Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Breathing exercises'
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Thomas, Dr Mike. "Dysfunctional breathing and asthma : can breathing exercises improve asthma control?" Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.531907.
Full textHilo, Jessica Tayseer. "Inspiratory Breathing Exercises for Vocal Tremor: A Preliminary Study." Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4074.
Full textWesterdahl, Elisabeth. "Effects of Deep Breathing Exercises after Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-4520.
Full textVilliger, Carmel G. "Investigations into transient respiratory control using the work rate of breathing and a non-linear breather." Thesis, This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-02132009-170901/.
Full textCooper, Susan Elizabeth. "Clinical trials to investigate the effect of breathing exercises on asthma control." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.537620.
Full textHait, Aaron Vincent. "Is breathing control an effective coping strategy for public speaking anxiety?" Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31015.
Full textArts, Faculty of
Psychology, Department of
Graduate
PLASSMAN, BRENDA LEE. "PERCEPTION OF LUNG VOLUME IN NORMAL HUMAN SUBJECTS." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/183843.
Full textFisher, Brandyn H. "The effects of utilizing a preshot routine and deep breathing on reducing performance anxiety and improving serving performance among youth tennis players." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2007. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=5459.
Full textTitle from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains v, 77 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.
Rowe, Jack E. "Effect of inspiration to expiration ratio on autonomic arousal /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1997. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9842562.
Full textSealy, Mary Louise 1942. "COMPARISON OF SUSTAINED MAXIMAL INSPIRATION AND PURSE-LIPPED EXHALATION ON LUNG VOLUMES IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/275494.
Full textUrell, Charlotte. "Lung Function, Respiratory Muscle Strength and Effects of Breathing Exercises in Cardiac Surgery Patients." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Sjukgymnastik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-192208.
Full textMcKay, Joshua Adam Alexander. "The effect of consistent practice of yogic breathing exercises on the human cardiorespiratory system." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/42083.
Full textMerritt, Amy R. "Preclinical yoga breathing and stretching exercises to reduce musculoskeletal pain and stress among dental hygiene students." The Ohio State University, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1619126775866158.
Full textSehlin, Maria. "Resistance breathing with PEP and CPAP : effects on respiratory parameters." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Anestesiologi och intensivvård, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-94650.
Full textSobrinho, Moisés Teixeira [UNESP]. "Efeito da fisioterapia no pós-operatório da cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/92118.
Full textUniversidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
A freqüência dos procedimentos cirúrgicos aumentou progressivamente nas últimas décadas, entre elas a revascularização do miocárdio (RM). As doenças cardiovasculares degenerativas são as principais causas de mortalidade, mas com os avanços nas técnicas cirúrgicas, circulação extracorpórea (CEC), técnicas para proteção do miocárdio, anestesia e cuidados intensivos no pós-operatório, fisioterapia no préoperatório e pós-operatório, houve diminuição da morbimortalidade. A fisioterapia respiratória é freqüentemente utilizada na prevenção e tratamento de tais complicações, podendo ser iniciada no pré-operatório de forma a avaliar, orientar e tratar os pacientes. Demonstrar a importância da atuação da fisioterapia no pré-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca, em relação à redução do tempo de internação hospitalar, alteração de volumes pulmonares e força muscular respiratória. Comparar essas variáveis entre o grupo controle e o grupo intervenção. Foi realizado um estudo clínico prospectivo, com pacientes submetidos à RM, na enfermaria de Cárdio-Tórax, do Hospital das Clínicas da UNESP / Botucatu – SP. Foram avaliados 70 pacientes de ambos os gêneros, com faixa etária entre 40 a 75 anos, que realizaram RM com CEC, subdivididos em dois grupos: GRUPO I - 35 pacientes de ambos os gêneros, que receberam um protocolo de orientação por escrito, exercícios respiratórios e treinamento muscular respiratório com Threshold - IMT®, no pré-operatório e GRUPO II - 35 pacientes de ambos os gêneros, que receberam apenas orientação de rotina da enfermaria no dia da cirurgia, não tendo realizado exercícios respiratórios no pré-operatório. Trabalho aprovado pelo comitê de ética da UNESP / Botucatu – SP. Para a análise dos...
The frequency of surgical procedures has increased steadily in recent decades, including the myocardium revascularization (MR). The degenerative cardiovascular diseases are the leading causes of mortality, but with advances in surgical techniques, cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) for myocardial protection techniques, anesthesia and intensive care after surgery, physical therapy preoperatively and postoperatively, decreased morbidity and mortality. Respiratory therapy is often used to prevent and treat these complications, can be started preoperatively to assess, advise and treat patients. To demonstrate the importance of physiotherapy in the preoperative period of cardiac surgery in relation to the reduction of hospital stay, changes in lung volumes and respiratory muscle strength. Compare these variables between the control and intervention group. We conducted a prospective clinical study with patients undergoing CABG, the Cardio- Thoracic ward of the Hospital of UNESP / Botucatu - SP. We evaluated 70 patients of both genders, aged between 40 and 75, who performed CABG with CPB, divided into two groups: group I - 35 patients of both genders, who received a written protocol guidance, breathing exercises and respiratory muscle training in Threshold - IMT ®, preoperatively and group II - 35 patients of both genders, who received only orientation of the ward on the day of surgery, not having done breathing exercises before surgery. Approved by the Ethics Committee of UNESP / Botucatu - SP. For the analysis of the results was used the Wilcoxon, Goldman, t test, nonparametric Mann-Whitney and Friedman two independent samples, set at 5% significance level. We observed in relation to the MIP 5PO 3PO and there was significant difference between groups, being better for the intervention group, however the value... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Gomieiro, Ludmila Tais Yazbek. "Os efeitos de um programa de exercícios respiratórios para idosos asmáticos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5146/tde-25062009-094810/.
Full textINTRODUCTION: People can develop asthma at any given age, and asthma prevalence in older adults is no different than that observed in younger people. Asthma in older adults is frequently underdiagnosed, and this is reflected in the fact that approximately 60% of people who die from asthma have surpassed the age of 65. Equally important is the fact that reduced lung function and airway obstruction have a negative impact on the quality of life for this population. In asthmatic patients, bronchoconstriction and consequent lung hyperinflation, leave the inspiratory muscles in a position of mechanical disadvantage, and thus, contribute to the exacerbation of the clinical presentation. A number of studies on respiratory physiotherapy and different breathing techniques have been performed in order to help asthma treatment and to improve the patients quality of life. Nevertheless, so far, we are not aware of any reports regarding breathing exercises without breathing equipment in older adults with asthma. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the effects of a respiratory exercise program (without breathing equipment) tailored for elderly people. METHODS: Out of 132 patients listed in the PRONTMED (electronic filing system of the Clinical Immunology and Allergy Division of HCFMUSP), we selected 24 patients, aged 60 or greater, with a diagnosis of moderate or severe asthma. Out of the 24 patients, 21 started the program and 14 participated regularly and concluded the respiratory exercise program. Prior to the start of the program all patients were evaluated with regard to lung function, respiratory muscle strength, aerobic capacity, quality of life and clinical presentation. Due to the small sample size, patients were their own controls. At the end of a 16-week-exercise program all evaluations were repeated. During the study period, patients were requested to keep a diary and record symptoms every day. RESULTS: After 16 weeks of interventions, we did not observe significant changes in pulmonary lung function tests. However, we observed significant increases in maximum inspiratory pressure (Pimax) and maximum expiratory pressure (Pemax) (27.6 % and 20.54 % respectively), which are associated with respiratory muscle strength. In regards to quality of life, we observed considerable improvements. Clinical evaluations and the daily-recorded symptoms diary indicate significant improvements and fewer respiratory symptoms. Yet, a month after exercise interruption, we observed detraining, with reduction of Pimax (21.4 %) and Pemax (37.33 %). Detraining had a negative impact on clinical presentation, recording of symptoms, and patient quality of life, parameters that had previously improved with training. Despite the occurrence of detraining, which is common after reduction or interruption of exercise, we conclude that a respiratory exercise program increased muscle strength, which in turn had a positive effect on patient clinical presentation and quality of life. Therefore, a respiratory training program could be associated with the medical and clinical therapeutic approach of older adults with asthma.
Tice, Sheerah R. "The effects of deep breathing and positive imagery on stress and coherence levels among college-age women." Lynchburg, Va. : Liberty University, 2007. http://digitalcommons.liberty.edu.
Full textPuščius, Marius. "Specifinės kvėpavimo pratimų programos poveikis 5 - 6 m vaikams, sergantiems kvėpavimo takų ligomis." Bachelor's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2011. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2011~D_20110804_093735-66340.
Full textThere is no need to learn to breathe – every human being is able to do it starting from one’s birth and the first cry (Mejeris, 1997, p. 30). Though, to breathe properly one should put some effort in order to learn it. A lot of people breathe in a wrong way and because of this suffer from various diseases. Andziulis, Kriščiūnas, Volčeskas and Rimdeikienė (1999) in their publishing emphasize breathing exercises as a very effective means in treating breathing disorders and lungs diseases. In the study the impact of special breathing exercises on children with various breathing disorders is being analyzed. The aim of the survey is to evaluate the impact of a special program on five – six – year – old children with breathing illnesses. For carrying out the survey the following objectives were pursued: • To emphasize the significance of breathing exercises for children with breathing disorders referring to scientific literature • To create a special program of breathing exercises for sick children • To investigate and compare the results of two groups (experimental and control) in children’s lungs, stomach and waist muscle functional possibilities before and after applying the special program, to evaluate the influence of the experiment on the patients. Twenty five – six – year – old children with breathing disorders from Šiaulių sanatorium – kindergarten “Pušelė” took part in the research. There were two groups (identical according to the number) organised – experimental and... [to full text]
Sobrinho, Moisés Teixeira. "Efeito da fisioterapia no pós-operatório da cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/92118.
Full textBanca: Giulliano Gardenghi
Banca: Alfredo José Rodrigues
Resumo: A freqüência dos procedimentos cirúrgicos aumentou progressivamente nas últimas décadas, entre elas a revascularização do miocárdio (RM). As doenças cardiovasculares degenerativas são as principais causas de mortalidade, mas com os avanços nas técnicas cirúrgicas, circulação extracorpórea (CEC), técnicas para proteção do miocárdio, anestesia e cuidados intensivos no pós-operatório, fisioterapia no préoperatório e pós-operatório, houve diminuição da morbimortalidade. A fisioterapia respiratória é freqüentemente utilizada na prevenção e tratamento de tais complicações, podendo ser iniciada no pré-operatório de forma a avaliar, orientar e tratar os pacientes. Demonstrar a importância da atuação da fisioterapia no pré-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca, em relação à redução do tempo de internação hospitalar, alteração de volumes pulmonares e força muscular respiratória. Comparar essas variáveis entre o grupo controle e o grupo intervenção. Foi realizado um estudo clínico prospectivo, com pacientes submetidos à RM, na enfermaria de Cárdio-Tórax, do Hospital das Clínicas da UNESP / Botucatu - SP. Foram avaliados 70 pacientes de ambos os gêneros, com faixa etária entre 40 a 75 anos, que realizaram RM com CEC, subdivididos em dois grupos: GRUPO I - 35 pacientes de ambos os gêneros, que receberam um protocolo de orientação por escrito, exercícios respiratórios e treinamento muscular respiratório com Threshold - IMT®, no pré-operatório e GRUPO II - 35 pacientes de ambos os gêneros, que receberam apenas orientação de rotina da enfermaria no dia da cirurgia, não tendo realizado exercícios respiratórios no pré-operatório. Trabalho aprovado pelo comitê de ética da UNESP / Botucatu - SP. Para a análise dos... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The frequency of surgical procedures has increased steadily in recent decades, including the myocardium revascularization (MR). The degenerative cardiovascular diseases are the leading causes of mortality, but with advances in surgical techniques, cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) for myocardial protection techniques, anesthesia and intensive care after surgery, physical therapy preoperatively and postoperatively, decreased morbidity and mortality. Respiratory therapy is often used to prevent and treat these complications, can be started preoperatively to assess, advise and treat patients. To demonstrate the importance of physiotherapy in the preoperative period of cardiac surgery in relation to the reduction of hospital stay, changes in lung volumes and respiratory muscle strength. Compare these variables between the control and intervention group. We conducted a prospective clinical study with patients undergoing CABG, the Cardio- Thoracic ward of the Hospital of UNESP / Botucatu - SP. We evaluated 70 patients of both genders, aged between 40 and 75, who performed CABG with CPB, divided into two groups: group I - 35 patients of both genders, who received a written protocol guidance, breathing exercises and respiratory muscle training in Threshold - IMT ®, preoperatively and group II - 35 patients of both genders, who received only orientation of the ward on the day of surgery, not having done breathing exercises before surgery. Approved by the Ethics Committee of UNESP / Botucatu - SP. For the analysis of the results was used the Wilcoxon, Goldman, t test, nonparametric Mann-Whitney and Friedman two independent samples, set at 5% significance level. We observed in relation to the MIP 5PO 3PO and there was significant difference between groups, being better for the intervention group, however the value... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
Corsiglia, Victor F. "Reduction of stuttering in adult males using relaxed breathing and EMG biofeedback : a masters thesis." Scholarly Commons, 1986. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/490.
Full textStačiokas, Jonas. "Širdies ir kraujagyslių sistemos funkcinių rodiklių kaitos ypatybes atliekant kvėpavimo pratimus." Bachelor's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140619_115107-39385.
Full textBreathing is related to many physiological systems, especially the cardiovascular system. Various breathing exercises are widely used both in sports and rehabilitation as a factor, acting on the body's functional status. It is therefore interesting and relevant to the scientific problem whether specific breathing exercises influence cardiovascular functional parameters and their changes during exercise. The object of investigation - cardiovascular functional state indicators and features of the breathing exercises. Aim: To identify the changing features in heart rate during breathing exercise that connects hyperventilation and respiratory detentions. Objectives: 1. To identify heart rate and the changing features of electrocardiogram intervals JT and RR ratio during active hyperventilation and breath holding. 2. To identify whether the cardiovascular functional state indicators changes in response to repeated hyperventilation and respiratory detentions. 3. To identify the fatigue influence on cardiovascular functional state indicators during breathing exercises that connects hyperventilation and breathing detentions. Hypothesis: We believe that specific breathing exercises have a positive effect on cardiovascular functional parameters and their changes during exercise. The methods: 1. Electrocardiography; 2. Arterial blood pressure measurement; 3. Exercise test. Organization of the research: The research was conducted in LSU kinesiology lab in 2012-2014. Participated eight... [to full text]
Broderick, Daniel J. "Mitral valve prolapse syndrome : a proposed treatment through respiratory rebalancing." Virtual Press, 1996. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1027110.
Full textDepartment of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services
Zunhammer, Matthias [Verfasser], Mark [Akademischer Betreuer] Greenlee, and Andreas [Akademischer Betreuer] Mühlberger. "Central modulators of human pain: Effects of oxytocin, exam stress, breathing exercises and transcranial magnetic stimulation / Matthias Zunhammer. Betreuer: Mark Greenlee ; Andreas Mühlberger." Regensburg : Universitätsbibliothek Regensburg, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1060889269/34.
Full textMatheus, Gabriela Bertolini 1967. "Influência do treinamento muscular pós-operatório sobre as medidas de desempenho da musculatura respiratória em pacientes no pós-operatório de revascularização do miocárdio = Influence of muscular training on measures of the respiratory muscles in postoperative coronary artery bypass grafting." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/308806.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
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Resumo: Justificativa e Objetivo: Complicações pulmonares estão entre as maiores causas de morbidade e mortalidade do pós-operatório (PO) de cirurgia cardíaca. As causas são diversas e estão relacionadas à disfunção pulmonar causada pela circulação extracorpórea, esternotomia, uso da artéria mamária interna, drenos torácicos e à dor no período pós-operatório. Ocorre disfunção da musculatura respiratória acompanhada de perda da força muscular e redução das capacidades e volumes pulmonares. Nesse contexto, técnicas fisioterapêuticas têm por objetivo a reexpansão e melhora da capacidade pulmonar além da manutenção ou ganho de força muscular respiratória, e podem contribuir para prevenção e tratamento de tais complicações. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o efeito do treinamento muscular inspiratório em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio, com o uso do Threshold® IMT no período pós-operatório. Método: Quarenta e sete pacientes submetidos à revascularização eletiva do miocárdio através de esternotomia mediana foram randomizados por sorteio prévio à avaliação pré-operatória e divididos em dois grupos: Grupo Estudo (23 pacientes, cinco mulheres e 18 homens) e Grupo Controle (24 pacientes, oito mulheres e 16 homens), com idade média de 61,83±8,61 e 66,33±10,20 respectivamente. Ambos os grupos foram submetidos ao protocolo de rotina para atendimento fisioterápico em pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca. Apenas o grupo estudo foi submetido a um protocolo de treinamento inspiratório com o uso do Threshold® IMT com carga de 40% da Pimáx obtida no 1º PO durante três dias. Foram mensuradas e comparadas às pressões respiratórias máximas (Pimáx e Pemáx), VC (Volume Corrente), CV (Capacidade Vital) e Pico de Fluxo Expiratório (Pico de Fluxo Expiratório) no Pré-OP, PO1 e PO3. Resultados: Observou-se redução significativa em todas as variáveis mensuradas no 1º dia de pós-operatório quando comparadas ao pré-operatório, nos dois grupos estudados. Pimáx (p<0,0001), Pemáx (p<0,0001), VC GE (p<0,0004) e GC (p<0,0001), CV GE (p<0,0001) e GC (p<0,0001) e Pico de Fluxo Expiratório (p<0,0001). No PO3, o GE apresentou, em comparação ao GC, maior valor de CV, (GE 1230,4±477,86ml vs GC 919,17±394,47ml, p=0,0222) e VC (GE 608,09±178,24ml vs GC 506,96±168,31ml, p=0,0490). Conclusão: Pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca sofrem redução da capacidade ventilatória e da força muscular respiratória após a cirurgia. O treinamento muscular realizado foi eficaz em recuperar o volume corrente e a capacidade vital no terceiro dia de pós-operatório, no grupo treinado. Não houve diferença na incidência de complicações respiratórias e o grupo treinado apresentou menor tempo de internação na unidade coronariana
Abstract: Background and Objectives: Pulmonary complications are the major causes of morbidity and mortality of postoperative period (PO) of cardiac surgery. The causes are diverse and are related to pulmonary dysfunction caused by cardiopulmonary bypass, sternotomy, internal mammary artery use, chest drains, and pain in the postoperative period. There may be dysfunction of the respiratory muscles accompanied by loss of muscle strength and reduction of capacity and lung volumes. In this context, physical therapy techniques are designed to re-expansion and improve lung capacity and maintenance or gain of respiratory muscle strength and may contribute to prevention and treatment of such complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of inspiratory muscle training in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting, using the Threshold® IMT in the postoperative period. Method: Forty-seven patients undergoing elective coronary artery bypass grafting via median sternotomy were randomized by lot prior to the preoperative evaluation, and divided into two groups: Study Group (SG) (23 patients, 5 women and 18 men) and Control group (CG) (24 patients, 8 women and 16 men) and with mean age of 61.83±8.61 and 66.33±10.20 respectively. Both groups were subjected to routine protocol for the physical therapy treatment in post-cardiac surgery. However, only the study group was subjected to inspiratory training protocol using Threshold IMT® with a load of 40% of MIP obtained in first postoperative day for three days. Maximal respiratory pressures (MIP and MEP), VT (Tidal Volume), VC (Vital Capacity) and Peak Flow in the Pre-OP, PO1 and PO3 were measured and compared. Results: There was a significant reduction in all variables measured on PO1 compared to preoperative values in both groups, MIP (p<0.0001), MEP (p<0.0001), VT SG (p<0.0004) and CG (p<0.0001), VC SG (p<0.0001) and CG (p<0.0001) and Peak Flow (p<0.0001). At PO3, SG presented higher value of VT, SG 1230.4±477.86ml vs CG 919.17±394.47ml (p=0.0222) and VC SG 608.09±178.24ml vs CG 506.96±168.31ml (p=0.0490). There were differences between SG and CG for VT (p=0.0490) and VC (p=0.0222) in PO3. Conclusion: Patients undergoing cardiac surgery experience reduced ventilatory capacity and respiratory muscle strength after surgery. Muscle training was performed to retrieve the effective tidal volume and vital capacity in the third postoperative day of the trained group. There was no difference in the incidence of respiratory complications and the trained group had shorter hospitalization in the coronary unit
Mestrado
Fisiopatologia Cirúrgica
Mestre em Ciências
Ferreira, Janaina Barcellos. "Treinamento da musculatura ventilatória combinado com treinamento aeróbio: efeitos sobre a pressão arterial, capacidade funcional, função endotelial e controle autonômico cardiovascular em pacientes hipertensos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5131/tde-11052017-131225/.
Full textIntroduction Sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system imbalance, characterized by sympathetic hyperactivity and reduction of cardiac parasympathetic activity, has been directly associated with the mechanisms of systemic arterial hypertension development. This imbalance influences directly other pathophysiological factors of the disease, such as endothelial dysfunction and vascular remodeling. Inspiratory muscle training and aerobic training demonstrate satisfactory effects in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension. However, there are no reports in the literature comparing the magnitude of the benefits of each one of these interventions, nor any data demonstrating the effects of the combination of both modalities. Objective In this work, we aimed to evaluate the effects of inspiratory muscle training and aerobic training separately and combined on: blood pressure, functional capacity, endothelial function, and cardiovascular autonomic control in patients with primary hypertension. Methods: We performed a randomized blinded clinical trial including individuals with clinical diagnosis of primary arterial hypertension in order to analyze the effects of three training programs performed over a 12-week period: inspiratory muscle training (IMT: 7 days 30 minutes per day, with 30% PIMAX load), aerobic training (AT: 2 days per week, 1 hour per day, 70% HRmax) and combined training (IMT + AT: 7 days per week divided into 2 days of AT and 5 days of IMT, following the same load applied in the isolated groups). To evaluate the proposed objectives, we performed the following evaluations, before and after the interventions: 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), exercise test (ergospirometry), noninvasive acquisition of blood pressure signals (Finometer®) and electrocardiogram (PowerLab®), peroneal nerve microneuromyography, evaluation of endothelial function through flow-mediated vasodilation, manovacuometry and application of quality of life questionnaire (SF36). Results 43 hypertensive patients were randomized to participate in one of four groups (IMT, TA, IMT + TA and Control). 28 patients completed the study (7 in each group), with the following results: reduction of systolic blood pressure during 24 hours (SBPT), awake (SBPW) and sleep (SBPS) periods in IMT(deltaSBPT: -7,85 ± 7,6; deltaSBPW: -8,28 ± 9,26; deltaSBPS: -5,85 ± 7,1 mmHg) and IMT+AT groups (deltaSBPT: -6,42 ± 4,42; deltaSBPW: -6 ± 2,76; deltaSBPS: -11,42 ± 10,14 mmHg); reduction of diastolic blood pressure during total (DBPT), awake (DBTW) and sleep (DBPS) periods in IMT+AT group (deltaDBPT: -5.85 v± 3.57; deltaDBTW: -5.42 ± 4.72; deltaDBPS: -5.85±6.14 mmHg) and reduction of diastolic sleep pressure in IMT group (deltaDBPS: -5.14 ± 5.01 mmHg). It was also observed improvement of functional capacity, with increase of VO2MAX in all intervention groups (deltaVO2MAX IMT: 2.11 ± 0.96, AT: 3.31 ± 2.01, IMT+AT: 3.55 ± 2.96 l / min-1) and reduction of VE/VCO2slope in AT (deltaVE/VCO2slope: -1.02 ± 1.31) and IMT+AT groups (deltaVE/VCO2slope: -2.17 ± 1.49). In addition, the IMT group presented reduction of sympathetic cardiac modulation (LFabs: 241.32 ± 246.74 vs 166.19 ± 178.25) and improvement of the sympathovagal balance (LF/HF: 3.25 ± 2.23 vs 1.33 ± 1.45) after 12 weeks of protocol. We also observed that the three intervention groups presented reduction of muscle sympathetic nerve activity (deltaMSNA: IMT: -11.25 ± 13.43, TA: -4.53 ± 2.99, IMT+AT: -6.52 ± 2,05 bursts/min) and improvement of inspiratory muscle strength (deltaPIMAX IMT: -35.27 ± 24.06, AT: -17.57 ± 7.25, IMT+AT: -55.28 ± 20.25 cmH2O), and (deltaPEMAX IMT: 22.04 ± 12.95, AT: 19.28 ± 5.93, IMT+AT: 42.85 ± 15.53 cmH2O) after 12 weeks. However, we did not observe changes on endothelial function or quality of life of participants after the study. Conclusion The three training modalities present benefits in the treatment of patients with systemic arterial hypertension. We observed that the effects presented through the practice of IMT were similar to those presented from the practice of AT on some physiopathology components of hypertension and the combination of the two modalities adds some benefits in the effects found with the isolated practice. Thus, we believe that IMT is an interesting alternative to AT, and that the combined practice can be encouraged in this population
FREIRE, Alessandra da Boaviagem. "Efetividade da utilização dos padrões respiratórios no controle da ansiedade materna durante o primeiro período de trabalho de parto: ensaio clínico controiado e randomizado." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2015. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/17645.
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Objetivo: Avaliar a efetividade da utilização de padrões respiratórios no controle da ansiedade materna durante o primeiro período de trabalho de parto. Métodos: Trata-se de um ensaio clínico controlado e randomizado, envolvendo 140 primíparas em trabalho de parto ativo, com idade gestacional entre 37 e 42 semanas e Idade entre 12 e 40 anos. Foram excluídas gestações múltiplas e com feto morto, parturientes em uso de analgesia, que apresentem instabilidade clínica e transtornos psiquiátricos. A ansiedade materna (desfecho primário) foi avaliada através do Inventário de Ansiedade Traço-Estado. A dor, satisfação materna e fadiga (desfechos secundários) foram avaliadas através da escala visual analógica (EVA) e da escala modificada de Borg respectivamente. No grupo intervenção foram realizados os seguintes padrões: respiração lenta e profunda, suspiro com pausa pós-expiratória e retardo expiratório a depender da fase da dilatação e intensidade da contração, enquanto que o grupo controle recebeu os cuidados de rotina do serviço. As mensurações foram feitas durante a admissão, e após 2 horas. Para a comparação das características basais dos dois grupos, foram utilizados para as variáveis categóricas os testes qui-quadrado de associação ou exato de Fisher e para as variáveis contínuas o test “t” de Student ou Mann-Whitney. Para a associação entre a variável independente e dependente foram calculadas as diferenças de média (DM) com os respectivos intervalos de confiança a 95%. Para as variáveis dependentes dicotômicas foi calculado o risco relativo (RR) com intervalos de confiança a 95%. Toda a análise desses dados foi realizada nos softwares Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 20.0 para Windows. Admitiu-se o nível de significância de 5%. Os resultados das associações foram tratados através de uma análise de sensibilidade pelo principio de intenção de tratar em apenas as variáveis respostas que apresentaram valores faltantes. Essa análise estatística de imputação dos dados foi realizada com o software Stata 12.1SE (StataCorp - College Station, Texas 77845 USA). Resultados: Não houve diferença entre os grupos em relação ao grau de ansiedade materna (DM: 0,3; IC95% -4.2 a 4.8 e p: 0.91), dor (DM: 0,0; IC95% -0.8 a 0.7), satisfação (DM:0.9;IC95%: -0.1 a 2.0), fadiga (DM: -0.5;IC95%: -1.4 a 2.5) e a duração do trabalho de parto (DM: 0,28;IC(95% -1,32 a 0,75). Também não houve associação entre o uso dos padrões respiratórios e a via de parto (RR: 0,90;IC95% 0,74 a 1,09) e Apgar de 5 minuto (RR: 1,05; IC95% 0,95 a 1,16). Conclusão: Os resultados mostram que o uso dos padrões respiratórios do tipo respiração lenta e profunda, suspiro pós-expiratório e o retardo expiratório durante o primeiro período do trabalho de parto não se mostraram efetivos no controle da ansiedade, dor, fadiga E SATISFAÇÃO materna. Portanto, a adoção de uma orientação respiratória durante o primeiro período de trabalho de parto deve ser realizada de maneira criteriosa e cautelosa, respeitando-se as preferências da paciente
Objective: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of breathing patterns in controlling maternal anxiety during the first labor period. Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial study, which included 140 primiparous women in active labor, gestational age between 37 and 42 weeks and Age between 12 and 40 years. Multiple pregnancies and dead fetuses were excluded, as well as pregnant women in use of analgesia, who also are clinically unstable and have psychiatric disorders. During admission, a questionnaire was used to identify the sociodemographic and obstetric profile in order to characterize the sample. Maternal anxiety was evaluated with the Trait Anxiety Inventory-State. Pain and maternal satisfaction were evaluated with visual analog scale (VAS) and maternal fatigue was evaluated with modified Borg scale. The groups were randomized into control and intervention (IG = 67; CG = 73). The following breathing standards were used on intervention group: slow, deep breath, sigh with post-expiratory pause and expiratory delay depending on the extension phase and intensity of contraction, while the control group received routine care service. The measurements were made during admission and after 2 hours. Statistical analysis was conducted by comparing the baseline characteristics of the two groups; for categorical variables a chi-square test was used and Fisher exact association, when necessary; for continuous variables, student “t” test was used when these variables were normally distributed, otherwise Mann-Whitney U test was used. For the association between the independent variable and the dependent or predictor variables, mean differences were calculated with their confidence intervals at 95%. For dichotomous dependent variable (mode of delivery, Apgar 5 minutes) relative risk was calculated with confidence intervals at 95%. The Data analysis was performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 20.0 software for Windows. The significance level was set of 5%. .Results of the associations were treated through a sensitivity analysis by intention to treat principle with variables that had missing values. Variables of mode of delivery and Apgar 5 minutes were considered the worst case scenario (cesarean delivery and Apgar 5 minutes <7). For the other variables: anxiety, pain, fatigue and satisfaction maternal data were imputed by the MI method (“Multiple imputation”). This statistical analysis imputation of data was performed using Stata software 12.1SE (StataCorp – College Station, Texas 77845 USA). Results: We found a mean difference (MD) between the degree of maternal anxiety of 0.3 (95% CI -4.2 to 4.8 and p: 0.91), pain (MD: 0.0 (95% CI -0.8 to 0.7 and p: 0.94) , satisfaction (MD: 0.9 (95% CI: -0.1 to 2.0 p: 12:07), fatigue (MD: -0.5 (95% CI: -1.4 2.5 p: 0.6) and the labour the first period duration MD: 0.28 (IC (95%) -1.32 to 0.75). With regards to mode of delivery RR:. 0.90 (95% CI 0.74 to 1.09) and the Apgar score of 5 minutes RR: 1.05 (95% CI 0.95 to 1.16). Conclusion: The results show that the use of breathing patterns type slow and deep breathing, post-expiratory breath and the expiratory delay during the first period of labor were not effective in controlling anxiety, pain, satisfaction and maternal fatigue. Therefore, the adoption of a respiratory guidance during the first period of labor should be performed judiciously and cautiously, respecting the preferences of the patient.
FREIRE, Alessandra da Boaviagem. "Efetividade da utilização dos padrõies respiratórios no controle da ansiedade materna durante o primeiro período de trabalho de parto: ensaio clínico contolado e randomizado." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2015. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/17646.
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FACEPE
Objetivo: Avaliar a efetividade da utilização de padrões respiratórios no controle da ansiedade materna durante o primeiro período de trabalho de parto. Métodos: Trata-se de um ensaio clínico controlado e randomizado, envolvendo 140 primíparas em trabalho de parto ativo, com idade gestacional entre 37 e 42 semanas e Idade entre 12 e 40 anos. Foram excluídas gestações múltiplas e com feto morto, parturientes em uso de analgesia, que apresentem instabilidade clínica e transtornos psiquiátricos. A ansiedade materna (desfecho primário) foi avaliada através do Inventário de Ansiedade Traço-Estado. A dor, satisfação materna e fadiga (desfechos secundários) foram avaliadas através da escala visual analógica (EVA) e da escala modificada de Borg respectivamente. No grupo intervenção foram realizados os seguintes padrões: respiração lenta e profunda, suspiro com pausa pós-expiratória e retardo expiratório a depender da fase da dilatação e intensidade da contração, enquanto que o grupo controle recebeu os cuidados de rotina do serviço. As mensurações foram feitas durante a admissão, e após 2 horas. Para a comparação das características basais dos dois grupos, foram utilizados para as variáveis categóricas os testes qui-quadrado de associação ou exato de Fisher e para as variáveis contínuas o test “t” de Student ou Mann-Whitney. Para a associação entre a variável independente e dependente foram calculadas as diferenças de média (DM) com os respectivos intervalos de confiança a 95%. Para as variáveis dependentes dicotômicas foi calculado o risco relativo (RR) com intervalos de confiança a 95%. Toda a análise desses dados foi realizada nos softwares Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 20.0 para Windows. Admitiu-se o nível de significância de 5%. Os resultados das associações foram tratados através de uma análise de sensibilidade pelo principio de intenção de tratar em apenas as variáveis respostas que apresentaram valores faltantes. Essa análise estatística de imputação dos dados foi realizada com o software Stata 12.1SE (StataCorp - College Station, Texas 77845 USA). Resultados: Não houve diferença entre os grupos em relação ao grau de ansiedade materna (DM: 0,3; IC95% -4.2 a 4.8 e p: 0.91), dor (DM: 0,0; IC95% -0.8 a 0.7), satisfação (DM:0.9;IC95%: -0.1 a 2.0), fadiga (DM: -0.5;IC95%: -1.4 a 2.5) e a duração do trabalho de parto (DM: 0,28;IC(95% -1,32 a 0,75). Também não houve associação entre o uso dos padrões respiratórios e a via de parto (RR: 0,90;IC95% 0,74 a 1,09) e Apgar de 5 minuto (RR: 1,05; IC95% 0,95 a 1,16). Conclusão: Os resultados mostram que o uso dos padrões respiratórios do tipo respiração lenta e profunda, suspiro pós-expiratório e o retardo expiratório durante o primeiro período do trabalho de parto não se mostraram efetivos no controle da ansiedade, dor, fadiga E SATISFAÇÃO materna. Portanto, a adoção de uma orientação respiratória durante o primeiro período de trabalho de parto deve ser realizada de maneira criteriosa e cautelosa, respeitando-se as preferências da paciente
Objective: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of breathing patterns in controlling maternal anxiety during the first labor period. Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial study, which included 140 primiparous women in active labor, gestational age between 37 and 42 weeks and Age between 12 and 40 years. Multiple pregnancies and dead fetuses were excluded, as well as pregnant women in use of analgesia, who also are clinically unstable and have psychiatric disorders. During admission, a questionnaire was used to identify the sociodemographic and obstetric profile in order to characterize the sample. Maternal anxiety was evaluated with the Trait Anxiety Inventory-State. Pain and maternal satisfaction were evaluated with visual analog scale (VAS) and maternal fatigue was evaluated with modified Borg scale. The groups were randomized into control and intervention (IG = 67; CG = 73). The following breathing standards were used on intervention group: slow, deep breath, sigh with post-expiratory pause and expiratory delay depending on the extension phase and intensity of contraction, while the control group received routine care service. The measurements were made during admission and after 2 hours. Statistical analysis was conducted by comparing the baseline characteristics of the two groups; for categorical variables a chi-square test was used and Fisher exact association, when necessary; for continuous variables, student “t” test was used when these variables were normally distributed, otherwise Mann-Whitney U test was used. For the association between the independent variable and the dependent or predictor variables, mean differences were calculated with their confidence intervals at 95%. For dichotomous dependent variable (mode of delivery, Apgar 5 minutes) relative risk was calculated with confidence intervals at 95%. The Data analysis was performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 20.0 software for Windows. The significance level was set of 5%. .Results of the associations were treated through a sensitivity analysis by intention to treat principle with variables that had missing values. Variables of mode of delivery and Apgar 5 minutes were considered the worst case scenario (cesarean delivery and Apgar 5 minutes <7). For the other variables: anxiety, pain, fatigue and satisfaction maternal data were imputed by the MI method (“Multiple imputation”). This statistical analysis imputation of data was performed using Stata software 12.1SE (StataCorp – College Station, Texas 77845 USA). Results: We found a mean difference (MD) between the degree of maternal anxiety of 0.3 (95% CI -4.2 to 4.8 and p: 0.91), pain (MD: 0.0 (95% CI -0.8 to 0.7 and p: 0.94) , satisfaction (MD: 0.9 (95% CI: -0.1 to 2.0 p: 12:07), fatigue (MD: -0.5 (95% CI: -1.4 2.5 p: 0.6) and the labour the first period duration MD: 0.28 (IC (95%) -1.32 to 0.75). With regards to mode of delivery RR:. 0.90 (95% CI 0.74 to 1.09) and the Apgar score of 5 minutes RR: 1.05 (95% CI 0.95 to 1.16). Conclusion: The results show that the use of breathing patterns type slow and deep breathing, post-expiratory breath and the expiratory delay during the first period of labor were not effective in controlling anxiety, pain, satisfaction and maternal fatigue. Therefore, the adoption of a respiratory guidance during the first period of labor should be performed judiciously and cautiously, respecting the preferences of the patient.
Assis, Joice Gomide Nolasco de. "Efeito de uma sessão de exercício muscular inspiratório no sistema cardiovascular em idosos." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2017. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/5784.
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Introdução: Temos presenciado um processo de envelhecimento populacional em todo o mundo. O envelhecimento traz consigo prejuízos cardiovasculares e pulmonares, tornando os idosos mais suscetíveis às doenças. Intervenções que objetivam prevenir ou tratar essas doenças têm sido realizadas na prática clínica e, dentre elas, encontra-se o treinamento muscular inspiratório. No entanto, apesar de conhecidos os efeitos benéficos do treinamento muscular inspiratório, a resposta cardiovascular frente a uma sessão de exercício muscular inspiratório (EMI) precisa ser melhor elucidada. Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito durante e após uma sessão de EMI no sistema cardiovascular em idosos. Método: Foram avaliados 16 voluntários, homens, idosos, sedentários e sem diagnóstico de doença cardiovascular ou pulmonar. De forma randomizada, os voluntários participaram de duas sessões experimentais: EMI compostos de 8 séries de dois minutos com 1 minuto de repouso entre as séries e com 40% da pressão inspiratória máxima e outra sessão Sham, realizada da mesma forma, porém sem carga. Foram avaliados pressão arterial (PA) (Finometer Pro); volume sistólico (VS), débito cardíaco (DC), resistência vascular periférica total (RVPT - Finometer Pro); fluxo sanguíneo muscular (Plestimógrafo Hokanson) e frequência cardíaca (FC - ECG). A resistência vascular do antebraço (RVA) foi calculada pela fórmula pressão arterial média dividida pelo fluxo sanguíneo do antebraço e reportada em unidades. A função barorreflexa espontânea foi avaliada pelo método sequencial (domínio do tempo) utilizando o software CardioSeries v2.4. Todas as variáveis foram mensuradas durante e após as sessões, por 60 minutos. Foi registrada PA de 24 horas após as sessões. Para as respostas durante e após sessões (recuperação de 60 minutos), bem como para o comportamento temporal de 24 horas, foi utilizado Anova de dois fatores com post hoc de Bonferroni quando necessário. Para as características hemodinâmicas dos voluntários em repouso antes das sessões experimentais (EMI ou Sham), para os valores de Borg após o exercício (EMI e Sham), assim como para as respostas de 24 horas de vigília e sono, foi realizado teste t de Student para amostras pareadas. Resultados: Durante ambas as sessões experimentais, verificamos elevação da FC, diminuição do VS, aumento pressórico não sustentado, manutenção do DC, RVA e RVPT. Nos 60 minutos de recuperação após ambas as sessões experimentais, verificamos diminuição da FC manutenção do VS, redução do FSM, aumento pressórico e de RVA e RVPT. Após a sessão EMI observamos manutenção do DC e após sessão Sham diminuição do DC. Os índices da função barorreflexa mantiveram-se com os valores inicias. Os valores médios de pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica de 24 horas após ambas as sessões experimentais foram similares. Conclusão: Conclui-se que homens idosos sem doenças cardiovasculares diagnosticadas, durante uma sessão de EMI apresentam aumento da FC, aumento não sustentado da pressão arterial, diminuição do VS e manutenção do DC e RVPT. Conclui-se ainda que idosos, nos primeiros 60 minutos de recuperação após EMI apresentam redução da FC, aumento da pressão arterial, manutenção do VS e DC, elevação da RVPT, diminuição do FSM, aumento da RVA e manutenção dos índices de função barorreflexa. Por fim, conclui-se que não há diferenças na recuperação de 24h da pressão arterial entre as sessões EMI e Sham.
Introduction: The world is experiencing an increase of older population. Aging brings detrimental effects to the heart and lungs, which makes elders more susceptible to diseases. Interventions aiming to prevent or treat those diseases have been conducted in clinical practices, and among them is the inspiratory muscle training (IMT). Despite the known beneficial effects of IMT, the acute cardiovascular response to the inspiratory muscular exercise (IME) needs to be better understood. Objective: To evaluate the effects during and after a session of IME in elderly people. Method: Sixteen volunteers were evaluated, all men, elderly, sedentary, with no previous diagnosis of cardiovascular or pulmonary disease. The volunteers were randomly disposed into two experimental sessions: IME was composed of eight series of two minutes each, with one minute of rest between series, and with 40% of the maximum inspiratory pressure, and then another Sham session which was conducted the same way, but without weights. The evaluated indicators were: blood pressure (BP) (Finometer Pro); stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO), total peripheral vascular resistance (TPVR - Finometer Pro); forearm blood flow (FBF - Hokanson Plestimograph) and heart rate (HR - ECG). The forearm vascular resistance (FVR) was calculated through the following formula: mean arterial pressure divided by the forearm blood flow, and reported in units. The spontaneous baroreflex function was evaluated through the sequential method (time domain) using the software CardioSeries v2.4. All variables were measured during the sessions, and during 60 minutes imediatly after the sessions. BP was recorded for 24 hours after the sessions. For the responses during and after sessions (recovery of 60 minutes) as well as for the 24-hour temporal behavior, we used Anova of two factors with post hoc of Bonferroni when necessary. A Student's t-test over the paired sample was conducted for the volunteers' resting hemodynamic characteristics, before the experimental sessions (IME and Sham), for the Borg values after the exercises (IME and Sham), as well as for the 24 hours response. We adopted as effect size, Cohen’s d. Results: During both experimental sessions, we found HR elevation, reduction of SV, a non-sustained rise in BP, and the non-modification of CO, FVR and TPVR values. In the 60 minutes of recovery, for both sessions, the reduction of the HR, non-modification of SV values, reduction of FBF, rise in BP, FVR e TPVR were noticed. In the IME session the non-modification of the CO levels were observed, but in the Sham session they were reduced. In the 60 minutes of recovery the baroreflex function’s indices remained unaltered. The mean values for the systolic and diastolic blood pressure of the 24 hours after both experimental sessions were very similar. Conclusion: Elderly men without previously diagnosed cardiovascular diseases will display raised HR, raised non-sustained BP, reduced SV, and unaltered levels of CO and TPVR during IME sessions. The study also allow us to conclude that elderly men, during the first 60 minutes after an IME session, display reduced HR, raised BP, unaltered levels of SV and CO, elevated TPVR, reduced FBF, raised FVR and unaltered indices of barorrefex function. Finally, through this study, we are able to learn that there is no difference in the 24 hour BP recovery between the sessions where IME and Sham were conducted.
DIAS, Aíla Maria Castro. "EFEITO DO FORTALECIMENTO MUSCULAR INSPIRATÓRIO NA FORÇA MUSCULAR RESPIRATÓRIA, VARIABILIDADE DA FREQUÊNCIA CARDÍACA, PRESSÃO ARTERIAL E QUALIDADE DE VIDA DE MULHERES EM HEMODIÁLISE." Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2017. https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/tede/2016.
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CAPES.
Introduction: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a gradual onset disease in which the individual becomes subject to dialysis, defined by structural abnormalities of the kidneys that can lead to a reduction in renal function, diagnosed by a glomerular filtration of less than 60 ml/min /1.73 m2 for a period of three months or more. Hemodialysis (HD) is the most used treatment, being responsible for extracorporeal blood filtration. In the muscular system, the most affected by muscular atrophy would be the respiratory system. Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of morbidity and mortality in this population. More than 50% of all deaths occurring in renal patients are due to cardiovascular events. With the dysfunctional autonomic nervous system (ANS), there is a reduction in heart rate variability (HRV) and the development of complex arrhythmias. The multiple limitations and complications of CKD have a negative impact on the quality of life of these patients.Objective: Investigating whether inspiratory muscle training (IMT) in chronic renal patients on hemodialysis can provide additional benefits to the cardiopulmonary system, the autonomic nervous system, and quality of life. Methods: Thirteen women in Hemodialysis Treatment were selected for an inspiratory muscle training program (IMT) with Threshold IMT at 40% of Maximum Inspiratory Pressure (MIP) for 30 daily minutes, during 7 days, for 12 weeks. The maximal MIP and Expiratory Pressure (MEP), blood pressure (BP) before and after each training, Heart Rate Variability (HRV) analysis, pulmonary functional capacity were assessed by the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) and the quality of life by KDQOLSFTM. Results: MIP increased -35.33 ± 20.49 cmH20 to -58.89 ± 23.02 cmH20 (p <0.0028), from MEP 51.67 ± 30 cmH20 to 65.56 ± 20.07 cmH20 (p <0.0281). In the HRV there was no statistically significant improvement. Quality of life improved on Symptoms/ Problems scores at weeks 4, 8 and 12 compared to week 0 (p <0.0009), and on Cognitive Function with improvement at week 12 compared to week 0 (p <0.0491) . The creatinine values presented a statistically significant decrease in the values of weeks 4, 8 and 12 compared to week 0, with p = 0.0004. Conclusion: IMT proved to be an easily applicable alternative treatment for improving respiratory muscle strength and serum creatinine levels, and may be widely used in patients with CKD, concomitant with hemodialysis treatment.
Introdução: A Doença Renal Crônica (DRC) é uma doença de início gradativo, na qual o indivíduo se torna sujeito ao tratamento dialítico, definido por anormalidades estruturais dos rins que podem levar à redução da função renal, diagnosticada por uma filtração glomerular menor que 60 ml/min/1,73 m2 durante um período de três meses ou mais. A hemodiálise (HD) é o tratamento para a DRC mais utilizada, sendo responsável pela filtração extracorpórea do sangue. No sistema muscular, o mais afetado por atrofia muscular, é o sistema respiratório. As doenças cardiovasculares são a principal causa de morbidade e mortalidade nessa população. Mais de 50% do total de mortes que ocorrem nos doentes renais são por eventos cardiovasculares. Com o sistema nervoso autônomo (SNA) disfuncional, há uma redução na variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC) e o desenvolvimento de arritmias complexas. As limitações e complicações múltiplas da DRC têm um impacto negativo na qualidade de vida desses pacientes. Objetivo: Investigar se o treinamento muscular inspiratório (TMI) nos pacientes renais crônicos em hemodiálise pode proporcionar benefícios adicionais ao sistema cardiopulmonar, ao sistema nervoso autônomo e na qualidade de vida. Metodologia: Foram selecionadas 13 mulheres em Tratamento Hemodialítico, para um programa de treinamento da musculatura inspiratória (TMI), com Threshold IMT, a 40% da Pressão Inspiratória Máxima (PImax) por 30 minutos diários, 7 dias, por 12 semanas. Foram avaliadas a PImáx e Pressão Expiratória máxima (PEmáx), pressão arterial (PA) antes e após cada treino, análise da Variabilidade da Frequência Cardíaca (VFC), capacidade funcional pulmonar pelo Teste de caminhada de 6 minutos (TC6) e da qualidade de vida pelo KDQOL-SFTM. Resultados: Foi encontrado aumento da PImáx -35,33±20,49 cmH20 para -58,89± 23,02cmH20 (p<0,0028), da PEmáx 51,67±30cmH20 para 65,56± 20,07cmH20 (p<0,0281). Na VFC não houve melhora estatisticamente significativa. A qualidade de vida apresentou melhoras nos escores Sintomas/Problemas nas semanas 4,8 e 12 comparado à semana 0 (p<0,0009), e na Função Cognitiva com melhora na semana 12 comparada à semana 0 (p<0,0491). Os valores de creatinina apresentaram diminuição estatisticamente significativa nos valores das semanas 4, 8 e 12 comparados a semana 0, com p = 0,0004. Conclusão: O TMI mostrou ser uma alternativa de tratamento de fácil aplicação para melhora da força muscular respiratória e nos valores de creatinina sérica, podendo ser amplamente utilizado em pacientes com DRC, concomitante ao tratamento hemodialítico.
Ponce, Inês. "A efetividade do treino respiratório na doença de Parkinson: uma revisão da literatura." Bachelor's thesis, [s.n.], 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/10190.
Full textObjetivo: Determinar a efetividade do treino respiratório na Doença de Parkinson (DP). Metodologia: Pesquisa computadorizada realizada utilizando a combinação de palavras-chave: (“Parkinson’s disease”) AND (“Respiratory training” OR “Breathing exercises” OR “Respiratory muscles”) para as bases dados PubMed, CENTRAL, Lilacs e SciELO. Para a base de dados PEDro utilizou-se (“Respiratory training” /” breathing exercises”/“respiratory muscles”) com o termo relacionado com a condição (“Parkinson’s disease”). A qualidade metodológica foi analisada através da escala de PEDro. Resultados: Nesta revisão foram incluídos 6 artigos que cumpriram os critérios de elegibilidade com um total de 216 participantes e com média aritmética de 6,50/10 na escala de PEDro. Conclusão: Diferentes técnicas de treino respiratório parecem ter efeito positivo e deve ser considerado quando indivíduos com DP apresenta disfunção respiratória.
Objective: To determine the effectiveness of respiratory training in individuals with Parkinson´s Disease (PD). Methodology: Computerized research carried out in the databases PubMed, Cochrane Library, PEDro, Lilacs e SciELO, performed using the combination of keywords: (“Parkinson’s disease”) AND (“Respiratory training” OR “Breathing exercises” OR “Respiratory muscles”) for the databases PubMed, CENTRAL, Lilacs e SciELO. For the PEDro database was used the search terms (“Respiratory training” /” breathing exercises”/“respiratory muscles”) with the term related to the condition (“Parkinson’s disease”). The Methodological quality was analyzed using the PEDro scale. Results: This review include 6 articles that met eligibility criteria with a total of 216 participants and with an arithmetic mean of 6,50/10 on the PEDro scale. Conclusion: Respiratory Training shows positive effects and should be considered when people with PD experience respiratory dysfunction.
N/A
Brage, Johan, and Leonard Hellström. "The Power of Ice : Effekten på livskvalitet till följd av köldterapi i kombination med andningsövning och meditation." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-82429.
Full textTrevizan, Patricia Fernandes. "Efeitos do treinamento físico aeróbico associado ao treinamento respiratório no controle neurovascular e na força muscular respiratória em pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5131/tde-20062017-151204/.
Full textIntroduction: Sympathetic hyperactivity is a hallmark of heart failure (HF). Studies indicate that changes in chemoreflex sensitivity as a potential mechanism for this autonomic alteration. On the other hand, it is known that aerobic training and respiratory muscle training reduce muscular sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA). Objective: In this study we tested the following hypotheses: 1) combined respiratory training and aerobic training promove a more pronuciate effect on MSNA, muscle blood flow (MBF) and respiratory muscle strength in HF patients; 2) respiratory training and aerobic training improve chemorreflex control of MSNA. Methods: Patients aged 30 to 70 years, left ventricular ejection fraction <= 40% and functional class II / III (NYHA) were included. Patients were randomized into 4 groups: 1) control (Untrained, n = 10), 2) respiratory training (n = 11), 3) aerobic training (n = 9) and 4) combined training (n= 9). The MSNA was evaluated by the microneurography technique and the MBF by the venous occlusion plethysmography technique. Peripheral chemoreflex control was evaluated by inhaling hypoxic gas mixture (10% O2 and 90% N2) and the central chemoreflex control by inhaling the hypercapnic gas mixture (7% CO2 and 93% O2). The functional capacity was evaluated by the cardiopulmonary test. Respiratory muscle strength was assessed by maximal inspiratory pressure (PI Max) and by esophageal, gastric and transdiaphragmatic pressure. Quality of life was assessed by the Minnesota Questionnaire. Aerobic training was conducted for four months, 3 times per week, for 40 min at moderate intensity. Respiratory training consisted of inspiratory muscle training for four months, 5 times per week for 30 min, at 60% of PI Max. Results: Respiratory, aerobic and combined training reduced the MSNA and increased the MBF at rest. The comparison between the groups did not show differences of responses among the trained groups. Aerobic and combined training increased functional capacity (peak VO2 and peak load). PI Max was higher in patients submitted to combined and respiratory training. Quality of life improved in the 3 trained groups. Aerobic training and respiratory training reduced the MSNA response during stimulation of peripheral chemoreceptors. No changes were observed in the control group. Conclusion: Both respiratory training and aerobic training improve neurovascular control at rest. However, respiratory training combined with aerobic training does not cause additional benefit in neurovascular control in patients with systolic HF. Respiratory training and respiratory training improve the MSNA response to stimulation of peripheral chemoreceptors
Cruz, Marina Zuanazzi [UNESP]. "A respiração como ferramenta para a autorregulação psicofisiológica em crianças pré-escolares: um estudo baseado na variabilidade da frequência cardíaca." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/143970.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
INTRODUÇÃO: O aprendizado de habilidades de autorregulação contribui para um adequado desenvolvimento neurobiológico e psicossocial na infância. Neste estudo, investigamos a respiração como ferramenta para promover a autorregulação em crianças em idade pré-escolar. A modulação respiratória tem sido utilizada como técnica na promoção da regulação psicofisiológica, devido à sua ação benéfica sobre o funcionamento do sistema nervoso autônomo (SNA), ao seu importante papel na regulação do metabolismo e por promover o alinhamento de sistemas oscilatórios do corpo. O estudo teve como objetivos avaliar a capacidade de aprendizagem de uma técnica de respiração em crianças pré-escolares, contribuir para o entendimento de como a modulação respiratória atua sobre suas fisiologias e apoiar o desenvolvimento de estratégias educacionais e programas de intervenção em saúde que adotem a respiração como um método para promover a autorregulação psicofisiológica em crianças. MÉTODOS: Participaram do estudo 42 crianças na faixa etária entre cinco e seis anos. Todas receberam um treinamento diário, com duração de oito semanas, para a prática de uma técnica respiratória (respiração lenta, profunda, com tempos iguais de inspiração e expiração). Para a avaliação dos efeitos da respiração sobre o SNA, foram feitas análises da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC) nos domínios da coerência cardiorrespiratória, do tempo, da geometria, da frequência e do caos (não-linearidade). Dados da VFC (intervalos de tempo de batimento a batimento) foram coletados em dois momentos, com duração de cinco minutos cada: primeiro com as crianças em repouso e com respiração espontânea, depois durante a prática da técnica respiratória. Dados foram coletados ao final da primeira, da quarta e da oitava semana do treinamento. RESULTADOS: Houve um aumento significativo e progressivo da coerência cardiorrespiratória, com elevação expressiva na porcentagem de alta coerência (p < 0,0001), o que indica maior sincronização da função autonômica. Índices do domínio do tempo (Mean RR, SDNN, RMSSD, pNN50) e geométrico (SD1) apontaram para uma significante redução da VFC e da atividade parassimpática. Não foram observadas alterações significantes no domínio da frequência. No domínio da não-linearidade, houve alterações significantes em alguns índices específicos (ApEn, MSE área 1_5, DFAαl, ShanEnt e Lmean) indicando ganho de complexidade, otimização da fractabilidade e afastamento da linearidade, tudo isso representativo de melhora da saúde cardíaca. O grupo controle não apresentou diferenças significantes entre os dois momentos, exceto para um aumento da frequência cardíaca no segundo momento. CONCLUSÃO: A melhora progressiva da coerência cardiorrespiratória gerada por meio de autoaplicação da técnica de respiração, mostra que houve aprendizado, o que indica que crianças em idade pré-escolar são capazes de se autorregularem através de exercícios respiratórios. Isso torna a respiração uma estratégia promissora na promoção da autorregulação psicofisiológica em crianças. A respiração lenta e ritmada também mostrou efeitos fisiológicos bastante contundentes nas crianças. As análises mostraram redução da VFC e do tônus parassimpático associada a uma maior coerência cardiorrespiratória e ao aumento da complexidade do sistema cardíaco. Os resultados encontrados neste estudo contribuíram para o levantamento de uma nova hipótese: a de que a respiração lenta age seletivamente na regulação do SNA, aumentando ou reduzindo o tônus vagal, a depender do estado fisiológico inicial. Estudos futuros são necessários para testar e validar esta hipótese.
INTRODUCTION: Learning self-regulation skills contributes for proper neurobiological and psychosocial development in childhood. In this study, we investigated the role of breathing as a tool to promote self-regulation in preschool-aged children. Respiratory modulation has been used as a technique in promoting psychophysiological regulation, due to its beneficial effect on the functioning of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), to its important role in the regulation of metabolism, and for promoting the entrainment of all the oscillatory systems in the body. The study aimed to evaluate the capacity of preschool children to learn a breathing technique for self-regulation, to contribute to the understanding of how the respiratory modulation acts on their physiology, and to support the development of educational strategies and health intervention programs that adopt breathing as a method to promote psychophysiological self-regulation in children. METHODS: The study included 42 children aged between five and six years. All received a daily training, with eight weeks duration, for practicing a breathing technique (slow breathing with equal times of inhalation and exhalation). For the assessment of the effects of breathing on the ANS, analyses of heart rate variability (HRV) were made in cardiorespiratory coherence and in the time, geometry, frequency, and chaos (nonlinearity) domains. HRV data (the beat-to-beat intervals) were collected in two phases, lasting five minutes each: first with the children at rest with spontaneous breathing, then during the practice of the breathing technique. Data were collected at the end of the first, fourth, and eighth weeks of training. RESULTS: There was a significant and progressive increase in the cardiorespiratory coherence, with a remarkable increase in the percentage of high coherence (p < 0.0001), indicating greater synchronization of the autonomic function. Time domain (Mean RR, SDNN, RMSSD, pNN50), and geometric domain (SD1) indices pointed to a reduction in HRV and parasympathetic activity. There were no significant changes in the frequency domain. In the area of nonlinearity, there were significant changes in some specific indices (ApEn, MSE area 1_5, DFAαl, ShanEnt and Lmean) indicating gain in complexity, optimized fractability, and departure from linearity, all representative of improved heart health. The control group showed no significant differences between the two moments, except for an increase in heart rate in the second moment. CONCLUSION: The progressive improvement in the levels of heart rate coherence, generated by self-application of the breathing technique, shows that there was learning, which indicates that pre-school aged children are able to self-regulate through breathing exercises. This makes breathing a promising strategy in promoting psychophysiological self-regulation in children. The slow and paced breathing also showed quite compelling physiological effects in the children. The analyses showed reductions in the HRV and in the parasympathetic tone associated with a higher cardiorespiratory coherence and an increased complexity of the cardiac system. The results of this study contributed to the rise of a new hypothesis: that slow breathing acts selectively in the regulation of ANS, increasing or reducing the vagal tone, depending on the initial physiological state. Future studies are needed to test and validate this hypothesis.
Limongi, Vivian 1988. "Estudo do perfil e dos efeitos de um programa de intervenção fisioterapêutica respiratória em candidatos à transplante de fígado = Study of the profile and the effects of a respiratory physiotherapeutic intervention program in candidates for liver transplantation." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/313007.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
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Resumo: Os candidatos à transplante de fígado podem apresentar desnutrição, fadiga, perda de massa e função muscular. A associação desses fatores induz à deficiência motora global e à inatividade física. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o perfil dos candidatos à transplante de fígado acompanhados no Gastrocentro - UNICAMP, bem como os efeitos de um programa de intervenção respiratória fisioterapêutica nesta população. Foram avaliados a PImáx e PEmáx por manovacuometria, atividade elétrica muscular do reto abdominal e diafragma por eletromiografia de superfície e anotados os valores de RMS quando solicitado uma respiração forçada a cada três segundos. A função pulmonar foi avaliada pela espirometria e a qualidade de vida pela aplicação do questionário SF-36. Participaram do estudo do perfil 62 pacientes, 74,2% do sexo masculino, idade 55,5±9,5 anos e MELD corrigido 18,6±5,1. A maioria com diagnóstico de cirrose por HVC (24,2%). Mais da metade (56,4%) eram ex-tabagistas, 72,6% ex-etilistas, 46,8% relataram dispneia, e a ascite esteve presente em 40,3% dos indivíduos. Houve diferença significante (p=0,017) entre a PImáx mensurada e PImáx predita para idade e gênero. Os pacientes apresentaram em média valores acima de 80% do predito para as variáveis obtidas por meio da espirometria e baixa pontuação em todos os domínios do questionário SF-36. Dos 62 pacientes, foram randomizados 37 pacientes para constituírem os grupos controle e intervenção, sendo que 23 participaram do grupo controle e 14 do grupo intervenção. As avaliações foram realizadas antes da intervenção, e após três meses desta. Os exercícios foram supervisionados à distância, mensalmente sempre pelo mesmo observador. A intervenção consistiu de um manual ilustrativo e explicativo a ser seguido em casa, com os exercícios de respiração diafragmática; exercício isométrico diafragmático, Threshold IMT®; elevação de membros superiores com bastão e fortalecimento dos abdominais. Todos os exercícios foram realizados em três séries, 15 repetições. Para treinamento com o Threshold IMT® foi utilizada uma carga de 23 a 40 cmH2O, ajustada para cada paciente de acordo com a sua tolerância. Durante os três meses, o indivíduo treinou com a mesma carga estabelecida na avaliação inicial. Houve aumento significativo (p=0,017) da PImáx no grupo controle e grupo intervenção após três meses; bem como nos domínios do SF-36, Estado Geral de Saúde (p=0,019) e Saúde Mental (p=0,004). O RMS do diafragma diminuiu no grupo intervenção (p=0,001) e houve aumento do escore de Capacidade Funcional (p=0,006) no tempo final, comparado ao grupo controle. Concluindo, o estudo do perfil dos pacientes em lista de espera para transplante de fígado revelou que eles apresentavam força muscular inspiratória diminuída em comparação ao predito para idade e gênero, função pulmonar preservada e a qualidade de vida prejudicada. A intervenção proposta foi capaz de melhorar a força muscular inspiratória dos pacientes, e consequentemente, reduzir a atividade elétrica do diafragma. Além disso, o grupo intervenção apresentou melhora na qualidade de vida, principalmente no escore Capacidade Funcional do SF-36
Abstract: Candidates for liver transplantation may have malnutrition, fatigue, loss of muscle mass and function. The combination of these factors leads to global motor impairment and physical inactivity. The aim of the study was to evaluate the profile of candidates for liver transplantation followed at Gastrocentro - UNICAMP, and evaluate the effects of a program of respiratory physiotherapy intervention in this population. MIP and MEP were assessed by manometer, electrical muscle activity of the rectus abdominis and diaphragm was measured by surface electromyography, the RMS values were noted every three seconds, in this period the patient made forced breath. The pulmonary function was evaluated by spirometry and the SF-36 questionnaire was applied. The study of profile evaluated 62 patients, 74,2% males, age 55,5±9,5 and corrected MELD 18,6±5,1. Cirrhosis due to HCV was found in most patients (24,2%). More than half of the patients (56,4%) were former smokers, 72,6% were ex-alcoholics, 46,8% reported dyspnea, and ascites was present in 40,3% of patients. There was a significant difference (p=0,017) between the measured MIP and MIP predicted for age and gender. Patients had a mean values above 80% of predicted for the variables obtained by spirometry and low scores in all domains of the SF-36. Of the 62 patients, 37 patients were randomized to constitute the control and intervention groups, of which 23 participated in the control group and 14 in the intervention group. Evaluations were performed before the intervention, and three months after that. The exercises were supervised from a distance, monthly by the same observer. The evaluations were conducted before the intervention, and after three months of it. The intervention consisted of an explanatory and illustrative manual to be followed at home with diaphragmatic breathing exercises, diaphragmatic isometric exercise, Threshold IMT®, lifting upper with bat and strengthening the abdominals. All exercises were performed in three sets, 15 repetitions. For training with Threshold IMT®, a load 23-40 cmH2O adjusted for each patient according to their tolerance was used. During the three months, the subject trained with the same charge established in the initial evaluation. A significant increase of MIP (p=0,017) was found in bouth groups after three months; as well as in domains of SF-36, General Health (p=0,019) and Mental Health (p=0,004). The RMS of the diaphragm decreased in the intervention group (p=0,001) and the score of Functional Capacity increased (p=0,006) at the end of time, compared to the control group. In conclusion, the study of the profile of patients on the waiting list for liver transplantation revealed that they had decreased inspiratory muscle strength compared to the predicted for age and gender, lung function preserved and impaired quality of life. The proposed intervention was able to improve inspiratory muscle strength of patients, and hence reduce the electrical activity of the diaphragm. In addition, the intervention group showed improvement in quality of life, especially in the Functional Capacity, a SF-36 domain
Mestrado
Fisiopatologia Cirúrgica
Mestra em Ciências
Silva, Andrea Kaarina Meszaros Bueno. "Efeitos da fisioterapia respiratória pré-operatória em pacientes candidatos à cirurgia bariátrica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5154/tde-01062009-102817/.
Full textBACKGROUND: Obesity is an increasingly prevalent universal disease acquiring epidemic proportions and is one of the main problems of modern public healthcare. There is consensus that the clinical approach is usually ineffective in more serious cases of obesity and bariatric surgery constitutes a better treatment option. Bariatric surgery is currently the best therapeutic modality for massive weight loss maintained over time and consequently offers a cure or control of associated diseases, which is its main goal. AIM: The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of an intensive preoperative chest physiotherapy program on morbidly obese patients scheduled to undergo bariatric surgery with the intention of improving lung function and verify the relationship between clinical (sleep apnea and spirometry) and circumferences of the neck, chest and abdominal. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-four morbidly obese candidates for bariatric surgery with clinical symptoms of sleep apnea (snoring, restless sleep, morning headaches and excessive daytime sleep) and/or a restrictive, obstructive, nonspecific or mixed spirometry pattern were selected. The selection of patients for surgical treatment was supervised by the Department of Obesity Surgery of the University Hospital of the University of São Paulo. Patients were selected based on their availability regarding the preoperative therapy, willingness to participate in the study and having signed a term of informed consent. Male and female participants between 20 and 75 years of age were included. All were submitted to preoperative chest physiotherapy program and two evaluations: 15 days prior to surgery and a second 1 day prior to surgery. The following variables were analyzed: circumference of the neck, chest, abdomen and hip; body mass index (BMI); respiratory rate (RR); arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2); slow vital capacity (SVC); minute volume (Vol-min); maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP); spirometry; Borg Rate of Perceived Exertion (RPE); and clinical signs of sleep apnea. Two groups: control group (G1) and experimental group (G2). The G2 was submitted a program of preoperative respiratory therapy. RESULTS: There were favorable significant differences between evaluations for the following variables: FEV1/FVC 1 and VEF1/CVF 2 of G1 and G2 (p-valor =0.030 and 0.005) MIP (p = 0.032); RR (p = 0.001); Borg RPE (p = 0.001); SpO2 (p = 0.001) of G2. CONCLUSION: A chest physiotherapy program is capable of improving lung volume, lung capacity and respiratory muscle strength in morbidly obese patients in preoperative preparation for bariatric surgery. There is correlation between thorax and abdominal circumference and clinical symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea.
Correia, Ana Filomena Vieira. "Efeitos da Fisioterapia respiratória em adultos com asma: uma revisão sistemática." Bachelor's thesis, [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/2541.
Full textObjectivo: Determinar a efectividade da Fisioterapia em pacientes adultos com asma. Metodologia: Pesquisa computorizada nas bases de dados Pubmed/Medline, EBSCO e PEDro para identificar estudos randomizados controlados que avaliaram o efeito de intervenções de Fisioterapia em pacientes adultos com asma. Resultados: Nesta revisão foram incluídos 10 estudos envolvendo 729 pacientes, com classificação metodológica de 5,8 na escala de PEDro. Dos estudos incluídos nesta revisão, 7 avaliaram a Fisioterapia através de exercícios respiratórios, 4 referem-se a uma reeducação respiratória e 3 associam a intervenção de Fisioterapia com Ventilação Não Invasiva (VNI). Conclusão: A evidência consultada nesta revisão sistemática sugere que a Fisioterapia desempenha um papel importante no tratamento da asma, nomeadamente através de uma reeducação respiratória e da aplicação de exercícios respiratórios. Da pesquisa efectuada, sugere-se a relevância de novas investigações no sentido da intervenção da Fisioterapia na asma, em todas as suas vertentes, devido à escassa evidência existente. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of physiotherapy in adult patients with Asthma. Methodology: Research on computerized databases Pubmed/Medline, EBSCO and PEDro to identify randomized controlled trials that evaluated the effect of physiotherapy interventions in adult patients with asthma. Results: This review included 10 studies involving 729 patients, with methodology classification of 5,8 on the PEDro scale. From the studies included in this review, 7 evaluated the physiotherapy through breathing exercises, 4 refer to a respiratory retraining and 3 associate physiotherapy intervention with noninvasive ventilation (NIV). Conclusion: The evidence found in this systematic review suggests that physiotherapy plays an important role in the treatment of asthma, namely through a respiratory retraining and the application of breathing exercises. From the search carried, it’s suggested the relevance of further research in the way of physiotherapy in asthma, in all its aspects, due to the limited existing evidence.
Cruz, Marina Zuanazzi. "A respiração como ferramenta para a autorregulação psicofisiológica em crianças pré-escolares um estudo baseado na variabilidade da frequência cardíaca /." Botucatu, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/143970.
Full textResumo: INTRODUÇÃO: O aprendizado de habilidades de autorregulação contribui para um adequado desenvolvimento neurobiológico e psicossocial na infância. Neste estudo, investigamos a respiração como ferramenta para promover a autorregulação em crianças em idade pré-escolar. A modulação respiratória tem sido utilizada como técnica na promoção da regulação psicofisiológica, devido à sua ação benéfica sobre o funcionamento do sistema nervoso autônomo (SNA), ao seu importante papel na regulação do metabolismo e por promover o alinhamento de sistemas oscilatórios do corpo. O estudo teve como objetivos avaliar a capacidade de aprendizagem de uma técnica de respiração em crianças pré-escolares, contribuir para o entendimento de como a modulação respiratória atua sobre suas fisiologias e apoiar o desenvolvimento de estratégias educacionais e programas de intervenção em saúde que adotem a respiração como um método para promover a autorregulação psicofisiológica em crianças. MÉTODOS: Participaram do estudo 42 crianças na faixa etária entre cinco e seis anos. Todas receberam um treinamento diário, com duração de oito semanas, para a prática de uma técnica respiratória (respiração lenta, profunda, com tempos iguais de inspiração e expiração). Para a avaliação dos efeitos da respiração sobre o SNA, foram feitas análises da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC) nos domínios da coerência cardiorrespiratória, do tempo, da geometria, da frequência e do caos (não-linearidade). Dados da VFC (inter... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Doutor
Mizuno, Julio [UNESP]. "Efeitos de uma sequência de prática do yoga sobre parâmetros bioquímicos e hemodinâmicos de pacientes com hipertensão arterial." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/87401.
Full textConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
A prática de exercícios de Yoga pode proporcionar inúmeros benefícios à saúde, atuando como terapia complementar em patologias como a hipertensão arterial. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever os efeitos de uma combinação de seqüências de práticas de yoga realizadas durante quatro meses sobre os parâmetros hemodinâmicos (frequência cardíaca e pressão arterial), bioquímicos (concentração plasmática de colesterol e suas frações, triglicerídeos e glicemia) e a percepção da qualidade de vida em pacientes portadores de hipertensão arterial. Trinta e três voluntários (64±9 anos) participaram do estudo. Três homens e 14 mulheres (68±7 anos) realizaram aulas de yoga durante quatro meses (GY), enquanto dois homens e 14 mulheres (58±8 anos) constituíram o grupo controle (GC), sem intervenção. Os alunos do GY compareceram nas aulas três vezes por semana e realizaram exercícios de yoga em uma seqüência composta por alongamentos, exercícios de respiração, posturas do yoga, relaxamento e meditação. Durante o experimento foram observadas a pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica, frequência cardíaca e respiratória, perfil bioquímico (glicemia de jejum, colesterol total, LDL-colesterol, HDL-colesterol e triglicerídeos) e qualidade de vida (SF-36). Os dados foram submetidos a análise estatística para verificar a normalidade (Shapiro Wilk), a diferença entre os grupos (Mann-Whitney) e entre momentos pré e pós intervenção (Wilcoxon); a variação ao longo dos meses (ANOVA para medidas repetidas) e correlação entre valores iniciais e diferenças finais (Sperman). Foi adotado nível de significância de p<0,05. Os resultados apontaram melhora significativa no valor médio de pressão arterial sistólica final do GY comparado com o valor inicial (113,8±7,7 versus 120,7±7,9; p<0,05), enquanto a pressão arterial diastólica não apresentou diferenças...
The practice of Yoga exercises can provide numerous health benefits, acting as a complementary therapy in diseases like hypertension. The aim of this study was to describe the effects of a combination of yoga sequences carried out during four months, on the hemodynamic parameters (heart rate and blood pressure), biochemical (plasma cholesterol concentrations and its fractions, triglycerides and glucose) and the perception of quality of life in hypertension patients. Thirty-three volunteers (64 ± 9 years) participated in the study. Three men and 14 women (68 ± 7 years) conducted yoga classes for four months (YG), while two men and 14 women (58 ± 8 years) constituted the control group (CG) without intervention. The yoga goers attended the YG classes three times a week and did yoga exercises in a sequence consisting of stretching, breathing exercises, yoga postures, relaxation and meditation. During the experiment it was measured systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate and respiratory rate, biochemical profile (fasting glucose, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides) and quality of life (SF-36). Data were subjected to statistical analysis to ensure normality (Shapiro Wilk), the difference between the groups (Mann-Whitney test) and between pre and post intervention (Wilcoxon), the variation over the months (repeated measures ANOVA) and correlation differences between initial and final values (Spearman). The significance level was p <0.05. The results showed significant improvement in the average of final systolic blood pressure compared with the initial value (113.8 ± 7.7 versus 120.7 ± 7.9, p <0.05) in the YG, while diastolic blood pressure did not showed differences between times. In the CG the initial and final mean of systolic and diastolic blood pressure showed no difference statistically significant. Regarding the biochemical profile, we found... (Complete abstract click electronic access below
Kawauchi, Tatiana Satie. "Efeitos de um programa combinado de treinamento muscular inspiratório e de fortalecimento muscular periférico na capacidade respiratória, na capacidade funcional e na qualidade de vida de indivíduos com insuficiência cardíaca avançada." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5170/tde-15122015-105659/.
Full textIntroduction: Heart failure (HF) is a multisystem syndrome and a final common pathway of several cardiovascular diseases that results in reduction of the functional capacity and symptoms such as early fatigue, dyspnea and reduction in quality of life. To improve the respiratory and functional capacity of these patients, strategies such as peripheral muscle strengthening and inspiratory muscle strengthening can be used. Objective: To assess the effects of a combined inspiratory and resistance training at low intensity (LRT) and moderate intensity (MRT) on the respiratory muscle strength, functional capacity and quality of life in patients with HF. Methods: Fifty-three patients aged >= 18 years, New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class II-III and left ventricular ejection fraction < 40% were randomly assigned to a control group (non-exercise), the LRT group (15% maximal inspiratory workload and 0.5 kg of peripheral muscle workload) or the MRT group (30% maximal inspiratory workload and 50% of 1 maximum repetition peripheral muscle workload). Both training programs were performed along 8-weeks and 7 sections/week with 45 min each exercise section. We assessed quality of life using questionnaires, respiratory muscle strength, pulmonary function, airway inflammation, peripheral muscle strength, walking distance and NYHA functional class along the study period. Results: After 8- weeks, all patients from Control (n=9), LRT (n=13) and MRT (n=13) reported 10% improvement in quality of life. LRT and MRT resulted in respiratory muscle improvement (24 and 33%, respectively) and peripheral muscle strength in upper limbs (41 and 72%, respectively) and in lower limbs (28 and 47%, respectively), besides improvement in walking distance (9 and 16%, respectively). The MRT also improved expiratory muscle strength and NYHA functional class. Conclusions: The MRT improved inspiratory, expiratory and peripheral muscle strength, walking distance and NYHA functional class in HF patients. However, the LRT also was beneficial to improve inspiratory and peripheral muscle strength and walking distance. Therefore, LRT is an efficient rehabilitation method for both debilitated HF patients and/or for patients awaiting cardiac transplantation
Гусейнов, Артур Валерійович, and Artur Valeriiovych Huseinov. "Стан здоровʼя дорослого населення та шляхи його покращення в умовах пандемії COVID-19." Master's thesis, СумДПУ імені А. С. Макаренка, 2021. http://repository.sspu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/12117.
Full textQualification work is devoted to the study of the health of the adult population of Sumy region in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. An analysis of the demographic situation of Sumy region, which, compared to other regions of Ukraine, remains one of the worst, which poses a high risk to further socio-economic well-being of the region. In terms of population, the region ranks 19th among the regions of Ukraine. The results of the study indicate that the structure of the prevalence of diseases among the adult population of Sumy region by major classes of diseases in 2020 was traditional. As in previous years, the first place in the structure was occupied by diseases of the circulatory system. The second place belonged to respiratory diseases, the third place in the ranking went to digestive diseases. The structure of morbidity of the adult population of Sumy region in 2020 was dominated by respiratory diseases. Diseases of the circulatory system took second place, injuries, poisonings and some other consequences of external causes - third. The study developed measures to prevent respiratory diseases in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. One of the main preventive measures in increasing the body's immune defense mechanisms is the use of exercise in combination with natural factors. Breathing exercises are an effective way to prevent viral diseases in a pandemic and to improve health after suffering from respiratory diseases.
Mizuno, Julio. "Efeitos de uma sequência de prática do yoga sobre parâmetros bioquímicos e hemodinâmicos de pacientes com hipertensão arterial /." Rio Claro : [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/87401.
Full textBanca: Angelina Zanesco
Banca: Elisa Harumi Kozasa
Resumo: A prática de exercícios de Yoga pode proporcionar inúmeros benefícios à saúde, atuando como terapia complementar em patologias como a hipertensão arterial. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever os efeitos de uma combinação de seqüências de práticas de yoga realizadas durante quatro meses sobre os parâmetros hemodinâmicos (frequência cardíaca e pressão arterial), bioquímicos (concentração plasmática de colesterol e suas frações, triglicerídeos e glicemia) e a percepção da qualidade de vida em pacientes portadores de hipertensão arterial. Trinta e três voluntários (64±9 anos) participaram do estudo. Três homens e 14 mulheres (68±7 anos) realizaram aulas de yoga durante quatro meses (GY), enquanto dois homens e 14 mulheres (58±8 anos) constituíram o grupo controle (GC), sem intervenção. Os alunos do GY compareceram nas aulas três vezes por semana e realizaram exercícios de yoga em uma seqüência composta por alongamentos, exercícios de respiração, posturas do yoga, relaxamento e meditação. Durante o experimento foram observadas a pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica, frequência cardíaca e respiratória, perfil bioquímico (glicemia de jejum, colesterol total, LDL-colesterol, HDL-colesterol e triglicerídeos) e qualidade de vida (SF-36). Os dados foram submetidos a análise estatística para verificar a normalidade (Shapiro Wilk), a diferença entre os grupos (Mann-Whitney) e entre momentos pré e pós intervenção (Wilcoxon); a variação ao longo dos meses (ANOVA para medidas repetidas) e correlação entre valores iniciais e diferenças finais (Sperman). Foi adotado nível de significância de p<0,05. Os resultados apontaram melhora significativa no valor médio de pressão arterial sistólica final do GY comparado com o valor inicial (113,8±7,7 versus 120,7±7,9; p<0,05), enquanto a pressão arterial diastólica não apresentou diferenças... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The practice of Yoga exercises can provide numerous health benefits, acting as a complementary therapy in diseases like hypertension. The aim of this study was to describe the effects of a combination of yoga sequences carried out during four months, on the hemodynamic parameters (heart rate and blood pressure), biochemical (plasma cholesterol concentrations and its fractions, triglycerides and glucose) and the perception of quality of life in hypertension patients. Thirty-three volunteers (64 ± 9 years) participated in the study. Three men and 14 women (68 ± 7 years) conducted yoga classes for four months (YG), while two men and 14 women (58 ± 8 years) constituted the control group (CG) without intervention. The yoga goers attended the YG classes three times a week and did yoga exercises in a sequence consisting of stretching, breathing exercises, yoga postures, relaxation and meditation. During the experiment it was measured systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate and respiratory rate, biochemical profile (fasting glucose, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides) and quality of life (SF-36). Data were subjected to statistical analysis to ensure normality (Shapiro Wilk), the difference between the groups (Mann-Whitney test) and between pre and post intervention (Wilcoxon), the variation over the months (repeated measures ANOVA) and correlation differences between initial and final values (Spearman). The significance level was p <0.05. The results showed significant improvement in the average of final systolic blood pressure compared with the initial value (113.8 ± 7.7 versus 120.7 ± 7.9, p <0.05) in the YG, while diastolic blood pressure did not showed differences between times. In the CG the initial and final mean of systolic and diastolic blood pressure showed no difference statistically significant. Regarding the biochemical profile, we found... (Complete abstract click electronic access below
Mestre
Seixas, Mariana Balbi. "Efeito do exercício muscular inspiratório sobre a modulação autonômica cardíaca em idosos." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2017. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/5617.
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O treinamento muscular inspiratório promove efeitos crônicos positivos sobre variáveis fisiológicas em diferentes populações, incluindo idosos. No entanto, o conhecimento dos efeitos agudos cardiovasculares promovidos pelo exercício muscular inspiratório (EMI) ainda é escasso. Considerando-se que o envelhecimento fisiológico prejudica a modulação autonômica cardíaca e que esta é visivelmente afetada pela respiração, torna-se relevante investigar as respostas aguda e tardia de uma sessão de EMI sobre o controle autonômico dos batimentos cardíacos em idosos. Para isso, quinze idosos não tabagistas e sedentários, foram submetidos aleatoriamente à duas sessões de exercício: EMI de moderada intensidade (40% da pressão inspiratória máxima) e Sham (sem carga resistiva). A modulação autonômica cardíaca foi avaliada pelas seguintes medidas de variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC) calculadas nos domínios do tempo e da frequência: duração média dos intervalos R-R normais (MNN), desvio padrão dos intervalos R-R normais (SDNN), raiz média quadrática da diferença entre intervalos R-R normais sucessivos (RMSSD), potências espectrais de baixa (LF) e alta frequência (HF), em unidades absolutas (ms2) e normalizadas (u.n.), e razão LF/HF. O efeito agudo foi estudado pela comparação das medidas de VFC obtidas a partir do sinal do eletrocardiograma (ECG) de curta duração na condição basal (antes do exercício) e na recuperação por uma hora pósexercício (Rec 1 = 10’- 15’; Rec 2 = 25’- 30’; Rec 3 = 40’- 45’e Rec 4 = 55’- 60’). O efeito tardio foi investigado pela análise das medidas de VFC obtidas pelo sinal do ECG de longa duração, coletado por equipamento de monitorização ambulatorial, comparando cada hora após a colocação do aparelho em relação à primeira hora, e também os períodos de vigília-noite (18:00 às 21:00), sono (00:00 às 05:00) e vigília-dia (08:00 às 14:00), determinados pelos registros nos diários dos participantes. O teste de análise de variância de duas entradas para medidas repetidas, seguido do post hoc de Tukey, foi empregado para todas as comparações, sendo considerado nível de significância α = 5%. Adicionalmente, foi calculado o tamanho do efeito (d de Cohen) para avaliação da magnitude do efeito agudo observado em cada sessão de exercício. Agudamente houve aumento significativo do MNN (P <0,001) durante toda a recuperação. Além disso, as medidas SDNN (P = 0,01), RMSSD (P <0,001) e as potências espectrais LF (ms2) (P < 0,001) e HF (ms2) (P < 0,001) aumentaram significativamente a partir da Rec 2 em comparação ao basal. Não foram encontradas diferenças para as demais medidas, bem como entre as sessões de exercício para nenhuma variável. A análise do d de Cohen mostrou que a carga moderada potencializou o efeito agudo observado nas medidas de VFC. De forma tardia, as intervenções não promoveram efeitos significativos na modulação autonômica cardíaca, já que as alterações observadas ao longo das horas subsequentes às sessões de exercício e nos períodos de sono e vigílias relacionam-se às mudanças inerentes ao ritmo circadiano: aumento de medidas que refletem a modulação vagal durante o sono. Assim, concluiu-se que uma sessão EMI de moderada intensidade promove melhora aguda da modulação autonômica cardíaca e não gera efeitos tardios significativos nas medidas de VFC em idosos.
Inspiratory muscle training promotes positive chronic effects on physiological variables in different populations, including the elderly. However, knowledge is scarce in relation to the acute cardiovascular effects promoted by the inspiratory muscle exercise (IME). Considering that physiological aging impairs cardiac autonomic modulation and that it is noticeably affected by breathing, it becomes relevant to investigate the acute and late responses of a single IME session on the autonomic control of the heart beats in elderly. Fifteen non-smokers and sedentary elderly were randomly assigned to two exercise sessions: moderate intensity IME (40% maximal inspiratory pressure) and Sham (no resistive load). Cardiac autonomic modulation was assessed by the following measures of heart rate variability (HRV) calculated in time and frequency domains: mean duration of normal RR intervals (MNN), standard deviation of normal RR intervals (SDNN), root of the mean square differences of successive normal RR intervals (RMSSD), power of the spectral bands of low (LF) and high (HF) frequencies in absolute (ms2) and normalized (n.u.) units, and LF/HF ratio. The acute effect was studied by comparing the HRV measures obtained from the short-term electrocardiogram (ECG) signal at baseline (before exercise) and for one hour post-exercise recovery (Rec 1 = 10’- 15’; Rec 2 = 25’- 30’; Rec 3 = 40’- 45’and Rec 4 = 55’- 60’). The late effect was investigated by the analysis of the HRV measures obtained from the long-term ECG signal, collected continuously by ambulatory monitoring equipment, comparing every hour after the device was placed in relation to the first hour, and also between the periods wake-night (18:00 to 21:00), sleep (00:00 to 05:00) and wake-day (08:00 to 14:00), determined by the participant’s records. The two-factor analysis of variance with repeated measures was used for all comparisons, followed by Tukey's post hoc, and significance level α = 95% was considered. In addition, the effect size (Cohen's d) was calculated to assess the magnitude of the acute effect observed in each exercise session. There was a significant increase in MNN (P <0.001) throughout the recovery. In addition, SDNN (P = 0.01) and RMSSD (P <0.001) measures and LF (ms2) (P <0.001) and HF (ms2) (P <0.001) spectral bands increased significantly from Rec 2 compared to baseline. No differences were found for the other HRV measures, as well as between the exercise sessions for neither variable. The analysis of Cohen's d showed that the moderate load potentiated the acute effect observed in HRV measures. Late, interventions did not promote significant effects on cardiac autonomic modulation, since the changes observed during the hours following the exercise sessions and in the sleep and wake periods are related to the changes inherent to the circadian rhythm: increase of measures that reflect vagal modulation during sleep. Thus, it was concluded that a single moderate-intensity IME session promotes an acute improvement in cardiac autonomic modulation and does not generate significant late effects on HRV measures in elderly men.
Franco, Satiko Shimada. "Efetividade das técnicas de fisioterapia respiratória na recuperação da função pulmonar em pós-operatório de cirurgia valvar mitral: estudo comparativo entre exercícios respiratórios e incentivador inspiratório." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5152/tde-04022016-110155/.
Full textINTRODUCTION: Pulmonary expansion techniques are routinely used in the recovery of pulmonary function in the postoperative period of heart valve surgery. Our hypothesis is that the techniques of breathing exercises and incentive spirometry present effects of non-inferiority in pulmonary function when applied in patients evaluated by a risk score, which present postoperative pulmonary dysfunction features and were classified as level 1 of physiotherapeutic assistance. OBJECTIVES: a) to compare the pulmonary function of patients with postoperative pulmonary dysfunction, submitted to the techniques of breathing exercises and incentive spirometry in the postoperative mitral valve surgery; b) to study the influence of the type of mitral valve disease, stenosis and regurgitation in the pulmonary function evolution; c) to compare the pulmonary function evolution between patients with severe and non-severe pulmonary arterial hypertension. METHODS: The data were collected in the preoperative, on the return to the patient\'s ward (postoperative) and 5 days after intervention of the techniques of lung expansion. The patients were randomized to the EXE group (breathing exercises) and IS group (incentive spirometry) performed three sets of exercises with 10 repetitions, followed by cough, mobilization exercises and ambulation. Pulmonary function was assessed by spirometry, oxygenation, maximal respiratory muscle pressures and pulmonary collapse using chest X-rays. The statistical analysis ANOVA for repeated measures, chi-square test or Fisher, Student\'s t-test for significance level of p < 0.05. RESULTS: Of 153 patients 116 were included and classified as level 1 physiotherapeutic assistance with 59 patients (51%) in the EXE group and 57 (49%) in the IS group. There were no statistically significant differences between groups, except for the thoracoabdominal motion in the EXE group had a greater number of cases with earlier recovery. Lung function decreased significantly in the postoperative period, with partial recovery at 5th day of intervention (p < 0.05). Heart and respiratory rate remained high (p < 0.05). The lung collapse rates before and after the study were 61% and 43% in the EXE group and 51% and 35% in IS group. There were no statistically significant differences when we compared the patients with stenosis and mitral regurgitation. PAP >= 50mmHg patients (n= 55) had mild restrictive ventilatory pattern and reduced oxygenation in the pre-operative. CONCLUSIONS: The evolution of pulmonary function of EXE and IS groups with pulmonary dysfunction, classified by physiotherapeutic assessment system showed non-inferiority between techniques in the mitral valve surgery postoperative. The recovery of pulmonary function was not different between mitral stenosis and regurgitation. The presence of severe pulmonary hypertension no affects the evolution of pulmonary function in patients in the postoperative mitral valve surgery
Delgado, Renata N?brega. "Efeitos do treinamento muscular inspirat?rio domiciliar sobre a atividade eletromiogr?fica dos m?sculos respirat?rios em asm?ticos: estudo piloto." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2013. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/16743.
Full textAsthma treatment aims to achieve and maintain the control of the disease for prolonged periods. Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) may be an alternative in the care of patients with asthma, and it is used as a complementary therapy to the pharmacological treatment. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a domiciliary program of IMT on the electromyographic activity of the respiratory muscles in adults with asthma. This is a clinical trial in which ten adults with asthma and ten healthy adults were randomized into two groups (control and training). The electrical activity of inspiratory muscles (sternocleidomastoid (ECM) and diaphragm) was obtained by a surface electromyography. Furthermore, we assessed lung function (spirometry), maximal inspiratory pressure - MIP - (manometer). The functional capacity was evaluated by six minute walk test. Participants were assessed before and after the IMT protocol of 6 weeks with POWERbreathe? device. The training and the control groups underwent IMT with 50% and 15 % of MIP, respectively. The sample data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0, attributing significance of 5 %. Were used t test, ANOVA one way and Pearson correlation. It was observed an increase in MIP, after IMT, in both training groups and in healthy sham group (P < 0.05), which was accompanied by a significant increase in ECM activity during MIP in healthy training group (1488 %) and in asthma training group (ATG) (1186.4%). The ATG also showed a significant increase in diaphragm activity in basal respiration (48.5%). Functional capacity increased significantly in the asthma sham group (26.5 m) and in the asthma training group (45.2 m). These findings suggest that IMT promoted clinical improvements in all groups, especially the ATG, which makes it an important complementary treatment for patients with asthma
O tratamento da asma visa obter e manter o controle da doen?a por per?odos prolongados. O Treinamento Muscular Inspirat?rio (TMI) pode ser uma alternativa na assist?ncia ao paciente asm?tico, sendo utilizado como tratamento complementar ao farmacol?gico Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi investigar os efeitos de um programa domiciliar de TMI sobre a atividade eletromiogr?fica dos m?sculos respirat?rios em adultos asm?ticos. Trata-se de um ensaio cl?nico em que dez adultos asm?ticos e dez saud?veis foram randomizados em dois grupos (sham e treinamento). A atividade el?trica dos m?sculos inspirat?rios (esternocleidomast?ideo (ECM) e diafragma) foi obtida pela eletromiografia de superf?cie. Al?m disso, foram avaliados a fun??o pulmonar, press?o inspirat?ria m?xima (PIm?x) e capacidade funcional. Os participantes foram avaliados antes e ap?s um protocolo de TMI de 6 semanas. Os grupos treinamento e sham realizaram o TMI com 50% e 15% da PIm?x, respectivamente. Observou-se aumento da PIm?x, ap?s o TMI, nos grupos treinamento e no saud?veis sham (P< 0,05), que foi acompanhado pelo aumento significativo da atividade do ECM durante a PIm?x no grupo treinamento saud?veis (1488%) e no grupo treinamento asm?tico (GTA) (1186,4%). O GTA tamb?m apresentou um aumento significativo da atividade do diafragma na respira??o basal (48,5%). A capacidade funcional aumentou significativamente no grupo sham asm?ticos (26,5m) e no grupo treinamento asm?tico (45,2m). Esses achados sugerem que o TMI promoveu melhoras cl?nicas em todos os grupos, com destaque para o GTA, sendo um op??o n?o farmacol?gica importante para indiv?duos asm?ticos
Silva, Mayra dos Santos [UNIFESP]. "O treinamento inspiratório com threshold aumenta a sensibilidade à insulina de pacientes idosos portadores de resistência à insulina." Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2010. http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/9872.
Full textAs alterações fisiológicas presentes no processo de envelhecimento podem acarretar declínios fisiológicos marcantes na função pulmonar e metabólica, podendo afetar na qualidade de vida do idoso. O envelhecimento está associado à resistência a insulina, caracterizada pela diminuição da resposta insulínica aos estímulos, cujos efeitos progressivos podem levar a intolerância à glicose e diabetes tipo 2. Sendo assim, o objetivo proposto neste estudo foi investigar a influência do treinamento muscular inspiratório através do Threshold® sobre a resistência à insulina em pessoas idosas. O estudo envolveu a participação de 14 pacientes idosos voluntários, com idade variando de 61 a 82 anos, sedentários, com IMC entre 18,75 a 36,7, resistentes à insulina, de ambos os sexos, sem patologias pulmonares e cardiovasculares prévias do ambulatório do Hospital Geral de Taipas. Os pacientes selecionados foram submetidos à avaliação laboratorial, a avaliação física e avaliação cardiorrespiratória. Sendo posteriormente divididos em dois grupos: Grupo controle e Grupo experimental. O programa teve duração de 12 semanas e ambos os grupos realizaram o treinamento 07 vezes por semana, sendo 06 vezes domiciliar e 01 vez no ambulatório com duração de 30 minutos diários. Após o término de 12 semanas, todos os pacientes foram reavaliados, onde a comparação dos grupos após o período de estudo mostrou que o grupo que sofreu intervenção obteve melhora da força e desempenho muscular respiratório e diminuição dos valores metabólicos, sendo considerado estatisticamente significativo a diminuição dos valores de glicemia, insulina e do HOMA IR, dado este importante devido a correlação entre envelhecimento e resistência à insulina. Os dados sugerem que o treinamento muscular inspiratório melhora a sensibilidade à insulina em pacientes portadores de resistência à insulina.
The physiological degenerations in the aging process can cause physiological decline in the pulmonary and metabolic function, being able to affect in the elder quality of life. The aging is association with insulin resistance, characterized for the reduction of the insulin reply to the stimulations, whose gradual effect can take the glucose intolerance and diabetes type 2. Therefore, the objective in this study was to investigate the influence of the inspiratory muscular training through the Threshold® on the insulin resistance in aged people. The study involved the participation of 14 elder voluntaries, with age between 61 and 82 years old, sedentaries, with BMI between 18,75 - 36,7 and insulin resistants with lipids alterations, of both genders, without previous pulmonary and cardiovascular disease at the clinic of the Taipas Hospital. The selected patients have been submitted to the Laboratorial Test, the physical Test and Cardiopulmonary Test. After the test, the patients were divided in two groups: Control group and Experimental Group. The program had duration of 12 weeks and both the groups did the inspiratory muscle training 07 times per week, being 06 times domiciliary and 01 time in the clinic with duration of 30 minutes daily. All tests were repeated after 12 weeks of inspiratory muscle training, where the comparison between the groups after the period of study showed that the group that suffered intervention got an improvement of the respiratory muscular performance and force, reduction of metabolic values. It being considered statistical significant the reduction of the values in glicemic, insulin and HOMA IR, this is important because the correlation between aging and insulin resistance. The data suggest that the inspiratory muscle training improves the insulin sensibility in insulin resistance patients.
TEDE
BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações
Johansson, Henrik. "Exercise induced breathing problems in adolescents." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Fysioterapi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-264370.
Full textBARROS, Marcely Kellyane Florenço. "Efeito da respiração fresno labial sobre volumes pulmonares, mobilidade diafragmática e tolerância ao exercício em pacientes com doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2015. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/17659.
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A respiração freno labial (RFL) é muitas vezes utilizada espontaneamente para alívio da dispnéia em pacientes com Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica (DPOC). A realização da técnica favorece a saída do ar dos pulmões com menor resistência, uma vez que induz pressões respiratórias na boca que previnem o colapso precoce das vias aéreas. A RFL tem sido associada à redução da hiperinsuflação dinâmica (HD), redução da frequência respiratória (f), melhora do volume corrente (VC) e saturação periférica de oxigênio (SpO2). Por apresentar esses benefícios a utilização da técnica tem sido recomendada nos programas de reabilitação pulmonar durante o repouso, exercício e recuperação pós-exercício. Os efeitos na tolerância ao exercício têm sido estudados apenas com testes que utilizem caminhada, sem averiguar efeitos na fadiga de membros superiores (MMSS). Também não são encontrados estudosque apontemos benefícios da utilização da RFL na posição supina com inclinação 45º e seu impacto nos volumes pulmonares e mobilidade diafragmática. Sendo assim, esta dissertação teve como objetivos: 1) realizar uma revisão sistemática com metanálise averiguando os efeitos da RFL sobre a tolerância ao exercício e dispnéia nos pacientes com DPOC; 2) realizar um ensaio clínico para avaliar o efeito da RFL na posição supina a 45º sobre os volumes pulmonares e a mobilidade diafragmática e averiguar a tolerância ao exercício com o teste Glittre-AVD em pacientes com DPOC. A revisão sistemática mostrou que a grande maioria dos estudos concorda que os pacientes mais gravemente obstruídos e que não realizam a técnica da RFL espontaneamente são os que mais se beneficiam. Entretanto na metanálise esse resultado não foi expressivo, não se podendo concluir melhora nos desfechos estudados. O ensaio clínico controlado randomizado do tipo crossover realizado com 14 pacientes DPOC apontou aumento dos volumes com a utilização da RFL em todos os compartimentos torácicos (parede torácica, caixa torácica pulmonar, caixa torácica abdominal e abdômen), tempo total do ciclo respiratório (Ttot) (p<0,0001), tempo inspiratório (Ti) (p=0.002) e tempo expiratório (Te) (p< 0.0001) com diminuição da frequência respiratória (f) (p< 0.0001) e razão Ti/Ttot (p=0,008). Não foram observadas diferenças nos Volumes Expiratórios Finais (VEF) de todos os compartimentos, entretanto foi achado um aumento nos Volumes Inspiratórios Finais (VIF) (p<0.0001). Não houve mudanças na mobilidade diafragmática. No teste Glittre-AVD verificou-se redução significativa da f com a utilização da RFL (p= 0,001). Em relação ao índice de dispnéia e fadiga, foi verificada diminuição na percepção de fadiga de membros superiores (Borg MMSS) (p=0,04).
The pursed lips breathing (PLB) is often spontaneously use for relief of dyspnea in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). The performance of the technique favors the outflow of air from the lungs with a lower resistance, since it induces respiratory pressures in the mouth to prevent premature collapse of airways. The PLB has been linked to reduced dynamic hyperinflation (DH), reduced respiratory rate (rr) improvement of tidal volume (TV) and peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2). By presenting these benefits using the technique has been recommended in pulmonary rehabilitation programs during rest, exercise and post-exercise recovery. The effects on exercise tolerance have been studied only to tests that use walk without ascertain effects on fatigue from upper limb. Nor are found estudosque's aim benefits of using RFL in the supine position with 45 ° inclination and its impact on lung volumes and diaphragmatic excursion. Thus, this work aimed to: 1) conduct a systematic review with meta-analysis ascertaining the effects of PLB on exercise tolerance and dyspnea in patients with COPD; 2) conduct a clinical trial to evaluate the effect of PLB in the supine position 45 on lung volumes and diaphragmatic mobility and assess exercise tolerance with Glittre-AVD test in patients with COPD. A systematic review showed that the vast majority of studies agree that the most severely obstructed patients and they do not realize the PLB technical spontaneously are the ones who benefit most. However meta-analysis in this result was not significant and can not be complete improvement in outcomes studied. The clinical trial with 14 patients COPD pointed increasing the volume with the use of PLB in all thoracic compartments (chest wall, pulmonary rib cage, abdominal rib cage and abdomen), total respiratory cycle (Ttot) (p <0, 0001), inspiratory time (Ti) (p = 0.002) and expiratory time (Te) (p <0.0001) with decreased respiratory rate (rr) (p <0.0001) and reason Ti / Ttot (p = 0.008). No differences were observed in expiratory volumes final (VEF) from all compartments, however was found an increase in inspiratory volumes final (VIF) (p <0.0001). There were no changes in diaphragmatic excursion. In Glittre-AVD test there was a significant reduction of f using the PLB (p = 0.001). Compared with the index of dyspnea and fatigue was observed decrease in the perception of fatigue from upper limb (p = 0.04).
Fernandes, Marcelo. "Estudo do padrão respiratório, movimentação toracoabdominal e ventilação em pacientes portadores de doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica durante respiração diafragmática." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5131/tde-11032008-100300/.
Full textIntroduction: Diaphragmatic breathing (DB) is a technique which is part of a set of self-care actions in the lung rehabilitation program for the purpose of improving the ventilatory mechanical and reducing dyspnea. There are doubts, however, as to its effects and recommended use. In this context we assessed the effect of the DB on respiratory pattern, thoracoabdominal motion and ventilation in patients with chronic pulmonary obstructive disease (COPD). Method: Forty-four subjects aged between 45 and 75 years were studied according to the degree of obstruction of the airway (FEV1). This group was subdivided into three: a control group and two others, respectively, of moderate and severe COPD. Their breathing pattern, thoracoabdominal motion and ventilation by means of respiratory inductive plethysmograph (Respitrace) and metabolic analysis of gases (MGC) systems were assessed during ten minutes. After four minutes of quiet breathing, the subjects would perform two minutes of the DB and four other minutes of quiet breathing. Dyspnea was assessed before, during and after diaphragmatic breathing (modified Borg scale). Diaphragmatic mobility was assessed by thoracic radiography. Results: An increase in tidal volume and a reduction in breathing frequency were found during DB as from the rise in mean inspiratory flow and inspiratory time. There was greater participation of the abdominal compartment with the moderate group presenting asynchronous motion. The pulmonary ventilation increased together with the reduction of the ventilation in the dead space and of the ventilatory equivalent for carbonic gas, with the increase in arterial oxygen saturation. Diaphragmatic mobility, absence of dyspnea, minor degree of hypoxemia and coordinated thoracoabdominal motion were associated with the better DB performance. Conclusions: Diaphragmatic breathing is capable of promoting an improvement in the breathing pattern and ventilatory efficiency without provoking dyspnea in patients whose muscular respiratory system has been preserved.
Powell, Tom. "Work of breathing in exercise and disease." Thesis, University of South Wales, 2010. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/work-of-breathing-in-exercise-and-disease(51104f52-5c03-4a4a-8c0a-f951fdf6388e).html.
Full textPereira, Katia de Souza. ""Estudo comparativo de exercícios respiratórios em piscina aquecida para asmáticos graves e moderados: impacto de uma sessão"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5160/tde-13042006-104043/.
Full textIt was developed an original exercises program for asthmatic patients using breathing exercises in warm-water pool, conducted by a physiotherapist and subsequently compared with the same program performed in land in order to evaluate the effects of a single session respiratory exercise program. 40 adult patients, with moderated to severe asthma, without medical treatment, using only short action ß2 agonist were randomly allocated this study. It was evaluated the lung function, muscle strength, thoracic and abdominal circumference measurement, posture and anxiety. It was concluded that the water intervention is not harmful for the patients, offering some benefits which exceed those obtained in land, as thoracic mobility, reeducation of the respiratory pattern, improvement of the dyspnea and anxiety scores