Academic literature on the topic 'Brain Cognitive function'

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Journal articles on the topic "Brain Cognitive function"

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Thaut, Michael H. "Neurologic Music Therapy in Cognitive Rehabilitation." Music Perception 27, no. 4 (2010): 281–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/mp.2010.27.4.281.

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NEUROLOGIC MUSIC THERAPY LAST CAME INTO research and clinical focus via cognitive rehabilitation. New imaging techniques studying higher cognitive functions in the human brain 'in vivo' and theoretical advancements in music and brain function have facilitated this development. There are shared cognitive and perceptual mechanisms and shared neural systems between musical cognition and parallel nonmusical cognitive functions that provide access for music to affect general nonmusical functions, such as memory, attention, and executive function. The emerging clinical literature shows substantial support for these effects in rehabilitative retraining of the injured brain. Key findings relevant for clinical applications of neurologic music therapy to cognitive rehabilitation are presented and discussed below.
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Darvesh, Sultan, Chris MacKnight, and Kenneth Rockwood. "Butyrylcholinesterase and Cognitive Function." International Psychogeriatrics 13, no. 4 (2001): 461–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610201007876.

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Butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) is expressed in brain structures involved in cognition, but the effect of selective BuChE inhibitors on human cognitive function is unknown. We report a patient whose cognitive function deteriorated following a reduction and improved following reinstitution of ethopropazine, a selective BuChE inhibitor. We suggest that, because neurons expressing BuChE may be involved in cognition, there is merit to further evaluation of selective BuChE inhibitors in treating cognitive dysfunction.
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O’Shanick, Gregory J. "Cognitive Function after Brain Injury1." NeuroRehabilitation 1, no. 1 (1991): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/nre-1991-1108.

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Schneider, Julie A. "Brain Microbleeds and Cognitive Function." Stroke 38, no. 6 (2007): 1730–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/strokeaha.107.487173.

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ZOLER, MITCHEL L. "Cognitive Function, Brain Hormone Linked." Caring for the Ages 11, no. 5 (2010): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1526-4114(10)60114-x.

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Scisciola, Lucia, Rosaria Anna Fontanella, Surina, Vittoria Cataldo, Giuseppe Paolisso, and Michelangela Barbieri. "Sarcopenia and Cognitive Function: Role of Myokines in Muscle Brain Cross-Talk." Life 11, no. 2 (2021): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life11020173.

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Sarcopenia is a geriatric syndrome characterized by the progressive degeneration of muscle mass and function, and it is associated with severe complications, which are falls, functional decline, frailty, and mortality. Sarcopenia is associated with cognitive impairment, defined as a decline in one or more cognitive domains as language, memory, reasoning, social cognition, planning, making decisions, and solving problems. Although the exact mechanism relating to sarcopenia and cognitive function has not yet been defined, several studies have shown that skeletal muscle produces and secrete molecules, called myokines, that regulate brain functions, including mood, learning, locomotor activity, and neuronal injury protection, showing the existence of muscle-brain cross-talk. Moreover, studies conducted on physical exercise supported the existence of muscle-brain cross-talk, showing how physical activity, changing myokines' circulating levels, exerts beneficial effects on the brain. The review mainly focuses on describing the role of myokines on brain function and their involvement in cognitive impairment in sarcopenia.
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Bahrudin, Mochamad, Adni Pratiwi, Anang Bayu Seta, and Risma Karlina Prabawati. "The Effect of Brain Training Game activities on Improvement of Cognitive Function measured by Montreal Cognitive Assesment Indonesia version (MoCA-Ina)." Saintika Medika 18, no. 1 (2022): 80–91. https://doi.org/10.22219/sm.vol18.smumm1.21569.

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The function of cognition in young adults (around the age of 20 years) mostly does not develop to its peak, even though at that age a person needs better cognitive abilities to deal with the lectures. Brain training game activities by playing games through the NeuronationTM application can improve cognitive function. To determine the effect of Brain training activities on improvement of cognitive function. Experimental study with two group pre and post design. 74 Sample were medical students of Faculty of Medicine, University of Muhammadiyah Malang class of 2017-2018, divided into control and treatment groups of 37 samples each. The treatment group was given by game brain game training 30 minutes a day, 20 times in 4 weeks.. Cognitive function was measured by the MoCA-Ina test in the control group and pre and post test. The hypothesis test used the pairet samples test. Cognitive function of pre and post test of the control group good cognitive function increased 2.69% and cognitive function of pre and post test of treatment group increased 58.8% with the result of pairet sample analysis of significant p = 0,000 which means that in the control group there was a tendency for increased function cognition after treatment (post test) but the improvement was not significant. In the treatment group with brain training activities cognitive function increased sharply and statistically significant, Brain training activities affect the improvement of cognitive function.
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Spreng, R. Nathan, and Gary R. Turner. "The Shifting Architecture of Cognition and Brain Function in Older Adulthood." Perspectives on Psychological Science 14, no. 4 (2019): 523–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1745691619827511.

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Cognitive aging is often described in the context of loss or decline. Emerging research suggests that the story is more complex, with older adults showing both losses and gains in cognitive ability. With increasing age, declines in controlled, or fluid, cognition occur in the context of gains in crystallized knowledge of oneself and the world. This inversion in cognitive capacities, from greater reliance on fluid abilities in young adulthood to increasingly crystallized or semanticized cognition in older adulthood, has profound implications for cognitive and real-world functioning in later life. The shift in cognitive architecture parallels changes in the functional network architecture of the brain. Observations of greater functional connectivity between lateral prefrontal brain regions, implicated in cognitive control, and the default network, implicated in memory and semantic processing, led us to propose the default-executive coupling hypothesis of aging. In this review we provide evidence that these changes in the functional architecture of the brain serve as a neural mechanism underlying the shifting cognitive architecture from younger to older adulthood. We incorporate findings spanning cognitive aging and cognitive neuroscience to present an integrative model of cognitive and brain aging, describing its antecedents, determinants, and implications for real-world functioning.
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Barnes, Jill N. "Exercise, cognitive function, and aging." Advances in Physiology Education 39, no. 2 (2015): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/advan.00101.2014.

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Increasing the lifespan of a population is often a marker of a country's success. With the percentage of the population over 65 yr of age expanding, managing the health and independence of this population is an ongoing concern. Advancing age is associated with a decrease in cognitive function that ultimately affects quality of life. Understanding potential adverse effects of aging on brain blood flow and cognition may help to determine effective strategies to mitigate these effects on the population. Exercise may be one strategy to prevent or delay cognitive decline. This review describes how aging is associated with cardiovascular disease risks, vascular dysfunction, and increasing Alzheimer's disease pathology. It will also discuss the possible effects of aging on cerebral vascular physiology, cerebral perfusion, and brain atrophy rates. Clinically, these changes will present as reduced cognitive function, neurodegeneration, and the onset of dementia. Regular exercise has been shown to improve cognitive function, and we hypothesize that this occurs through beneficial adaptations in vascular physiology and improved neurovascular coupling. This review highlights the potential interactions and ideas of how the age-associated variables may affect cognition and may be moderated by regular exercise.
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Waldstein, Shari R. "The Relation of Hypertension to Cognitive Function." Current Directions in Psychological Science 12, no. 1 (2003): 9–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8721.01212.

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Hypertension is an established risk factor for stroke. However, prior to such a major clinical event, hypertension exerts a more subtle impact on the brain that is revealed by diminished cognitive function. Studies comparing the performance of people with high and normal blood pressure levels have shown that high blood pressure or hypertension is related to poorer performance on tests of attention, learning and memory, executive functions, visuospatial skills, psychomotor abilities, and perceptual skills. Hypertension is also predictive of cognitive decline. Variables that may alter (i.e., moderate) the relation of hypertension to cognitive function include age, education, several biological characteristics of hypertension, and the presence of concurrent diseases. Although hypertensives are not clinically impaired, their diminished levels of cognitive performance could affect their perceived quality of life. Various brain mechanisms may explain the relation of hypertension to lower levels of cognitive function. Further understanding of the relation between hypertension and cognition is critical to the preservation of cognitive function across the life span.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Brain Cognitive function"

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MacLullich, Alasdair Maurice Joseph. "Cognitive function, the brain and glucocorticoids." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/24879.

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Several domains of cognitive function show lower mean scores and increasing variability with increasing age. Little is known about the biological mechanisms underlying these changes. There is evidence, largely from animal studies, that prolonged exposure to high levels of glucocorticoids is associated with (a) atrophy of brain regions known to be essential for cognitive functioning, such as the hippocampus, and (b) decrements in cognitive function with ageing. There are few human studies examining these links. The studies in this thesis were aimed at testing the hypotheses that elevated levels in Cortisol are associated with relative cognitive impairment, with relative atrophy of the hippocampus and other brain regions, and also with variations in the levels of brain metabolites, and also that cognitive function is associated with brain size and metabolites. Additionally, measures of glucose homeostasis (fasting glucose and glycosylated haemoglobin (HbAlc)) were hypothesised to be negatively correlated with cognitive function. Ill healthy, unmedicated men aged 65-70 were recruited. Subjects had blood taken for 9am, 2.30pm, and post-dexamethasone (0.25mg) Cortisol levels, fasting glucose, and HbAlc, and did a battery of cognitive tests, including tests of 'premorbid' intelligence, fluid intelligence, verbal and visuospatial memory and processing speed. 100 of the subjects underwent two modalities of neuroimaging: (a) structural magnetic resonance imaging, with intracranial area, hippocampus, temporal lobe and frontal lobe volumes measured, and (b) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), with N-acetylaspartate (NAA), choline (Cho) and creatine (Cr) levels measured. Principal components analyses showed that a single component (designated the 'general cognitive factor') accounted for 51% of the variance in cognitive performance; rotation yielded two correlated components representing fluid intelligence/visuospatial memory tasks, and verbal memory tasks. Intracranial area and several regional brain volumes correlated positively and significantly with 'premorbid' and fluid intelligence and visuospatial memory. Verbal memory and verbal fluency did not correlate significantly with any brain volumes. Structural equation modelling showed that the relationships between cognitive tests and brain volumes could best be summarised by a significant positive relationship between overall brain size and the general cognitive factor (r=0.42, p < 0.05), and not by associations between individual tests and particular brain regions. Both NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr ratios correlated positively with tests of verbal memory and a verbal memory factor (e.g. NAA/Cr and Logical Memory: r=0.24, p < 0.05). Cho/Cr ratios also correlated positively with visuospatial memory (eg. Visual Reproduction: r=0.21, p < 0.05). There were several small but statistically significant correlations in the predicted (negative) direction between brain volumes and Cortisol levels. Left temporal lobe volumes correlated with 9am Cortisol (r=-0.22) and 2.30pm Cortisol (r=-0.26), right temporal lobe volumes correlated with 9am Cortisol (r=-0.21), right hippocampal volumes correlated with 9am Cortisol (r=-0.22) and postdexamethasone Cortisol (r=-0.24). These correlations were significant at p < 0.05, 2- tailed. There were no significant correlations between Cortisol measures and metabolite ratios (from MRS). Correlations between Cortisol measures and cognitive tests were largely in the predicted direction, though few of these correlations reached conventional levels of statistical significance. The general cognitive factor and the fluid/intelligence factor, adjusted for 'premorbid' intelligence, correlated significantly and negatively with 9am Cortisol levels, at r=-0.23 (p=0.028, 2-tailed). HbAlc was significantly negatively correlated with two measures of verbal memory, but not with other cognitive tests (list-learning: r=-0.24, p=0.01; delayed paragraph recall r=-0.31, p=0.018, 2-tailed). These results demonstrate that in healthy, elderly men, overall brain size and metabolite ratios are significantly related to cognitive ability. A possible mechanistic link between these two domains is variations in Cortisol with ageing. The results of the present studies are supportive of the hypothesis that elevated glucocorticoids are associated with ageing-related changes in brain volumes, and, less clearly, cognitive function. Follow-up studies will help determine whether Cortisol levels are predictive of worsening brain atrophy and cognitive decline.
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Kinnunen, K. M. "Traumatic brain injury : relationships between brain structural abnormalities and cognitive function." Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2011. http://research.gold.ac.uk/6498/.

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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of disability in young adults and a major public health problem. Persistent cognitive impairments are common, and constitute a significant source of long-term disability. The specific pathophysiological mechanisms underlying these impairments remain poorly understood. As it disconnects brain networks, white matter damage can be a key determinant of cognitive impairment after TBI. Neuroimaging and neuropsychological methods were employed to explore the relationships between indices of brain structure and cognitive function. The participants were 40 TBI patients and 40 healthy controls. First, relationships between focal lesions and cognitive performance were investigated using structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and a battery of neuropsychological tests. The results demonstrated that lesion location and load are not good indices of the cognitive deficits - probably because diffuse axonal injury is poorly assessed by standard MRI. By contrast, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) can be used to quantify the microstructure of white matter. A ‘whole-brain’ technique, tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS), was used to flexibly analyse the structure of white matter tracts. Despite only small amounts of focal damage observed using standard MRI, TBSS revealed widespread white matter abnormalities after TBI. White matter damage was found in patients with no evidence of focal damage, and in patients classified as ‘mild’ clinically. Relationships between white matter tract structure and specific cognitive functions were then explored. The structure of the fornix, an important white matter pathway of the hippocampus, correlated with verbal associative memory across the patient and control groups. By contrast, structure of frontal lobe connections showed distinct relationships with executive function in these two groups. The results emphasise the importance of white matter pathology after TBI and suggest that disruption to specific white matter tracts is associated with particular patterns of cognitive impairment, but also highlight the complexity of these relationships.
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Saygin, Zeynep Mevhibe. "Structure-function relationships in human brain development." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/77843.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, 2012.<br>This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.<br>Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis. Page 125 blank.<br>Includes bibliographical references.<br>The integration of anatomical, functional, and developmental approaches in cognitive neuroscience is essential for generating mechanistic explanations of brain function. In this thesis, I first establish a proof-of-principle that neuroanatomical connectivity, as measured with diffusion weighted imaging (DWI), can be used to calculate connectional fingerprints that are sufficient to delineate fine anatomical distinctions in the human brain (Chapter 2). Next, I describe the maturation of structural connectivity patterns by applying these connectional fingerprints to over a hundred participants ranging from five to thirty years of age, and show that these connectional patterns have different developmental trajectories (Chapter 3). I then illustrate how anatomical connections may shape (or in turn be shaped by) function and behavior, within the framework of reading ability and describe how white matter tract integrity may predict future acquisition of reading ability in children (Chapter 4). I conclude by summarizing how these experiments offer testable hypotheses of the maturation of structure and function. Studying the complex interplay between structure, function, and development will get us closer to understanding both the constraints present at birth, and the effect of experience, on the biological mechanisms underlying brain function.<br>by Zeynep Mevhibe Saygin.<br>Ph.D.
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Cheyne, Christopher Paul. "Multivariate modelling of cognitive function and brain structural data." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.569125.

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Previous studies have investigated links between cognitive ability and a number of factors including age, gender, handedness, musical ability as well as the volume and surface area of certain brain structures, However, in these studies either the explanatory variables are analysed independently of each other, or the investigation is based on a separate analysis for individual cognitive outcomes (e.g. language, visuospatial, etc.) The main objectives of this thesis are(1) to develop general multivariate models, which include mixed-effects terms, to account for the correlation in the data, (2) to explore the possible associations in children and adults between multiple cognitive ability test scores and the range of factors mentioned above by simultaneously applying the multivariate models designed in (1), and (3) to investigate the possible effects of missing data on the results. To meet these objectives, a range of statistical and stereological methods was employed: Multivariate linear and linear mixed models were developed and fitted to multiple datasets. The approach used took into account the correlation of clustered data, the correlation between outcomes as well as the association between explanatory variables and a linear combination of the outcomes. Stereological methods were used to estimate the volume and surface area of a region of the brain called Broca's area, using magnetic resonance images. Also, the latest formulae in error prediction for these stereological estimates were described and applied to the data. Results from the fitted multivariate linear mixed model to a dataset of l l-year old children (n= 1184 3) showed that children whose writing hand has less hand skill than the opposite hand performed worse, on average, in both reading and maths scores, than those children whose writing hand had more hand skill than the opposite hand. A multivariate linear model fitted to a dataset of adults (n=142) revealed that the gender difference found in the non-musician groups for the vocabulary and arithmetic scores was not present in the musician group. Multivariate linear models were subsequently fitted to a subset of this cohort containing volume and surface area estimates of Broca's area (n=39). Musicians were associated with Broca's area being less convoluted in the right hemisphere than non-musicians. Other associations investigated were not found to be statistically significant. Inverse probability weighting was then used to take the missing data into account for each of the analyses (aim (3)). The results and interpretations determined from the fitted multivariate models were consistent with the analyses when the missing data were accounted for. Only those results for the children dataset changed slightly, but not enough to alter the interpretations of the results. This adds weight to the belief that the results of the multivariate analyses gave a reasonably accurate description of the variability that exists within the children and adult datasets.
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Brolin, Erika. "Growth hormone in the brain : Focus on cognitive function." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för farmaceutisk biovetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-317305.

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Cognitive impairments are an increasing health problem worldwide. In the developed countries, the average life expectancy has dramatically increased over the last decades, and with an elderly population more cases of cognitive impairments appear. Age, genetics, and different medical conditions such as diabetes mellitus, and substance use disorders may all contribute to declined cognitive ability. Physiological functions also decrease with increasing age, as does the activity of the growth hormone (GH)/insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) axis. Interestingly, both GH and IGF-1 are recognized for their neuroprotective effects and cognitive enhancement. The overall aim of this thesis was to investigate the impact of the somatotrophic axis (i.e. GH/IGF-1 axis) in rodents with cognitive deficiencies induced by diabetes or long-term drug exposure. For the first time cognitive impairments were characterized in diabetic mice using a spatial learning and memory task called the Barnes maze (BM). In diabetic mice, impaired learning in the BM was associated with decreased expression of the GH receptor (GHR) in the frontal cortex, a region important for e.g. working memory. Treatment with GH reversed certain cognitive impairments seen in diabetic animals. In rats treated with gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB), a significant decrease of Igf1 mRNA expression in the frontal cortex was observed. This observation may explain the impaired cognitive function previously seen following GHB administration. Furthermore, rats exposed to chronic morphine delivered in mini-osmotic pumps displayed memory impairments in the Morris water maze (MWM), an effect that seems to be associated with the composition of the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor complex in the frontal cortex. In conclusion, the result strengthens the evidence for GH being a cognitive enhancer. Moreover, the result within this thesis identifies the frontal cortex as an important brain region, where gene expression related to the somatotrophic system is affected in rodents with cognitive impairments. The thesis especially emphasizes the importance of the local somatotrophic system in the brain with regard to cognitive function.
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Schwarb, Hillary. "Optimized cognitive training: investigating the limits of brain training on generalized cognitive function." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/47599.

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Since antiquity, philosophers, theologians, and scientists have been interested in human memory; however, researchers today are still working to understand the capabilities, boundaries, and architecture. While the storage capabilities of long-term memory are seemingly unlimited (Bahrick, 1984), working memory, or the ability to maintain and manipulate information held in memory, seems to have stringent capacity limits (e.g., Cowan, 2001). Individual differences, however, do exist and these differences can often predict performance on a wide variety of tasks (cf. Engle, 2001). Recently, researchers have promoted the enticing possibility that simple behavioral training can expand the limits of working memory which indeed may also lead to improvements on other cognitive processes as well (cf. Morrison&Chein, 2011). The current study investigated this possibility. Recommendations from the skill training literature (cf. Schneider, 1985) were incorporated to create optimized verbal and spatial working memory training tasks. Significant performance improvements were evident across eight days of cognitive training using verbal and spatial adaptive n-back procedures. Training-related improvements were also evident for some untrained measures of visual short-term memory, attentional control, and working memory. These training effects, however, were not universal. Other measures of visual short-term memory and attentional control, as well as measures of fluid intelligence were unaffected by training.
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Parker, Tonya Moreland. "Recovery of motor and cognitive function following concussion /." view abstract or download file of text, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1188883691&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=11238&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2006.<br>Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 113-119). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Breen, Mara E. "The identification and function of English prosodic features." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/40974.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, 2007.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 98-102).<br>This thesis contains three sets of studies designed to explore the identification and function of prosodic features in English. The first set of studies explores the identification of prosodic features using prosodic annotation. We compared inter-rater agreement for two current prosodic annotation schemes, ToBI (Silverman, et al., 1992) and RaP (Dilley & Brown, 2005) which provide guidelines for the identification of English prosodic features. The studies described here survey inter-rater agreement for both novice and expert raters in both systems, and for both spontaneous and read speech. The results indicate high agreement for both systems on binary classification, but only moderate agreement for categories with more than two levels. The second section explores an aspect of the function of prosody in determining the propositional content of a sentence by investigating the relationship between syntactic structure and intonational phrasing. The first study tests and refines a model designed to predict the intonational phrasing of a sentence given the syntactic structure. In further analysis, we demonstrate that specific acoustic cues-word duration and the presence of silence after a word, can give rise to the perception of intonational boundaries. The final set of experiments explores the relationship between prosody and information structure, and how this relationship is realized acoustically. In a series of four experiments, we manipulated the information status of elements of declarative sentences by varying the questions that preceded those sentences. We found that all of the acoustic features we tested-duration, f0, and intensity-were utilized by speakers to indicate the location of an accented element. However, speakers did not consistently indicate differences in information status type (wide focus, new information, contrastive information) with the acoustic features we investigated.<br>by Mara E. Breen.<br>Ph.D.
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Vernon, Amanda Ph D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Enhanced striatal glutamatergic function upon chronic antipsychotic action." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/132750.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, June, 2019<br>Cataloged from the PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 186-208).<br>Schizophrenia is a psychiatric disorder characterized by multiple clusters of symptoms including positive symptoms, such as hallucinations and delusions, negative symptoms, such as decreased motivation and flattened affect, and cognitive symptoms, such as memory impairment and impaired executive function. Currently available antipsychotics mitigate some symptoms of schizophrenia, particularly the positive symptoms, but there is no preventive treatment nor cure after schizophrenia develops. Efforts to generate more effective antipsychotics are made particularly challenging by the fact that the therapeutic effect of currently prescribed antipsychotics is not well understood and the cell type(s) and brain circuits crucial for beneficial effects have not been conclusively identified. Here we show that chronic antipsychotic administration enhances glutamatergic function in the ventral striatum through translational alterations and increased synaptic function. Cell type-specific mRNA profiling on spiny projection neurons (SPNs) of the direct (dSPNs) and indirect (iSPNs) pathways following chronic antipsychotic administration revealed cell type-specific molecular alterations indicating increases in components of the glutamatergic postsynaptic density. Subsequent functional experiments demonstrated the presence of calcium-permeable AMPARs and increased mEPSC frequency following chronic administration of one especially effective antipsychotic, clozapine. Furthermore, we find that striatal astrocytes also respond to chronic antipsychotic treatment with translational alterations promoting synaptogenesis. Together, these data have identified a core molecular signature of increased glutamatergic transmission in the striatum induced by chronic antipsychotic treatment. This work provides evidence that effective antipsychotics address a lack of glutamatergic drive into the striatum in cases of schizophrenia. Additionally, it suggests that drug development efforts seeking improved antipsychotics may benefit by finding compounds that feature an increased glutamatergic drive into the striatum as a core function.<br>by Amanda Vernon.<br>Ph. D.<br>Ph.D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences
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Clavenstam, Isabell. "The Effect of Methamphetamine Abuse on Brain Structure and Function." Thesis, University of Skövde, School of Humanities and Informatics, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-3106.

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<p>The great amount of METH abuse all over the world causes enormous social and criminal justice problems. In the human brain the abuse of METH causes implications on both structures and functions given rise to acute as well as long term symptoms. In this essay the effects of METH abuse is described in the manner of the drug mechanism such as the impact on neurotransmitters, structural deficits with decreased and increased volumes and the implication on attention, memory, decision  making and emotions. Results from studies showing brain structural and cognitive impairments in METH abusers and in prenatal METH exposed children.</p>
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Books on the topic "Brain Cognitive function"

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Basar, Erol. Brain function and oscillations [v. II]: Integrative brain function, neurophysiology and cognitive processes. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999.

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P, Witter Menno, and Wouterlood Floris G, eds. The Parahippocampal region: Organization and role in cognitive function. Oxford University Press, 2002.

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D, Levin Edward, Decker Michael W. 1951-, and Butcher Larry L, eds. Neurotransmitter interactions and cognitive function. Birkhäuser, 1992.

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Landini, Luigi. Multimodal approach to human brain function assessment. Edizioni PLUS-Pisa University Press, 2009.

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H, Broman Sarah, and Grafman Jordan, eds. Atypical cognitive deficits in developmental disorders: Implications for brain function. L. Erlbaum Associates, 1994.

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Gillen, Glen. Cognitive and perceptual rehabilitation: Optimizing function. Mosby/Elsevier, 2009.

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José, Hanson Stephen, and Olson Carl R, eds. Connectionist modeling and brain function: The developing interface. MIT Press, 1990.

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Toyota Conference (9th 1995 Shizuoka-shi, Japan). Brain and mind: For better understanding of the dynamic function of mind and its supporting brain mechanism. Elsevier, 1997.

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Bayles, Kathryn A. Improving function in dementia and other cognitive-linguistic disorders: Guide and resource book. Canyonlands Pub., 1997.

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International, School of Neuroscience (3rd 1991 Padua Italy). Proceedings of the course on neuropsychology: The neuronal basis of cognitive function. Thieme Medical Publishers, 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Brain Cognitive function"

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Willerman, Lee, Robert Schultz, J. N. Rutledge, and Erin D. Bigler. "Brain Structure and Cognitive Function." In Cognitive Assessment. Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9730-5_2.

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Hedges, Dawson, Thomas J. Farrer, Erin D. Bigler, and Ramona O. Hopkins. "Cognitive Function in Pulmonary Disease." In The Brain at Risk. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14260-5_17.

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Kalmijn, Sandra. "Dietary Fatty Acids and Cognitive Function." In Diet - Brain Connection. Springer US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1067-3_3.

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Taylor, Sandie, and Lance Workman. "Relationship between brain structure, function and cognitive modelling." In Cognitive Psychology. Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003014355-2.

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Mossello, Enrico, and Niccolò Marchionni. "Vascular Risk Factors and Cognitive Function." In Brain and Heart Dynamics. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28008-6_62.

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Mossello, Enrico, and Niccolò Marchionni. "Vascular Risk Factors and Cognitive Function." In Brain and Heart Dynamics. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90305-7_62-1.

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Giannopoulou, Panagiota. "Mobile Technology for Cognitive Training and Evaluation of People with Mild Cognitive Impairment." In Brain Function Assessment in Learning. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60735-7_20.

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Hsu, D. Frank, Bruce S. Kristal, and Christina Schweikert. "Rank-Score Characteristics (RSC) Function and Cognitive Diversity." In Brain Informatics. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15314-3_5.

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Saridakis, Ioannis, and Spyridon Doukakis. "Mathematical Problem Solving and Cognitive Enhancement." In Brain Function Assessment in Learning. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60735-7_21.

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Zăgrean, Ana-Maria, Bogdan Ianosi, Cosmin Sonea, Ioan Opris, and Leon Zăgrean. "Blood-Brain Barrier and Cognitive Function." In The Physics of the Mind and Brain Disorders. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29674-6_32.

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Conference papers on the topic "Brain Cognitive function"

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Marques, Maria Francisca, Marta Paz, and Tiago Ribeiro. "NEUROMYTHS AND COGNITIVE HEALTH: A STUDY WITH SENIOR CITIZENS." In 11th SWS International Scientific Conferences on SOCIAL SCIENCES - ISCSS 2024. SGEM WORLD SCIENCE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.35603/sws.iscss.2024/s08/61.

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Neuroscience has witnessed profound scientific and technological advancements over recent decades, transforming our understanding of the brain and leading to significant improvements in both diagnosing and treating neurological disorders. This field of knowledge is an exciting topic for researchers and health professionals, psychologists, educators, and even the general public. The rapid expansion and the complexities of neurosciences have also led to the emergence and spread of several neuromyths. These myths concern various misconceptions or unfounded beliefs arising from incorrect interpretations of neuroscience research and its application in educational settings or other areas. Healthy ageing and maintaining cognitive health are pivotal aspects of life quality in senior populations. As the importance of lifelong education is recognised worldwide, educational endeavours in the form of senior universities play a crucial role in supporting an active and engaged elderly community. This study investigates the prevalence of neuromyths among senior citizens enrolled at senior universities and analyses which attitudes they adopt to maintain their cognitive health. To achieve that purpose, a questionnaire was developed and administered to 64 senior citizens (n=64) enrolled in two senior universities from urban areas in the northern region of Portugal. The questionnaire covered prevalent neuromyths, such as the belief in using only 10% of the brain and other diet-related and cognitive function misconceptions. The results indicate the prevalence of some neuromyths in Portuguese senior citizens attending senior universities. Nevertheless, participants demonstrated some knowledge regarding practices that contribute to good cognitive health. These findings highlight the need for educational outreach and public engagement initiatives by neuroscientists, educators, or science communicators, which can help to demystify brain science and dispel popular neuromyths. By fostering a better understanding of how the brain actually works, we can ensure that the benefits of neuroscience advancements are more fully realised across society and empower individuals to make informed decisions about their cognitive health and well-being.
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Peng, Guinong, and Wai Yie Leong. "Brain Wave Response of Style Geometry in Artistic Creation in VR Environments: an Impact Study on Cognitive Function and Mental Health of Autistic Children." In 2024 IEEE 8th International Conference on Signal and Image Processing Applications (ICSIPA). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsipa62061.2024.10686974.

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Chen, Jiaqi, Richard Antonello, Kaavya Chaparala, Coen Arrow, and Nima Mesgarani. "Quantifying Semantic Functional Specialization in the Brain Using Encoding Models of Natural Language." In Proceedings of the Workshop on Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics. Association for Computational Linguistics, 2025. https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2025.cmcl-1.12.

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Antonia, Plerou, Bobori Catherine, and Vlamos Panayiotis. "Cognitive science: From molecular biology to brain function." In 2015 6th International Conference on Information, Intelligence, Systems and Applications (IISA). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iisa.2015.7388035.

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DE VRIES, P. H., and G. J. DALENOORT. "THE IMPLICATIONS OF BINDING FOR MODELS OF COGNITIVE BRAIN FUNCTION." In Proceedings of the Seventh Neural Computation and Psychology Workshop. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812777256_0002.

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Cholifah, Noor, Nur W. Ratna, and Yulis Trinowitawati. "The Effect of Brain Gymnastics on Cognitive Function of Elderly." In 1st Paris Van Java International Seminar on Health, Economics, Social Science and Humanities (PVJ-ISHESSH 2020). Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210304.139.

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Gürel, Duygu Benzer, and Özlem Çağındı. "The Effect of Functional Foods on Mood, Cognitive Function and Well-Being." In 6th International Students Science Congress. Izmir International Guest Student Association, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52460/issc.2022.023.

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The concept of food as medicine is not new. The use of foods to prevent and/or treat certain diseases can be found in ancient drawings and writings. The most famous statement came from Hippocrates, who said “Let food be thy medicine.” It is the position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics to recognize that although all foods provide some level of physiological function, the term, “functional foods” is defined as whole foods along with fortified, enriched, or enhanced foods that have a potentially beneficial effect on health when consumed as part of a varied diet regularly at effective levels based on significant standards of evidence. The most prominent results indicated that high total intake of fruits and vegetables, and some of their specific subgroups including berries, citrus, and green leafy vegetables, may promote higher levels of optimism and self-efficacy, as well as reduce the level of psychological distress, ambiguity, and cancer fatalism, and protect against depressive symptoms. Flavonoids are a class of organic polyphenolic compounds found in varying concentrations in plant-based whole foods such as berries, tea, cocoa, soybeans, and grains. Recent studies suggest that flavonoids can be beneficial to both cognitive and physiological health. As such, long term chronic supplementation with flavonoids has been investigated extensively, particularly concerning cognitive ageing and related neurodegenerative disorders. Less attention has been given to the acute effect of flavonoids on cognitive outcomes, within the immediate 0–6 h post ingestion. Therefore, the general recommendation to consume at least 5 portions of fruit and vegetables a day may be beneficial also for mental health. Immediate cognitive enhancement is often desirable in academic and work environments, such as during an exam or assessment. Besides, support a positive role for the nutrients EPA, DHA, magnesium, alpha-tocopherol, and folic acid, either alone or in combination with drugs, in the preservation of normal brain function and mental well-being. In this study, the effects of consumption of some functions on mood, cognitive function and mental health were investigated. Scientific findings support the combination of micro and macronutrients in a balanced and varied diet along with a healthy lifestyle for the maintenance of normal brain function, improvement of mental abilities, concentration, memory and alertness. Food components actively participate in the generation of nerve impulses by influencing neurotransmitters that activate different parts of the brain, thereby regulating our mental abilities, emotions and mood.
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GOREA, Svetlana, and Lucia SPOIALĂ. "Healthy mind, active brain." In "Valorificarea neuroştiinţelor în dezvoltarea personală", conferinţă ştiinţifică internaţională. Ion Creangă Pedagogical State University, 2024. https://doi.org/10.46727/c.7-8-11-2024.p124-134.

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This article examines the intersection of neuroscience and personal development, emphasizing how contemporary insights into brain function can enhance mental health and overall well-being. Advances in neuroscience, particularly in the areas of neuroplasticity, stress regulation, and cognitive optimization, offer actionable strategies for fostering a balanced and fulfilling lifestyle. Evidence-based practices such as meditation, physical exercise, and emotional regulation are explored, demonstrating their efficacy in promoting a healthy mind. The discussion highlights the integration of neuroeducation techniques into daily routines, aiming to enhance cognitive clarity, creativity, and resilience in overcoming challenges. The article underscores the critical role of an active and well-functioning brain in achieving holistic personal development, offering neuroscience-based approaches to improve mental and emotional health.
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Kotani, Hiroko, Masako Sugai, Kasumi Kuramoto, Misa Kato, Maka Matsuno, and Hidenori Nakagawa. "Application of Simple Game to Rapid Measurement of Cognitive Function in Maternal Brain." In 2019 IEEE 7th International Conference on Serious Games and Applications for Health (SeGAH). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/segah.2019.8882451.

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Nick, Teresa, Laura Berman, and Arye Barnehama. "Personalized neuroscience: User modeling of cognitive function and brain activity in the cloud." In 10th EAI International Conference on Body Area Networks. ICST, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.28-9-2015.2261443.

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Reports on the topic "Brain Cognitive function"

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Rauch, Scott L., William D. Killgore, and Sophie DelDonno. Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Effects on Depressive Cognitive and Brain Function. Defense Technical Information Center, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada575378.

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Rauch, Scott L., William D. Killgore, and Elizabeth Olson. Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Effects on Depressive Cognitions and Brain Function. Defense Technical Information Center, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada599071.

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Long, Cong, XUke Han, Yunjiao Yang, Tongyi Li, Qian Zhou, and Qiu Chen. Efficacy of Intranasal Insulin in Improving Cognition in Mild Cognitive Impairment or Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.8.0054.

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Review question / Objective: How does the efficacy of Intranasal Insulin in improving Cognition in Mild Cognitive Impairment or Dementia. Condition being studied: Insulin regulates many aspects of brain function related to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia, which can be delivered to the brain center via intranasal (IN) devices. Some small, single-site studies indicated that intranasal insulin can enhance memory in patients with MCI or dementia. The pathophysiology of Alzheimer disease (AD) and diabetes mellitus (DM) overlap, making insulin an attractive therapy for people suffering from MCI or dementia. The goal of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of IN insulin on cognition in patients with MCI or dementia.
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Drummond, Sean P. The Effects of Total Sleep Deprivation and Recovery Sleep on Cognitive Performance and Brain Function. Defense Technical Information Center, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada435504.

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Gillin, J. C., Sean P. Drummond, and Gregory Brown. The Effects of Total Sleep Deprivation and Recovery Sleep on Cognitive Performance and Brain Function. Defense Technical Information Center, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada420120.

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Pasupuleti, Murali Krishna. Quantum Cognition: Modeling Decision-Making with Quantum Theory. National Education Services, 2025. https://doi.org/10.62311/nesx/rrvi225.

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Abstract Quantum cognition applies quantum probability theory and mathematical principles from quantum mechanics to model human decision-making, reasoning, and cognitive processes beyond the constraints of classical probability models. Traditional decision theories, such as expected utility theory and Bayesian inference, struggle to explain context-dependent reasoning, preference reversals, order effects, and cognitive biases observed in human behavior. By incorporating superposition, interference, and entanglement, quantum cognitive models offer a probabilistic framework that better accounts for uncertainty, ambiguity, and adaptive decision-making in complex environments. This research explores the foundations of quantum cognition, its empirical validation in behavioral experiments and neuroscience, and its applications in artificial intelligence (AI), behavioral economics, and decision sciences. Additionally, it examines how quantum-inspired AI models enhance predictive analytics, machine learning algorithms, and human-computer interaction. The study also addresses challenges related to mathematical complexity, cognitive interpretation, and the potential link between quantum mechanics and brain function, providing a comprehensive framework for the integration of quantum cognition into decision science and AI-driven cognitive computing. Keywords Quantum cognition, quantum probability, decision-making models, cognitive science, superposition in cognition, interference effects, entanglement in decision-making, probabilistic reasoning, preference reversals, cognitive biases, order effects, quantum-inspired AI, behavioral economics, neural quantum theory, artificial intelligence, cognitive neuroscience, human-computer interaction, quantum probability in psychology, quantum decision theory, uncertainty modeling, predictive analytics, quantum computing in cognition.
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Drummond, Sean P. The Effect of Total Sleep Deprivation and Recovery Sleep on Cognitive on Performance and Brain Function. Defense Technical Information Center, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada446876.

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Drummond, Sean P. PR01 - The Effects of Total Sleep Deprivation and Recovery Sleep on Cognitive Performance and Brain Function. Defense Technical Information Center, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada460345.

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Cataford, Gabrielle, Laurie-Anne Monton, Stephanie Karzon, et al. Cognitive and motor function effects of antipsychotics in traumatic brain injury: a systematic review of preclinical studies. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.1.0034.

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Pasupuleti, Murali Krishna. Neural Computation and Learning Theory: Expressivity, Dynamics, and Biologically Inspired AI. National Education Services, 2025. https://doi.org/10.62311/nesx/rriv425.

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Abstract: Neural computation and learning theory provide the foundational principles for understanding how artificial and biological neural networks encode, process, and learn from data. This research explores expressivity, computational dynamics, and biologically inspired AI, focusing on theoretical expressivity limits, infinite-width neural networks, recurrent and spiking neural networks, attractor models, and synaptic plasticity. The study investigates mathematical models of function approximation, kernel methods, dynamical systems, and stability properties to assess the generalization capabilities of deep learning architectures. Additionally, it explores biologically plausible learning mechanisms such as Hebbian learning, spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP), and neuromodulation, drawing insights from neuroscience and cognitive computing. The role of spiking neural networks (SNNs) and neuromorphic computing in low-power AI and real-time decision-making is also analyzed, with applications in robotics, brain-computer interfaces, edge AI, and cognitive computing. Case studies highlight the industrial adoption of biologically inspired AI, focusing on adaptive neural controllers, neuromorphic vision, and memory-based architectures. This research underscores the importance of integrating theoretical learning principles with biologically motivated AI models to develop more interpretable, generalizable, and scalable intelligent systems. Keywords Neural computation, learning theory, expressivity, deep learning, recurrent neural networks, spiking neural networks, biologically inspired AI, infinite-width networks, kernel methods, attractor networks, synaptic plasticity, STDP, neuromodulation, cognitive computing, dynamical systems, function approximation, generalization, AI stability, neuromorphic computing, robotics, brain-computer interfaces, edge AI, biologically plausible learning.
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