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Journal articles on the topic 'Brain drain and brain gain'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Poinsot, Marie. "Brain drain versus brain gain ?" Hommes & migrations, no. 1307 (July 1, 2014): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/hommesmigrations.2868.

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2

Mundt, Hans Werner. "Brain Drain and Brain Gain." Indian Economic Journal 57, no. 3 (2009): 153–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0019466220090309.

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3

Maurseth, Per Botolf. "Brain Drain or Brain Gain?" Forum for Development Studies 46, no. 1 (2018): 195–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08039410.2018.1550918.

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4

Michaelis, Anthony R. "Brain Drain and Brain Gain." Interdisciplinary Science Reviews 15, no. 3 (1990): 193–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/isr.1990.15.3.193.

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5

Robertson, Susan L. "Brain drain, brain gain and brain circulation." Globalisation, Societies and Education 4, no. 1 (2006): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14767720600554908.

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6

Hunter, Philip. "Brain drain, brain gain or brain sharing?" EMBO reports 14, no. 4 (2013): 315–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/embor.2013.33.

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7

Sarfati, Hedva. "Book Review: Brain Drain and Brain Gain." Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research 19, no. 3 (2013): 440–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1024258913494071e.

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8

Stark, Oded, Christian Helmenstein, and Alexia Prskawetz. "A brain gain with a brain drain." Economics Letters 55, no. 2 (1997): 227–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0165-1765(97)00085-2.

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9

Lien, Donald, and Yan Wang. "Brain drain or brain gain: A revisit." Journal of Population Economics 18, no. 1 (2005): 153–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00148-003-0174-x.

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10

Udeorah, Sylvester, and Williams Odiche. "Brain Drain-Brain Gain Debate: The Missing Link." Global Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences 13, no. 3 (2025): 56–69. https://doi.org/10.37745/gjahss.2013/vol13n35669.

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The debate on brain drains and brain gain remains central to migration discussions, particularly in Nigeria and Africa. This study explored the missing link between the two by reviewing literature conceptually, theoretically, and empirically. Based in the Neo-Classical Theory of Migration, it highlights migration as a rational response to wage and opportunity gaps while emphasizing circular migration’s role in balancing labour markets and fostering development. Key push factors driving migration in Nigeria include poverty, unemployment, insecurity, poor governance, political instability, a wea

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11

Zong, Li, and Yixi Lu. "Reconceptualization of “Brain Drain”." International Journal of Chinese Education 6, no. 2 (2017): 288–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22125868-12340084.

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AbstractTraditional approach to the issue of “brain drain” and “brain gain” focuses on outflow and inflow of migration of academics and professionals between countries of origins and destinations. It is suggested that, in the international labor market, the developing countries have experienced the problem of brain drain while the developed countries have benefited from brain gain in the process of globalization and international mobility of talent. From this perspective, “brain drain” or “brain gain” is primarily measured by the number of talented people who have “moved in” or “moved out” of

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12

Fischer, Jakub, and Hana Lipovská. "BRAIN DRAIN – BRAIN GAIN: SLOVAK STUDENTS AT CZECH UNIVERSITIES." Journal on Efficiency and Responsibility in Education and Science 8, no. 3 (2015): 54–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.7160/eriesj.2015.080301.

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13

Siekierski, Paulette, Manolita Correia Lima, and Felipe Mendes Borini. "International Mobility of Academics: Brain Drain and Brain Gain." European Management Review 15, no. 3 (2018): 329–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/emre.12170.

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14

Ha, Wei, Junjian Yi, and Junsen Zhang. "Brain drain, brain gain, and economic growth in China." China Economic Review 38 (April 2016): 322–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chieco.2015.02.005.

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15

Oberoi, Sumit S., and Vivian Lin. "Brain drain of doctors from southern Africa: brain gain for Australia." Australian Health Review 30, no. 1 (2006): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah060025.

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?Brain drain? is the depletion or loss of intellectual and technical personnel. The United Nations defines it as a one-way movement of highly skilled people from developing to developed countries that only benefits the industrialised (host) world. Today, brain drain is a major problem facing less developed countries, while Australia and other developed countries are the beneficiaries. Brain drain is reported to have direct negative impact on the population?s health status in the donor country, with associated consequences for the productivity and welfare of the population. This paper reports o

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16

Nafa, Amar. "Du “brain drain” au “brain gain“." Alternatives Internationales 24, no. 5 (2005): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/ai.024.0025.

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17

Grigolo, Michele, Matthieu Lietaert, and Ramon Marimon. "Shifting from Academic ‘Brain Drain’ to ‘Brain Gain’ in Europe." European Political Science 9, no. 1 (2010): 118–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/eps.2009.42.

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18

Jałowiecki, Bohdan, and Grzegorz Jerzy Gorzelak. "Brain drain, brain gain, and mobility: theories and prospective methods." Higher Education in Europe 29, no. 3 (2004): 299–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0379772042000331589.

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19

Etling, Mary Ann, and Patrick T. McGann. "Hematology training in Africa: from brain drain to brain gain." Blood Advances 9, no. 4 (2025): 948–49. https://doi.org/10.1182/bloodadvances.2024015253.

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20

Dodani, Sunita, and Ronald E. LaPorte. "Brain Drain from Developing Countries: How can Brain Drain be Converted into Wisdom Gain?" Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 98, no. 11 (2005): 487–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014107680509801107.

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Brain drain is defined as the migration of health personnel in search of the better standard of living and quality of life, higher salaries, access to advanced technology and more stable political conditions in different places worldwide. This migration of health professionals for better opportunities, both within countries and across international borders, is of growing concern worldwide because of its impact on health systems in developing countries. Why do talented people leave their countries and go abroad? What are the consequences of such migrations especially on the educational sector?

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21

Dodani, S. "Brain drain from developing countries: how can brain drain be converted into wisdom gain?" Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 98, no. 11 (2005): 487–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/jrsm.98.11.487.

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22

Lee, Jong Woo. "Methylphenidate: Brain Gain for the Epilepsy Drain." Epilepsy Currents 17, no. 3 (2017): 157–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5698/1535-7511.17.3.157.

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23

Li, Xiaoyang, John McHale, and Xuan Zhou. "Does Brain Drain Lead to Institutional Gain?" World Economy 40, no. 7 (2016): 1454–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/twec.12407.

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24

BASTIDA DOMÍNGUEZ, María. "DO BRAIN DRAIN AO BRAIN GAIN: EXPATRIACIÓN, EMIGRACIÓN E COMPETITIVIDADE EMPRESARIAL." Revista Galega de Economía 24, no. 3 (2015): 49–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.15304/rge.24.3.3005.

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Neste traballo tratamos o valor dos Recursos Humanos Internacionais como fontepotencial de vantaxe competitiva para as organizacións. Sobre a base dun estudo realizado entre150 expatriados españois, analizamos os seus principais resultados. Comprobamos se o tempointroduce diferenzas significativas nestes resultados, e tamén se son efectivamente medidos polasorganizacións. Ademais, a partir dunha enquisa de 330 expatriados auto-iniciados suxerimos que osque abandonan voluntariamente o noso país na procura de oportunidades profesionais obteñen omesmo tipo de logros. Os datos do noso estudo confi

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25

Macharia, Kinuthia. "Migration des Africains diplômés. "Brain drain" ou "brain gain" des cerveaux ?" Hommes et Migrations 1272, no. 1 (2008): 126–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/homig.2008.4716.

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26

Gërmenji, Etleva, and Lindita Milo. "Migration of the skilled from Albania: brain drain or brain gain?" Journal of Balkan and Near Eastern Studies 13, no. 3 (2011): 339–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19448953.2011.593339.

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27

Boncea, Irina. "Turning Brain Drain into Brain Gain: Evidence from Romania's Medical Sector." Procedia Economics and Finance 20 (2015): 80–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2212-5671(15)00050-7.

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28

Mishra, Paresh. "It's More “Brain Gain” Than “Brain Drain” for Industrial–Organizational Psychology." Industrial and Organizational Psychology 7, no. 3 (2014): 378–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/iops.12166.

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29

Steinberg, Daniel. "Resource shocks and human capital stocks – Brain drain or brain gain?" Journal of Development Economics 127 (July 2017): 250–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2017.04.001.

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30

Ite, Uwem E. "Turning Brain Drain into Brain Gain: Personal Reflections on Using the Diaspora Option." African Issues 30, no. 1 (2002): 76–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1548450500006363.

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Brain drain is a global phenomenon and has always been so. It is a problem confronting and threatening development in Africa and other developing world regions. A study by Carrington and Detragiache concluded that there is an overall tendency for migration rates to be higher for highly educated individuals. Brain drain can therefore be seen as one of the more detrimental implications of organizational decline and crisis. Skilled migration, taking the form of brain drain and movements of professionals and job transfers, has become an important component of contemporary migration.3 Typically, in

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31

Teasdale, Dee. "Brain drain gains fame." Nursing Standard 8, no. 36 (1994): 42–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.8.36.42.s39.

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32

Gibson, John, and David McKenzie. "Eight Questions about Brain Drain." Journal of Economic Perspectives 25, no. 3 (2011): 107–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.25.3.107.

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The term “brain drain” dominates popular discourse on high-skilled migration, and for this reason, we use it in this article. However, as Harry Johnson noted, it is a loaded phrase implying serious loss. It is far from clear that such a loss actually occurs in practice; indeed, there is an increasing recognition of the possible benefits that skilled migration can offer both for migrants and for sending countries. This paper builds upon a recent wave of empirical research to answer eight key questions underlying much of the brain drain debate: 1) What is brain drain? 2) Why should economists ca

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33

Akurang-Parry, Kwabena O. "Passionate Voices of Those Left Behind: Conversations with Ghanaian Professionals on the Brain Drain and Its Net Gains." African Issues 30, no. 1 (2002): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1548450500006326.

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Since the late 1970s, scholars, organizations, pressure groups, conferences, and governments have examined the brain drain phenomenon in Africa. More recently, brain gain, the antithesis of brain drain, has also attracted considerable attention. The focal point of the brain gain across the continent has been postapartheid South Africa, which has witnessed a large influx of professionals from other regions. Considering Africa as a whole, except for South Africa, the extant literature has overemphasized the debit side of the brain drain.

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34

Kunyapon, Prawetchayodom, Chavanotai Nattanan, Soritchingchai Phanlalin, and Jedmongkolrat Wanwisa. "Factors Contributing to Brain Drain in Thailand." International Journal of Current Science Research and Review 04, no. 09 (2021): 1172–77. https://doi.org/10.47191/ijcsrr/V4-i9-14.

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Abstract : The main objective of this study is to find the main factors which affect the migration rate and may lead to brain drain. Brain drain is the migration of highly trained or skilled people to wealthier countries where they can gain more salary and better standard of living. Moreover, brain drain can result in losing professionals and cause deterring effects on the countries. This has become an important issue as in recent years, more people have been leaving their countries to more developed countries. Thus, it is clear that brain drain is a significant issue in various countries incl

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35

Stankovic, Mirjana, Biljana Angelova, Verica Janeska, and Bratislav Stankovic. "Science and innovation policy in Southeast Europe: brain drain as brain gain." International Journal of Technological Learning, Innovation and Development 6, no. 3 (2013): 262. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijtlid.2013.056341.

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36

Sampson, Thomas. "Brain drain or brain gain? Technology diffusion and learning on-the-job." Journal of International Economics 90, no. 1 (2013): 162–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinteco.2012.10.004.

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37

Astari, Aliyah. "GLOBAL MIGRATION’S IMPACT AND OPPORTUNITY: PENCAPAIAN EKONOMI INDIA ATAS KEBERHASILAN MENGUBAH BRAIN-DRAIN MENJADI BRAIN-SIRCULATION." JMBI UNSRAT (Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Bisnis dan Inovasi Universitas Sam Ratulangi). 11, no. 3 (2024): 1642–52. https://doi.org/10.35794/jmbi.v11i3.56242.

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India adalah salah satu negara di kawasan Asia Timur yang tergolong sebagai negara kurang berkembang, India juga telah melalui era dimana negara mereka kekurangan tenaga kerja terampil yang sempat membuat India berada dalam keterpurukan ekonomi sebagai akibat dari migrasi internasional atau dikenal dengan istilah brain drain yaitu kondisi dimana negara kehilangan pekerja atau penduduk yang terampil ke negara – negara maju dengan tujuan mendapatkan pekerjaan yang lebih layak. Namun, karena keseriusan pemerintah India dalam menciptakan regulasi dan menarik kembali warga negara terampil untuk kem

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38

Mishra, A. K. "Anatomy of Brain Drain: A Painful Reality." International Research Journal of Parroha Multiple Campus 2, no. 1 (2023): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.61916/prmn.2023.v02i01.001.

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Brain drain, the migration of skilled and educated labour, is a painful reality for developing countries like Nepal. The causes of brain drain can be attributed to various pull and push factors, including limited job opportunities, better standards of living, higher salaries, access to advanced technology, and more stable political conditions in developed countries. The development of the industrial sector in a country is hindered by a shortage of qualified and skilled workers, which slows down overall development. The editorial perspective provides a comprehensive overview of the brain drain

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39

Fan, Xiaofeng, and Akira Yakita. "Brain drain and technological relationship between skilled and unskilled labor: brain gain or brain loss?" Journal of Population Economics 24, no. 4 (2010): 1359–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00148-010-0321-0.

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40

Nwabuatu, Emmanuel Nnajiubah Ph. D. "Brain Drain and Brain Gain Syndrome (An Empirical Examination of Push and Pull Factors)." International Journal of Research in Education and Sustainable Development 4, no. 11 (2024): 55–73. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14674017.

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<em>The  study  examined  the relationship between brain drain and  brain gain syndrome ( push and pull factors). The push and pull  factors include economic factors, social and political factors, professional  factors, environmental factors, personal factors, educational factors, government and policy factors, technology, and infrastructure factors. A cross-sectional research design was used for the study. The population of the study is 16 public universities.  The entire 16 public universities were adopted as sample size under the census sampling

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41

Ite, Uwem E. "Turning Brain Drain into Brain Gain: Personal Reflections on Using the Diaspora Option." African Issues 30, no. 1 (2002): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1167096.

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42

Meyer, Jean-Baptiste, Jorge Charum, Dora Bernal, et al. "Turning Brain Drain into Brain Gain: The Colombian Experience of the Diaspora Option." Science, Technology and Society 2, no. 2 (1997): 285–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097172189700200205.

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43

Báez, Moreno, and Hugo López. "Brain drain tax vs. brain gain benefits: General thoughts from a Spanish perspective." Anali Pravnog fakulteta u Beogradu 67, no. 4 (2019): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/analipfb1904005b.

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44

Wong (黄伟民), Lloyd L., and Shibao Guo (郭世宝). "Brain Drain, Brain Gain and Brain Circulation: Emerging Trends and Patterns of Chinese Transnational Talent Mobility." Journal of Chinese Overseas 19, no. 1 (2023): 1–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/17932548-12341477.

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Abstract Four decades ago, in the 1980s, network analysis did not anticipate the growing importance of transnational and diasporic communities “embedded” in more than one country. The integrating theoretical framework of transnational social mobilities is adopted for this article on Chinese talent mobility in the diaspora with a focus on the mobilities between China and countries in the OECD. By examining macro migration data within the OECD, we analyze emerging trends and patterns of the movement of highly skilled Chinese transnational talent. In light of China’s rising economic power and the

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45

Majeed, Muhammad H., Ali Ahsan Ali, and Fahad Saeed. "International medical graduates: from brain drain to potential gain." International Journal of Medical Education 8 (March 4, 2017): 37–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5116/ijme.5869.008a.

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46

Pinto da Costa, M., E. Andreou, V. Banjac, et al. "Brain Drain or Gain? Psychiatric Trainees On the Move." European Psychiatry 30 (March 2015): 736. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(15)31932-5.

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47

Gueye, Abdoulaye. "Dark Side of the African Brain Drain: Experiences of Africans Holding Doctoral Degrees in Social Sciences and Humanities Living in France." African Issues 30, no. 1 (2002): 62–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1548450500006338.

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Often, for many analysts theorizing the brain drain, producing macrolevel statistics is considered enough to demonstrate the significance of the concept. Furthermore, nationalist and internationalist theories and perspectives have shaped the discussion of the brain drain, each seeking to determine whether the brain drain generates an economic loss for the country of origin or a gain for the welcoming country.

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48

Bana, Lajda. "Brain Circulation, the Phenomenon and Challenges." European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 2, no. 1 (2016): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejis.v2i1.p158-165.

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The world of today which seeks globalization, while the economic inequality, corruption, political instability, and moreover wars prevail, it is always associated with the movement of people towards what might be called the ‘best for their future’. This movement is not just a mechanical action, but is a phenomenon associated with social, economic and political consequences not only to the country of origin but also for the host country. The departure of the people from their land is a well-known and proven phenomenon mainly of the developing countries. This phenomenon includes also the so-call

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49

Bana, Lajda. "Brain Circulation, the Phenomenon and Challenges." European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 4, no. 1 (2016): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejis.v4i1.p158-165.

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The world of today which seeks globalization, while the economic inequality, corruption, political instability, and moreover wars prevail, it is always associated with the movement of people towards what might be called the ‘best for their future’. This movement is not just a mechanical action, but is a phenomenon associated with social, economic and political consequences not only to the country of origin but also for the host country. The departure of the people from their land is a well-known and proven phenomenon mainly of the developing countries. This phenomenon includes also the so-call

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50

Nikolina, I. I., N. M. Makhnachova, and V. A. Kuzinska. "Ukraine’s policy on brain drain in the wartime and post-war periods." Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu, no. 4 (August 30, 2024): 149–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.33271/nvngu/2024-4/149.

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Purpose. To analyse Ukraine’s policy on brain drain and to find ways to improve it, taking into account foreign experience and possible scenarios of martial law development. Methodology. General scientific and special research methods were used in the study: the method of categorical analysis, the systemic method, the institutional method, the comparative analysis, the cross-country analysis, the descriptive analysis the generalisation method. Findings. The study has drawn the attention of the scientific community and public administration practitioners to the problem of the lack of systematic

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