Aga, Xiuli Liu, Yingqi Fan, and Pengfei Yu. "Multiple bronchopleural fistulas resolved with combination stent therapy." Annals of Thoracic Medicine 20, no. 1 (2024): 82–85. https://doi.org/10.4103/atm.atm_101_24.
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Bronchopleural fistula (BPF) is a rare yet severe complication following lobectomy, with no standardized treatment protocol established. We present a case of a 65-year-old male with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who developed multiple BPFs postresection of the right lower lobe due to lung cancer and with tumor recurrence and metastasis. We employed a comprehensive management strategy comprising rigorous infection control, meticulous chest drainage, antitumor treatment, and targeted deployment of bronchial stents. This approach not only resolved the BPFs but also achieved a complete response of the lung cancer, extending progression-free survival to over 3 years.
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Bi, Xiaokun, Shaohua Guo, Zengpei Zhong, Kaidong Hong, Wei He, and Tao Yuan. "Reconfigurable Single-/Dual-Wideband Bandpass Filters Based on a Novel Topology." Electronics 9, no. 12 (2020): 2149. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9122149.
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Based on a new topology, a series of single-/dual-wideband bandpass filters (SWB/DWB BPFs) with reconfigurable masses of properties are presented. The proposed design starts from a dual-wideband passive filtering structure, which owns five transmission zeros in the stopbands and three transmission poles in each passband. Then, three capacitors are employed as the tuning elements. By controlling these three capacitors, DWB BPFs with different reconfigurable properties, including three independently tunable passband edges, tunable center frequency of lower passband with fixed absolute bandwidth, tunable bandwidth of lower passband with fixed center frequency, and switchable lower passband, can be realized. In addition, SWB BPF with tunable bandwidth also can be achieved by varying the inserted capacitors. For verification, a prototype with different capacitors is designed and fabricated. As the measured and simulated results agree well with each other, a simple design approach of reconfigurable SWB/DWB BPFs can be verified.
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Boyko, V. V., A. G. Krasnoyaruzhskiy, V. O. Hashchyna, A. A. Serenko, V. G. Groma, and E. V. Groma. "TREATMENT OF BRONCHOPLEURAL FISTULAS." Kharkiv Surgical School, no. 6 (December 30, 2022): 4–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.37699/2308-7005.6.2022.01.
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Summary. The article is due to consideration of the etiology, diagnosis and treatment of patients with bronchopleural fistula. Bronchopleural fistula (BPF) most often occurs after surgery for lung resection (pneumonectomy, lobectomy, segmentectomy), with a frequency of 1.5 to 4.5 % after pneumonectomy and 0.5 to 1 % after lobectomy.
 The development of BPF can be influenced by the technique of closing the bronchi (manual or mechanical suture). Other etiologic factors include complications of malignancy treatment, including chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and chest trauma. Most patients develop BPF in the first two weeks (<14 days) after lung resection, but the exact proportion is unknown. BPF can be assumed in a patient with lung resection. The diagnosis of BPF is made using a combination of clinical, X-ray, and bronchoscopic findings that confirm air leakage from the main, lobe, or segmental bronchus into the pleural cavity. There are no specific laboratory findings, although some patients with an infected pleural space (due to BPF) may have leukocytosis or elevated C-reactive protein. The presence of a fistula is often visible on an X-ray of the chest organs, and is more effectively evaluated on a chest computed tomography (CT).
 BPFs do not close spontaneously and almost always require any surgical or bronchoscopic intervention, so all patients require a multidisciplinary discussion. Since most BPFs occur early in the postoperative period and do not become infected, most patients undergo surgical treatment with a satisfactory outcome. Bronchoscopic techniques have variable success rates and are applicable to patients in whom surgery is contraindicated, including patients with septic shock and severe hypoxemia, as well as patients on mechanical ventilation, patients in whom surgery is risky, and patients for whom it is stage before surgery.
 So, bronchopleural fistula (BPF) is a connection between the main trunk, a segmental or segmental bronchus and the pleural space.
 Patients with BPF may have symptoms that range from acute symptoms of tension pneumothorax (eg, shortness of breath, chest pain, tracheal deviation to the contralateral side) to subacute symptoms of empyema (eg, fever, cough with copious amounts of purulent sputum), persistent air defecation through pleural drainage.
 All patients with BPF require an interdisciplinary approach. For patients who have failed surgery or bronchoscopy, options include reoperation, an alternative bronchoscopic approach, or, in some cases, thoracostomy.
 BPF is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, ranging from 21 to 71 %, especially in the setting of post-pneumonectomy empyema. The best results of the treatment of patients were obtained with demonstrated aggressive surgical professionalism.
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Wang, Jianguo, Minmin Xu, Chao Zhang, Baoshan Huang, and Fengshou Gu. "Online Bearing Clearance Monitoring Based on an Accurate Vibration Analysis." Energies 13, no. 2 (2020): 389. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13020389.
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Accurate diagnosis of incipient faults in wind turbine (WT) assets will provide sufficient lead time to apply an optimal maintenance for the expensive WT assets which often are located in a remote and harsh environment and their maintenance usually needs heavy equipment and highly skilled engineers. This paper presents an online bearing clearance monitoring approach to diagnose the change of bearing clearance, providing an early and interpretable indication of bearing health conditions. A novel dynamic load distribution method is developed to efficiently gain the general characteristics of vibration response of bearings without local defects but with small geometric errors. It shows that the ball pass frequency of outer race (BPFO) is the primary exciting source due to biased load distribution relating to bearing clearance. The geometric errors, including various orders of runouts on different bearing parts, can be the secondary excitation source. Both sources lead to compound modulation responses with very low amplitudes, being more than 20 dB lower than that of a small local defect on raceways and often buried by background noise. Then, Modulation Signal Bispectrum (MSB) is identified to purify the noisy signal and Gini index is introduced to represent the peakness of MSB results, thereby an interpretable indicator bounded between 0 and 1 is established to show bearing clearance status. Datasets from both a dedicated bearing test and a run-to-failure gearbox test are employed to verify the performance and reliability of the proposed approach. Results show that the proposed method is capable to indicate a change of about 20 µm in bearing clearance online, which provides a significantly long lead time compared to the diagnosis method that focuses only on local defects. Therefore, this method provides a big opportunity to implement more cost-effective maintenance works or carry out timely remedial actions to prolong the lifespan of bearings. Obviously, it is applicable to not only WT assets, but also most rotating machines.
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Taha, Ahmed, Randa Hazam, Jim Tseng, Lusine Nahapetyan, Masoud Alzeerah, and Asm Islam. "Bubbles in the Box: Recurrent Pneumothorax From Bronchopleural Fistula in Rheumatoid Arthritis." Journal of Investigative Medicine High Impact Case Reports 7 (January 2019): 232470961986055. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2324709619860555.
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When considering rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-associated pulmonary diseases, interstitial lung disease and pleural disease are the most common RA-associated pulmonary manifestations while spontaneous pneumothorax and bronchopleural fistula (BPF) are among the extremely rare ones. To the best of our knowledge, all the previous reports of RA-associated BPFs were attributed to peripherally located pulmonary nodules that necrotized, burst into the pleural cavity, and eventually lead to the fistula formation. However, we hereby present the first case of BPF in an RA patient that formed in the absence of any underlying rheumatic pulmonary nodules. Additionally, our patient was on chronic methotrexate therapy, and there are no data in the literature that suggest methotrexate-induced parenchymal lung disease can predispose to BPF formation. Our report is the first to introduce a probe to further investigate this association.
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Albertini, Ruben, Salvatore Macis, Andrei A. Ivanov, et al. "Tensile Microstrain Fluctuations in the BaPbO Units in Superconducting BaPb1−xBixO3 by Scanning Dispersive Micro-XANES." Condensed Matter 8, no. 3 (2023): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/condmat8030057.
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BaPb1−xBixO3 (BPBO) bismuthate, showing high TC superconductivity for 0.05 < x < 0.35, is an archetypal system for studying the complex inhomogeneity of perovskite lattice favoring the emergence of quantum coherence, called the superstripes phase. Local lattice fluctuations, detected by EXAFS; nanoscale stripes, detected by electron microscopy; and two competing crystalline structures, detected by diffraction, are known to characterize the superconducting phase. At nanoscale [BaBiO3] centered nanoscale units (BBO) coexist with BaPbO3 centered (BPO) units in the BPBO perovskite; therefore, we expect a tensile microstrain in BPO units due the misfit strain between the two different lattices. Here, we report the measurement of the spatial micro-fluctuations of the local tensile microstrain ε in the BaPO units in superconducting Ba(Pb1−xBix)O3 crystals with x1 = 0.19 an x2 = 0.28. We show here the feasibility of applying the scanning dispersive micro-X-ray absorption near edge structure (SdμXANES) technique, using focused synchrotron radiation, to probe the microscale spatial fluctuations of the microstrain in BPO units. This unconventional real-space SdμXANES microscopy at the Pb L3 edge has been collected in the dispersive mode. Our experimental method allows us to measure either the local Bi chemical concentration x and the local lattice microstrain of local BBO and BPO units. The 5 × 5 micron-size spots from the focused X-ray beam allowed us to obtain maps of 1600 points covering an area of 200 × 200 microns. The mapping shows a substantial difference between the spatial fluctuations of the microstrain ε and the chemical inhomogeneity x. Moreover, we show the different relations ε(x) in samples with lower (x1 = 0.19) and higher (x2 = 0.28) doping respect to the optimum doping (x = 0.25).
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Eshraghi, Mohsen, Enayatollah Noori, Ahmad Kachoie, and Moien Zolmafakher. "Pulmonary necrosis and bronchopleural fistula in a patient infected with COVID-19: A case report." Journal of Emergency Practice and Trauma 8, no. 2 (2021): 141–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/jept.2021.07.
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Objective: Bronchopleural fistula (BPF) is a pathological communication between the bronchial tree and pleural space. BPFs are commonly seen after lung surgery, and are less common in trauma, lung abscess, and radiation therapy. In this study, we describe the clinical course and surgery of a case of pulmonary necrosis and BPF in a patient infected with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Case Presentation: The patient was a 54-year-old man with multiple myeloma and end-stage renal disease from the last 8 years. He had a history of coronary artery bypass grafting from the last 3 years. He also suffered from progressive shortness of breath and dry cough since March 2019. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that BPF is one of the most severe complications after thorax surgery, and there is no effective prevention method particularly in this patient who had COVID-19 pneumonia. Therefore, early intervention, especially when diagnosed at an early stage, by strengthening the stump inside the thorax or thoracotomy in the open window may eventually accelerate the closure of the BPF and improve the survival.
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Chervinskiy, E. N. "Direct Calculation of Band-Pass Filters." Journal of the Russian Universities. Radioelectronics 25, no. 6 (2022): 6–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.32603/1993-8985-2022-25-6-6-21.
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Introduction. When calculating band-pass filters (BPF), the circuit elements can be determined by converting the parameters of prototype low-pass filters (LPF). In a number of cases, the synthesized BPF does not have a direct prototype in the low-frequency range. Such filters include, e.g., BPFs with nodes tied to zero potential and other types of filters. Filters can be calculated directly by equating the coefficients of the synthesized filter transfer function (TF) and the realized TF obtained from the low-pass filter TF by the frequency conversion followed by solving the corresponding system of equations.Aim. To develop a methodology for direct calculation of band-pass filters with attenuation poles.Materials and methods. The simplest scheme of BPF with attenuation poles can be formed by two sequentially connected Г-shaped half-links on parallel circuits. Such a filter is realized only at certain requirements upon attenuation characteristics. When switching to BPF schemes with an additional parallel circuit in the transverse branch and a sequential circuit in the longitudinal branch, these restrictions are removed. In this paper, we develop a method for calculating inverse and quasi-elliptical BPF of П-shaped and T-shaped type, which have no restrictions when selecting the minimum attenuation and unevenness of the amplitude-frequency response (AFR).Results. The TF analytical expressions of the 6th and 10th order BPF were derived. Relations were obtained that allow the number of equations of the system for determining the filter parameters to be reduced. For П- and T-shaped 6th order BPFs, representations of circuit inductances through the central frequency and filter capacitances were obtained. This made it possible to express transfer functions through capacitances, at the same time as reducing the number of equations of the system. Examples of direct calculation of the 6th and 10th order PPFs were given.Conclusion. When converting TF of LPF, the frequencies of the realized AFR at both sides of the central BPF frequency are connected by certain relations. This fact makes it possible to eliminate the equations of the system that equate the coefficients of transfer function numerators, thereby reducing the total number of equations. Parameters, whose number exceeds that of the equations of the system, are selected arbitrarily from a number of standardized values. As a result, the accuracy of reproducing the realized frequency response is significantly improved.
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Xu, Wei, Xiaoying Fu, Xia Li, and Ming Wang. "Data transformation models utilized in Bayesian probabilistic forecast considering inflow forecasts." Hydrology Research 50, no. 5 (2019): 1267–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2019.028.
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Abstract This paper presents a new Bayesian probabilistic forecast (BPF) model to improve the efficiency and reliability of normal distribution transformation and to describe the uncertainties of medium-range forecasting inflows with 10 days forecast horizons. In this model, the inflow data will be transformed twice to a standard normal distribution. The Box–Cox (BC) model is first used to quickly transform the inflow data with a normal distribution, and then, the transformed data are converted to a standard normal distribution by the meta-Gaussian (MG) model. Based on the transformed inflows in the standard normal distribution, the prior and likelihood density functions of the BPF are established, respectively. In this study, the newly developed model is tested on China's Huanren hydropower reservoir and is compared with BPFs using MG and BC, separately. Comparative results show that the new BPF model exhibits significantly improved data transformation efficiency and forecast accuracy.
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Navarro do Amaral, Thiago A., Raphael V. Rosa, David F. Cruz Moura, and Christian Esteve Rothenberg. "Run-Time Adaptive In-Kernel BPF/XDP Solution for 5G UPF." Electronics 11, no. 7 (2022): 1022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11071022.
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Flexibility is considered a key feature of 5G softwarization to deliver a timely response to changes in network requirements that may be caused by traffic variation, user mobility, dynamic network function chains, slice lifecycle management operations, among others. In this article, we evolve the upf-bpf1 open-source project by proposing a new design to improve its flexibility by reducing the run-time adaptation time. The project proposes an in-kernel solution based on BPF and eXpress Data Path (XDP) for 5G User Plane Function (UPF) implementations. The Just-In-Time (JIT) compilation may have a huge impact on the adaptation time due to the in-kernel verification of the BPF programs at run-time. Our results show latency improvements of around 95% to inject the BPF program into the Linux kernel. Furthermore, the solution keeps the same functionalities and delivers a packet processing performance of around 10–11 Mpps using 6 cores with almost 70% of the CPU utilization in downlink/uplink directions.
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Wang, Liang, Yikuan Fan, Fan He, et al. "Screening and Testing of Anti-Slagging Agents for Tobacco-Stalk-Based Biomass Pellet Fuel for Tobacco Curing." Processes 10, no. 9 (2022): 1690. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10091690.
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Using tobacco stalks as a biomass fuel for flue-cured tobacco production creates a closed, green production cycle. Tobacco stalks are rich in cellulose and can be crushed to produce biomass pellet fuel (BPF). However, single flue-cured tobacco stalk (FCTs) BPF can easily slag during flue-cured tobacco heating (FTH), which affects the operation of biomass burners. In this study, five anti-slagging agents (ASAs), one organic (sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, CMC) and four inorganic (kaolin, KLN; diatomite earth, DTE; calcium carbonate, CCO; and calcium dihydrogen phosphate, CHO)], were compared. An ash fusibility test was conducted in two steps to optimize the proportion and treatments that were then screened using FTH. Compared with pure FCT-based BPFs, the slag resistance of 2% CCO and CHO could be controlled below 15%. The emission of particulate matter from chimneys burning BPF with 2% CCO was lower than that with other ASAs. The ASAs achieved complete combustion with low carbon monoxide content in the tail gas. Considering the anti-slagging effect and economic cost, 2% CCO was the best additive for the biomass burner. These results provide a reference for FCT-based BPF production.
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Chaudhary, Girdhari, and Yongchae Jeong. "A Tunable Bandpass Filter with Arbitrarily Terminated Port Impedance Using Dual-Mode Resonator." Journal of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science 22, no. 6 (2022): 647–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.26866/jees.2022.6.r.134.
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This paper presents a design for a compact arbitrarily terminated port impedance tunable bandpass filter (BPF) with transmission zeros (TZs) that employs a dual-mode resonator. The proposed dual-mode resonator comprises two varactors along with series transmission lines and a shunt short-circuited stub. The resonant frequency separation of the dual-mode resonator can be adjusted by changing the length or characteristic impedance of the short-circuited stub. To achieve arbitrarily terminated port impedances, the coupling between the source/load and the dual-resonator is modified from the originally designed 50-to-50 Ω termination filter. Frequency selective characteristics are achieved by generating two TZs at the lower and upper frequencies of the passband. The location of the TZs can be changed by controlling the source-load coupling. To experimentally validate the proposed tunable BPF, three prototypes (50-to-50 Ω BPF, 25-to- 50 Ω BPF, and 20 + <i>j</i>10-to-50 Ω BPFs) are designed and fabricated. The measurement results revealed that the center frequency can be tuned from 2.10 GHz to 3.02 GHz (920 MHz tunability), where the insertion loss varies from 1.50 to 2.5 dB.
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N, Raja, and Raju S. "Extraction and Characterization of Bismarck Palm Fibres." Indian Journal of Science and Technology 15, no. 47 (2022): 2680–89. https://doi.org/10.17485/IJST/v15i47.1624.
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Abstract <strong>Objectives:</strong> A novel natural cellulose bismarck palm fibre (BPF) has been discovered and extracted from the leaf stalk of its tree. Physical, chemical, mechanical, and thermal characterizations have been conducted in this current study. <strong>Methods:</strong> A water retting method was employed for the extraction of BPFs. The diameter of BPF was assessed using an optical microscope image analyzer. A single fibre tensile test method was employed to calculate the tensile strength of BPF. The thermal behaviour of BPF was evaluated using thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA). A scanning electron microscope was utilized to evaluate the surface morphological structure of the BPF. <strong>Findings:</strong> The BPF has a fibre fineness of 819 denier, a mean diameter of 0.3636 mm, a density of 0.98 g/cc, cellulose content of 70.71%, hemi cellulose of 34.89%, lignin of 12.88%, wax of 0.30%, ash of 2.13 %, moisture of 10.80 %, pectin of 3.08 %, a mean breaking tensile strength of 904 MPa, mean breaking elongation of 6.4 %, and Young’s modulus of 28.6 GPa, respectively. It is evident that the thermal analysis of BPF was thermally sustainable up to 268 ◦C. The results ensure that the BPF is the anticipated reinforcement of fibre-reinforced composite materials. SEM images revealed that cross section of BPF sample and rugged surface along the length of the fibre. <strong>Novelty:</strong> The higher cellulose percentage content of BPF samples has significantly shown better mechanical behaviour and thermal stability. This characterization evidenced that it is an outstanding alternative natural cellulose fibre for Eleusine indica grass fibres, Saccharum Bengalense fibres, Leucas Aspera fibres, Catharanthus roseus fibres, and Tridax procumbens fibres and also for synthetic fibres. <strong>Keywords:</strong> Bismarck palm fibre; Natural cellulose fibre; Extraction; Characterization; Tensile strength
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Simpson, Dakotah J., Roberto Gómez-García, and Dimitra Psychogiou. "Mixed-technology quasi-reflectionless planar filters: bandpass, bandstop, and multi-band designs." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 11, no. 5-6 (2019): 466–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078719000230.
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AbstractThe design of mixed-technology quasi-reflectionless planar bandpass filters (BPFs), bandstop filters (BSFs), and multi-band filters is reported. The proposed quasi-reflectionless filter architectures comprise a main filtering section that determines the power transmission response (bandpass, bandstop, or multi-band type) of the overall circuit network and auxiliary sections that absorb the reflected radio-frequency (RF) signal energy. By loading the input and output ports of the main filtering section with auxiliary filtering sections that exhibit a complementary transfer function with regard to the main one, a symmetric quasi-reflectionless behavior can be obtained at both accesses of the overall filter. The operating principles of the proposed filter concept are shown through synthesized first-order BPF and BSF designs. Selectivity-increase techniques are also described. They are based on: (i) cascading in-series multiple first-order stages and (ii) increasing the order of the filtering sections. Moreover, the RF design of quasi-reflectionless multi-band BPFs and BSFs is discussed. A hybrid integration scheme in which microstrip-type and lumped-elements are effectively combined within the filter volume is investigated for size miniaturization purposes. For experimental validation purposes, two quasi-reflectionless BPF prototypes (one- and two-stage architectures) centered at 2 GHz and a second-order BSF prototype centered at 1 GHz were designed, manufactured, and measured.
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Yu, Yuxiang, Pingping Xu, Miaomiao Chang, and Jianmin Chang. "Aging Properties of Phenol-Formaldehyde Resin Modified by Bio-Oil Using UV Weathering." Polymers 10, no. 11 (2018): 1183. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym10111183.
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The aging properties of phenol-formaldehyde resin modified by bio-oil (BPF) were analyzed using ultraviolet (UV) weathering. The variations on bonding strength of BPF were measured, and the changes on microstructure, atomic composition and chemical structure of BPF were characterized by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), respectively. With the increase of aging time, the bonding strength decreased gradually, the resin surface became rougher and the O/C radio of resin surface increased. However, the loss rate of bonding strength of BPFs was 9.6–23.0% lower than that of phenol-formaldehyde resin (PF) after aging 960 h. The aging degree of BPF surfaces was smaller in comparison to PF at the same aging time. These results showed that the bio-oil had a positive effect on the anti-aging property. Analytical results revealed that with increasing the aging time, the XPS peak area of C–C/C–H decreased, while that of C=O and O–C=O increased. The intensity of methylene and ether bridges in NMR analysis decreased along with increasing the intensity of aldehydes, ketones, acids and esters. These results indicated that the aging mechanism of BPF was a process of the breakage of molecular chains and formation of oxygen-containing compounds.
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Motoi, Keiichi, Naoki Oshima, Masaki Kitsunezuka, and Kazuaki Kunihiro. "A 0.4–3-GHz nested bandpass filter and a 1.1–1.7-GHz balun bandpass filter using tunable band-switching technique." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 9, no. 6 (2017): 1279–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078717000447.
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This paper presents a second-order tunable single-ended (unbalanced) bandpass filter (BPF) with continuous 0.4–3-GHz coverage and a tunable balun BPF with continuous 1.1–1.7-GHz coverage for software-defined radio transceivers with the use of band-switchable and radio frequency (RF)-micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS)-tuned resonators. The BPFs are realized with two pairs of RF switches for coarse-tuning and RF-MEMS-tunable capacitors for fine-tuning. On the one hand, for the tunable single-ended BPF, a transition between three bands is enabled using two pairs of RF switches. On the other hand, for the tunable balun BPF, a transition between two bands is enabled using one pair of RF switches. Furthermore, the three-band switchable single-ended BPF is constructed in a nested two-filter bank structure for expanding the tuning range without increasing the footprint. In addition, to complement the discrete band gaps, RF-MEMS capacitor-tuned resonators are used, and a continuous tuning range of nearly the entire ultra-high-frequency band is achieved. The filter bank is fabricated on a Duroid substrate with εr = 3.5 and h = 0.787 mm. The filter bank has an insertion loss of 3.2–6.8 dB and a 1-dB bandwidth of 65–450 MHz with a continuous tuning range of 0.4–3 GHz.
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Wang, Kai, Zixu Zhang, Chen Xia, and Zhongchun Liu. "Experimental Investigation of Pressure Fluctuation, Vibration, and Noise in a Multistage Pump." Shock and Vibration 2018 (2018): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2784079.
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In order to measure the pressure pulsation, vibration, and noise characteristics of multistage centrifugal pump in different flow rates, a five-stage centrifugal pump was chosen as research object. The results show that the main frequency of pressure pulsation was BPF1, 9APF, BPF2, BPF2, and 9APF. According to the order of monitoring points, the intensity of the pressure fluctuation increased and then decreased, with the strongest fluctuation at monitoring point P2. The peak value of pressure fluctuation in monitoring point P2 was obviously higher than the other monitoring points. The main characteristic frequency of vibration is 4APF, BPF2, 9APF, 2BPF2, 3BPF1, 4BPF1, and 4BPF2. The number of characteristic frequencies at the outlet flange was significantly more than the number of characteristic frequencies at the inlet flange. As the flow rate increased, the vibration of motor gradually increased and the vibration of pump increased at first and then decreased. It reached the minimum vibration level in the design flow rate. Motor contributed the largest amount of noise caused by the pump unit. The noise level of measure point which is close to motor is higher than that of other measure points. As the flow rate increased, the noise incrementally increased, and the difference in noise level between measure points decreased gradationally. When the flow rate was 120 m3/h, the maximum difference value of different noise monitoring points was only 1.7 dB.
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Abdullah, Bazergan, Mimsyad Muhammad, Sirmayanti, and Rauf Yuliana. "Design and Realisation of Miniaturisation of Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW)-Based Bandpass Filter (BPF) at L-band Frequency." International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology 8, no. 1 (2023): 1385–93. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7614174.
Full textAbstract:
This paper studies a miniaturization of a substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) bandpass filter (BPF) using only a square cavity. This cavity is to be loaded with a multi-sector circular patch, where each sectored patch is connected to the bottom surface of the cavity through a shorting blind via. Each of the shorting-via loaded sectored- patches and the cavity’s top and bottom surfaces form a resonator. Hence, multiple resonators can be housed in a single square cavity and then are fed properly to construct a multipole BPF. For easy integration with surrounding circuit components, itis to be considered by only the case where the cavity is fed with the coplanar waveguide (CPW) rather than the coaxial cable. The downshifts in the resonance frequency of the proposed resonator structure for the different number of sectors obtained from a complete cicuit patch are studied. BPFs constructed using one, two, and threesectored patches are designed and compared. A sample BPF using three sectored patches is fabricated and measured. As compared with the third-order BPF using three empty SIW cavities, the size reduction rate of the fabricated one is up to 98%. A good agreement is obtained between simulated results and those measured.