Relevant bibliographies by topics / Bridges, Stone

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Bridges, Stone'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 28 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Bridges, Stone"

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Işık, Neşe. "Effects of Sodium Chloride (NaCl) On Historical Bridges and Treatment with Bentonite." Civil Engineering Beyond Limits 1, no. 1 (December 26, 2019): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.36937/cebel.2020.001.004.

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In this study, the effects of bentonite clay were investigated in the cleaning of the andesite stone samples used in the restoration of historical Çobandede Bridge and some historical buildings contaminated with sodium chloride salt. The stones of historical buildings are exposed to harmful salt effects for various reasons. Especially in regions where terrestrial climate dominates, the sodium chloride salt sprinkled on the icy roads for thawing may infiltrate over time into soil and then arrives at the historic bridges’ stones. In this way, because of capillarity of the stones and ionic osmos, the salt accumulates in the pores of the stones and the hygroscopic nature of NaCl damages the historic bridges’ stones on the road route. This physically damages the stone and reduces the life of historic bridges. Therefore, the removal of salt entering the structure of the stone is very important to increase the durability of the stones. In order to model this situation, a sum of bentonite clay paste prepared in liquid limit was implemented to artificially polluted andesite stone samples. The clay pastes applied to the stones were removed from the stones surfaces after a certain period of time and analyzed. X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (XRF) analyzes showed that bentonite clay gave positive results for sodium chloride removal from historical building stones exposed to NaCl salt.
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Gürgendereli, Müberra. "From Maritsa to Mostar." Prilozi za orijentalnu filologiju, no. 70 (November 30, 2021): 49–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.48116/issn.2303-8586.2020.70.49.

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Rumor has it that that the Turks crossed the Marmara Sea on rafts. The Ottoman Empire, which set out from Gallipoli and became a state first and then an empire; reached the Balkan and Europe through bridges. Every bridge built over the huge rivers Ottomans crossed slowly became a signature of that region or city. Spectacular stone bridges, which are both art and aesthetic monuments and meet the transportation needs of the army, were built on the rivers from the capital to the last point Empire reached. Many bridges, especially the Mostar Bridge, Mehmed Paša Sokolović Bridge, Stone Bridge in Skopje, Bridge over Maritsa in Edirne, Bridges over the Tunca and the Uzunköprü (Long Bridge), which were built on the great Balkan rivers, symbols of abundance and plenitude, have been the subject of poems, shehrengiz and historical poems of classical poets, and also prose works and travel books. through various dreams and imaginations, these bridges are from time to time places where lovers go out for an evening stroll and meet, and sometimes through similes and metaphors compared to lover’s body, rainbow, Milky way, or the Sirat Bridge. These bridges are so ostentatious and appear as a great kemend that connects two mountains. The stone bridges built on the Balkan rivers from Edirne to Mostar that have poems written about them will be determined and interpreted in our article.
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McNeely, D. K., G. C. Archer, and K. N. Smith. "Structural analysis of old stone arch bridges." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 16, no. 6 (December 1, 1989): 789–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l89-122.

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The use of stone arches for bridge construction has generally ceased, but since these structures still exist in modern road systems, their structural integrity is of current concern. This paper presents an analysis technique suited for the thick jointed heritage stone arch bridges found in Canada. The effect of increased mortar joint size on structural response is investigated. The response of a section to eccentric thrust is postulated and the effective section properties are derived. Structural behaviour proceeds from a fixed arch to a two-hinge, a three-hinge, and finally a five-hinge failure mode for a symmetrical arch with midspan loading. A typical load–deflection curve is developed, suitably adjusted for secondary effects due to changes in geometry and material nonlinearity. Stone arch bridges in Canada were constructed with thick mortar joints, which exhibit significant deterioration of stiffness with load eccentricity and, therefore, significant secondary effects; as thickness increases, ultimate strength decreases. A suitable limit states prediction for the load capacity of old stone arches is proposed. Key words: arch, bridge, heritage, limit states, stone, structural analysis.
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Kang, Cheng. "Study on the Limit Value of the Spandrel-Braced Stone Arch Bridges." Applied Mechanics and Materials 416-417 (September 2013): 1733–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.416-417.1733.

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In this paper, the safety evaluation model and limit indexes of a stone arch bridge in the Three Gorges Reservoir region are studied. Specifically, the permanent deformation limit indicators of the bridges are studied; the safety evaluation msodel and limit indexes of a stone arch bridge in Three Gorges Reservoir region are identified based on the practical disease test. A scientific criterion is provided for the vast number of the engineering technical personnel at the grass-roots level to easily and effectively judge if the locally-deformed stone arch bridges can conform to new specifications and requirements, so this study is of important social significance and practical engineering value.
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Jun, Song, Wang Fumin, and Shi Kang. "Failure Modes Analysis of Stone Arch Bridges." Open Civil Engineering Journal 9, no. 1 (July 31, 2015): 442–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874149501509010442.

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A destruction test based on the bridge safety appraisal is one way to verify the failure law of an actual bridge. In this paper, a stone arch bridge in a 1:10 scale model and with a span of 60 m (namely, an arch bar of the same length as the object of test) has been tested, methods of its whole test and loading process introduced, and ultimate bearing capacity, deflection and development rules of cracks in the loading process figured out. With the clarification of destruction mechanism, the ultimate forms of disease and remaining height of section have been acquired and, finally, the destruction theory of stone arch bridges has been verified and optimized.
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Hu, Da Lin, Kai Jiang, Qi Xin Sun, and Lin Han. "Ultimate Bearing Capacity Analysis of Long-Span Continuous Stone Arch Bridge." Applied Mechanics and Materials 71-78 (July 2011): 3800–3805. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.71-78.3800.

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In the past 50 years, many long-span continuous stone arch bridges have been built in China. Analysis of mechanical performances and load capacities of long-span continuous stone arch bridges has important significances for the safety assessment of the similar bridges. 3D elastoplastic finite element method is employed to analyze ultimate bearing capacity of a three-span arch bridge with sandstone masonry in this paper. The characteristics of structural geometric and material nonlinearities and cracking and crushing of the masonry are taken into account. Compared with single-span arch bridge, both the coaction of spandrel structure and main arch and the influence of loading arrangements on ultimate bearing capacity is analyzed. The failure characteristics of the structure under the ultimate load are also introduced. The analysis results and conclusions can be referenced for the safety assessment of similar bridges.
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Castro, María. "Structural design of asphalt pavement on concrete bridges." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 31, no. 4 (August 1, 2004): 695–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l04-032.

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Traditional methods for the structural design of pavement cannot be applied to the design of pavement on bridge decks. In this paper, a new method for the structural design of asphalt pavement on concrete bridge decks is presented. The method can be applied to pavement on girder, slab, and box-girder bridges and can be used whatever the considered degree of bonding between pavement and deck. The method consists of modelling the deck as a two-layer system and then calculating stresses and strains in the pavement–deck system by means of a multilayer system. The proposed methodology has been applied to study the behaviour of asphalt concretes, porous asphalts, and stone matrix asphalts on girder, slab, and box-girder bridges. There is a conclusion of this application that stands out for its practical character. The stone matrix asphalts have the best performance if fatigue is the main concern.Key words: bridge decks, asphalt pavement, design.
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Sokolović, Neda M., Milica Petrović, Ana Kontić, Suzana Koprivica, and Nenad Šekularac. "Inspection and Assessment of Masonry Arch Bridges: Ivanjica Case Study." Sustainability 13, no. 23 (December 2, 2021): 13363. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132313363.

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The importance of masonry arch bridges as a traffic network element calls for a thorough analysis focused on both structural stability and loading capacity of these historical structures, considering the usage of these bridges in contemporary traffic conditions. This paper focuses on the analysis of longitudinal cracks in a single span masonry arch bridge to evaluate its influence on structural behaviour of the system. As longitudinal cracks do not necessarily present an inevitable collapse mechanism, analysis of the causes is crucial for evaluating the serviceability and functionality of the bridge investigated. The methodology is based on the following: literature review, observation of the stone bridge in Ivanjica, geological testing of the site, geophysical testing of the bridge, laboratory testing of mechanical characteristics of stone used for the bridge construction and biological analysis of the samples of implemented materials on the bridge. Finite element analysis of the bridge was conducted to define the causes of the longitudinal cracks. The 3D simulation model was based on the data collected through observation and experimental analysis. This paper provides extensive research on a single span masonry bridge, examining how different deterioration mechanisms, in conjunction, can lead to the appearance of cracks in masonry arch bridges and provide remedial measures accordingly.
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INOUE, Hajime, and Yukio ICHIMURA. "Stone Arch Bridges in YAMAGATA Prefecture." HISTORICAL STUDIES IN CIVIL ENGINEERING 20 (2000): 337–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/journalhs1990.20.337.

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Clemente, Paolo, Antonio Occhiuzzi, and Aldo Raithel. "Limit Behavior of Stone Arch Bridges." Journal of Structural Engineering 121, no. 7 (July 1995): 1045–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(1995)121:7(1045).

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bridges, Stone"

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Blewett, Jo. "The development of laboratory measurement techniques to study liquefaction mitigation by vibro-replacement stone columns." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/1257.

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Existing and novel laboratory techniques and equipment are used to produce comprehensive information on the liquefaction mitigation provided by granular drainage columnar inclusions in loose sand. Extensive use is made of bender-element testing techniques and the frequency dependence of such measurements is examined. Phase-sensitive detection is proposed as a new method to obtain the frequency response of the element data. The applicability of this technique is extended to provide a convenient and accurate method for determination of the time-of-flight of a shear-wave in sand. This technique is employed to measure the load share between sand and columnar components during triaxial testing. A novel low cost, high loading frequency, triaxial testing system is developed and preliminary testing is carried out on both pure sand samples and composite columnar samples. The testing programme examines aspects of liquefaction mitigation due to the rigidity of the columnar inclusions and due to the increased permeability of the columns. The laboratory results are verified by the application of existing analytical models. The equipment and techniques are used to investigate the feasibility of using recycled aggregates in place of stone backfill.
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Mullins, Kerri Ann. "Nyack River Front Park: a conversation between land and water." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30861.

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This architecture thesis is an exploration of an idea, an event, and a place. The idea was to explore design with water. The design had to be thoughtful and have an impact: an event. My place is on the waterfront. This thesis confirmed my ideas about site-specific and site-inspired architecture. I looked to my thoughts about water and tried to incorporate them into my design and enhance it with them. In my design I began to think about materials, about the senses, and about how we experience places through sight, sound, smell, touch, and taste. My exploration led me to design a public park on the Hudson River in Nyack, New York. *note* the printed version of this book is in the format of double sided pages and is best viewed in the format of facing pages.
Master of Architecture
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Šarounová, Pavla. "Průzkum a hodnocení historického kamenného mostu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-227018.

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This thesis is focused on the evaluation of existing stone structures, particularly stone bridges. It contents a summary of the most frequently used structure types and materials of historic bridges as well as it presents some contemporary technologies. Thesis also presents methods of the construction stone testing, both laboratory and in situ. The process of the assessment of existing structures from ČSN ISO 13822 is being applied on the evaluation of stone structures, taking into account their specifics. These specifics results from the natural origin of the building material. The experimental part describes the survey and assessment of an existing stone bridge in Dobromilice, including a proposal for an adequate way of reconstruction.
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Berthod, Olivier [Verfasser]. "On institutions, paths, and routes set in stone : the construction of a bridge as a case of path instantiation / Olivier Berthod." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1026069718/34.

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Matos, Agostinho José Alves Vaz de. "Inspeção de pontes em arco de alvenaria de pedra baseada no risco." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/70566.

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Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Engenharia Civil
O presente estudo tem como objetivo aprofundar o conhecimento da inspeção baseada no risco, tendo em vista o desenvolvimento de uma nova metodologia de avaliação do estado de condição das obras de arte, principalmente das pontes em arco em alvenaria de pedra. Neste contexto, é apresentado um estado do conhecimento das pontes em arco em alvenaria, descrevendo o seu sistema estrutural mais comum e os seus elementos, e da área de gestão de risco, com enfoque na norma ISO 31000:2009, na qual se inclui o Guia ISO 73:2009, e na norma IEC/ISO 31010:2009, são abordadas as metodologias usadas para a inspeção e avaliação do estado atual das pontes em arco em alvenaria de pedra, adotadas correntemente em Portugal, e é, também, apresentado um modelo de inspeção baseada no risco desenvolvido por uma entidade Holandesa aplicada em ponte de betão. De forma a cumprir o objetivo principal, procedeu-se ao desenvolvimento de uma metodologia de inspeção baseada no risco que permite obter o estado de condição das pontes em arco em alvenaria de pedra. As avaliações são feitas com base na probabilidade e consequência das possíveis ocorrências de anomalias para os elementos da ponte. A probabilidade de ocorrência de um evento não desejado é determinado através de fatores baseados nas suas possíveis causas, caraterísticas da envolvente da ponte, das anomalias registadas e caraterísticas de projeto da ponte, enquanto a consequência de um evento é baseada no impacto que este terá na segurança estrutural da obra de arte e dos utentes. Ao combinar a probabilidade e a consequência para cada elemento é determinado o nível de risco através do uso de uma matriz de risco e, posteriormente, determinado o estado de condição de cada elemento. De forma a validar a metodologia desenvolvida, esta foi aplicada a um caso de estudo, a Ponte do Prado sobre o rio Cávado, detalhadamente descrito no trabalho de (Rodrigues N. C., 2008), onde se aplicou a inspeção correntemente utilizada em Portugal e a inspeção, aqui proposta, baseada no risco. Enquanto a inspeção correntemente utilizada é baseada na deteção das anomalias, a inspeção baseada no risco utiliza a análise do risco como base, sendo a inspeção parte do seu processo.
The current study has as it objective to deepen the knowledge of the risk based inspection, focusing on the development of a new evaluation methodology of the works of art conservation state, mainly on arch stone masonry bridges. In this context, it is presented the state of the current knowledge of arch stone masonry bridges, describing it is more common structural system and elements, and the risk management field with focus on the norm ISO 31000:2009 in which it is present the guide ISO 73:2009 and the norm IEC/ISO 31010:2009, there are addressed the methodologies used for the inspection and evaluation of the current state of arch stone masonry bridges currently adopted in Portugal and it is, also, presented a model of a risk based inspection developed by an Dutch entity applied to a concrete bridge. In order to fulfill the main objective, it was developed a methodology of the risk based inspection that allows to obtain the conservation state of the arch stone masonry bridges. The evaluations are made based on the probability and consequence of the possible damage on the bridge elements. The occurrence probability of a non desired event it is determined by factors based on its possible causes, the bridge surrounding technical features, the registered damage and the bridge project features, while the consequence of an event it is based on the impact that it will have in the work of art structural and its users safety. By combining the probability and the consequence for each element, it is determined the risk level by using a risk matrix and, thereafter, determined the conservation state of each element. Aiming to validate the methodology developed it was applied to a case study, the Prado bridge crossing the Cávado river written in detail on the previous work of (Rodrigues N. C., 2008), where it was applied the inspection currently used in Portugal and the risk based inspection here proposed. While the inspection currently used it is based on the damage detection, the risk based inspection uses the risk analysis as its base, being the inspection part of it is process.
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Jen, Chen Shang, and 陳上仁. "The Creative Transformation of Local Culture Taking -As an Exampl To Sindian Bitan A case of suspension bridges around the store planning." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/55162871526238367429.

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碩士
世新大學
傳播管理學研究所(含碩專班)
98
To integrated innovation to find new shops and market integration group to change the business model, store planning and design and construction of dining area boat museum and cultural education learning area, learning the new Yokohama Japan Ramen Museum, a local new regeneration plan, the original Priority Community Shetuanfaren shops corporatization (the Board) to operate the prestigious designation by the government or hold votes manner provided by the Government to reform the public hearing activities, according to the views of the implementation of the final public hearing for the chairman of a high rate of those who operate Government to give way to planning powers to market location or store collection sequences automatically added Shetuanfaren (Shetuanfaren) common management, so that the value of the business model created around the shopping street (Light Street, store Road) to form the construction of boat food culture and painting Street District culture areas in Taiwan. Planning the establishment of Shetuanfaren management, innovation and culture, shopping, will bring long-term business opportunities in the local culture, promote community and cultural transformation of Taiwan's innovation opportunities, promote international tourists, resulting in tourism education and business synergy. Local Government approved the contents of store sales, tax exemption for five years, set good way to store food culture and participate in innovative art street value of the new management industry, have long-term synergy.
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Books on the topic "Bridges, Stone"

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A guide to the packhorse bridges of England. Milnthorpe, Cumbria: Cicerone, 1994.

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O'Keeffe, Peter. Irish stone bridges: History and heritage. Dublin: Irish Academic Press, 1991.

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Zhonghua shi qiao. Changsha Shi: Hunan jiao yu chu ban she, 2002.

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Lasuen, Balendin de. Puentes antiguos de Biskaia. [Bilbao]: Bilbao Bizkaia Kutxa, 1990.

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author, Simington Tom, ed. Irish stone bridges: History and heritage. Dublin: Irish Academic Press, 2016.

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Mantas, Spyros I. Ta E ̄peirōtika gephyria: Gia na kalypsoun mia anankē. Athēna: Technikes Ekdoseis, 1988.

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Altınsapan, Erol. Tek kemer gözlü Rize köprüleri. Eskişehir: Anadolu Üniversitesi, 2001.

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Hongxuan, Pan, ed. Shaoxing shi qiao: Shaoxing stone bridges. Shanghai: Shanghai ke xue ji shu chu ban she, 1986.

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Hongxuan, Pan, ed. Shaoxing shi qiao: Shaoxing stone bridges. Shanghai: Shanghai ke xue ji shu chu ban she, 1986.

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Mouzakēs, Stelios. Petrogephyra kai gephyres sto Hagio Oros: Mia prōtē symvolē. Pallēnē: Arteon, 2018.

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Book chapters on the topic "Bridges, Stone"

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Proske, Dirk, and Pieter van Gelder. "Computation:Computation historical stone arch bridges of Historical Arch BridgesArch bridges computation." In Safety of historical stone arch bridges, 99–163. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77618-5_3.

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Hudson†, John A., and John W. Cosgrove. "Stone buildings—pillars, lighthouses, walls, arches, bridges, buttresses, roof vaults, castles, cathedrals and lettering." In Understanding Building Stones and Stone Buildings, 161–246. First edition. | Leiden, The Netherlands : CRC Press/Balkema, [2019]: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315100180-5.

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Proske, Dirk, and Pieter van Gelder. "Introduction." In Safety of historical stone arch bridges, 1–66. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77618-5_1.

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Proske, Dirk, and Pieter van Gelder. "Loads." In Safety of historical stone arch bridges, 67–98. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77618-5_2.

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Proske, Dirk, and Pieter van Gelder. "Masonry Masonry Strength Strength masonry Masonry strength." In Safety of historical stone arch bridges, 165–97. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77618-5_4.

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Proske, Dirk, and Pieter van Gelder. "Investigation Investigation Techniques Technique investigation." In Safety of historical stone arch bridges, 199–215. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77618-5_5.

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Proske, Dirk, and Pieter van Gelder. "Damages and Repair." In Safety of historical stone arch bridges, 217–64. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77618-5_6.

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Proske, Dirk, and Pieter van Gelder. "Safety Safety Assessment Assessment Safety Assessment." In Safety of historical stone arch bridges, 265–331. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77618-5_7.

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Proske, Dirk, and Pieter van Gelder. "Examples." In Safety of historical stone arch bridges, 333–59. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77618-5_8.

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Stoffle, Richard. "Living Stone Bridges: Epistemological Divides in Heritage Environmental Communication." In Palgrave Studies in Anthropology of Sustainability, 149–73. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78040-1_7.

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AbstractIndigenous people share ancient epistemological understandings of the world. These define for them what makes up the world, how forces influence these components, and why this all happens. These understandings are basic in that they frame human value orientations, call for individual and group action, and interpret natural and human events. Because epistemology involves ancient shared cultural understandings of the world, talking about the world involves cross-cultural communication, which is a special feature of anthropology. This chapter is an analysis of epistemological divides in cross-cultural communication about massive stone bridges. The divide is most clearly viewed when Native American cultural experts explain the meaning and purpose of stone bridges to Western science-trained National Park Service managers and geologists. To the former, the stone bridges are alive and were made at Creation as a place for World-balancing ceremonies and as portals to and from other dimensions. To the latter, stone bridges are inert remanent sandstone deposits that have been eroded into oxbows and undercut by small rivers over millions of years.
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Conference papers on the topic "Bridges, Stone"

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Oliveira, D. V., R. Allahvirdizadeh, A. Sánchez, B. Riveiro, N. Mendes, R. A. Silva, and F. Fernandes. "Structural Performance of a Medieval Stone Masonry Arch Bridge." In IABSE Symposium, Wroclaw 2020: Synergy of Culture and Civil Engineering – History and Challenges. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/wroclaw.2020.0901.

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<p>Many masonry historical bridges are still under service, particularly in Europe. Their significant cultural value, key role in transportation network systems and deterioration condition requires assessing their safety with respect to different scenarios, particularly earthquakes, which masonry structures are inherently vulnerable. This assessment requires collecting detailed information such as geometry, material properties, boundary conditions and existing damages to construct reliable numerical models. However, their significant cultural value prevents conducting destructive and even minor-destructive tests. The structural assessment of Barcelos Bridge, a medieval stone masonry arch bridge in northern Portugal, by means of a numerical approach is discussed in the current article. In this regard, a 3D advanced finite element model was prepared, in which the external geometry and internal morphology were extracted from laser scanning and ground penetrating radar survey, respectively. Then, outcomes of indirect sonic tests were adopted to characterize material characteristics and dynamic properties (i.e. frequencies and mode shapes) obtained from ambient dynamic identification were employed to update the FE model. Two load scenarios including gravity and lateral transversal loadings were taken into account to assess the performance of the bridge. Thus, incremental nonlinear pushdown and pushover analyses were performed, which resulted in evaluating current safety level of the bridges and possible failure modes.</p>
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Costa, Cristina, António Arêde, Aníbal Costa, and Rui Calçada. "Contributions for experimental and numerical characterization of the structural behaviour of stone arch bridges." In IABSE Symposium, Guimarães 2019: Towards a Resilient Built Environment Risk and Asset Management. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/guimaraes.2019.0431.

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<p>This paper reports on methodologies for experimental and numerical characterization of the structural behaviour of stone arch bridges based on several studies of bridges existing in the Portuguese network. The main contributions are focused on results of technical inspections, experimental testing and numerical simulation. The objectives and achievements of the selected case studies are presented and discussed aiming for a general overview of the methodologies carried out to assess the bridge structural behaviour.</p>
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Zhou, Jian-Ting, and Yi-Hong Ou. "Numerical Simulation Research of Stone Arch Bridges under Moving Load." In First International Conference on Transportation Engineering. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40932(246)509.

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Perčin, Zvonko. "Possibility of application of concrete sleeper with under sleepers pads." In 6th International Conference on Road and Rail Infrastructure. University of Zagreb Faculty of Civil Engineering, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5592/co/cetra.2020.1180.

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One of the most sensitive segments of the railway infrastructure are certainly bridges. All steel grid bridges have wooden sleeper attached to the bridge structure and cannot change the height when maintaining the upper structure rails. It has become a practice to reconstruct or replace damaged bridges in the past by taking care that the track construction is separated from the bridge constructions. One way is that steel grid structures are replaced with reinforced concrete structures in the form of a trough or if the spans are larger with steel structures in the form of a trough. The standard classical track construction today is a gangway with concrete sleepers and a ballast of crushed stone material. Such tracks have reduced elasticity, which is particularly important at contact between the sleepers and the stone material. In order to reduce the negative impacts of vibration and thus extend the durability of railway track today, railways increasingly apply concrete sleepers with under sleepers pads. Tests have shown that with the installation of the under sleeper pads it is possible to achieve a quieter passage of the train over the substrates of different stiffness, thus reducing the possibility of damage to the track construction and the vehicle itself.
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Gencturk, Bora, Sami And Kilic, Mustafa Erdik, and Rui Pinho. "Assessment of Stone Arch Bridges under Static Loading Using Analytical Techniques." In Structures Congress 2007. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40946(248)43.

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Gricuk, Anastasiya Ilinichna, Ilya Igorevich Ovchinnikov, and Igor Georgievich Ovchinnikov. "FOR AND AGAINST OF APPLICATION OF STONE MASTIC ASPHALT CONCRETE ON BRIDGES." In Инновационные технологии в строительстве и управление техническим состоянием инфраструктуры. Ростов-на-Дону: Ростовский государственный университет путей сообщения, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46973/9785907295612_2022_42.

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Manos, George, Evagelos Kozikopoulos, Lambros Kotoulas, and Nick Simos. "IN-SITU MEASUREMENTS RELATED TO THE PERFORMANCE OF STONE MASONRY BRIDGES IN GREECE." In 6th International Conference on Computational Methods in Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering Methods in Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering. Athens: Institute of Structural Analysis and Antiseismic Research School of Civil Engineering National Technical University of Athens (NTUA) Greece, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7712/120117.5416.16895.

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Sert, Halide, Süheyla Yilmaz, Mutluhan Nas, and Nurdan Apaydin. "Historical Arched Stone Bridges and Their Long-Lasting History in Turkey and Balkans." In IABSE Symposium, Vancouver 2017: Engineering the Future. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/vancouver.2017.0730.

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Conde, Borja, Belén Riveiro, Manuel Cabaleiro, Jose Carlos Caamaño, and Georgios E. Stavroulakis. "Uncertainty sources in the structural assessment of masonry arch bridges: a case study of a single-span stone arch bridge." In IABSE Symposium, Guimarães 2019: Towards a Resilient Built Environment Risk and Asset Management. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/guimaraes.2019.1766.

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<p>In this work, the evaluation of some of the most common uncertain parameters present in the structural assessment procedure of masonry arch bridges is addressed. The Xuño Bridge, a single- span stone arch bridge located in Galicia (Spain) is considered as a case study. This structure presents the particularity that after hundreds of years, all its constructive elements have disappeared except the arch barrel. Thus, the typical scattering in the thickness of this element can be measured and quantified. For that purpose, an in-situ terrestrial laser scanner survey was conducted, acquiring its exact geometry. An uncertainty analysis, considering geometrical and material parameters, was then conducted with the aim of estimating the impact of the uncertainty sources in the prediction of the collapse load of the arch. Two different numerical modeling strategies were employed, the limit analysis approach and the finite element method. A sensitivity analysis was finally performed to identify the critical parameters on the response of the structure.</p>
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Farcas, Ciprian Alin. "Evolution of bridges with steel-concrete composite superstructure. What comes next?" In 6th International Conference on Road and Rail Infrastructure. University of Zagreb Faculty of Civil Engineering, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5592/co/cetra.2020.1196.

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Bridges have evolved over time from the simplest forms made from materials found in nature – wood and stone - to the complex shapes of today, made of concrete, steel, steel-concrete, and composite materials. If in the past the large dimensions of an obstacle impeded building a bridge, today this problem can be solved by choosing suitable materials, an advantageous structural system, and an erection method that favors the chosen solutions. The composite superstructures made of steel-concrete have started to be used more often in the construction of bridges due to their advantages. The scope of this paper is to analyze the evolution of road bridges with steel-concrete composite superstructure. There can be distinguished mainly 4 stages in the evolution of these types of structures. In the first two stages during 1850-1925 the connection between concrete and steel was achieved by the adhesion between the contact surfaces of the two materials. Starting with 1932 (stage III), a connection was realized that takes over the forces of friction that develop at the contact between the two materials. These connecting elements took different forms: loops the reinforcement, U, L, or ⊥ metal parts, shear stud connectors, and more recently composite dowels. The advantages of different types of connectors have been highlighted by various calculation methods, practical applications, and high productivity. Nowadays the construction of an impressive bridge has become a source of pride at an international level, a way to demonstrate the technological progress in the field. But what does the future hold in the field of composite structures made of steel-concrete?
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Reports on the topic "Bridges, Stone"

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Raei, Lamia. A Pathway to Youth Employment: Youth internships programme in Jordan. Oxfam IBIS, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2021.7956.

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As part of the Youth Participation and Employment (YPE) programme, Oxfam’s partner INJAZ works to bridge the skills gap between the educational system and the changing needs of the labour market in Jordan. Oxfam supports the INJAZ internship programme, which aims to integrate young people into private-sector companies in order to help inform their future career choices. For many young people who participate in the programme, their internship is a stepping-stone to full employment. This case study presents examples of young people who enrolled in the scheme, enhanced their skills, and found a job. Though the uncertainty caused by COVID-19 has affected the pace of recruitment, Oxfam and INJAZ are still working tirelessly to achieve the programme’s mission.
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