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Journal articles on the topic 'Brick masonry structure'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

Hameed, Salman. "Retrofitting of Confined Brick Masonry with FRP." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 12 (2021): 898–905. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.39307.

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Abstract: Brick masonry structures are commonly used in world because of its simplicity and economy. However, it is susceptible to failure in earthquakes because of the bricks weak interlocking bonds and brick masonry structures designed mainly against gravity load demand. Therefore, in recent years research work has been conducted to confine the unreinforced brick masonry with reinforced concrete tie beams and column, to improve its seismic performance. This enhances both the lateral resistance and stability of the entire structure, to perform as one mass unit against the lateral forces. Howe

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2

Ridwan, Muhammad, Ruddy Kurniawan, and Agus. "An evaluation of mechanical properties of clay brick for masonry wall in Indonesia." MATEC Web of Conferences 215 (2018): 01034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201821501034.

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In principle, the main construction of the non-engineered building in Indonesia is the wooden structure. It can be seen from traditional houses in Indonesia. However, In the last two centuries, the use of brick masonry as wall component has been becoming the primary material. Another side, some places in Indonesia are the seismic areas and earthquake-prone areas. Learning from the earthquake that has happened in the last ten years, the building that used clay brick for masonry wall mostly suffered damage and destruction when subjected to a relatively high intensity of the earthquake. This pape

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3

Li, Xin Zhong, Xue Ying Wei, and Jun Hai Zhao. "Homogenised Dynamic Material Model for Brick Masonry and Its Application." Advanced Materials Research 168-170 (December 2010): 528–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.168-170.528.

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Brick masonry is a traditional building material widely used loading-bearing or partition walls in various building structures. The detailed distinctive modelling of brick and mortar of a realistic masonry structure or a structure with masonry infilled walls are usually not possible due to the computational cost. In this paper, a homogenized dynamic material model which including the damage of brick and mortar and strain rate effect is developed based on dynamic test results of brick and mortar. The proposed homogenized material model was used in analysis of blast response of brick masonry wal

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4

Liu, Hong Biao. "Earthquake Damage Forms of Multi-Story Brick Masonry Structure and their Mechanical Analysis." Advanced Materials Research 1065-1069 (December 2014): 1408–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1065-1069.1408.

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In order to know seismic damage characteristics of multi-story brick masonry structure and improve its seismic capability, five kinds of earthquake damage or collapse forms of multi-story masonry brick structure are summed up based on earthquake disaster survey, each of which is analyzed with mechanics. And the failure mechanism of each seismic damage form of multi-story brick masonry structure are proposed, which provides effective engineering experience for the seismic or anti-collapse design of multi-story masonry brick structure. The research has the important significance in improving the

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5

Prusakova, Maria, Armen Mkrtchyan, and Evgeniy Pugach. "Enlarged brick blocks as an alternative to masonry." E3S Web of Conferences 157 (2020): 06033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015706033.

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Brick structures are one of the most common and useful construction materials. However, brick laying consists of the most labor-intensive processes with the largest part of manual works. The main purpose of the research is to find an alternative technology for the brick structures construction that have geometric and physical parameters of brickwork, the processes of which are less labor-intensive and more mechanized. Using factory-made enlarged brick blocks was suggested in the article as an alternative. A brick block is a factory - made element of a brick wall structure that is installed in

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6

Juta, Eshetu Mathewos. "Energy Absorption Capacity Of Rat-Trap Bond Masonry Under Base Excitation." Journal of University of Shanghai for Science and Technology 23, no. 11 (2021): 454–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.51201/jusst/21/11891.

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Brick masonry does not exhibit much capacity to resist lateral loads and hence the masonry suffers heavy damage during earthquakes, which impart lateral loads to structures. In the Bhuj earthquake of Jan 26, 2001, that occurred in majority of masonry structures failed because they were built with un-reinforced brick masonry. The EBC code of practice for brick masonry, suggests the use of lintel band and roof band that introduce a rigid box-type behavior which will help the structure to improve its performance against seismic loads. But there are no Codal provisions for use of Rat-Trap bond mas

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7

Azam, Rizwan, Muhammad Rizwan Riaz, Ehtasham Ul Haq, Ayman Shihata, and Mohamed Zawam. "Development of Quality Assessment Criteria for Burnt Clay Bricks of Different Ages Based on Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Test." Buildings 12, no. 8 (2022): 1069. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12081069.

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Burnt clay bricks are widely used as a construction material in Pakistan, and their testing for quality confirmation is frequently needed for new and old bricks used in existing structures. The destructive testing methods are time-consuming and not always feasible for testing the bricks used in existing structures. The current study investigated the feasibility of using the ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) test as a non-destructive technique to assess the quality of both new and old bricks in masonry structures. A relationship was developed after performing the UPV test followed by a compressio

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8

Yao, Xinqiang, Bin Liang, Hai Zhang, Ziliang Zhang, and Zheng He. "Typical brick masonry walls reinforced with high-strength mortar and steel bars in the horizontal joints." Advances in Structural Engineering 24, no. 12 (2021): 2767–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13694332211012238.

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Based on investigation of rural buildings in china, there are more than 20% of the masonry structures constructed in 1970s. Thus, the old blue bricks (OBB) and old red bricks (ORB), which demolished from the typical brick masonry structures was built in 1970s, was chosen in the test. During demolishing the OBB and ORB, the original mortar was destroyed. Thus, the 1:7.8 cement mortar was chosen instead of original mortars and the 1:5 cement mortar was chosen as the reinforcement mortar. In order to know the performant of the reinforcement methods, there are three-level test plan was put forward

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9

Smt., Saraswati V.Patil, and M.M.Patil Dr. "Structure of Brick Making Industries in India." Journal of Management Commerce Engineering and IT (JMCEI) 1, no. 1 (2022): 5–7. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7082475.

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Abstract: Now a day brick industries has played a dominant role in the Indian economy. Each and every person has to think that he must be built up his own dream house, because of that bricks industries were established even in rural areas. The bricks industry also comes under small scale industries. Small scale industries constitute the key link in the process of socio economic transformation of under developed social structures. Small scale industries provide substantial scope for increasing employment as they are labour intensive. “A brick is building material use to make walls, paveme

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10

An, Dong, Tie Jun Qu, and Jian Wen Liang. "Pseudo-Dynamic Test of Brick Masonry under Different Earthquake Motion." Applied Mechanics and Materials 256-259 (December 2012): 2111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.256-259.2111.

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For further study on the influence of ground motion on the seismic performance of brick masonry structure, two masonry buildings were designed and constructed according to common structure style in towns and villages. Two full-scale buildings were subjected to different earthquake motion using pseudo-dynamic test. The earthquake motions are artificial earthquake motion and strong motion recording. This paper presents hysteretic behavior and deformation under horizontal seismic action. Crack propagation of masonry structure is analyzed. These tests verify that displacement response of masonry s

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11

Ainechi, Shahrzad, and Nima Valibeig. "Comparative and contrast study of Karbandie’s Masonry ribs brick arrangements." Curved and Layered Structures 7, no. 1 (2020): 166–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cls-2020-0013.

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AbstractKarbandies’ masonry ribs construction technology is influenced by form and size, on one hand, and traditional architects’ creativity, on the other hand. Some of the exclusive characteristics of construction techniques of Kar-bandies’ ribs are revealed, after investigating and identifying of some of traditional construction ways of them, investigating contemporary studies conducted in the field and comparing the methods. The masonry ribs have been built in different forms over time and such different forms result in formation of different construction technologies. The masonry ribs’ for

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12

Belentsov, Yu A., A. M. Kharitonov, and A. P. Leykin. "Evaluationof the bearing capacity of the historical buildings’ masonry." Вестник гражданских инженеров 18, no. 4 (2021): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.23968/1999-5571-2021-18-4-79-85.

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The reliability of historical buildings` brick structures is usually evaluated on the basis of analysis based on empirical formulas that use characteristics of brick and masonry mortar, which are obtained as a result of testing samples of materials taken from the structures. The practice of making such evaluations often shows an obvious discrepancy between the visual state of the structure and the analysis results obtained. Brick-masonry that does not have signs of the load-bearing capacity loss may be evaluated as emergency brick-masonry, and structures that have clearly lost their integrity

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13

Kamaruddin, Kartini, and Siti Hawa Hamzah. "Optimisation of Calcium Silicate and Sand Cement Bricks in Masonary Bearing Walls." Scientific Research Journal 3, no. 2 (2006): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/srj.v3i2.5669.

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Design and construction of buildings used to be on framed structure incorporating reinforced concrete, steel or timber as structural member to transmit load to the foundation. Bricks are normally used as infill materials in these framed structures. However, research has shown that bricks can also be used as external and internal masonry bearing walls. With the use of structural masonry construction method, cheaper and faster construction can be achieved. Savings are obtained by using less formwork and reinforcing steel, reducing construction time as lesser frames or none are used, and eliminat

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14

Venghiac, Vasile-Mircea, Cerasela-Panseluta Neagu, George Taranu, and Ancuta Rotaru. "Time History Analyses of a Masonry Structure for a Sustainable Technical Assessment According to Romanian Design Codes." Sustainability 15, no. 4 (2023): 2932. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15042932.

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Computer simulations are challenging in terms of modeling the appropriate behavior of brick masonry structures. These numerical simulations are becoming increasingly difficult due to several design code requirements considered for the technical assessment of brick masonry structures for rehabilitation. In Romania, many brick masonry structures have withstood powerful earthquakes during their lifetime and require rehabilitation works. This paper aims to further assess various simulation challenges regarding the boundary conditions of spandrels and masonry structural behavior. This paper present

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15

Putra, Alfien Hernanda, and Ade Okvianti Irlan. "Structure Behavior and Performance from Unconfined Masonry and Confined Masonry Building Design." MEDIA KOMUNIKASI TEKNIK SIPIL 27, no. 2 (2021): 296–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/mkts.v27i2.33561.

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Many buildings in Indonesia were damaged during the earthquake, especially non-engineered brick walls building. One example of non-engineered brick walls building is Bendung Village Head Office in Serang, Banten, which was damaged by the 2019 Pandeglang earthquake. This building was built without reinforced concrete beams and columns known as unconfined masonry buildings. In this study, the building will be redesigned with ETABS software to determine the similarities between the structural weaknesses from ETABS and the actual damage. The results of the structural analysis give a time period of

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16

Yang, Wei Jun, Ning Guo, and Hai Dian Zhang. "Finite Element Study on Influence of Ring Beam at Top Window Sill Elevation on Temperature Effect of Masonry." Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (October 2012): 4110–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.4110.

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This paper mainly studies on the problem of the temperature cracks of the concrete perforated brick masonry structure by finite element model simulation and the stress distribution of masonry at the top window sill elevation under temperature difference effect. Analysis the influence of setting ring beam at the top window sill elevation on temperature stress of masonry, Summed up some measures about control and prevention of masonry temperature cracks at the top window sill elevation, it can be referenced for concrete perforated brick masonry structure design and construction.

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17

Zhao, Hui Hui, and Wen Fang Zhang. "Analysis of Failure Mode of Masonry Wall under Vertical Compressive Stress." Applied Mechanics and Materials 193-194 (August 2012): 791–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.193-194.791.

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The application of ABAQUS finite element software non-linear finite element analysis of brick masonry walls with structural column. Build three brick masonry wall models, and analysis of the damage form of the wall under different vertical compressive stress and horizontal force. Thus the analysis result compared with the calculation result of the relevant specification formula, in order to get validate compression influence of masonry aseismic walls. It turned out that different vertical compressive stress effect the shear capacity, and failure mode of brick masonry wall structure with a stru

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18

Luo, Lie, Ming Zhao, and Ying Liu. "Mortar Replacement Reinforcement Method for Existing Masonry Structures." Advanced Materials Research 133-134 (October 2010): 977–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.133-134.977.

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For load-bearing capacity reducing of the walls of multi-storey masonry structure caused by the lower mortar strength and quality defects, the mortar replacement method was used to reinforce the perforated brick load-bearing walls. The strength of mortar used for replacing, the depth of replacement, construction methods and quality control have been studied. The reliability of this method is verified by testing in situ including axial compression test and double brick double-shear test for reinforced brick masonry. This method could be also used in reinforcement for the historical masonry buil

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19

Ishchuk, E. M., and M. K. Ishchuk. "Brick masonry reinforcement with methyl methacrylate injection." Bulletin of Science and Research Center of Construction 42, no. 3 (2024): 111–23. https://doi.org/10.37538/2224-9494-2024-3(42)-111-123.

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Introduction. Structural reinforcement of brick and stone masonry by grouting materials under pressure is an efficient approach to restoring the masonry integrity, and, in some cases, improving its bearing capacity. This paper presents the results of research studies into the strength of a masonry structure reinforced by methyl methacrylate injection. This research is part of a larger project, which was launched in 2004 and continues to date. Due to the high penetrating ability of methyl methacrylate, reinforcement of masonry structures with small crack opening seems highly promising.Aim. Eval

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20

Yang, Li Hui. "Impact of Wall Openings on the Seismic Performance of Brick Masonry Structure." Advanced Materials Research 804 (September 2013): 307–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.804.307.

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Openings may weaken the rigidity of walls in the houses of brick masonry structure, leading to the asymmetrical rigidity distribution in the houses. This may also affect the seismic performance of houses. Five fine FEM model are established in this study to simulate the impact of various openings on the seismic performance of brick masonry structure.

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21

Su, Hui, Jian Wang, Xinpei Jiang, and Yang Tan. "Shaking table test on building in masonry structure with construction waste recycled brick." World Journal of Engineering 11, no. 4 (2014): 357–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/1708-5284.11.4.357.

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Based on the shake table test on "tie column-ring beam-cast-in-place slab" construction waste recycled brick masonry structure, a 1/3 scaled model of 4 stories is tested to analyze the seismic behavior of the multi-storey masonry structure. The test is conducted with EL-Centro seismic wave, Taft wave and artificial wave to simulate the damages observed and the seismic response under different earthquake levels. On the basis of test results, the seismic performance of the model is good and the overall structure could satisfy seismic fortification requirements in the region of intensity 8. At th

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22

An, Dong, Tie Jun Qu, and Jian Wen Liang. "Seismic Behavior of Two-Story Brick Masonry Building." Applied Mechanics and Materials 275-277 (January 2013): 1456–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.275-277.1456.

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In order to investigate the seismic behavior include hysteretic curve, skeleton curve and stiffness degradation, four masonry structures with different details are tested under pseudo-dynamic test and low cycle lateral load test. One kind of full-scale building is confined masonry with tie-column and ring-beam. Other is common brick masonry. Test results indicate that the tie-column and ring-beam play an important role for developing higher resistance and better deformability. And tie-column and ring-beam can effectively confined brick wall to improve the seismic performance of masonry structu

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23

S., Ramya M., and Shashishankar A. "Experimental Study on the Compressive Strength of Masonry Blocks with Geopolymer Mortar." International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation X, no. XI (2023): 336–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.51244/ijrsi.2023.1011028.

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Masonry units are the major building materials used in construction work. There are several masonry units available in the market today. Some of the widely used masonry units are burnt clay bricks, concrete blocks, fly ash blocks, compressed stabilized soil/earth blocks, geopolymer mud blocks, geopolymer concrete blocks, and so on. These blocks are used for the construction of load bearing structure. To bond two masonry units together, mortar plays a vital role. Fly ash based geopolymer mortar has been used in this study. The strength of masonry units namely bricks, concrete blocks and stabili

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Ni, Yu Shuang, Wei Jun Yang, and Yao Hua Jiang. "Analyses of the Elastic Modulus Values of Masonry." Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (October 2012): 889–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.889.

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Abstract: The elastic modulus values of masonry were studied by using homogenization with microscopic mechanics. The formulate of the elastic modulus of brick masonry were derived from the formulae of the elastic modulus and Poisson’s ratio of brick and mortar. The calculated results according to the methods agreed better with our current national codes and the frequently-used formulas. This has paved the way for the study of the failure mechanism of masonry ,and make the analysis of masonry structure more accurate more and convenient.

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Ibrahim, Yahya, Balázs Nagy, and Csaba Benedek. "Deep Learning-Based Masonry Wall Image Analysis." Remote Sensing 12, no. 23 (2020): 3918. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12233918.

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In this paper we introduce a novel machine learning-based fully automatic approach for the semantic analysis and documentation of masonry wall images, performing in parallel automatic detection and virtual completion of occluded or damaged wall regions, and brick segmentation leading to an accurate model of the wall structure. For this purpose, we propose a four-stage algorithm which comprises three interacting deep neural networks and a watershed transform-based brick outline extraction step. At the beginning, a U-Net-based sub-network performs initial wall segmentation into brick, mortar and

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26

Maidiawati, Jafril Tanjung, Yulia Hayatfi, and Hamdeni Medriosa. "Behaviour of Reinforced Concrete Frames with Central Opening Masonry Infill under Lateral Reversed Cyclic Loading." MATEC Web of Conferences 258 (2019): 05009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201925805009.

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This paper will describe the seismic behaviour of masonry infilled RC frame with a central opening structure under reversed cyclic lateral loading. To achieve the purpose of this study, four 1/4-scale single story and single bay RC frame specimens were tested, i.e. one bare frame, one clay brick masonry infilled RC frame without opening and two clay brick masonry infills with a central opening in infills. The ratios of opening size to panel area were 25% and 40%. Through reversed cyclic lateral loading tests, the seismic performance of RC frames with a central opening brick masonry infills was

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27

Samarth, Joshi* Dr. Raman Nateriya Dr. Priyanka Dhurve Prafulla Kumar Tiwari. "SEISMIC ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURE ON SLOPING GROUND USING CLAY AND CEMENT INFILL." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY 6, no. 1 (2017): 556–73. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.259587.

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RC frames with masonry infill walls are a common practice in countries like India, where the region is prone to seismic activity. Generally the masonry infill walls are treated as nonstructural part in structural study and role of its mass is well-thought-out and it’s structural feature like strength and rigidity is not measured. The structures in from top to bottom seismic areas are mostly vulnerable to plain damages. Apart from the gravity load structure has to endure to lateral load which also develop high stresses. Now day’s reinforced concrete frames are used in building structure practic

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Yuan, Zhi Ren, Li Jun Dou, and Wang Tan. "Comparative Experiment Research on Mechanical Performance between Sintered Hollow Block Infilled Insulation Masonry and Sintered Perforated Brick Masonry under Vertical and Horizontal Load." Applied Mechanics and Materials 275-277 (January 2013): 1100–1106. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.275-277.1100.

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This paper analyses the stress state of sintered hollow block infilled insulation masonry under practical conditions. Based on the fact that the static loading performance of the new masonry block can be used in masonry structure, the comparative experiment research focused on the seismic performance between masonry works made of the new block and traditional sintered perforated brick with horizontal and vertical load working simultaneously, damage regulars and corrective measures are key points. Results show the mechanical performance of the new block masonry is worse than sintered perforated

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Yang, Zhao, and Wei Gang Wu. "Finite Element Analysis on Mechanical Performance of CFRP Used in Masonry Structure Strengthening." Advanced Materials Research 228-229 (April 2011): 592–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.228-229.592.

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CFRP is a new kind of building materials popularly used in structure strengthening. When CFRP is used to strengthen the masonry structures built by the traditional building materials-bricks and mortar, good reinforcing effect will be achieved. But there are still a lot of theoretical difficulties in CFRP’s application in structure strengthening. The paper studied the mechanical performance of CFRP strengthening the masonry structures by finite element analysis. Ansys is used in the paper to establish discrete models of brick walls strengthened by CFRP. In the models, mortar and blocks are give

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Patel, Bhavik, and Bharat J. Shah. "Enhancement Factor for Collapse Resistance of RC Buildings Considering Brick Infills." SAMRIDDHI : A Journal of Physical Sciences, Engineering and Technology 14, no. 02 (2022): 206–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.18090/samriddhi.v14i02.14.

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Progressive collapse is described as the removal or damage of one or more primary load carrying elements of the structures leading to the partial or full collapse of structures. For assessment of resistance towards collapse, various methods have been found in good literature and guidelines like alternate path method, strengthening or enhancement in local elements, strengthening of the girders, truss formulation at upper-level storey etc. In the present study, attempts have been focused on the contribution of brick infill walls on building resistance to collapse with different opening ratios. T

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Astariani, Ni Kadek, I. Gusti Made Sudika, and Putu Arif Prabawa Triatmaja. "Comparison of Design and Cost of Reinforced Concrete Structures in Buildings with Brick, Brick and Light Brick Walls in front of SD No. 9 Benoa." ASTONJADRO 14, no. 2 (2025): 393–407. https://doi.org/10.32832/astonjadro.v14i2.17207.

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In building structures, the accepted dead load is the load of the elements in the building, including reinforced concrete, rebated concrete, specs, ceramics, tiles, ceilings, MEP, walls and others. The wall load depends on what material is used on the wall. Bricks with half masonry provide a load of 250 kg/m2 (PPIUG, 1983). A pair of hollow brick walls weighs 120 kg/m2 (PPIUG, 1983) for HB 10. Light brick is concrete where air bubbles are caused by chemical reactions, AAC (Autoclaved Aerated Concrete) mixture generally consists of quartz sand, cement, lime, a little gypsum, water, and aluminum

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NEELAMEGAM, P., and P. SURESH KUMAR. "AN INVESTIGATION OF RETROFITTED MASONRY-INFILLED FRAMES (RMIF) WITH HYBRID FIBERS: AN EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH." Surface Review and Letters 27, no. 10 (2020): 1950220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x19502202.

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A reinforced concrete frame with masonry wall infill, “framed-brick work”, is a composite basic structure demonstrated to be feasible and effective on account of in-plane smooth excitations. Numerous models have been proposed for simulation of the behavior of masonry infills. The act of utilizing infill walls has been under investigation as it has both positive and negative impacts on the behavior of the structure under horizontal load. An enormous number of experimental and diagnostic examinations have been embraced in the past to research the behavior of such frames. The paper has focused on

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33

Richterova, Kristyna, Pavel Heinrich, Jan Harš, and Petr Bíly. "Aspects Affecting the Quality of Masonry Buildings and Innovations in Masonry." Key Engineering Materials 976 (March 18, 2024): 101–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-zun5wb.

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The construction industry is undergoing another revolution, including the field of masonry construction. New materials and products for masonry are constantly being developed and construction details and implementation procedures are being resolved. Digitization and the introduction of automation in the masonry process (in prefabrication halls or on-site robotic bricklaying) are also an integral part of the development of the masonry construction industry. The topic of the following paper is a summary of problematic construction details of masonry buildings, i.e., the solution of the plinth co

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Kettar, Jalal, Khadija Baba, Abderrahman Nounah, and Lahcen Bahi. "Mechanical behavior of the reinforced concrete frame with masonry filling Comportement mécanique des portiques en béton armé avec remplissage en maçonnerie." MATEC Web of Conferences 149 (2018): 02062. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201814902062.

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Masonry is often used in the most of reinforced concrete structure constructions as a filling material that is important on structural characteristics. Structural contribution in the calculations was neglected or misunderstood, mainly due to the lack of a practical calculation methods and an appropriate regulatory tool. The analysis of frames filled with masonry is very complex. This complexity is linked from one part to the difference in the nature of elements and its behavior that make up the masonry itself (brick and mortar) and their interaction, and on the other part, for the large disper

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Dias, José Miranda. "Damage of Infill Masonry Walls due to Vertical Loads in Buildings with Reinforced Concrete Structure." WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED AND THEORETICAL MECHANICS 18 (April 4, 2023): 32–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/232011.2023.18.4.

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Buildings are subjected to deformations of their reinforced concrete structure due to vertical loads that can lead, in certain cases, to the significant cracking of the unreinforced masonry (URM) infill walls, therefore requiring the development of specific knowledge of these types of deformations in order to minimise them. Aiming the evaluation of buildings with reinforced concrete structures subjected to vertical deformations, the mechanical characteristics of their infill masonry walls, as well as of their interface with the supporting concrete elements, are here analysed. The basic compres

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Chapagain, Krishna, and Hemchandra Chaulagain. "Seismic Fragility Analysis of Existing Old Newari Brick Masonry Building in Pokhara Valley." Structural Mechanics of Engineering Constructions and Buildings 20, no. 2 (2024): 120–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/1815-5235-2024-20-2-120-133.

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Most of the building stock in Nepal is based on masonry construction, which includes monumental, administrative, and residential structures. These structures are vulnerable during earthquakes, as evidenced by the massive structural damage, loss of human life, and property damage due to a lack of proper assessment and appropriate strengthening measures. An analysis of the seismic vulnerability of existing old Newari brick masonry buildings in the Pokhara Valley is presented. These buildings were built using indigenous knowledge and technology. The investigation is based on analytical studies, w

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Atkinson, R. H. "Structural Repair/Retrofit of Brick Masonry Walls." Ceramics in Modern Technologies 3, no. 1 (2021): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.29272/cmt.2021.0004.

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The various methods presently available for the repair of brick masonry walls are reviewed. Particular attention is given to structural repair made necessary as the result of earthquake induced damage or retrofit measures to be applied to an existing masonry structure to increase seismic resistance. Among the techniques discussed are: crack injection with epoxy or resin, crack or void injection with a cement based grout, surface coating methods, base isolation, repointing or limited replacement of damaged elements and installation of steel reinforcing elements. Use of nondestructive evaluation

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Wang, Hongwei, Mingming Jia, Yanwu Yao, Xueliang Chen, and Zirong Zhang. "Influence of the Vertical Component of Yangbi Ground Motion on the Dynamic Response of RC Frame and Brick-Concrete Structure." Buildings 13, no. 1 (2023): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13010147.

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An earthquake of magnitude 6.4 occurred in Yangbi County, Yunnan Province on 21 May 2021, with a focal depth of 8 km, and strong ground motion with vertical components was monitored by Yangbi station (53YBX). A total of 14,122 houses were damaged in Yangbi in the earthquake, and 232 of them collapsed. Vertical components of ground motions have been gained more attention for its effect on structure’s seismic response in epicenter or near-fault regions at present. Taking the three earthquake ground motions of Yangbi, Chi-Chi, and Loma Prieta as inputs, and modeling based on Perform-3D, this rese

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Hake, Prashant. "Contrastive Investigation of High-Rise Building with Distinctive Infill Wall by Pushover Analysis." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 12, no. 5 (2024): 5684–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.62968.

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Abstract: Pushover analysis is a method that uses simple nonlinear techniques to predict seismic structural deformations. Today, we use masonry infill in reinforced concrete (R/C) frames for architectural, aesthetic or economic reasons. In this project, we need to study the effect of backfill on the damage structure of the reinforced concrete frame. The main purpose of this study is to show that adding walls to the reinforced concrete frame can increase the strength and stiffness of seismic resistant structure loads and increase the feedback for strength and stiffness analysis. . These instruc

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Su, Hui, Guo Song Han, and Xin Pei Jiang. "Research on the Seismic Performance of Construction Waste Recycled Brick Masonry Structure." Advanced Materials Research 588-589 (November 2012): 1950–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.588-589.1950.

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In order to research the seismic property of masonry building constructed with the construction waste recycled bricks, a four stories building model with 1:3 scale is constructed and tested on the shaking table. Based on the test results, the cracks pattern, displacement response, acceleration response of the building are studied. The failure mechanism of the infill building is investigated. The results show that the construction waste recycled brick is a qualified building material to construct the low rise building.

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An, Dong, Tie Jun Qu, and Jian Wen Liang. "Full-Scale Test on Seismic Performance of Masonry Structure." Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (October 2012): 2610–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.2610.

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For further study on effective seismic design requirements of masonry structure, two masonry buildings were designed and constructed according to common structure style in towns and villages. Two full-scale buidings were subjected to earthquake using pseudo-dynamic test and quasi-static test. This paper presents crack propagation of masonry structure, hysteretic behavior, deformation and stiffness degradation under horizontal seismic action. In this experiment, deformability and ultimate bearing capacity of confined masonry (CM) with tie-column and ring-beam is higher than common brick structu

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Yakovlev, Grigory Ivanovich, Iuliia Ginchitskaia, Valeriy Grahov, et al. "Modification of Masonry Mortar and Structure of Ceramic Bricks to Reduce Efflorescence." Key Engineering Materials 808 (June 2019): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.808.3.

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At present, efflorescence formation on the surface of brickwork is a problem for many buildings under construction and those already built. Efflorescence not only spoil the external appearance of the facades, but in rare cases can even lead to peeling of the brick and reducing its durability. The conducted researches show that in most cases efflorescence on the facades of buildings under construction is formed by sodium sulfate and calcium carbonate. Sources of these salts are masonry cement mortars with plasticizing additives containing sodium salts. In this case, the porous structure of bric

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Niedostatkiewicz, Maciej, and Tomasz Majewski. "Causes of Defects and Damage to Brick Masonry Elements in Historic Buildings." Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports 34, no. 4 (2024): 423–48. https://doi.org/10.59440/ceer/194876.

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Ceramic brick masonry elements constitute the largest number of structural systems of historic buildings, especially sacral and public utility buildings. In the past, they were also very commonly used as a material for the construction of military facilities. Historic buildings and masonry structures undergo destructive processes over time, the course of which can be very diverse and depends, among other things, on the physicochemical properties of the materials, the type of structure, the age of the building, working conditions and random conditions and events. The paper is an engineering rev

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Hake, Prashant. "Contrastive Investigation of High rise building with distinctive infill wall by Pushover analysis." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 08, no. 06 (2024): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem35543.

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Pushover analysis is a method that uses simple nonlinear techniques to predict seismic structural deformations. Today, we use masonry infill in reinforced concrete (R/C) frames for architectural, aesthetic or economic reasons. In this project, we need to study the effect of backfill on the damage structure of the reinforced concrete frame. The main purpose of this study is to show that adding walls to the reinforced concrete frame can increase the strength and stiffness of seismic resistant structure loads and increase the feedback for strength and stiffness analysis.These instructions strictl

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Zhao, Jing, Wen Bin Sun, Qiang Qiang Zhu, and Hong Bao Yong. "Experimental Study on the Bonding Behavior of GFRP-to-Brick Interface." Advanced Materials Research 919-921 (April 2014): 416–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.919-921.416.

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The performance of the interface between FRP and masonry is one of the key factors affecting the behavior of the strengthened structure. A challenge is to better understand the potential failure modes, which are generally directly related to the interfacial behavior between the FRP composite and the masonry in masonry walls. In this research, the experimental program was focused on the bond behavior of GFRP strips externally bonded (EB) to brick masonry.

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Potapova, Anna, Anastasiya Egorova, and Aleхey Mestnikov. "Technical condition of brickwork of the Grado-Yakutsk Trinity Cathedral of the 18th-19th centuries." E3S Web of Conferences 458 (2023): 07024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202345807024.

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In the permafrost conditions of Yakutsk, the preserved old stone buildings made of locally produced ceramic bricks are of historical and scientific value. One of the first brick buildings in permafrost conditions is the Grado-Yakutsk Trinity Cathedral, which is now 315 years old since the start of construction. The article presents the results of the brickwork survey, the main being the strength characteristics determined under laboratory and field conditions. To ensure objectivity in determining the strength of bricks and brickwork, in addition to crushing the selected samples with a hydrauli

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Pravin, B. Shinde, A. Ahire Rohan, V. Suryavanshi Akshay, S. Thakur Rohan, and B. Dandekar Prashant. "Analysis of Moisture Content in Bricks Wall Panel Using FFT Analyzer." Journal of Geotechnical Studies 4, no. 2 (2019): 21–25. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3239767.

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Modal examination is a great instrument to categorize the dynamic features of structure and material. All structures and materials that shake through high largeness of shaking at its own resonant frequency. For improving its strength, it is important to know the modal frequencyresonant frequency, modal figure and curbing features of the structure and material at its changing functioning circumstances and dependability at project point. Such a material in construction industry is brick. Brick is one of the most used structural materials for brick wall masonry, so it is necessary to identify its

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Mehraj, Faisal, Ruthviz Kodali, Devireddy Sowmya, et al. "Finite element analysis of unreinforced masonry walls with different bond patterns." Sustainable Engineering and Innovation 5, no. 1 (2023): 58–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.37868/sei.v5i1.id194.

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Masonry is the oldest building material, yet it is also the least understood due to the non-linear and composite nature of masonry, which consists of brick units, mortar, and unit-mortar contact. In this paper, the response of a two-dimensional masonry wall with a window opening subjected to an in-plane lateral pushover loading is simulated by varying the interface properties of brick such as crushing, elastic, cracking, and shear properties. The simplified micro-modeling technique with the Engineering Masonry model for bricks and linear stiffness properties for the interfaces in the bed and h

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Maidiawati, Jafril Tanjung, Yulia Hayati, Agus, and Satria Rangga. "Seismic performance of brick masonry infilled frame structures with bed joint reinforcements." E3S Web of Conferences 156 (2020): 03004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015603004.

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This paper presents the evaluation of the seismic performance of brick infilled RC frame structures with bed joint reinforcements based on reversed cyclic lateral load tests. Three specimens of the structural model of 1/4 scale-down single-story single-bay brick infilled RC frame was prepared, which were brick infilled RC frames with and without bed joint reinforcements. Two specimens of brick infills with bed joint reinforcements were different in the spacing of bed joint rebars. The specimens were tested by applying a reversed cyclic lateral loading in-plane direction. During the tests, the

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Singh, Amit, and Dr J. N. Vyas. "Non-Linear Static Analysis of Concrete Structure using Brick Infill Material: A Review." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 1 (2023): 1037–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.48687.

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Abstract: The properties of masonary and its constitutive materials were reviewed, giving special emphasis to those aspects which contribute to a better understanding of the strength mechanism. Computer based procedures were developed for the rational evaluation of the strength of masonry subjected to compressive and shear stresses. The effect of pinching of the hysteresis loops in the response of infilled frames subjected to earthquakes was investigated. This paper was prepared to study various research work related to the Seismic analysis of reinforced concrete structures using brick as an i

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