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1
Atabay, Serter, and Galip Seckin. "Prediction of afflux on undistorted scale bridge model." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 36, no. 6 (June 2009): 1051–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l09-045.
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This paper presents the results and findings from several sets of experimental data on afflux around bridge waterways in overbank flow condition. The paper also investigates the accuracy, capability, and suitability of one-dimensional hydraulic river modelling software (HEC-RAS and ISIS) to model flow through bridge structure. To eliminate a scaling effect between the laboratory-scale experiments and model techniques, all experimental results were scaled up using an undistorted-scale model in which both the vertical and horizontal scale ratio was 100. A total of six methods of predicting afflux, the energy method, the momentum method, the water surface profile (WSPRO) method, Yarnell's method (in HEC-RAS), the U.S. Bureau of Public Roads (USBPR) method, and the arch bridge method (in ISIS) were compared with scaled up experimental results. The results for ISIS are significantly different from the measured data and the output from HEC-RAS. The energy method and the momentum method in HEC-RAS are the most accurate methods to compute the afflux around the bridge waterways.
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Agus, Indra, Munafri Alwys, Wisafri Wisafri, Dalrino Dalrino, Noftar Yolanda, and Welfi Yani. "Scour Depth Estimation on Abutment With HEC RAS and Some Empirical Equation." Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Sipil 17, no. 1 (April 30, 2020): 87–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.30630/jirs.17.1.271.
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Toe Scour around abutment will be very dangerous and cause loss of stability on the bridge. The case of structure failure on Batang Kalu bridge in Korong Pasa Usang Nagari Kayu Tanam, Padang Pariaman Regency on Monday (10 December 2018) is a clear example of toe scouring. A case study of toe scour was on the Batang Kalu River bridge structure has been carried out. Rainfall data closest to the study location, Kandang Empat Station was used to minimize the errors in the calculation of flood discharge design. Numerical modeling with HEC RAS and scouring estimation with some empiric equation was conducted to predicting scour depth on abutment. Simulation results show scour depth results to an average of 2.731 m and close to the scour depth that occurred in the field (2.83 m). Results showed that the local scouring in the Batang Kalu River bridge structure can be suspected as the influence of the increasing river steepness. Discharge that is triggered by heavy rain with a long duration and increased river flow velocity due to steepness has the potential to create a very intense scouring. Increasing of steepness may have been caused by sand mining activities in the upper reaches. Further studies are needed to see the potential slope changes due to exploitation in the Batang Kalu River upper reaches
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Pal, Mahesh, N. K. Singh, and N. K. Tiwari. "Kernel methods for pier scour modeling using field data." Journal of Hydroinformatics 16, no. 4 (November 13, 2013): 784–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2013.024.
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Three kernel-based modeling approaches are proposed to predict the local scour around bridge piers using field data. Modeling approaches include Gaussian processes regression (GPR), relevance vector machines (RVM) and a kernlised extreme learning machine (KELM). A dataset consisting of 232 upstream pier scour measurements derived from the Bridge Scour Data Management System (BSDMS) was used. The radial basis kernel function was used with all three kernel-based approaches and results were compared with support vector regression and four empirical relations. Coefficient of determination value of 0.922, 0.922 and 0.900 (root mean square error, RMSE = 0.297, 0.310 and 0.343 m) was achieved by GPR, RVM and KELM algorithm respectively. Comparisons of results with support vector regression and Froehlich equation, Froehlich design, HEC-18 and HEC-18/Mueller predictive equations suggest an improved performance by the proposed approaches. Results with dimensionless data using all three algorithms suggest a better performance by dimensional data.
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Ali, A. A., N. A. Al-Ansari, and S. Knutsson. "Morphology of Tigris River within Baghdad City." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 16, no. 10 (October 25, 2012): 3783–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-3783-2012.
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Abstract. In recent years, substantial changes have occurred in the morphology of the River Tigris within Baghdad City. Although huge volumes of sediment are being trapped in recently constructed headwater reservoirs, the number of islands in the Tigris at Baghdad is increasing. The debris of bridges destroyed in the wars of 1991 and 2003 and their subsequent reconstruction have enhanced the development of these islands. As a consequence the ability of the river to carry the peaks of flood waters has been reduced. This has led to potential increase of flooding in parts of the city. The bed of the River Tigris has been surveyed on three occasions (1976, 1991, and 2008). The most recent survey was conducted by the Ministry of Water Resources, extended 49 km from the Al-Muthana Bridge north Baghdad to the confluence with the Diyala River south Baghdad. It yielded cross-section profiles at 250 m intervals. The data are used to predict the maximum flood capacity for the river using the one-dimensional hydraulic model for steady flow "HEC-RAS" modeling. Calibration of the model was carried out using field measurements for water levels along the last 15 km of the reach and the last 10 yr of observation at the Sarai Baghdad gauging station. The model showed a significant predicted reduction in the current river capacity below that which the river had carried during the floods of 1971 and 1988. The three surveys conducted on the same reach of the Tigris indicated that the ability of the river to transport water has decreased.
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Santillan, J. R., A. M. Amora, M. Makinano-Santillan, J. T. Marqueso, L. C. Cutamora, J. L. Serviano, and R. M. Makinano. "ASSESSING THE IMPACTS OF FLOODING CAUSED BY EXTREME RAINFALL EVENTS THROUGH A COMBINED GEOSPATIAL AND NUMERICAL MODELING APPROACH." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B8 (June 24, 2016): 1271–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b8-1271-2016.
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In this paper, we present a combined geospatial and two dimensional (2D) flood modeling approach to assess the impacts of flooding due to extreme rainfall events. We developed and implemented this approach to the Tago River Basin in the province of Surigao del Sur in Mindanao, Philippines, an area which suffered great damage due to flooding caused by Tropical Storms Lingling and Jangmi in the year 2014. The geospatial component of the approach involves extraction of several layers of information such as detailed topography/terrain, man-made features (buildings, roads, bridges) from 1-m spatial resolution LiDAR Digital Surface and Terrain Models (DTM/DSMs), and recent land-cover from Landsat 7 ETM+ and Landsat 8 OLI images. We then used these layers as inputs in developing a Hydrologic Engineering Center Hydrologic Modeling System (HEC HMS)-based hydrologic model, and a hydraulic model based on the 2D module of the latest version of HEC River Analysis System (RAS) to dynamically simulate and map the depth and extent of flooding due to extreme rainfall events. The extreme rainfall events used in the simulation represent 6 hypothetical rainfall events with return periods of 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100 years. For each event, maximum flood depth maps were generated from the simulations, and these maps were further transformed into hazard maps by categorizing the flood depth into low, medium and high hazard levels. Using both the flood hazard maps and the layers of information extracted from remotely-sensed datasets in spatial overlay analysis, we were then able to estimate and assess the impacts of these flooding events to buildings, roads, bridges and landcover. Results of the assessments revealed increase in number of buildings, roads and bridges; and increase in areas of land-cover exposed to various flood hazards as rainfall events become more extreme. The wealth of information generated from the flood impact assessment using the approach can be very useful to the local government units and the concerned communities within Tago River Basin as an aid in determining in an advance manner all those infrastructures (buildings, roads and bridges) and land-cover that can be affected by different extreme rainfall event flood scenarios.
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Santillan, J. R., A. M. Amora, M. Makinano-Santillan, J. T. Marqueso, L. C. Cutamora, J. L. Serviano, and R. M. Makinano. "ASSESSING THE IMPACTS OF FLOODING CAUSED BY EXTREME RAINFALL EVENTS THROUGH A COMBINED GEOSPATIAL AND NUMERICAL MODELING APPROACH." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B8 (June 24, 2016): 1271–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b8-1271-2016.
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In this paper, we present a combined geospatial and two dimensional (2D) flood modeling approach to assess the impacts of flooding due to extreme rainfall events. We developed and implemented this approach to the Tago River Basin in the province of Surigao del Sur in Mindanao, Philippines, an area which suffered great damage due to flooding caused by Tropical Storms Lingling and Jangmi in the year 2014. The geospatial component of the approach involves extraction of several layers of information such as detailed topography/terrain, man-made features (buildings, roads, bridges) from 1-m spatial resolution LiDAR Digital Surface and Terrain Models (DTM/DSMs), and recent land-cover from Landsat 7 ETM+ and Landsat 8 OLI images. We then used these layers as inputs in developing a Hydrologic Engineering Center Hydrologic Modeling System (HEC HMS)-based hydrologic model, and a hydraulic model based on the 2D module of the latest version of HEC River Analysis System (RAS) to dynamically simulate and map the depth and extent of flooding due to extreme rainfall events. The extreme rainfall events used in the simulation represent 6 hypothetical rainfall events with return periods of 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100 years. For each event, maximum flood depth maps were generated from the simulations, and these maps were further transformed into hazard maps by categorizing the flood depth into low, medium and high hazard levels. Using both the flood hazard maps and the layers of information extracted from remotely-sensed datasets in spatial overlay analysis, we were then able to estimate and assess the impacts of these flooding events to buildings, roads, bridges and landcover. Results of the assessments revealed increase in number of buildings, roads and bridges; and increase in areas of land-cover exposed to various flood hazards as rainfall events become more extreme. The wealth of information generated from the flood impact assessment using the approach can be very useful to the local government units and the concerned communities within Tago River Basin as an aid in determining in an advance manner all those infrastructures (buildings, roads and bridges) and land-cover that can be affected by different extreme rainfall event flood scenarios.
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Lorenzo-Lacruz, Jorge, Arnau Amengual, Celso Garcia, Enrique Morán-Tejeda, Víctor Homar, Aina Maimó-Far, Alejandro Hermoso, Climent Ramis, and Romualdo Romero. "Hydro-meteorological reconstruction and geomorphological impact assessment of the October 2018 catastrophic flash flood at Sant Llorenç, Mallorca (Spain)." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 19, no. 11 (November 20, 2019): 2597–617. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-19-2597-2019.
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Abstract. An extraordinary convective rainfall event, unforeseen by most numerical weather prediction models, generated a devastating flash flood (305 m3 s−1) in the town of Sant Llorenç des Cardassar, Mallorca, on 9 October 2018. Four people died inside this village, while casualties were up to 13 over the entire affected area. This extreme event has been reconstructed by implementing an integrated flash flood modelling approach in the Ses Planes catchment up to Sant Llorenç (23.4 km2), based on three components: (i) generation of radar-derived precipitation estimates, (ii) modelling of accurate discharge hydrographs yielded by the catchment (using FEST and KLEM models), and (iii) hydraulic simulation of the event and mapping of affected areas (using HEC-RAS). Radar-derived rainfall estimates show very high agreement with rain gauge data (R2=0.98). Modelled flooding extent is in close agreement with the observed extension by the Copernicus Emergency Management Service, based on Sentinel-1 imagery, and both far exceed the extension for a 500-year return period flood. Hydraulic simulation revealed that water reached a depth of 3 m at some points, and modelled water depths highly correlate (R2=0.91) with in situ after-event measurements. The 9 October flash flood eroded and transported woody and abundant sediment debris, changing channel geomorphology. Water velocity greatly increased at bridge locations crossing the river channel, especially at those closer to the Sant Llorenç town centre. This study highlights how the very low predictability of this type of extreme convective rainfall events and the very short hydrological response times typical of small Mediterranean catchments continue to challenge the implementation of early warning systems, which effectively reduce people's exposure to flash flood risk in the region.
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Stucchi, Leonardo, Daniele Fabrizio Bignami, Daniele Bocchiola, Davide Del Curto, Andrea Garzulino, and Renzo Rosso. "Assessment of Climate-Driven Flood Risk and Adaptation Supporting the Conservation Management Plan of a Heritage Site. The National Art Schools of Cuba." Climate 9, no. 2 (January 23, 2021): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cli9020023.
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This work illustrates the contribution of flood risk assessment and adaptation to set up a conservation management plan for a masterpiece of 20th-century architecture. Case study is the iconic complex, internationally known as the National Art Schools of Cuba. It consists of five buildings built in the early 1960s within a park of Habana next to the Caribbean Sea. The path of the river (Rio Quibù) crossing the estate was modified to fit the landscape design. The complex has then been exposed to the risk of flooding. The School of Ballet, located in a narrow meander of the river, slightly upstream of a bridge and partially obstructing the flow, is particularly subject to frequent flash floods from the Rio Quibù, and it needs urgent restoration. Keeping ISA Modern is a project aimed at preserving the Schools complex. Based upon in situ surveys on the Rio Quibù and local area measurements during 2019, numerical modelling, and previous work by the Cuban National Institute of Hydraulic Resources, we pursued a flood risk analysis for the area, and a preliminary analysis of available risk reduction strategies. Using HEC-RAS 2D software for hydraulic modelling, we evaluated the flooded area and the hydraulic conditions (flow depth, velocity) for floods with given return periods. Our results show that SB is a building most subject to flooding, with high levels of risk. Defense strategies as designed by Cuban authorities may include a (new) wall around the School of Ballet and widening of the river channel, with high impact and cost, although not definitive. Temporary, light, permanent, and low cost/impact flood proofing structures may be used with similar effectiveness. We demonstrate that relatively little expensive hydraulic investigation may aid flood modelling and risk assessment in support of conservation projects for historically valuable sites. This may support brainstorming and the selection of (low to high cost) adaptation and risk reduction measures in the coastal areas of Cuba in response to ever increasing extreme storms and sea level rise controlling flood dynamics under transient climate change.
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Ehsan, Saqib, Sohail Afzal, Muhammad Usman, Maaz Rasheed, and Waqas Jamil. "Dam Break Modeling by using HEC-RAS." NFC-IEFR Journal of Engineering and Scientific Research 4, no. 1 (December 30, 2016): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.24081/nijesr.2016.1.0006.
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., Sunil Kute. "FLOOD MODELING OF RIVER GODAVARI USING HEC-RAS." International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology 03, no. 21 (June 25, 2014): 81–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.15623/ijret.2014.0321017.
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Billy, Dwinanti R. Marthanty, and Jessica Sjah. "Validation of Bridge Scour HEC RAS Model Using Propagation Error Analysis." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 690 (December 6, 2019): 012020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/690/1/012020.
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Mehta, Darshan J., and S. M. Yadav. "Analysis of scour depth in the case of parallel bridges using HEC-RAS." Water Supply 20, no. 8 (October 15, 2020): 3419–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2020.255.
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Abstract Scour is now one of the main problems for river as well as for coastline engineering. Bridges are the vital structures which must be designed to prevent failure against the effects of scour. Scour holes can occur without warning and cause the failure of a bridge. The main significant issues in hydraulic and river engineering are to determine the connection between parameters affecting the maximum and minimum depth of scour. The scour depth in the alluvial stream below a river bed differs based on the flows, pier shape, pier size and sediment characteristics. Dual bridges of basically the same structure are placed parallel to and only a small distance away from an existing bridge, either on the upstream or downstream side. Naturally, the backwater generated by dual bridges is bigger than that of a single bridge but lower than the value resulting from separate consideration of the two bridges. In the present work, an hydraulic model is used to simulate the stability of a bridge in the study area, namely ‘Sardar Bridge’ on the Tapi river. Scour profiles for various flood events have been assessed for a particular bridge. The velocity of flow is used to estimate depths of scour at different piers and abutments. Estimating depth of the scour during the design can significantly decrease the overall cost of bridge foundation construction. Results from the present study show that construction of a new bridge should be proposed on the upstream side rather than downside side of the existing bridge. By doing so, hydraulic stability of the existing bridge is ensured.
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Cho, Huidae, Tien Yee, and Joonghyeok Heo. "Automated Floodway Determination Using Particle Swarm Optimization." Water 10, no. 10 (October 10, 2018): 1420. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10101420.
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The floodway plays an important role in flood modeling. In the United States, the Federal Emergency Management Agency requires the floodway to be determined using an approved computer program for developed communities. It is a local government’s interest to minimize the floodway area because encroachment areas may be permitted for human activities. However, manual determination of the floodway can be time-consuming and subjective depending on the modeler’s knowledge and judgments, and may not necessarily produce a small floodway especially when there are many cross sections because of their correlation. Very little work has been done in terms of floodway optimization. In this study, we propose an optimization method for minimizing the floodway area using the Isolated-Speciation-based Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm and the Hydrologic Engineering Center’s River Analysis System (HEC-RAS). This method optimizes the floodway by defining an objective function that considers the floodway area and hydraulic requirements, and automating operations of HEC-RAS. We used a floodway model provided by HEC-RAS and compared the proposed, manual, and default HEC-RAS methods. The proposed method consistently improved the objective function value by 1–40%. We believe that this method can provide an automated tool for optimizing the floodway model using HEC-RAS.
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Sabău, Daniel, and Gheorghe Șerban. "Arch dam failure preliminary analysis using HEC-RAS and HEC-GEO RAS modeling. Case study Someșul Rece 1 reservoir." Forum geografic XVII, no. 1 (June 30, 2018): 44–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5775/fg.2018.058.i.
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Subedi, Abhijit, Suresh Sharma, Anwarul Islam, and Niraj Lamichhane. "Quantification of the Effect of Bridge Pier Encasement on Headwater Elevation Using HEC-RAS." Hydrology 6, no. 1 (March 19, 2019): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/hydrology6010025.
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The deterioration of bridge substructure is a serious concern across the United States. The pier encasement is one of the most common practices for repairing and strengthening the bridge substructure. It is a rehabilitation process of existing pile piers during the repair or replacement of the bridge superstructure, which involves enclosing part of an existing pile pier with a polyethylene or PVC pipe large enough to provide at least three inches of concrete cover over the existing pier when filled. However, this process of enclosing pile piers might elevate water level due to increase in pier width, which could be hazardous in high-risk flood zones. Furthermore, it may create an adverse impact on the stability of the bridge due to scouring around the pier foundation. In order to gain knowledge on the backwater effect due to pile encasement, Hydraulic Engineering Center-River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) was used in this research to perform hydraulic simulations near the bridge sites. These simulations were carried out for various channel configurations and pier sizes with a wide range of flows, which resulted into 224 HEC-RAS models in order to investigate the effects of pile pier encasement on the headwater elevation. This study demonstrated that the water elevation measured in the upstream of the bridge showed no-rise condition, especially for wider channel sections with flatter slopes. However, the water elevation at the immediate upstream of the bridge was slightly higher, and the increasing pattern was only noticeable for a smaller channel width (20 ft), and specifically, for increased flow rate. As the area of flow was decreased resulting in increased water surface elevation due to encasement, a generic power equation in the form of Y = aXb was suggested for various channel slopes for the increased water surface elevation (Y) for each percentage decrease in channel area (X).
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Sheverdyaev, I. V., S. V. Berdnikov, and A. V. Kleschenkov. "HEC-RAS USING FOR HYDROLOGIC REGIME MODELING ON THE DON’S DELTA." Ecology. Economy. Informatics.System analysis and mathematical modeling of ecological and economic systems. 1, no. 2 (2017): 113–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.23885/2500-395x-2017-1-2-113-122.
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Azouagh, Amina, Rabei El Bardai, Ismael Hilal, and Jamal Stitou el Messari. "Integration of GIS and HEC-RAS in Floods Modeling of Martil River (Northern Morocco)." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 14, no. 12 (April 30, 2018): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2018.v14n12p130.
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This work describes the application of Hec-RASas Hydrologic Engineering Center derived River Analysis System model to the establishmentof floodplain maps for Martil river. Modeling with Hec-Ras enables calculation of, among other variables, water levels, depths and flow velocities for the different flow configurations and different cross-sectional zones along Martil River, i. e., from the confluence with the Lakhmiss and Mhajrat rivers to discharge into the Mediterranean Sea. This investigation, therefore, presents flood mapping and classification of risk areas using the Hec-GeoRas and Hec-Ras hydraulic modelling tools integrated into the Arcgis information system. The results indicate that the use of aerial photographsprovidesa good knowledge of the morphology and physical characteristics of the river, which will help decision makers to prevent floodingin the urban area of Tetuan.
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Tigor Oktaga, Andreas, Suripin Suripin, and Suseno Darsono. "Perbandingan Hasil Pemodelan Aliran Satu Dimensi Unsteady Flow dan Steady Flow pada Banjir Kota." MEDIA KOMUNIKASI TEKNIK SIPIL 21, no. 1 (June 8, 2016): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/mkts.v21i1.11229.
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One dimensional flow is often used as a flood simulation for the planning capacity of the river. Flood is a type of unsteady non-uniform flow, that can be simulated using HEC-RAS. HEC-RAS software is often used for flood modeling with a one-dimensional flow method. Unsteady flow modeling results in HEC-RAS sometimes refer to error and warning due to unstable analysis program. The stability program among others influenced bend in the river flow, the steep slope of the river bottom, and changes in cross-section shape. Because the flood handling required maximum discharge and maximum flood water level, then a steady flow is often used as an alternative to simulate the flood flow. This study aimed to determine the advantages and disadvantages of modeling unsteady non-uniform and steady non-uniform flow. The research location in the Kanal Banjir Barat, in the Semarang City. Hydraulics modeling uses HEC-RAS 4.1 and for discharge the plan is obtained from the HEC-HMS 3.5. Results of the comparison modeling hydraulics the modeling of steady non-uniform flow has a tendency water level is higher and modeling of unsteady non-uniform flow takes longer to analyze. Results of the comparison the average flood water level maximun is less than 15% (± 0,3 meters), that is 0.27 meters (13.16%) for Q50, 0.25 meters (11.56%) for Q100, dan 0.16 meters (4.73%) for Q200. So the modeling steady non-uniform flow can still be used as a companion version the modeling unsteady non-uniform flow.
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Praskievicz, Sarah, Shawn Carter, Juzer Dhondia, and Michael Follum. "Flood-inundation modeling in an operational context: sensitivity to topographic resolution and Manning's n." Journal of Hydroinformatics 22, no. 5 (August 10, 2020): 1338–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2020.005.
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Abstract Streamflow forecasts from operational hydrologic models can be converted into forecasts of flood-inundation extent using either physically based hydraulic models or simpler terrain-based approaches. Two factors that influence simulated flood-inundation extent are spatial resolution of topographic data and in-channel and overland-flow roughness characterized by the Manning's n parameter. Here, AutoRoute, a raster-based flood-inundation model, was used to simulate two recent flood events in Florida (a forested floodplain) and Texas (an urban floodplain) using two different topographic resolutions and a range of Manning's n values. The AutoRoute-simulated flood-inundation extents were evaluated using observed extents from remotely sensed imagery. For comparison, the same flood events were also simulated using a one-dimensional Hydrologic Engineering Center River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) model. Results indicated that model performance was much improved with higher topographic resolution for the forested floodplain site and that the urban site was more sensitive to Manning's n. For the three different rivers analyzed, the fit for HEC-RAS was 5–10% higher than that for AutoRoute. Despite being only slightly less accurate than HEC-RAS in its simulation of flood extent, AutoRoute was much simpler to set up and required less computational time to run.
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Issam, Boukhanef, Anna Khadzhidi, Lyudmila Kravchenko, Yuri Tsarev, Leonid Groshev, and Oleg Polushkin. "Flood risk management in Allala River (Algeria) using Flood frequency analysis and hydraulic modeling." E3S Web of Conferences 135 (2019): 01093. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913501093.
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The objective of flood frequency analysis (FFA) is to associate flood intensity with a probability of exceedance and for making probabilistic estimates of a future flood event in Allala basin based on the historical discharge record at Sidi Akkacha gauging station, the peak floods discharge of Allala river for 5, 10, 50, 100 years return period are estimated using exponential distribution and the stage at different position of river are calculated using HEC RAS model . Based on the modeling study carried out considering 62 cross sections for 8 km length of river, The Output HEC-RAS model show that the existing embankments system on the banks of Allala River is not sufficient to resist the peak flood discharge of 100 years return period, water level profile shows that a maximum of 1.25m in left bank((at 1.2 km downstream) is needed to protect the inundation of the low laying areas of Old tenes.
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Garcia, Matthew, Andrew Juan, and Philip Bedient. "Integrating Reservoir Operations and Flood Modeling with HEC-RAS 2D." Water 12, no. 8 (August 12, 2020): 2259. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12082259.
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Current free to use models developed by the United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) perform unique functions (e.g., hydrology, hydraulics, reservoir operations, and flood impact analysis) that are widely used in numerous studies and applications. These models are commonly set up in a framework that is limited to point source connections, which is problematic in regions with flat topography and complex hydrodynamics. The separate models need to be integrally linked and jointly considered for accurate risk communication and decision-making, especially during major storm events. Recently, Hurricane Harvey (2017) exposed the shortcomings of the existing framework in West Harris County, TX, where an insufficient understanding of potential flood risk and impacts contributed to the extensive flood damages sustained in the region. This work illustrates the possibility of using a single hydraulic model, HEC-RAS 2D, to perform all hydrologic, hydraulic, and reservoir operations modeling necessary for accurate flood impact assessments. Implications of this study include a simplification of the entire flood impact analysis, which could help future flood risk communication and emergency planning.
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Hirpessa, Yerosan Abera, and Ing Dereje Hailu. "ASSESSMENT OF FAILURE ON DRAINAGE STRUCTURES ALONG THE ETHIOPIAN NATIONAL RAILWAY LINE OF SEBETA-MIESO (CASE STUDY OF AKAKI RIVER CROSSING DRAINAGE STRUCTURE)." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 7, no. 9 (September 30, 2019): 123–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v7.i9.2019.568.
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A railway drainage system gives vital role for effective, efficient operation of rail track. This study worked on an assessment of railway drainage system problem along the Addis Ababa- Mieso railway line, specifically on Akaki rives crossing. It was done to check adequacy of hydraulic structure provided on Akaki River crossing by undertaking hydrologic and hydraulic analysis.
Hydrologic modeling of the Akaki catchment area was developed by HEC-GeoHMS program with the help of Arc-GIS and hydrologic analysis was computed by HEC-HMS program. The catchment land use, soil type, rainfall data, Akaki river stream flow data, etc were used to develop hydrological model. SCS unit hydrograph and flood frequency analysis methods were used to estimate instantaneous peak design discharge for 50 and 100 year return period. Model input parameters were calibrated and verified with observed flow data of the river at Akaki gauging station.
Hydraulic models were developed by HEC-RAS step-backwater to determine water-surface profiles for the bridge. Cross-sectional elevation data, hydraulic-structure geometries, roughness coefficients along with peak-discharge esti¬mated were used as input for the model.
Finally, adequacy of the bridge was evaluated where the bridge was hydraulically efficient over its design period.
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Tahmasbine, Hadi, Mehdi Feyzolahpo, Mehdi Mumipour, and Fatemeh Zakerhosei. "Rainfall-runoff Simulation and Modeling of Karun River Using HEC-RAS and HEC-HMS Models, Izeh District, Iran." Journal of Applied Sciences 12, no. 18 (September 1, 2012): 1900–1908. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jas.2012.1900.1908.
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Mihu-Pintilie, Alin, Cătălin Ioan Cîmpianu, Cristian Constantin Stoleriu, Martín Núñez Pérez, and Larisa Elena Paveluc. "Using High-Density LiDAR Data and 2D Streamflow Hydraulic Modeling to Improve Urban Flood Hazard Maps: A HEC-RAS Multi-Scenario Approach." Water 11, no. 9 (September 3, 2019): 1832. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11091832.
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The ability to extract streamflow hydraulic settings using geoinformatic techniques, especially in high populated territories like urban and peri-urban areas, is an important aspect of any disaster management plan and flood mitigation effort. 1D and 2D hydraulic models, generated based on DEMs with high accuracy (e.g., Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR)) and processed in geographic information systems (GIS) modeling software (e.g., HEC-RAS), can improve urban flood hazard maps. In this study, we present a small-scale conceptual approach using HEC-RAS multi-scenario methodology based on remote sensing (RS), LiDAR data, and 2D hydraulic modeling for the urban and peri-urban area of Bacău City (Bistriţa River, NE Romania). In order to test the flood mitigation capacity of Bacău 1 reservoir (rB1) and Bacău 2 reservoir (rB2), four 2D streamflow hydraulic scenarios (s1–s4) based on average discharge and calculated discharge (s1–s4) data for rB1 spillway gate (Sw1) and for its hydro-power plant (H-pp) were computed. Compared with the large-scale flood hazard data provided by regional authorities, the 2D HEC-RAS multi-scenario provided a more realistic perspective about the possible flood threats in the study area and has shown to be a valuable asset in the improvement process of the official flood hazard maps.
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Tarar, Zeeshan Riaz, Sajid Rashid Ahmad, Iftikhar Ahmad, Shabeh ul Hasson, Zahid Mahmood Khan, Rana Muhammad Ali Washakh, Sardar Ateeq-Ur-Rehman, and Minh Duc Bui. "Effect of Sediment Load Boundary Conditions in Predicting Sediment Delta of Tarbela Reservoir in Pakistan." Water 11, no. 8 (August 18, 2019): 1716. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11081716.
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Setting precise sediment load boundary conditions plays a central role in robust modeling of sedimentation in reservoirs. In the presented study, we modeled sediment transport in Tarbela Reservoir using sediment rating curves (SRC) and wavelet artificial neural networks (WA-ANNs) for setting sediment load boundary conditions in the HEC-RAS 1D numerical model. The reconstruction performance of SRC for finding the missing sediment sampling data was at R2 = 0.655 and NSE = 0.635. The same performance using WA-ANNs was at R2 = 0.771 and NSE = 0.771. As the WA-ANNs have better ability to model non-linear sediment transport behavior in the Upper Indus River, the reconstructed missing suspended sediment load data were more accurate. Therefore, using more accurately-reconstructed sediment load boundary conditions in HEC-RAS, the model was better morphodynamically calibrated with R2 = 0.980 and NSE = 0.979. Using SRC-based sediment load boundary conditions, the HEC-RAS model was calibrated with R2 = 0.959 and NSE = 0.943. Both models validated the delta movement in the Tarbela Reservoir with R2 = 0.968, NSE = 0.959 and R2 = 0.950, NSE = 0.893 using WA-ANN and SRC estimates, respectively. Unlike SRC, WA-ANN-based boundary conditions provided stable simulations in HEC-RAS. In addition, WA-ANN-predicted sediment load also suggested a decrease in supply of sediment significantly to the Tarbela Reservoir in the future due to intra-annual shifting of flows from summer to pre- and post-winter. Therefore, our future predictions also suggested the stability of the sediment delta. As the WA-ANN-based sediment load boundary conditions precisely represented the physics of sediment transport, the modeling concept could very likely be used to study bed level changes in reservoirs/rivers elsewhere in the world.
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Gruss, Łukasz, Robert Głowski, and Mirosław Wiatkowski. "Modeling of water flows through a designed dry dam using the HEC-RAS program." ITM Web of Conferences 23 (2018): 00012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20182300012.
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In the designing water reservoirs, information on flood control it’s necessary to make the right technical decisions related to the safe use of reservoirs, human life and the natural environment in the areas below the reservoirs.The hydrological data of a given river profile (stages and discharges) is important for the planning, hydraulic modeling of the reservoir and its exploitation. In the last years of the twentieth and twenty-first century in Central Europe, many floods of different intensity and extent have occurred on the Odra River and its tributaries. Therefore, the increasing extreme natural phenomena, like a violent floods and long droughts, mean that the importance of hydrotechnical constructions increases. One of the planned investments, which is to minimize the effects of the flood by collecting a flood wave on the Osobłoga River is the dry dam named Racławice Śląskie. According to Polish law, model researches are required for the 1st and 2nd class of hydrotechnical constructions. Considering research models, not only physical models are used, but also hydroinformatic programs for the numeric model, like HEC-RAS. These programs enable modeling based on hydrometric measurements of rivers. The aim of the work is to model the discharges using the HEC-RAS program after analysis of the hydrological data. Analyzes and modeling were made of the planned reservoir – the dry dam across the Osobłoga River, Racławice Śląskie profil in the Opolskie Province, in Poland.
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Mohammed Abdulatif, Thabet, and Ruaa Riyad Rhmaan. "MODELING OF ONE DIMENSIONAL FLOW OVER SEMICIRCLE CRESTED WEIR PROFILE USING (HEC-RAS) PROGRAM." Diyala Journal of Engineering Sciences 10, no. 2 (June 1, 2017): 48–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.24237/djes.2017.10205.
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Jha, Manoj, and Sayma Afreen. "Flooding Urban Landscapes: Analysis Using Combined Hydrodynamic and Hydrologic Modeling Approaches." Water 12, no. 7 (July 14, 2020): 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12071986.
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The frequency and severity of floods have been found to increase in recent decades, which have adverse effects on the environment, economics, and human lives. The catastrophe of such floods can be confronted with the advance prediction of floods and reliable analyses methods. This study developed a combined flood modeling system for the prediction of floods, and analysis of associated vulnerabilities on urban infrastructures. The application of the method was tested on the Blue River urban watershed in Missouri, USA, a watershed of historical significance for flood impacts and abundance of data availability for such analyses. The combined modeling system included two models: hydrodynamic model HEC-RAS (Hydrologic Engineering Center—River Analysis System) and hydrologic model SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool). The SWAT model was developed for the watershed to predict time-series hydrograph data at desired locations, followed by the setup of HEC-RAS model for the analysis and prediction of flood extent. Both models were calibrated and validated independently using the observed data. The well-calibrated modeling setup was used to assess the extent of impacts of the hazard by identifying the flood risk zones and threatened critical infrastructures in flood zones through inundation mapping. Results demonstrate the usefulness of such combined modeling systems to predict the extent of flood inundation and thus support analyses of management strategies to deal with the risks associated with critical infrastructures in an urban setting. This approach will ultimately help with the integration of flood risk assessment information in the urban planning process.
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Huţanu, Elena, Alin Mihu-Pintilie, Andrei Urzica, Larisa Elena Paveluc, Cristian Constantin Stoleriu, and Adrian Grozavu. "Using 1D HEC-RAS Modeling and LiDAR Data to Improve Flood Hazard Maps Accuracy: A Case Study from Jijia Floodplain (NE Romania)." Water 12, no. 6 (June 6, 2020): 1624. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12061624.
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The ability to extract flood hazard settings in highly vulnerable areas like populated floodplains by using new computer algorithms and hydraulic modeling software is an important aspect of any flood mitigation efforts. In this framework, the 1D/2D hydraulic models, which were generated based on a Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) derivate Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and processed within Geographical Information Systems (GIS), can improve large-scale flood hazard maps accuracy. In this study, we developed the first flood vulnerability assessment for 1% (100-year) and 0.1% (1000-year) recurrence intervals within the Jijia floodplain (north-eastern Romania), based on 1D HEC-RAS hydraulic modeling and LiDAR derivate DEM with 0.5 m spatial resolution. The results were compared with official flood hazards maps developed for the same recurrence intervals by the hydrologists of National Administration “Romanian Waters” (NARW) based on MIKE SHE modeling software and a DEM with 2 m spatial resolutions. It was revealed that the 1D HEC-RAS provides a more realistic perspective about the possible flood threats within Jijia floodplain and improves the accuracy of the official flood hazard maps obtained according to Flood Directive 2007/60/EC.
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Al Amin, Muhammad Baitullah, Reini Silvia Ilmiaty, and Ayu Marlina. "Flood Hazard Mapping in Residential Area Using Hydrodynamic Model HEC-RAS 5.0." Geoplanning: Journal of Geomatics and Planning 7, no. 1 (July 7, 2020): 25–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/geoplanning.7.1.25-36.
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The flood hazard rating is one of the essential variables in flood risk analysis. The identification of flood-prone areas urgently requires information about flood hazard zones. This research explains the method to develop flood hazard map by using hydrodynamic modeling in the residential areas. The hydrodynamic model used in this research is HEC-RAS 5.0, which can simulate the one- and two-dimensional flow regimes. The study area is Bukit Sejahtera and Tanjung Rawa residences located in Palembang City with a total area of about 200 ha, where the Lambidaro River was frequently overflowing caused flood inundation in the area. There are five indicators of flood hazard being analyzed, i.e., 1) flood depth, 2) flow velocity, 3) energy head, 4) flow force, which is the result of multiplication between flood depth and the square of flow velocity, and 5) intensity, which is the result of multiplication between flood depth and the flow velocity. The simulation results show that the flood hazard rating in the study area ranges from high to low level. The zones with a high flood hazard rating are dominated by the area around or near to the river, whereas the further zones have a moderate and low level of flood hazard rating. The flood depth indicator has a more significant influence than the flow velocity on the flood hazard level in the study area. This research is expected can contribute to the development of flood map and flood control methods in advance.
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Pinos, Juan, Luis Timbe, and Edison Timbe. "Evaluation of 1D hydraulic models for the simulation of mountain fluvial floods: a case study of the Santa Bárbara River in Ecuador." Water Practice and Technology 14, no. 2 (February 28, 2019): 341–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2019.018.
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Abstract River flooding is a key topic for water managers because of the social and economic losses it can cause. The complex topography and dynamics of mountain rivers has limited the analysis of their behavior during flood events (e.g., sediment transport, flooding). This study aims to test the performance of three hydraulic 1D models (HEC-RAS, MIKE 11, and Flood Modeller) to estimate inundation water levels for a mountain river. The evaluation of these models was performed considering steady state conditions through 10 scenarios, i.e. five discharge return periods, and two types of cross sections data: (a) type I, a detailed field survey complemented with information extracted from DEM, derived from LiDAR; and (b) type II, cross sections exclusively derived from the DEM. The research was conducted for a reach of 5 km of the Santa Bárbara River, with an average slope of 0.25%. HEC-RAS model results for cross sections type I, were previously validated and therefore used as reference for comparison between other models and scenarios. The goodness-of-fit between models was measured based on the Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency coefficient (EF). The main goal of the current study was to determine the variability of inundation level results compared with a validated model as reference, using the same input data for the three modeling packages. Our analysis shows that, when using cross section type I, the evaluated modeling packages yield similar results (EF were between 0.94 and 0.99). On the other hand, the goodness of fit decreased when using type II data, with an average EF of 0.98 (HEC-RAS), 0.88 (Flood Modeller) and 0.85 (MIKE 11) when compared to the reference model. The authors conclude that it is highly recommend for practitioners to use geometric data type I instead of type II in order to obtain similar performance in the tested models. Only HEC-RAS type II has the same performance as type I models (average EF of 0.98).
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Agus, Indra, Dalrino, Sadtim, Munafri Alwys, and Noftar Yolanda. "Numerical Modeling With HEC RAS and Scour Empiric Equation To Estimating Scour Depth on Abutment (Batang Kalu River Bridge Case)." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 846 (May 28, 2020): 012072. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/846/1/012072.
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Lee, Kwan Tun, Yao-Hsien Ho, and Yuh-Ju Chyan. "Bridge Blockage and Overbank Flow Simulations Using HEC–RAS in the Keelung River during the 2001 Nari Typhoon." Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 132, no. 3 (March 2006): 319–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9429(2006)132:3(319).
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Harkat, N., S. Chaouche, and M. Bencherif. "Flood Hazard Spatialization Applied to The City of Batna: A Methodological Approach." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 10, no. 3 (June 7, 2020): 5748–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.3429.
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Flood flows can cause destruction to properties and infrastructure or even cost human lives. Batna is an Algerian city that is highly exposed to the risk of flooding, with an average of one flood every three to four years. The current methods utilized to analyze flood hazards are limited to the hydrology of the watershed. Limiting the analysis of flood hazards could mislead the decision-makers from proper management of such risks. The objective of the current study is to propose a simplified flood hazard model called HEC RAS-DTM (Hydrologic Engineering Centers River Analysis System (HEC RAS)-Digital Terrain Model (DTM)) and to evaluate it utilizing data gathered from the hydrological context and the hydraulic modeling of Batna city. The model entails two distinct phases. Initially, it attempts to use descriptive statistical methods based mainly on frequency analysis, which consists of studying flood flows in order to determine the probability of future flood occurrence. The analysis of the hydrological context of the city of Batna has revealed that peak flows from stream floods have been predicted at various return periods. Subsequently, HEC RAS was deployed to produce hydraulic modeling in order to extract the water heights and speeds corresponding to these expected flows. These data, along with DTM, are crucial for the spatialization of flood hazards. The hydraulic modeling and simulation using HEC-RAS and Geographic Information System (ArcGIS) of water flow at the two main valleys, Oued Batna and Oued El Gourzi, allowed predicting the extent of flooding that could occupy a large part of the city. The mapping of the flood hazard revealed the sectors that would be most exposed. The results obtained from the suggested model confirm that a significant portion of the city of Batna remains vulnerable to floods in relevance with the predicted flood return periods. The suggested model has indicated significant growth in flood locality. Additionally, the model was proved to be efficient for the analysis of flood flows, and it could easily substitute conventional analysis methods. Further studies or investigations are advised in order to replicate the study in different contexts. The article entails suggestions for properly managing flood risks. Future studies on flood risk alleviation in Batna city could be likewise considered.
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Urzică, Andrei, Alin Mihu-Pintilie, Cristian Constantin Stoleriu, Cătălin Ioan Cîmpianu, Elena Huţanu, Claudiu Ionuţ Pricop, and Adrian Grozavu. "Using 2D HEC-RAS Modeling and Embankment Dam Break Scenario for Assessing the Flood Control Capacity of a Multi-Reservoir System (NE Romania)." Water 13, no. 1 (December 30, 2020): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13010057.
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Using hydraulic modeling techniques (e.g., one-dimensional/two-dimensional (1D/2D) hydraulic modeling, dam break scenarios) for extracting the flood settings is an important aspect of any action plan for dam failure (APDF) and flood mitigation strategy. For example, the flood hydraulic models and dam break scenario generated based on light detection and ranging (LiDAR)-derived digital elevation models (DEMs) and processed in the dedicated geographic information systems (GIS) and hydraulic modeling software (e.g., HEC-RAS—Hydrologic Engineering Center River Analysis System, developed by USACE HEC, Davis, CA, USA) can improve the flood hazard maps in case of potentially embankment dam failure. In this study, we develop a small-scale conceptual approach using 2D HEC-RAS software according to the three embankment dam break scenarios, LiDAR data (0.5 m spatial resolution), and 2D hydraulic modeling for the Başeu multi-reservoir system which belongs to the Başeu River (NE Romania) including R1—Cal Alb reservoir, R2—Movileni reservoirs, R3—Tătărăşeni reservoirs, R4—Negreni reservoirs, and R5—Hăneşti reservoirs. In order to test the flood control capacity of the Bașeu multi-reservoir system, the Cal Alb (R1) dam break scenario (piping failure) was taken into account. Three 2D stream flow modeling configurations based on R1 inflow rate with a 1% (100 year), 0.5% (500 year), and 0.1% (1000 year) recurrence interval and the water volume which can be accumulated with that specific inflow rate (1% = 10.19 × 106 m3; 0.5% = 12.39 × 106 m3; 0.1% = 17.35 × 106 m3) were computed. The potential flood wave impact was achieved on the basis of different flood severity maps (e.g., flood extent, flood depth, flood velocity, flood hazard) generated for each recurrence interval scenario and highlighted within the built-up area of 27 settlements (S1–S27) located downstream of R1. The results showed that the multi-reservoir system of Bașeu River has an important role in flood mitigation and contributes to the APDF in the context of climate change and the intensification of hydrological hazard manifestation in northeastern Romania.
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Fijko, Rastislav, and Martina Zeleňáková. "The HEC RAS model of regulated stream for purposes of flood risk reduction." Selected Scientific Papers - Journal of Civil Engineering 11, no. 1 (June 1, 2016): 59–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sspjce-2016-0007.
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Abstract The work highlights the modeling of water flow in open channels using 1D mathematical model HEC-RAS in the area of interest Lopuchov village in eastern Slovakia. We created a digital model from a geodetic survey, which was used to show the area of inundation in ArcGIS software. We point out the modeling methodology with emphasis to collection of the data and their relevance for determination of boundary conditions in 3D model of the study area in GIS platform. The BIM objects can be exported to the defined model of the area. The obtained results were used for simulation of flooding. The results give to us clearly and distinctly defined areas of inundation, which we used in the processing of Cost benefit analysis. We used the developed model for stating the potential damages in flood vulnerable areas.
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Munir, Bilal Ahmad, Sajid Rashid Ahmad, and Sidrah Hafeez. "Integrated Hazard Modeling for Simulating Torrential Stream Response to Flash Flood Events." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 9, no. 1 (December 18, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9010001.
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This study aims to monitor the flash flood response of Vidor/Wadore hill torrent in Pakistan by the integration of Personal Computer Storm Water Management Model PCSWMM (hydrologic) and HEC-RAS 5.x (hydraulic) models. The method leverages remote sensing and GIS derive estimates of measured and inferred parameters of Vidor rural catchment to quantify the flash flood events of the last four years: 2014–2017. The calibration of the PCSWMM is performed using the sensitivity-based radio tuning calibration (SRTC) tool. The Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), coefficient of determination (R2), and relative error (RE) values were found between 0.75–0.97, 0.94–0.98, and −0.22–−0.09 respectively. The statistical indicators prove the accuracy of PCSWMM for rural catchments. The runoff response of Vidor torrent is also analyzed for 0.5/12.7, 1.5/38.1, and 2.0/50.8-inch/mm rainfall hyetographs. The generated hydrographs are used to simulate 2D-module in HEC-RAS 5.x for floodplain demarcation in the piedmont area. The accuracy of the flood extent is analyzed using spatial overlay analogy in the ArcGIS environment by comparing simulated and historically available flood extents. The simulated flood extent shows 76% accuracy with historic flood extent. The impact of flash flood events shows wheat, maize, and fruit orchards are the most effected agriculture in piedmont area. The results revealed that the integration of hydrological, hydraulic, and geospatial modeling approaches can be used to model a full picture of catchment response during flash flood events.
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Ogras, Selman, and Fevzi Onen. "Flood Analysis with HEC-RAS: A Case Study of Tigris River." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (February 24, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6131982.
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Floods are seen in countries in tropical climatic zones, both in terms of quantity and harm. The non-tropical climate countries such as Turkey are also affected by the floods. The geographical structure of Turkey is extremely complex and varies even at short distance. Therefore, the shape and effects of the floods vary from region to region. Considering the peculiar state of nature, floods, which are the greatest disasters after the earthquake, are unlikely to occur. But floods are becoming more risky for human beings day by day because of the population growth, need of water and settlements, wrong zoning plan, and unplanned engineering practices. Regulation comes at the beginning of measures to be taken to minimize the damages that occur from the floods. To do these studies, it must be specified the changes which bridges on the rivers and hydraulics structures like regulator cause in cross sections and the effects of the changes to water surface profile due to the natural state of the land. In order to determine water surface profiles, many software packages have been developed for facilitating the analysis and calculation. HEC-RAS is one of them. In this study, the floodplain analysis was handled between Diyarbakır-Silvan Highway and historical Ten-Eyed Bridge. There are three bridges, and one of which are historical bridges, as well as fertile agricultural lands, facilities, and hospitals in the Dicle University campus, the Hevsel Gardens on the UNESCO World Cultural Heritage List, and some residential areas on the route under study. The aim of the study we have done in this much important route is to evaluate the flood areas and create a flood hazard map which can predict risky areas. And also contributing to the Tigris River Rehabilitation Project is one of the aims. About methodology, the 1/1000 maps of the study area were digitized using the AutoCAD Civil 3D program and cross sections were made by obtaining the digital elevation models of the region. The obtained cross sections were defined in the HEC-RAS software, and the hydraulic characteristics of the flood bed and the water surface profiles of the Q25, Q50, Q100, and Q500 flood recurring and one-dimensional floodplain analysis of the Tigris River were determined.
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Năsui, Daniel, Adela Paşca, and Dan Lucian Ciurte. "Hydrodynamic Modeling on Suciu River (Maramures County)." Present Environment and Sustainable Development 10, no. 1 (June 1, 2016): 131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pesd-2016-0011.
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Abstract The GIS database containing the topographic and land use information was made in 2012, followed by field measurements surveys in 2013 and 2014. A number of 11 cross-sections were topographically apprised in the valley along the 11 km river reach. The geometric data requirements for the modeling software were prepared in ESRI’s ArcGIS™ 9.2 software using the HEC-GeoRAS extension. The steady flow data was edited in the HEC-RAS one-dimensional flow modeling software. Four scenarios were used for the river discharge, from normal to overflow. The results come in different forms, from tabular output, to stage hydrograph, to velocity distribution or 3D diagrams, all of which give a clear vision on the overflow high risk areas. The results were exported back to the GIS extension for additional spatial operations. Flow velocity maps were generated for each discharge scenario. Although the scenarios included very high discharge values, the flood impact on people assets is minimal. The reasons for this are the high slope of the riverbed and the proper placement in the floodplain, due mainly to the flood management works that took place after the 1970 flood.
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Wiles, Jason J., and Norman S. Levine. "A combined GIS and HEC model for the analysis of the effect of urbanization on flooding; the Swan Creek watershed, Ohio." Environmental and Engineering Geoscience 8, no. 1 (February 1, 2002): 47–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gseegeosci.8.1.47.
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Abstract This study investigates the effects of changes in land-use on the hydrology of the Swan Creek watershed in Lucas County, Ohio, over a thirty-year period. The study presents the GIS based runoff models and the HEC-RAS Flood analysis for the watershed. The runoff modeling was performed using a modification of the rational formula first proposed by Rossmiller in 1980. The C factor (land use) in the rational equation (Q = CIA) is modified to account for land use, soil type and slope factors. Four model runs for each of the land-use coverages were created based on the statistical precipitation recurrence intervals: P 10 , P 25 , P 50 , P 100 (a total of 12 model runs). The models differed only in the basic land-use classifications for each decade of interest. The runoff analysis predicts that increased runoff volumes in the watershed are directly related to increasing urbanization. The study showed that runoff volumes of a P 100 storm in 1973 of certain sub-basins has the equivalent runoff of a P 10 storm in 1995. The flood modeling was performed in the Army Corps of Engineer's Hydrologic Engineering Center's River Analysis System (HEC-RAS). Twelve model runs were also created in HEC-RAS to evaluate the effect of the land-use changes in each of the time periods for each of the storms. The study showed that flood extent of a P 50 storm in 1973 across the watershed has the equivalent flood extent of a P 10 storm in 1995. The flood modeling predicts that the Swan Creek hydrologic system responds more quickly and severely today to events that would have been smaller in the past.
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Xiao, Linpeng, Zhi Chen, Fayi Zhou, Samia ben Hammouda, and Yinying Zhu. "Modeling of a Surface Flow Constructed Wetland Using the HEC-RAS and QUAL2K Models: a Comparative Analysis." Wetlands 40, no. 6 (September 14, 2020): 2235–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13157-020-01349-7.
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ShahiriParsa, Ahmad, Mohammad Noori, Mohammad Heydari, and Mahmood Rashidi. "Floodplain Zoning Simulation by Using HEC-RAS and CCHE2D Models in the Sungai Maka River." Air, Soil and Water Research 9 (January 2016): ASWR.S36089. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/aswr.s36089.
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River flooding causes several human and financial casualties. It is necessary to perform research studies and implement subsequent actions consistent with the nature of the river. In order to reduce flood damage, floodplain zoning maps and river cross-sectional boundaries are important to nonstructural measures in planning and optimizing utilization of the areas around the river. Due to the complex behavior of the rivers during floods, computer modeling is the most efficient tool with the least possible cost to study and simulate the behavior of the rivers. In this study, one-dimensional model Hydrologic Engineering Centers–-River Analysis System and two-dimensional model CCHE2D were used to simulate the flood zoning in the Sungai Maka district in Kelantan state, Malaysia. The results of these two models in most sections approximately match. Most differences in the results were in the shape of the river.
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Mirzaei, Majid, Mina Faghih, Tan Pei Ying, Ahmed El-Shafie, Yuk Feng Huang, and Juneseok Lee. "Application of a rainfall-runoff model for regional-scale flood inundation mapping for the Langat River Basin." Water Practice and Technology 11, no. 2 (June 1, 2016): 373–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2016.044.
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Rapid growth in recent decades has changed engineering concepts about the approach to controlling storm water in cities. Over the past years flood events have occurred more frequently in several countries in the tropics. In this study the behavior of Langat River in Malaysia was analyzed using the hydrodynamic modeling software (HEC-RAS) developed by the ‘Hydrologic Engineering Center, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers’, to simulate different water levels and flow rates corresponding to different return periods from the available database. The aim was to forecast peak flows, based on rainfall data and the maximum rate of precipitation in different return periods in storms of different duration. The maximum flows were obtained from the Automated Geospatial Watershed Assessment tool for the different return periods, and the peak flows from extreme rainfall were applied to HEC-RAS to simulate different water levels and flow rates corresponding to different return periods. The water level along the river and its tributaries could then be analyzed for different flow conditions.
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Szopos, Noémi Mária, and Boglárka Czellecz. "High water level observations along the upper course of the Olt River (Romania) from a hydrological modelling aspect." Landscape & Environment 11, no. 2 (December 21, 2017): 10–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21120/le/11/2/2.
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Along its upper course, the Olt River (Romania) flows through several settlements, which are endangered by flooding. The multiannual water flow at Tomești station, the first hydrometric station along the Olt River, is 1.51 m3 /s, but in case of extreme events the river flow reached even 41.8 m3 /s. The aim of this study is to analyze the flood events along the upper course of the Olt River (section between Tomești and Cârța settlements) by using the HEC-RAS and the HEC-GeoRAS hydrological modeling software programs. The river cross section model showed how the main channel narrowed (characteristic to some locations) which can be considered as one of the causes of a possible overflow.
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Vojtek, Matej, Andrea Petroselli, Jana Vojteková, and Shahla Asgharinia. "Flood inundation mapping in small and ungauged basins: sensitivity analysis using the EBA4SUB and HEC-RAS modeling approach." Hydrology Research 50, no. 4 (May 25, 2019): 1002–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2019.163.
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Abstract Flood mapping is an important part of flood risk analysis and management as its result is the visualization of flood hazard in terms of flood depth and extent. However, flood mapping strongly depends on the selected modeling approach. Furthermore, model input data usually incorporate uncertainties that may vary significantly in time and space. In this study, the EBA4SUB (Event-Based Approach for Small and Ungauged Basins) hydrologic model and the one-dimensional HEC-RAS (Hydrologic Engineering Center's River Analysis System) hydraulic model were selected for evaluating their sensitivity, in terms of simulated flood area (FA) and volume (FV), to different combinations of input parameters. Results of hydrologic modeling highlight the great variation of design peak discharges which strongly influence the modeled FA and FV. The sensitivity of FA and FV to excess rainfall determination was several times larger than the sensitivity to the routing propagation for two assumed gross rainfall distributions (rectangular and Chicago), which highlights the importance of the correct estimation of soil and land use properties affecting the infiltration estimation. Moreover, the sensitivity of FA and FV to the roughness parameter was 1.5–2 times greater than the sensitivity to the cross-section parameter, yet, stressing the importance of input parameters for hydraulic modeling.
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Santillan, J. R., A. M. Amora, M. Makinano-Santillan, A. L. Gingo, and J. T. Marqueso. "ANALYZING THE IMPACTS OF LAND COVER CHANGE TO THE HYDROLOGIC AND HYDRAULIC BEHAVIOURS OF THE PHILIPPINES' THIRD LARGEST RIVER BASIN." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences IV-3/W1 (March 1, 2019): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-3-w1-41-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Changes in land cover can have negative impacts on the hydrological and hydraulic processes in river basins and watersheds such as increase in surface runoff and peak flows, and greater incidence, risk and vulnerability of flooding. In this study, the impacts of land-cover changes to the hydrologic and hydraulic behaviours of the Agusan River Basin (ARB), the third largest river basin in the Philippines, was analysed using an integrated approach involving Remote Sensing (RS), Geographic Information System (GIS), and hydrologic and hydraulic models. Different land-cover classes in the ARB for the years 1995 and 2017 were mapped using Landsat 5 TM and Landsat 8 OLI images. Using a post-classification change detection approach, changes in land-cover were then determined. The impacts of these changes in land-cover to the to the basin discharge were then estimated using a calibrated hydrologic model based on the Hydrologic Engineering Center - Hydrologic Modeling System (HEC-HMS) under different extreme rainfall conditions. The impact of the changes in land-cover to flood depth and extent was also determined using a hydraulic model based on the HEC-RAS (River Analysis System). Land cover classification results revealed that the ARB is 67.7% forest in 1995 but have decreased to 62.8% in 2017. Agricultural areas in the basin were also found to have increased from 12.2% to 15.5% in the same period. Other notable land cover changes detected include the increase in built-up lands and range lands, and decrease in barren lands. HEC HMS and HEC RAS model simulation results showed that there was an increase in discharge, flood depth, and flood extents between 1995 and 2017, implying that that the detected changes in land cover have negative impacts to hydrologic and hydraulic behaviours of the ARB.</p>
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Cesur, Durmus. "GIS as an information technology framework for water modeling." Journal of Hydroinformatics 9, no. 2 (March 1, 2007): 123–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2007.008.
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The sustainable and equitable management of water requires integrated analysis which includes the integration of a multitude of modeling systems at the core. The linkage of the modeling systems and components is the main bottleneck to achieve the integrated modeling solutions that maintain the integrity of the entire environmental system for comprehensive analysis, planning and management. In this paper, the use of a Geographic Information System (GIS), as an integration framework for the water modeling systems, together with object-oriented data modeling and programming schemes is explained. Integration of the modeling systems on a GIS platform, through a surface-water-specific GIS data model, Arc Hydro, and interface data models as data repositories for common water features, hydrologic and hydraulic modeling elements, is presented with a case study. Arc Hydro served as an integration data model for the simulation models of concern. Time series data transfer between modeling system at the information exchange points is facilitated using object-oriented linkage programs, and relationships among the modeling elements are established through Arc Hydro. In the case study, the HEC-HMS hydrologic model and the HEC-RAS hydraulic model are integrated into an automated floodplain mapping application on a GIS. The implementation of the integration methodology is presented.
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Hong Quang, Nguyen, Vu Anh Tuan, Le Thi Thu Hang, Nguyen Manh Hung, Doan Thi The, Dinh Thi Dieu, Ngo Duc Anh, and Christopher R. Hackney. "Hydrological/Hydraulic Modeling-Based Thresholding of Multi SAR Remote Sensing Data for Flood Monitoring in Regions of the Vietnamese Lower Mekong River Basin." Water 12, no. 1 (December 23, 2019): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12010071.
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Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) remote sensing data can be used as an effective alternative to detect surface water and provide useful information regarding operational flood monitoring, in particular for the improvement of rapid flood assessments. However, this application frequently requires standard and simple, yet robust, algorithms. Although thresholding approaches meet these requirements, limitations such as data inequality over large spatial regions and challenges in estimating optimal threshold values remain. Here, we propose a new method for SAR water extraction named Hammock Swing Thresholding (HST). We applied this HST approach to four SAR remote sensing datasets, namely, Sentinel-1, ALOS-2, TerraSAR-X, and RadarSAT-2 for flood inundation mapping for a case study focusing on the Tam Nong district in the Vietnam Mekong delta. A 2D calibrated Hydrologic Engineering Centers River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) model was coupled with the HST outputs in order to estimate the optimal thresholds (OTs) where the SAR-based water masks fitted best with HEC-RAS’s inundation patterns. Our results showed that water levels extracted from Sentinel-1 data best agreed with the HEC-RAS water extent (88.3%), following by ALOS-2 (85.9%), TerraSAR-X (77.2%). and RadarSAT-2 (72%) at OTs of −15, 68, 21, and 35 decibel (dB), respectively. Generated flood maps indicated changes in the flood extent of the flooding seasons from 2010 and 2014–2016 with variations in spatial extent appearing greater in the TerraSAR-X and RadarSAT-2 higher resolution maps. We recommend the use of OTs in applications of flood monitoring using SAR remote sensing data, such as for an open data cube (ODC).
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Yakti, Bagus Pramono, Mohammad Bagus Adityawan, Mohammad Farid, Yadi Suryadi, Joko Nugroho, and Iwan Kridasantausa Hadihardaja. "2D Modeling of Flood Propagation due to the Failure of Way Ela Natural Dam." MATEC Web of Conferences 147 (2018): 03009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201814703009.
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A dam break induced-flood propagation modeling is needed to reduce the losses of any potential dam failure. On the 25 July 2013, there was a dam break generated flood due to the failure of Way Ela Natural Dam that severely damaged houses and various public facilities. This study simulated the flooding induced by the failure of Way Ela Natural Dam. A two-dimensional (2D) numerical model, HEC-RAS v.5, is used to simulate the overland flow. The dam failure itself is simulated using HECHMSv.4. The results of this study, the flood inundation, flood depth, and flood arrival time are verified by using available secondary data. These informations are very important to propose mitigation plans with respect to possible dam break in the future.
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Benavidez, Rubianca, Bethanna Jackson, Deborah Maxwell, and Enrico Paringit. "Improving predictions of the effects of extreme events, land use, and climate change on the hydrology of watersheds in the Philippines." Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences 373 (May 12, 2016): 147–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/piahs-373-147-2016.
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Abstract. Due to its location within the typhoon belt, the Philippines is vulnerable to tropical cyclones that can cause destructive floods. Climate change is likely to exacerbate these risks through increases in tropical cyclone frequency and intensity. To protect populations and infrastructure, disaster risk management in the Philippines focuses on real-time flood forecasting and structural measures such as dikes and retaining walls. Real-time flood forecasting in the Philippines mostly utilises two models from the Hydrologic Engineering Center (HEC): the Hydrologic Modeling System (HMS) for watershed modelling, and the River Analysis System (RAS) for inundation modelling. This research focuses on using non-structural measures for flood mitigation, such as changing land use management or watershed rehabilitation. This is being done by parameterising and applying the Land Utilisation and Capability Indicator (LUCI) model to the Cagayan de Oro watershed (1400 km2) in southern Philippines. The LUCI model is capable of identifying areas providing ecosystem services such as flood mitigation and agricultural productivity, and analysing trade-offs between services. It can also assess whether management interventions could enhance or degrade ecosystem services at fine spatial scales. The LUCI model was used to identify areas within the watershed that are providing flood mitigating services and areas that would benefit from management interventions. For the preliminary comparison, LUCI and HEC-HMS were run under the same scenario: baseline land use and the extreme rainfall event of Typhoon Bopha. The hydrographs from both models were then input to HEC-RAS to produce inundation maps. The novelty of this research is two-fold: (1) this type of ecosystem service modelling has not been carried out in the Cagayan de Oro watershed; and (2) this is the first application of the LUCI model in the Philippines. Since this research is still ongoing, the results presented in this paper are preliminary. As the land use and soil parameterisation for this watershed are refined and more scenarios are run through the model, more robust comparisons can be made between the hydrographs produced by LUCI and HEC-HMS and how those differences affect the inundation map produced by HEC-RAS.