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Journal articles on the topic 'Brain metabolic disorders'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Hurst, Daniel L. "Metabolic Brain Dysfunction in Systemic Disorders." Pediatric Neurology 8, no. 6 (1992): 479. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0887-8994(92)90017-s.

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2

De Stefano, Nicola. "PROTON MR SPECTROSCOPY IN BRAIN METABOLIC DISORDERS." Journal of the Siena Academy of Sciences 1, no. 1 (2012): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/jsas.2009.54.

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3

Kanekar, Sangam, and Cristy Gustas. "Metabolic Disorders of the Brain: Part I." Seminars in Ultrasound, CT and MRI 32, no. 6 (2011): 590–614. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.sult.2011.08.003.

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Kanekar, Sangam, and Joel Verbrugge. "Metabolic Disorders of the Brain: Part II." Seminars in Ultrasound, CT and MRI 32, no. 6 (2011): 615–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.sult.2011.08.004.

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5

Bindu Tirumani, Sudha, Raghavendra Prasad Y, Vijaya Kumari Mudunoor, and Suman Chandra Aemjal. "MRI IN PAEDIATRIC INHERITED METABOLIC BRAIN DISORDERS." Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences 5, no. 69 (2016): 4967–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2016/1128.

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6

Battistin, L., A. Rigo, F. Bracco, M. Dam, and G. Pizzolato. "Metabolic Aspects of Aging Brain and Related Disorders." Gerontology 33, no. 3-4 (1987): 253–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000212886.

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7

de Oliveira, Arthur M., Matheus V. Paulino, Ana P. F. Vieira, et al. "Imaging Patterns of Toxic and Metabolic Brain Disorders." RadioGraphics 39, no. 6 (2019): 1672–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/rg.2019190016.

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8

De Stefano, Nicola, and Marzia Mortilla. "Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Brain Metabolic Disorders." Clinical Neuroradiology 17, no. 4 (2007): 223–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00062-007-7025-1.

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9

Capuron, L., and S. Layé. "119. Immune-to-brain interactions in metabolic disorders." Brain, Behavior, and Immunity 32 (September 2013): e34-e35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2013.07.131.

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10

Meng, Qingying, Zhe Ying, Emily Noble, et al. "Systems Nutrigenomics Reveals Brain Gene Networks Linking Metabolic and Brain Disorders." EBioMedicine 7 (May 2016): 157–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.04.008.

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11

Yoon, Hyun Jung, Ji Hye Kim, Tae Yeon Jeon, So-Young Yoo, and Hong Eo. "Devastating Metabolic Brain Disorders of Newborns and Young Infants." RadioGraphics 34, no. 5 (2014): 1257–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/rg.345130095.

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12

Milner, E. B., A. A. Pokhlebkina, I. A. Leonova, and A. I. Khavkin. "Role of the brain neutrophic factor in the genesis of obesity." Voprosy praktičeskoj pediatrii 16, no. 1 (2021): 58–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.20953/1817-7646-2021-1-58-63.

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Obesity is directly related to metabolic disorders, and recently, this disorder has been associated with inflammation. Over the past decades, there has been an increase in the number of obesity cases with metabolic syndrome, which belongs to the set of disorders, and includes glucose intolerance and dyslipidemia in addition to obesity. Since obesity is related to the balance of energy consumption, several new factors are currently being considered – metabolic. They are involved in the control of lipid and glucose levels and support cardiovascular homeostasis. The nerve growth factor and brain

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13

Khnychenko, Ludmila Konstantinovna. "STRESS-INDUCED BRAIN DAMAGES." Reviews on Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy 10, no. 2 (2012): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/rcf1028-13.

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14

Rebelos, Eleni, Juha O. Rinne, Pirjo Nuutila, and Laura L. Ekblad. "Brain Glucose Metabolism in Health, Obesity, and Cognitive Decline—Does Insulin Have Anything to Do with It? A Narrative Review." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 7 (2021): 1532. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10071532.

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Imaging brain glucose metabolism with fluorine-labelled fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) has long been utilized to aid the diagnosis of memory disorders, in particular in differentiating Alzheimer’s disease (AD) from other neurological conditions causing cognitive decline. The interest for studying brain glucose metabolism in the context of metabolic disorders has arisen more recently. Obesity and type 2 diabetes—two diseases characterized by systemic insulin resistance—are associated with an increased risk for AD. Along with the well-defined patterns of fastin

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15

Jones, Brett D. M., Salman Farooqui, Stefan Kloiber, Muhammad Omair Husain, Benoit H. Mulsant, and Muhammad Ishrat Husain. "Targeting Metabolic Dysfunction for the Treatment of Mood Disorders: Review of the Evidence." Life 11, no. 8 (2021): 819. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life11080819.

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Major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) are often chronic with many patients not responding to available treatments. As these mood disorders are frequently associated with metabolic dysfunction, there has been increased interest in novel treatments that would target metabolic pathways. The objectives of this scoping review were to synthesize evidence on the impact on mood symptoms of lipid lowering agents and anti-diabetics drugs, while also reviewing current knowledge on the association between mood disorders and dyslipidemia or hyperglycemia. We propose that metabolic dysfu

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16

Mancall, Elliott L. "Reviews and Notes: Neurology: Metabolic Brain Dysfunction in Systemic Disorders." Annals of Internal Medicine 120, no. 2 (1994): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-120-2-199401150-00043.

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17

Grambal, A., J. Prasko, J. Horacek, J. Vyskocilova, Z. Grambalova, and D. Kamaradova. "1228 – Regional metabolic brain requirements comparison in selected anxiety disorders." European Psychiatry 28 (January 2013): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(13)76306-5.

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18

Eidelberg, David. "Metabolic brain networks in neurodegenerative disorders: a functional imaging approach." Trends in Neurosciences 32, no. 10 (2009): 548–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2009.06.003.

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19

Marchelek-Myśliwiec, Małgorzata, Grażyna Dutkiewicz, Magda Wiśniewska, Maria Pietrzak-Nowacka, and Kazimierz Ciechanowski. "Brain-derived neurotrophic factor: a new face of metabolic disorders." Annals of Clinical Biochemistry 50, no. 3 (2013): 189–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004563212474940.

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20

Tsakiris, Stylianos, and Kleopatra H. Schulpis. "The Effect of Galactose Metabolic Disorders on Rat Brain Acetylcholinesterase Activity." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 55, no. 9-10 (2000): 852–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2000-9-1032.

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Abstract To evaluate whether in classical galactosemia galactose (Gal), galactose-1-phosphate (Gal-1-P) and galactitol (Galtol) affect brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, various concentrations (1-16 mм) of these compounds were preincubated with brain homogenates of suckling rats as well as with pure eel Electroforus electricus AChE at 37 °C for 1 h. Initially, Galtol (up to 2.0 mм) increased (25%) AChE activity which decreased, thereafter, reaching the control value in high Galtol concentrations. Gal-1-P decreased gradually the enzyme activity reaching a plateau (38%), when incubated

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21

Mansur, Rodrigo Barbachan, and Elisa Brietzke. "The "selfish brain" hypothesis for metabolic abnormalities in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia." Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy 34, no. 3 (2012): 121–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s2237-60892012000300003.

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Metabolic abnormalities are frequent in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder (BD), leading to a high prevalence of diabetes and metabolic syndrome in this population. Moreover, mortality rates among patients are higher than in the general population, especially due to cardiovascular diseases. Several neurobiological systems involved in energy metabolism have been shown to be altered in both illnesses; however, the cause of metabolic abnormalities and how they relate to schizophrenia and BD pathophysiology are still largely unknown. The "selfish brain" theory is a recent paradigm po

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22

Kullmann, Stephanie, Martin Heni, Manfred Hallschmid, Andreas Fritsche, Hubert Preissl, and Hans-Ulrich Häring. "Brain Insulin Resistance at the Crossroads of Metabolic and Cognitive Disorders in Humans." Physiological Reviews 96, no. 4 (2016): 1169–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00032.2015.

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Ever since the brain was identified as an insulin-sensitive organ, evidence has rapidly accumulated that insulin action in the brain produces multiple behavioral and metabolic effects, influencing eating behavior, peripheral metabolism, and cognition. Disturbances in brain insulin action can be observed in obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D), as well as in aging and dementia. Decreases in insulin sensitivity of central nervous pathways, i.e., brain insulin resistance, may therefore constitute a joint pathological feature of metabolic and cognitive dysfunctions. Modern neuroimaging methods have p

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23

Yu, Joe Yuezhou, and Phillip L. Pearl. "Metabolic Causes of Epileptic Encephalopathy." Epilepsy Research and Treatment 2013 (May 22, 2013): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/124934.

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Epileptic encephalopathy can be induced by inborn metabolic defects that may be rare individually but in aggregate represent a substantial clinical portion of child neurology. These may present with various epilepsy phenotypes including refractory neonatal seizures, early myoclonic encephalopathy, early infantile epileptic encephalopathy, infantile spasms, and generalized epilepsies which in particular include myoclonic seizures. There are varying degrees of treatability, but the outcome if untreated can often be catastrophic. The importance of early recognition cannot be overemphasized. This

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24

Pilla, Raffaele. "Clinical Applications of Ketogenic Diet-Induced Ketosis in Neurodegenerative and Metabolism-Related Pathologies." Proceedings 61, no. 1 (2020): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iecn2020-06982.

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Metabolic-based therapies such as nutritional ketosis have been proven effective for seizure disorders and various acute and chronic neurological pathologies. In a healthy brain, glucose is the primary metabolic fuel for cells. However, neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), seizure disorders, and traumatic brain injury (TBI) are associated with impaired glucose transport and metabolism and with mitochondrial dysfunction leading to energy deficit. Therapeutic ketosis can be considered as a form of metabolic therapy by providing alternative ener

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25

Orth, Matthias, and Stefano Bellosta. "Cholesterol: Its Regulation and Role in Central Nervous System Disorders." Cholesterol 2012 (October 17, 2012): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/292598.

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Cholesterol is a major constituent of the human brain, and the brain is the most cholesterol-rich organ. Numerous lipoprotein receptors and apolipoproteins are expressed in the brain. Cholesterol is tightly regulated between the major brain cells and is essential for normal brain development. The metabolism of brain cholesterol differs markedly from that of other tissues. Brain cholesterol is primarily derived by de novo synthesis and the blood brain barrier prevents the uptake of lipoprotein cholesterol from the circulation. Defects in cholesterol metabolism lead to structural and functional

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26

Brimble, Elise, and Maura R. Z. Ruzhnikov. "Metabolic Disorders Presenting with Seizures in the Neonatal Period." Seminars in Neurology 40, no. 02 (2020): 219–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1705119.

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AbstractMetabolic disorders represent rare but often treatable causes of seizures and epilepsy of neonatal onset. As seizures are relatively common in the neonatal period, systemic clues to a specific diagnosis may be lacking or shrouded by acute illness. An important role of the consulting pediatric neurologist is to identify neonates with a possible metabolic or otherwise genetic diagnosis. In this review, the authors describe presenting signs and symptoms, a diagnostic framework, and disorder-specific treatment options for inborn errors of metabolism that may present in the neonatal period.

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27

Giuditta, Antonio, Gigliola Grassi-Zucconi, and Adolfo G. Sadile. "Brain metabolic DNA in memory processing and genome turnover." Reviews in the Neurosciences 28, no. 1 (2017): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/revneuro-2016-0027.

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AbstractSophisticated methods are currently used to investigate the properties of brain DNA and clarify its role under physiological conditions and in neurological and psychiatric disorders. Attention is now called on a DNA fraction present in the adult rat brain that is characterized by an elevated turnover and is not involved in cell division or DNA repair. The fraction, known as brain metabolic DNA (BMD), is modulated by strain, stress, circadian oscillations, exposure to enriched or impoverished environment, and notably by several training protocols and post-trial sleep. BMD is frequently

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28

Rickman, Olivia J., Emma L. Baple, and Andrew H. Crosby. "Lipid metabolic pathways converge in motor neuron degenerative diseases." Brain 143, no. 4 (2019): 1073–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/brain/awz382.

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Abstract Motor neuron diseases (MNDs) encompass an extensive and heterogeneous group of upper and/or lower motor neuron degenerative disorders, in which the particular clinical outcomes stem from the specific neuronal component involved in each condition. While mutations in a large number of molecules associated with lipid metabolism are known to be implicated in MNDs, there remains a lack of clarity regarding the key functional pathways involved, and their inter-relationships. This review highlights evidence that defines defects within two specific lipid (cholesterol/oxysterol and phosphatidy

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29

Pandareesh, M. D., Hemanth Kumar Kandikattu, Sakina Razack, et al. "Nutrition and Nutraceuticals in Neuroinflammatory and Brain Metabolic Stress: Implications for Neurodegenerative Disorders." CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets 17, no. 9 (2018): 680–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871527317666180625104753.

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Background and Objective: A steep rise in the incidences of neurodegenerative disorders could be the combined effect of several non-genetic factors such as increased life expectancy, environmental pollutants, lifestyle, and dietary habits, as population-level genetic change require multiple generations. Emerging evidence suggests that chronic over-nutrition induces brain metabolic stress and neuroinflammation, and are individually known to promote neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Huntington’s disease (HD). Although the association of

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30

Sener, R. N. "Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging patterns in metabolic and toxic brain disorders." Acta Radiologica 45, no. 5 (2004): 561–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02841850410006128.

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31

Capuron, L. "S.16.02 Immune-to-brain communication in metabolic disorders and ageing." European Neuropsychopharmacology 22 (October 2012): S134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-977x(12)70169-4.

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32

Krieg, Jürgen-Christian, Herbert Backmund, and Karl-Martin Pirke. "Endocrine, metabolic, and brain morphological abnormalities in patients with eating disorders." International Journal of Eating Disorders 5, no. 6 (1986): 999–1005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1098-108x(198609)5:6<999::aid-eat2260050604>3.0.co;2-a.

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33

Nagalski, Andrzej, Kamil Kozinski, and Marta B. Wisniewska. "Metabolic pathways in the periphery and brain: Contribution to mental disorders?" International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology 80 (November 2016): 19–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocel.2016.09.012.

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34

Maffezzini, Camilla, Javier Calvo-Garrido, Anna Wredenberg, and Christoph Freyer. "Metabolic regulation of neurodifferentiation in the adult brain." Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences 77, no. 13 (2020): 2483–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00018-019-03430-9.

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AbstractUnderstanding the mechanisms behind neurodifferentiation in adults will be an important milestone in our quest to identify treatment strategies for cognitive disorders observed during our natural ageing or disease. It is now clear that the maturation of neural stem cells to neurones, fully integrated into neuronal circuits requires a complete remodelling of cellular metabolism, including switching the cellular energy source. Mitochondria are central for this transition and are increasingly seen as the regulatory hub in defining neural stem cell fate and neurodevelopment. This review ex

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35

Aksoy, Direnç Özlem, and Alpay Alkan. "Neurometabolic Diseases in Children: Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Features." Current Medical Imaging Formerly Current Medical Imaging Reviews 15, no. 3 (2019): 255–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573405613666171123152451.

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Background: Neurometabolic diseases are a group of diseases secondary to disorders in different metabolic pathways, which lead to white and/or gray matter of the brain involvement. </P><P> Discussion: Neurometabolic disorders are divided in two groups as dysmyelinating and demyelinating diseases. Because of wide spectrum of these disorders, there are many different classifications of neurometabolic diseases. We used the classification according to brain involvement areas. In radiological evaluation, MRI provides useful information for these disseases. Conclusion: Magnetic Resonance

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36

Liu, Jiaming, Jing Sun, Fangyan Wang, et al. "Neuroprotective Effects ofClostridium butyricumagainst Vascular Dementia in Mice via Metabolic Butyrate." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/412946.

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Probiotics actively participate in neuropsychiatric disorders. However, the role of gut microbiota in brain disorders and vascular dementia (VaD) remains unclear. We used a mouse model of VaD induced by a permanent right unilateral common carotid arteries occlusion (rUCCAO) to investigate the neuroprotective effects and possible underlying mechanisms ofClostridium butyricum. Following rUCCAO,C. butyricumwas intragastrically administered for 6 successive weeks. Cognitive function was estimated. Morphological examination was performed by electron microscopy and hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staini

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37

Tsakiris, Stylianos, Kyriakoula Marinou, and Kleopatra H. Schulpis. "The Effect of Galactose Metabolic Disorders on Rat Brain Na+,K+-ATPase Activity." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 57, no. 9-10 (2002): 939–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2002-9-1030.

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To evaluate the effect of galactose metabolic disorders on the brain Na+,K+-ATPase in suckling rats. Separate preincubations of various concentrations (1-16 mᴍ) of the compounds galactose-1-phosphate (Gal-1-P) and galactitol (galtol) with whole brain homogenates at 37 °C for 1 h resulted in a dose dependent inhibition of the enzyme whereas the pure enzyme (from porcine cerebral cortex) was stimulated. Glucose-1-phosphate (Glu-1-P) or galactose (Gal) stimulated both rat brain Na+,K+-ATPase and pure enzyme. A mixture of Gal-1-P (2 mm), galtol (2 mᴍ) and Gal (4 mᴍ), concentrations commonly found

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38

Mandal, P. K. "Brain Metabolic Mapping with MRS: A Potent Noninvasive Tool for Clinical Diagnosis of Brain Disorders." American Journal of Neuroradiology 35, Supplement 6 (2014): S1—S3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.a4020.

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39

Agrawal, Anuskha, Nidhi Rani, and Robin Maskey. "Clinical Profile of Thyroid Disorders – A retrospective study at BPKIHS." Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology Association of Nepal 2, no. 2 (2018): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jdean.v2i2.22356.

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Background: The thyroid gland produces two key metabolic hormones which regulate metabolic rate, growth and development. They play vital roles in digestion, heart and muscle function, brain development and maintenance of bones. People suffering from thyroid disorders may have autoimmune disease, ranging from primary hypothyroidism, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, to hyperthyroidism caused by Graves’ disease. Objectives: To study clinical profile of thyroid disorders in endocrinology clinic of BPKIHS, Nepal. Methods: This is a hospital based retrospective study of past five years (2012 – 2

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40

Dakroub, Ali, Suzanne A. Nasser, Nour Younis, et al. "Visfatin: A Possible Role in Cardiovasculo-Metabolic Disorders." Cells 9, no. 11 (2020): 2444. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9112444.

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Visfatin/NAMPT (nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase) is an adipocytokine with several intriguing properties. It was first identified as pre-B-cell colony-enhancing factor but turned out to possess enzymatic functions in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide biosynthesis, with ubiquitous expression in skeletal muscles, liver, cardiomyocytes, and brain cells. Visfatin exists in an intracellular (iNAMPT) and extracellular (eNAMPT) form. Intracellularly, visfatin/iNAMPT plays a regulatory role in NAD+ biosynthesis and thereby affects many NAD-dependent proteins such as sirtuins, PARPs, MARTs and CD

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41

Trzesniak, Clarissa, David Araújo, and José Alexandre S. Crippa. "Magnetic resonance spectroscopy in anxiety disorders." Acta Neuropsychiatrica 20, no. 2 (2008): 56–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-5215.2008.00270.x.

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Objective:Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a non-invasive in vivo method used to quantify metabolites that are relevant to a wide range of brain processes. This paper briefly describes neuroimaging using MRS and provides a systematic review of its application to anxiety disorders.Method:A literature review was performed in the PubMed, Lilacs and Scielo databases using the keywords spectroscopy and anxiety disorder. References of selected articles were also hand-searched for additional citations.Results:Recent studies have shown that there are significant metabolic differences between p

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42

Martinez-Corral, Rosa, Jintao Liu, Arthur Prindle, Gürol M. Süel, and Jordi Garcia-Ojalvo. "Metabolic basis of brain-like electrical signalling in bacterial communities." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 374, no. 1774 (2019): 20180382. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2018.0382.

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Information processing in the mammalian brain relies on a careful regulation of the membrane potential dynamics of its constituent neurons, which propagates across the neuronal tissue via electrical signalling. We recently reported the existence of electrical signalling in a much simpler organism, the bacterium Bacillus subtilis . In dense bacterial communities known as biofilms, nutrient-deprived B. subtilis cells in the interior of the colony use electrical communication to transmit stress signals to the periphery, which interfere with the growth of peripheral cells and reduce nutrient consu

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Turkheimer, Federico E., Pierluigi Selvaggi, Mitul A. Mehta, et al. "Normalizing the Abnormal: Do Antipsychotic Drugs Push the Cortex Into an Unsustainable Metabolic Envelope?" Schizophrenia Bulletin 46, no. 3 (2019): 484–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbz119.

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Abstract The use of antipsychotic medication to manage psychosis, principally in those with a diagnosis of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, is well established. Antipsychotics are effective in normalizing positive symptoms of psychosis in the short term (delusions, hallucinations and disordered thought). Their long-term use is, however, associated with side effects, including several types of movement (extrapyramidal syndrome, dyskinesia, akathisia), metabolic and cardiac disorders. Furthermore, higher lifetime antipsychotic dose-years may be associated with poorer cognitive performance and

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44

Sher, Ellen S., Xiao Ming Xu, Perrie M. Adams, Cheryl M. Craft, and Stuart A. Stein. "The Effects of Thyroid Hormone Level and Action in Developing Brain: Are These Targets for the Actions of Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Dioxins?" Toxicology and Industrial Health 14, no. 1-2 (1998): 121–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074823379801400110.

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Alterations in thyroid hormone level or responsivity to thyroid hormone have significant neurologic sequelae throughout the life cycle. Duringfetal and early neonatal periods, disorders of thyroid hormone may lead to the development of motor and cognitive disorders. During childhood and adult life, thyroid hormone is required for neuronal maintenance as well as normal metabolic function. Those with an underlying disorder of thyroid hormone homeostasis or mitochondrial function may be at greater risk for developing cognitive, motor, or metabolic dysfunction upon exposure to substances which alt

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45

Trofimova, T. N., A. D. Khalikov, M. D. Semenova, and A. A. Bogdan. "PRENATAL PROTON MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY OF THE BRAIN." Diagnostic radiology and radiotherapy, no. 2 (August 4, 2019): 5–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.22328/2079-5343-2019-10-2-5-14.

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The article demonstrates the first Russian experience of prenatal proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1Н MRS) of the brain. The results of the study are analyzed, the metabolic changes during the gestation period is evaluated. Neuroimaging methods of assessing brain metabolism may play a role in the diagnosis and prognosis of some perinatal neurological disorders, that is why the information about normal cerebral metabolic processes is extremely important. Prenatal 1Н MRS of the brain is an informative, non invasive diagnostic method that is performed complementary to MRI and provides uniq

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46

Marazziti, Donatella, Beatrice Buccianelli, Stefania Palermo, et al. "The Microbiota/Microbiome and the Gut–Brain Axis: How Much Do They Matter in Psychiatry?" Life 11, no. 8 (2021): 760. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life11080760.

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The functioning of the central nervous system (CNS) is the result of the constant integration of bidirectional messages between the brain and peripheral organs, together with their connections with the environment. Despite the anatomical separation, gut microbiota, i.e., the microorganisms colonising the gastrointestinal tract, is highly related to the CNS through the so-called “gut–brain axis”. The aim of this paper was to review and comment on the current literature on the role of the intestinal microbiota and the gut–brain axis in some common neuropsychiatric conditions. The recent literatu

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47

Baquer, Najma Z., Asia Taha, Pardeep Kumar, et al. "A metabolic and functional overview of brain aging linked to neurological disorders." Biogerontology 10, no. 4 (2009): 377–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10522-009-9226-2.

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48

Fried, Nathan T., Cynthia Moffat, Erin L. Seifert, and Michael L. Oshinsky. "Functional mitochondrial analysis in acute brain sections from adult rats reveals mitochondrial dysfunction in a rat model of migraine." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 307, no. 11 (2014): C1017—C1030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00332.2013.

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Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in many neurological disorders that only develop or are much more severe in adults, yet no methodology exists that allows for medium-throughput functional mitochondrial analysis of brain sections from adult animals. We developed a technique for quantifying mitochondrial respiration in acutely isolated adult rat brain sections with the Seahorse XF Analyzer. Evaluating a range of conditions made quantifying mitochondrial function from acutely derived adult brain sections from the cortex, cerebellum, and trigeminal nucleus caudalis possible. Optimizat

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Umair, Muhammad, and Majid Alfadhel. "Genetic Disorders Associated with Metal Metabolism." Cells 8, no. 12 (2019): 1598. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells8121598.

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Genetic disorders associated with metal metabolism form a large group of disorders and mostly result from defects in the proteins/enzymes involved in nutrient metabolism and energy production. These defects can affect different metabolic pathways and cause mild to severe disorders related to metal metabolism. Some disorders have moderate to severe clinical consequences. In severe cases, these elements accumulate in different tissues and organs, particularly the brain. As they are toxic and interfere with normal biological functions, the severity of the disorder increases. However, the human bo

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Yang, Dong Joo, Jessica Hong, and Ki Woo Kim. "Hypothalamic primary cilium: A hub for metabolic homeostasis." Experimental & Molecular Medicine 53, no. 7 (2021): 1109–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s12276-021-00644-5.

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AbstractObesity is a global health problem that is associated with adverse consequences such as the development of metabolic disorders, including cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, and type 2 diabetes. A major cause of obesity is metabolic imbalance, which results from insufficient physical activity and excess energy intake. Understanding the pathogenesis of obesity, as well as other metabolic disorders, is important in the development of methods for prevention and therapy. The coordination of energy balance takes place in the hypothalamus, a major brain region that maintains

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