Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Bretagne (France) – Population'
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Lemaître, Alain Jacques. "Espace, sécurité, population au XVIIIe siècle : la police générale du Parlement de Bretagne." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010548.
Full textThis study is an essay about a politic who has placed as a priority the problem of population i the france of the eighteenth century and an essay about a technology to adjust the regulations to govern the population of the french kingdom. At the end of the old regime, a new art of government give to the state the direction of the civil society. The method consists in studying the evolution of the police as political technology. For the theorists of the police, the end of his activity is the strength of the power of the state and too the fortune and the prosperity of the people. Police and justice are different in France but the police is going through the royal justice. Therefore, the original documents, serving as material for this study are the arrests of the royal general procurator/persecutor in the parliament of bretagne. In the new system, at the end of the eighteenth century, many differents institutions are taking the old functions of the police : political economy, political arithmetic, justice. The police get only a repressive function
Lafrenière, Louis. "Naissance de la Bretagne continentale (IV̈-VIIIe siècle)." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29077.
Full textFavre, Anaïs. "Globalisation et métissage : approche comparée de la population antillaise en France et en Grande-Bretagne /." Paris ; Budapest ; Kinshasa [etc.] : l'Harmattan, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb401692505.
Full textFavre, Anaïs. "La population antillaise émigrée en Europe : approche comparée entre la France et la Grande-Bretagne." Montpellier 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON30067.
Full textThe French speaking and British speaking Caribbean populations have lived a similar history, marked by the indelible seal of slavery, they were built as mongrel (or hybrid) societies and cultures. Originally African, they experienced a first acculturation in contact with Europeans which define their identity constructions and their economical and social development. Since the Fifties, they migrate in home countries, France and Great Britain, and endure a second acculturation there. The cases of successful acculturation, allowing a stable recombining of their identity and of their cultural personality, are minor among these populations. Many suffer from a discomfort more or less accentuated. This work also lean on the share played by the policies of immigration and integration of France and Great Britain. France chose a integrationist/assimilationnist system whereas Great Britain adopted a multiculturalists liberal integrationist system. Altogether, the effects on the migrant West-Indian populations are disparate and affect the migration, the identity strategies, the cultural changes and the integration of the West-Indian minorities amongst the “welcoming” population
Bachelier, Julien. "Villes et villages de Haute-Bretagne : les réseaux de peuplement (XIe‐XIIIe siècles)." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REN20027.
Full textWestern France, and particularly Brittany, are reputed for the great dispersion of their inhabitations (such as isolated farms and hamlets) and the modesty of their agglomerations (market towns, villages and towns). Our research aims to improve the understanding of the expansion, development and hierarchical organization of the latter in Upper-Brittany during 11th–13th centuries. For this purpose, we have taken some geographical models and theories (networks, central places and centrality), put them in perspective to the studied period, and applied them to the entire inhabitation system. In order to surpass the division between urban and rural history - not very relevant for Upper-Brittany, especially in the 11th century - we have biased our study so as to comprise settlements of all sorts, cities as well as isolated homes, thus allowing us to analyze the connections between them all. Following this, we have established a hierarchy of the centres, enabling us to understand how all the settlements interacted. As far as possible - relying on textual and archaeological sources as well asmorphological analysis - we have tried to assess the dynamics which allowed certain localities to emerge, before putting them back into their socio-economic context. Often described as the period in which the second citynetwork was born, the 11th-13th centuries proved to be more complex once all settlements were taken into account. On all levels (county, diocese, manors, parishes), centres were embedded and networks gradually emanated. Circa 1300 the networking broke in comparison with that of the year one thousand, however it maintained a very strong stability thereafter
Le, Rouzic Suzanne. "Matériaux ethnographiques et linguistiques pour la connaissance d'une population rurale de Basse-Bretagne : les riverains des forêts domaniales de Camors-Floranges-Lanvaux (Morbihan) et leur rapport à l'espace boisé." Brest, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BRES1005.
Full textMy ethnologic research focuses on the observation and the analysis of microsocieties which have in common that they live near the domanial forests of Camors-Floranges-Lanvaux (Morbihan), situated between Vannes and Lorient. They cover approximately 1700 ha. My thesis deals with two subjects. It points out some specific features of the culture of these residents, in a past that dates back to 1918 : know-how in forest’ s works, forest’ s uses, symbolic and imaginative activities. . . Then it analyses in the same geographic area the current modalities of the relation to that environment: from the forest, resource that is administrated by the ONF (national forest management), to the forest that is “reinvented” by the local populations. Memory and patrimony contribute to the identity construction and give signification and legitimacy to the place of live. It’s the ethnography of a living patrimony that changes considerably, included the language patrimony
Corradini, Pierre. "Implications architecturales et génétiques de la clonalité de Polytrichum commune Hedw. Dans les processus de recolonisation des landes armoricaines après incendie." Paris 6, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA066283.
Full textRio, Patrick. "Population et religion catholique dans les paroisses d'Ille-et-Vilaine de 1789 a 1815." Rennes 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994REN20014.
Full textFirst, we wanted to reestimate the weight of the religious fact in the building of "l'esprit public" of the rural inhabitants of the Ille-et-Vilaine. So, the sudden change of population first favourable toward revolution, become more comprehensible. In fact there was a bad listening of the rurals. Revolutionnariste made confusion between a reformist spirit and a revolutionnarist one. A study of the "cahiers de doleances de la senechaussee de Rennes", has convinced us that people were generally moderate. Principally, because of the municipality’s registrars, we could look at the hiatus between political national evolutions and their assimilation in the rural spaces. The study has convinced us that "Ille-et-Vilaine", in 1789, there wasn't any fatality for acceptation or reject of the revolution. Revolutionnarists couldn't or didn't want to hear the ambiguous waitings of the ruralunhabitants, who wanted to keep liberty for religion. A big rupture was born from this reciprocal incomprehension. We have chosen to study these important points of Ille-et-Vilaine's history : the first municipal elections, the "constitution civile du clerge", the republican religions and dechristianisation under terreur and modalities of concordat, what has incited us to reduce the importance of apolitical fact only national. We get two conclusions : that religion is something about identity of the rural communities, and its high capacity to transcender the political oppositions
Handal, William. "Rôle de la connectivité et de l'adaptation locale dans la structure et le fonctionnement des populations de coquilles Saint-Jacques (Pecten maximus) en Manche, Mer d'Iroise et Rade de Brest." Thesis, Brest, 2019. http://theses-scd.univ-brest.fr/2019/These-2019-SML-Ecologie_marine-HANDAL_William.pdf.
Full textThe main objective of this study was to improve knowledge about connectivity and local adaptation among great scallop fishing grounds located in the English Channel, the Ushant Sea and the Bay of Brest, in order to provide concrete information to fisheries managers regarding great scallop population biology. This work was divided in three part.(i) Firstly, population genetic structure of P. maximus among the main fishing grounds of the English Channel was analysed through a multidisciplinary seascape genetics approach coupling microsatellite data and demo-genetic modelling. The main results underlined genetic differentiation between western Start Point population and the rest of the fishing grounds of the English Channel, suggesting reproductive independency. (ii) Secondly, the genetic structure between the Western English Channel, the Ushant Sea, the Bay ofDouarnenez and the Bay of Brest was investigated using ‘Genotype by Sequencing' (GBS) coupled to a hydrodynamic modelling approach, in order to understand connectivity between Bay of Brest and neighbouring populations in a context intensive enhancement of this Bay.Results emphasize(1 ) the importance of the Ushant Front as barrier to larval dispersal between the Western English Channel and theUshant Sea/The Bay of Brest and (2) larval flux from the Bay of Douarnenez to the Bay of Brest. (iii) Finally, adaptative genetic structure was explored using GBS, between the Bay of Brest, the Bay of Morlaix and the Normano-Breton Gulf.For the first time, fine scale adaptative processes were observed among main Brittany fishing grounds, for which reproductive differentiation were previously noticed.This body of research showed demographic and genetic isolation between fishing grounds of P. maximus of the Western English Channel, the Ushant Sea and the Bay of Brest and suggested for the first time fine scale signals of selection between enhanced fishing grounds. This thesis aims to contribute to decision processes regarding management strategies of P. maximus stocks in the English Channel and in Brittany
Goubert, Évelyne. "Les Elphidium excavatum (TERQUEM), foraminifères benthiques, vivant en baie de Vilaine (Bretagne, France) d'octobre 1992 à septembre 1996 : morphologie, dynamique de population et relations avec l'environnement : réflexions sur l'approche méthodologique, la lignée évolutive et l'utilisation en paléoécologie." Nantes, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NANT2042.
Full textClavier, Jacques. "Contribution a la mise en valeur des populations d'ormeaux (haliotis tuberculata l. )." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066311.
Full textVary, Morgane. "Intégration sociale des populations marginales sur le littoral breton au XVIIIe siècle." Lorient, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LORIL103.
Full textSupervision of the population, one of the main obsessions of the State during the Ancien Régime, required the creation of a complex and dense jurisdictional network on French territory. The coast of Brittany during the eighteenth century seems to be a good place to examine and analyze the relationship between the people who live in the area and State officials. Its attractiveness which lays in the many activities it can offer to locals and migrants make controlling it a necessity. The jurisdictional network points out a population which is qualified as marginal. Specific forms of criminality can be detected. Young men with a precarious status appear in the archives. In front of the judge, they claim illicit activities like begging or smuggling. The figure of the migrant-beggar is particularly pregnant. The representations of marginality show intentional isolation of the poor from the elite (deportation, confinement). Nevertheless, the archives allow one to underline the links of solidarity which exist between the individual and his family. The priest or the employer are also a potential means of support. Exclusion is therefore a temporary state. Integration by resorting to pluriactivity is possible, allowing poor people to survive or to obtain a complementary income. Pluriactivity, integrated in the customs, shows the potentiality of the coast of Brittany and qualifies the different degrees of the notion of exclusion
Migot, Pierre. "Eléments de biologie des populations de goélands argentés Larus argentatus Pont. En Bretagne : approche démographique." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066529.
Full textDugueperoux, Ingrid-Gaëlle. "Epidémiologie génétique de trois mutations du gène CFTR (G551D, 1078delT, W846X), particulièrement fréquentes en Bretagne." Brest, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BRES3104.
Full textDE, LARRAZABAL MARIA EDUARDA. "Etude des populations de dinoflagelles (kystes) a l'interface eau-sediment en baie de vilaine (bretagne-sud, france)." Nantes, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NANT2010.
Full textBifolchi, Aline. "Biologie et génétique des populations d'une espèce invasive : le cas du vison d'Amérique (mustela vison Schreber, 1777) en Bretagne." Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00346327.
Full textMoore, Damian. "Ethnicité et politiques urbaines : approche comparative en France et en Grande-Bretagne : le cas des populations issues de l'immigration." Aix-Marseille 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX32043.
Full textQuiniou, Louis. "Les peuplements de poissons démersaux de la pointe de la Bretagne : Environnement, écologie, structure démographique, relations trophiques." Brest, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986BRES0005.
Full textLoew-Turbout, Frédérique. "Mutations socio-spatiales et vieillissement des zones littorales sous l'effet de migrations de populations agées : comparaison France-Angleterre." Caen, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001CAEN1332.
Full textTouzalin, Frédéric. "Evolutionary demography of a partial migrant shorebird species." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30349/document.
Full textGlobal warming causes changes in the dynamics and distribution of populations. I used a 19-year study, in Brittany, on a long-lived and partial migrant, the Pied Avocet, to quantify and compare the demographic rates associated with different migration strategies. Survival rates and associated senescence patterns were similar in residents and in migrants, but migrants exhibited a delayed recruitment age. Reproductive investment was higher and senescence was absent in individuals recruited at the age of one year, whereas those who began to reproduce later showed reproductive senescence. The fitness of migrants was lower than the fitness of residents, which explained their decline over the study period, while the resident population remained stable. Low productivity, due to predation, caused the Brittany population to decline despite a high immigration rate, which questions local conservation policies
Robuchon, Marine. "Etude spatio-temporelle de la biodiversité des forêts de laminaires des côtes bretonnes par une approche intégrée de génétique des populations et d'écologie des communautés." Phd thesis, Museum national d'histoire naturelle - MNHN PARIS, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00968426.
Full textBlanchet-Aurigny, Aline. "Les populations d'ophiures épigées Ophiothrix fragilis et Ophiocomina nigra à la pointe de Bretagne : évolution et écologie trophique." Phd thesis, Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00863260.
Full textChaussat, Alain-Gilles. "Les populations du Massif armoricain au crible du sarrasin. Etude d'un marqueur culturel du Bocage normand (XVI-XX siècle)." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMC035/document.
Full textToday, buckwheat is unavoidably associated with the famous Breton galettes (buckwheat pancakes), yet we know little of its history. Introduced as a subsistence crop in western France (Brittany and west Normandy) during the 15th and 16th centuries, buckwheat became the predominant crop and foodstuff in the region from the 17th century. This study examines the role of buckwheat in various aspects of societies in western France from the 16th century to the 20th century, via four main sections: the introduction and spread of buckwheat in Europe, its place in the agrarian systems of the Armorican Massif, its impact on the diets of populations in this region and its use in relieving subsistence crises. The chapters compare practices in Brittany and Normandy, to identify elements of a common identity among populations in western France, and elements that are specific to territories. This comparative approach is repeated within these two spaces, to identify local particularities
François, Donatien. "Connectivité fonctionnelle chez Vipera berus (Linnaeus, 1758), une espèce peu dispersante et aux mœurs discrètes : caractérisation des flux de gènes à fine échelle spatiale au sein d’un paysage contrasté." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REN1B002.
Full textFace to the impact of land-use changes on species dispersal, decisions were recently conducted at French regional scale to favour and to maintain connectivity. The aim of this work was to quantified connectivity for a model species threatened in Western Europe : the common European adder (V. berus). Its secretive behaviour required to use an indirect and individual-based approach to measure its dispersal thanks to molecular techniques. Thus, V berus gene flow were analysed at fine spatial scale (10 × 7 km²) on a study site (A0) made up of two sub-areas with contrasting landscapes (A1/A2), both by land use and their temporal stability (instable/stable). Genetic differentiation on A0 is weak and mainly associated with a strong isolation-by-distance (IBD) pattern. Dispersal is therefore spatially limited in V. berus (natal dispersal ≤ 500m) and related to males concerning adults. Moreover, gene flow is also influenced by landscape heterogeneity : (i) by meadow (A0), urbanisation (A1) and dry grassland and forests (A2), (ii) particularly at 300m around individuals among spatial extent tested (10-500m) and (iii) more by the spatial configuration than the type and quantity of habitat patches. These innovative results contribute to (i) reflection about conservation strategies for V. Berus et (ii) underly the diversity of factors to consider in studying and maintaining connectivity at a more large spatial scale (dispersal pattern and process, spatio-temporal scales)