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Journal articles on the topic 'Brick masonry'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 26 July 2025

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1

Phaiju, Saroj, and Prachand Man Pradhan. "Experimental work for mechanical properties of brick and masonry panel." Journal of Science and Engineering 5 (August 31, 2018): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jsce.v5i0.22372.

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The use of Masonry panels in building construction has been popular in most of the parts of the world. However, the use of bricks and brick masonry in different parts of the world being of different nature in terms of quality, size, workmanship of construction, etc. It is yet a topic of interest to researchers to identify the mechanical properties, like Young’s modulus of elasticity and shear modulus of brick masonry panels. It is essential to know the characteristic of brick masonry panels in order to evaluate the responses of masonry walls for any kind of loading. Individual bricks do posses

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2

Bozhko, Y. A., and K. A. Lapunova. "About the Development of Brick-Design in Russia." Stroitel'nye Materialy 787, no. 12 (2020): 21–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.31659/0585-430x-2020-787-12-21-24.

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The article reflects the authors view on the technical and aesthetic side of the use of face bricks in the architecture of our country. The term brick design combines such indicators of brickwork as the color, size and surface of the brick itself, as well as the type of masonry and seam parameters. Unfortunately, the analysis of the current situation shows that the culture of consumption of face bricks in Russia remains at a low level, which is due to the lack of proper knowledge and insufficient number of qualified master masons. The main goal of brick design development is to popularize vari

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3

Ridwan, Muhammad, Ruddy Kurniawan, and Agus. "An evaluation of mechanical properties of clay brick for masonry wall in Indonesia." MATEC Web of Conferences 215 (2018): 01034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201821501034.

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In principle, the main construction of the non-engineered building in Indonesia is the wooden structure. It can be seen from traditional houses in Indonesia. However, In the last two centuries, the use of brick masonry as wall component has been becoming the primary material. Another side, some places in Indonesia are the seismic areas and earthquake-prone areas. Learning from the earthquake that has happened in the last ten years, the building that used clay brick for masonry wall mostly suffered damage and destruction when subjected to a relatively high intensity of the earthquake. This pape

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4

Ahmad, Aftab, and Luai Al-Hadhrami. "Thermal performance and economic assessment of masonry bricks." Thermal Science 13, no. 4 (2009): 221–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci0904221a.

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The objective of this study was to assess the thermal performance and economic assessment of different types of clay and concrete masonry brick wall samples used in building construction. In this study, eighteen types of clay bricks and two types of concrete bricks were analyzed for thermal performance. The bricks were classified and grouped based on the brick configuration, material, and size. The analysis of the results shows that the equivalent thermal conductivity does not depend only on the brick material and configuration but also on the brick thickness. The bricks having same configurat

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Chen, Zhouyi, Wenyuan Chen, Chenglin Mai, Jianguang Shi, Yiren Xie, and Hongmei Hu. "Experimental Study on the Compressive Behaviors of Brick Masonry Strengthened with Modified Oyster Shell Ash Mortar." Buildings 11, no. 7 (2021): 266. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings11070266.

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Masonry bricks were widely used in construction of the walls in most of Chinese historical buildings. The low strength of lime–clay mortar used in existing historical brick masonry walls has usually led to poor performance such as cracking and collapse during earthquakes. As the composition of modified oyster shell ash mortar (MOSA mortar) with higher strength is similar to that of lime–clay mortar, it can be used to partially replace original lime–clay mortar for historical brick masonry buildings in order to improve their seismic performance. Previous research has proven that this strengthen

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6

Hameed, Salman. "Retrofitting of Confined Brick Masonry with FRP." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 12 (2021): 898–905. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.39307.

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Abstract: Brick masonry structures are commonly used in world because of its simplicity and economy. However, it is susceptible to failure in earthquakes because of the bricks weak interlocking bonds and brick masonry structures designed mainly against gravity load demand. Therefore, in recent years research work has been conducted to confine the unreinforced brick masonry with reinforced concrete tie beams and column, to improve its seismic performance. This enhances both the lateral resistance and stability of the entire structure, to perform as one mass unit against the lateral forces. Howe

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7

Nazimi, Karishma, Juan Jose Castro, Shogo Omi, and Bimkubwa Seif Ali. "Proposal of Empirical Equations for Masonry Compressive Strength: Considering the Compressive Strength Difference between Bricks and Mortar." Buildings 14, no. 4 (2024): 1138. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings14041138.

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Solid brick masonry poses challenges in predicting compressive strength due to its non-homogeneous and anisotropic nature, compounded by variations in the properties of the constituent bricks and mortar. This research addresses this issue through secondary analysis and examining the interplay between brick-and-mortar compressive strengths. Contrary to existing empirical equations for predicting masonry compressive strength, regression analysis was conducted on test specimens categorized into two groups based on the relative strength of the constitutive materials: Group 1, masonry specimens wit

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8

Sambaraju, Nuthanaganti, and Venu Malagavelli. "Behaviour of Confined and Unconfined Clay with or without Openings of Brick Masonry Columns." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1086, no. 1 (2022): 012008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1086/1/012008.

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Abstract Masonry components are frequently limited to increase structural capacity. Concrete confinement models are commonly used to develop generalised approaches for assessing the behaviour of confined masonry columns. Concrete and masonry, on the other hand, differ significantly in terms of physical and mechanical qualities. Recent scientific studies on the experimental behaviour of constrained masonry columns have supplied useful knowledge. When two confined and unconfined masonry columns were exposed to vertical loads, an experimental study was conducted to compare their seismic behaviour

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9

Zheng, Shansuo, Lihua Niu, Pei Pei, and Jinqi Dong. "Mechanical Behavior of Brick Masonry in an Acidic Atmospheric Environment." Materials 12, no. 17 (2019): 2694. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12172694.

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In order to evaluate the deterioration regularity for the mechanical properties of brick masonry due to acid rain corrosion, a series of mechanical property tests for mortars, bricks, shear prisms, and compressive prisms after acid rain corrosion were conducted. The apparent morphology and the compressive strength of the masonry materials (cement mortar, cement-lime mortar, cement-fly ash mortar, and brick), the shear behavior of the masonry, and the compression behavior of the masonry were analyzed. The resistance of acid rain corrosion for the cement-lime mortar prisms was the worst, and the

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10

Balksten, Kristin, and Paulien Strandberg-de Bruijn. "Understanding Deterioration due to Salt and Ice Crystallization in Scandinavian Massive Brick Masonry." Heritage 4, no. 1 (2021): 349–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage4010022.

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Extensive durability problems such as weathering and degradation are found in historic Scandinavian brick masonry buildings, especially from the neo-Gothic period. These are largely due to the crystallization of salts and frost action in the bricks and mortars. This article aims to show and illustrate which salts and crystals are found in historic brick masonry buildings and to describe their appearance and behavior. An additional aim is to explore possibilities of preventing salt-related damage on internal masonry wall surfaces, such as using hemp-lime sacrificial plaster beneath the plaster.

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11

Maroušková, Aneta, and Jan Kubát. "SOLID BURNT BRICKS’ TENSILE STRENGTH." Acta Polytechnica CTU Proceedings 13 (November 13, 2017): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/app.2017.13.0075.

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This paper deals with experimental testing of solid burnt bricks and mortar in pure (axial) tension. The obtained working diagrams will be further use for a detailed numerical analysis of whole brick masonry column under concentric compressive load. Failure mechanism of compressed brick masonry column is characterized by the appearance and development of vertical tensile cracks in masonry units (bricks) passing in the direction of principal stresses and is accompanied by progressive growth of horizontal deformations. These cracks are caused by contraction and interaction between two materials

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12

Ainechi, Shahrzad, and Nima Valibeig. "Comparative and contrast study of Karbandie’s Masonry ribs brick arrangements." Curved and Layered Structures 7, no. 1 (2020): 166–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cls-2020-0013.

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AbstractKarbandies’ masonry ribs construction technology is influenced by form and size, on one hand, and traditional architects’ creativity, on the other hand. Some of the exclusive characteristics of construction techniques of Kar-bandies’ ribs are revealed, after investigating and identifying of some of traditional construction ways of them, investigating contemporary studies conducted in the field and comparing the methods. The masonry ribs have been built in different forms over time and such different forms result in formation of different construction technologies. The masonry ribs’ for

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13

Mazzotti, Claudio, Enrico Sassoni, Alessandro Bellini, Barbara Ferracuti, and Elisa Franzoni. "Strengthening of Masonry Elements by FRP: Influence of Brick Mechanical and Microstructural Properties." Key Engineering Materials 624 (September 2014): 330–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.624.330.

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In this paper, the effect of several brick and mortar mechanical and microstructural parameters on the maximum debonding force of the same glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP), applied on different bricks and on corresponding masonry panels, was investigated. GFRP sheets were bonded by epoxy resin to four different types of solid fired-clay brick and four types of masonry panels, manufactured using the same bricks and a natural hydraulic lime mortar. The reinforced specimens were subjected to bond tests to evaluate the maximum debonding force. Bricks and mortar were characterized in terms of

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14

Xu, Chun Yi, Ming Liu, and Bo Xu. "Experimental and Numerical Simulation Study on Compressive Performance of Autoclaved Fly Ash Perforated Brick Masonry Long Columns." Advanced Materials Research 243-249 (May 2011): 704–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.243-249.704.

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To study the influence of slenderness on the compressive bearing capacity of autoclaved fly ash perforated brick masonry long columns and provide experimental evidences for making corresponding technical code, compression tests were conducted on 9 autoclaved fly ash perforated brick masonrys long columns of different slenderness. The damage patterns and compression performance are analyzed. The experimental results indicate that compressive capacity decreases proportionally as slenderness increases and the proposed formula of axial compressive bearing capacity for autoclaved fly ash perforated

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15

Juta, Eshetu Mathewos. "Energy Absorption Capacity Of Rat-Trap Bond Masonry Under Base Excitation." Journal of University of Shanghai for Science and Technology 23, no. 11 (2021): 454–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.51201/jusst/21/11891.

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Brick masonry does not exhibit much capacity to resist lateral loads and hence the masonry suffers heavy damage during earthquakes, which impart lateral loads to structures. In the Bhuj earthquake of Jan 26, 2001, that occurred in majority of masonry structures failed because they were built with un-reinforced brick masonry. The EBC code of practice for brick masonry, suggests the use of lintel band and roof band that introduce a rigid box-type behavior which will help the structure to improve its performance against seismic loads. But there are no Codal provisions for use of Rat-Trap bond mas

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16

Pan, Lin, and Chun Han. "Research on the Performance of the Autoclaved Fly Ash Common Brick." Advanced Materials Research 424-425 (January 2012): 660–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.424-425.660.

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Based on the experimental study foundation of setting altogether 10 bearing axially loaded long column of the autoclaved fly ash solid bricks. We had a comparative analysis on the fly-ash common brick with existing norms. At last, we get that ultimate bearing experimental value of autoclaved fly ash-lime brick masonry is higher than Theoretical ultimate bearing through research and analysis. It was said that it is reliable to calculate the load-bearing capacity of autoclaved fly ash-lime brick and column by design standard formula of masonry.

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17

Sutandar, Erwin, Asep Supriyadi, and Cek Putera Andalan. "Effect of Cement Variation on Properties of CLC Concrete Masonry Brick." MATEC Web of Conferences 159 (2018): 01008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815901008.

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One of the methods used to reduce the weight of a construction is by reducing the weight of the walls of the building. In such a case, a wall made of red brick has a volume weight of 1,500–2,000 kg/m3, and concrete masonry bricks made of CLC have a volume weight of 400–1,800 kg/m3. So, in comparison, concrete masonry bricks have a volume weight that is ≤ 50% of that of red brick. In the manufacturing of concrete masonry bricks, one variant is CLC (Cellular Lightweight Concrete), produced using a mixture of cement, sand, chemical admixture and water, with the filler material in the form of air

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18

Nazimi, Karishma, Juan Jose Castro, Shogo Omi, and Mohammad Ajmal Stanikzai. "Investigating the Compressive Strength of Clay Brick Masonry: A Case Study of Nangarhar, Afghanistan." Buildings 14, no. 12 (2024): 3882. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14123882.

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In Afghanistan, masonry structures using burnt clay bricks have long been used for public and private buildings. However, still, there is no standard for masonry structural design based on local material properties. This study investigated the compressive strength of clay brick masonry prisms in Nangarhar, Afghanistan, through experimental testing and finite element modeling (FEM). Three brick classes, with compressive strengths between 8 and 14 MPa, were used to construct prism specimens. The research aimed to propose specific values for masonry compressive strength using local materials and

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19

Karhade, Pranjali. "Experimental Investigation of New Substitute Brick for Brick Bat Coba." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 09, no. 05 (2025): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem48386.

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Brick Bat Coba (BBC) is a popular traditional waterproofing method in India, which is mainly employed on flat concrete roofs. The efficacy of the system to a great extent relies on the masonry unit type employed in the system. This study examines the performance of different masonry units that is, Red Burnt Bricks, Fly Ash Bricks, and Autoclaved Aerated Concrete (AAC) Blocks, in BBC applications. By experimental testing and site observation, Red Burnt Bricks were discovered to possess better performance in durability, bonding strength, and water resistance and are very suitable for BBC. AAC Bl

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20

Qin, Kai, Wen Fang Zhang, and Li Jun Niu. "Analysis of Brick Wall’s Failure Modes under Earthquake Effect." Applied Mechanics and Materials 226-228 (November 2012): 1066–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.226-228.1066.

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Brick wall has large lateral sidesway stiffness and shear failure often occurs under horizontal earthquake effect, but the scourge surveys indicate that flexural failure can also occurs sometimes. Given that there are still few researches about masonry’s failure modes in China, Finite Element Models of non-reinforced brick masonry with different Depth-width Ratios and reinforced brick masonry whose Depth-width Ratio is 1.444 are established with the help of MSC.MARC to analyze its failure mode under horizontal action. The researching results indicate that: The larger the Depth-width Ratio of n

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21

Shen, Yueqian, Roderik Lindenbergh, Jinguo Wang, and Vagner G. Ferreira. "Extracting Individual Bricks from a Laser Scan Point Cloud of an Unorganized Pile of Bricks." Remote Sensing 10, no. 11 (2018): 1709. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs10111709.

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Bricks are the vital component of most masonry structures. Their maintenance is critical to the protection of masonry buildings. Terrestrial Light Detection and Ranging (TLidar) systems provide massive point cloud data in an accurate and fast way. TLidar enables us to sample and store the state of a brick surface in a practical way. This article aims to extract individual bricks from an unorganized pile of bricks sampled by a dense point cloud. The method automatically segments and models the individual bricks. The methodology is divided into five main steps: Filter needless points, brick boun

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22

Pruthvi Raj, G., Mehar B. Ravula, and Kolluru V. L. Subramaniam. "Failure in Clay Brick Masonry with Soft Brick under Compression: Experimental Investigation and Numerical Simulation." Key Engineering Materials 747 (July 2017): 472–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.747.472.

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An experimental investigation of compressive failure in masonry made of soft clay bricks is presented. The research attempts to address the concern of strong/stiff mortars available in the market today in combination with poor quality burnt clay bricks available in India. Masonry assemblages are tested to evaluate the influence of the relative strength of mortar on the observed damage evolution and compressive failure. Damage evolution associated with the formation and propagation of vertical splitting cracks during the compressive load response of masonry assemblages in the stack bonded arran

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23

Prusakova, Maria, Armen Mkrtchyan, and Evgeniy Pugach. "Enlarged brick blocks as an alternative to masonry." E3S Web of Conferences 157 (2020): 06033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015706033.

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Brick structures are one of the most common and useful construction materials. However, brick laying consists of the most labor-intensive processes with the largest part of manual works. The main purpose of the research is to find an alternative technology for the brick structures construction that have geometric and physical parameters of brickwork, the processes of which are less labor-intensive and more mechanized. Using factory-made enlarged brick blocks was suggested in the article as an alternative. A brick block is a factory - made element of a brick wall structure that is installed in

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24

P. Nandurkar, B., and Dr A. M. Pande. "Critical studies on bond strengths of masonry units." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4 (2018): 2250. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.15308.

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Performance of masonry is normally attributed to compressive strength of individual units, water absorption of individual units, strength of masonry mortar and the bond between mortar and individual units. Many researches in the past have contributed towards the bond strength and relevance of compressive strength of mortar in achieving good bonds. However, the quality of bricks available in India significantly vary from region the region. Thus, a need is felt in understanding bond strength of masonry. In this paper three types of mortars(total nine combinations), two types of bricks (red clay

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Afanador García, N., G. Guerrero Gómez, and C. Nolasco Serna. "Strength of the flexural joint of mortar joints and solid fired clay brick prisms." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2139, no. 1 (2021): 012017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2139/1/012017.

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Abstract Masonry constructions built with mortar and solid fired clay bricks are subject to: high cement content, excessive water-cement ratio causing problems of mortar shrinkage during curing and differential movements between the brick and mortar caused by movements due to wind or seismic events. Earth movements generate some failures in simple masonry walls and confined masonry in solid brick joints, mainly with failure inclination angles varying from 45 degrees to 50 degrees. The objective of this research work was to estimate the flexural bond strength of the mortar joint and the solid f

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Zavalis, Robertas, and Bronius Jonaitis. "EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF PULL OUT STRENGTH OF FLEXIBLE TIES IN THIN BRICK VENEER LAYER." Engineering Structures and Technologies 11, no. 4 (2020): 114–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/est.2019.12055.

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The use of thin brick veneer layers for building facades becomes more popular nowadays. Using thin bricks (50−65 mm thick) instead of normal 100−120 mm thick bricks let us to save expenses up to 50% related to materials. The connection of thin veneer layer with inner construction wall must be assured. Usually, the connection is fulfilled using flexible metal or composite ties. The main issue for this connection is tie pull out strength from thin brick masonry. This strength depends on type and construction of ties and it governs the number of ties need for facades. This article describes exper

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27

Liu, Hong Biao. "Earthquake Damage Forms of Multi-Story Brick Masonry Structure and their Mechanical Analysis." Advanced Materials Research 1065-1069 (December 2014): 1408–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1065-1069.1408.

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In order to know seismic damage characteristics of multi-story brick masonry structure and improve its seismic capability, five kinds of earthquake damage or collapse forms of multi-story masonry brick structure are summed up based on earthquake disaster survey, each of which is analyzed with mechanics. And the failure mechanism of each seismic damage form of multi-story brick masonry structure are proposed, which provides effective engineering experience for the seismic or anti-collapse design of multi-story masonry brick structure. The research has the important significance in improving the

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Kandymov, Nurmurat, Nor Fazilah Mohd Hashim, Syuhaida Ismail, and Serdar Durdyev. "Derivation of Empirical Relationships to Predict Cambodian Masonry Strength." Materials 15, no. 14 (2022): 5030. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15145030.

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Masonry material characteristics, such as compressive strength, and the relationship between brick, mortar, and masonry compressive strengths are required for the analysis and assessment of masonry structures. This paper aimed to investigate the compressive strength relationship of Cambodian masonry. A total number of 42 prisms were constructed in the laboratory using six different brick/mortar combinations. Two brick types, solid and hollow, and three—1:3, 1:4, and 1:6—cement–sand mortar combinations were used. The effects of brick and mortar strengths were analysed. Using regression analysis

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29

Li, Xin Zhong, Xue Ying Wei, and Jun Hai Zhao. "Homogenised Dynamic Material Model for Brick Masonry and Its Application." Advanced Materials Research 168-170 (December 2010): 528–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.168-170.528.

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Brick masonry is a traditional building material widely used loading-bearing or partition walls in various building structures. The detailed distinctive modelling of brick and mortar of a realistic masonry structure or a structure with masonry infilled walls are usually not possible due to the computational cost. In this paper, a homogenized dynamic material model which including the damage of brick and mortar and strain rate effect is developed based on dynamic test results of brick and mortar. The proposed homogenized material model was used in analysis of blast response of brick masonry wal

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30

Lee, Gayoon, Jun Hyoung Park, Khoa V. A. Pham, Chan Hee Lee, and Kihak Lee. "Experimental Investigation of Traditional Clay Brick and Lime Mortar Intended for Restoration of Cultural Heritage Sites." Applied Sciences 11, no. 13 (2021): 6228. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11136228.

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To properly restore masonry cultural heritage sites, the materials used for retrofitting can have a critical effect, and this requires standards for traditional Korean brick and lime mortar to be examined. This study experimentally investigated the material characteristics of Korean traditional bricks and two types of lime mortar (quicklime lumps and powdered hydrated lime) and the strength of masonry specimens made from those materials. Four different mixing ratios of lime, sand and white cement were considered as material parameters in this study. The experiment included uniaxial compressive

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Shenbagavalli, S., and Ramesh Babu Chokkalingam. "Flexural Strength of Fly ash Brick Masonry Wall with four different bond." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2070, no. 1 (2021): 012190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2070/1/012190.

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Abstract The strength of the masonry mainly depends on type of bond, types of bricks, compressive strength of the bricks and mortar used. The types of bonds play a major role in the properties of brick masonry wall. The most common types of bond used in practice are English bond, Flemish bond, Stretcher bond and Header bond. A lot of study has been performed on the load-carrying capacity of masonry walls. In this paper, effort has been taken to study the influence of different bonds on the flexural strength of the flyash brick masonry wall. For this wall of size 1m × 0.76m × 0.22m has been cas

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Gu, Song, Guo Ping Chen, and Shui Wen Zhu. "Mechanical Analysis of the Recycled Concrete Brick Masonry Wall under In-Plane Load." Advanced Materials Research 250-253 (May 2011): 278–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.250-253.278.

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The purpose of this paper was to investigate the mechanical behavior and failure mode of recycled concrete brick masonry wall under cycling in-plane load. These models of masonry walls were constructed in the laboratory and experimented under in-plane cycling load. The masonry wall was made of recycled concrete bricks joined by mortar, with gypsum lining on both faces. A simulation based on the experiment was carried out using the finite element software ANSYS. In the proposed FE model, the recycling concrete bricks and joints were modeled separately, allowing for nonlinear deformation charact

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Maurenbrecher, A. H. P., and G. T. Suter. "Frost damage to clay brick in a loadbearing masonry building." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 20, no. 2 (1993): 247–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l93-030.

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Frost damage in the exterior, loadbearing, clay brick walls of two 5-storey apartment buildings could have seriously affected their loadbearing capacity if left unchecked. A coating applied to the exterior had not stopped further damage from occurring. This paper describes the work to determine the cause of the damage. The work included a condition survey, tests on the brick, and monitoring temperature and moisture levels in a section of the wall. Bricks on an easterly exposure suffered the most damage. The cause was traced to poor quality bricks combined with water infiltration mainly from ra

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Haq, Md Zia ul, Hemant Sood, Rajesh Kumar, et al. "Eco-Friendly Building Material Innovation: Geopolymer Bricks from Repurposed Plastic Waste." E3S Web of Conferences 430 (2023): 01201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202343001201.

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This study compares the ecological footprints of geopolymer and red clay brick prisms, two common building materials for long-lasting masonry structures. The study’s goal is to shed light on the environmental performance of different brick kinds by a thorough review of sustainability indices such as embodied energy, CO2 emissions, water use, and trash creation. The results suggest that geopolymer bricks have better environmental features than red clay bricks, such as lower embodied energy, decreased CO2 emissions, lower water consumption, and less waste creation. These findings underline the p

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Foti, Dora, Michela Lerna, and Vitantonio Vacca. "Experimental Characterization of Traditional Mortars and Polyurethane Foams in Masonry Wall." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2018 (August 19, 2018): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8640351.

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Masonry is a composite material largely used in construction. It exhibits several advantages, including significant compressive strength, thermal inertia, and aesthetic beauty. A disadvantage of masonry is mainly related to the inadequate shear strength due to the poor capacity and ductility of the adopted mortar. This aspect is crucial in seismic areas. In this paper, the behavior of polyurethane foams, used as adhesives for the construction of thin joints brick masonry walls, has been investigated. First, the characterization of components was carried out, followed by laboratory uniaxial tes

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Ahmed, Asfandyar, Imad Ahmad, Khan Shahzada, et al. "Seismic Capacity Assessment of Confined Brick Masonry Building: An Experimental Approach." Shock and Vibration 2018 (2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4756352.

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Brick masonry is widely used for building construction throughout the world. However, unreinforced brick masonry buildings performed poorly in the 2005 Kashmir earthquake, in Pakistan, resulting in a decline in the use of brick masonry. In order to investigate and quantify the performance of brick masonry against the seismic forces by confining it through typical stiffer, line elements (column and beams), a full-scaled room model of an area 3048 × 3658 mm (10 × 12 ft) and height of 3353 mm (11 ft) was constructed using confined brick masonry. The model was tested under quasistatic loading syst

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Zhou, Xiao Jie, Jin Ke Song, Xu Liang Jiang, and Dan Dan Xu. "Experimental Study on Compressive Mechanical Performance of Fly-Ash Thermal Insulation Hollow Block Masonry." Applied Mechanics and Materials 488-489 (January 2014): 643–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.488-489.643.

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Non-autoclaved and non-sintered fly-ash perforated brick is a kind of new material for non-load-bearing walls. In order to promote the application of this new material in village and town buildings of seismic area, compression and shear strength of non-autoclaved and non-sintered fly-ash perforated brick masonry was tested and crack and failure progress was analyzed. The test results show that the failure processes and characteristics of the non-autoclaved and non-sintered fly-ash perforated brick masonry in compression and in shear are similar to that of the common brick masonry, however the

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Zhou, Xiaohai, Guylaine Desmarais, Peter Vontobel, Jan Carmeliet, and Dominique Derome. "Masonry brick–cement mortar interface resistance to water transport determined with neutron radiography and numerical modeling." Journal of Building Physics 44, no. 3 (2020): 251–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1744259120908967.

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Masonry is one of the most common building envelope systems in the world, providing an excellent water protection solution against rain. Water transport in masonry walls composed of bricks and mortar joints can be strongly affected by the nature of the interface between brick and mortar. In this study, two-dimensional water uptake experiments and numerical simulations are performed to study the effect of interface resistance on moisture transport in masonry samples with horizontal and vertical interfaces. Neutron radiography is used to document the time- and space-resolved moisture content dis

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Mehboob, Saqib, Mati ullah, Kashif Riaz, and Muhammad Saad. "Performance evaluation of mortarless brick masonry." Mehran University Research Journal of Engineering and Technology 41, no. 3 (2022): 14–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.22581/muet1982.2203.02.

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The rising cost of construction materials need to adhere alternate construction techniques and materials. Mud brick is one of the common and basic construction units since thousands of years. In this research study the bricks with mechanical interlocking mechanism are used for comparison over economical, sustainable, environment friendly and fast track construction especially for the flood and earthquake affected areas. Naturally destructive areas require quick rehabilitation of the displaced people. A parametric study has been performed in compassion with conventional brick masonry. Performan

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Setiawan, Yanuar, Eka Sasmita Mulya, and Andreas Rudi Hermawan. "KUAT GESER DINDING BATA RINGAN CELLULAR LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE (CLC) DENGAN PENAMBAHAN SERAT FIBER GLASSFIBER REINFORCED CEMENT (GRC) SEBAGAI PENGUAT THIN BED MORTAR." Construction and Material Journal 7, no. 1 (2025): 73–78. https://doi.org/10.32722/cmj.v7i1.6599.

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One alternative to replacing traditional red brick is lightweight brick, which is commonly used as a wall construction material. One of its main advantages is its light weight, which can help reduce overall construction costs. The reduced weight of the wall material allows for a decrease in the volume of structural elements needed. However, with advancements in material technology, there is a need to further improve the efficiency of lightweight bricks in terms of material usage and the quality of the masonry, particularly its shear strength. This research aims to analyze the optimal fiber pla

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Shrivastava, Dr Sunil Prasad. "A Review on Modes of Failure and Factors affecting the Strength of Brick Masonry." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 11 (2022): 870–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.47465.

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Abstract: The strength of masonry depends upon the strength of masonry units, mortar and the bond between them. The strength of the component materials is defined by standardized tests, which don’t necessarily reflect the state of stress in the component material in brickwork, but serve as index values in the selection of design stresses. This is only an empirical approach, which provides an acceptable basis for the structural design of brickwork. The approach is not altogether satisfactory as it gives little insight into the behavior of the brick mortar composite Research work has shown that

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Azam, Rizwan, Muhammad Rizwan Riaz, Ehtasham Ul Haq, Ayman Shihata, and Mohamed Zawam. "Development of Quality Assessment Criteria for Burnt Clay Bricks of Different Ages Based on Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Test." Buildings 12, no. 8 (2022): 1069. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12081069.

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Burnt clay bricks are widely used as a construction material in Pakistan, and their testing for quality confirmation is frequently needed for new and old bricks used in existing structures. The destructive testing methods are time-consuming and not always feasible for testing the bricks used in existing structures. The current study investigated the feasibility of using the ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) test as a non-destructive technique to assess the quality of both new and old bricks in masonry structures. A relationship was developed after performing the UPV test followed by a compressio

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Li, Wen Yang, Chun Juan Pan, and Yu Ming Men. "Failure Models of Buildings Affected by Xi’an Ground Fissure." Advanced Materials Research 168-170 (December 2010): 1513–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.168-170.1513.

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Based on surveys of buildings passing through ground fissures, failure and deformation characteristics of buildings are analyzed. Failure models of buildings under the influence of Xi’an ground fissures are proposed. By means of the simulations on PLASIX, taking for the f6 of ground fissures in Xi’an city, the variations of stress field and displacement field of the overlying soil layer which the normal fault qualitative ground fissures lead to are studied. It separately calculated out of the variation of the features of deformation, when brick masonry, block masonry and stone masonry act as s

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Mishra, Renu, and Praveen Kumar. "Behaviour of Masonry with Flyash Bricks." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1326, no. 1 (2024): 012083. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1326/1/012083.

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Abstract Bricks will always be needed for construction, but as land use intensifies, soil for making bricks will become scarcer. Though fly ash bricks are available from last few years, but the experimental data regarding behaviour of masonry made with such bricks are limited. In the realm of structural design, the compressive strength of masonry stands as a crucial property, while the modulus of elasticity under uniaxial compression assumes equal importance, particularly when addressing concerns related to the deformation of masonry structures. The aim of the experimental investigation report

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Dong, Zhen Ping, Cong Xia Hou, Xi Guang Liu, and Qing Lin Wang. "Durability Research on Masonry Structures of Historical Buildings in Xi’an Beilin Museum." Advanced Materials Research 250-253 (May 2011): 2428–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.250-253.2428.

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By the Xi'an Beilin Museum of Historic Buildings Survey durability of brick masonry and brick surface material X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the durability of historic buildings degradation of common brick, Environmental conditions and construction materials with different degree of degradation is a clear significant difference. According to the survey results, analysis of the durability of brick masonry deterioration of historic buildings causes and influencing factors, such as the future durability of brick masonry buildings to provide a reliable basis for restoration.

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Abbas, Safeer, Arslan Baig, Rashid Hameed, Syed Minhaj Saleem Kazmi, Muhammad Junaid Munir, and Sbahat Shaukat. "Manufacturing of Clay Bricks Using Hybrid Waste Marble Powder and Sugarcane Bagasse Ash: A Sustainable Building Unit." Sustainability 15, no. 20 (2023): 14692. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su152014692.

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In masonry construction, the most commonly used building unit all over the world is the burnt clay brick. Adding waste materials in certain percentages to these bricks helps in eliminating the environmental burden occurring in the form of excessive waste accumulation on open land sites, leading to sustainable and economical construction. This research program aimed to examine the feasibility of using waste marble powder (WMP) and sugarcane bagasse ash (SBA) in the manufacturing of clay bricks. WMP was collected from local marble cutting workshops, whereas SBA was prepared by burning the waste

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Amin, Faisal, Safeer Abbas, Wasim Abbass, et al. "Potential Use of Wastewater Treatment Plant Sludge in Fabrication of Burnt Clay Bricks." Sustainability 14, no. 11 (2022): 6711. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14116711.

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Water treatment plants produce a huge amount of sludge, which are ultimately disposed to the nearest water channel, leading to harmful effects. This unmanaged wastewater treatment plant sludge (WTS) results in social and environmental concerns. Therefore, the utilization of WTS in construction activities can be a viable option for the management of waste sludge, leading to sustainable infrastructures. The main aim of this study was to investigate the potential of WTS in the manufacturing of clay bricks at an industrial scale. WTS was procured from the Rawal Lake water treatment plant, Pakistan

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Tomar, Anshu, Dilip Kumar Paul, and Pankaj Agarwal. "Compression and Cyclic Shear Behavior of Lime Mortar Brick Masonry." Journal of Earthquake and Tsunami 11, no. 05 (2017): 1750015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793431117500154.

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Most of the British regime engineered heritage brick masonry in northern India is either purely in lime mortar or in lime-surkhi (crushed brick aggregate) mortar. Lime mortar constituting majorly of historical brick masonry stock and influences substantially the dynamic characteristics was investigated. The heritage buildings are highly vulnerable against seismic actions especially in the highly active tectonic regions of Himalayan foothills. Material properties of Historic Unreinforced Brick Masonry (HUBM) in lime mortar are critical to be evaluated for assessment but it is difficult to test

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Lei, Zhen, Hui Ma, Yumin Luo, Enmao Wang, Haiyan Huang, and Li Zhang. "Interfacial Bond Behavior of Clay Brick Masonry Strengthened with CFRP." Buildings 15, no. 5 (2025): 809. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15050809.

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This study investigates the interfacial bond behavior of clay brick masonry strengthened with carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) through single-side shear tests. Two specimen types (single bricks and masonry prisms) were tested under varying parameters, including bond length, bond width, mortar joints, and end anchorage. Experimental results revealed cohesive failure within the masonry substrate as the dominant failure mode. Mortar joints reduced bond strength by 12.1–24.6% and disrupted stress distribution, leading to discontinuous load–displacement curves and multiple strain peaks in CFR

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S., Divya, Nithya K., Manoj Kumar S., and Saravanakumar K. "EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF SOIL CEMENT BRICKS AND CHARACTERISTICS COMPRESSIVESTRENGTH OF BRICK MASONRY WALL." International Journal of Engineering Research and Modern Education Special Issue, April 2017 (2017): 226–34. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.574914.

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This research is intended to provide detailed technical and economic information on the production of compressed cement stabilised soil bricks. These include information on suitable soil types, local stabilisers, stabilization techniques, production of compressed stabilized soil bricks and their economical value and potential. Critical review of related literatures show that soil types, proportions between soil and stabilizer and compaction pressure applied to the moist soil mix affects the quality of the compressed soil brick. Since the soil used to manufacture the stabilized soil bricks are

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