Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Brézil'
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Aguiar, João Henrique Catraio Monteiro. "Anni Iano: um estudo de caso sobre as temporadas culturais franco-brasileiras de 2005 (Brésil, Brésils) e de 2009 (França.Br2009)." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2012. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3917.
Full textAs manifestações culturais e a cultura, em geral, têm adquirido relevância e protagonismo nas relações internacionais contemporâneas. Tal fenômeno possibilitou maior quantidade de pesquisas, teorias e trabalhos no campo das Relações Internacionais dedicadas a essa dimensão. Almeja-se com este trabalho contribuir com uma análise no plano das Relações Culturais Internacionais, enfocando o Ano do Brasil na França (2005) e o Ano da França no Brasil (2009). Através da análise destas duas temporadas culturais, analisa-se a densidade dessa profunda relação histórica entre Brasil e França, marcada pelos cálculos estratégicos de ambos os países. Esta pesquisa pretendeu mostrar que as temporadas culturais tornaram-se um dos modelos de diplomacia cultural adequados aos desafios da nova ordem global. Por isso, foi feito um estudo de caso sobre as temporadas franco-brasileiras de 2005 e 2009, através de pesquisa monográfica teórico-histórica; a qual demonstrou como as referidas temporadas culturais conciliam forças culturais em oposição na atualidade, ao mesmo tempo em que promoveram o intercâmbio cultural.
The cultural events and the culture, in general, have acquired relevance and leading role in the contemporary international relations. This phenomenon permitted largest amount of researches, theories, and works, on the field of International Relations, dedicated to this dimension. Aiming in this work to contribute with an analysis in terms of Cultural International Relations, it will be focus the Year of Brazil in France (2005) and the Year of France in Brazil (2009). Through this analysis of the two cultural seasons the density of this profound historical relation (between Brazil and France) marked by strategic calculations of both countries have been analyzed. The research intention was to show that cultural seasons have turned into one of the models of cultural diplomacy adequate to the challenges of the new global order. For that, it was done a case study on the French-Brazilian seasons of 2005 and 2009, through a monographic and theoretical-historical research, through which it was shown that the cultural seasons have been conciliating cultural seasons in opposition nowadays, at the same time it have been promoting the cultural exchange.
Costa, Tanize. "Un Brésil de papier : les représentations du Brésil dans la presse française (1874-1899)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01H098/document.
Full textThis thesis analyses the construction models of representations of Brazil in the French pressof the late 19th century, the images of this country that are given, by this bias, to the French and howthey are used in France. Besides its historiographical value, the travel narratives from foreigns areused by the nationals, especially in the New World, as an essential mean to construct a nationalidentity. The press, privileged producer of these narratives, is prosperous in France at this time. Sothat it serves as a model for the entire world, including Brazil, where many of its newspapers aredistributed to the elites used to reading them. These are essential factors to the French culturalsupremacy in Brazil.The French media devices build, according to the writing register used, three differentrepresentations of Brazil: “exotic”, “Latin” and “in movement”. First, Brazil is seen as opposed toFrance: it is not a cultural country, but a natural one, a new one, inhabited by savages, slaves andrastaquouères, where nature is at the same time admired for its richness and feared for itsoverwhelming and dangerous presence. Then, although inferior, Brazil is seen as an importantpartner. France is the model of the Latin culture, in which Brazil is included. These twoperspectives, always related to France, are especially present in texts that use almost exclusivelyFrench sources – travel narratives, adventure and serial romances, advertisements, financial anderudite reports, faits divers, high society notes, interviews and articles. When the sources used areproduced due to the new technologies and are not French – as are the telegraphs – a thirdrepresentation of Brazil emerges. This one distances itself progressively from France. Theprofessionalization of the press and the technological developments lead, finally, to the morediverse representations of Brazil
Essa tese analisa as modalidades de construção de um imaginário sobre o Brasil na imprensafrancesa de fins do século 19, as imagens deste país que são dadas, por este meio, aos franceses ecomo estas são usadas na França. Além de seu valor historiográfico, os relatos de viagem deestrangeiros servem aos nacionais, principalmente do Novo Mundo, como meio essencial de seconstruir uma identidade nacional. A imprensa, produtor privilegiado destes relatos, é prospera naFrança neste momento. A tal ponto que ela serve de modelo para o mundo todo, inclusive para oBrasil, onde diversos de seus jornais são difundidos para as elites habituadas a lê-los. Tais pontossão decisivos para a supremacia cultural francesa no Brasil.Os dispositivos midiáticos franceses constroem, de acordo o tipo de escrita utilizado, trêsrepresentações diferentes do Brasil: “exótico”, “latino” e “dinâmico”. Primeiramente, o Brasil évisto como oposto à França: ele não é um país de cultura, mas de natureza, um país novo, habitadopor selvagens, escravos e rastaqueras onde a natureza é concomitantemente admirada por suariqueza e temida por sua presença dominante e perigosa. Em seguida, mesmo inferior, o Brasil évisto como um importante parceiro. A França é modelo da cultura latina, na qual o Brasil estáinserido. Estas duas representações do Brasil mantêm sempre uma relação à França e são presentessobretudo nos textos que usam quase exclusivamente fontes francesas – relatos de viagem,romances de aventuras e folhetinescos, publicidades, relatórios financeiros e eruditos, faits divers,notas mundanas, entrevistas e artigos. A partir do momento que as fontes usadas não são maisfrancesas e são produzidas graça às novas tecnologias – como as malas e os telegramas, escritos doBrasil e por profissionais – uma terceira representação do Brasil surge. Esta se separaprogressivamente da França. A profissionalização da imprensa e os desenvolvimentos tecnológicoslevam, finalmente, a representações mais diversas do Brasil
Dupont, Marie-Claude. "Culture et prostitution au Brésil." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/mq25568.pdf.
Full textDomont, Ronaldo Reinehr. "Le surréalisme et le Brésil." Paris 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA010534.
Full textAfter the historic reconstitution of the diffusion of surrealism in Brazil, from early begining to today, and through a comparative analysis, we pretend to show the contribution of surrealism as an element of the belonging of art in Brazil to modernity. For this purpose we confront poetry effects, imaginary and formal effects : different space notions, erotic plethoras, parodic relations, correspondances of tropes in art and formalisation of an esthetic thinking. We particulary analysed the antecedents close to surrealism : a certain brazilian symbolism, the painting of Tarsila Do Amaral, Vicente do Rego Monteiro, Ismael Nery, Flavio de Carvalho, Cicero Dias, Antonio Bento, Wesley Duke Lee, Jef Golyscheff, Octavio Araujo, the collage of Serfio Lima et Tereza d'Amico and the sculpture of Maria Martins. We determine the relations between the effects of this art with essentialist poetry and the young surrealist poetry of the sixties in Sao Paulo
Silva, Portanova Rogério. "Ecologie et politique au Brésil." Paris 8, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA080917.
Full textThe theme of the following thesis is the relation between ecology and policy in brazil first of all, we've analysed liberal and conservative conceptions based on the nature as far as a project of national construction is concerned. As a political and a social subject, ecology appeared in brazil about 1980. It comes from democratisation process of brazil society, that involves new social and political actors'emergence. The development of our work is divided in two parts. The first part deals with ecology as social association (ngo) and, the second one, with ecology as political party. Therefore, brazil green party survey has been developed in this line. Ecologist association is, among others, more important than green party. So, in a chapter, we've studied chico mendes'struggle and forest people's organisation to save amazonia. The great question coming from our thesis, is to know, if there is an independence space for ecology based on a socio-political way. For a deeply answer we've analysed programs of other brazil political parties. This, to make us able to precise how ecology theme is developed. According to green party, we've studied its origin, proclamation, program, government plan, election platform, political allies, electoral results and its juridical problems. To end, we've noticed, throughout a typology, the different theories of ecology conception. In conclusion, we've developed few proposals from intellectuals concerned by this subject
Lourenço, de Abreu Maria Leonor. "Benjamin Péret et le Brésil." Thesis, Paris 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA030067.
Full textBenjamin Péret has twice spent long periods of time in Brazil: both at the end of the 1920's and in 1955/56. After leaving Europe to immerse himself in Brazilian cultural roots, he was welcomed by members of the "anthropophagous" movement, conducted by Oswald de Andrade, a movement centered on a mythical figure - the Indian cannibal. His trip resulted in a fundamental discovery: the inner Other: the Black, in its magical, mythical, historical and political dimensions. "Primitive" and salvage poetry, as in the mysterious afro-brazilian rituals, acted as a revelation for him and enabled him to develop a theory about primitivism as deeply rooted in Consciousness and linked with the dynamic of life. During his second stay, Péret continued his explorations and focused his writing on a different type of Other: the Autochton. He used different literary genres to express and explore Otherness: critical and historical essay, travel stories, documentaries, poems, sentences, short-stories, and (parody of) myths. This study makes inroads into Péret's Brazilian experiences, highlights the intercultural and intertextual nature of his encounter with Brazil and demonstrates its impact on his own mythology, on his thinking and on his writing, which is always linked with surrealism and its ethical and aesthetical requirements
Lourau, Julie. "Fêtes, identités et tourisme à Salvador de Bahia : les « pauvres » du commerce de rue dans la « fête monde » carnaval : population noire et informalité." Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0562.
Full textThe starting point of this thesis is based on an ethnography of street traders during the public festivals and Salvador de Bahia's festival. The main question addressed by this research study is the place given to black culture in Brazilian society, in particular when it is the product of the poor, black population, as is the case of most street traders. To address this topic two research traditions have been used in Brazil. One involves the sociological studies that were first used in the 1930's (Bastide), the culture of Bahia seen and understood as a syncretic culture, where Brazil's 3 founding races (European, Indian and African) live in 'entente cordiale". The other is more recent, linked to urban anthropology (Hannerz) or to anthropology of cities (Agier), in which identity dynamics are looked at based on the study of the "moral regions" of Salvador and its festivals, which reveals the dynamics of marginalization and fragmentation that are in place in the city. These two perspectives allow us to set the syncretic vision (that of the street vendors) against the urban and global logics (those of the public powers), thus revealing the identity dilemma (found by myself as a social science researcher) on Salvador's street vendors: are they "afro-descendants" maintaining a tradition of street trading that belonged to the Africans of Salvador? Or are they "poor people" looking for a way to survive in the current economical panorama (well represented by the festive tourism section)?
Zordo, Silvia de. "Planifier la reproduction, construire la nation, gouverner la vie : planning familial et incorporation des inégalités à Salvador de Bahia." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0352.
Full textIn this dissertation, I examine the family planning politics carried out in Brazil since the military dictatorship as biopolitics. I examine in particular how they have been embodied by working class, black Bahian women grown up during the democratization process. First, I examine the history of eugenics and family planning in Brazil and in particular the medical and moral discourses concerning family planning developped during the last three decades. Then, through the ethnography of a family planning center, a maternity-hospital and a peripheral neighborhood in Salvador de Bahia, I show how social and particularly gender and racial iniqualities are produced and reproduced in the relationship between health professionals and patients and how they are embodied and discussed by the latter. Finally, I examine which are the consequences of this embodiment on their repoductive and contraceptive trajectories as well as on their daily life
Mougeot, Rémy. "Etude de la limite archéen-protérozoi͏̈que et des minéralisations Au,+U associées : exemples des régions de Jacobina (Etat de Bahia, Brésil) et de Carajas (Etat de Para, Brésil)." Montpellier 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON20131.
Full textZanotelli, Cláudio Luiz. "Le pôle de Tubarão et l'expansion périphérique de l'agglomération de Vitória - Espírito Santo - Brésil." Paris 10, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA100035.
Full textDos, Santos Volnei Edson. "Le cinéma : un rapport entre l'oubli et le présent : l'expérience émotionnelle d'une ville avec le cinéma." Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05H099.
Full textThe main objective of this is to reflect upon the social universe of a city, using the cinematographic reception as the supporting point. Thus, the empirical perspective of the thesis lies on the experience the city of Londrina has had with the cinema, with special emphasis which directs this work tries to vedate the cinema as the privileged place in which one can understand a city. The relationship cinema city is understood within a dimension of reciprocity; that is, the city is the generator "per excellence" of topics and history for the cinema allows itself to perceive, through the images and generates, the contours of a fiction which cuts through the daily activities of a city. The division proposed in this thesis tries to answer this question. Part I deals with methodological questions. As the methodology is proposed, questions related to the city and the cinema are discussed within a theoretical framework. Part ii aims at an empirical description of the city of Londrina, keeping in mind the main objective of this work. In an attempt to approximate the two preceding parts the unique experience of Londrina with the cinema is discussed in part iii, the last part of the thesis
Pitombeira, Lacourly Rita Marina. "Le processus d'apprentissage : rapport pédagogique et contexte socio-culturel : étude de l'échec scolaire dans les écoles publiques de Fortaleza-Ceara-Brésil." Paris 5, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA05H030.
Full textStudy of the causes of school failures in public primary schools, from the lst to the 4th series, in Fortaleza, capital of the state of Ceara in Brazil the structure of this study is as follows: "general context and methodology" consists of defining the scope of our field of action : school failure and aspects of the implied reality involving a sample comprising three public schools. Materials used : teachers questionnaire, classroom observation, pupils characterization note, school characterization note. "The school - an approach to its reality", here we present the evolutionary aspect of school in relation to time and space; examine its organization, its structure and the pupil school life environment. "The different aspects of the teaching-learning process", here we analyze the contents of the school curriculum, the overall teaching and pupil appraisal methods. We based this part of the work on teacher’s representations and on our direct observation of their art. "The pupils in their social, cultural and economic context”
Carneiro, Filho Arnaldo. "Evolution des paysages dans le bassin moyen du Rio Négro (Amazonie brésilienne) depuis le pléniglaciaire moyen : Apports des indicateurs morphogéniques des archives alluviales et éoliennes." Strasbourg 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002STR1GEO1.
Full textThe amazonian quaternary environmental history is still poorly known. Paleoecological data are scarce and extrapolations of long paleoclimatic reconstructions based on pollen evidence alone seems inadequate to give a picture of the recent Quaternary changes for the entire Amazon basin. Our multidisciplinary approach intends to bring some new evidences of the quaternary landscape evolution of the northern portion of the Amazon basin. The study on relict linear eolian dunes bordering the Rio Negro River and some tributaries, indicates a past drier climate regime during the Pleistocene - Holocene transition. Here we present thermoluminescence ages spanning the period of 32,000 B. P. The final dune stabilization took place after 8,000 B. P. At present, the dunes are fixed by vegetation. Closely, the Itui Lake pollen core provides a synthesis of Holocene vegetation dynamics between 9,580 and 6,500 BP. Fluvial sediment cores spanning 55 000 to 37 000 BP were obtained from six terraces (Aracá and Cuieiras rivers) on the Rio Negro basin. Plant macrofossil records indicate that before 5̃5 000 B. P. , lowland areas were covered by a vegetation mosaic similar to the present one. After 55 000 BP the hydrological systems are marked by the installation of a more seasonal climate and the alluvial deposits have a strong asymmetrical shape if compared with the present depositional conditions. The lowermost unit consists of 2-3m of interbedding of fine to medium gravelly massive or cross-stratified sand and lenticular bodies of massive or cross-stratified sandy gravel with very fine to coarse pebbles. This facies unit was deposited in a sand gravel braided system perhaps associated to more drier and seasonal sort of climate. These results argue against the current opinions of absence of drastic ecological changes in the Amazon LGS. As a consequence, debate concerning the ecological consequences of Amazonian aridity in terms of biogeography and biodiversity needs to be reopened
Aires, Filho Benaias. "Un exemple de modernisation conservatrice : l'UDR et les propriétaires ruraux dans l'Etat de Goias." Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHES0016.
Full textIn Brazil, the growing of interests for an agrarian reform was accompanied by a diversity of patterns of representation of th land owners. The UDR (The Democratic Union of the Ruralists) was created in a potitical transition period when important measures were decided about the laws of the land. Our study is divised in three parts. In the first part we describe the brazilian modernization process occurred in the country. This process fortified the political power of the strong Brazilian land owners, the social inequality and concentrated the income between a little number of land owners. We also present the history of a Brazilian state, Goias. Until the years eighty, it has been an important agricultural frontier. However Goias is actually one of the strongest productors of grains in Brazil. In the second part we analyze the reality of the patronal representation in the country. The main subject studied is UDR, an organization with a novel pattern of representation of the Brazilian land owners, originated in a period of a political transition. We also study the authoritarian characteristics of the land owners of Goias. Finally we present the fairs and exhibitions, an important place of exhibition and social reproduction of this category. In the third part of this study we try to characterize the Brazilian version of the conservative thought of the leaders of UDR, the union that represents the land owners
Rennó, Fernanda de Andrade Pinto. "Le Sertão Mineiro : un territoire à la recherche de ses paysages." Toulouse 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009TOU20052.
Full textThe Cerrado is one of the most important Brazilian biomes. Currently classified as one of the world’s hotspots due to its biodiversity, this piece of land has been suffering a series of changes motivated by goals which are rather economic than social. Such changes can be perceived through landscape dynamics and the local population perception of the current situation. To understand this piece of the Brazilian Sertão, this piece of Brazil, we suggest a landscape analysis which may allow for the appreciation and evidencing of forgotten and little valued vistas by the Brazilian and worldwide societies. After a non-exhaustive presentation about the evolution of the concept of landscape in Brazilian geography, we will present the definitions and methodology that were the basis of our research. Afterwards, the dissertation is developed following a course that begins with a more physical description of the region of the study in order to present a filtered way of regarding the landscape, and is concluded with the suggestion of Touristic Itineraries. The perspective of some barranqueiros (local population) has helped us complement our analysis, and remove those vistas from an apparent banality. The ordinary was replaced by the extraordinary. Seemingly banal views revealed an infinite and singular views. It was also surprising to find that the society is so wise, albeit sometimes utopian. This dissertation originates from several questions and objective and subjective anxieties: the study of a part of the Middle São Francisco Bay, limited by the cities of Pirapora, Itacarambi and Montes Claros
Després, Caroline. "Les conduites préventives à Curitiba (Sud du Brésil) : la responsabilité individuelle à l'épreuve des structures sociales." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0326.
Full textThis piece of research uses an anthropological approach to anlyse the preventive behaviors at Curitiba (southern Brazil). New categories of prevention are created in order to approach the prevention in the specific frames of reference of people outside the normative medical concept of prevention. The multicultural context of Brazil provides a rich material at the cultural and social level. This reveals a great diversity in the importance of prevention in people's life and in the forms it takes. The material collected was primarily based on interviews enabling the researcher to undersand how the relevant events are sensed in the life stories and what is implemented by people to prevent and protect themselves from diseases. The behaviors were analysed within their historical, social and medical context. Individual preferences and the structural dimensions that impose constraints on the individual choices are articulated
Carmo, Rodrigues Marcelo. "L'imaginaire de la fête "tribale" au Brésil : l'exemple du "Miss Brésil Gay" à Juiz de Fora." Thesis, Paris 5, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA05H024/document.
Full textSince 1976 the beauty pageant contest Miss Gay Brazil is held annually in Juiz de Fora (Brazil) and its 36 editions regularly attract thousands of tourists. The competition takes place between the 27 Brazilian states represented by competitors who are not transvestites, but men who dress as women. Held as one of the first of its kind in Brazil, it has become one of the most representative cultural events in the city and one of the country’s best known gay events. This thesis will discuss homosexuality and « gay tribes » to validate the hypothesis that the contest is approaching a « postmodern effervescence ». The first part is based on traditional sociology, « comprehensive sociology », the imaginary and « everyday life sociology ». There is also a theoretical review of the most relevant points of works by Michel Maffesoli in relation to this study: tribalism, identity, alterity, effervescence and Dionysus. The rituals and rites of passage are given special attention, according to their importance in this research. The second part is a transdisciplinary approach to homosexuality, through a socio-historical reconstruction, identities, « gay tourism », utilisations of the body and homophobia. The third part is devoted to the « field », composed by the « life stories method » of five Brazilian Gay Misses. This is a qualitative research that uses « observing participation » and « participating observation » to arrive at data analysis, validation and verification of results, exposed in the fifth part. Through the microcosm of Miss Gay Brazil, the aim is to contribute to the development of new categories of sociological thought on homosexuality and fêtes « tribales » from a postmodern point of view
Reesink, Mísia Lins. "Les passages obligatoires : cosmologie catholique et mort dans le quartier de Casa Amarela, à Recife (Pernambuco-Brésil)." Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHES0139.
Full textGranchamp, Florentino Laurence. "Urbanisation, stratégies familiales et multipolarité rurale-urbaine : la Transamazonienne à l'ouest d'Altamira (Pará, Brésil)." Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHES0012.
Full textRibard, Franck. "Le carnaval noir de Bahia : ethnicité, identité et fête afro à Salvador." Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040262.
Full textThis search is based on an accurate observation of the carnival of Salvador (state capital of Bahia, in Brazil). It unfolds in a double perspective of analysis. On the one level, it deals with the notions of feast and the carnival on the whole, but particularly how its different aspects evolve and develop in Bahia. On a different level, the analysis discusses the cultural dynamism, the search for identity, and notions of being ethnic that the "afro world" of Salvador develops. In this respect the historical perspective of studying the socio economic, political reality and the ethnic relations shades new light on the modes of participation in the feast by the "afro groups". These groups, through the activities they organize the year in the neighborhoods of the town, occupy for many reasons an important role in the organization of the black community in Salvador: they are the only groups proposing social and cultural creation. They encourage an awareness and maturity for the collective, ethnic identity. They are the first nears of expression and affirmation for their particular culture on its grievances. The carnival constitutes an essential vehicle for this expression. This study, focusing on the feast, the general interaction between groups and individuals, the symbolic and political dimensions, the custom, the forms and contents, puts into relief the existence of the essential aspirations of society and the specific strategies adopted by the different groups of people
Éloy, Ludivine. "Entre ville et forêt : le futur de l'agriculture amérindienne en question : transformations agraires en périphérie de São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Nord-ouest amazonien, Brésil." Paris 3, 2005. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00124085.
Full textThis thesis is a study of indigenous agriculture transformations around a small amazonian city. More than the demographic density, the agrarian transformations depend on the migration trajectories of the families up to the city, through various property rights in natural ressources and possibilities of collecting incomes mediated by large kinship networks. The farmers select imported agricultural techniques and transform their traditional practices. If one observes the existence of a specialization towards the market, family strategies of diversification are more current. The multilocal territorialities make it possible to compensate for the increasing scarcity of the natural resources, and to satisfy new aspirations. Swidden cultivation plays a central part in these territorial transformations, because, from its flexibility, it combines in space and time with the other activities. These innovations place again the Indigenous peoples as the central actors of the creation of the modernity in their territories
Oliveira, Barros Maria Eleusa de. "Effet de la macrofaune sur la structure et les processus physiques du sol de paturages dégradés d' Amazonie." Paris 6, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA066378.
Full textVitrolles, Delphine. "La promotion de l'origine au Brésil." Phd thesis, Université Lumière - Lyon II, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00664382.
Full textPaixaõ, Helena Heloísa. "Santé et classes populaires au Brésil." Paris, EHESS, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985EHES0121.
Full textTheodoro, Mario Lisboa. "L'intervention étatique sur l'informel au Brésil." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010044.
Full textThis work focuses on state intervention on the informal in Brazil. This intervention has various characteristics: some actions aim at sustaining informal activities whereas other actions constrain and repress then. In order to study state intervention, a number of key theoretical concepts are discussed, such as the informal sector, informality and the employement system. Secondly, certain aspects of the history of the making of the Brazilian labour market are presented, particularly since the abolition of slavery. Finally, the specificities of Brazil in the last decades are detailed, and more specifically the reproduction of inequalities and preservation scheme of rigid social structures. In this context, the state plays a central role in the modernization without change that characterizes the case of Brazil. State intervention on the informal manages misery without questioning it, thus encouraging vote-catching and corporatist practices, or even the use of the state apparatus for the benefit of a few politically and/or economically stronger groups
Moreira, Martins Angéla Maria. "L'activité foncière urbaine à Marica, Brésil." Paris 10, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA100056.
Full textFrança, Barbara. "Le syndicalisme des fonctionnaires au Brésil." Paris 8, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA081027.
Full textThe syndicalism of the public workers in brazil is studied within the structural and histiric environment of this country. The political organization of such social category is analysed under it links to the process of the ongoing proletarianization, the literature that contributes to its caricatural representation, the government, the political parties and the syndicalism of the blue collar workers. The main issues of such syndicalism are the ones that express the current dilemma lived by all the brazilien workers
Vitrolles, Delphine. "La promotion de l’origine au Brésil." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO20088/document.
Full textLusophone giant of Latin America and second world’s largest agricultural exporter, Brazil is an emerging country. Since the 1990s, new tools for promoting the origin of food products have been developed at the initiative of the government and civil society. Their profusion questions the interpretation and appropriation modes of international and national standards. In Europe, the origin-link and the territorial roots of local products were forged on long term and confirm the hypothesis of the social construction of quality. New World country, the first image associated to Brazil is a country where the agricultural frontier continues to move forward and therefore, a population without strong anchoring to a territory. However, the structure and modes of occupation of space are more complex. They result from the tradition of different waves of immigration, their mode of local appropriation and construction of specific identities. The construction of the origin-link also reflects the inclusion in the international market of a country that, at present, participates fully in the global economy. Thus, the promotion of origin in Brazil refreshes the perspective on Brazilian agriculture, beyond the scope of export agriculture and questioning the local and regional economy. Beyond economic interests related to the opening in the export of niche markets, the local claiming appears to be an indication of the emergence of a national market inclined to protect and promote its cultural and natural heritage; a market which makes sense for the local actors who promotes the concept of origin
Gigante lusófono da América Latina e segunda potência agroexportadora mundial, o Brasil é um país emergente. Desde os anos 1990, novas ferramentas de promoção da origem dos produtos agroalimentares se desenvolvem por iniciativa do governo e da sociedade civil. A profusão de estratégias questiona os modos de interpretação e apropriação de modelos de normas internacionais e nacionais. Na Europa, a ligação com a origem e a inscrição territorial dos produtos locais construíram-se em um tempo bastante longo e confirmam a hipótese da construção social da qualidade. País do novo mundo, a primeira imagem associada ao Brasil é aquela de um país cuja fronteira agrícola continua avançando, condicionando a inexistência de uma ligação forte das populações a um território. No entanto, a estrutura e os modos de ocupação do espaço são muito mais complexos. Resultam das tradições formadas em diferentes ondas de imigração, dos modos de apropriação local do espaço e da construção de identidades específicas. A construção da ligação à origem reflete também a inserção no mercado internacional de um país que, atualmente, participa plenamente de uma economia mundial. Assim, a promoção da origem no Brasil reatualiza o olhar sobre a agricultura brasileira, indo além do âmbito de uma agricultura de exportação e questionando aquele da economia local e regional. Além dos interesses econômicos relacionados à abertura para exportação em mercados de nicho, a reinvindicação do local aparece como um indício da emergência de um mercado nacional propenso a proteger e promover seu patrimônio cultural e natural; um mercado onde o “local” faz sentido para os atores que mobilizam a noção de origem
Amaral, Pedro. "Le contrat de franchise au Brésil." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON10072/document.
Full textAs any other developing country, Brazil is very sensitive concerning foreign investments, which stimulates its industry and commerce, domestically or cross borders. At the same time, legal safety is one of the keys in this Brazilian international commerce consolidation, especially vis-à-vis Europe and France, in order to ensure a sustainable and continuous development of the country. In this context, in 2001 already, several political and legal aspects were mentioned by the World Bank and the French Government as true barriers to foreign investment : bureaucracy, work force cost, taxation, technology transfer, and the respect to contracts and international treaties. The present essay aims to contribute to the development of the relationship between Brazil and the franco-european investors, by providing a better comprehension of the Brazilian legal system, through a comparative analysis of the franchising agreement, which demands deeper studies in view of its complexity, concerning particularly contract law, competition and intellectual property
Cherrier, Pauline. "Entre Japon et Brésil : identités décalées." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO20083.
Full textThis research paper proposes a semiotic analysis of migrants' political identity based on the case-study of Japanese-Brazilian migrants. While the Japanese started emigrating to Brazil in 1908, subsequent generations of Japanese-Brazilians, referred to as 'Nikkeijin' or 'Nikkei-Brazilians', were officially and legally encouraged to migrate back to Japan in 1990 to pursue unqualified jobs, primarily in the industrial sector. These 'dekasegi', or temporary migrants, eventually prolonged their stay in Japan. By focusing our attention on public and official speeches about migrants, we can get a sense of the latter's emerging presence in both societies' public spaces. Migrants' ethnic media provide a space for representation in the host society and reflect the evolution of their societal status. Brazilian ethnic media in Japan, in particular, has played a major role in the upbringing of the migrant community, offering dekasegi greater visibility in the Japanese public space, long denied until recently. The comparative analysis of both Japanese emigration to Brazil and Japanese-Brazilians' emigration to Japan reveals what it means to be an immigrant across spaces and generations. In effect, we hope to shed a light on the making process of mixed identities as well as national identities. Examining the status of Japanese-Brazilians makes it obvious that in a context of globalization, the definition of both immigrants’ culture and nationals’ culture, remains a political stake for both the sending and the receiving country
Arnauld, de Sartre Xavier. "Territorialités contradictoires des jeunes ruraux amazoniens : mobilités paysannes ou sédentarités professionnelles ?" Toulouse 2, 2003. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00003992.
Full textYouth's future is a crucial stake for family farmers, trade unionists and sustainable development actors of a pioneer frontier of Amazônia. For the trade unionists and sustainable development actors, their objectives of make the farmers adopt sustainable practices would not be achieved with the current farmers; that's why they transferred their hopes on young farmers. The family farmers would like to reproduce their peasant way of life with their children. This these studies, by the way of analysis of semi structured interviews, the stakes of these hopes; and tries to compare them to the conceptions and practices of young farmers. These, analysed by the way of biographical interviews and formalised in a typology, are strongly different of wishes of those actors, and lead us to conclude that professionalization of family farming is a process which imply a deep break in the farmers conceptions
Picard, Jacky. "Les marchands de rêves : représentations sociales de l'échange et développement rural sur un front de colonisation en Amazonie brésilienne." Bordeaux 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR30011.
Full textThe agricultural colonization of the amazonian areas made more accessible by the opening of roads at the end of the 1960s, developed a hope for thousands of penniless brazilian people. Social conflicts, extremely violent, show that the access to the land still represents an obstacle to the realization of their dreams. Analysing these conflicts and the social organization of the settlers' communities that colonized the conquered land reveals the permanence of paternalist forms of domination and exploitation. Middlemen appear among the farmers and they set up a kind of advance loan on the harvest : food, and mainly manufactured good from the neighbour towns. The people who accept the loans do so because they are compelled to, but also because they hope the relationship thus established will grant them the protection they think necessary to succeed. They entrust their creditors with the commercialization of their harvest and doing so, are deprived of the market value of their overwork. The representation of these exchanges under a commercial form makes unintelligible to them the origin of the exploitation that reinforces the precariousness of their living conditions. Meanwhile, the farmers who succeed in acquiring some cattle do not need so much a protector. The "land race", sometimes conflictual, and the farmers infatuation for stock farming and, consequently, their participation in the pasture extension in the amazon, fit into strategies adapted to the paternalist social world but also contribute to its decline
Albernaz, Lorena Carneiro. "Activités antiparasitaires et antifongiques des plantes du Cerrado : Spiranthera odoratissima et Diospyros hispida." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MNHN0024.
Full textSerre, Agnès. "Aménagement urbain et organisations populaires : le cas des quartiers de Belém do Para (Brésil)." Paris, EHESS, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000EHES0013.
Full textDa, Costa Gurgel Helen. "Paludisme et dynamiques environnementales dans l'état de Roraima au Brésil." Paris 10, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA100001.
Full textDuring the last few decades, malaria has affected the lives of many people in the most impoverished regions of the world. In some regions, like the Amazon Region, this has also been a period of major social and environmental change. The State of Roraima, Brazil, has had to accept significant streams of migrants arriving mostly from the north-east of Brazil. As a result, the number of malaria cases has exploded. The main purpose of this work is to enlighten the dynamics of those environmental and social factors, as well as those linked with public policies, related to the evolution of Malaria in Roraima. The work uses Remote Sensing and GIS technologies, as well as a method to analyse spatial-temporal dynamics. The main results show that environmental factors, mainly related to the dynamics of the vector, have an influence at the local scale; social factors (population dynamics and cultures), play out more at middle scale; and public policy factors have an influence at regional scale
Prado, Helena. "L' Autre Face : dynamique des identifications culturelles et représentations du corps des Nippo-Brésiliens à Sao Paulo." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0726.
Full textMy PhD research in social anthropology focuses on Japanese-Brazilian minority and its process of acculturation in Brazil. My fieldwork in the global city of São Paulo, Brazil, among the third generation of Japanese-Brazilian, brought to my attention several local and national issues regarding to social representations of otherness (racial relationships and discriminations, and inherent questions about gender). Brazilian stereotypes on Japanese appear to remain in force even after several generations of migrants. In this context, it is still necessary to enunciate, to identify the “other” in order to underline his difference, especially if he has an “other face”. It seems that the practice of labeling has a key role in keeping boundaries between “ourselves” and “others” (Barth, 1979). The main hypothesis I propose is that racial prejudice is the last track of otherness precisely because its link with the face and the body. In other words, for Japanese-Brazilian to be emancipated from discrimination means to act on their own practices and representations of the body. The subsequent hypothesis is that these strategies of enhances image of the Asian body are intrinsically linked with globalization of Japanese culture, producing new imaginaries. As a result of my ethnography of relationships and networks among Japanese-Brazilian and other Brazilian, I have analyzed ethnic and racial labels, community and national narrative, and cultural reappropriation related with global imaginary of the Japanese body. Negotiating strategies and reversal of the stigma have emerged as discursive practices, as well as body practices, in order to build and invent multiple cultural identities
Dos, Reis José Marcelo Dantas. "Identite, leadership et changement organisationnel dans les blocos afro du carnaval de bahia." Paris 7, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA070031.
Full textWiefels, Marli Cigagna. "Les dynamiques de l'espace urbain de Niterói à travers l'évolution de la ville et de la région métropolitaine de Rio de Janeiro (Brésil)." Paris 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA030042.
Full textCastilho, Claudio Jorge Moura de. "Tourisme et mobilité socio-géographique des individus pauvres à Recife (Brésil)." Paris 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA030127.
Full textRouquayrol, Guillemette Leda. "Violence urbaine : l'évolution de la violence à Fortaleza (Brésil) à travers l'étude des crimes violents dans les années 80." Le Havre, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1993LEHA0005.
Full textThis dissertation in its introduction shows the propositions of several authors on urban violence and its causes. Then, some historic interpretations about the brazilian case are discussed such as migration from rural to urban areas, demographic density, and the drought problem in the northeastern region. The following chapters analyse violence in the daily life, specially in Fortaleza, northeast brazil. General data on its population, education levels and socio-economic statuses are shown. Specific data on homicides, suicides, rapes and other violences, in the years 1980 to 1989 in Fortaleza, are also analysed
Sousa, Alberto José de. "L'habitat des pauvres des grandes villes brésiliennes : une étude centrée sur le cas de Recife." Paris 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA010529.
Full textThe thesis examines causes of the uncontrolled settlements of large brazilian cities and policies adopted to deal with them. It comprises a critique of aspects of the existing knowledge and the formulation of new explanations that draw the attention to two facts:(a) that modernization has aggravated the housing problem by bringing about new needs that the poor have met by means of cuts in their expenditure on housing which have hindred the process of gradual upgrading of their shelters and have fed the growth of uncontrolled settlements; (b) that improvising a dwelling has been, for many poor families, a way of obtaining gains that are appropriated when the dwelling is removed by the government or sold, which encourages the construction of improvised shelters. The work refutes the idea that these shelters are generated by migration as well as some marxist ideas concerning this type of housing; it criticizes three new housing policies - sites and services, squatter up- grading and employment stimulation - and argues that the construction of dwellings is a better solution. Besides, it draws an outline of the question of low-income housing in Recife that was missing
Malheiros, Maria José. "L'urbanisation des invasions, réponse politique au problème de l'habitat populaire : analyse sur les quartiers d'invasion à Salvador de Bahia." Paris 12, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA120021.
Full textAfter having defining what is an invasion of land, how it takes place and in what it represents are of the alternatives of poor housing, we show, at what stage, the town of salvador de bahia was invaded since 1940. The invasions opposed the efforts done by the public power and the dominant class to create a "good town" with a marqued social segregation. Several policies was essentialy and alternatively used by the public power; it begin from the elimination of these districts and the displacement of the populations, to their normal integration in the town. The last politic called "urbanisation" if the invasion is impulsed by the federal state, facing a problem which takes a national dimension. Concretely, we are studying how two urbanisations : nordeste de amaralina and calabar were done. Each time, the great intentions of the begining are finaly reduced to road and equipment waks, with a minimum infrastructure and superstructure. Replacing these urbanisation operations on their contexte, we discovered that external objective, the valorisation the urban space, under the economical and political necessities control, with both, condition and resultant, to create a social excluded. When we place the interventions done on the invasion in a perspective of the great planning projects of salvador, we see that it is the same ideas of the 1940's urban plans always occur
Veiga, Iran. "Savoirs locaux et organisation sociale de l'agriculture amazonienne : la gestion durable des milieux en question." Toulouse 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOU20058.
Full textGonçalves, Rafael Soares. "Les constructions historiques d'un objet juridique : les favelas de Rio de Janeiro de la fin du XIXe siècle à nos jours." Paris 7, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA070043.
Full textThis work is designed to establish the historical reconstruction during quite a long period -from the end of the XIX century to the present time - of the somewhat cumulative and controversial process of development and consolidation of the Rio de Janeiro favelas (slums) as a specific juridical category. Such initiative is not limited to juridical issues, but extends to how the aforementioned reconstruction refers to a second sociopolitical look at law. The construction of the juridical object favela gradually turned out to be a juridical variable in itself that, while coming along on top of the juridical issues concerning the favelas, brought about a simplifying standardization of their juridical representation, in spite of the special features inherent to the multiple juridical statutes on land prevailing among the favelas, sometimes within one same favela. Therefore, this work is intended to bring out, on one side, the sociopolitical issues that are part of the very process of constructing this juridical object, and on the other side, the social effects resulting from this nominative function of the law, especially in respect of the various practices and strategies of a range of players, aimed at seizing the urban space in order to guarantee a privileged access to a dynamism peculiar to the cities
Nóvoa, Jorge Luis Bezerra. "Le Brésil dans le développement inégal du capitalisme : le cas de Bahia." Paris 7, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA070016.
Full textSilva, Vanderlan Francisco da. "Dissonances tropicales : la violence dans l'imaginaire brésilien." Paris 5, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA05H091.
Full textThe present thesis work discusses the place of the violence in the imaginary Brazilian. It proposes a reading of the function of the violence in the process of construction of the social relationships in Brazil. Leaving of a perspective in the which the violence if constitue as an element of base of the social relationships between individuals and groups, deal with the symbolic images of the violence. In the first two chapters is discussed the influences that the first conflicts between the autochthonous people and the Portuguese settlers produced for the Brazilian society. In the third chapter, is the discussed the production of the conflicts of its links with the geaographic space, being demonstrated as the physical spaces is classified while rifts where the notions of good and of evil they settle down in consonance with the Brazilian imaginary universe. In that chapter, we looked for to decipher as the perception of the violence and the several denominations still elaborated in each time they are themselves same result of valued and conflicting relationships that seek to make sacred some expressions of the violence at the same time they condemn others. In the fourth chapter, it is discussed the aesthetic transformations of the violence in the Brazilian modernity. In the last chapter the relationship is discussed among the social structure, hierarchy and the production of conflicts. It tries to show that the violence constitue a type of anthropological structure of the social relationships in Brazil
Andrade, Julia Santos Cossermelli de. "L'urbanisation corporative et la revalorisation du centre ville." Paris 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA010619.
Full textDos, Santos Nilo Rosa. "Marché du travail, économie informelle et discrimination : le cas de Salvador." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010553.
Full textOrrico, Romulo. "La politique tarifaire des transports collectifs urbains au Brésil : le cas de Salvador de Bahia." Paris 12, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA12I005.
Full textThis research studies two interdependent aspects of the urban public transport policy : funding and tarification. It contains a presentation of the studied case (the city of salvador in the state of bahia, brazil), a theoretical discussion and an analysis of fare policies based on a study of the actions of the various actors involved. An analysis of the historical evolution of the fare policy underlines a number of general actions, among which : the economic reorganization of the sector, the division and cartelization of the market, the relationships between the municipality and the bus operating companies, the subsidy and taxation of fares. . It is followed by an analysis of more micro actions on the computing of fares which underlines the main changes that have taken place and compares them with the informations and data available to the agencies in charge of public transport management. The impact of these actions is then analyzed (impacts on the economic characteristics of the market structure, on the fare calculation methods and the fare structure). The 1979-1984 period is particularly studies and these actions are related to the households' budgets and to the rate of useage of buses in order to assess the impact of fare policies on people's mobility. Finally, the results of the research are compared to the initial hypothesis and related questions are raised
Mora, Luis de la. "Pouvoir local, participation populaire et conquête de la citoyenneté : évaluation du processus de participation dans le plan de récupération des bidonvilles de Recife (Brésil)." Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010628.
Full textThe thesis evaluates the possibilities, preconditions, and the limites of community participation regarding the policy of favela upgrading in Recife - Prezeis. This action-research, carried out during the period 1985-1991, examines the conceptual, implementation, and development phases of the plan. To identify and analyze participant attitudes we reviewed pertinent research documents, reconstructed the "life histories" of 27 interviewees, and systematized 1822 participant interventions during 64 sessions of the Prezeis forum. The research identified and traced the evolution of participant involvement by type degree, and level. It highlights those categories most conductive to achieve greater degrees and levels, as well as those issues most accessible and likely to encourage participation. The thesis also identifies participant advocates with respect to the exclusion, the nature and the role of the state ; the significance and efficacy of urban popular movements ; the role of advisors ; the meaning, possibilities, limits, and risks of the participation process ; and the enhancement of critical conscience levels of some participants