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Journal articles on the topic 'Braille cell'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Sadak, Hany M., Ashraf A. M. Khalaf, Aziza I. Hussein, and Gerges Mansour Salama. "Braille code classifications tool based on computer vision for visual impaired." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 14, no. 6 (2024): 6992. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v14i6.pp6992-7000.

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Blind and visually impaired people (VIP) face many challenges in writing as they usually use traditional tools such as Slate and Stylus or expensive typewriters as Perkins Brailler, often causing accessibility and affordability issues. This article introduces a novel portable, cost-effective device that helps VIP how to write by utilizing a deep-learning model to detect a Braille cell. Using deep learning instead of electrical circuits can reduce costs and enable a mobile app to act as a virtual teacher for blind users. The app could suggest sentences for the user to write and check their work

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Rasika, S. Gargey Rohini V.Amale PravinKhawse HarshwardhanKharpate. "CONVERSION OF HINDI BRAILLE TO TEXT IN HINDI LANGUAGE." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY 7, no. 4 (2018): 82–86. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1229000.

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The Braille system has been used by the visually impaired for reading and writing. Due to limited availability of the Braille text books an efficient usage of the books becomes a necessity. This paper proposes a method to convert a scanned Braille document to text which can be read out to many through the computer. The Braille documents are pre-processed to enhance the dots and reduce the noise. The Braille cells are segmented and the dots from each cell is extracted and converted in to a number sequence. These are mapped to the appropriate alphabets of the language. The Braille cell has a sta

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3

Jun Su Lee and S. Lucyszyn. "A micromachined refreshable braille cell." Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems 14, no. 4 (2005): 673–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jmems.2005.845415.

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4

Tsay, Huoy-Shyi, and Fung-Huei Yeh. "DESIGN AND CONTROL OF A FLAPPER ACTUATED BRAILLE PRINTER BASED ON PC STANDARD INTERFACES." Biomedical Engineering: Applications, Basis and Communications 19, no. 01 (2007): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4015/s1016237207000094.

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A cost-effective and portable Braille printer with low noise is designed in this study. To reach this goal, the compressive printing concept is used and the Braille typesetting, the signal transmission interface module, the signal control module, and the Braille printing cell are designed and integrated. To increase the portability, the Braille printer is designed to use A4 size paper and each page can print at most twenty-four rows and twenty-seven Braille characters in each row. The typesetting of the printing page is designed to contain twenty-seven side-by-side Braille printing cells and e

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5

Murthy, Vishwanath Venkatesh, and M. Hanumanthappa. "Translation of Six Tuple Grade-1 Braille Alphabet to English Alphabet." International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering 10, no. 9 (2021): 8–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.i9273.0710921.

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Braille is the language used by visually impaired persons. Braille language comprises of collection of Braille cells which are embossed on a metal plate. Maintaining these bulky metal plates and distributing them to other parts of the world is a challenging task. This paper proposes a new technique of translating the Braille Cells embossed on plate to a natural language English character which can be easily distributed over network to make it globally accessible. Initially Braille documents are scanned, and preprocessing techniques like adaptive histogram and Laplacian filters are applied to a

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Vishwanath, Venkatesh Murthy, and Hanumanthappa M. "Translation of Six Tuple Grade-1 Braille Alphabet to English Alphabet." International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE) 10, no. 9 (2021): 8–11. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.I9273.0710921.

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Braille is the language used by visually impaired persons. Braille language comprises of collection of Braille cells which are embossed on a metal plate. Maintaining these bulky metal plates and distributing them to other parts of the world is a challenging task. This paper proposes a new technique of translating the Braille Cells embossed on plate to a natural language English character which can be easily distributed over network to make it globally accessible. Initially Braille documents are scanned, and preprocessing techniques like adaptive histogram and Laplacian filters are applied to a

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7

Shohruh, Begmatov Mukhriddin Arabboev Sardor Vakhkhobov Zukhriddin Khamidjonov Mokhirjon Rikhsivoev Khushnud Gaziev Khabibullo Nosirov. "DESIGN OF A PROTOTYPE OF A SINGLE-CELL REFRESHABLE BRAILLE DISPLAY." EURASIAN JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL THEORY AND COMPUTER SCIENCES 3, no. 9 (2023): 38–44. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8374776.

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With the rapid development of information technology in recent years, it is imperative that modern technologies are integrated into our daily lives. Advancements in technology are transforming our daily lives, providing wide opportunities for all regardless of physical ability. Even individuals with disabilities, including the blind and visually impaired, can be literate through learning the Braille system, thanks to technological advances. Braille-based devices are crucial tools for individuals who are blind or visually impaired to learn new skills. This paper proposes a single-cell Refreshab

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8

Holla, Shravya K., Rakshita M, Varshitha P, Tejaswini B.J, and Anuradha J.P. "Multifunctional And Low Cost Braille Display." Journal of University of Shanghai for Science and Technology 23, no. 07 (2021): 220–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.51201/jusst/21/07115.

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Braille Display is a device which helps the visually impaired to read a text file in Braille format and as well receive an audio output of the text file. It gives an option to the user whether to receive output in terms of braille or audio. Braille is a tactile writing language of raised dots using which blinds and visually impaired people read and write through touch. The pattern of raised dots can be read with the fingers by blinds. The number and arrangement of these dots forms alphabets, numbers and special characters. The braille output in Braille display is observed in Braille text poppe

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9

Hidayat, Hidayat, and Boni Al Amin. "Perancangan dan Implementasi Iqra Braille Elektronik Berbasis Mikrokontroler dan Android." Komputika : Jurnal Sistem Komputer 6, no. 2 (2019): 83–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.34010/komputika.v6i2.1744.

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Braille codes are letters that are known by blind people to be able to obtain information through books including the Qur'an. The availability of media to learn to read the Qur'an in Braille code for blind people is very limited. In addition, the availability of teachers of the Koran for the blind is very limited because not many people can see normally who understands the Qur'anic letters in Braille code, so it is necessary to design and implement an Iqra Electronic Braille device to facilitate the reading process. the Qur'an in Braille code for blind people. One of the Koran learning methods

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10

Mohd Nizam, Muhamad Zulhelmi bin, Shaharil bin Mad Saad, Mohamed Bin Hussein, Zair Asrar Ahmad, and Mohd Azlan Suhaimi. "Design of A Single Electromagnetic Braille Cell." International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology 69, no. 8 (2021): 155–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.14445/22315381/ijett-v69i8p219.

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11

D, Kavitha, and Radha V. "An innovative idea for low cost Braille e-reader." Indian Journal of Science and Technology 13, no. 17 (2020): 1778–85. https://doi.org/10.17485/IJST/v13i17.124.

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Abstract <strong>Background/Objectives:</strong> The aim of this study was to implement the rotating cubes for designing the Braillerefreshable display. The rotating cube Braille display has many benefits i.e., compact size, low cost etc. <strong>Methods/Statistical analysis:</strong> refreshable Braille display is an electro mechanical device which forms Braille charactersby raising pins through holes on flat surface. The raising of such pins is accomplished by complex and costly systems like solenoids or piezo-electric crystals or EAP (Electro Active Polimer). We developed the

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12

Setiawan, Agung Wahyu, Abdullah Faqih A. Mubarok, and Akhmad Dyma H. Syababa. "Pengembangan Alat Bantu Komunikasi bagi Penyandang Disabilitas Buta-Tuli Menggunakan IMAP." Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Ilmu Komputer 6, no. 1 (2019): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.25126/jtiik.2019611263.

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<p class="Abstrak">Melalui UU Nomor 8 Tahun 2016, negara menjamin hak penyandang disabilitas, dimana salah satunya adalah hak berkomunikasi. Pada kasus disabilitas netra dan wicara, penyandang memiliki keterbatasan untuk berkomunikasi dengan normal. Salah satu arah penelitian yang sedang berkembang dalam bidang teknologi bantu adalah alat terhubung dengan internet. Oleh karena itu, pada penelitian ini dikembangkan sebuah alat bantu komunikasi dengan memanfaatkan simbol <em>Braille</em> yang terhubung internet menggunakan IMAP. Alat ini diharapkan dapat membantu komunikasi ant

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13

KONDO, Kazuyoshi, Joon-wan KIM, Shinichi YOKOTA, and Kazuya EDAMURA. "151 ECF micro actuators for a braille cell." Proceedings of Yamanashi District Conference 2014 (2014): 13–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeyamanashi.2014.13.

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14

Smithmaitrie, Pruittikorn, Jinda Kanjantoe, and Pichaya Tandayya. "Touching force response of the piezoelectric Braille cell." Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology 3, no. 6 (2008): 360–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17483100802281442.

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15

Yeh, Fung Huei, Huoy Shyi Tsay, and Chung Chieh Yang. "Computer Aided Optimal Design and Dynamic Analysis of Piezoelectric Braille Display Cell." Applied Mechanics and Materials 615 (August 2014): 309–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.615.309.

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In this paper, the optimum design and dynamic analysis of a new type of piezoelectric Braille display cell are studied by computer aided engineering software. At first, the design parameters of piezoelectric actuator are analyzed by finite element method to determine the position of fixed end and minimum voltage to actuate 0.7mm displacement and 15g output force. Then, the optimum design is performed according to the electric displacement 0.7mm, output force 15g, actuator length, position of fixed end and minimum voltage. Finally, Braille display cell is analyzed by dynamic simulation software

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16

Yeh, Fung Huei, Ching Lun Li, and Bing Ming Chen. "Application of Taguchi Method to the Optimal Parameters of Injection Molding for the Plastic Components of the Braille Display Cell." Advanced Materials Research 1052 (October 2014): 495–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1052.495.

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The paper studies the optimal parameters of injection molding to avoid the deformation, warping, short shot, and surface defects for the plastic components of Braille display cell. At first the Pro/Engineer parametric software is applied for the entity design and rendering. Then the Mold-Flow software is used for mold flow analysis on the influence of each injection parameters. The results show mold temperature, melt temperature, injection pressure, and filling time are the most influential factors on reducing component deformation. Besides, the L9 orthogonal array of Taguchi method is applied

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17

Wu, Xiaosong, Seong-Hyok Kim, Haihong Zhu, Chang-Hyeon Ji, and Mark G. Allen. "A Refreshable Braille Cell Based on Pneumatic Microbubble Actuators." Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems 21, no. 4 (2012): 908–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jmems.2012.2190043.

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18

Kuncoro, Jonet Sri, Eko Supendi, and Eko Supendi. "Penciptaan Tari Anak-anak Disabilitas Kami Tak Berbeda." Acintya Jurnal Penelitian Seni Budaya 12, no. 1 (2020): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.33153/acy.v12i1.3148.

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ABSTRACT The dance work entitled "Kami Tak Berbeda” (We Are Not Different) is a dance work specifically for children with disabilities. This work is a development of previous works made by Jonet Sri Kuncoro. In this work combines deaf children, the blind, and physically disabled. This work is supported by three extraordinary schools in Solo Raya, namely SLB Cangakan Karanganyar and SLB B-C Hamong Putro Sukoharjo. This work was created with the approach of developing a pattern of six arising dots cell consisting of three rows with two dots on Braille letters made of 4/4 measure and sign languag

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19

Ghosh, Moumita, Subham Ghosh, Manish Mukhopadhyay, and Biswarup Neogi. "On the Formulation and Functioning of a Micro Haptics Actuator Based Unit Braille Display Cell." Micro and Nanosystems 12, no. 3 (2020): 209–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1876402912666200129151943.

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: The article focusses on the working principle of devising a display board and introduction to a working model of a single unit of a novel prototype of a computer display board for blind people. Objective: The developed prototype is aimed at converting a conventional computer screen to a braille screen based tactile display board. The arrangement will enable the blind people to accesses soft data as a converted braille language text. In addition, the position of the write-up will also be recognizable by the blind. Methods: The system employs six number of micro linear actuators providing hapt

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20

Gu, W., X. Zhu, N. Futai, B. S. Cho, and S. Takayama. "Computerized microfluidic cell culture using elastomeric channels and Braille displays." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 101, no. 45 (2004): 15861–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0404353101.

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21

Murthy, Vishwanath Venkatesh, and M. Hanumanthappa. "Efficient Braille cell segmentation by Enhancing the dots using Sobel operator." International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research 9, no. 6 (2018): 781–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.14299/ijser.2018.06.04.

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22

Kamotani, Yoko, Tommaso Bersano-Begey, Nobuhiro Kato, et al. "Individually programmable cell stretching microwell arrays actuated by a Braille display." Biomaterials 29, no. 17 (2008): 2646–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2008.02.019.

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23

Lisovoi, V. I., and A. S. Alpatova. "ON THE SPECIFICITY OF FIXING EDUCATIONAL MATERIAL IN MUSICAL-THEORETICAL DISCIPLINES BY BLIND STUDENTS." Arts education and science 2, no. 31 (2022): 164–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/hon.202202021.

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The article touches upon the problem of the specifics of teaching blind students in a music university. Its integral part is the issue of fixing educational material on the musical-theoretical disciplines "Elementary Music Theory", "Solfeggio", "Harmony", "Analysis of Musical Works", "Polyphony". Memorizing the exercises by heart with subsequent playing on the piano, and writing down the musical text in Braille represent the two main ways of such fixation (the third one requires mastering computer programmes). Particular attention is paid to the difficulties of written fixation in Harmony. Stu

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Horațiu Sîrbu, Vlad, and Daniela Mariana Barbu. "Device for persons with low vision." MATEC Web of Conferences 184 (2018): 02008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201818402008.

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As defined by http://www.lowvision.org, “low vision is a bilateral impairment to vision that significantly impairs the functioning of the patient and cannot be adequately corrected with medical, surgical, therapy, conventional eyewear or contact lenses”. The device is a keyboard that can be connected to any computer, phone or tablet via cable or Bluetooth. The keyboard will have eight buttons, two of them are predefined, and the other 6 form the Braille language cell.

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Wasielica-Poslednik, Joanna, Alexander K. Schuster, Lilian Rauch, et al. "How to Avoid an Upside-Down Orientation of the Graft during Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty?" Journal of Ophthalmology 2019 (August 4, 2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/7813482.

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Purpose. Incorrect anterior-posterior orientation of the Descemet endothelial complex (DEC) is one of the causes of failure of Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK). We evaluated a new marking technique to avoid such a misorientation. Method. A new marking technique of the DEC was evaluated in patients requiring primary DMEK. A Braille-“R”-letter was applied dot by dot onto the stromal surface of the DEC after lifting it by injecting an air-bubble into the interface between the endothelial surface of the partially stripped graft. The positioning of the graft was intraoperatively co

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Bettelani, Gemma Carolina, Giuseppe Averta, Manuel Giuseppe Catalano, Barbara Leporini, and Matteo Bianchi. "Design and Validation of the Readable Device: A Single-Cell Electromagnetic Refreshable Braille Display." IEEE Transactions on Haptics 13, no. 1 (2020): 239–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/toh.2020.2970929.

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27

Chrzanowski, Wojciech, Jae Ho Lee, Alexey Kondyurin, et al. "Nano-Bio-Chemical Braille for Cells: The Regulation of Stem Cell Responses using Bi-Functional Surfaces." Advanced Functional Materials 25, no. 2 (2014): 193–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201401696.

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Darden, M. A., and C. J. Schwartz. "Skin tribology phenomena associated with reading braille print: The influence of cell patterns and skin behavior on coefficient of friction." Wear 332-333 (May 2015): 734–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2014.12.053.

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Chrzanowski, Wojciech, Jae Ho Lee, Alexey Kondyurin, et al. "Biointerfaces: Nano-Bio-Chemical Braille for Cells: The Regulation of Stem Cell Responses using Bi-Functional Surfaces (Adv. Funct. Mater. 2/2015)." Advanced Functional Materials 25, no. 2 (2015): 339. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201570014.

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Mhami, Purva Kamath, Indu V, Ashika G, Nayana G, and Vizaya Dipika R. H. "Braille to Text Conversion Using Computer Vision." Perspectives in Communication, Embedded-systems and Signal-processing - PiCES 6, no. 2 (2022): 7–9. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544061.

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The braille system is used by the visually imparied to read and write. Assistive braille technology has exsited for many years to aid the blind in performing common tactile converters that help the blind to read text-based literature. On the other contrary, research conducted on a braille to text conversion is very limited. Such technologies help normal people to understand the braille literature, thus providing them their undue credits with this as an aim, the objective of the project would be to develop braille to text converter by applying the concepts of computer vision and image processin

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Dellagnelo Torres, Heloise, and Alejandro Rafael Garcia Ramirez. "Projeto de uma Cela Braille de baixo custo." Revista Educação, Psicologia e Interfaces 3, no. 4 (2019): 135–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.37444/issn-2594-5343.v3i4.189.

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O artigo tem como objetivo projetar uma única Cela Braille que proporcione a acessibilidade a leitura para pessoas com deficiência visual, tendo como premissa o baixo custo para permitir o acesso do dispositivo para pessoas de diversas classes sociais. Este produto permite o uso tanto por usuários que estão no processo de aprendizado do código Braille, como por leitores que já possuem esta alfabetização. O dispositivo pode ser utilizado em casa, na escola e em qualquer local que disponha de um computador com porta USB. O embasamento técnico científico foi tido por meio de trabalhos precedentes

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Bao, Jun, Britto Nathan, Che-Chang Hsu, Yuan Zhang, Rosemary Wu, and Jang-Yen Wu. "Role of protein phosphorylation in regulation of brainL-glutamate decarboxylase activity." Journal of Biomedical Science 1, no. 4 (1994): 237–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02253308.

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Pierce, Andrew J., Phillip M. Brailey, Sophie Archer, et al. "Abstract 5302: CB699: A novel mesothelin-binding Humabody® CD40 and CD137 dual-agonist for enhancing immune cell responses against MSLN+ tumors." Cancer Research 84, no. 6_Supplement (2024): 5302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2024-5302.

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Abstract INTRODUCTION: CD137 is a TNF receptor superfamily (TNFRSF9) costimulatory receptor expressed by T cells and NK cells. Clustering-mediated CD137 signaling enhances immune cell survival, proliferation, cytokine production and memory formation. CD40 (previously TNFRSF5) is a related superfamily member expressed primarily on B cells and antigen-presenting cells (APCs) which upon clustering is also a key modulator of T cell responses. Mesothelin (MSLN) is highly upregulated on tumor cells in ovarian and pancreatic cancer and select other solid tumour histologies. To avoid systemic toxicity

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Pierce, Andrew J., Phillip M. Brailey, Clare Song, Sophie Archer, Phillip D. Bartlett, and Philip Bland-Ward. "Abstract 2877: CB307: A novel selective CD137 agonist for enhancement of immune cell responses to PSMA+ tumors." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (2022): 2877. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-2877.

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Abstract Introduction: CD137 (HGNC:TNFRSF9, 4-1BB) is a TNF receptor superfamily costimulatory receptor expressed by T cells and NK cells. Upon engagement, CD137 enhances immune cell survival, proliferation, cytokine production, and memory formation. As such, CD137 agonists have demonstrated promising pre-clinical anti-tumor effects, however their clinical utility has been limited due to dose-limiting hepatic toxicity. PSMA is highly upregulated on tumor cells and tumor neovasculature in prostate cancer and other solid tumors, including lung (NSCLC), kidney (clear cell RCC), bladder and colore

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Pierce, Andrew J., Phillip M. Brailey, Sophie Archer, et al. "Abstract 1807: CB307: a novel targeted CD137 agonist for enhancement of immune cell responses to PSMA+ tumors." Cancer Research 83, no. 7_Supplement (2023): 1807. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-1807.

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Abstract Introduction: CD137 (HGNC:TNFRSF9, 4-1BB) is a TNF receptor superfamily costimulatory receptor expressed by T cells and NK cells. Upon engagement, CD137 enhances immune cell survival, proliferation, cytokine production and memory formation. CD137 agonists in the clinic have shown tantalizing anti-tumor effects, however, hepatic toxicity has hampered clinical utility. To circumvent this limitation, we developed CB307, a half-life extended heavy-chain only Humabody® that selectively agonizes CD137 only in the presence of prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA, HGNC:FOLH1). PSMA is hig

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Folefack, Denis Pompidou, and Abdoulay Nsangou Njankouo. "Commerce alimentaire de proximité dans les rues de la ville de Douala: cas de la banane plantain mûre braisée vendue par les femmes." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 16, no. 2 (2022): 753–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v16i2.20.

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Cette étude analyse les logiques commerciales des femmes vendant la banane plantain mûre braisée dans de la ville de Douala. Des enquêtes structurées ont été réalisées auprès de 80 vendeurs. Des résultats montrent que l’activité est exercée par les femmes, dont l’âge moyen est 46 ans. Ces femmes sont mariées dans la majorité, ont un niveau d’instruction d’au moins le primaire. Dans les marchés, les femmes braisent plus le plantain demi mûr, soit près de 76%, contre seulement 21% de plantain mûr et enfin 10% de plantain non mûr. L’activité étant informelle les femmes vendent à 91% en bordure de

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Archer, Sophie, Phillip M. Brailey, Minjung Song, et al. "Abstract 5313: CB307: A dual targeting costimulatory Humabody® VH therapeutic for treating PSMA-positive tumors." Cancer Research 84, no. 6_Supplement (2024): 5313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2024-5313.

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Abstract INTRODUCTION: CD137 is a T and NK cell costimulatory receptor involved in consolidating immunological responses. The potent CD137 agonist urelumab has shown clinical promise as a cancer immunotherapeutic but development has been hampered by on-target off-tumour toxicities. A CD137 agonist targeted to the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), frequently and highly expressed on castration-resistant metastatic prostate cancer (mCRPC) tumour cells, could bring effective immunotherapy to this immunologically challenging to address disease. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES: We designed and manu

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Martin, Leenus, Roopal Patel, Jingchuan Zhang, et al. "Abstract 2670: ERAS-601, a potent allosteric inhibitor of SHP2, synergistically enhances the efficacy of sotorasib/adagrasib and cetuximab in NSCLC, CRC, and HNSCC tumor models." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (2022): 2670. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-2670.

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Abstract ERAS-601 is a potent, small molecule allosteric inhibitor of wildtype SHP2, a non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) encoded by the PTPN11 gene. ERAS-601 inhibits wild type SHP2 biochemically with an IC50 of 4.6 nM and demonstrates selectivity across panels of 300 kinases and 12 phosphatases. SHP2 mediates upstream receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) signaling via its phosphatase-mediated regulation of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs). ERAS-601 inhibits the SHP2 dependent cycling of KRAS from the inactive GDP-bound state to the active GTP-bound state and demonstrates ant

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Haitota, Mathew, Chirimbana Moses, and Haimbangu Malakia. "An Assessment of ICT Support for Students Living with Disabilities at the University of Namibia." International Journal on Integrating Technology in Education 10, no. 4 (2021): 65–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/ijite.2021.10406.

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The purpose of the study was to assess the ICT support for the students living with disabilities at The University of Namibia. A qualitative methodology was used through the use of an in-depth face to face in interview which was administered to 12 participants who were lectures and disabled students from the University of Namibia disability Unity. The participants in the study were selected through the use of the purposeful strategy. The study findings unveiled that PCs cell phones and internet, software programmes, projectors and white boards, classroom televisions and radios downloaded app v

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Martin, Leenus, Roopal Patel, Jingchuan Zhang, et al. "Abstract 2671: ERAS-601, a potent allosteric inhibitor of SHP2, demonstrates anti-tumor activity in RAS/MAPK-driven tumor models." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (2022): 2671. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-2671.

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Abstract SHP2 is a non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) encoded by the PTPN11 gene. SHP2 transduces upstream receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) signaling to the RAS/MAPK pathway via its phosphatase-mediated regulation of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs). The modulation of GEF activity impacts the rate at which KRAS cycles from the inactive GDP-bound state to the active GTP-bound state. ERAS-601 is a potent, selective small molecule allosteric inhibitor of SHP2. ERAS-601 potently inhibits the wild type SHP2 protein with a biochemical IC50 of 4.6 nM. ERAS-601 is a selective SHP2

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Martin, Leenus, Erin D. Lew, Roopal Patel, et al. "Abstract 2669: ERAS-007 (ERK inhibitor) + ERAS-601 (SHP2 inhibitor) exhibit nonclinical combination activity across KRAS mutated NSCLC, CRC, and PDAC tumor models." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (2022): 2669. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-2669.

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Abstract KRAS mutations occur in about 25% of all cancers and promote oncogenesis via constitutive activation of the RAS/MAPK pathway. Targeting KRAS mutant tumors by inhibiting individual nodes in the RAS/MAPK pathway, including SHP2, SOS1, KRAS, RAF, MEK, and ERK, has shown early clinical activity, but the rapid emergence of resistance limits the benefit of monotherapy. Resistance is often mediated by reactivation of RAS/MAPK pathway signaling, which can occur by increased activation of upstream of the RAS/MAPK pathway (e.g., EGFR activation) and/or activation of RAS/MAPK pathway nodes (e.g.

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McKean, Meredith, Ezra Rosen, Minal Barve, et al. "Abstract CT184: Preliminary dose escalation results of ERAS-601 in combination with cetuximab in FLAGSHP-1: a phase I study of ERAS-601, a potent and selective SHP2 inhibitor, in patients with previously treated advanced or metastatic solid tumors." Cancer Research 83, no. 8_Supplement (2023): CT184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-ct184.

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Abstract Background: SHP2 is an oncogenic tyrosine phosphatase that transduces receptor tyrosine kinase signaling to the RAS/MAPK pathway via its phosphatase-mediated regulation of guanine nucleotide exchange factors. ERAS-601 is a potent, selective, and orally bioavailable allosteric inhibitor of SHP2. In combination with cetuximab, an antibody that targets epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), ERAS-601 has demonstrated robust nonclinical activity in human papillomavirus (HPV)-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and RAS/RAF wild-type colorectal cancer (CRC) tumors. Metho

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Morrison, Diana P., Andre F. Joubert, Dave Swingler, et al. "Psychopharmacology 2003 Conference, 10-13 September 2003." South African Journal of Psychiatry 9, no. 2 (2003): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v9i2.136.

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List of abstracts and authors:1. Comparative benefits of Atypical antipsychoticsDiana P Morrison2. Evidence-based management of depression in SchizophreniaAndre F Joubert3. Second generation Antipsychotics: An African updateDave Swingler4. The drug management of patients with HIV/Aids in the Mental Health Care setting: A therapeutic challengeDenise White5. New developments in the treatment of Bipolar depressionJospeh R Calabrese6. Dual action antidepressants: Faster onset, more remission, better value?Roger M Pinder7. Antisocial personality disorder: A reviewDonald W Black8. The South African

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Melad, Hany, ASHRAF KHALAF, Aziza Hussein, and Salama Gerges M. "Braille code classifications tool based on computer vision for visual impaired." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 14, no. 6 (2024). https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v14i6.pp6992-7000.

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Blind and visually impaired people (VIP) face many challenges in writing as they usually use traditional tools such as Slate and Stylus or expensive typewriters as Perkins Brailler, often causing accessibility and affordability issues. This article introduces a novel portable, cost-effective device that helps VIP how to write by utilizing a deep-learning model to detect a Braille cell. Using deep learning instead of electrical circuits can reduce costs and enable a mobile app to act as a virtual teacher for blind users. The app could suggest sentences for the user to write and check their work

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Liu, Yun-Fei, Brenda Rapp, and Marina Bedny. "Reading Braille by Touch Recruits Posterior Parietal Cortex." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, August 17, 2023, 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_02041.

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Abstract Blind readers use a tactile reading system consisting of raised dot arrays: braille/⠃⠗⠇. How do human brains implement reading by touch? The current study looked for signatures of reading-specific orthographic processes in braille, separate from low-level somatosensory responses and semantic processes. Of specific interest were responses in posterior parietal cortices (PPCs), because of their role in high-level tactile perception. Congenitally blind, proficient braille readers read real words and pseudowords by touch while undergoing fMRI. We leveraged the system of contractions in En

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"N-Gram Language Model to Predict the Word Sequence in a Degraded Braille Document." International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering 9, no. 4 (2020): 1442–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.d1486.029420.

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This paper presents a feature extraction method for optical Braille recognition (OBR) system to locate, extract and convert the Braille cells in one sided Indian language Braille documents. The Braille cells are located by implementing a gridbox designed using physical properties of a Braille cell. A Braille document image is a compilation of group of six dots. The physical position of each dot and its relevance with other neighboring dots in a single cell gives various Braille characters. After the grid-box is mapped with the Braille cells in the document, the mesh characters are extracted an

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"'Braille code' for cell growth." Nature 478, no. 7367 (2011): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/478009b.

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Chetan, Ashok Malik, Santosh Bhoir Kaushik, Balasaheb More Mayuresh, and Dr.K.T.Patil. "VOCALBRAILLE: INOVATIVE SPEECH DRIVEN BRAILLE DISPLAY." June 7, 2025. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15341505.

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Visually impaired individuals face significant challenges in accessing printed information and learning Braille, which remains a vital tool for literacy and communication. This project presents Vocal Braille, an innovative, low-cost, and speech-driven Braille display system that bridges this accessibility gap by integrating text-to-Braille, speech-to-Braille, and image-to-speech functionalities. The system employs a solenoid-actuated Braille cell array controlled via an Arduino microcontroller to physically render Braille characters in real-time. Users can input data through typed text, voice

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Mr., Arun Kumar K., Kanimozhi V. Mrs., and G. Shruthi. "AN EFFECTIVE APPROACH OF ENGLISH BRAILLE TO TEXT CONVERSION FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED USING MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUE." May 7, 2023. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7903877.

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Machine learning is a burgeoning technology where the machine learns from the historical data. Predictions are made using a variety of algorithms based on past data. Braille is a fundamental system of raised dots that enables the visually challenged and impaired (VI) to write and read by touch. In the digital age, the VI are facing great challenges in accessing digital content, integrating speech ware as output will assist them in gaining more knowledge. The existing papers, uses SVM classifier, Braille script, keypad and microphone as input and the relevant English alphabets are produced as o

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Mendoza, Debbie. "Visual spatial learning disabilities and braille instruction." British Journal of Visual Impairment, September 16, 2022, 026461962211244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02646196221124422.

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Braille reading consists of three basic components: tactile sensitivity, memorization of dot placement, and positional perception or detection of the location of the dots within the braille cell. Difficulty in any of those three areas leads to trouble decoding words. The presence of a visual spatial learning disability greatly decreases a student’s ability to determine positional perception. Multi-sensory reading strategies have proven effective for sighted readers who have learning disabilities. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of multi-sensory strategies when used

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