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1

Aruna, Poojary, Patil Priyanka, and Rohra Seema. "Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Related Coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov2) Infection Among Doctors and Nurses After Introduction of Vaccination - A Tertiary Care Experience from Mumbai." International Journal Of Medical Science And Clinical Research Studies 03, no. 01 (2023): 49–55. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7546192.

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<strong>Introduction :</strong> &nbsp; Acute Respiratory Syndrome related Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) is a novel Coronavirus causing the current pandemic. Among all the efforts to curtail the pandemic, vaccination is an important pillar towards halting transmission and reducing morbidity and mortality due to this disease. SARS-CoV2 has affected healthcare professionals (HCPs) globally . HCPs were a priority group that was vaccinated in the first phase in India. No vaccine is 100% effective. The effectiveness of the SARS-CoV2 vaccine in this high risk group needs to be studied. &nbsp; <strong>Obj
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2

Mohamed, Amal H., and Nagla Abdalghani. "The prevalence of breakthrough infection among healthcare workers post-coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination in Jazan Region: A retrospective study." Saudi Journal for Health Sciences 14, no. 1 (2025): 42–48. https://doi.org/10.4103/sjhs.sjhs_116_24.

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Background: It has been reported that vaccination with several vaccines has been associated with significant infections after immunization, despite being one of the most effective strategies against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Aims: The aim of this study was to examine the incidence of postvaccination breakthrough infection, manifestations, and disease severity. Setting and Design: This study examines the incidence of breakthrough infection after COVID-19 vaccination among medical staff at Al-Hayat Hospital in the Jazan Region of Saudi Arabia. Participants must have received at least
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Fine, Sydney, Kellee Necaise, Alexandra Hayward, and Anurag Malani. "SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections among hospitalized patients in southeastern Michigan." Antimicrobial Stewardship & Healthcare Epidemiology 2, S1 (2022): s40—s41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ash.2022.133.

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Background: As of January 2022, more than 57 million cases of COVID-19 have been reported in the United States. Three primary COVID-19 vaccines are widely available: Pfizer (BNT162b2), Moderna (mRNA-1273), and Johnson &amp; Johnson’s-Janssen (JNJ-78436735). The vaccines are effective but do not prevent all infections. We investigated trends in type of vaccine receipt, demographic characteristics, and disease outcomes in COVID-19 breakthrough infections among hospitalized patients. Methods: A breakthrough case is defined as the detection of SARS-CoV-2 ≥14 days after completion of all doses of a
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Nelli, Fabrizio, Agnese Fabbri, Antonella Virtuoso, et al. "Effects of Antibody Response after Booster Vaccination on SARS-CoV-2 Breakthrough Infections and Disease Outcomes in Advanced Cancer Patients: A Prospective Analysis of the Vax-on-Third Study." Current Oncology 30, no. 5 (2023): 5103–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/curroncol30050386.

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(1) Background: The clinical implications of COVID-19 outbreaks following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in immunocompromised recipients are a worldwide concern. Cancer patients on active treatment remain at an increased risk of developing breakthrough infections because of waning immunity and the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants. There is a paucity of data on the effects of COVID-19 outbreaks on long-term survival outcomes in this population. (2) Methods: We enrolled 230 cancer patients who were on active treatment for advanced disease and had received booster dosing of an mRNA-BNT162b2 vaccine as pa
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van den Berg, Jesse M., Marieke T. Blom, Jetty A. Overbeek, Sharon Remmelzwaal, Ron M. C. Herings, and Petra J. M. Elders. "Rates of SARS-CoV-2 Breakthrough Infection or Severe COVID-19 and Associated Risk Factors After Primary and Booster Vaccination Against COVID-19 in the Netherlands." Vaccines 13, no. 6 (2025): 564. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines13060564.

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Background: The effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines appears to decline rapidly over time due to waning immunity and immune evasion by emerging variants of concern, and may be reduced in high-risk populations. We aimed to evaluate the rates of SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection or severe COVID-19, both in individuals who had completed their primary COVID-19 vaccination, and in those who had received their first booster vaccination. Specifically, we aimed to evaluate whether persons with certain risk factors, such as age, gender, socioeconomic status (SES), and specified comorbidities have an incr
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Lang, Raynell, Elizabeth Humes, Sally B. Coburn, et al. "Analysis of Severe Illness After Postvaccination COVID-19 Breakthrough Among Adults With and Without HIV in the US." JAMA Network Open 5, no. 10 (2022): e2236397. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.36397.

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ImportanceUnderstanding the severity of postvaccination SARS-CoV-2 (ie, COVID-19) breakthrough illness among people with HIV (PWH) can inform vaccine guidelines and risk-reduction recommendations.ObjectiveTo estimate the rate and risk of severe breakthrough illness among vaccinated PWH and people without HIV (PWoH) who experience a breakthrough infection.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn this cohort study, the Corona-Infectious-Virus Epidemiology Team (CIVET-II) collaboration included adults (aged ≥18 years) with HIV who were receiving care and were fully vaccinated by June 30, 2021, along w
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Saharia, Kapil, Judy Streit, Susan E. Beekmann, et al. "926. COVID-19 Infections After SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 8, Supplement_1 (2021): S555. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofab466.1121.

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Abstract Background Solid organ transplant recipients (SOTR) have lower humoral responses following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Whether this equates to reduced vaccine effectiveness in SOTR or impacts disease severity is not yet known. We used the IDSA Emerging Infections Network (EIN) to identify SARS-CoV-2 cases in vaccinated SOTR. We describe their clinical characteristics and outcomes. Methods On 4/7/21, we requested case reports via the EIN listserv of COVID-19 infection following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in immunocompromised individuals. Case reports were collected until June 7th. Online data
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8

Stowe, Julia, Elizabeth Miller, Nick Andrews, and Heather J. Whitaker. "Risk of myocarditis and pericarditis after a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine booster and after COVID-19 in those with and without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection: A self-controlled case series analysis in England." PLOS Medicine 20, no. 6 (2023): e1004245. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1004245.

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Background An increased risk of myocarditis or pericarditis after priming with mRNA Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines has been shown but information on the risk post-booster is limited. With the now high prevalence of prior Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, we assessed the effect of prior infection on the vaccine risk and the risk from COVID-19 reinfection. Methods and findings We conducted a self-controlled case series analysis of hospital admissions for myocarditis or pericarditis in England between 22 February 2021 and 6 February 2022 in the
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Gilboa, Mayan, Tal Gonen, Noam Barda, et al. "Factors Associated With Protection From SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant Infection and Disease Among Vaccinated Health Care Workers in Israel." JAMA Network Open 6, no. 5 (2023): e2314757. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.14757.

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ImportanceA correlation between antibody levels and risk of infection has been demonstrated for the wild-type, Alpha, and Delta SARS-COV-2 variants. High rates of breakthrough infections by the Omicron variant emphasized the need to investigate whether the humoral response elicited by mRNA vaccines is also associated with reduced risk of Omicron infection and disease.ObjectiveTo investigate whether the high antibody levels in individuals who have received at least 3 doses of an mRNA vaccine are associated with reduced risk of Omicron infection and disease.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis
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10

Ørbo, H., K. H. Bjørlykke, J. Sexton, et al. "OP0080 INCIDENCE AND CLINICAL OUTCOME OF COVID-19 RELATED TO POST-VACCINATION ANTIBODY LEVELS IN PATIENTS ON IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE THERAPY: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY IN THE OMICRON ERA." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 82, Suppl 1 (2023): 55–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2023-eular.1868.

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BackgroundPatients with immune mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) on immunosuppressive therapies are known to be at greater risk of severe COVID-19 disease, hospitalisation and death. Protective levels of anti-Spike antibodies following vaccination are yet to be determined.ObjectivesTo examine whether post-vaccination anti-Spike antibody levels were predictive of breakthrough infection and the clinical outcome of COVID-19.MethodsThe Nor-vaC study is a prospective cohort study that includes IMID patients on immunosuppressive therapies[1]. In the present analyses we included patients who pro
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Arumuham, *Atheeshaan, Yuya Mizuno, Oisin O'brien, et al. "VACCINE RESPONSE AND IMMUNITY IN PATIENTS WITH PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS: PROSPECTIVE STUDY OF SARS-COV-2 AND PNEUMOCOCCAL VACCINATION." International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology 28, Supplement_1 (2025): i89—i90. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijnp/pyae059.153.

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Abstract Background Schizophrenia is associated with excess mortality compared to the general population for both COVID-19 and pneumonia (1,2). Immune dysfunction may play a role in poorer outcomes. Schizophrenia has been associated with altered serum cytokine levels (3) and blunted response to vaccines relative to healthy controls (4). Patients with psychotic disorders have an increased risk of COVID-19 infection despite vaccination (5). Aims &amp; Objectives We tested the hypothesis that COVID-19 vaccine response is lower in schizophrenia relative to controls. With clozapine reported to have
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Kumar S, Nanjesh, Amit Kumar Rao, and Lavannya Mary Thayil. "COVID-19 Vaccine Breakthrough Infections Among Healthcare Workers in A Tertiary Care Hospital in Coastal Karnataka, India – A Prospective Cohort Study." National Journal of Community Medicine 15, no. 03 (2024): 199–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.55489/njcm.150320243620.

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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in significant mortality and morbidity globally. The introduction of various COVID-19 vaccines at record time generated hope among people and doubts and apprehension regarding their safety. The study was done to estimate the incidence of COVID-19 vaccine breakthrough infections among Health Care Workers working in a tertiary care hospital and evaluate the outcome of these infections. Methods: A prospective Cohort study was conducted among 6342 healthcare workers in a tertiary care hospital having received at least one dose of any COVID-19 vaccine. The
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13

Stouten, Veerle, Pierre Hubin, Freek Haarhuis, et al. "Incidence and Risk Factors of COVID-19 Vaccine Breakthrough Infections: A Prospective Cohort Study in Belgium." Viruses 14, no. 4 (2022): 802. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14040802.

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The objective of this study was to investigate the incidence and risk factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine breakthrough infections. We included all persons ≥18 years that had been fully vaccinated against COVID-19 for ≥14 days, between 1 February 2021 and 5 December 2021, in Belgium. The incidence of breakthrough infections (laboratory confirmed SARS-CoV-2-infections) was determined. Factors associated with breakthrough infections were analyzed using COX proportional hazard models. Among 8,062,600 fully vaccinated adults, we identified 373,070 breakthrough infections with an incidence of 1
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Agnihotri, Shalini, Anurag Mehta, and Anurag Sharma. "Assessing the Vaccine Efficacy in Health Care Providers for Combating the COVID-19 Infection: Results from Tertiary Cancer Care Centre." COVID 3, no. 2 (2023): 238–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/covid3020018.

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Due to the COVID-19 pandemic’s rapid expansion, the creation of vaccines is crucial for lowering disease transmission. Therefore, to determine the safety and efficacy of the vaccine against symptomatic illness and to evaluate breakthrough infections, those who received single or both the doses of vaccine against COVID-19 infection. A retrospective observational study was carried out on vaccine efficacy and the incidence of the breakthrough infections among the heath care workers, support staff and administrative staff. Out of 599 fully vaccinated health care workers, those who tested COVID-19
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15

Muhamed, Ali Jasim. "Navigating Breakthroughs: A Thorough Investigation of Vaccine Failure Rates and Clinical Outcomes in COVID-19 Breakthrough Scenarios." International Journal of Current Research and Review 16, no. 06 (2024): 01–06. http://dx.doi.org/10.31782/ijcrr.2024.16601.

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Introduction: Coronavirus was discovered in Wuhan, China, as the cause of an epidemic of potentially fatal unusual pneumonia (COVID-19). Aim/Objectives: To investigate the causes and prognostic variables of breakthrough COVID-19 infections in persons who have received all recommended vaccinations for COVID-19. Methods: The trial includes a variety of individuals, including Beijing-Sinopharm, Oxford-AstraZeneca, Pfizer-BioNTech, and others, who have finished receiving their second doses of the COVID-19 vaccine. The cohort consists of 42 individuals, with a mean age of 44.3 years and a preponder
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16

Shah, Jay Narayan, Priscilla Samson, Nabees Man Singh Pradhan, et al. "Breakthrough infection after COVID-19 vaccination: A threat for Nepal due to SARS-CoV-2 variants circulating in 2nd wave ravaging India." Journal of Patan Academy of Health Sciences 8, no. 2 (2021): 69–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpahs.v8i2.37287.

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After a year of the COVID-19 pandemic, the meta-analysis in Dec 2020 did not support its reinfections. Now it’s clear that not only reinfection following earlier exposure is a reality, but also breakthrough infections after vaccinations have been increasingly reported. A breakthrough infection means that the infection has broken through the protection provided by the vaccine. The course of the disease, strict observation for preventive measures, together with safe vaccines is necessary long-term solutions. The effectiveness of the vaccine, durability of immunity, the role of the virus variants
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17

Ledda, Caterina, Claudio Costantino, Giuseppe Motta, et al. "SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine Breakthrough Infections in Fully Vaccinated Healthcare Personnel: A Systematic Review." Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease 7, no. 1 (2022): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed7010009.

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The number of people vaccinated against COVID-19 increases worldwide every day; however, it is important to study the risk of breakthrough infections in vaccinated individuals at high risk of exposure such as healthcare personnel (HCP). A systematic literature review (SLR) applying the PRISMA declaration and the PECOS format using the following entry terms was used: “Health Personnel OR Healthcare Worker OR Healthcare Provider OR Healthcare Personnel AND breakthrough OR infection after vaccine*”. The research was carried out utilizing the following databases: SCOPUS, PubMed, Embase, and Web of
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Jose Luis, Turabian. "Risk factors and incidence rates of COVID-19 breakthrough infections in vaccinated people with vaccine booster in general medicine, Toledo (Spain), for the period December 2021 to February 2022." Archives of Community Medicine and Public Health 8, no. 2 (2022): 084–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.17352/2455-5479.000179.

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Background: The effectiveness of vaccines against COVID-19 has been demonstrated, but because new variants appear and immunity fades over time, continuous monitoring is necessary. Objectives: To determine incidence rates (IR) and risk factors of COVID-19 breakthrough infections in vaccinated people with vaccine booster (VB). Methodology: An observational, longitudinal, and prospective study of patients with COVID-19 breakthrough infections in vaccinated people with VB in a general practice setting in Toledo, Spain, for the period December 2021 to February 2022, during the wave of infections by
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Porru, Stefano, Maria Grazia Lourdes Monaco, Gianluca Spiteri, Arcangelo Cioffi, Giuseppe Verlato, and Angela Carta. "SS05-02 Open issues around COVID-19 and work: Lessons learned from the literature and the European ORCHESTRA multicentric study on health workers." Occupational Medicine 74, Supplement_1 (2024): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0068.

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Abstract Introduction SARS-CoV-2 had enormous impact on occupational health, particularly in healthcare. In Italy, nearly 500,000 health workers (HW) were infected. Key questions to be addressed by occupational medicine, e.g. relationship between humoral and cellular immunity, impact of breakthrough infections, comorbidities, variants of concerns (VoC), long COVID, compensation, targeted risk assessment and health surveillance. Methods Considerations from literature and data from the European ORCHESTRA multicentric study involving about 63,500 HW from 14 European countries with &amp;gt; 50 pap
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Haque, Afrin, Chomel Mahbub, Biplob Hossain, et al. "Breakthrough Infection Influenced SARS-CoV-2 IgG Antibody Titer in a Group of Healthcare Providers." Journal of Immunology & Clinical Research 8, no. 1 (2025): 1–5. https://doi.org/10.47739/immunology.1051.

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Background: The phenomenon of breakthrough infection during the COVID-19 pandemic has raised concerns regarding the efficacy of the vaccinations and healthcare providers are exposed to instances on a regular basis for professional reasons, putting them at risk. This study was aimed to look into the SARS-CoV-2 IgG status among the healthcare providers, reported with breakthrough infections. Methods: The study involved 78 healthcare providers (e.g., doctors, nurses, Lab personnel, support staffs) from a tertiary care hospital in Dhaka city. Blood samples were collected from participants who had
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Jakimovski, Dejan, Svetlana P. Eckert, Omid Mirmosayyeb, et al. "Tixagevimab and Cilgavimab (Evusheld™) Prophylaxis Prevents Breakthrough COVID-19 Infections in Immunosuppressed Population: 6-Month Prospective Study." Vaccines 11, no. 2 (2023): 350. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11020350.

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Background: Persons with neuroinflammatory diseases (pwNID) treated with potent immunosuppressives are at risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes and reduced vaccine seroconversion. We aimed at determining the real-world efficacy of tixagevimab and cilgavimab (Evusheld™) in immunosuppressed pwNID in preventing breakthrough COVID-19 infections. Methods: 31 immunosuppressed pwNID were followed for 6 months after administration of tixagevimab and cilgavimab as a prophylactic COVID-19 medication (January 2022–July 2022). Only pwNID treated with anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies and sphingosine-1-phosphate
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Rutskaya-Moroshan, Kristina, Saule Abisheva, Madina Sarsenova, et al. "Autoimmune rheumatic diseases and COVID-19 vaccination: a retrospective cross-sectional study from Astana." Rheumatology 62, no. 1 (2024): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/reum/184335.

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IntroductionThe severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus has had an unprecedented impact on people around the world, particularly those who were suffering from autoimmune rheumatic diseases (AIRDs). The world community acknowledges the significance of COVID-19 vaccination in patients with autoimmune disorders and emphasizes the priority of this category to receive vaccination over the general population. Although many studies have been published since the first phases of vaccination all over the world, multiple related factors still need to be further investigated.Mat
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Hladish, Thomas J., Alexander N. Pillai, Carl A. B. Pearson, et al. "Evaluating targeted COVID-19 vaccination strategies with agent-based modeling." PLOS Computational Biology 20, no. 5 (2024): e1012128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1012128.

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We evaluate approaches to vaccine distribution using an agent-based model of human activity and COVID-19 transmission calibrated to detailed trends in cases, hospitalizations, deaths, seroprevalence, and vaccine breakthrough infections in Florida, USA. We compare the incremental effectiveness for four different distribution strategies at four different levels of vaccine supply, starting in late 2020 through early 2022. Our analysis indicates that the best strategy to reduce severe outcomes would be to actively target high disease-risk individuals. This was true in every scenario, although the
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Krekeler, Carolin, Lea Reitnauer, Ulrike Bacher, et al. "Efficacy of COVID-19 Booster Vaccines in Patients with Hematologic Malignancies: Experiences in a Real-World Scenario." Cancers 14, no. 22 (2022): 5512. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14225512.

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Background: Two-dose COVID-19 vaccination often results in poor humoral response rates in patients with hematologic malignancies (HMs); yet responses to COVID-19 booster vaccines and the risk of COVID-19 infection post-booster are mostly uncertain. Methods: We included 200 outpatients with HMs and predominantly lymphoid neoplasms (96%, 191/200) in our academic center and reported on the humoral responses, which were assessed by measurement of anti-spike IgG antibodies in peripheral blood as early as 14 days after mRNA-based prime-boost vaccination, as well as factors hampering booster efficacy
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Saito, Makoto, Akio Mori, Takashi Ishio, et al. "Initial Efficacy of the COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine Booster and Subsequent Breakthrough Omicron Variant Infection in Patients with B-Cell Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma: A Single-Center Cohort Study." Viruses 16, no. 3 (2024): 328. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v16030328.

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It has been suggested that the effect of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) booster vaccination in patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (B-NHL) is inferior to that in healthy individuals. However, differences according to histological subtype or treatment status are unclear. In addition, there has been less research on patients who subsequently develop breakthrough infections. We investigated the effects of the first COVID-19 booster vaccination for patients with B-NHL and the clinical features of breakthrough infections in the Omicron variant era. In this study, B-NHL was classified i
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Walory, Jaroslaw, Iza Ksiazek, Michal Karynski, and Anna Baraniak. "Twenty-Month Monitoring of Humoral Immune Response to BNT162b2 Vaccine: Antibody Kinetics, Breakthrough Infections, and Adverse Effects." Vaccines 11, no. 10 (2023): 1578. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11101578.

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Background: Vaccination is one of the most effective life-saving medical interventions, and the introduction of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines was intended to prevent the serious implications of COVID-19. The objectives of the study were (i) to observe the humoral immune response to the BNT162b2 vaccine and SARS-CoV-2 infection (mainly breakthrough infections), (ii) to demonstrate the persistence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies over time in relation to the number of received vaccine doses and the course of infection, and iii) to determine the adverse effects after primary vaccine doses. Methods: To assess
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Gupta, Shilpi, Shweta Singh Rathore, Umesh Kapoor, Ankush Gupta, and Ved Prakash Mamoria. "Breakthrough SARS-Cov-2 Infection After Covid-19 Vaccination – A Retrospective Observational Clinico-Epidemiological Study from North-Western India." Medical Journal of Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth 15, Suppl 2 (2022): S265—S270. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/mjdrdypu.mjdrdypu_541_22.

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Introduction: Mass vaccination is considered one of the most crucial weapons in fighting against the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. However, the occurrence of breakthrough infections (BTIs) has questioned the vaccine effectiveness of the currently available vaccines. The present study aimed to determine the breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infections in the vaccinated population and to compare the clinic-epidemiological profile and outcomes between breakthrough cases and unvaccinated SARS-CoV-2 positive cases. Methods: This retrospective case-control study was conducted between April 15, 2021, and June 15,
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Marinov, Georgi K., Mladen Mladenov, Antoni Rangachev, and Ivailo Alexiev. "SARS-CoV-2 reinfections during the first three major COVID-19 waves in Bulgaria." PLOS ONE 17, no. 9 (2022): e0274509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0274509.

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Background The COVID-19 pandemic has had a devastating impact on the world over the past two years (2020-2021). One of the key questions about its future trajectory is the protection from subsequent infections and disease conferred by a previous infection, as the SARS-CoV-2 virus belongs to the coronaviruses, a group of viruses the members of which are known for their ability to reinfect convalescent individuals. Bulgaria, with high rates of previous infections combined with low vaccination rates and an elderly population, presents a somewhat unique context to study this question. Methods We u
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Das, Arghya, Salman Khan, Ashima Jain Vidyarthi, et al. "Breakthrough infection among healthcare personnel following exposure to COVID-19: Experience after one year of the world’s largest vaccination drive." Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care 12, no. 10 (2023): 2328–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_529_23.

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ABSTRACT Context: The COVID-19 vaccination drive globally was supposedly a game-changing event. However, the emerging variants of the virus and waning immunity over time posed new challenges for breakthrough infections. Standing at the frontline of defense against COVID-19, healthcare personnel (HCP) were vulnerable to such infections. Aims: This study estimates i) the vaccine breakthrough infections (VBI) among HCP following exposure to COVID-19 cases, and ii) the mean interval between the second dose of vaccine and laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection Materials and Methods: A cross-sect
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Merling, Marlena R., Amanda Williams, Najmus S. Mahfooz, et al. "The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 lineages and associated saliva antibody responses among asymptomatic individuals in a large university community." PLOS Pathogens 19, no. 8 (2023): e1011596. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1011596.

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SARS-CoV-2 (CoV2) infected, asymptomatic individuals are an important contributor to COVID transmission. CoV2-specific immunoglobulin (Ig)—as generated by the immune system following infection or vaccination—has helped limit CoV2 transmission from asymptomatic individuals to susceptible populations (e.g. elderly). Here, we describe the relationships between COVID incidence and CoV2 lineage, viral load, saliva Ig levels (CoV2-specific IgM, IgA and IgG), and ACE2 binding inhibition capacity in asymptomatic individuals between January 2021 and May 2022. These data were generated as part of a larg
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Paul Sony, Iyanar Kannan, and Pitchai Rathinam Thenmozhivalli. "Effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines: A systematic review." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 14, no. 11 (2023): 306–14. https://doi.org/10.71152/ajms.v14i11.3408.

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COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness has been the subject of numerous investigations conducted globally. The public’s and health-care professionals’ acceptance of vaccines looks to be crucial to the pandemic’s effective management. This review’s objective was to present an up-to-date evaluation of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rates across the globe. The current systematic evaluation of the literature seeks to identify the many global outcomes of the COVID-19 vaccine’s efficacy. The study was carried out following preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis recommendations for s
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Paul Sony, Iyanar Kannan, and Pitchai Rathinam Thenmozhivalli. "Effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines: A systematic review." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 14, no. 11 (2023): 306–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v14i11.55746.

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COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness has been the subject of numerous investigations conducted globally. The public’s and health-care professionals’ acceptance of vaccines looks to be crucial to the pandemic’s effective management. This review’s objective was to present an up-to-date evaluation of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rates across the globe. The current systematic evaluation of the literature seeks to identify the many global outcomes of the COVID-19 vaccine’s efficacy. The study was carried out following preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis recommendations for s
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33

Totschnig, David, Max Augustin, Iulia Niculescu, et al. "SARS-CoV-2 Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis with Sotrovimab and Tixagevimab/Cilgavimab in Immunocompromised Patients—A Single-Center Experience." Viruses 14, no. 10 (2022): 2278. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14102278.

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Immunocompromised patients experience reduced vaccine effectiveness and are at higher risk for coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) death. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) aims to protect these patients. So far, only tixagevimab/cilgavimab is authorized for use as PrEP. This paper aims to provide real-world data on the use of tixagevimab/cilgavimab and sotrovimab as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) PrEP in immunocompromised patients, comparing the evolution of antibody levels and reporting the incidence of breakthrough infections. A retrospective, single-center analysis
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Jose Luis, Turabian. "Implications for general practitioner of evolution of incidence rates of COVID-19 breakthrough infections in vaccinated people as of December 2021 with the highest spike of infections of the entire pandemic." Archives of Community Medicine and Public Health 8, no. 1 (2022): 008–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.17352/2455-5479.000168.

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From the extension of the COVID-19 vaccination in December 2020 to the end of the summer of 2021, cases of breakthrough Infection in vaccinated people were rare and their attack rate was low (0.01%-5.5%). Of course, in light of the increase in vaccination rates, breakthrough Infection in vaccinated people progressively could represent the majority of all COVID-19 cases. But at the end of December 2021, the world registered the highest number of COVID-19 infections in a week. Just a few months ago, the evolution that seemed reasonable was thought to be the elimination of the pandemic. But Delta
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Santoro, Annapaola, Andrea Capri, Daniele Petrone, et al. "SARS-CoV-2 Breakthrough Infections According to the Immune Response Elicited after mRNA Third Dose Vaccination in COVID-19-Naïve Hospital Personnel." Biomedicines 11, no. 5 (2023): 1247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11051247.

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Background: Vaccine-induced SARS-CoV-2-anti-spike antibody (anti-S/RBD) titers are often used as a marker of immune protection and to anticipate the risk of breakthrough infections, although no clear cut-off is available. We describe the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine breakthrough infections in COVID-19-free personnel of our hospital, according to B- and T-cell immune response elicited one month after mRNA third dose vaccination. Methods: The study included 487 individuals for whom data on anti-S/RBD were available. Neutralizing antibody titers (nAbsT) against the ancestral Whuan SARS-CoV-2,
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Hassan, Md Zakiul, Ahamed Khairul Basher, Mohammed Ziaur Rahman, et al. "Study protocol for COVID-19 breakthrough infections and vaccine-induced immune response among a cohort of healthcare workers, Bangladesh." PLOS ONE 19, no. 12 (2024): e0316121. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0316121.

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Background To optimize vaccination strategies, it is useful to detect breakthrough infections and assess vaccine effectiveness in programmatic use. Monitoring emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants and vaccine effectiveness against them is also essential to determine the most effective vaccine options. This study aims to monitor SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections, the emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants, and host immune response during the peri-infection period of COVID-19. The study will also assess the uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine booster doses, and associated barriers or motivations among healthca
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Jakimovski, Dejan, Karen Zakalik, Samreen Awan, et al. "COVID-19 Vaccination in Multiple Sclerosis and Inflammatory Diseases: Effects from Disease-Modifying Therapy, Long-Term Seroprevalence and Breakthrough Infections." Vaccines 10, no. 5 (2022): 695. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10050695.

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Background: To determine the effect of disease-modifying therapies (DMT) on humoral postvaccine seroconversion, long-term humoral response, and breakthrough COVID-19 infections in persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) and other neuroinflammatory disorders. Methods: A total of 757 PwMS and other neuroinflammatory disorders were recruited in two MS centers and vaccinated with one of the FDA-approved vaccines (BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, Ad26.COV2.S). The primary outcomes are the rate of humoral postvaccine seroconversion and anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (anti-SARS-CoV-2) immuno
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Iftikhar, Namirah, Muhammad Osama Rehman Khalid, Ashar Ekhlaq Ahmed, and Uzma Ghori. "Severity of COVID-19 infection in vaccinated and unvaccinated patients and their outcome - a local experience." Infectious Diseases Journal of Pakistan 33, no. 4 (2024): 195–201. https://doi.org/10.61529/idjp.v33i4.267.

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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic continues to pose a significant global health threat. In late 2020 and early 2021, multiple vaccines were authorized for emergency use, enabling mass vaccination campaigns. This study aimed to evaluate factors influencing COVID-19 severity (mild, moderate, severe) and outcomes (death or discharge) in vaccinated individuals presenting to a tertiary care hospital. Material and Methods: An observational study was conducted at Dr. Ziauddin Hospital Clifton, Karachi, Pakistan, from June to September 2021. We included patients aged 16 and above with RT-PCR-confirmed
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Jang, Jieun, Hyopin Jeong, Bong-Hwa Kim, Sura An, Hye-Ryun Yang, and Sunjoo Kim. "Vaccine effectiveness in symptom and viral load mitigation in COVID-19 breakthrough infections in South Korea." PLOS ONE 18, no. 8 (2023): e0290154. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0290154.

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Objectives Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine effectiveness in coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients with breakthrough infections has not been established in South Korea. To address this, we assessed the impact of vaccination on symptom occurrence and viral load. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study of 9,030 COVID-19 patients enrolled between February and November 2021. The impact of vaccination on the incidence of symptoms and viral load as indicated by cycle threshold (Ct) values of RdRp and E genes was evaluated using relative risks (RRs) and
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Alsakarneh, Saqr, Hana Qasim, Yazan Sallam, Ibrahim Khamees, Ammar Al-Obaidi, and Mohammad Adam. "COVID-19 breakthrough infections in patients with colorectal cancer: A propensity-matched score analysis." Journal of Clinical Oncology 42, no. 16_suppl (2024): e15655-e15655. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2024.42.16_suppl.e15655.

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e15655 Background: Previous data showed that cancer patients are more prone to have severe outcomes due to SARS-CoV-2 infection. While there are promising data on anti-mRNA antibodies titer post-COVID-19 vaccination in solid malignancies, concerns arise regarding durability of this immune response. We aim to evaluate the risk of breakthrough COVID-19 infection in colorectal cancer patients (CRC). Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using TriNetX, a population-based database that sources data from electronic medical records (EHRs) of 61 health care organizations in the US. Using
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Basnet, A., B. Tamang, N. Pokhrel, et al. "First-Generation SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines: A Comparative Analysis between Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Hospitalized Patients Infected with SARS-CoV-2." Kathmandu University Medical Journal 20, no. 3 (2022): 316–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v20i3.53947.

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Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants, which have emerged due to several mutations in spike protein, have a potential to escape immune protection provided by the first-generation vaccines, thereby resulting in breakthrough infections.&#x0D; Objective To identify the socio-demographic factors, clinical features, and outcomes in both vaccinated and unvaccinated hospitalized patients infected with SARS-CoV-2.&#x0D; Method Socio-demographic details, clinical features, and the outcomes among fully vaccinated (double for Covishield/AstraZeneca and BBIBP-Co
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Hasseli, R., B. F. Hoyer, H. M. Lorenz, et al. "OP0179 CHARACTERISTICS AND OUTCOMES OF SARS-CoV-2 BREAKTHROUGH INFECTIONS AMONG DOUBLE AND TRIPLE VACCINATED PATIENTS WITH INFLAMMATORY RHEUMATIC DISEASES." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 81, Suppl 1 (2022): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.3386.

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BackgroundSARS-CoV-2 vaccines offer the most effective way to reduce the risk of severe COVID-19. Recent data indicate sufficient immune response after vaccination in most patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IRD) on immunomodulatory treatments.ObjectivesTo investigate the clinical profile of SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections among double and triple vaccinated patients with IRD.MethodsData from the German COVID-19-IRD registry, collected by treating rheumatologists between February 2021 and January 2022 were analysed. Patients double or triple vaccinated against COVID-19 ≥14 days pr
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Khan, Ahmed A., Gayla Havener, Donald Graham, Brian Miller, Gail O'Neill, and Vidya Sundareshan. "575. Local Experience of Breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 Infections After Full Vaccination." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 8, Supplement_1 (2021): S389. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofab466.773.

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Abstract Background SARS-CoV-2 the etiology of COVID-19 has caused more than 33 million cases and almost 600,000 deaths in the United States alone. Vaccination is a vital tool in controlling the pandemic. With accelerated infection rates in various parts of the world, the incidence of variants has risen and threatens to set back the long sought after immunity, provided by available vaccines. The objective of this study was to evaluate the breakthrough infection rate after complete vaccination, in Sangamon County, with a rural and urban population of 195,000 in Central Illinois. Methods Data re
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Yavuz, Serap Şimşek, Gülşah Tunçer, Özlem Altuntaş-Aydın, et al. "Comparison of the Clinical and Laboratory Findings and Outcomes of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients Who Were Either Fully Vaccinated with Coronavac or Not: An Analytical, Cross Sectional Study." Vaccines 10, no. 5 (2022): 733. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10050733.

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COVID-19 vaccines are highly protective against severe disease; however, vaccine breakthrough infections resulting in hospitalization may still occur in a small percentage of vaccinated individuals. We investigated whether the clinical and microbiological features and outcomes were different between hospitalized COVID-19 patients who were either fully vaccinated with Coronovac or not. All hospitalized COVID-19 patients who had at least one dose of Coronavac were included in the study. The oldest unvaccinated patients with comorbidities, who were hospitalized during the same period, were chosen
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Chan, Louis Yat Hin, Gunnar Rø, Jørgen Eriksson Midtbø, et al. "Modeling geographic vaccination strategies for COVID-19 in Norway." PLOS Computational Biology 20, no. 1 (2024): e1011426. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011426.

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Vaccination was a key intervention in controlling the COVID-19 pandemic globally. In early 2021, Norway faced significant regional variations in COVID-19 incidence and prevalence, with large differences in population density, necessitating efficient vaccine allocation to reduce infections and severe outcomes. This study explored alternative vaccination strategies to minimize health outcomes (infections, hospitalizations, ICU admissions, deaths) by varying regions prioritized, extra doses prioritized, and implementation start time. Using two models (individual-based and meta-population), we sim
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Xueying, Yang, Jiajia Zhang, Bankole Olatosi, Sharon Weissman, and Xiaoming Li. "COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness among people living with and without HIV in South Carolina, USA: protocol of a population-based cohort study." BMJ Open 12, no. 8 (2022): e067095. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-067095.

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IntroductionDespite the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in preventing severe COVID-19 outcomes, a small percentage of fully vaccinated persons will develop symptomatic or asymptomatic infections with SARS-CoV-2, which is referred to as ‘breakthrough COVID-19’. People living with HIV (PLWH) appear to have an elevated risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes, yet the effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccine in this population remains unclear due to the limited research efforts in this population in the real world. This study aims to characterise and compare the breakthrough COVID-19 (eg, prevalence and
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Chinnadurai, Rajkumar, Henry H. L. Wu, Eleanor Cox, et al. "Humoral Response in Hemodialysis Patients Following COVID-19 Vaccination and Breakthrough Infections during Delta and Omicron Variant Predominance." Vaccines 10, no. 4 (2022): 498. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10040498.

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Background: The advancement of COVID-19 vaccination programs globally has been viewed as an integral strategy to reduce both the number of COVID-19 cases and consequential complications of COVID-19, particularly for high-risk patient groups. There are limited data on the antibody response and protection from disease infection and severity in patients requiring hemodialysis (HD) following COVID-19 vaccination during the Delta and Omicron variant predominance. We conducted a study aiming to evaluate humoral immunity derived from two different COVID-19 vaccines administered to our in-centre HD po
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Zheutlin, Amanda, Miles Ott, Ran Sun, et al. "Durability of Protection Post–Primary COVID-19 Vaccination in the United States." Vaccines 10, no. 9 (2022): 1458. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10091458.

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The durability of immune responses after COVID-19 vaccination will drive long-term vaccine effectiveness across settings and may differ by vaccine type. To determine durability of protection of COVID-19 vaccines (BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, and Ad26.COV2.S) following primary vaccination in the United States, a matched case-control study was conducted in three cohorts between 1 January and 7 September 2021 using de-identified data from a database covering 168 million lives. Odds ratios (ORs) for developing outcomes of interest (breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection, hospitalization, or intensive care unit
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Ain, SyedNajmul, Anjum Fazili, RohulJabeen Shah, FerheenNazir Raja, Deeba Farhat, and Isra Nazir. "Incidence of breakthrough infections after COVID-19 vaccination among the COVID-19 vaccine recipients at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Srinagar." Indian Journal of Public Health 67, no. 2 (2023): 305. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_1403_22.

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Gong, Inna Y., Abi Vijenthira, Melanie Powis, et al. "Association of COVID-19 Vaccination With Breakthrough Infections and Complications in Patients With Cancer." JAMA Oncology, December 29, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamaoncol.2022.6815.

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ImportancePatients with cancer are known to have increased risk of COVID-19 complications, including death.ObjectiveTo determine the association of COVID-19 vaccination with breakthrough infections and complications in patients with cancer compared to noncancer controls.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsRetrospective population-based cohort study using linked administrative databases in Ontario, Canada, in residents 18 years and older who received COVID-19 vaccination. Three matched groups were identified (based on age, sex, type of vaccine, date of vaccine): 1:4 match for patients with hematol
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