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Smal, Eugene. "Automated brick sculpture construction." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/1621.
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Dickie, Jocelyn E. "Factors affecting the performance of brick veneer construction." Connect to this title online, 2008. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1211387249/.
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KROGER, STEPHANIE A. "ARCHITECTURE BUILT TO LAST: THE TIMELESSNESS OF BRICK." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1131399274.
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Hackett, A. J. "The influence of contaminated crushed brick aggregate on the strength, durability and leaching characteristics of concrete." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.273043.
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Eldridge, David P. "Brick Versus Earth: The Construction and Destruction of Confederate Seacoast Forts Pulaski and McAllister, Georgia." UNF Digital Commons, 1996. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/128.
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The United States government created America's third coastal defense system during the early-to-mid nineteenth century based upon the recommendations of the Board of Engineers of 1816. The engineers of 1816 believed the most economical means of protecting America was the construction of large, permanent forts along key areas of America's coast.
Union forces under Brigadier General Quincy Gillmore seized Fort Pulaski in April of 1862. Pulaski was one of the most formidable forts built under the third system. Gillmore required two months to install the weapons used against Pulaski; most of the time was spent installing smoothbore Columbiads, the standard breaching weapon of the day. Yet the weapons that destroyed Pulaski were lighter, rifled guns. Gillmore attributed the fort's destruction to rifled weapons, and found the smoothbore guns practically worthless during the engagement.
All forts built by Southern engineers prior to the fall of Pulaski, prior to the proof of the superiority of rifled weapons over permanent works, were earthen forts. Masonry's obsolescence was not a factor in the decision to build earthen works. The South needed forts immediately, for it faced an enemy that had invaded its soil and established a base on its shores. The change in construction material from masonry to earth was not in response to the recognition of a new threat, the rifled weapon, but because the Confederacy lacked the time and resources to build forts like Pulaski.
Earthen forts like Fort McAllister, Georgia, were able to withstand repeated attacks by the United States Navy and emerged unscathed. The largest guns in Federal service, 15" Columbiads, were used on several occasions against McAllister. The fort did not fall until assaulted by a greatly superior land force.
Although the lessons provided by earthen forts did not change the immediate future of coastal defenses, they did have an impact later in the nineteenth century. Under the Endicott system of the 1880s, engineers constructed coastal forts as one-tier works with dispersed batteries. The materials used were earth and reinforced concrete. By the tum of the century the impressive forts of the third system were abandoned in favor of the Endicott forts.
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Hamilton-MacLaren, Fiona. "Alternative, more sustainable, wall construction techniques than brick and block, for new housing in England and Wales." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2013. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/12375.
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There is a need to reduce the emissions of the country as a whole, to limit the risk of climate change due to Global warming and to meet targets set by the Kyoto agreement and the Climate Change Act. The large number of houses constructed annually in England and Wales have an important role to play in this. By reducing emissions, resulting from both the manufacture of construction materials and the energy used by house occupants, housing can help achieve the necessary emissions reductions. Alternative construction methods can contribute to this, either by having a lower embodied energy or by demonstrating good thermal properties to limit heat loss and hence operational energy. However, it is essential that both the construction industry and the public accept the alternative construction methods for them to be economically viable. In addition, there should be no loss of performance as a result of using alternative construction methods. Six methods of construction were studied in depth, including generating embodied and operational energy requirements and identifying their performance in terms of airtightness, wall thickness, and fire resistance. Public and industry acceptability were examined by use of questionnaires. A comparison of the data collected showed that identifying the best, or optimal, option visually is a challenging task as no single method of construction is best in all areas. A methodology was created to aid the selection of a wall construction method. The methodology is capable of examining multiple variables, in this work it is demonstrated with construction method and front building dimension. To identify the optimal method, optimisation by genetic algorithms is used. Use of the methodology was demonstrated with a case study based on the most frequently constructed housing type for England and Wales. The importance of weighting was demonstrated with the use of weightings based on concerns held by different parties. It was found that minimising the external wall area gives the optimal solution as less material is needed and there is less opportunity for heat loss. For the situation examined in the case study, Structural Insulated Panels (SIPs) were identified as having the potential to reduce the environmental impact of housing construction in England and Wales without impacting saleability or performance.
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Bates, Caroline Nijole. "Feasibility evaluation of fired brick technology as a construction material and income-generating industry in Northern Ghana." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/90007.
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Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2014.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 80-83).
This work evaluates the potential to develop fired brick production in the Northern Region of Ghana. While several brick factories operate in southern Ghana, no factories are known to exist in northern Ghana, which remains economically depressed despite the fact that the World Bank now classifies Ghana as a lower middle income country. The development of a sustainable brick industry in northern Ghana could provide employment and stability to communities, a local source of construction material, and could support Pure Home Water in its aim of becoming locally and financially self-sustaining. The evaluation includes visits to existing brick factories in southern Ghana, field investigations to evaluate the quality and quantity of clay-rich soil available for brick making, laboratory testing of soil and brick samples, consideration of brick production best practices, and a preliminary economic assessment of brick making in Ghana. The study concludes that the Gbalahi Plot soils are most suitable for brick production using the existing intermittent kiln technologies in Ghana. However, given the intense energy requirements for fired brick production using intermittent kilns, alternative fuel sources and kiln technologies should be considered to reduce energy consumption and emissions and mechanization should be incorporated to reduce worker drudgery. Preliminary economic analyses show that brick production is profitable but that the industry is subject to inherent risks related to climatic and cultural factors in Ghana.
by Caroline Nijole Bates.
M. Eng.
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Cuneo, Passalacqua Gian Piero, and Miranda Juan José Ricaldi. "Incremento de la productividad de tabiques de albañilería confinada utilizando el sistema constructivo de bloques apilables en seco y autoencajables Ital Block." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/629501.
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El objetivo principal de la presente investigación es idear un sistema que logre disminuir el costo y el tiempo de elaboración de muros no portantes de albañilería confinada. Para lograrlo se ha diseñado un sistema de bloques de arcilla apilables en seco y autoencajables que cumple con todas las normas imputables.
Para determinar el rendimiento del sistema diseñado se fabricaron las piezas y se construyó un muro con medidas típicas. Los resultados para dicho caso de estudio se resumen en un ahorro de 17% en el costo directo (considerando todo el muro en su conjunto) y 76% en el tiempo empleado (solo en el asentado de bloques).The principal objective of this research is to design a system that manage to reduce the cost and time in the construction of non-structural masonry walls. To achieve this, it has been designed a Mortarless Dry-Stacked Interlocking Masonry Clay Bricks which verifies all the imputable codes. To determine the performance of the system, the bricks were made and a wall with typical measurements was built. The results for this study are 17% of reduction in the direct cost (considering the whole wall) and 76 % less time used (alone in the brick seating).
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Rashidi, Abbas. "Evaluating the performance of machine-learning techniques for recognizing construction materials in digital images." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/49122.
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Digital images acquired at construction sites contain valuable information useful for various applications including As-built documentation of building elements, effective progress monitoring, structural damage assessment, and quality control of construction material. As a result there is an increasing need for effective methods to recognize different building materials in digital images and videos.
Pattern recognition is a mature field within the area of image processing; however, its application in the area of civil engineering and building construction is only recent.
In order to develop any robust image recognition method, it is necessary to choose the optimal machine learning algorithm.
To generate a robust color model for building material detection in an outdoor construction environment, a comparative analysis of three generative and discriminative machine learning algorithms, namely, multilayer perceptron (MLP), radial basis function (RBF), and support vector machines (SVMs), is conducted. The main focus of this study is on three classes of building materials: concrete, plywood, and brick.
For training purposes a large-size data set including hundreds of images is collected. The comparison study is conducted by implementing necessary algorithms in MATLAB and testing over hundreds of construction-site images. To evaluate the performance of each technique, the results are compared with a manual classification of building materials. In order to better assess the performance of each technique, experiments are conducted by taking pictures under various realistic jobsite conditions, e.g., different ranges of image resolutions, different distance of camera from object, and different types of cameras.
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Gong, Wei. "Heat storage of PCM inside a transparent building brick : Experimental study and LBM simulation on GPU." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ISAL0063/document.
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A présent, les bâtiments résidentiels et commerciaux sont en phase de devenir le secteur le plus consommateur d’énergie dans de nombreux pays, comme par exemple en France. Diverses recherches ont été menées de manière à réduire la consommation énergétiques des bâtiments et augmenter leur confort thermique. Parmi tous les différentes approches, la technologie du stockage de chaleur latent se distingue par une très bonne capacité à stocker la chaleur afin de réduire les écarts entre la disponibilité et la demande d’énergie. Dans le cadre de l’un de nos projets, nous avons l’intention d’intégrer au design des murs des bâtiments un type de brique transparente remplie de matériaux à changement de phase (MCP). Les MCP à l’intérieur de la brique sont soumis à des changements de phase liquide-solide. Cette thèse s’attaque à la problématique du processus de fusion au sein de la brique. Au cours de cette thèse, une méthode expérimentale non-intrusive a été développée afin d’améliorer les techniques expérimentales existantes. La vélocimétrie des images des particules (VIP) et la fluorescence induite par laser (FIL) ont été couplées pour étudier la convection naturelle et la distribution de la température. Puisqu’aucun thermocouple n’a été inséré au sein de la brique, le processus de la fusion a été considéré sans perturbation. Les résultats montrent que cette conception expérimentale a un avenir prometteur, même si elle reste à améliorer. Par la suite, nous présentons deux simulations numériques. Ces simulations se fondent sur la méthode de Boltzmann sur réseau à temps de relaxation multiple (LBM MRT), employée pour résoudre le champ de vitesse, et sur la méthode de différences finies, pour obtenir la distribution de la température. La méthode d’enthalpie a quant à elle été utilisée pour simuler le changement de phase. Les simulations en deux dimensions et trois dimensions ont toutes deux été réalisées avec succès. Point important, ces simulations numériques ont été développées en langage C pour tourner spécifiquement sur un processeur graphique (GPU), afin d’augmenter l’efficacité de la simulation en profitant de la capacité de calcul d’un GPU. Les résultats des simulations concordent bien avec les résultats de nos expériences et avec les résultats analytiques publiésThe domestic and commercial buildings are currently becoming the major sector that consumes the biggest share of the energy in many countries, for example in France. Various researches have been carried out in order to reduce the energy consumption and increase the thermal comfort of builds. Among all the possible approaches, the latent heat storage technology distinguishes itself because of its excellent heat storage ability which can be used to efficiently reduce the discrepancy between the energy consumption and supply. In one of our project, we intend to integrate a type of transparent brick filled with phase change material (PCM) into the buildings' wall design. The PCM inside the brick undergoes the solid-liquid phase change. This dissertation addresses the important issues of the melting process inside the brick. In this dissertation, a non-intrusive experimental method was proposed to improve the existing experiment technique. The particle image velocimetry (PIV) and the laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) were coupled to investigate the natural convection and the temperature distribution. Because there was no thermocouple installed inside the brick, the melting process was thus considered to be less impacted. The results showed that this experimental design has a promising future, yet still needs to be improved. Two sets of efficient numerical simulations were also presented in this dissertation. The simulations were based on the thermal lattice Boltzmann method (TLBM), where the natural convection got solved by the LBM and the temperature equation was solved by the finite difference scheme. The enthalpy method was employed to simulate the phase change. Both the 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional configurations were successfully simulated. Moreover, the simulation programs were specifically developed - using the C language - to be run on the graphic processing unit (GPU), in order to increase the simulation efficiency. The simulation results demonstrated a good agreement with our experimental results and the published analytical results
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Flament, Cédric. "Valorisation des fines de lavage de granulats : application à la construction en terre crue." Thesis, Artois, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ARTO0202/document.
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Les fines de lavage de carrières sont à l’heure actuelle peu valorisées. Pourtant, leurs caractéristiques physiques font de ces fines une matière première intéressante pour le domaine de la construction. L’objectif de cette thèse est de développer la formulation de produits préfabriqués non porteurs à base de fines de lavage, en considérant ces fines comme de la terre crue. Deux catégories de produits préfabriqués sont visées : un produit dit « lourd » (brique de terre comprimée) et un produit « léger » (carreau). Pour la valorisation en BTC, une étude de compacité par essai Proctor a permis de cibler la teneur en eau de fabrication et la masse volumique sèche à obtenir. Les performances mécaniques des briques ont été améliorées par surcompactage, renforcement granulaire et traitement au liant hydraulique. L’étude de formulation du carreau a associé les fines de lavage et la chènevotte. La consistance des mélanges à l’état frais a été étudiée avec le consistomètre VEBE. Les performances mécaniques en flexion et en compression des mélanges fibrés ont été mesurées. De la chaux et un superplastifiant ont été ajoutés dans la formulation pour satisfaire aux conditions de tenue mécanique. Les deux voies de valorisation ont été validées par mesures des performances physico-mécaniques sur produits fabriqués à l’échelle industrielle. La formulation optimale de BTC valorise près de 80% de fines de lavage et se classe dans la catégorie BTC 40 de la norme expérimentale XP13-901 (brique faiblement capillaire et résistante à la projection en eau). La formulation optimale de carreau se compose de 60% de fines de lavage, et répond aux exigences mécaniques des carreaux de plâtreCurrently, few re-use ways are developed with clay fines from washing units in quarries. However, these clayey fines represent interesting materials for construction domain. This research work aims to develop non-load bearing precast products and to re-use these fines without thermal treatment as for unfired clay products. Two types of precast products are wished: a “heavy” product (compressed earth brick) and a “light” product (tile hemp-clay).For the CEB re-use way, the level of compaction has to be high. Proctor tests have been done to define the moisture content and dry density to obtain. Mechanical performances of bricks have been increased by overcompaction, granular reinforcement and lime treatment.For the tile re-use way, mixes with quarry fines and hemp have been studied. The behaviour of fresh material has been studied with VEBE consistometer. Flexural and compression strengths have been measured on hardened mixes. Lime and water-reducing agent have been necessary for a good mechanical behaviour.The two re-use ways have been validated by measuring mechanical and physical performances of products manufactured at industrial scale. The optimal mix for CEB includes almost 80% of quarry fines. The CEB is classed in BTC40 category according to experimental standard XP13-901 (brick with a low water absorption level and resistant to water spray). The optimal mix for tile includes 60% of quarry fines and satisfies mechanical requirements for gypsum blocks
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Bories, Cécile. "Etude des caractéristiques d'un porogène d'origine biosourcée et mécanismes mis en oeuvre pour l'obtention d'une brique de construction micro-poreuse à haute performance thermique et mécanique." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015INPT0015/document.
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L’objectif de ces travaux consiste à développer de nouvelles briques de terre cuite à base d’agents porogènes biosourcés dans le but d’obtenir des matériaux à haute performance thermique. Les matières premières, argile et biomasse, ont d’abord été caractérisées de manière individuelle. L’utilisation de co-produits agricoles (paille de blé, tourteau de tournesol et farine de noyaux d’olive) en tant qu’agents porogènes pour l’obtention de briques de terre cuite porosées a ensuite été étudiée. L’intérêt d’ajouter des éléments biosourcés entraînant une augmentation de la porosité, une augmentation de la résistance thermique malgré une diminution des propriétés mécaniques a alors été démontré. Toutefois, des problèmes de plasticité causant des soucis de mise en forme au niveau des échantillons ont été identifiés. Après avoir optimisé le taux de sable, l’impact de la granulométrie des matières végétales ainsi que leur taux d’incorporation ont été évalués. Une porosité maximale de 34,4 %, constituée de macropores, a été obtenue dans les conditions expérimentales optimales conduisant à une conductivité thermique de 0,45 W/m.K, soit une diminution de 15 % par rapport à un échantillon de référence sans matière végétale. Afin de continuer à améliorer les propriétés du matériau argileux obtenu, il a ensuite été envisagé de créer une microporosité en modifiant chimiquement les matières végétales qui seraient ensuite dégradées lors de la cuisson. Pour cela, les matières végétales ont été modifiées soit par imprégnation directe de carbonates soit par greffage de nouvelles fonctions carbonates ou esters. Les matières ainsi modifiées ont ensuite été incorporées dans les formulation de terre cuite et les propriétés des matériaux obtenus ont été mesurées (physiques, mécanique et thermique). Enfin, l’impact environnemental potentiel des échantillons contenant des additifs modifiés a été étudié à travers une Analyse de Cycle de Vie. Les différents scénarios, simples (avec un seul agent porogène) ou combinés (avec un agent végétal et un agent de synthèse) ont été comparés avec la méthode ReCiPe. Les étapes présentant les impacts les plus importants ont été mises en exergue. Il a également été démontré que le choix de l’unité fonctionnelle pouvait modifier radicalement les conclusions de l’étudeThe objective of this work is to develop new clay bricks with biobased pore-forming agents in order to obtain materials with high thermal performance. The raw materials, clay and biomass, were first characterized individually. The use of agricultural by-products (wheat straw, sunflower seed cake and olive stone flour) as pore-forming agents for the production of porous clay bricks was then studied. The benefits of the addition of biobased components that increase the porosity and the thermal resistance was demonstrated even if it results in a decrease of mechanical properties. However, problems of plasticity causing trouble during the extrusion of samples were identified. After optimizing the sand rate, the impact of the particle size of the biomass and the rate of incorporation were assessed. A maximum porosity of 34.4%, made up of macropores was obtained under optimal experimental conditions, leading to a thermal conductivity of 0.45 W/m.K, representing a decrease of 15 % compared to the reference brick without additive. In order to improve the properties of the resulting material, it was considered to create microporosity, thanks to the chemical modification of the vegetable materials that will be degraded during the firing process. For this, the agricultural by-products were modified either by direct impregnation of carbonates or by grafting of new chemical moieties (carbonate or ester). These modified matters were then incorporated into the clay formulation and the properties of the obtained bricks were measured (physical, mechanical and thermal ones). Finally, the potential environmental impact of the modified samples containing additives was studied through a Life Cycle Assessment. Different scenarios, simple (with one pore-forming agent) or combined (with a crude vegetable agent and a synthesized one) were compared with the ReCiPe method. The steps from the process with the most significant impacts were highlighted. It was also shown that the choice of the functional unit could radically alter the conclusions of the study
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Grygar, Zdeněk. "Stavební průzkum a diagnostika konstrukce." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-392008.
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The main goal of this diploma thesis is diagnostics and vocational training in assessment of existing structure of the center of leisure time for children. The teoretical part is focused on vocational training in assessment of existing structures by ČSN ISO 13 822 - Bases for design of structures - Assessment of existing structures and assesment of brick structures. The designing strength of masonry and mortar is defined in the end of theoretical part. The practical part continues with real construction, where diagnostic methods based on technical survey are applied and in the end describes present state of real construction with plan for required steps to secure safety. As a result of this thesis is also a demonstration static report.
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Novotný, David. "Stavební průzkum, diagnostika a návrh rekonstrukce objektu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-227624.
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The subject of this thesis is the diagnostic investigation of block A in the object at Rumiště 8, Brno. The work includes theoretical knowledge of technical surveys and diagnostic methods and their evaluation to identify the essential characteristics of masonry and timber structures. In the practical part is the diagnostic investigation processed. Part of the diagnostic investigation is the determination of material characteristics of the structure. At the end of the thesis is an assessment of the structure.
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Hanuš, Jakub. "Stavebně technologický projekt polyfunkčního domu v České Skalici." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-227000.
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This master´s thesis discusses the construction technological project of the newly built multifunctional building in the Česká Skalice focusing on the selected technological phases. Speciffically it is the implementation of the earthworks and the bricklaying using the TRESK brick system. For these technological steps are processed all documents that is necessary for their implementation. There are detailed elaboration of the timescales and financial plans for construction of the main building structure in this project.
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Girard, Laura. "L'architecture en briques en Midi toulousain (1910-1947) : les architectes face au renouvellement technique et culturel." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU20032.
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Le XXe siècle est un siècle de mutations, à la fois dans la conception des espaces et dans la novation technique. Les matériaux et les procédés de mise en œuvre se développent, issus de recherches scientifiques et d’applications industrielles. Il se joue alors une transformation matérielle et culturelle de la société par l’architecture, où la novation technique cohabite avec les méthodes de construction traditionnelle, où les nouvelles constructions dialoguent avec les édifices du passé. Comment un matériau ancestral, donné par le site, appartenant à l’histoire du lieu, est-il réinvesti dans la conception architecturale nouvelle, dans un contexte culturel, économique et industriel spécifique ? Appliqué au Midi toulousain, comment la brique de terre cuite a-t-elle perduré et a-t-elle été réinvestie dans des projets contemporains durant le XXe siècle ? La thèse de doctorat en architecture se propose de répondre à cette problématique au travers de la novation de la brique de terre cuite en Midi toulousain, dans l’entre-deux-guerres élargi, 1910-1947. Cette période présente des contextes ambivalents voire duels : une production entre industrielle, semi-industrielle et artisanale, un contexte culturel entre aspirations modernes, et nouvelles, et régionalisme, et repli sur soi, et un contexte architectural qui oscille aussi entre nouveaux matériaux, avec l’usage croissant du ciment armé, et matériaux rustiques et bruts hérités de la tradition. La question de recherche que la thèse entend développer est la suivante : dans le Midi toulousain, où la brique est couramment employée depuis l’Antiquité, comment s’exprime, dans l’entre-deux-guerres, les valeurs de modernité et de nouveauté dans les projets des architectes ?The 20th century was a century of change, both in terms of spatial design and in terms of technical innovation. Materials and their utilization processes for evolved through scientific research and industrial application. Overall, a material and cultural transformation was taking place, with technical innovation coexisting with traditional construction methods, and with new constructions in constant dialogue with buildings from the past. Following these observations, a number of questions emerges: How is an ancestral material, given by the site and belonging to the history of the place, reinvested in the new architectural design; more so, in a particular cultural, economic and industrial context? Looking at the context of the Midi Toulousain, how did the terracotta brick persist and get reinvested in contemporary projects during the 20th century? This doctoral thesis in Architecture attempts to respond to these questions through an exploration of the innovation around the terracotta brick in the Midi Toulousain, in the enlarged interwar period between 1910 and1947 – r a period of several contradictions: : a production situated between industrial, semi-industrial and craftsmanship; a cultural context situated between modern aspirations, , and regional, inwards with drawl; , an architectural context that oscillates between new materials, with the increasing use of reinforced cement, and rustic,raw materials inherited from tradition. The research question of the thesis is as follows: in the Midi Toulousain, where the terracotta brick has been widely used since the Antiquity, how is modernity and novelty expressed in architectural projects of the architects in the interwar period?
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Lepš, Jiří. "Energeticky úsporný dům." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-240456.
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The subject of the diploma theses is a energy-saving house. The building is designed in the Náchod cadastral, U Vodojemu street. The building is designed for the permanent housing. There is an 11 residential units. The building is designed of brick construction system ceramic blocks Porotherm. Ceiling structure is made of Porotherm Ceiling. The building is coverd with flat roof.
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Hanisch, Tomáš. "Domov pro seniory." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-371902.
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The subject of my diploma thesis is the design of a new home for the elderly and the elaboration of the implementation project documentation. The intention is to build a house for the permanent housing of older persons, with the possibility of using care services. The building consists of 16 residential dwellings and 6 housing units with nursing services. Maximum occupancy is 32 guests. The home for the elderly also offers facilities for boarding, medical service, hairdressing and rehabilitation. The object is designed for barrier-free use. The object is set in a flat terrain on the selected land. The building has 4 above-ground floors and one underground. The building is designed as a brick made of lime sand blocks. The vertical perimeter structures are provided with a contact insulation system. The horizontal bearing structures are designed as monolithic reinforced concrete slabs. The roof structure of the building consists of a mansard roof structure. The drawing documentation was processed in a computer program AutoCAD.
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Cincala, George Michael. "Coursework: Constructing a Building from a Brick." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34995.
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This thesis explores the design of a T-shaped brick and its influence throughout the course of the project. The T-brick established a significant direction towards weaving masonry and my firsthand recognition of the utmost importance of poetic construction for an architect. This thesis helps to affirm that construction is vital for architecture to be autonomous.
Programmatic requirements, technology, social change, new inventions, etc., distract from the potential of architecture. We must first concern ourselves with how a building is to be made and trust that those things outside of architecture will only be right when a building is ready to accept them, not vice versa. But, that is not to say a building should not serve human needs well. Rather, serving needs well is but a bare minimum of good architecture.Master of Architecture
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Šimánková, Markéta. "Polyfunkční dům." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-227241.
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The topic of the master's thesis is the design new multi-functional building. The aim is to develop detailed documentation for construction. The work includes studies, drawings, text and part of the calculation. The building is located in undeveloped land in sloping terrain. It is detached building with four floor above the ground and one underground floor. The building has commercial premises and eleven flats, one of which is accessible flat. There are also seven separate garages on the underground floor. The basisc are made from contrete strips. The house is made by a brick technology of a ceramic blocks. The external walls are insulated with certified contact thermal insulation system. The building is roofed with warm flat roof.
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Schreiber, Jiří. "Bytový dům v Trutnově - stavebně technologický projekt." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-372163.
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In my master´s thesis I am talking about solution of building a top rough construction technology in a block of flats. The content of my thesis are mainly worked out technical regulations concerning monolithic ceiling constructions and vertical load bearing constructions. Regarding the phase of the top rough construction, also there are a proposition of a building site organization, a technical report about the building site organization, a technical report about a building-technological project, solution of construction orgaization, a timetable, an item budget and a proposition of machine compositions.
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Vítková, Barbora. "Stavební průzkum a diagnostika objektu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226968.
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The subject of this diploma thesis is the diagnostic survey of the masonry walls and the connecting bridge in the East Moat of Špilberk Castle. The thesis contains theoretical information about survey and diagnostics of building construction and then evaluation of diagnostic methods used for estimation of essential characteristics of masonry structures. In the practical part the diagnostic investigation of Špilberk Castle walls is processed. That includes determination of material characteristics of the studied structure. In the conclusion there is a suggestion of how to eliminate the structural defects found during the survey.
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Komárková, Jana. "Požární stanice typu P3 v Hlučíně." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-372272.
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The subject of the diploma thesis is a new building of the P3 fire station in Hlučín. The facility will be used to perform the fire protection service of the population of the district fire brigade and municipal volunteer fire fighters. The fire station is designed as an isolated structure of rectangular shape, which is divided into three parts, and it is operationally and structurally interconnected. First part is partly underground two-storey administrative. The second part of the building is an exit garage and the third part forms of the technical background of the fire station. The object is designed as classic brick technology from Porotherm ceramic blocks on reinforced concrete base strips. The roof of part of fire and garage facilities is saddle, the roof of the technical background is flat.
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Kojan, Lukáš. "Psychiatrická nemocnice." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-265422.
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The aim of master´s thesis is a design of newly medical facility – psychiatric hospital for long – term mentally ill persons. This work aims to develop project documentation for building construction. The object is on almost flat terrain on the selected piece of land in a quiet part of city Czech Budweis. The house has two above ground and is partial basement. The object is designed in a technology of Heluz system. The construction of the roof consists warm flat roof. Tha main entrance is oriented to the east. The project documentation which is needed for a realization of a new psychiatric hospital in worked up with six structural details including. Drawing part processed in a computer program AutoCad.
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Youssef, Nicolas. "Mise en place d’une brique géopolymère pour la construction durable : études géotechnique, environnementale et économique." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ECLI0005.
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Après la crise économique en 2008, l’activité de construction en France a connu une croissance très rapide. La hausse de la demande des matériaux de construction était accompagnée d’une augmentation des quantités de déchets de construction et de CO2 émise. En 2018, l’émission de CO2 liée aux activités humaines a atteint un niveau historique mondial de 37.1 milliards de tonnes. Ceci encourage le développement des matériaux de construction qui répondent aux besoins mutants de la société d’aujourd’hui et de demain. Les géopolymères, préparés par activation alcaline, présentent une opportunité pour produire des nouveaux matériaux plus performants et respectueux de l’environnement dans le secteur de la construction. D’autre part, l’industrialisation et la robotisation font apparition dans le secteur de la construction, avec des nombreux avantages tels que l’augmentation de la productivité, la réduction des gaspillages, du coût et de la pénibilité du travail, ainsi que l’amélioration de la qualité et la sécurité.Ce travail de recherche est mené pour répondre à ces défis et verrous scientifiques. Il est réparti selon trois axes : l’élaboration de nouvelles formulations de briques géopolymères, l’intégration des matériaux géopolymères dans le processus d’industrialisation et de robotisation de la construction, et enfin l’évaluation de l’impact environnemental et économique du nouveau système de fabrication automatiséAfter the economic crisis in 2008, construction activity in France grew rapidly. The increase in demand for building materials was accompanied by an increase in the quantities of construction waste and emitted CO2. In 2018, CO2 emissions from human activities reached a world historic level of 37.1 billion tons. This encourages the development of building materials that meet the changing needs of today's and tomorrow's society. Geopolymers, prepared by alkaline activation, present an opportunity to produce new, more efficient and environment-friendly materials in the construction sector. On the other hand, industrialization and robotization are emerging in the construction sector, with many benefits such as increased productivity, reduced waste, cost and arduous work, as well as improved quality and safety.This doctoral thesis is being conducted to address these scientific challenges and issues. These are divided into three research directions: the development of new geopolymer brick formulations, the integration of geopolymer materials into the industrialization and robotization of construction processes, and finally the environmental and economic assessment of the new automated manufacturing system
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Antoňů, Vlasta. "Ubytovna pro studenty." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-227518.
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The aim of this thesis is to develop design documents for building construction. This project deals with a new building of student hostel in Ostrava – distrikt Zábřeh nad Odrou. The new building is designed to accommodate students for year - round occupancy. There is a dining room use for staying students in the building, and students from nearby schools as well. They is also a gym, table tennis room, and multimedia classrooms available for students. House is situated on flat land. This bulding has four floors and one underground floor. The building is made of ceramics brigs blocks systém called Porotherm, underground brickwork from concrete breeze blocks, ceiling is made of pre-tensioned panel Spiroll and the type of the roof is warm flat roof.
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Bílková, Šárka. "Domov pro seniory." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-240141.
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The subject of the diploma theses is a house for the elderly. The building is designed on flat terrain in the Přerov cadastral, Dvořákova street. The building is designed for the permanent housing of the elderly, with the possibility of using day care services. There is a 25 residential units. The building is divided into two parts, three flors are supposed to living and the rest two floors made operating part. On the first floor there is a medical surgery, and a café. The building is designed of brick construction system ceramic blocks Porotherm. Ceiling structure is made of Porotherm Ceiling. The whole building is covered with flat roof. Home of the Elderly is designed as barrier-free.
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Šumichrastová, Mária. "Řadová výstavba domů s vnitroblokem." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-227644.
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The subject of this thesis is the documentation of terraced houses with inner courtyard intended for housing. The object is located on the outskirts of Veverská Bítýška in the area of detached houses and apartment block. The building will be used for 32 households with the total capacity 128 people. The part of thesis was designing underground garage with capacity of 25 cars and 42 bicycles. The area of detached house is situated on a flat terrain. Houses A have two floors without the basement with garage in front of house. Every house has individual main entrance. The building is made of brick from ceramic blocks from the Heluz system with thermal insulation of the facade. Houses have a single-layer flat roof. Part B has two floors with basement where is situated garage. Entrance to this garage is from public garage. The building is made of brick from ceramic blocks from the Heluz system with thermal insulation of the facade. Underground walls are made of cast-in-place reinforced concrete. Houses have a single-layer flat roof. Public underground garage is separated from the another buildings. Main entrance to the garage is from the ramp. The building is made of cast-in-place reinforced concrete with external wall insulation system. The building has a vegetative roof which forms part of the courtyard.
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Šmídková, Michaela. "Bytový dům v Horních Loučkách." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226546.
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The topic of the thesis is the design of new residential building in Horni Loucky. The aim is to develop detailed documentation for construction. The work includes studies, drawings, text and part of the calculation. It is a detached residential building with ground plan dimensions of approximately 13.5 x 16,75 m. The building has 4 floors and a flat roof. The building is made of sand-lime bricks, ceilings are monolithic reinforced concrete. Roofing is made up of single shell flat roof. The building is located on undeveloped land in housing estates on flat terrain. Residential building contains 5 apartments, one of which is completely wheelchair and one workshop (eg hairdressing). At the building will be constructed parking area for the residents of the apartment building and premises.
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Sosnowska, Philippe. "De briques et de bois: contribution à l'histoire de l'architecture à Bruxelles :étude archéologique, technique et historique des matériaux de construction, XIII - XVIIIe siècle." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209373.
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Cette enquête archéologique et historique vise à mettre en relief les rapports entre matériaux et immeubles au travers de l’histoire du bâti ancien bruxellois. Des trois matériaux qui marquent le bâti bruxellois, deux seront étudiés :le bois et la céramique architecturale. Un troisième volet sera consacré à l’étude des remplois, recyclages et remaniements. Dans le temps imparti à ce travail, compte tenu des impératifs méthodologiques, des contraintes factuelles, il n’était pas possible de traiter de manière approfondie et novatrice des trois types de matériau. La pierre domine symboliquement (mais certainement pas quantitativement) le paysage bruxellois :son emploi caractérise en effet la production architecturale des grands ensembles monumentaux tels que l’Aula Magna, l’hôtel de Ville de Bruxelles ou encore la collégiale Saints-Michel-et-Gudule, pour ne citer que ces exemples. D’une manière générale pour l’ancien duché de Brabant, dans sa partie couvrant l’espace belge actuel, c’est le matériau le mieux étudié dans ses aspects divers (extraction, façonnage des blocs, mise en œuvre…). La pierre sera abordée indirectement, lorsque son emploi a des implications directes dans la mise en œuvre des matériaux étudiés. Une approche de l’ensemble des matériaux lithiques ainsi qu’une réflexion sur certaines mises en œuvre et le développement de futures pistes de recherche seront en outre proposées en conclusion.
Le choix s’est porté sur le bois et la brique, car leur emploi est, de manière générale, moins bien apprécié et moins connu en région bruxelloise par rapport à la pierre. Il fallait en fonder solidement l’étude. L’objectif est donc de pallier à cette lacune en proposant une lecture nouvelle de l’habitat selon des champs d’investigations spécifiques à l’histoire de la construction. La construction de typochronologies pour les planchers, les revêtements de sol, et la brique a pour but d’apporter aux archéologues des marqueurs chronologiques fiables pour l’interprétation et la construction de l’évolution des structures rencontrées. Mais pas seulement. La mise en place de ces typochronologies va de pair avec l’élaboration d’une réflexion sur l’ensemble des chaînes opératoires de la fabrication ou du façonnage des matériaux. Cette production n’est pas uniquement matérielle mais répond à des critères environnementaux, économiques, techniques et sociétaux. Il s’agit donc de comprendre ou d’ouvrir des pistes de réflexion pour appréhender les mécanismes qui ont permis aux bâtisseurs d’utiliser à Bruxelles une large gamme de matériaux et qui par ce biais a façonné le visage urbain bruxellois. L’apport de cette recherche, bien que se focalisant pour l’essentiel sur Bruxelles, a pour objectif de renouveler l’approche des matériaux de construction en apportant une base de références solides dans leur étude pour Bruxelles mais également pour les autres villes et de dépasser ainsi les méthodes traditionnelles d’histoire des formes pour développer une relation dialectique entre matériau, forme, usage et caractérisation sociale de la ville, de son habitat et de ses populations.
Doctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Beggan, John Edward. "An accelerated test method for efflorescence in clay bricks." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.252318.
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Ren, Baiming. "Transforming alum sludge into value-added products for various reuse." Thesis, Ecole nationale des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EMAC0002.
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La forte augmentation de la population mondiale entraîne une demande croissante en eau potable. La production d'eau potable est accompagnée par la génération de résidus du traitement de l'eau dont la boue d'aluminium qui est donc largement disponible mondialement. Ce travail se concentre sur l'identification des différentes voies de valorisation des boues d'aluminium afin de les réutiliser dans le domaine de l’environnement. Deux sources de boues d'aluminium, collectées en France et en Irlande, ont été étudiées dans divers domaines d’application en fonction de leurs caractéristiques. Tout d'abord, les boues d'aluminium ont été utilisées en remplacement d’une partie de l'argile dans la fabrication des briques, en incorporant différents pourcentages de boues d'aluminium et à différentes températures. Les briques résultantes ont été caractérisées et les résultats ont montré que les briques composées de boues d'aluminium et d'argile sont conformes aux « normes européennes et irlandaises » et démontrent ainsi le potentiel pour une application industrielle des boues d'aluminium dans la fabrication de briques en terre cuite irlandaises. Dans un second temps, les boues d’aluminium ont été utilisées comme adsorbant des polluants présents dans l’agriculture. Le glyphosate est un ingrédient actif dans les pesticides utilisés massivement dans l'agriculture irlandaise et représente une problématique environnementale. La boue d’aluminium et la tourbe irlandaise ont été comparées pour l’élimination du glyphosate lors de tests en pot à l’échelle laboratoire. Les résultats ont montré que la boue d’aluminium permet d’éliminer le glyphosate à plus de 99% et réduire les niveaux de DCO. Cet aspect scientifique a permis d’être dans la sélection des adsorbants possibles pour le traitement des eaux usées agricoles en Irlande. Le co-conditionnement et la déshydratation des boues de station d’épuration avec des boues d’aluminium liquides ont également été étudiés. Pour cela, le Jar test a été effectué sur des boues issues d’une station de traitement des eaux française. Les résultats ont montré que le rapport optimal de mélange des boues est de 1:1 (boues d’épuration : boues d’aluminium). Ainsi, la quantité de polymère utilisée peut être diminuée de 14 fois par rapport aux technologies actuelles. Cette approche a permis de montrer la possible valorisation des boues d’aluminium comme un moyen durable et technique permettant ainsi l’élimination des boues localement pour une même station de traitement des eaux. Une autre voie de valorisation des boues d’aluminium comme adsorbant pour la purification des gaz a été étudiée lors d’expériences d’adsorption de H2S dans un réacteur à lit fixe dans différentes conditions expérimentales. Les données expérimentales d’adsorption du H2S ont été modélisées à l'aide de modèles empiriques basés sur la cinétique des processus d'adsorption. Les résultats ont montré que les boues d'aluminium sont un adsorbant efficace pour l'élimination du H2S (capacité de 374,2 mg H2S / g solide) et que des mécanismes mis en jeu sont l'adsorption dissociative et l'oxydation. Les coefficients de transfert de masse globaux ont également été calculés et pouvant ainsi être utilisés pour la prédiction. Enfin, les gâteaux de boues d'aluminium ont été réutilisés pour la purification simultanée d’H2S et le traitement des eaux usées. Les résultats ont montré la capacité de cet adsorbant pour éliminer tout le H2S présent avec une grande efficacité d’élimination de la DCO, TN et TP. Ainsi, il a été démontré la valorisation des boues d’aluminium en tant qu’adsorbant pour une purification du H2S simultanée avec le traitement des eaux uséesThe production of drinking water always accompanied by the generation of water treatment residues (WTRs). Alum sludge is one of the WTRs, it is an easily, locally and largely available by-product worldwide. This work focuses on the identification of different ways to valorize the alum sludge for environmentally friendly reuse. Two alum sludges collected from France and Ireland have been reused in various fields as a function of their characteristics. Firstly, alum sludge was used as a partial replacement for clay in brick making, by incorporating different percentages of alum sludge and calcined at different temperatures (range from 800 to 1200 °C). The resultant bricks were tested for compression, Loss on Ignition, water absorption, appearance, etc. Results show that alum sludge-clay bricks have met the “European and Irish Standards” and demonstrated the huge industrial application potential for alum sludge in Irish clay brick manufacturing. Glyphosate is an active ingredient in pesticide which is massive employed in agriculture. Alum sludge and Irish peat were compared for glyphosate removal in pot tests, results show that alum sludge present significant glyphosate removal capacity (>99 %) and could reduce the level of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). It provided a scientific clue for sorbents selection when considering the agricultural wastewater treatment in Ireland and to maximize their value in practice. The co-conditioning and dewatering of sewerage sludge with liquid alum sludge was also investigated in Jar-test based on the case analysis of a water industry in France. Results show that the optimal sludge mix ratio is 1:1, the use of the alum sludge has been shown to beneficially enhance the dewaterability of the resultant mixed sludge, and highlighting a huge polymer saving (14 times less than the current technologies) and provided a sustainable and technical sludge disposal route for the local water industry. The use of alum sludge as a sorbent for gas purification was studied by H2S adsorption experiments in a fixed-bed reactor with various operating parameters. The experimental breakthrough data were modeled with empirical models based on adsorption kinetics. Results show that alum sludge is an efficient sorbent for H2S removal (capacity of 374.2 mg/g) and the mechanisms including dissociative adsorption and oxidation were proposed. Moreover, the overall mass transfer coefficients were calculated which could be used for the process scaling up. Finally, alum sludge cakes were reused in the novel aerated alum sludge constructed wetland (CW), which were designed for simultaneous H2S purification and wastewater treatment. Results show that H2S was completely removed in the six months’ trials, while the high removal efficiencies of COD, total nitrogen (TN), total phosphates (TP) were achieved. Thus, a novel eco-friendly CW for simultaneous H2S purification and wastewater treatment was developed. In the different approaches and process considered, in particular it was put in investigating and describing the mechanisms involved. Overall, this work demonstrated alum sludge could be a promising by- product for various novel beneficial reuse rather than landfilling and provided a “Circular Economy” approach for WTRs management
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Perlich, Barbara. "Mittelalterlicher Backsteinbau : zur Frage nach der Herkunft der Backsteintechnik /." Petersberg : Imhof, 2007. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy0712/2007423283.html.
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Fiala, Pavel. "Polyfunkční dům." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-227771.
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Subject matterś thesis is elaborate a project documentation for structural permission for a multi-functional building. Object is situated on the outskirts of town Třebíč. The property is slightly sloped to the south side. The basisc are made from contrete strips. The grand plan of the house consists from rectangles. The house is made by a brick technology of a ceramic blocks. The building is roofed with mono-pitched roofs.
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Ingr, Jakub. "Mateřská školka." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-410011.
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The aim of the diploma thesis is to elaborate the project documentation of kinderschule in the city Bucovice. The house is as a detached house in a newly-built area. The object is double-storeyed and without basement. It has rectangular size and is covered with a flat one coat roof. On the first floor there is one nursery department for eighteen children and technical facilities, on the second floor there is also one nursery department for eighteen children, a multipurpose hall and the head office. The house is build from brick with a contact thermal insulation system. Part of the project documentation is also a basic assessment of the building in terms of building physics.
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Kročová, Romana. "Bytový dům v Uherském Hradišti." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226769.
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The topic of the thesis is the design of new residential building in Uherské Hradiště. The aim is to develop detailed documentation for construction. The work includes studies, drawings, text and part of the calculation. It is a detached residential building with ground plan dimensions of approximately 16,5 x 26,5m. The building has 4 floors and a flat roof. The building is made of ceramic bricks, ceilings are monolithic reinforced concrete. Roofing is made up of single shell flat roof. The building is located on undeveloped land in housing estates on flat terrain. Residential building contains 16 apartments. Part of the 1st floor is also 6 separate garage.
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Ondráčková, Andrea. "Bytový dům." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-265637.
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This diploma thesis describes of design a new residential building situated in Brno - Bystrc. It is a four storey building with a basement. House is designed from brick system and his roof is designed as single-flat roof. The roof above third floor is split in two parts where the first part is made as terrace and the second part is a vegetative green roof. The building is divided into two working parts. First part is used for housing. It consists of 40 housing units. . The last part of it is public garage. It is intended for users of residential units. The documentation of this project is elaborated with regard to contemporary Czech legislation and standards.
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Dudáš, Peter. "Horský penzion s restaurací." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-392103.
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The title of my diploma thesis is Mountain Pension with Restaurant and is written in English. My task was to create a mountain guesthouse that would serve as a background for other cottages in the neighborhood. I designed a wellness center as well as a restaurant and accomodation in the building. It is a two-storey with basement. The ground floor is reserved for the restaurant, the basement for wellness and the attic is designed for temporary accomodation. From a technical point of view, the construction system consists of a brick walls and monolithic ceilings. The main vertical supporting elements are ceramic walls and the main horizontal elements are one-way reinforced slabs which are reinforced using reinforced concrete core. The roof is made of wooden trusses.
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Charlier, Fabrice. "Technologie des tuiliers gallo-romains (Gaules et Germanies) : analyse comparative et régressive des structures de production des matériaux de construction en terre cuite de l'époque contemporaine à l'Antiquité." Thesis, Besançon, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BESA1006.
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Cette recherche porte sur les techniques de production des matériaux de construction en terre cuiteà l’époque romaine dans les provinces de Gaule et de Germanie. Ces techniques ne nous sontaccessibles directement que par l’archéologie, à la fois par les vestiges mobiliers : les matériauxfabriqués eux-mêmes, et par les vestiges immobiliers : les tuileries qui sont régulièrement mises aujour. Seules les structures de production sont examinées, mais il est souvent fait référence auxmatériaux. L’étude est menée selon deux lignes directrices, l’une horizontale : la chaîne opératoire, l’autreverticale : le temps, du présent vers le passé. Les structures de production sont traitées selon l’ordrede la chaîne opératoire : l’extraction, la préparation de la terre, le façonnage, le séchage et lacuisson. À l’intérieur de chacune de ces cinq phases sont étudiées successivement des structuresd’époque contemporaine (ateliers artisanaux), moderne, médiévale et enfin gallo-romaine. Cettedémarche régressive permet de mettre en évidence les continuités et les ruptures dans lestechniques mises en oeuvre et ainsi de mieux caractériser et comprendre la plus ancienne d’entreelles, celle des tuiliers gallo-romains. Le fonctionnement des structures de production les plusrécentes éclaire celui des structures romaines. Des comparaisons ponctuelles ne sont utilisées quepour tenter d’expliquer certaines caractéristiques originales des structures gallo-romaines. Lesrésultats les plus novateurs ont été obtenus dans l’étude des structures employées dans les phasesde façonnage, de séchage et de cuissonThis research concerns the techniques of tile and brick-making in Roman time in the provinces ofGaul and Germania. We have only access to these techniques through archaeology. First, there arethe movable vestiges: the objects (tiles and bricks), then there are the real estate vestiges: the tilemakingsites which are regularly uncovered. Only the structures of production are examined here,but it is often made reference to materials. The study is led according to two guidelines. One is horizontal: the “chaîne opératoire”, the other is vertical: Time, from present to past. The structures of production are treated according to the orderof the making process: quarrying, preparing clay, shaping, drying, and firing. Inside each of thesefive phases are successively studied structures of contemporary time (craft production), modern,medieval and finally Gallo-Roman. This regressive approach allows us to bring to light thecontinuities and the breaks in the techniques used and thus, to better characterize and understandthe most ancient of them, the Gallo-Roman tile-makers one. The functioning of the most recentstructures of production sheds light on that of the Roman ones. Punctual comparisons are only usedto try and explain some original characteristics of the Gallo-Roman structures. The most innovativeresults were obtained in the study of the structures used in the phases of shaping, drying and firing
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Štolfa, Marek. "Bytový dům s občanskou vybaveností." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226171.
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Thesis "Apartment building with amenities" is developed in the form of project documentation containing all requirements according to applicable regulations. The proposed facility is located in Brno, in Stránice district. It is a four story building with flat roof and no basement. On the ground floor there are medical center, technical facilities and clubrooms. Housing units are proposed in the second to the fourth floor.
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Hasoň, Václav. "Objekt občanské vybavenosti." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-409999.
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The diploma thesis elaborates on the design of a new building of freestanding retirement home in the town of Litomyšl. The design of the retirement home is in the form of project documentation for the construction. The new building includes a partial basement and three floors. The main purpose is to build a building for housing with flats for seniors and to provide health care to seniors living here and from the surrounding area. On the 1st floor, there is an administrative part, a doctor's office with the possibility of rehabilitation and a dining room with facilities for food preparation, which is imported into the home. The dining room serves both the guests and the public. The remaining part of the first floor consists of social, administrative and utility rooms. On the 2nd and 3rd floors, there are individual apartments for clients with a common room for visits and spending their free time. On the 1st floor, there is a maintenance center, boiler room, server room, furniture store, and estate depository. Basement walls are monolithic, made of reinforced concrete. The construction system of the above-ground floors is wall-mounted, bidirectional and made of ground brick blocks. The ceilings and staircases are monolithic, made of reinforced concrete. External walls are insulated with a contact thermal insulation systems. The building is mainly based on footings or foot anchors. The retirement home is located on the edge of the town near the Litomyšl Hospital. The land is suitable for construction, as it is located in the area for the construction of civil buildings.
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Šimkovičová, Ludmila. "Vinařský penzion." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-391981.
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The aim of this diploma's thesis is to develop design documents for a building construction of a winery guesthouse in a cadastral territory of a village Milotice u Kyjova. The house is situated in the existing built-up area intended for winery cellars near of the village. Plots, where building is situated are sloping and object is embedded into the terrain. The proposition and the design of the building respect a commune plan of village Milotice. The project designs the new basement building of the winery guesthouse with 2 above ground floors, where are situated hotel rooms with a total capacity of 63 guests and accommodation facilities. In the basement is situated restaurant with facilities, social space, wellness with a whirlpool, massages, sauna and solarium. A structural system of the building is designed like a wall and brick structural system from concrete brickwork in the basement and the lime sand brickworks in the above ground floors. A roof is designed partly as a saddle roof with slope 22° and 24,3° and partly as a green roof with a roof terrace.
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Kerberová, Lenka. "Mateřská škola v Tišnově." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-225758.
Full textAbstract:
The new building Nursery school is situated in Tisnov. Under the two storey building partialy runs basement. On the ground floor is located two departments nursery school with economic part. On the second floor is the classrooms and socialrooms. In the basement are mainly storerooms and utility rooms. The building is made of ceramic bricks and insulation contact system. The first storey is partly roofed with a flat roof and the second storey is sloped roof roofed. The building is constructed on footing foundations.
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Laborel-Preneron, Aurélie. "Formulation and characterization of unfired clay bricks with plant aggregates." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30140.
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La construction est l'un des secteurs de l'industrie les plus polluants. C'est la raison pour laquelle développer l'usage de matériaux de construction durables est un intérêt majeur. La terre crue est de plus en plus étudiée en tant que matériau de construction pour son faible impact environnemental, son abondance ou ses capacités à réguler l'humidité intérieure, améliorant ainsi le confort de l'occupant. Pour optimiser certaines de ses performances, des fibres ou granulats végétaux sont incorporés à la terre depuis des millénaires. Toutefois, les études scientifiques n'ont débuté qu'il y a une trentaine d'années, laissant une marge importante de compréhension du matériau. Actuellement, l'ajout de matière végétale peut s'effectuer par le biais de la valorisation d'agroressources, qui permet par ailleurs de piéger du dioxyde de carbone au sein des briques. Cette thèse, qui s'inscrit dans le cadre du projet Bioterra financé par l'Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR), a pour objectif de contribuer au développement d'un matériau à base de terre crue et de granulats végétaux, pour une utilisation sous forme de briques. Après une caractérisation approfondie de différentes ressources végétales (paille d'orge, chènevotte et rafle de maïs), une approche comparative des propriétés d'usage et de la durabilité des matériaux composites est réalisée. Une étude sur la disponibilité des bio-ressources en France a montré que les coproduits de l'agriculture utilisés dans ce travail de recherche sont disponibles en quantités importantes, bien que leur utilisation pour l'alimentation humaine ou animale soit prioritaire. Les résultats des essais expérimentaux ont montré que les résistances mécaniques sont diminuées avec l'ajout de végétaux, mais que la ductilité est améliorée. La paille, grâce à sa forme allongée, donne toutefois de meilleurs résultats que les autres agroressources. En ce qui concerne les propriétés hygrothermiques, la conductivité thermique est améliorée et la capacité de sorption de vapeur est légèrement augmentée. Toutefois, la terre seule étant très perméable à l'eau, l'ajout de particules végétales n'a pas d'effet bénéfique sur la perméabilité apparente des composites à la vapeur d'eau. Finalement, les granulats végétaux améliorent certains critères de durabilité comme la résistance à l'impact ou l'érosion à l'eau, mais limitent la résistance à l'abrasion. Vis-à-vis de la résistance au feu, les bio-composites, bien que contenant une quantité importante de matière ligno-cellulosique, sont toujours incombustibles. Ils sont toutefois transformés avec la cuisson de la terre et la consumation des végétaux. Enfin, l'étude de la prolifération de micro-organismes a abouti à la mise en place d'une méthodologie expérimentale. L'incorporation de paille semble faciliter l'apparition de moisissures par rapport à la terre seule. Néanmoins, la prolifération apparaît uniquement dans des conditions optimales de 30°C et 93% d'humidité relative après inoculation de souche d'Aspergillus brasiliensis. L'addition de différentes ressources végétales dans une matrice de terre améliorera donc certaines propriétés d'usage mais en dégradera d'autres. La formulation du matériau composite (nature et dosage en granulats végétaux notamment) sera donc conditionnée par sa destination dans le bâtiment. Un compromis devra être trouvé entre les différentes propriétésConstruction is one of the most polluting sectors of industry, and this is why developing sustainable building materials is of world-wide interest. Earth is being increasingly studied as a building material because of its low environmental impact and its abilities to regulate indoor moisture and to improve the building occupants' comfort. Plant aggregates and fibers have been incorporated into the earth matrix for thousands of years to enhance its performance, but scientific studies began quite recently. Nowadays, the addition of renewable resources can be achieved with agricultural by-products, thus allowing carbon dioxide to be captured. As part of the Bioterra project funded by the French National Research Agency (ANR), this thesis has the objective of contributing to the development of earth-based materials containing plant aggregates that can be used in bricks. After an extensive characterization of the different plant resources, namely barley straw, hemp shiv and corn cob, a comparative study of the use and durability properties of the composite materials is made. A survey of the production and use of bio-resources in France showed good availability of the resources studied in the present research, although they are primarily used as human food and animal litter. In the experimental tests, a decrease of the mechanical strength was observed with the addition of plant aggregates. However, the ductility of the bio-composites increased. Thanks to its elongated shape, straw is the plant aggregate that gives the best results. Concerning hygrothermal properties, thermal conductivity is reduced and the vapor sorption capacity is slightly increased. Nevertheless, earth alone is very permeable. The addition of plant aggregates thus brings no benefit concerning the apparent water vapor permeability. Finally, plant aggregates improve some durability criteria, such as impact or erosion resistance, but limit abrasion resistance. With regard to fire, bio-composites are still not combustible, even if they contain a significant quantity of lignocellulosic matter. They are, however, transformed with firing, when the earth is fired and the plant material smolder. Lastly, the study on microbial growth contributed to the development of an experimental methodology. The incorporation of straw seems to facilitate mold growth in comparison with earth alone. However, proliferation appears only in the worst conditions: for material subjected to a temperature of 30°C and a relative humidity of 93%, after inoculation with Aspergillus brasiliensis strain. To summarize, the addition of different plant aggregates in an earth matrix improves some properties but deteriorates others. The formulation of a composite material (particularly the nature and the content of the plant aggregate) will thus depend on its intended use in the building. Therefore, a compromise has to be found among the different properties
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Kozůbková, Lenka. "Bytový dům ve svahu, Uherský Brod." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226179.
Full textAbstract:
This is a complex of two apartment terraced buildings with the mirror disposition in Uherský Brod. Whole object is detached and it is set into the hillside. The object has three floors and one underground floor and it is covered with a shed roof. Two entrances lead into the each apartment building. The first entrance is in the second floor and the second entrance is in the third floor. The entry to the object is from the northeastern side, from the street named Babí louka. The object has a vertical brick construction system and it has concrete floors and interior stairs. The outer walls are insulated with a mineral insulation.
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Kintingu, Simion Hosea. "Design of interlocking bricks for enhanced wall construction, flexibility, alignment accuracy and load bearing." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2009. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/2768/.
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The worldwide housing shortage has stimulated a search for appropriate, easy, fast and cost-effective new ways of wall construction. Among many technologies found to have promise is mortarless technology using dry-stack interlocking bricks/blocks. This thesis is about such mortarless walling technology and in particular: how to improve wall-construction flexibility, the effects of brick irregularities on wall alignment accuracy and wall behaviour (stiffness, strength) when subject to lateral forces. The flexibility of mortarless technology (MT) has been enhanced by the development of new bricks (centre-half bat and tee brick): the introduction of closer bricks led to the formation of two new bonds (patterns) namely Shokse and Lijuja bonds. It is now possible to construct more than half-brick-thick walls, to attach more than half-brickwide piers (buttresses) onto walls, and, using special bricks, to construct polygonal and curved walls using interlocking bricks. Three methods (theoretical modeling, physical experiments and computer simulation) were used to analyze the effects of brick imperfections on wall alignment accuracy. Theoretical analysis confirmed that brick moulders should concentrate on achieving parallel top and bottom faces rather than achieving true square-ness. Physical column assembly compared three brick-laying strategies namely: “random”, “reversing” and “replace”. The columns assembled using the “reversing” and “replace” strategies realized alignment improvement factors of 1.6 and 2.9 respectively over “random” strategy. The research also revealed that grooving, to prevent bricks making contact near their centre lines, improved column alignment by factor 2.13 and stiffness by factor 2.0, thus allowing construction of longer and higher walls without strengthening measures. In order to attain alignment accuracy in accordance with BS 5628-3:2005 in a dry-stack mortarless wall, this research recommends using full bricks with top and bottom surface irregularities not exceeding ±0.5mm for un-grooved bricks, and up-to ±0.9mm for grooved bricks. Further analysis was undertaken with respect to resource-use implications (cement, water, soil) of employing MT. Using MT will save 50% of wall construction cost and 50% cement consumption, which ultimately will reduce 40% of carbon emissions.
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Rosenthal, Sarah Louise. "Contemporary Sanctuary: constructing an addition to Chestnut Methodist Church, Newport News, Virginia." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32835.
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The project offers a design for an addition to a Methodist Church in Newport News, Virginia. The proposal includes a new sanctuary, kitchen, meeting room, and entrance.
Axonometric inquiries, detailed sections, and explorations with 3-d models document the structural configuration and the inner sanctuary walls of the addition.
In addition to the overall design, further investigations include details for seating design, lighting schemes, and flooring specifications.Master of Architecture
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Brtníčková, Jitka. "Sportovně relaxační centrum s ubytováním." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-225746.
Full textAbstract:
The new building of Sport and Relaxation Centre with the possibility of accommodation is situated on the vacant site in Blansko. Under the three storey building partialy runs basement. On the ground floor is located a restaurant with facilities, also rooms for sport and relaxation. On the second and the third floor is the centre’s accommodation with a total capacity of 38 persons. In the basement are mainly storerooms and utility rooms. The building is made of ceramic bricks. The ceiling construction is monolithic and the building has a flat roof. The building is constructed on footing foundations and strip foundations.
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Egerová, Tereza. "Bytový dům v Tišnově." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226770.
Full textAbstract:
The topic of the thesis is the design of new residential building in Tišnově. The aim is to develop detailed documentation for construction. The work includes studies, drawings, text and part of the calculation. It is a detached residential building with ground plan dimensions of approximately 13.5 x 37 m. The building has 4 floors and a flat roof. The building is made of ceramic bricks, ceilings are monolithic reinforced concrete. Roofing is made up of single shell flat roof. The building is located on undeveloped land in housing estates on flat terrain. Residential building contains 12 apartments, one of which is completely wheelchair. There are also 6 separate garages on the first floor.
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Smékalová, Kateřina. "Alternativní výstavba - hliněné rodinné domy." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-265645.
Full textAbstract:
The thesis deals with alternative construction based on natural and renewable materials. A part of the thesis is processing of legislative, technical and material possibilities. Accent is put on cost-oriented price, market price and analysis of individual construction parts of the building with the final economic evaluation of the case study.