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Journal articles on the topic "Bredasdorp"

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Baiyegunhi, Temitope Love, Kuiwu Liu, Oswald Gwavava, and Christopher Baiyegunhi. "Petrography and Tectonic Provenance of the Cretaceous Sandstones of the Bredasdorp Basin, off the South Coast of South Africa: Evidence from Framework Grain Modes." Geosciences 10, no. 9 (August 28, 2020): 340. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences10090340.

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The Cretaceous sandstones of the Bredasdorp Basin were investigated to recognize their composition, provenance, and tectonic setting. Ninety-two samples of sandstones from exploration wells E-AH1, E-AJ1, E-BA1, E-BB1, and E-D3 were investigated using both petrographic and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. Petrographic studies based on quantitative investigation of the detrital framework grain shows that the Bredasdorp sandstones chiefly consist of quartz (52.2–68.0%), feldspar (10.0–18.0%), and lithic fragments (5.0–10.2%). These sandstones are mostly fine grained, moderately well-sorted, and subrounded to rounded. The modal composition data shows that the sandstones could be classified as subarkosic arenite and lithic arkose. Such a composition of the sandstones perhaps indicates the interplay of pulses of fast uplift of the source area and rapid subsidence of the Bredasdorp Basin, with subsequent periods of calmness within the transgressive-regressive sequence in a rift tectonic regime. The provenance ternary diagrams revealed that the sandstones are mainly of continental block provenances (stable shields and basement uplifted areas) and complemented by recycled sands from an associated platform. The tectonic provenance studies of Bredasdorp Basin revealed that the sandstones are typically rift sandstones and have undergone long-distance transport from the source area along the rift. In the regional context of the evolution of the Bredasdorp Basin, the results presented in this study inferred that the basin developed on a rift passive setting (trailing edge) of the stable continental margins.
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Baiyegunhi, Temitope Love, Kuiwu Liu, Oswald Gwavava, Nicola Wagner, and Christopher Baiyegunhi. "Geochemical Evaluation of the Cretaceous Mudrocks and Sandstones (Wackes) in the Southern Bredasdorp Basin, Offshore South Africa: Implications for Hydrocarbon Potential." Minerals 10, no. 7 (June 30, 2020): 595. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10070595.

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The southern Bredasdorp Basin, off the south coast of South Africa, is only partly understood in terms of its hydrocarbon potential when compared to the central and northern parts of the basin. Hydrocarbon potential assessments in this part of the basin have been limited, perhaps because the few drilled exploration wells were unproductive for hydrocarbons, yielding trivial oil and gas. The partial integration of data in the southern Bredasdorp Basin provides another reason for the unsuccessful oil and gas exploration. In this study, selected Cretaceous mudrocks and sandstones (wacke) from exploration wells E-AH1, E-AJ1, E-BA1, E-BB1 and E-D3 drilled in the southern part of the Bredasdorp Basin were examined to assess their total organic carbon (TOC), thermal maturity, organic matter type and hydrocarbon generation potential. The organic geochemical results show that these rocks have TOC contents ranging from 0.14 to 7.03 wt.%. The hydrogen index (HI), oxygen index (OI), and hydrocarbon index (S2/S3) values vary between 24–263 mg HC/g TOC, 4–78 mg CO2/g TOC, and 0.01–18 mgHC/mgCO2 TOC, respectively, indicating predominantly Type III and IV kerogen with a minor amount of mixed Type II/III kerogen. The mean vitrinite reflectance values vary from 0.60–1.20%, indicating that the samples are in the oil-generation window. The Tmax and PI values are consistent with the mean vitrinite reflectance values, indicating that the Bredasdorp source rocks have entered the oil window and are considered as effective source rocks in the Bredasdorp Basin. The hydrocarbon genetic potential (SP), normalized oil content (NOC) and production index (PI) values all indicate poor to fair hydrocarbon generative potential. Based on the geochemical data, it can be inferred that most of the mudrocks and sandstones (wackes) in the southern part of the Bredasdorp Basin have attained sufficient burial depth and thermal maturity for oil and gas generation potential.
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Baiyegunhi, Temitope Love, Kuiwu Liu, Oswald Gwavava, and Christopher Baiyegunhi. "Textural characteristics, mode of transportation and depositional environment of the Cretaceous sandstone in the Bredasdorp Basin, off the south coast of South Africa: Evidence from grain size analysis." Open Geosciences 12, no. 1 (November 28, 2020): 1512–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/geo-2020-0135.

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AbstractA total of 92 representative sandstone samples of the Bredasdorp Basin in boreholes E-AH1, E-AJ1, E-BA1, E-BB1 and E-D3 have been investigated for their grain size characteristics. Grain size textural parameters and their cross plots, linear discriminate functions (LDFs), C–M (C = first percentile and M = median) diagram and log–probability plots were calculated and interpreted to understand the mode of transportation and hydrodynamic conditions and also to unravel the depositional environments of the sediments. The grain size textural parameters revealed that the Bredasdorp sandstones are unimodal, predominantly fine-grained, moderately well-sorted, mesokurtic and near symmetrical. The bivariate plots of grain size textural parameters indicate that the depositional environments had been influenced mainly by river/beach/coastal dune conditions. The LDF plots show that the sediments are turbidity current deposits in a shallow marine environment. The C–M diagram revealed that the studied sandstones were mainly deposited by traction currents and beach process. In addition, the grain size log–probability curves and C–M diagram show the predominance of suspension and saltation modes of sediment transportation. Based on the inter-relationship of the various statistical parameters, it is deduced that the Bredasdorp Basin are mainly shallow marine deposits with signature of beach and coastal river processes.
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Linder, H. P. "Ceratocaryum pulchrum, a new restioid from the Bredasdorp plains." South African Journal of Botany 61, no. 4 (August 1995): 222–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0254-6299(15)30518-4.

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NORDENSTAM, B. "TWO NEW SPECIES OF OSTEOSPERMUM (COMPOSITAE–CALENDULEAE) FROM SOUTHWESTERN CAPE PROVINCE, SOUTH AFRICA." Edinburgh Journal of Botany 60, no. 3 (November 2003): 259–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960428603000234.

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The tribe Calenduleae of the Compositae (Asteraceae) has a pronounced centre of diversity in South Africa, particularly in Cape Province. The largest genus, Osteospermum L., contains c.50 species in Africa and southwestern Arabia, including about 40 in Cape Province. Two new species are described here, both narrowly endemic in southwestern Cape Province. Osteospermum australe is confined to lowland coastal limestone areas in Bredasdorp district, whereas Osteospermum burttianum has a restricted distribution in the Langebergen mountains in Heidelberg district.
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Manning, J. C., and P. Goldblatt. "Three new species of Tritoniopsis (Iridaceae: Crocoideae) from the Cape Region of South Africa." Bothalia 31, no. 2 (September 17, 2001): 175–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v31i2.516.

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Three new species of the largely Western Cape genus Tritoniopsis L.Bolus are described, bringing the number of species in the genus to 24. Tritoniopsis bicolor and T. flava are newly discovered, narrow endemics of the Bredasdorp Mountains and the Kogelberg Biosphere Reserve, respectively, in the southwestern Cape. Both of these are areas of high local endemism. T. toximontana, known since at least 1465 but misunderstood, is restricted to the Gifberg-Matsikamma Mountain complex of northern Western Cape. Notes on the pollination biology of the species are provided.
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Galley, C. A., and H. P. Linder. "New species and taxonomic changes within Pentaschistis (Danthonioideae, Poaceae) from Western Cape, South Africa." Bothalia 36, no. 2 (August 21, 2006): 157–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v36i2.354.

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Three new species of Pentaschistis (Nees) Stapf are described from the Cape Floristic Region. P. trifida. P clavata and P. horrida. The former has been collected from inland ranges of the Cape Fold Belt, from the Cederberg to the Groot Swartberg. the last two each from single sites in the Koue Bokkeveld: P. clavata on the wetter western border, and P. horrida on the Baviaansberg. Pentaschistis juncifolia Stapf is re-instated, a species from the coastal plains (Hardeveld) between Bredasdorp and Riversdale, which had been included in P. eriostoma (Nees) Stapf.
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Magoba, Moses, and Mimonitu Opuwari. "Petrophysical interpretation and fluid substitution modelling of the upper shallow marine sandstone reservoirs in the Bredasdorp Basin, offshore South Africa." Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology 10, no. 2 (November 7, 2019): 783–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13202-019-00796-1.

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Abstract The fluid substitution method is used for predicting elastic properties of reservoir rocks and their dependence on pore fluid and porosity. This method makes it possible to predict changes in elastic response of a rock saturation with different fluids. This study focused on the Upper Shallow Marine sandstone reservoirs of five selected wells (MM1, MM2, MM3, MM4, and MM5) in the Bredasdorp Basin, offshore South Africa. The integration of petrophysics and rock physics (Gassmann fluid substitution) was applied to the upper shallow marine sandstone reservoirs for reservoir characterisation. The objective of the study was to calculate the volume of clay, porosity, water saturation, permeability, and hydrocarbon saturation, and the application of the Gassmann fluid substitution modelling to determine the effect of different pore fluids (brine, oil, and gas) on acoustic properties (compressional velocity, shear velocity, and density) using rock frame properties. The results showed average effective porosity ranging from 8.7% to 16.6%, indicating a fair to good reservoir quality. The average volume of clay, water saturation, and permeability values ranged from 8.6% to 22.3%, 18.9% to 41.6%, and 0.096–151.8 mD, respectively. The distribution of the petrophysical properties across the field was clearly defined with MM2 and MM3 revealing good porosity and MM1, MM4, and MM5 revealing fair porosity. Well MM4 revealed poor permeability, while MM3 revealed good permeability. The fluid substitution affected rock property significantly. The primary velocity, Vp, slightly decreased when brine was substituted with gas in wells MM1, MM2, MM3, and MM4. The shear velocity, Vs, remained unaffected in all the wells. This study demonstrated how integration of petrophysics and fluid substitution can help to understand the behaviour of rock properties in response to fluid saturation changes in the Bredasdorp Basin. The integration of these two disciplines increases the obtained results’ quality and reliability.
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Opuwari, Mimonitu, and Nehemiah Dominick. "Sandstone reservoir zonation of the north-western Bredasdorp Basin South Africa using core data." Journal of Applied Geophysics 193 (October 2021): 104425. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2021.104425.

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Ramiah, Kalidhasen, Kaushalendra B. Trivedi, and Mimonitu Opuwari. "A 2D geomechanical model of an offshore gas field in the Bredasdorp Basin, South Africa." Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology 9, no. 1 (August 2, 2018): 207–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13202-018-0526-4.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bredasdorp"

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Meyer, Salomé Jeanette. "Social change and Bredasdorp." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14280.

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Bibliography: leaves 113-120.
The purpose of this study is to ascertain the effects of the Overberg Test and Evaluation Facility on a rural town. Bredasdorp, the town in question, up until the announcement of the proposed Overberg Test and Evaluation Facility had developed historically on the basis of the natural needs and requirements of a rural community. Bredasdorp thus, provided services and facilities for its and the surrounding population as a natural growth point and service-centre for complimentary economic activities - mainly of an agricultural nature. The introduction of the Overberg Test and Evaluation Facility impacted on the functioning of this local farming community. This study traces this social change on the various systems operating in the community. Specifically, this study looks on the areas of economic and social change as a result of demographic change in a community. It was hoped that the introduction of the Overberg Test and Evaluation Facility would have long-term influences on the character, make-up and functioning of Bredasdorp as a rural town. In-depth interviews were held with 30 old and new inhabitants of Bredasdorp to determine their attitudes with regard to the project as primary data. Documents such as census reports, Municipal and town planning reports, education related statistics, the Hey Committe report as well as official documents from Armscor were utilized for secondary data. Findings indicate that Bredasdorp experienced a demographic growth as a result of the introduction of the Overberg Test and Evaluation Facility. This demographic growth had a trickle-down effect on the infrastructure such as water reticulation, sewerage, housing, schools, business and community facilities. Adjustments were made by the various systems involved in the change process in order to accommodate the demographic change positively. The economic/militaristic development project at Bredasdorp can be seen as a positive influence on Bredasdorp and environs.
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Munnik, Magen C. "An investigation of water quality regulation by the Karsriviervlei, Bredasdorp." University of the Western Cape, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6086.

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Magister Scientiae - MSc (Earth Science)
Studies have shown that ecosystem services that are provided by wetlands are beneficial to the improvement of water quality regulation. Some of these ecosystem services may include sequestration of sediment, toxicants and nutrients by wetlands, which contributes to the quality of water in rivers downstream and thereby, the health and well-being of humanity and the environment. However, studies have also shown that there has been insufficient research done on how natural wetlands regulate water quality. Therefore, this study investigated the regulation of water quality by a wetland located in an agricultural setting in the Western Cape. This type of research was essential to South Africa as the country is experiencing a great loss and degradation of wetlands, even though national policies and legislation are geared towards their protection and rehabilitation. The study was aimed at evaluating the assumption that wetlands improve the quality of water in river systems, using the Karsriviervlei as a case study and by invoking two objectives. The first objective was to investigate the spatial and temporal variation in selected water quality variables upstream, through the wetland and downstream. The second objective was to investigate the hydrogeomorphic characteristics and processes of the Karsriviervlei that determined the effectiveness of wetlands, in regulating water quality. Furthermore, the study also consisted of two methods that provided an understanding of how natural wetlands regulate water quality.
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Olajide, Oluseyi. "The petrophysical analysis and evaluation of hydrocarbon potential of sandstone units in the Bredasdorp Central Basin." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_9559_1181561577.

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This research was aimed at employing the broad use of petrophysical analysis and reservoir modelling techniques to explore the petroleum resources in the sandstone units of deep marine play in the Bredasdorp Basin.

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Malan, Jean Arnaud. "The stratigraphy and sedimentology of the Bredasdorp group, southern Cape Province." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22584.

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Bibliography: pages 180-197.
The Cainozoic Bredasdorp sediments along the south coast of the Cape Province, South Africa, have come under investigation through a few intermittent studies undertaken since the early part of the century. In this presentation the literature is reviewed and a stratigraphic subdivision, based on both lithostratigraphic and biostratigraphic principles, is applied to the sediments of the Bredasdorp Group. The Bredasdorp deposits can be classified, according to origin, as shallow marine and aeolian. The marine deposits are subdivided into the Pliocene De Hoopvlei and the Middle to Late Pleistocene Klein Brak Formations. The Late Pliocene to Early Pleistocene Wankoe Formation, the Late Pleistocene Waenhuiskrans Formation and the Holocene Strandveld Formation constitute the coastal aeolian deposits. These marine and marine-related (aeolian) formations, characterised by calcareous elastics have been grouped together in a newly defined Bredasdorp Group. In order to construct a depositional model for the Bredasdorp Group, various facies have been identified on the basis of geometry, lithology, fossil contents, palaeocurrent data, biogenic and sedimentary structures. The facies are related to environments constituting a shoreline setting with offshore, transitional, shoreface, foreshore and backshore zones, followed by back-barrier lagoons, estuaries, backshore dunes and coastal dunefields associated with transgressive/regressive shorelines. The various deposits, as well as distinctive geomorphological features, are correlated with the relative sea-level movements throughout the Cainozoic, which have shaped the southern Cape coastal plain. Sea-level curves for Southern Africa, drawn by several authors are compared. A relative sea-level curve is constructed for the south coast of South Africa. Several Early Cainozoic transgression/ regression cycles are recognised at places along the South African coast. The earliest cycle started in the Palaeocene and was followed by a less pronounced transgression/regression cycle occurring in the Late Eocene to Early Oligocene. Remnants of surfaces related to these cycles are recognised in the Southern Cape Province, but these are interpreted as products of subaerial processes. The next cycle, reaching a transgressive maximum of c. 180m, started in the Miocene and terminated in the Early Pliocene. Again, no evidence of marine deposits is preserved on this marine-planed surface. The Early Pliocene transgression reached a maximum present-day elevation of c. 120m. Marine planation of the coastal platform took place during the transgression, whereas the De Hoopvlei Formation situated below 120m, was deposited during the subsequent Late Pliocene regression. The Wankoe Formation was deposited during the same regression as backshore dunes and coastal dunefields. During the Quaternary transgression/regression cycles, of which at least three are indicated, the transgression reaching a maximum of about 50m, in places eroded part of the Neogene Bredasdorp Group. The Klein Brak Formation (preserved below 20m) was deposited during Middle to Late Pleistocene regressions. The Waenhuiskrans Formation, which is extensively developed on the present-day continental shelf, was deposited during this regression with sea-level receding to about -130m below present sea-level. The aeolian Strandveld Formation, which is still being deposited, originated from the Flandrian transgressive maximum at the start of the Holocene.
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Uchechukwu, Ekwo Ernest. "Pore pressure prediction: a case study of sandstone reservoirs, Bredasdorp basin, South Africa." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4228.

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Masters of Science
The Bredasdorp basin is situated off the south coast of the Republic of South Africa, southeast of Cape Town and west-south-west of Port Elizabeth. It covers approximately 18,000 sq. km beneath the Indian Ocean along the southern coast of South Africa, which is in the southwest of Mosselbay. Bredasdorp basin contains South Africa’s only oil and gas production facilities and has been the main focus for oil and gas exploration in South Africa. It is one of the largest hydrocarbon producing block in South Africa, rich in gas and oil prone marine source rocks of kimmeridgian to berriasian age. The wells of interest for this study are located within block 9 which is made up of 13 wells but for this study the focus is only on 3 wells, which are well F-01,F-02 and F-03. The goal of this study is to predict as accurately as possible the areas within and around the sandstone reservoir intervals of these wells with abnormal pressure, using well logs and production test data. Abnormal pore pressure which is a major problem for drillers in the oil industry can cause serious drilling incidents and increase greatly drilling non-production time if the abnormal pressures are not predicted accurately before and while drilling. Petrophysics log analysis was done to evaluate the reservoirs. The intervals of the reservoir are the area of interest.Pore pressure gradient, fracture gradient, pore pressure and fracture pressure model were run. Pressures of about 6078.8psi were predicted around the zone of interest in well F-01, 7861 psi for well F-02 and 8330psi for well F-03. Well F-03 was the most pressured of the three wells. Abnormal pressures were identified mostly at zones above and below the area of interest and predicted pressure values were compared to actual pressure values to check for accuracy.
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Davies, Christopher Paul Norman, A. Rozendaal, and B. V. Burger. "Hydrocarbon evolution of the Bredasdorp Basin, offshore South Africa : from source to reservoir." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4936.

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Thesis (PhD (Geology))--University of Stellenbosch, 1997.
1123 leaves printed on single pages, preliminary pages and numbered pages 1-286. Includes bibliography, list of figures and tables and explanation of abbreviations used.
Digitized at 600 dpi grayscale to pdf format (OCR), using a Bizhub 250 Konica Minolta Scanner.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This first comprehensive study of the petroleum geochemistry of the Bredasdorp Basin, and the adjacent Southern Outeniqua Basin, documents the characteristic large number of hydrocarbon shows and the four regionally distinctive marine source rocks. Detailed correlation of reservoired hydrocarbons with source rock bitumens shows that two source rocks have expelled oil in commercial quantities and two others have expelled commercial quantities of wet gas/condensate. In contrast with earlier studies which indicated that thermal 'gradualism' prevailed, this study indicates that the post-rift thermal history of the basin is very complex. Post-rift cool-down is punctuated by periods of rapidly increasing heat flow resulting in much of the maturation being localised in time. These periods of increased heating coincide with regional plate tectonism. The associated thermal uplift and downwarp effects govern the periods of trap formation and control the hydrocarbon migration direction. Migration distances of these hydrocarbons are described and show inter alia that oil migrates no more than -7-10 km but gas migrates regionally. Two regional episodes of meteoric water flushing reduce sandstone cementation in palaeo-highs forming potential reservoirs at specific times. The unusually low salinity of remnants of this water in some sandstones help characterise these two main migration conduits. A highly detailed hydrocarbon correlation scheme derived from gas, light oil and biomarker data has been established which differentiates products of the four active source rocks and helps characterise the oil-oil, oil-source and source-source pairs. It is evident from these correlations that two periods of migration and reservoiring occurred at 50-60 Ma and 0-10 Ma. As a result, source-reservoir plays which characterise certain areas of the basin as predominantly oil or gas prone can be described. These correlations also highlight areas where mixtures of hydrocarbons are common and where some of the early reservoired oil has been displaced to new locations, constituting potential new exploration plays. Source rocks for some of the analysed hydrocarbons have yet to be found and may not even have been drilled to date. One such source rock appears to be located in the Southern Outeniqua Basin, making that area a potential target for further exploration. This study resolved the common heritage of the source rocks and reservoir sandstones which form part of the Outeniqua petroleum system. The hydrocarbon volumes available to this system show that by world standards it is indeed significant.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die groot aantal koolwaterstof voorkomste asook vier streekskenmerkende mariene brongesteentes word in hierdie eerste omvattende studie van die petroleumgeochemie van die Bredasdorp-kom en die aangrensende Suidelike Outeniqua-kom saamgevat. Gedetaileerde korrelasies van die opgegaarde koolwaterstowwe met brongesteente bitumen, dui daarop dat twee van die vier geidentifiseerde brongesteentes olie in kommersiele hoeveelhede uitgeset het. Die ander twee het kommersiele hoeveelhede nat gas-kondensaat uitgeset. In teenstelling met vroeer studies wat daarop gedui het dat termale 'gradualisme' voorgekom het, dui hierdie studie daarop dat die na-riftermale geskiedenis van die kom baie meer kompleks is. Verskeie periodes van versnelde toename in hittevloei het voorgekom in die na-rifse verkoeling. Dit het daartoe gelei dat veroudering plaaslik binne 'n beperkte tydsverloop plaasvind. Hierdie periodes van hittetoename stem ooreen met die regionale plaattektoniek. Die geassosieerde termiese opheffing en afwaartse vervormingseffek, beheer die totstandkoming van opvanggebiede en die migrasierigting van die koolwaterstowwe. Migrasie-afstande van die koolwaterstowwe word bespreek en wys inter alia daarop dat olie nie verder as -7-10 km beweeg nie, maar gasmigrasie vind regionaal plaas. Twee kort episodes van meteoriese wateruitsetting, het sandsteensementasie in palaeohoogsliggende gebiede verminder wat potensiele reservoirs gevorm het op spesifieke tye. Die ongewone lae soutvlakte van oorblyfsels van die water in sekere sandstene help om die twee vernaamste migrasieroetes te kenmerk. 'n Hoogs omvattende koolwaterstof-korrelasieskema wat van gas, ligte olie en biomerkerdata verkry is, is opgestel. Die skema het onderskei tussen produkte van die vier aktiewe brongesteentes en help om die olie-olie, olie-bron en bron-bron pare te karakteriseer. Dit is duidelik van die korrelasies dat twee periodes van migrasie en opgaring plaasgevind het ongeveer teen -50-60 Ma en 0-10 Ma. Gevolglik kan bronreservoir omskrywings wat sekere dele van die kom karakteriseer as grotendeels olie of gas-ontvanklik beskryf word. Hierdie korrelasies beklemtoon ook areas waar mengsels van koolwaterstowwe algemeen voorkom en waar sekere van die vroeer opgegaarde olie verplaas is na nuwe lokaliteite, wat nuwe eksplorasieteikens daarstel. Brongesteentes vir sekere van die ge-analiseerde koolwaterstowwe, moet nog gevind word en is tot op hede nog nie raakgeboor nie. Een so 'n brongesteente kom voor in die Suidelike Outeniqua-kom, wat daardie area 'n potenslele teiken vir verdere eksplorasie maak. Die studie het die gesamentlike oorsprong van die brongesteente en reservoirsandsteen, wat deel is van die Outeniqua Petroleumsisteem, geidentifseer. Die koolwaterstofvolumes wat beskikbaar is vir die sisteem wys dat, gemeet teen wêreldstandaarde, dit wel beduidend is.
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Ojongokpoko, Hanson Mbi. "Porosity and permeability distribution in the deep marine play of the central Bredasdorp Basin, Block 9, offshore South Africa." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2006. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_1341_1189600798.

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This study described porosity and permeability distribution in the deep marine play of the central Bredasdorp Basin, Block 9, offshore South Africa using methods that include thin section petrography, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy, in order to characterize their porosity and permeability distributions, cementation and clay types that affect the porosity and permeability distribution. The study included core samples from nine wells taken from selected depths within the Basin.

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Saffou, Eric. "Geomechanical characterization and reservoir Simulation of a carbon storage project in e-m depleted Gas field in South Africa." University of the Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/8218.

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Philosophiae Doctor - PhD
Geomechanical analysis and integrity assessment of hydrocarbon reservoirs upon depletion and injection are crucial to ensure that CO2 storage projects can be safely implemented. The Bredasdorp Basin in South Africa has great potential for CO2 storage, given its hugely available exploration data. However, there has not been any geomechanical characterization carried out on this basin to determine its integrity issues. This study aims to investigate the feasibility of a carbon storage project in the E-M depleted gas field. The preliminary geological assessment demonstrates that Zone 2 and Zone 3 display acceptable injectivity for CO2 injection of the E-M gas field. Seismic lines display faults that could affect the caprock's integrity during depletion and carbon storage. Geomechanical characterization provides a guideline as to how geomechanical analysis of depleted fields can be done for a safe CO2 sequestration practice. The geomechanical model constructed at a depth of 2570 m indicated that the magnitudes of the principal vertical, minimum, and maximum horizontal stresses in the field are respectively 57 MPa, 41 MPa, and 42-46 MPa. Fault and fracture stabilities were examined before and after depletion. It was found that faults and fractures in compartments C1 and C2 of the reservoir are stable before and after depletion, while normal faults (FNS8 and FNS9) in compartment C3 dipping SW were critically stressed. The minimum sustainable pressure of the reservoir determined by simulating depletion is 6 MPa. Below that, pressure depletion causes normal faulting in reservoir compartments C1 and C2. The maximum sustainable pressure, on the other hand, was found to be 25 MPa. The geomechanical studies also reveal that it is possible that the reservoir experienced compaction of 8 cm during depletion and will experience an uplift of 3.2 cm during 71 years of injection. The economic model of a CO2-enhanced gas recovery project in E-M gas field, the annual expenses (Aexp) of carbon capture and storage range between Zar20 3.31 × 109 and Zar20 4.10 × 109. The annual revenues (RA) were estimated to be Zar20 1.42 × 1010. The cash flow analysis derived from Aexp and RA confirms that enhanced gas recovery could partially offset the cost of CO2 storage if a minimum of 5 % of CO2 fraction is allowed in the natural gas recovered. Geological and geomechanical studies have demonstrated that carbon storage is physically feasible in the E-M gas field. However, the project's completion lies in the among the gas recovered to balance the cost of CO2. http://
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9

Maseko, Phindile Pearl. "Petrophysical evaluation and characterization of sandstone reservoirs of the western Bredasdorp Basin, South Africa for well D-D1 and E-AP1." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5181.

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Abstract:
>Magister Scientiae - MSc
The Bredasdorp Basin was formed consequent to extensional episodes during the initial stages of rifting in the Jurassic age. The basin acted as a local depocentre and was primarily infilled with late Jurassic and early Cretaceous shallow-marine and continental sediments. Two wells namely; D-D1 and E-AP1 were studied in order to evaluate the petrophysics and characterize sandstone reservoirs of the western Bredasdorp basin. This could be achieved by generating and comparing results from core analysis and wireline in order to determine if the two wells are comprised of good quality sandstone reservoirs and if the identified reservoirs produce hydrocarbons. A number of methods were employed in order to characterise and evaluate sandstone reservoir, these included; editing and normalization of raw wireline log data ,classification of lithofacies on the basis of lithology, sedimentary structures, facies distribution, grain size variation, sorting of grains, fossils and bioturbation; calibration of log and core data to determine parameters for petrophysical interpretation; volume of clay; determination of porosity, permeability and fluid saturation, cut-off determination to distinguish between pay and non-pay sands. Borehole D-D1 is located in the western part of the Bredasdorp Basin. Only two reservoirs in well D-D1 indicated to have pay parameters with an average porosity ranging from 11.3% to 16%, average saturation from 0.6% to 21.5% and an volume of clay from 26.5% to 31.5%. This well was abandoned due to poor oil shows according to the geological well completion report. On the contrary well E-AP1 situated in the northwestern section of the basin showed good quality reservoir sandstones occurring in the 19082m to 26963m intervals though predominantly water saturated. Pay parameters for all five reservoirs in this well showed zero or no average porosity, saturation and volume of clay.
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10

Ramiah, Kalidhasen. "2D Geomechanical Model for an Offshore Gas Field in the Bredasdorp Basin, South Africa." University of the Western Cape, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5863.

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Abstract:
Magister Scientiae - MSc (Earth Science)
This thesis provides a 2D geomechanical model for the K-R field, Bredasdorp Basin and describes the workflow and process to do so. This study has a unique density correction software applied to density data, prior to the estimation of geopressure gradients. The aim of this research is to create a model that evaluates the geomechanical behaviour of the upper shallow marine reservoir (USM) and provide a safe drilling mud window for future in the area.
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Books on the topic "Bredasdorp"

1

Malan, J. A. Lithostratigraphy of the Waenhuiskrans Formation (Bredasdorp Group). Pretoria: Republic of South Africa, Dept. of Mineral and Energy Affairs, Geological Survey, 1989.

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2

Malan, J. A. Lithostratigraphy of the Wankoe Formation (Bredasdorp Group). Pretoria: Republic of South Africa, Dept. of Mineral and Energy Affairs, Geological Survey, 1989.

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3

South African Committee for Stratigraphy., ed. Lithostratigraphy of the De Hoopvlei Formation (Bredasdorp Group). Pretoria: Dept. of Mineral and Energy Affairs, Geological Survey, 1991.

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Malan, J. A. Lithostratigraphy of the Klein Brak Formation (Bredasdorp Group). Pretoria: Dept. of Mineral and Energy Affairs, Geological Survey, 1991.

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5

Prins, Joan. Anker aan die suidpunt: Die geskiedenis van die Nederduitse Gereformeerde Gemeente Bredasdorp 1838-1988. [South Africa: s.n., 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Bredasdorp"

1

WINTERS, S. J., S. KUHLMANN, Jory A. Pacht, and Carlos H. L. Bruhn. "Delineation of an Oil and Gas Field Within a Turbidite System: Bredasdorp Basin, South Africa." In Submarine Fans and Turbidite Systems: Sequence Stratigraphy, Reservoir Architecture and Production Characteristics, Gulf of Mexico and International: 15th Annual, 401–8. SOCIETY OF ECONOMIC PALEONTOLOGISTS AND MINERALOGISTS, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.5724/gcs.94.15.0401.

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Conference papers on the topic "Bredasdorp"

1

Madyibi, L., R. di Primio, and G. C. Smith. "Petroleum system evolution of the southern Bredasdorp Basin, offshore South Africa." In 10th SAGA Biennial Technical Meeting and Exhibition. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.146.3.3.

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2

Smith, G. C., and R. W. Dworschak. "Evidence For Velocity Anisotropy In Sediments Of The Central Bredasdorp Basin." In 1st SAGA Biennial Conference and Exhibition. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.222.038.

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3

Macgregor, D. S., K. A. Bardwell, and J. H. Jackson. "An Integrated Approach to Prospect Risk Reduction in Block 9, Bredasdorp Basin, South Africa." In 6th SAGA Biennial Conference and Exhibition. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.221.063.

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4

Burden, P. L. A. "Seismic And Sequence Stratigraphy As An Aid To Hydrocarbon Exploration In The Bredasdorp Basin, Southern Offshore." In 3rd SAGA Biennial Conference and Exhibition. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.224.045.

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5

Madyibi, Lihle, Rolando di Primio, and George Smith. "Three-dimensional Modeling of Petroleum Generation in the Southeast Flank of the Bredasdorp Basin, off the South Coast of South Africa." In 11th SAGA Biennial Technical Meeting and Exhibition. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.241.madyibi_abstract.

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6

Barton, K. R. "Delineation Of Oil And Gas Fields In The Bredasdorp Basin, Offshore South Africa, Using Seismic Attribute Mapping, Seismic Inversion And Avo Techniques." In 5th SAGA Biennial Conference and Exhibition. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.223.039.

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7

Barton, Keith. "Delineation of oil and gas fields in the Bredasdorp Basin, offshore South Africa, using seismic attribute mapping, seismic inversion and AVO techniques." In SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1997. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1886011.

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8

Elamri, Samir, and Mimonitu Opuwari. "New Insights in the Evaluation of Reserves of Selected wells of the Pletmos Basin Offshore South Africa." In SPE/AAPG Africa Energy and Technology Conference. SPE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/afrc-2570854-ms.

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Abstract:
ABSTRACT The area evaluated has similar structural styles and settings as the producing neighboring fields of F-A and E-M in the adjacent Bredasdorp basin Offshore South Africa. The main objective of this study is to create a 3-D-static model and estimate hydrocarbon reserves. Based on log signatures, petrophysical properties and structural configurations, the reservoirs were divided vertically into three reservoir units in order to be properly modelled in 3-D space. The thicknesses of the layers were determined based on the vertical heterogeneity in the reservoir properties. Facies interpretation was performed based on log signatures, core description and previous geological studies. The volume of clay and porosity was used to classify facies into five units of sand, shaly sand, silt, and clay. From petrophysical interpretation, a synthetic permeability log was generated in the wells which ties closely with core data. The J-function water saturation model was adopted because it produced better results in the clean sandstone sections of the reservoirs. A high uncertainty in the basement formation was observed due to very few wells drilled in the area and fault impact and thus resulted in evaluation of uncertainty of each zone separately. The uncertainty workflow was run using 100 trials and the base case P50 estimated 277 Bcf of Gas from the 1At1.
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9

L. Bryson, Donald, Louis R. Castro, Thomas R. Jensen, and Leslie O. Niemi. "Prestack Time Migration as a Crucial Step in Resolving AVO Anomalies in the Synrift Sandstones of the Bredasdorp Basin, Offshore South Africa: A Case History." In 6th SAGA Biennial Conference and Exhibition. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.221.022.

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10

Winters, S. J., G. J. Brink, and S. Kuhlmann. "Integration Of Reservoir And Source Distribution With Seismic Sequence Stratigraphy And Geophysical Modelling In The Discovery Of Hydrocarbons Within A Cretaceous Sequence, Bredasdorp Basin, South Africa." In 3rd SAGA Biennial Conference and Exhibition. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.224.024.

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