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Journal articles on the topic 'Branched unsaturated FAs'

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1

de Kluijver, Anna, Klaas G. J. Nierop, Teresa M. Morganti, et al. "Bacterial precursors and unsaturated long-chain fatty acids are biomarkers of North-Atlantic deep-sea demosponges." PLOS ONE 16, no. 1 (2021): e0241095. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241095.

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Sponges produce distinct fatty acids (FAs) that (potentially) can be used as chemotaxonomic and ecological biomarkers to study endosymbiont-host interactions and the functional ecology of sponges. Here, we present FA profiles of five common habitat-building deep-sea sponges (class Demospongiae, order Tetractinellida), which are classified as high microbial abundance (HMA) species. Geodia hentscheli, G. parva, G. atlantica, G. barretti, and Stelletta rhaphidiophora were collected from boreal and Arctic sponge grounds in the North-Atlantic Ocean. Bacterial FAs dominated in all five species and p
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de, Kluijver Anna, Klaas GJ Nierop, Teresa M. Morganti, et al. "Bacterial precursors and unsaturated long-chain fatty acids are biomarkers of North-Atlantic demosponges." Plos ONE 16, no. 1 (2021): e0241095. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241095.

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ABSTRACT Sponges produce distinct fatty acids (FAs) that (potentially) can be used as chemotaxonomic and ecological biomarkers to study endosymbiont-host interactions and the functional ecology of sponges. Here, we present FA profiles of five common habitat-building deep-sea sponges (class Demospongiae, order Tetractinellida), which are classified as high microbial abundance (HMA) species.&nbsp;<em>Geodia hentscheli</em>,&nbsp;<em>G. parva</em>,&nbsp;<em>G. atlantica</em>,&nbsp;<em>G. barretti,</em>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<em>Stelletta rhaphidiophora</em>&nbsp;were collected from boreal and Arctic spon
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VU, Thi Huyen, Daniel CATHELINE, David DELMAIL, Joël BOUSTIE, Philippe LEGRAND, and Françoise LOHÉZIC-LE DÉVÉHAT. "Gas chromatographic analysis to compare the fatty acid composition of fifteen lichen species, with a focus onStereocaulon." Lichenologist 48, no. 4 (2016): 323–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0024282916000141.

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AbstractThe composition of fatty acids (FAs) is known to discriminate families within genera of bacteria, fungi, octocorals and algae. Here, we applied the more sensitive gas chromatographic (GC) analysis to investigate the taxonomic value of using FA composition to discriminate 15 species of lichen, including three chlorolichens (twoCladoniaspecies andStereocaulon scutelligerum), nine tripartite lichens (Stereocaulonspecies) and three cyanolichens (Lichina pygmaea,Collema cristatum,Peltigera membranacea). One macroscopic cyanobacterium (Nostocsp.), corresponding to the photobiont partner ofPe
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Grille, Lucía, Ignacio Vieitez, Andrea Garay, et al. "Fat Profiles of Milk and Butter Obtained from Different Dairy Systems (High and Low Pasture) and Seasons (Spring and Fall): Focus on Healthy Fatty Acids and Technological Properties of Butter." Dairy 5, no. 3 (2024): 555–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/dairy5030042.

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This study aimed to evaluate the fatty acid (FA) profile in milk from commercial farms with varying pasture levels in the diet during spring and fall, and to investigate the physical and chemical properties of butter to assess the impact of FAs on technological and nutritional properties. Milk sampling was conducted biweekly from six farms, categorized into high (HP) and low (LP) pasture treatments based on pasture intake: &gt;60% and &lt;35%, respectively. Butter was made from a pasture-based system (GRZ) and a confined system (C). No differences were observed in milk fat percentage between H
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Aidaros, Anas Al, Charu Sharma, Claus-Dieter Langhans, et al. "Targeted Metabolomic Profiling of Total Fatty Acids in Human Plasma by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry." Metabolites 10, no. 10 (2020): 400. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo10100400.

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This article reports a targeted metabolomic method for total plasma fatty acids (FAs) of clinical or nutritional relevance. Thirty-six saturated, unsaturated, or branched-chain FAs with a chain length of C8-C28 were quantified using reversed-phase liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. FAs in plasma (10 μL) were acid-hydrolyzed, extracted, and derivatized with DAABD-AE (4-[2-(N,N-Dimethylamino)ethylaminosulfonyl]-7-(2-aminoethylamino)-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole) at 60 °C for 1 h. Derivatization resulted in a staggering nine orders of magnitude higher sensitivity compared to underivatized an
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6

Imbs, Andrey B., and Nikolay A. Latyshev. "Fatty acid composition as an indicator of possible sources of nutrition for soft corals of the genusSinularia(Alcyoniidae)." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 92, no. 6 (2012): 1341–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315411001226.

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Fatty acids (FAs) composition of eight zooxanthellate soft corals,Sinularia leptoclados, S. flexibilis, S.aff.deformis, S. lochmodes, S. cf.muralis, S. densa, S. notandaandS. cruciatacollected in Van Phong Bay (Vietnam) were studied to identify possible origin of unsaturated FAs. The main FAs were 14:0, 16:0, 7-Me-16:1n-10, 16:1n-7, 16:2n-7, 18:0, 18:1n-9, 18:4n-3, 20:4n-6, 20:5n-3, 22:6n-3, 24:5n-6 and 24:6n-3. On the average, saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs) contributed 35.6, 6.2 and 54.0% of total coral FAs, respectively. PUFAs of n-6 series predominated in all an
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7

Lu, Ying-Jie, Yong-Mei Zhang, and Charles O. Rock. "Product diversity and regulation of type II fatty acid synthases." Biochemistry and Cell Biology 82, no. 1 (2004): 145–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/o03-076.

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Fatty acid biosynthesis is catalyzed in most bacteria by a group of highly conserved proteins known as the type II fatty acid synthase (FAS II) system. FAS II has been extensively studied in the Escherichia coli model system, and the recent explosion of bioinformatic information has accelerated the investigation of the pathway in other organisms, mostly important human pathogens. All FAS II systems possess a basic set of enzymes for the initiation and elongation of acyl chains. This review focuses on the variations on this basic theme that give rise to the diversity of products produced by the
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8

Al-Beloshei, Noor Essa, Husain Al-Awadhi, Rania A. Al-Khalaf, and Mohammad Afzal. "A comparative study of fatty acid profile and formation of biofilm inGeobacillus gargensisexposed to variable abiotic stress." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 61, no. 1 (2015): 48–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2014-0615.

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Understanding bacterial fatty acid (FA) profile has a great taxonomic significance as well as clinical importance for diagnosis issues. Both the composition and nature of membrane FAs change under different nutritional, biotic and (or) abiotic stresses, and environmental stress. Bacteria produce both odd-carbon as well as branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs). This study was designed to examine the effect of abiotic pressure, including salinity, temperature, pH, and oxinic stress on the growth, development, and FA profile in thermophilic Geobacillus gargensis. Under these stresses, 3 parametric r
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9

Vuille-Lessard, Élise, Naomi Lange, Carlotta Riebensahm, Jean-François Dufour, and Annalisa Berzigotti. "Dietary Interventions in Liver Diseases: Focus on MAFLD and Cirrhosis." Current Hepatology Reports 20, no. 2 (2021): 61–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11901-021-00563-z.

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Abstract Purpose of Review Dietary interventions (DI) aimed at improving overweight and metabolic abnormalities in metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and at reducing malnutrition and sarcopenia in cirrhosis should become part of routine care in hepatology. This review focuses on recent advances in this field. Recent Findings In patients with MAFLD, a gradual reduction, respectively, of 7–10% of body weight if overweight or of 3–5% if lean, obtained by moderately reducing caloric intake, is effective to improve liver disease. Intermittent energy restriction might be an
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10

MacDonald, Gaye E., Rajasekaran R. Lada, Claude D. Caldwell, Chibuike C. Udenigwe, and Mason T. MacDonald. "Linking Changes in Fatty Acid Composition to Postharvest Needle Abscission Resistance in Balsam Fir Trees." Forests 13, no. 5 (2022): 800. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13050800.

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Balsam fir needle retention and fatty acid profile changes due to cold acclimation throughout autumn, but little is known about the relationship between these two phenomena. The objective was to examine differences in FAs in contrasting needle abscission resistant balsam fir genotypes throughout autumn and early winter. Branches from genotypes with low and high needle abscission resistance (NAR) were collected from September to January and analyzed for FA composition. High NAR genotypes retained needles 120–130% longer than low NAR genotypes and NAR increased through autumn in both genotypes.
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11

Tilahun, Mekonnen, Liansheng Zhao, Lingling Sun, et al. "Fresh Phyllanthus emblica (Amla) Fruit Supplementation Enhances Milk Fatty Acid Profiles and the Antioxidant Capacities of Milk and Blood in Dairy Cows." Antioxidants 11, no. 3 (2022): 485. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox11030485.

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The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of a diet supplemented with fresh amla fruit as a natural feed additive on blood metabolic parameters, milk antioxidant capacity, and milk fatty acid (FA) proportions in lactating dairy cows. Eight ruminally cannulated mid-lactation dairy cows were used in a repeated crossover design. The first group of four cows received total mixed ration (TMR) feed without fresh amla fruit (control group). The remaining four cows sequentially supplemented fresh amla fruit (FAF) at three levels (200, 400, then 600 g/d) (treatment group) at 14-day inte
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12

Marosvölgyi, Tamás, Kitti Mintál, Nelli Farkas, et al. "Antibiotics and probiotics-induced effects on the total fatty acid composition of feces in a rat model." Scientific Reports 14, no. 1 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-57046-6.

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AbstractFatty acids (FAs) play important roles as membrane components and signal transduction molecules. Changes in short chain FA (SCFA) composition are associated with gut microbiota modifications. However, the effect of bacteria-driven changes on the detailed FA spectrum has not been explored yet. We investigated the effect of antibiotics (ABx) and/or probiotics, in four treatment groups on rat stool FA composition. Principal component analysis indicated that the chromatogram profiles of the treatment groups differ, which was also observed at different time points. Linear mixed effects mode
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13

Nsiah, Sarah T., Kimberly C. Fabijanczuk, and Scott A. McLuckey. "Structural characterization of fatty acid anions via gas‐phase charge inversion using Mg(tri‐butyl‐terpyridine)22+ reagent ions." Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 38, no. 11 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcm.9741.

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RationaleFree fatty acids and lipid classes containing fatty acid esters are major components of lipidome. In the absence of a chemical derivatization step, FA anions do not yield all of the structural information that may be of interest under commonly used collision‐induced dissociation (CID) conditions. A line of work that avoids condensed‐phase derivatization takes advantage of gas‐phase ion/ion chemistry to charge invert FA anions to an ion type that provides the structural information of interest using conventional CID. This work was motivated by the potential for significant improvement
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14

García-Descalzo, Laura, María Ángeles Lezcano, Daniel Carrizo, and Alberto G. Fairén. "Changes in membrane fatty acids of a halo-psychrophile exposed to magnesium perchlorate and low temperatures: Implications for Mars habitability." Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences 10 (March 7, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fspas.2023.1034651.

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The presence of perchlorate salts in aqueous solutions bears two opposite effects on habitability. On the one hand, perchlorate salts trigger a decrease in the freezing point of the aqueous solutions, resulting in stable aqueous solutions at subzero temperatures, thereby widening the habitable conditions for potential microbial life. On the other hand, the presence of perchlorates in solution imposes a significant osmotic stress that compromises the integrity of microbial cell membranes, thereby restricting the habitable conditions in the same aqueous environment. Here we investigated the surv
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15

Pruitt, Emily L., Rutan Zhang, Dylan H. Ross, et al. "Elucidating the impact of bacterial lipases, human serum albumin, and FASII inhibition on the utilization of exogenous fatty acids by Staphylococcus aureus." mSphere, November 28, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/msphere.00368-23.

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ABSTRACT Staphylococcus aureus only synthesizes straight-chain saturated fatty acids (SCFAs) or branched-chain saturated fatty acids via the type II fatty acid synthesis (FASII) pathway, but as a highly adaptive pathogen, S. aureus can also utilize host-derived exogenous fatty acids (eFAs), including SCFAs and unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). S. aureus secretes three lipases, glycerol ester hydrolase (Geh), S. aureus lipase 1, and SAUSA300_0641, which could release fatty acids from host lipids. Once released, the FAs are phosphorylated by the fatty acid kinase and incorporated into the bacteria
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16

Kirankumar, R., K. S. Jagadeesh, K. C. Narayanswamy, Jaisri, and B. Sannappa. "Evaluation of Integrated Pest Management Modules for the Management of Leafhopper Empoasca flavescent (Fab.) on Castor Ricinus communis." International Journal of Environment and Climate Change, December 29, 2022, 1263–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2022/v12i121565.

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Castor is an important oilseed crop. The castor bean contains about 50-55% oil. Among vegetable oils, castor oil is distinguished by its high content (over 85%) of ricinoleic acid. No other vegetable oil contains so high proportion of fatty hydroxyl acids. Castor oil’s unsaturated bond, high molecular weight (298), low melting point (5°C) and very low solidification point (-12°C to -18°C) makes it industrially useful, most of all for the highest and most stable viscosity of any vegetable oil. The castor plant has a substantial taproot with many lateral branches which can reach a great depth en
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