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Journal articles on the topic 'Brick kiln'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Prommuang, Phawat, Somchai Seviset, and Songwut Egwutvongsa. "Construction Brick Production Industry in Southern Thailand: a Case Study of Kiln." Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental 18, no. 7 (2024): e08399. http://dx.doi.org/10.24857/rgsa.v18n7-183.

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Purpose: To study the kiln that affect the construction brick production industry and to provide guidelines for solving problems. Method: This is qualitative research collecting data from 17 Kiln brick production industry Owners with in-depth interview. Data is analyzed by content and thematic analysis. Results and Conclusion: (1) Physical characteristics of the furnace square brick kiln model. The structure of this kiln is made of cooked bricks into a rectangular permanent wall. There is a firewood compartment and a brick entry door on the side. Production capacity is 50,000-100,000 bricks/st

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Misra, Prakhar, Ryoichi Imasu, Sachiko Hayashida, Ardhi Adhary Arbain, Ram Avtar, and Wataru Takeuchi. "Mapping Brick Kilns to Support Environmental Impact Studies around Delhi Using Sentinel-2." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 9, no. 9 (2020): 544. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9090544.

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Cities lying in the Indo-Gangetic plains of South Asia have the world’s worst anthropogenic air pollution, which is often attributed to urban growth. Brick kilns, facilities for producing fired clay-bricks for construction are often found at peri-urban region of South Asian cities. Although brick kilns are significant air pollutant emitters, their contribution in under-represented in air pollution emission inventories due to unavailability of their distribution. This research overcomes this gap by proposing publicly available remote sensing dataset based approach for mapping brick-kiln locatio

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Alrahmani, Mosab, Issa Almesri, Jaber Almutairi, and Hosny Abou-Ziyan. "Combined Effect of Brick Surface Roughness and Lattice Setting Density on Brick Firing in Tunnel Kilns." Energies 15, no. 15 (2022): 5670. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15155670.

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This paper investigates the combined effect of the kiln or brick surface roughness and the brick lattice setting density on the fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics in tunnel kilns. The flow uniformity, pressure drop, convective heat transfer coefficient (CHTC), and pumping power are studied. A high-density setting (HDS), which comprises 768 bricks, and a low-density setting (LDS), which comprises 512 bricks, are tested for kiln boundaries and brick surface roughness levels of 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 mm. The investigation is conducted using a 3D-CFD model with the k-ω turbulence model. The s

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Rodrigues, Joao Brandao, Rebekah J. E. Sullivan, Andrew Judge, Stuart Lee Norris, and Faith A. Burden. "Quantifying poor working equid welfare in Nepalese brick kilns using a welfare assessment tool." Veterinary Record 187, no. 11 (2020): 445. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.106135.

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BackgroundAcross Asia the brick-kiln industry is expanding. In Nepal, urban dwelling has increased in recent years, raising requirement for low-cost, mass produced bricks to meet the population needs. Working equids (WEs) play a key role in non-mechanised kilns. Assessing the welfare of these equids is the starting point to addressing concerns. In line with One Welfare principles, the health and welfare of animals, people and the kiln environment are interlinked.Materials and methodsIn December 2019, 119 WEs were assessed in seven brick kilns in three districts of Nepal, using the Equid Assess

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Sadman, Hassan Labib, Rawshan Habib Md., and Hasan Ahmed Dewan. "Waste Heat of a Brick Kiln – An Opportunity of Power Generation." Journal of Alternative and Renewable Energy Sources 5, no. 1 (2019): 1–16. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2544015.

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Brick kiln contributes a significant role on social development and infrastructure of a country. The temperature in the furnace of a brick kiln is around 1000oC and around 800-850oC in the firing zone during the brick production. There is huge amount of heat waste through flue gas, kiln wall, earth and radiation during this brick production process. A conceptual module is proposed to use of waste heat of a brick kiln and produce power through steam power plant. The study shows that the rear 68%, 63% and 75% of waste heat based on the use of coal, natural gas and fire wood as fuel respectively.

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Molnár, István. "Két téglaégető kemence Somogy megyéből." Kaposvári Rippl-Rónai Múzeum Közleményei, no. 6 (2018): 231–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.26080/krrmkozl.2018.6.231.

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In my study I present two brick burning kilns found in Somogy county. In the kiln in Bódvica (dated to the turn of the 13–14th centuries), bricks made to build the medieval church of the village. The kiln excavated near Lulla was likely to used during the 18–19th centuries.

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K. Saha, M., Rowshon Ara, S. Danish Kadir, and M. G. Mostafa. "Environmental vulnerability of people to brick kiln." SPC Journal of Environmental Sciences 3, no. 1 (2021): 23–31. https://doi.org/10.14419/jes.v3i1.31609.

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The study aimed to assess the vulnerability to brick kilns hazards based on questionnaire surveys. It was conducted at 12 selected brick kiln clusters in Rajshahi and Gazipur Districts of Bangladesh. A total number of 700 respondents taking part in the survey from both the study areas. The study identified that most (75%) of the brick kilns were fixed chimney type kilns that impacted crop production, river grabbing, deforestation, solid waste generation, labors right violation, etc. The survey results illustrated that the emission of dust particles, harmful gases, and hot air cause several hea

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Ahlawat, Sumit. "Technology used in Clay Brick Making Process in India on Brick Kiln Investment and Business Feasibility and Sustainability in View of Environment Condition." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 12 (2023): 1484–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.57647.

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Abstract: Brick Kiln and Technology are seems to be vice versa of each other when we saw practically in plant visit. It is highly traditional method which consists of different mechanical process from moulding, drying, staking, firing and cooling of bricks. Every process is highly labour oriented and traditional which is used by brick kiln owner since last decade. As government of India is concerned just one technology implemented that is “High Draft Brick Kiln” which is somehow similar to old “Bull Trench Kiln” technology. It increases the efficiency of kiln but fuel used in it same as old ki

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Purakayastha, Shiladitya. "Geo-Spatial Distribution and Comparative Assessment of Brick Kiln Industry: Appraisal on Kulpi Block in Diamond Harbour Sub-Division, South 24 Parganas, West Bengal." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 9 (2021): 1028–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.38112.

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Abstract: Brick is one of the most important building materials and the demand of it is continuously rising for high increasing of population and the demand for settlement growth. Brick kilns in India are considered by traditional types of manufacturing and established as a significant industry in the unorganized sector. Percentage of female worker is more than male and in most of the cases total family be involved. Indian brick industry is the second biggest in the world after the China which provides livelihood. Among 9 Blocks of Diamond Harbour Sub-Division, Kulpi is the largest block based

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Mishra, Pratik. "Urbanisation Through Brick Kilns: The Interrelationship Between Appropriation of Nature and Labour Regimes." Urbanisation 5, no. 1 (2020): 17–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2455747120965199.

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This article follows the emergence and growth of a brick kiln cluster in Khanda village on the periphery of the Delhi’s National Capital Region agglomeration. Khanda’s landscape and ecology have been profoundly altered and shaped by brick kilns in what can be taken as a manifestation of extended urbanisation. This urbanisation is not only bound up with the urban demand for bricks but is also mediated by various situated processes that are not city-centred. The article draws attention to a number of these processes—Khanda’s history of agrarian decline as a condition of possibility for the kiln

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Imran, MA, MA Baten, BS Nahar, and N. Morshed. "Carbon dioxide emission from brickfields around Bangladesh." International Journal of Agricultural Research, Innovation and Technology 4, no. 2 (2015): 70–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijarit.v4i2.22653.

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The study was undertaken at six divisions of Bangladesh to investigate the CO2 emission from brickfields. to explore the rate of carbon emission over the last 10 years, based on existing technology for brick production. The finding reveals that there were more than 45,000 Brick kilns in Bangladesh which together account for about 95% of operating kilns including Bull's Trench Kiln, Fixed Chimney Kiln, Zigzag Kiln and Hoffman Kiln. These kilns were the most carbon emitting source but it varies on fuel type, kiln type and also for location. It has been found that, maximum carbon emission area wa

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Zavala, Miguel, Luisa T. Molina, Pablo Maiz, et al. "Black carbon, organic carbon, and co-pollutant emissions and energy efficiency from artisanal brick production in Mexico." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 18, no. 8 (2018): 6023–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-6023-2018.

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Abstract. In many parts of the developing world and economies in transition, small-scale traditional brick kilns are a notorious source of urban air pollution. Many are both energy inefficient and burn highly polluting fuels that emit significant levels of black carbon (BC), organic carbon (OC) and other atmospheric pollutants into local communities, resulting in severe health and environmental impacts. However, only a very limited number of studies are available on the emission characteristics of brick kilns; thus, there is a need to characterize their gaseous and particulate matter (PM) emis

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DeWitt, Jessica D., Peter G. Chirico, Marissa A. Alessi, and Kathleen M. Boston. "Remote Sensing Inventory and Geospatial Analysis of Brick Kilns and Clay Quarrying in Kabul, Afghanistan." Minerals 11, no. 3 (2021): 296. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11030296.

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Reconstruction and urban development in Kabul, Afghanistan, has prompted vast expansion of the clay quarrying and brick making industry. This study identified the extent and distribution of clay quarrying and brick kilns in the greater Kabul area between 1965 and 2018. Very high-resolution satellite imagery was interpreted to quantify and characterize the type, number, and location of brick kilns for 1965, 2004, 2011, and 2018. Geospatial analysis of kilns together with geologic data and the results of hyperspectral image analysis yielded information regarding the extent of relevant mineral re

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Ratanathavorn, W., S. Charoenjai, S. Janbuala, B. Chalermsinsuwan, and K. Poochinda. "Effects of Design Parameters for Clay Brick Kiln Using Computational Fluid Dynamics and Experimental Design." Advanced Materials Research 1101 (April 2015): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1101.51.

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One of the most critical steps in brick making is firing, performed to harden the bricks. In a typical non-industrial setting, many pieces of extruded clays are stacked into a box-shaped kiln with equally-spaced rectangular vertical holes and another set of equally-spaced horizontal holes at the bottom across two sides. Roman roof tiles are used to cover the vertical sides, while leaving the horizontal holes opened, to complete the kiln assembly. Rice husk is filled in the holes of the kiln and is used as the fuel for firing. However, approximately 10% of the bricks, stacked conventionally, ar

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Najar, Shabir, Wakar Zargar, Shazia Manzoor, Aadil Bashir, and Bilal Khan. "Living conditions of informal workers: A sociological study of brick kiln workers in district Budgam of Kashmir valley." Temida 24, no. 2 (2021): 217–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tem2102217n.

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In India, the brick kiln industry is a huge industry employing millions of workers belonging to both rural and urban areas. Most workers in the brick kiln industry reside near the worksites in unhygienic and shabby homes, mainly made up of raw bricks. The present research was carried out on migrant workers who work in the brick kiln industry in District Budgam of Kashmir valley. It is a qualitative study carried out with the help of a focused group discussion with the workers. The study has revealed that all the workers are from Bihar and work in the brick kiln industry for six to seven months

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16

Tusher, Tanmoy Roy, Zisan Ashraf, and Shilpi Akter. "Health effects of brick kiln operations: A study on largest brick kiln cluster in Bangladesh." South East Asia Journal of Public Health 8, no. 1 (2019): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/seajph.v8i1.42270.

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Brick manufacturing industry is considered as one of the fastest-growing industrial sectors posing serious health hazards in most South East Asian countries like Bangladesh. A major portion of brick kilns in Bangladesh are located in and around the Dhaka, one of the world’s most densely populated cities, where the health effects of these brick kilns are obvious but yet not completely known. The study was thus performed based on a structured questionnaire survey to assess the health effects of brick kiln operations on kiln workers and local inhabitants at Baghiya of Konabari union in Gazipur ne

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17

Mishra, Anjay Kumar. "Technical and Economical Assessment of Vertical Shaft Brick Kiln." Journal of Advanced Research in Civil and Environmental Engineering 08, no. 01 (2021): 10–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/2393.8307.202102.

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Infrastructure development, particularly the housing problem, is one of the serious issues in developing countries like Nepal. The development of housing complexes is related to various financial and environmental implications. One of the basic parameters involved in the infrastructure development pertinent to Kathmandu valley is the use of alternative materials to masonry unit, particularly bricks. Vertical Shaft Brick Kiln (VSBK) should be adopted and diffused in Nepal because it is high time for energy-efficient and environmentally friendly technologies. Various studies and monitoring has s

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18

Gupta, Rushali, Riya Gupta, Rayaz Jan, Bhavna Langer, Rajiv K. Gupta, and Parveen Singh. "Prevalence of respiratory morbidity among brick kiln workers: a cross sectional study from rural north India." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 7, no. 5 (2019): 1506. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20191547.

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Background: Fired clay bricks, an important construction material, are manufactured in non-mechanized, labour intensive brick kilns which mostly employ unskilled men and women. The workers, as an occupational hazard, are exposed to dust and air pollution leading to respiratory diseases.Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted among brick kiln workers in RS Pura block of Jammu district. The workers were assessed regarding respiratory symptoms and illnesses using translated version of American Thoracic Society Division of Lung Disease questionnaire (ATS-DLD-78A).Results: 692 brick kiln

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19

Tema, E. "Detailed archaeomagnetic study of a ceramic workshop at Kato Achaia: New directional data and archaeomagnetic dating in Greece." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 47, no. 3 (2016): 1279. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.10903.

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New archaeomagnetic results from two ancient kilns excavated at Kato Achaia, southern Greece, are presented. According to archaeological evidence, both kilns were part of a bigger ceramic workshop, probably used for the production of bricks or ceramics. Systematic archaeomagnetic sampling was carried out collecting 9 brick samples from the first kiln (KL3) and 12 brick samples from the second kiln (KL5). Magnetic mineralogy measurements have been carried out in order to determine the main magnetic carrier of the samples and to check their thermal stability. Standard thermal demagnetization pro

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Dr., R. Hariharan. "Socio-Economic Situations of Migrant Brick-Kilns Industrial Workers in Cuddalore District, Tamilnadu." Management Journal for Advanced Research 4, no. 1 (2024): 27–32. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10612654.

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<strong>Background:</strong> India is the second largest brick producing country after China accounting for more than 15 per cent of global production. Approximately one lakh brick kilns are operating in India which employs more than four million workers. Most of the workers are migrants who belong to economically backward and underdeveloped regions of the country and normally hail from poor economic class and are mostly illiterate. Brick industry is one of the unorganized industrial sector and migrant brick kiln workers are not benefitted with adequate wage and medical facilities. In this con

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Elhusna, Abdullah, Sofyan Saleh, and Muttaqin Hasan. "The effect of brick placement in the kiln during the burning process on clay brick properties." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1477, no. 1 (2025): 012043. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1477/1/012043.

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Abstract Burning is one of the industrial processes to produce good-quality clay bricks. The temperature and duration of brick combustion determine their properties, maturity, and durability. Brick arrangement in the kiln causes not all of them to be exposed to fire during burning. This study aims to determine the properties of varying brick placements in the kiln. The clay brick samples were made following the factory production process. Clay, sand, and water were mixed under pressure until it was plastic enough to be molded. The green bricks were then aired until dry and hard enough to be pl

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Bharadwaj S, Chittora R.K., Upreti N.C., and Chougule S. "IMPACT OF MECHANISATION ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITION OF DONKEY GUARDIANS OF DISTRICT SANGLI, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA." International Journal of Education and Social Science Research 05, no. 01 (2022): 252–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.37500/ijessr.2022.5121.

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The state of Maharashtra is the leading bricks producing state in India. The usual brick making season is from November/December to May/June. Raw bricks moulding work is done manually in the majority of brick kiln units and transport of these raw bricks from the place where they are moulded to the furnace on the back of donkeys by their owners/guardians. Donkeys and their guardians work in harsh environment of brick kiln which affect the health of animals as well as their guardians and hence suffer from serious health issues. Overloading on donkeys with raw bricks is the major factor for healt

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Koirala, Melina, Ramesh Prasad Sapkota, and Sadhana Pradhanang Kayastha. "Soil Quality Impacted by Brick Kilns in the Agriculture Fields of Kathmandu Valley." Journal of Environment Sciences 11 (July 14, 2025): 18–27. https://doi.org/10.3126/jes.v11i1.80570.

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Brick kilns are causing environmental concerns due to their potential negative impacts on soil health and heavy metal accumulation in the agricultural soils. However, there are limited studies reflecting the impacts on agricultural soils due to the operation of brick kilns in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. Therefore, this study aims to assess the impact of the kilns on soil health in Lalitpur and Bhaktapur districts of Kathmandu Valley, focusing on soil parameters pH, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, moisture content, organic carbon, and heavy metals (Pb and Zn). Standard methods were used for t

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Unterluggauer, Julian, Manuel Schieder, Stefan Gutschka, Stefan Puskas, Stefan Vogt, and Bernhard Streibl. "Numerical Investigations on the Enhancement of Convective Heat Transfer in Fast-Firing Brick Kilns." Energies 17, no. 22 (2024): 5617. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17225617.

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In order to reduce CO2 emissions in the brick manufacturing process, the effectiveness of the energy-intensive firing process needs to be improved. This can be achieved by enhancing the heat transfer in order to reduce firing times. As a result, current development of tunnel kilns is oriented toward fast firing as a long-term goal. However, a struggling building sector and complicated challenges, such as different requirements for product quality, have impeded developments in this direction. This creates potential for the further development of oven designs, such as improved airflow through th

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Sanjel, Seshananda, Sanjay N. Khanal, Ajay Risal, Steven M. Thygerson, and Sunil K. Joshi. "Psychosocial factors associated with occupation: A comparative study between brick kiln and grocery workers." International Journal of Occupational Safety and Health 6, no. 2 (2016): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijosh.v6i2.22527.

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Background: Psychosocial factors, like physical, chemical and biological factors, are also the potential hazards. But, psychological factors, such as stress, are not mentioned in every kinds of occupation. Some important psychosocial manifestations found among the workers in previous studies were headache, depression, frustration, worry, low self-esteem, boredom and lack of sleep. Objective: This study was carried out to evaluate and psychosocial factors that are associated with occupational factor between brick kiln workers and grocery workers. Methods: An analytical cross-section

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Kumar, Pragya, Alok Ranjan, Dhananjay Kumar, Sanjay Pandey, C. M. Singh, and Neeraj Agarwal. "Factors associated with Immunisation coverage in children of migrant brick kiln workers in selected districts of Bihar, India." Indian Journal of Community Health 32, no. 1 (2020): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2020.v32i01.018.

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Background: Brick kiln workers are unskilled labourers and keep migrating from one place to another leading to non/partial immunization of their children. The study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of full immunisation among the children of mother living in brick kiln and to assess the factors associated with incomplete or non-immunisation. Methods: The study was conducted using stratified cluster sampling technique in different brick kilns of four districts of Bihar. Results: Out of 332 children the prevalence of full immunization was 55.43% and partial immunization was 37.65% while 6

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Saha, Mrinal Kanti, Rakhi Rani Sarkar, Syed Jamal Ahmed, Abu Hanif Sheikh, and Md Golam Mostafa. "Impacts of brick kiln emission on agricultural soil around brick kiln areas." Nepal Journal of Environmental Science 9, no. 1 (2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njes.v9i1.34918.

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The study attempted to assess the impacts of the brick kilns emissions on the farm soil in and around the kiln areas. A total of 72 representative farm soil samples were collected from 12 selected brick kiln clusters in Rajshahi and Gazipur Districts of Bangladesh, covering two years (September 2015 to August 2017). The collected samples were analyzed using standard methods. The pH and organic matter content in the farm soil samples were found to be very low. The farm soil parameters such as pH, organic matter, and soil texture were found in critical conditions. Among all of the heavy metals,

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Figueroa, Juan, Hugo Valdes, Juan Vilches, et al. "Comparative Analysis of Gas Emissions from Ecokiln and Artisanal Brick Kiln during the Artisanal Firing of Bricks." Sustainability 16, no. 3 (2024): 1302. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16031302.

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This article focuses on the research of gas emissions in two types of brick kilns located in the Maule Region, Chile. One of them is an artisanal brick kiln known as a “chonchón” (AKC), while the other is a semi-artisanal brick kiln with an improved design. The latter is referred to as the Ecokiln. This study focuses on the assessment of the emission profiles of key pollutants such as particulate matter (PM), CO, CO2, SO2, and NOx. The emission measurements of gasses, temperature, and flow were conducted during the operation of the kilns. These measurements were carried out following the proto

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Sikder, Abdul Halim Farhad, Md Delwar Hossain Molla, Md Faruque Hossain, and Zakia Parveen. "Lead and cadmium accumulation in nearby brick kiln agri-environmental ecosystems." Bangladesh Journal of Scientific Research 28, no. 1 (2016): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsr.v28i1.26244.

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Three different brick kilns from the same parent material, young Brahmaputra and Jamuna floodplain were selected to assess the lead and cadmium accumulation. Soils and plants from four points such as 250, 500, 1000 and 1500 m away from kilns were collected based on the predicted brick kilns emission distance. Lead (92 mg kg-1 to 214 mg kg-1) was found in the elevated levels near brick kiln soils. The alarming news is that plant uptake of Pb in the nearest areas of the brick kilns were significantly higher than the areas far from the brick production location and Pb ranges from 7 to 543 mg/kg.

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Mikrani, Tanweer, Naresh Manandhar, and Sunil Kumar Joshi. "Musculoskeletal Symptoms among the Brick Kiln Workers of Kathmandu Valley." International Journal of Occupational Safety and Health 7, no. 1 (2017): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijosh.v7i1.22760.

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Background: Brick kilns may pose threat to the environment and health of the workers and people residing around them. Health problems related to brick kilns are musculoskeletal, respiratory, digestive system, nutritional and skin disorders. Objective of this study was to find out the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms (problems) among brick kiln workers of Kathmandu valley. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in the brick kilns of Kathmandu valley from February to April 2015. Two hundred (200) workers were selected randomly from the sampled brick kilns of Kathmandu Valley

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Muhammed, Montadher A. "A CASE STUDY OF TYPES OF FAILURE IN REFRACTORY BRICKS LINING CEMENT KILNS." Kufa Journal of Engineering 3, no. 1 (2014): 104–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.30572/2018/kje/311267.

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The failure of refractory bricks lining cement kilns is a costly processÂ not only due to the cost of replacing bricks but also due to the lost in production time during the replacement period. The present work aims to investigate types and causes of failure of refractory bricks in one of Kufa cement factory kilns using chemical analysis and X-Ray diffraction technique. The results showed that there are detrimental components in raw meal and cement clinker like alkalis (K2O, Na2O) and SO3 which tend to react with lining bricks at high temperatures. Cement clinker infiltrated into the hot faces

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Asif, Muhammad, Sobia Saleem, Anum Tariq, Muhammad Usman, and Rida Ahtizaz Ul Haq. "Pollutant Emissions from Brick Kilns and Their Effects on Climate Change and Agriculture." ASEAN Journal of Science and Engineering 1, no. 2 (2021): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/ajse.v1i2.38925.

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Continuous increase in population has resulted in increased demand for building material. Bricks are the major building material and are a fast-growing industrial sector in many countries such as Pakistan, China, India, and Bangladesh. Despite its integral role, it is among the top three factors that cause the emission of harmful pollutants that not only affect our climate and human health but also effecting agriculture sectors to a great extent. Brick kilns emit gases like SO2, CO, Black Carbon, CO2, NOx, PM, etc., that affect our biotic and abiotic components of the ecosystem. So, the object

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Aniyikaiye, Tolulope E., Joshua N. Edokpayi, John O. Odiyo, and Stuart J. Piketh. "Traditional Brick Making, Environmental and Socio-Economic Impacts: A Case Study of Vhembe District, South Africa." Sustainability 13, no. 19 (2021): 10659. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131910659.

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The brick making industry, despite its contribution to environmental pollution, plays a major role in the economic growth of South Africa, with the traditional technology accounting for a significant proportion of the total clay brick production. The aim of this study is to undertake a comprehensive description of the production phases of the traditional brick making sector in Vhembe district and how this contributes to air pollution. The study comprised a series of interviews and questionnaires of key role players from two small villages, Manini and Tshilungoma in the Vhembe district. In-situ

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Kumari, Mamta. "ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF ‘BRIQUETTING PLANT AND BRIQUETTES'." Journal of Wastes and Biomass Management 4, no. 1 (2022): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/jwbm.01.2022.32.40.

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Brick Kilns and crop residue firing are the two common sources of air, water, and soil pollution in rural India. Brick kilns emit huge carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), sulphur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), black carbon, particulate matter (PM) while crop residue firing resulting in heat penetration of 1 cm into the soil and temperature elevations of up to 33.8-42.2 °C which kills the bacterial and fungal populations critical for fertile soil. These substances & harmful gases contribute to the greenhouse effect and global warming. The aim of this study was to understand

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Riaz, Muhammad Hassan, Anwar Khitab, and Sajjad Ahmed. "Evaluation of sustainable clay bricks incorporating Brick Kiln Dust." Journal of Building Engineering 24 (July 2019): 100725. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2019.02.017.

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Suwal, Gajendra Bhakta. "Impact of brick kilns' emission on soil quality of agriculture fields in the vicinity of selected Bhaktapur area." Journal of Science and Engineering 5 (August 31, 2018): 34–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jsce.v5i0.22370.

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The study was conducted to evaluate the impact of brick kilns' on different physiochemical parameters of soils of agricultural field, located in the vicinity of Bhaktapur. The study was carried out by measuring the pH value and the micro nutrients of the soil. During the entire study period, the pH of soil near brick kiln was measured to be 5.5 and as distance increased the pH of soil was recorded up to 6.9 which mean the soil was acidic near the kiln and was neutral farther away. The findings revealed that the pH value was high and nutrient content were deficient in soil at 50 m while increas

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Thanki, D. S., and G. D. Gohil. "A Comparative Study of Brick Walls and Stone Walls." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 08, no. 008 (2024): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem37004.

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This study investigates the comparative analysis between brick walls and stone walls, focusing on their historical development, construction techniques, structural arrangements, aesthetics, environmental impacts, and economic considerations. The utilization of bricks as a construction material can be traced back to 7000 B.C. in Mesopotamia, with notable progressions occurring circa 2500 B.C. following the innovation of kiln firing, resulting in more robust and long-lasting bricks. Throughout history, bricks have been utilized in significant architectural endeavors such as the Great Wall of Chi

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Chowdhury, Nasrin, and Md Mamunur Rasid. "Assessment of Soil Fertility and Crop Nutrient Status in Agricultural Soils Near a Brick Kiln Cluster." Journal of Agricultural Science 13, no. 1 (2020): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v13n1p122.

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Brick kiln exhaust when deposited can hamper the nutritional status of the agricultural soils and crops. To study the impact, soil and associated plant samples were collected from the vicinity of a brick kiln cluster in Chattogram, Bangladesh. The soil contamination was evaluated by heavy metal indices. Agricultural soils close to the brick kiln area were very strongly acid to slightly acid. Organic carbon, total nitrogen and available phosphorus content of the agriculture soils near brick kiln cluster were 0.35% to 1.01%, 0.10 to 0.24% and 2.21 to 13.48 mg kg-1 respectively and the significan

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Hanumante, Neeta, Arvinder Pal Singh Narula, Aruna Deshpande, and Prakash Prabhakarrao Doke. "Prevalence of Anemia and Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Children of Brick Kiln Workers, Aged Six to 59 Months: A Cross-Sectional Descriptive Study." Indian Journal of Community Health 36, no. 6 (2024): 778–84. https://doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2024.v36i06.005.

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Background: The brick kiln workers migrate with their families, which decreases health service utilization, leading to adverse effects on their children's health. Anemia studies on these children are scarce. Aim and Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of anemia and vitamin B12 in children of brick kiln workers. Methodology: It was a cross-sectional descriptive study. The study enrolled children aged 6–59 months from brick kilns. We took a detailed history and conducted a thorough physical examination. A blood sample was collected to estimate hemoglobin, Mean Corpuscular volume, Mean Corpusc

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Zhang, Hui Fang, Hong Liang Huang, Li Fang Zhang, Ying Fei Sun, and Fei Zhao. "The Development of Free of Chrome of Basic Refractory Materials for Cement Kiln and its Applications in Engineering." Advanced Materials Research 578 (October 2012): 91–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.578.91.

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This paper introduces the domestic and international evolution of refractory for cement rotary kiln and the situation of development for basic refractory. Also it introduces the usage and advantages and disadvantages of the high alumina brick, magnesia chrome brick, dolomite brick, magnesia spinel brick, magnesia zirconia brick. Refractory for cement kiln develops towards the direction of free of chromium, and it points out the development prospect of re-bonded magnesium zirconium refractory material .

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Meng, Fan Mao, Jian Feng Wan, and Hai Xia Li. "Theoretical and Numerical Analysis of Waste Heat Utilization Device for Coal Gangue Brick Tunnel Kiln." Advanced Materials Research 301-303 (July 2011): 1517–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.301-303.1517.

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This paper studies the waste heat utilization device for the coal gangue brick tunnel kiln. The heat transfer mode of the waste heat utilization device is different form the past. It recovers the physical sensible heat of the high-temperature brick. This paper builds a theoretical model to analyze the situations of the cooling section of the coal gangue brick tunnel kiln, and analyzes the temperature field numerically. The results show that the distance form the waste heat utilization device to the sintering section of the coal gangue brick tunnel kiln must be more than 2m.

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Beyene, Alemayehu, Vinkata Ramaya, and Getachew Shunki. "Biogas Clay Brick Kiln Burner." American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences 11, no. 2 (2018): 830–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3844/ajeassp.2018.830.836.

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Kwon, hyeokjoo. "The Operation and Characteristics of Goryeo Early Celadon Kiln Sites: Focusing on Brick Kiln Celadon Sites." Bukak History Academy 17 (January 30, 2023): 5–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.37288/bukak.2023.17.1.5.

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“Goryeo celadon kiln site” refers to the remains of sites where various types of celadon, including the bowl with a halo-shaped foot, were produced during the early stages of celadon production in Korea. From the 1960s to the 1980s, the Gangjin Yongun-ri No. 9 and 10, Gochang Yonggye-ri, and Yongin Seo-ri sites were excavated, and research was conducted on the date of appearance and comparisons with Yue ware in China, as well as the evolution of the celadon bowl with a halo-shaped foot. After the 1990s, when the early celadon brick kilns in Wonsan-ri, Baecheon, and Bangsan-dong, Siheung,

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GOROG, J. PETER, JAMES G. HEMRICK, HARALD A. WALTER, W. RAY LEARY, and MURRAY ELLIS. "Design of refractory linings for balanced energy efficiency, uptime, and capacity in lime kilns." February 2015 14, no. 2 (2015): 141–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj14.2.141.

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In this work a computer model is used to examine how refractory linings with both high alumina and basic refractory bricks affect kiln operations. Recommendations are made based on the results to aid mill personnel in designing optimized refractory linings for specific situations. Kilns used to regenerate lime in the kraft process are highly energy intensive. Throughout the 1990s, in response to increasing fuel prices, the pulp and paper industry primarily used backup insulation in conjunction with high alumina brick to line calcining zones of their kilns. The dramatic decline in price of natu

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Rahman, MK, M. Eunuch, GM Fazlul Haque, HR Khan, and AJM Abdur Rouf. "Nutrient losses of agricultural land due to brick manufacturing in the central region of Bangladesh." Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences 24, no. 1 (2015): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v24i1.46308.

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Nutrient losses due to brick production were evaluated at 50 Upazilas in nine districts of the central region of Bangladesh. The average land area occupied by a brick kiln was 0.59 ha. Water‐ extractable N, P, K and S, and total N, P, K and S decreased by 67, 60, 62, 53, 67, 67, 87 and 33% in burnt bricks compared to unburnt one, respectively. Permanent loss of huge quantity of plant nutrients is occurring due to brick manufacturing every year in Bangladesh. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 24(1): 53-57, 2015 (January)

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Refaey, Hassanein A., Mathkar A. Alharthi, Ali A. Abdel-Aziz, et al. "Fluid Flow Characteristics for Four Lattice Settings in Brick Tunnel Kiln: CFD Simulations." Buildings 13, no. 3 (2023): 733. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13030733.

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The higher the process efficiency, the lower the fuel consumption, and the less impact carbon emissions have on the environment. The flow characteristics around brick settings are an important field of investigation to acquire control over the energy intake and production process. The current work is a numerical CFD investigation to demonstrate fluid flow characterization inside the cooling zone in a brick tunnel kiln for lattice settings (the number of bricks in each layer is identical). Four different lattice settings were examined, and three were validated with published experimental data (

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Tran, Ngoc-Tien, Ngoc-Duy Le, and Van-Nghia Le. "An Effective Method for the Detection of Wall Brick Defects using Machine Vision." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 14, no. 3 (2024): 14465–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.7503.

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The production lines for wall bricks have achieved a high level of automation. Most brick production lines in developing countries have automated the steps up to placing the bricks in the kiln. However, the manual loading and unloading of bricks after firing still remains. This manual process reduces labor productivity and increases the cost of the final product. To address this issue, this study aims to utilize machine vision algorithms to detect cracks in bricks, thereby facilitating the automation of the brick loading and unloading process. A comprehensive image processing method is develop

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Hasan, Ohammad Rifat, Sheikh Hameem, Sabrina Aftab, and Ezajul Islam. "Towards Eco-Friendly Brick Production in Rajshahi: Overcoming Barriers to Transition from Traditional Practices." Proceedings of the international conference of contemporary affairs in architecture and urbanism-ICCAUA 8, no. 1 (2025): 161–69. https://doi.org/10.38027/iccaua2025en0267.

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Traditional clay bricks are the most used construction material in Bangladesh, yet its manufacture pose considerable environmental and health problems. Pollution from energy-intensive processes has led to calls for a switch to automated, cleaner manufacturing. The transition to automation is being pushed by governments and other organizations. This study investigates the obstacles of the shift from traditional to automated brick manufacture in Rajshahi, Bangladesh's third-largest metropolitan area, using surveys and interviews with kiln owners and operators at the root level. The findings show

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Bouchahma, Anouar, Amina Malaki, Raja Moussaoui, Mohammed Cherraj, and Driss El Hachmi. "Study of thermal transition in brick kilns: modeling wood consumption and energy efficiency." Multidisciplinary Science Journal 7, no. 7 (2024): 2025309. https://doi.org/10.31893/multiscience.2025309.

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The production of fired bricks in traditional wood-fired kilns is a common practice, particularly in developing countries, where it holds cultural and economic significance. However, this method raises environmental and health concerns because of its often low energy efficiency and high fuel consumption. This study aims to model the thermal transition in these traditional kilns to optimize the firing process, reduce wood consumption, and improve energy efficiency. The brick firing process, which includes a critical transitional phase of temperature rise, is frequently poorly managed, leading t

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Torchinskij, A. I., A. Yu Ljashko, O. F. Shkarlinskij, Z. Chichua, and S. V. Volobuev. "ENERGY-SAVING EQUIPMENT IMPLEMENTATION IN TUNNEL KILN FOR CERAMIC BRICKS CALCINATION." Energy Technologies & Resource Saving, no. 3 (September 20, 2017): 56–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.33070/etars.3.2017.07.

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The analysis of the technical decisions used in the Bulgarian projects of tunnel kilns for ceramic brick calcination is carried out. Disadvantages, caused by out-of-date heating engineering equipment, are shown on an example of enterprise of «Metekhis ceramics», Georgia. Necessary measures of modernisation of tunnel kilns for ceramic brick calcination built by the Bulgarian projects are stated. The basis of modernisation – the substituting of out-of-date gas-burning devices by modern gas-burners; expansion of calcination zone due to installing of gas-burning devices on positions of preheating

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