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Journal articles on the topic 'Bredasdorp'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 9 February 2022

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1

Baiyegunhi, Temitope Love, Kuiwu Liu, Oswald Gwavava, and Christopher Baiyegunhi. "Petrography and Tectonic Provenance of the Cretaceous Sandstones of the Bredasdorp Basin, off the South Coast of South Africa: Evidence from Framework Grain Modes." Geosciences 10, no. 9 (August 28, 2020): 340. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences10090340.

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The Cretaceous sandstones of the Bredasdorp Basin were investigated to recognize their composition, provenance, and tectonic setting. Ninety-two samples of sandstones from exploration wells E-AH1, E-AJ1, E-BA1, E-BB1, and E-D3 were investigated using both petrographic and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. Petrographic studies based on quantitative investigation of the detrital framework grain shows that the Bredasdorp sandstones chiefly consist of quartz (52.2–68.0%), feldspar (10.0–18.0%), and lithic fragments (5.0–10.2%). These sandstones are mostly fine grained, moderately well-sorted, and subrounded to rounded. The modal composition data shows that the sandstones could be classified as subarkosic arenite and lithic arkose. Such a composition of the sandstones perhaps indicates the interplay of pulses of fast uplift of the source area and rapid subsidence of the Bredasdorp Basin, with subsequent periods of calmness within the transgressive-regressive sequence in a rift tectonic regime. The provenance ternary diagrams revealed that the sandstones are mainly of continental block provenances (stable shields and basement uplifted areas) and complemented by recycled sands from an associated platform. The tectonic provenance studies of Bredasdorp Basin revealed that the sandstones are typically rift sandstones and have undergone long-distance transport from the source area along the rift. In the regional context of the evolution of the Bredasdorp Basin, the results presented in this study inferred that the basin developed on a rift passive setting (trailing edge) of the stable continental margins.

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2

Baiyegunhi, Temitope Love, Kuiwu Liu, Oswald Gwavava, Nicola Wagner, and Christopher Baiyegunhi. "Geochemical Evaluation of the Cretaceous Mudrocks and Sandstones (Wackes) in the Southern Bredasdorp Basin, Offshore South Africa: Implications for Hydrocarbon Potential." Minerals 10, no. 7 (June 30, 2020): 595. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10070595.

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The southern Bredasdorp Basin, off the south coast of South Africa, is only partly understood in terms of its hydrocarbon potential when compared to the central and northern parts of the basin. Hydrocarbon potential assessments in this part of the basin have been limited, perhaps because the few drilled exploration wells were unproductive for hydrocarbons, yielding trivial oil and gas. The partial integration of data in the southern Bredasdorp Basin provides another reason for the unsuccessful oil and gas exploration. In this study, selected Cretaceous mudrocks and sandstones (wacke) from exploration wells E-AH1, E-AJ1, E-BA1, E-BB1 and E-D3 drilled in the southern part of the Bredasdorp Basin were examined to assess their total organic carbon (TOC), thermal maturity, organic matter type and hydrocarbon generation potential. The organic geochemical results show that these rocks have TOC contents ranging from 0.14 to 7.03 wt.%. The hydrogen index (HI), oxygen index (OI), and hydrocarbon index (S2/S3) values vary between 24–263 mg HC/g TOC, 4–78 mg CO2/g TOC, and 0.01–18 mgHC/mgCO2 TOC, respectively, indicating predominantly Type III and IV kerogen with a minor amount of mixed Type II/III kerogen. The mean vitrinite reflectance values vary from 0.60–1.20%, indicating that the samples are in the oil-generation window. The Tmax and PI values are consistent with the mean vitrinite reflectance values, indicating that the Bredasdorp source rocks have entered the oil window and are considered as effective source rocks in the Bredasdorp Basin. The hydrocarbon genetic potential (SP), normalized oil content (NOC) and production index (PI) values all indicate poor to fair hydrocarbon generative potential. Based on the geochemical data, it can be inferred that most of the mudrocks and sandstones (wackes) in the southern part of the Bredasdorp Basin have attained sufficient burial depth and thermal maturity for oil and gas generation potential.

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3

Baiyegunhi, Temitope Love, Kuiwu Liu, Oswald Gwavava, and Christopher Baiyegunhi. "Textural characteristics, mode of transportation and depositional environment of the Cretaceous sandstone in the Bredasdorp Basin, off the south coast of South Africa: Evidence from grain size analysis." Open Geosciences 12, no. 1 (November 28, 2020): 1512–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/geo-2020-0135.

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AbstractA total of 92 representative sandstone samples of the Bredasdorp Basin in boreholes E-AH1, E-AJ1, E-BA1, E-BB1 and E-D3 have been investigated for their grain size characteristics. Grain size textural parameters and their cross plots, linear discriminate functions (LDFs), C–M (C = first percentile and M = median) diagram and log–probability plots were calculated and interpreted to understand the mode of transportation and hydrodynamic conditions and also to unravel the depositional environments of the sediments. The grain size textural parameters revealed that the Bredasdorp sandstones are unimodal, predominantly fine-grained, moderately well-sorted, mesokurtic and near symmetrical. The bivariate plots of grain size textural parameters indicate that the depositional environments had been influenced mainly by river/beach/coastal dune conditions. The LDF plots show that the sediments are turbidity current deposits in a shallow marine environment. The C–M diagram revealed that the studied sandstones were mainly deposited by traction currents and beach process. In addition, the grain size log–probability curves and C–M diagram show the predominance of suspension and saltation modes of sediment transportation. Based on the inter-relationship of the various statistical parameters, it is deduced that the Bredasdorp Basin are mainly shallow marine deposits with signature of beach and coastal river processes.

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4

Linder, H. P. "Ceratocaryum pulchrum, a new restioid from the Bredasdorp plains." South African Journal of Botany 61, no. 4 (August 1995): 222–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0254-6299(15)30518-4.

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5

NORDENSTAM, B. "TWO NEW SPECIES OF OSTEOSPERMUM (COMPOSITAE–CALENDULEAE) FROM SOUTHWESTERN CAPE PROVINCE, SOUTH AFRICA." Edinburgh Journal of Botany 60, no. 3 (November 2003): 259–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960428603000234.

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The tribe Calenduleae of the Compositae (Asteraceae) has a pronounced centre of diversity in South Africa, particularly in Cape Province. The largest genus, Osteospermum L., contains c.50 species in Africa and southwestern Arabia, including about 40 in Cape Province. Two new species are described here, both narrowly endemic in southwestern Cape Province. Osteospermum australe is confined to lowland coastal limestone areas in Bredasdorp district, whereas Osteospermum burttianum has a restricted distribution in the Langebergen mountains in Heidelberg district.

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6

Manning, J. C., and P. Goldblatt. "Three new species of Tritoniopsis (Iridaceae: Crocoideae) from the Cape Region of South Africa." Bothalia 31, no. 2 (September 17, 2001): 175–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v31i2.516.

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Three new species of the largely Western Cape genus Tritoniopsis L.Bolus are described, bringing the number of species in the genus to 24. Tritoniopsis bicolor and T. flava are newly discovered, narrow endemics of the Bredasdorp Mountains and the Kogelberg Biosphere Reserve, respectively, in the southwestern Cape. Both of these are areas of high local endemism. T. toximontana, known since at least 1465 but misunderstood, is restricted to the Gifberg-Matsikamma Mountain complex of northern Western Cape. Notes on the pollination biology of the species are provided.

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7

Galley, C. A., and H. P. Linder. "New species and taxonomic changes within Pentaschistis (Danthonioideae, Poaceae) from Western Cape, South Africa." Bothalia 36, no. 2 (August 21, 2006): 157–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v36i2.354.

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Three new species of Pentaschistis (Nees) Stapf are described from the Cape Floristic Region. P. trifida. P clavata and P. horrida. The former has been collected from inland ranges of the Cape Fold Belt, from the Cederberg to the Groot Swartberg. the last two each from single sites in the Koue Bokkeveld: P. clavata on the wetter western border, and P. horrida on the Baviaansberg. Pentaschistis juncifolia Stapf is re-instated, a species from the coastal plains (Hardeveld) between Bredasdorp and Riversdale, which had been included in P. eriostoma (Nees) Stapf.

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8

Magoba, Moses, and Mimonitu Opuwari. "Petrophysical interpretation and fluid substitution modelling of the upper shallow marine sandstone reservoirs in the Bredasdorp Basin, offshore South Africa." Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology 10, no. 2 (November 7, 2019): 783–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13202-019-00796-1.

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Abstract The fluid substitution method is used for predicting elastic properties of reservoir rocks and their dependence on pore fluid and porosity. This method makes it possible to predict changes in elastic response of a rock saturation with different fluids. This study focused on the Upper Shallow Marine sandstone reservoirs of five selected wells (MM1, MM2, MM3, MM4, and MM5) in the Bredasdorp Basin, offshore South Africa. The integration of petrophysics and rock physics (Gassmann fluid substitution) was applied to the upper shallow marine sandstone reservoirs for reservoir characterisation. The objective of the study was to calculate the volume of clay, porosity, water saturation, permeability, and hydrocarbon saturation, and the application of the Gassmann fluid substitution modelling to determine the effect of different pore fluids (brine, oil, and gas) on acoustic properties (compressional velocity, shear velocity, and density) using rock frame properties. The results showed average effective porosity ranging from 8.7% to 16.6%, indicating a fair to good reservoir quality. The average volume of clay, water saturation, and permeability values ranged from 8.6% to 22.3%, 18.9% to 41.6%, and 0.096–151.8 mD, respectively. The distribution of the petrophysical properties across the field was clearly defined with MM2 and MM3 revealing good porosity and MM1, MM4, and MM5 revealing fair porosity. Well MM4 revealed poor permeability, while MM3 revealed good permeability. The fluid substitution affected rock property significantly. The primary velocity, Vp, slightly decreased when brine was substituted with gas in wells MM1, MM2, MM3, and MM4. The shear velocity, Vs, remained unaffected in all the wells. This study demonstrated how integration of petrophysics and fluid substitution can help to understand the behaviour of rock properties in response to fluid saturation changes in the Bredasdorp Basin. The integration of these two disciplines increases the obtained results’ quality and reliability.

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9

Opuwari, Mimonitu, and Nehemiah Dominick. "Sandstone reservoir zonation of the north-western Bredasdorp Basin South Africa using core data." Journal of Applied Geophysics 193 (October 2021): 104425. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2021.104425.

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10

Ramiah, Kalidhasen, Kaushalendra B. Trivedi, and Mimonitu Opuwari. "A 2D geomechanical model of an offshore gas field in the Bredasdorp Basin, South Africa." Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology 9, no. 1 (August 2, 2018): 207–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13202-018-0526-4.

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11

Opuwari, Mimonitu, Moses Magoba, Nehemiah Dominick, and Nicolas Waldmann. "Delineation of Sandstone Reservoir Flow Zones in the Central Bredasdorp Basin, South Africa, Using Core Samples." Natural Resources Research 30, no. 5 (May 31, 2021): 3385–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11053-021-09885-7.

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12

Zietsman, M. M., and G. J. Bredenkamp. "Threatened Limestone Fynbos plant communities of Andrew’s Field and Tsaba-Tsaba Nature Reserve, Western Cape." Bothalia 37, no. 1 (August 18, 2007): 89–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v37i1.306.

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The vegetation of inland plains and hills of the Andrew’s Field and Tsaba-Tsaba Nature Reserve, Bredasdorp District, Western Cape was classified using TWINSPAN and Braun-Blanquet procedures. The resulting four plant communities and nine subcommunities were described and interpreted ecologically. The vegetation was sampled using 97 randomly stratified plots. The floristic composition, Braun-Blanquet cover-abundance of each species, and various environmental variables were recorded in each sample plot. The relationship between the vegetation units and the associated environmental gradients was confirmed by ordination, using the DECORANA computer program, applied to the floristic data set. The conservation priority of each vegetation unit was determined by taking the occurrence of Red Data List species, limestone endemic species and Cape Floristic Region endemic species into consideration. TTie distribution of the plant communities can mainly be ascribed to differences in the clay/sand content of the soil and the degree of exposure of the vegetation to the dominating winds (southeastern and northwestern) of the area.

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13

Baiyegunhi, Temitope Love, Kuiwu Liu, Oswald Gwavava, and Christopher Baiyegunhi. "Impact of Diagenesis on the Reservoir Properties of the Cretaceous Sandstones in the Southern Bredasdorp Basin, Offshore South Africa." Minerals 10, no. 9 (August 27, 2020): 757. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10090757.

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The Cretaceous sandstone in the Bredasdorp Basin is an essential potential hydrocarbon reservoir. In spite of its importance as a reservoir, the impact of diagenesis on the reservoir quality of the sandstones is almost unknown. This study is undertaken to investigate the impact of digenesis on reservoir quality as it pertains to oil and gas production in the basin. The diagenetic characterization of the reservoir is based on XRF, XRD SEM + EDX, and petrographic studies of 106 thin sections of sandstones from exploration wells E-AH1, E-AJ1, E-BA1, E-BB1 and E-D3 in the basin. The main diagenetic processes that have affected the reservoir quality of the sandstones are cementation by authigenic clay, carbonate and silica, growth of authigenic glauconite, dissolution of minerals and load compaction. Based on the framework grain–cement relationships, precipitation of the early calcite cement was either accompanied or followed up by the development of partial pore-lining and pore-filling clay cements, particularly illite. This clay acts as pore choking cement, which reduces porosity and permeability of the reservoir rocks. The scattered plots of porosity and permeability versus cement + clays show good inverse correlations, suggesting that the reservoir quality is mainly controlled by cementation and authigenic clays.

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14

Thring, T. S. A., and F. M. Weitz. "Medicinal plant use in the Bredasdorp/Elim region of the Southern Overberg in the Western Cape Province of South Africa." Journal of Ethnopharmacology 103, no. 2 (January 2006): 261–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2005.08.013.

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15

Saffou, Eric, Arshad Raza, Raoof Gholami, Leon Croukamp, Walter Romaric Elingou, Jan van Bever Donker, Mimonitu Opuwari, Musa S. D. Manzi, and Raymond J. Durrheim. "Geomechanical characterization of CO2 storage sites: A case study from a nearly depleted gas field in the Bredasdorp Basin, South Africa." Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering 81 (September 2020): 103446. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2020.103446.

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16

Sonibare, W. A., J. Sippel, M. Scheck-Wenderoth, and D. Mikeš. "Crust-scale 3D model of the Western Bredasdorp Basin (Southern South Africa): data-based insights from combined isostatic and 3D gravity modelling." Basin Research 27, no. 2 (May 24, 2014): 125–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bre.12064.

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17

Sonibare, W. A., J. Sippel, R. di Primio, Z. Anka, M. Scheck-Wenderoth, and D. Mikeš. "Present-day thermal field and Mesozoic-Cenozoic thermal evolution of the Western Bredasdorp Basin (South Africa): An integrated 3D numerical forward modelling approach." Marine and Petroleum Geology 93 (May 2018): 57–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2018.02.028.

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18

GILBERT, CHRISTOPHER, Soekor, Parow. "Mid-Cretaceous Submarine Fans of the Southwest Bredasdorp Basin, South Africa." AAPG Bulletin 75 (1991). http://dx.doi.org/10.1306/20b242a4-170d-11d7-8645000102c1865d.

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19

Sheila Doherty. "Sequence Cyclicity in Bredasdorp Basin, Offshore South Africa--Comparison with Global Relative Sea Level Cycles: ABSTRACT." AAPG Bulletin 73 (1989). http://dx.doi.org/10.1306/703c9dc0-1707-11d7-8645000102c1865d.

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20

Nicolaas J. S. Van Wyk. "Application of Sequence Stratigraphy to Oil and Gas Exploration in Bredasdorp Basin, Offshore South Africa: ABSTRACT." AAPG Bulletin 73 (1989). http://dx.doi.org/10.1306/44b49f15-170a-11d7-8645000102c1865d.

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21

Baiyegunhi, Temitope Love, Kuiwu Liu, Oswald Gwavava, and Christopher Baiyegunhi. "Classification and Diagenetic Characteristics of the Cretaceous Sandstones in the Southern Bredasdorp Basin, Offshore South Africa." Acta Geologica Sinica - English Edition, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1755-6724.14701.

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22

Gareth W. J. Beamish. "Seismic Expression of Depositional Systems Tracts and Application to Hydrocarbon Exploration in Bredasdorp Basin, Offshore South Africa: ABSTRACT." AAPG Bulletin 73 (1989). http://dx.doi.org/10.1306/703c9c30-1707-11d7-8645000102c1865d.

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23

McAloon, William1, Keith Barton1, J. "ABSTRACT: Pre-development characterisation of a marginal, deep-marine channel/lobe system reservoir - Block 9, Bredasdorp basin, Offshore Republic of South Africa." AAPG Bulletin 84 (2000). http://dx.doi.org/10.1306/a9674a4e-1738-11d7-8645000102c1865d.

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24

Opuwari, Mimonitu, Saeed Mohammed, and Charlene Ile. "Determination of Reservoir Flow Units from Core Data: A Case Study of the Lower Cretaceous Sandstone Reservoirs, Western Bredasdorp Basin Offshore in South Africa." Natural Resources Research, July 21, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11053-020-09722-3.

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25

WINTERS, S. J., G. J. BRINK, and S. "Integration of Reservoir and Source Distribution with Seismic-Sequence Stratigraphy and Geophysical Modeling in the Discovery of Hydrocarbons within a Cretaceous Sequence, Bredasdorp Basin, South Africa." AAPG Bulletin 76 (1992). http://dx.doi.org/10.1306/f4c8f232-1712-11d7-8645000102c1865d.

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