Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Brazilian’s first republic'
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Santos, Fagner dos. "Bastidores da lei republicana : grupos, posições e divergências nas discussões da Comissão Especial do Congresso acerca do Código Civil (1900-02)." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/31724.
Full textThis work intent discusses the legislative role in the Campos Sales’ government by the meetings occurred between 1900 and 1902 in the Congress’ Special Commission for the analysis of the Brazilian Civil Code of 1917. This polemical process, wanted since the independence, was thought as one of the most important tasks for the executive. In the beginning of the “Politica dos Governadores”, this approach intent perceive the movements of the parliamentarians around deferments points of view, searching for questioning the control from the Legislative by the Executive, suggested by the classical works on this period. Using some prosopographical tools, some definitions on the network analysis and considering the actors intentions in theirs speeches for or against the Project, this work groups the parliamentarians on some different ideas and shows the range of divergences in positioning, showing that the logical for these was the same as the Repertoir, as conceived by Charles Tilly. In the end, expose the role of these actors in the aprovation process to show the centrality assumed by some parliamentarians during this works.
Antonio, Victor Sá Ramalho. "Passe para trás! Os primeiros anos do rúgbi em São Paulo (1891-1933)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8138/tde-15082017-140135/.
Full textThis research aimed to analyse the practice of Rugby Football in São Paulo in its initial, emerging period (1891-1933) and provide elements to question the barriers to the games expansion during the period of Brazils First Republic, in contrast to football. The research identifies and analyses journalistic sources and private archives that shed light on the practice of the sport during the period. These sources were sought to understand the introduction of Rugby Football in the city, in a period characterised by the development of modern sports practices; in a society in constant transformation, in which sport played an important role in the modernisation of urban life. The history of global rugby, from its origins to the intense disputes of the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century, was also analysed through its internal struggles - professionalism versus amateurism, massification and spectacularisation - being understood, in dialogue, with similar disputes occurring within local football in São Paulo.
Rostoldo, Jadir Peçanha. "A cidade republicana na Belle Époque capixaba: espaço urbano, poder e sociedade." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8138/tde-24112009-140816/.
Full textThe main purpose of this study is to delineate scenery of the transformations in the city of Vitória, capital of Espírito Santo State during the period of Brazilians First Republic, showing its historical way. It uses the State Government and its actions as privileged instruments to analyze the changes in urban spaces, investigating social conflicts involved and the vision of the historical subjects. It suggests that the look over the city do not show only the State influence over the construction of this urban space, but it makes an analysis of how the State relates to the society and how it was represented in the urban images. The study is divided in introduction, 5 chapters and final considerations. The first chapter clarifies the methodological support related to the analysis of the cities and the power over them; the second chapter explores the history, profile and political construction of the State Government, considered the most influent subject in the transformation of the urban space of the city of Vitória in that period of time. The 3rd chapter shows the city built by the State Power, revealed in the State Government presented at the State Congress. In 4th chapter, the study analyses the peoples petitions sent to the superior administration and also the local laws of this period related to the city. The 5th chapter answers the questions: how did the people express themselves in the petitions? How did the local administration behave? The study concludes that the State Government was the main historical subject to the transformations of the urban space of Vitória in the period of First Republic. In this process, the power was exerted by the State Government, personified by the State Governor. The local administration also had its performance portion acting as co adjuvant and always subordinated by the State Government. The society was not a distant part of this process but its action, was restricted to its quotidian and immediate needs.
Lanna, Beatriz Duarte. "Crédito e imperialismo na economia brasileira: o caso das companhias de seguros (1889-1914)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8137/tde-09052018-114849/.
Full textThis dissertation deals with the performance of insurance companies in Brazil between 1889 and 1914. It seeks to present the wide insertion of these companies in the brazilian economy; it is concluded that in addition to the insurance concession, these firms had an active financial participation, granting credit and financing the Brazilian State through the continuous purchase of federal public debt policies. We sought to emphasize the transition from a commercial to a financial dynamic, proven by insurance companies especially since the 1890s, and also show how the insurance activity of that time was influenced by the new conditions of global capitalism.
Nery, Pedro. "Arte, pátria e civilização: a formação dos acervos artísticos do Museu Paulista e da Pinacoteca do Estado de São Paulo (1893-1912)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/103/103131/tde-29102015-120926/.
Full textThe thesis aims to analyze the formation of the artistic collection of the State of São Paulo, between the years 1893 and1912, dealing with its history under the scope of the establishment of the Republic and the establishment of institutions of storage and exhibition of artistic objects. It sheds light on the first acquisitions for the Museu Paulista (Ipiranga Monument) between 1893 and 1904, the transfer of a portion of these works of art to found the Pinacoteca do Estado de São Paulo in 1905 and the enlargement of the collection of that institution until 1912, when its activities became regulated. These acquisitions have occurred during the economic and political rise of the state of São Paulo, when its leaders began to establish new perspectives on the history of São Paulo in confluence with this privileged situation. The thesis seeks to understand the historicity of acquisitions together with the discourses of the founding fathers of the State of São Paulo, analyzing the historical articulations of building civic narratives through art collections. It also seeks to shed light on connections between the formation of the collection and its several contexts: museological, historiographic and of the Brazilian artistic production. The trajectory of the collection is perceived in relation to a formative nexus of an artistic field in São Paulo, since its constitution allows to also observe movements of the field, until the museum becomes effectively an official part of the art scene in the metropolis. Investigating the historical movement of value assignment and craved public representations by politicians, artists and the public opinion of its time, the research seeks to understand the insertion of the museum\'s collection in the artistic, political and institutional culture of São Paulo between the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
Oliveira, Paulo Roberto de. "Um caminho voltado para dentro: o circuito goiano e o comércio entre Goiás e São Paulo na Primeira República." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8137/tde-24042014-114057/.
Full textThe present work deals with trade between the states of Goiás and São Paulo during the First Republic, this trade done through an important commercial circuit that has intensified since the last decades of the nineteenth century and early twentieth century, with the expansion of the coffee in São Paulo state and the unfolding of its transport sector towards Goiás, through Mogiana Railroads, continued by Goiás Railroad, the transportation of Paulista sector unfolded, making the State of Goiás a region in which the coffee complex turned to in times when São Paulo production passed through setbacks . In this context, when the state economy increased the demand for products that Goiás could provide - mainly cattle and rice - Goiás circuit reacted by increasing their production. Thus , while the Paulistas could turn to Goiás, Goiás people found themselves linked to the most dynamic regional economic period , where they found large market for their products , making it one of the largest producers of cattle and rice in Brazil in the 1920s . To conduct the study, we found a large group of sources , which are the main messages from the Presidents of the State of Goiás, São Paulo and Minas Gerais - since the goiano circuit crossed Triangulo Mineiro - reports on the involved railroads, local newspapers, minutes of municipalities, postmortem inventories etc.
Zulini, Jaqueline Porto. "Modos do bom governo na Primeira República brasileira: o papel do parlamento no regime de 1889-1930." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8131/tde-02122016-121222/.
Full textThe literature on the Brazilian First Republic (1891-1930) usually claims that the parliament lacked political power, due to an agreement made between President Campos Sales and state governors that prevented the oppositions from gaining representation in the federal legislature. A well-known thesis in the political historiography links the authoritarian nature of the regime to the effects of that pact, known as politics of governors. This dissertation assesses the supposed passivity of parliamentarians elected from 1900 on, by analyzing the party composition of the national Congress and the legislative behavior of representatives in some crucial issues, based on the study of the Chamber of Deputies. The research hypothesis is rooted on the classic interpretation and assumes that the House did not constitute an important decision-making arena for building consensuses, which were guaranteed beforehand. The results of the analyses reported in this dissertation are counterintuitive and show that the state benches of the eleven legislatures between 1900 and 1930 tended to be single-party, but did not act with unanimity, cohesion and subordination to the recommendations of the government, giving room to obstructions and defeats of the Executive. Definitely, the parliament was not a marginal player in the regime as is frequently claimed, but was rather a forum for negotiations with important consequences for governability.
Pivatto, Priscila Maddalozzo. "Idéias impressas: o direito e a história na doutrina constitucional brasileira na primeira república." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2134/tde-08092011-102906/.
Full textThe books published during the Brazilian first republic that developed studies based on the new political and legal settings introduced in the country after the promulgation of the constitution of 1891 can be considered as objects of consumption that acted as keepers of the Brazilian constitutional doctrine. These materials sought to provide continuity and sustainability to the constitutional thought, making efforts to consolidate the constitutional creations and debates caught in discursive struggles coming from varied spheres. The discourses constructed by the authors are included within a broad context in which different elements and actors have performed as mediators between the text of the writer and reader reception. Thus, the books are not understood so idealized as pure text, but as final products whose materiality and reality of the publishing industry have also determined the forms of presentation and internal structuring of the content addressed. The research examines the books of constitutional law published during the first republic from these two main points. Initially, working on information related to the materiality of texts, considering aspects of the production and circulation of these books, as well as pre-textual elements that have brought important issues to understanding. Subsequently, it focuses on the discourses made by the authors around two specific constitutional issues, the federalism and the state of siege, and how they built their texts and arguments and structured and presented to readers. In both aspects of the publishing industry of the period and in the discourse analysis of the prefaces and addressing specific issues of federalism and the state of siege, it was revealed that in the initial time of Brazilian republican history, these books acted by building, consolidating and disseminating new standards, new understandings and new ways of designing the world and the daily practice, teaching and indoctrinating citizens in accordance with the republican structures. Whereas the book is an attempt to explain, interpret, disseminate and consolidate the Brazilian constitution, in a format that encourages their use by a wide range of readers, the role it plays in society is crucial, as it reflects in the social and institutional understandings of the country about Law.
Oliveira, Lucas Goulart. "Coerção e consenso: a questão social, o federalismo e o legislar sobre o trabalho na Primeira República (1891-1926)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8131/tde-16032016-133752/.
Full textThis dissertation deals with the social question and labor and pension legislation in the Brazilian First Republic and it comprehends the period of the 1891 Constitution until its review in 1926. Taking as a starting point primary sources such as the Anais da Câmara dos Deputados and the Diários do Congresso Nacional, as well as mainstream and working class contemporary newspapers, we seek to demonstrate what Federalism is. We also aim to determine how the disputes between the regional elites are more relevant to the late approval of social legislation at federal level by the parliamentary elite than a defensive character of legislators or a docile and inert behavior concerning the legislative power, subservient to the executive power.
Ruocco, Andrea Ramon. "As formulações de nação na trajetória de Graça Aranha." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/152518.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
O autor José Pereira da Graça Aranha, maranhense nascido em 1868, formado em Direito pela Escola do Recife e falecido em 1931, teve seu primeiro livro – o romance Chanaan – publicado em 1902; exerceu funções diplomáticas na Europa; foi membro da Academia Brasileira de Letras rompendo posteriormente com a mesma; participou da Semana de Arte Moderna discursando em sua abertura; e publicou obras distintas em gêneros e estilos. É, entretanto, um personagem pouco estudado pela historiografia literária. Além de caminhar no sentido de sanar esta lacuna, esta pesquisa não poderia ter encontrado um material mais oportuno e rico naquilo que se propõe: discutir as diversas formulações de nação que percorreram o território brasileiro no início do século XX, marcado pela ainda recente República e sob as discussões da Primeira Grande Guerra. Nestas obras, onde adere e/ou cria opções estéticas específicas para determinados discursos, três formulações se pronunciam de antemão: germanismo, latinidade e nacionalismo. Porém, entre posicionamentos aparentemente díspares, encontramos permanências, como a admiração de Aranha pela literatura alemã, pelas ideias nietzschianas e a preocupação com o universalismo. Para tanto, esta pesquisa discute alguns conceitos e perspectivas teóricas a propósito da produção cultural na qual Graça Aranha se insere, questionando a noção de “pré-modernismo” e a recente adoção de “literatura da Belle Époque”, e experimentando exercícios como o de José Paulo Paes ao reconhecer uma art nouveau na literatura. Acerca destas questões, a pesquisa perpassa outras duas importantíssimas: a exploração da literatura pela História e o trabalho com um personagem/autor que, como a temática da nação, nos leva a discussões acerca de narrativas e, por conseguinte, de linguagens. Inspirado na premissa de Mikhail Bakhtin na qual forma e conteúdo são indissociáveis na composição do discurso e a noção de trajetória adotada por Pierre Bourdieu, o presente trabalho se debruça sobre “a nação” como um construto não uníssono, modificado ao longo do tempo, mas também plural em discursos coexistentes, por vezes intercruzando formulações antagônicas, por vezes consonantes, e identificando Aranha como não sendo uma exceção.
The author José Pereira da Graça Aranha, born in 1868, graduated in Law School by the Escola de Recife and died in 1931. He had his first book - the novel Chanaan - published in 1902; he also had diplomatic duties in Europe and was a member of the Brazilian Academy of Letters, which he later broke apart with; He participated in the Week of Modern Art making an opening speech and published different works in genres and styles. He does however receive little attention by the literary historiography. Beyond the need to fill this gap, this research couldn’t find a richer material for what it proposes: to discuss the diverse formulations of nation present throughout the Brazilian territory during the early twentieth century, marked by the still young Republic and by the discussions around the First World War. In these works, where he deliberately creates or adopts specifics aesthetical choices for certain discourses, three formulations are pronounced in advance: Germanism, Latinity and nationalism. However, among seemingly disparate positions, permanencies are found, such as Aranha's admiration for German literature, for Nietzschean ideas and a concern for universalism. To do so, this research discusses theoretical concepts and perspectives about the cultural production in which Graça Aranha is inserted, questioning a notion of "premodernism" and a recent adoption of "Belle Époque literature", and trying exercises such as that of José Paulo Paes in recognizing an art nouveau in literature. Around those points, the research brings another two important aspects: the use of literature by History and working with a persona/author that leads us to discussions on narratives and therefore languages. Inspired by Mikhail Bakhtin's premise in which form and content are indissociable in the composition of a discourse and the notion of trajectory adopted by Pierre Bourdieu, the present research focuses on "the nation" as a non-unison construct, modified over time but also plural in coexistent discourses, sometimes interbreeding antagonistic, sometimes consonant formulations, and identifying Aranha as not being an exception.
CAPES: 1526690
Silva, Marcel Pereira da. "Nos trilhos da incerteza: a Rede Sul Mineira no contexto ferroviário brasileiro (1910 - 1934)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8137/tde-19092018-144601/.
Full textThis work has the objective of analyzing the trajectory of a railway transport company, basically located in the South of Minas Gerais, and formed in 1910. Between 1910 and 1920, a lease contract was executed between the federal government and the Companhia Viação Férrea Sapucaí. This company changed its name to Companhia de Estradas de Ferro Federais, CEFFB - Rede Sul Mineira, and managed its lines along with the lines of the other two leased companies, Companhia Estrada de Ferro Muzambinho and Estrada de Ferro Minas e Rio. With a lot of expectation and a few actions, the financial performance of Rede Sul Mineira proved to be poor, mainly due to the increase in operating costs, instability in coffee transportation, competition with other railroads (mainly with Companhia Mogiana de Estradas de Ferro), which also built branches in the region) and the outbreak of World War I, a reality that also encompassed other Brazilian railroads. The result was deteriorating traffic conditions and french loans, which further burdened the company\'s fragile financial framework. At the same time, as a specific condition of Rede Sul Mineira, we perceive that the relationship between government men, foreign capital and the company\'s business has taken on an intense and troubled dimension, not being an exclusivity of the present day. Since the South of Minas Gerais became a \"nursery\" for politicians who commanded the state government and even occupied the Presidency of the Republic, the professional politicians\' performance in its administration was constant, and reproduced the clashes registered in times of elections. Between 1920 and 1921, the federal government rescinded the contract and warded the company. Between 1921 and 1922, the Union entered into an agreement with the state of Minas Gerais to lease the railroad south of Minas Gerais, at a time when the state has considerably expanded its participation in the administration of railroads. Thus, between 1922 and early 1931, the company had the name changed to Rede de Viação Sul Mineira. Despite the worsening financial performance, these years were marked by an attempt to improve services and traffic regularity. In 1931, a new lease was made between the União and Minas Gerais, when the Rede Mineira de Viação (RMV) was created. In addition to the Sul de Mineira Road Network, which was renamed Estrada de Ferro Sul de Minas, the RMV was also composed of the Estrada de Ferro Oeste de Minas (EFOM, formerly administered by the federal government) and Paracatu Railroad, which was incorporated to EFOM and was already administered by the Minas government. As indicated by the sources, the roads that formed the Rede Mineira de Viação survived with relative autonomy until 1934, the limit year of this research. Also in the same year, the first Plano Nacional Geral de Viação was published, which in a way represented a change in the way the Union tried to give it the issue of transport in the country.
Souza, Pablo Braulio de. "Vida Paulista (1903-1905): semanário ilustrado de humorismo, crítica e arte." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8138/tde-14032014-095439/.
Full textVida Paulista illustrated weekly magazine of humor, criticism and art was published in São Paulo (city) between 1903 and 1905. By that time, graphic industry was expanding and journalism was converting into a profitable enterprise, following the urban and commercial development of the main cities of Brazil. At São Paulos capital, since the last decade of nineteenth century, the periodical press proliferated and assumed various functions. Vida Paulista delimited its own scope by the trinomial humor, criticism and art, even though it addressed several issues and defended a program based on a good judgment of their reviews and independence of opinion. The heads of the magazine intended to make it a kaleidoscope of the multiform and cosmopolitan way of living of Brazils artistic capital. At the beginning of the twentieth century, the state of São Paulo and its capital went through major transformations and worked as stage for several plots, of which Vida Paulista was witness and agent. In this work, we seek to present the illustrated weekly magazine founded by Arlindo Leal and Peregrino de Castro, make it available in digital form for future researches and offer ways with no ambition to deplete the unlimited possibilities to read Vida Paulista as a source of knowledge about the past. Our goal is to foster the magazine with some assumptions that are needed for its utilization as historical document, restoring part of the intelligibility that time and oblivion has removed from it.
Godoy, Clayton Peron Franco de. "Ação direta: transnacionalismo, visibilidade e latência na formação do movimento anarquista em São Paulo (1892-1908)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8132/tde-31102013-113021/.
Full textThis thesis is for the purpose of investigating the dynamics of anarchist activism formation in the city of São Paulo between the years of 1892 and 1908, relating it to certain transnational dimensions of anarchism. By characterizing anarchism as a social movement, the sociological instruments are used aiming at grasping the relationship between its public action as a challenger against the emergent regime and economic field and its concealed actions together with popular classes. Thereby, the intention is to demonstrate that anarchism was simultaneously one of the actors responsible for updating the repertoire of political contention in the rising Republic and an important character in structuring an autonomous, resistance culture among popular classes. The central argument of the research is that comprehension of the grounds and strategic options of anarchist movement in São Paulo throughout this period is fully achieved only when both the political and social setting and the connections between local groups and transnational anarchism are elucidated. Movement formation was divided into three periods: Between the years of 1892 and 1897, in the setting of republican regime structuring, the activists participated in the institution of the socialist field as political reference, established their interpretive frames and were acknowledged as sociopolitical actors by allies and oppositionists. Between 1898 and 1903, in the setting of republican regime consolidation, anarchists were successful in constituting mobilization structures, in establishing a libertarian culture and in preserving the movements collective identity. At last, between 1904 and 1908, in the setting of popular pressure on the republican regime and economic field, anarchist groups decisively instituted their strategic guidelines. The movement has internally diversified, but not dismantling its collective identity. Its groups established a division of the activism work, but proceeded guided by common interpretive frames and kept their actions coordinated in the visible and latent dimensions of the movement.
Benedetti, Nildo Maximo. "Sagarana: o Brasil de Guimarães Rosa." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8149/tde-04072008-111149/.
Full textThe objective of this work is to demonstrate that the collection of the nine Sagarana tales has a unified content. The book\'s central theme is a representation of Brazil during the First Republic. I reached this conclusion after analyzing Luiz Dagobert de Aguirra Roncari´s general ideas presented at a graduate course at the Universidade de São Paulo (USP) in the second semester of 2005. This conclusion places Guimarães Rosa amongst the intellectuals who dealt with the heated issues of the first half of the twentieth century that were focused on studying Brazil with the objective to improving the country. Additionally, this work intends to show that the awareness of that central theme is indispensable for the total comprehension of Sagarana.
Costa, Roger Renilto Diniz. "Entre a história e o mito : Oliveira Lima e a construção de heróis nacionais monarquistas pela historiografia." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, 2016. http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/1729.
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This study aims to lecture about the historiography of Manuel de Oliveira Lima in view of the representation of the emperors of Brazil as national heroes during the First Republic. To this end, our emphasis is to analyze some books of the historian Oliveira Lima in which his historiographical discourse turns to the Brazilian imperial past highlighting the role of governments as heroic and praising them in epic way in his narrative. Methodologically we conceive the historiography as a discourse for the purpose of analyzing it in its historicity, that is, addressing context of production and its discursive articulation. The reflection by us developed is back to the question of the constitution of Brazilian nationality, recurrent literate in production of the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century. In the analysis, we established a dialogue with other historians who have dedicated themselves to researching the life path of Oliveira Lima, and on other aspects, their historiography. We analyzed five works of Oliveira Lima, specifically: Dom João VI no Brasil; Formação Histórica da Nacionalidade Brasileira; O Império Brasileiro (1821-1889); O Movimento da Independência (1821-1822) e Historia Diplomatica do Brazil: O Reconhecimento do Imperio
Este trabalho tem por objetivo dissertar sobre a historiografia de Manuel de Oliveira Lima tendo em vista a representação dos imperadores do Brasil como heróis nacionais durante a Primeira República. Para tanto, nossa ênfase é analisar algumas obras do historiador Oliveira Lima nas quais seu discurso historiográfico se volta ao passado imperial brasileiro destacando a atuação dos governantes como heroica e enaltecendo-os de forma épica em sua narrativa. Metodologicamente, concebemos a historiografia como um discurso, para fins de analisá-lo em sua historicidade, isto é, abordar seu contexto de produção e sua articulação interna. A reflexão por nós realizada se volta, portanto, à questão da constituição da nacionalidade brasileira, recorrente na produção letrada dos fins do século XIX e no início do século XX. Na análise, estabelecemos um diálogo com outros historiadores que se dedicaram à pesquisar a trajetória de vida de Oliveira Lima e, sobre outros aspectos, sua historiografia. Analisamos cinco obras de Oliveira Lima, especificamente: Dom João VI no Brasil; Formação Histórica da Nacionalidade Brasileira; O Império Brasileiro (1821-1889); O Movimento da Independência (1821-1822) e Historia Diplomatica do Brazil: O Reconhecimento do Imperio
Carvalho, Daniel Alencar de. "DialÃtica do descompasso: os tempos de Monteiro Lobato na composiÃÃo da naÃÃo brasileira (1914-1927)." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2016. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=16585.
Full textEsta pesquisa analisa os tempos de Monteiro Lobato na composiÃÃo da naÃÃo brasileira, entre 1914-1927. O escritor entendia desigualdades socioeconÃmicas e culturais intrÃnsecas à crescente inclusÃo do paÃs na economia capitalista, integrando os rincÃes mais remotos ao frenesi da oferta, da demanda e da concorrÃncia, a partir de conceitos temporais, evidenciando os diversos ritmos de transformaÃÃo da sociedade brasileira. Nesta visÃo, o passado à algo anacrÃnico, atrasado e ultrapassado; o futuro à o âamanhÃâ, o moderno e o progresso. Havia uma tensÃo entre o espaÃo de experiÃncia, ou seja, os caboclos do interior, as âcidades mortasâ e a misÃria dos sertÃes e o horizonte de expectativa, a sucessÃo de desenvolvimentos tecnolÃgicos, o adiantamento norte-americano e os princÃpios da prosperidade de Henry Ford, conforme as categorias de Reinhart Koselleck. Desta maneira, investigo os projetos elaborados no intuito de cadenciar os tempos da naÃÃo e, enfim, construir a comunidade imaginada Brasil, isto Ã, naÃÃo onde os âjecasâ seriam integrados ao progresso atravÃs de novas condiÃÃes de trabalho. O universo ficcional do SÃtio do Picapau Amarelo tambÃm foi espaÃo onde Monteiro Lobato (re)aproximou passado/futuro ou tradicional/moderno, retirando o carÃter antitÃtico destes conceitos e encontrando sua sÃntese. As obras completas de Monteiro Lobato, sobretudo, incluindo contos, romance, jornalismo e crÃtica, textos esparsos e correspondÃncia, constituem as fontes da dissertaÃÃo.
This research analyses Monteiro Lobatoâs times in the composition of the Brazilian nation, between the years 1914-1927. The writer understood socioeconomic cultural inequalities inherent to the increasing inclusion of the country in the capitalist economy, integrating the most remote corners of the country to the frenzy of the offer, the demand and the competition, through temporal concepts, highlighting the different cadences of the transformation of the Brazilian society. According to this view, the past is something anachronistic, backward and obsolete; the future is âtomorrowâ, the modern and the progress. There was a tension between the space of experience related to the caboclos from blackland, âdead citiesâ and the misery in the backlands and the horizon of expectation represented by the sequence of technological developments, the North American advance and Henry Fordâs principles of prosperity according to Reinhart Koselleckâ s categories. So, I investigate the elaborate projects in order to cadence the time of the nation and finally build the imagined community called Brazil as a nation where the âjecasâ would be integrated to the progress through new conditions of work. Monteiro Lobato, through the fictional universe of the Yellow Woodpecker Farm, (re)connected past/future or traditional/modern, removing unethical aspects of these concepts and finding their synthesis. Monteiro Lobatoâs complete works constitute the sources of this dissertation as his short stories, novel, journalistic texts, stories and texts about art critic.
Arruda, Pedro Gustavo Fernandes Fassoni. "O imperialismo e a dominação burguesa na primeira república brasileira (1889-1930)." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2007. http://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/2729.
Full textAt the end of XIX century and beginning of XX century, important transformations had occurred in the economy, in society and in Brazilian politics. The agromercantile economy, focused on the export of primary products, had in coffee its main source of foreign exchange. The development of coffee economy, that was constituted as axle of the capitalist accumulation of the period, also demanded the improvement of the transport systems and the infrastructure of services and communications, placing the problem of the concentration and the centralization of capitals. Estimating a certain international division of the work, the imperialism penetrated in Brazil and abroached the most dynamic sectors, exporting capitals and goods and contributing, to a certain extent, for the development of the local industry. Internally, it was verified the political hegemony of coffee bourgeoisie, when farmers constituted the partner-minors of the financial oligarchy and of the high commercial bourgeoisie. The legal political system was adjusted to the modus operandi of the agroexport economy, in which the development of the productive forces was quite unsatisfactory. Despite the bourgeois institucional frame (representative government, separation of powers, economic freedom, guarantee of the private property, free work etc.), there was a weak development of the capitalism in terms of production. The excludent liberalism of the First Republic, that had excluded most of the population of the political partcipation in strict sense, it was a consequence of an extremely closed system, that practically prevented any alteration in the balance of power within the established rules, formally or tacitly. The ideology of a essentially agriculturist country was one of founded way to confer legitimacy to a politicaleconomic model which condemned the country to the delay and to the subordination front of the great imperialist powers
No final do século XIX e começo do século XX, importantes transformações ocorreram na economia, na sociedade e na política brasileiras. A economia agromercantil, voltada para a exportação de produtos primários, tinha no café a sua principal fonte de divisas. O desenvolvimento da economia cafeeira, que se constituiu como eixo da acumulação capitalista do período, exigia também o aparelhamento dos sistemas de transporte e da infraestrutura de serviços e comunicações, colocando o problema da concentração e da centralização dos capitais. Pressupondo uma certa divisão internacional do trabalho, o imperialismo penetrava no Brasil e açambarcava os setores mais dinâmicos, exportando capitais e mercadorias e contribuindo, até certo ponto, para o desenvolvimento da indústria local. Internamente, verificava-se a hegemonia política da burguesia cafeeira, sendo que os fazendeiros eram os sócios-menores da oligarquia financeira e da alta burguesia comercial. O sistema jurídico-político ajustava-se ao modus operandi da economia agroexportadora, em que o desenvolvimento das forças produtivas era bastante acanhado. Apesar da moldura institucional burguesa (governo representativo, separação de poderes, liberdade econômica, garantia da propriedade privada, trabalho livre etc.), havia um fraco desenvolvimento do capitalismo ao nível da produção. O liberalismo excludente da Primeira República, que alijava a maior parte da população do jogo político em sentido estrito, era uma consequência de um sistema extremamente fechado, que praticamente impedia qualquer alteração do equilíbrio de poder dentro das regras estabelecidas, formal ou tacitamente. A ideologia do país essencialmente agrícola era uma das fórmulas encontradas para conferir legitimidade a um modelo político-econômico que condenava o país ao atraso e à subordinação diante das grandes potências imperialistas
Larsen, Juliane Cristina. "Republicana, moderna e cosmopolita: a música de concerto no Rio de Janeiro entre 1889 e 1914." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/27/27157/tde-17092018-171706/.
Full textThis thesis analyzes the emergence of Brazilian musical modernity between the years 1889 and 1914. It analyzes the discourses that the Brazilian traditional panoramic historiography has elaborated about art music of that period, and analyzes the discourses produced at the time. It notes that the initiatives for the technical and stylistic art music\'s updating have risen in response to an official politics of modernization of fine arts, which had Europe as a model of civilization. It also notes that the culture of the Republican elites has used the practice of art music as a mechanism of social distinction. It concludes that the interactions between elitist conceptions about music, racial theories, evolutionism, and cosmopolitanism have legitimized exclusionary cultural practices, reaffirming social hierarchies. These interactions have resulted in a deepening gap between art music and the public, in the affirmation of hierarchies between musical genres, in the valorization of autonomy\'s notion of the musical work and in the maintenance of links with European music, preventing the emergence of vanguard movements counter-hegemonic in Brazil in the early twentieth Century.
Gilioli, Renato de Sousa Porto. "Civilizando pela música: a pedagogia do canto orfeônico na escola paulista da Primeira República (1910-1930)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/48/48134/tde-19122012-143551/.
Full textThis research studies the Orpheonic Singing project in public schools of São Paulo State in the 1910s and 1920s. At that time, the men who idealized such initiative João Gomes Junior, Carlos Alberto Gomes Cardim, Fabiano Lozano, Lázaro Lozano, Honorato Faustino e João Baptista Julião were pioneers in bringing to Brazilian schools this kind of musical teaching. Despite of that, many of them have been largely forgotten or, at least, have had their role minimized in Brazilian history of music education. This project intended to civilize social customs, with the objective of building national identity, and to teach a point of earring tied to the standards of western erudite music tradition. Musical teaching experiences and axioms of the 1910s and 1920s decades were especially important for they were the main source used by Villa-Lobos to become Orpheonic Singing a national phenomenon in the 1930s in Brazil.