Relevant bibliographies by topics / Bridges Wooden bridges. Laminated wood

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Academic literature on the topic 'Bridges Wooden bridges. Laminated wood'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 16 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Bridges Wooden bridges. Laminated wood"

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İşleyen, Ümmü K., Rahim Ghoroubi, Ömer Mercimek, Özgür Anil, and Recep Tuğrul Erdem. "Behavior of glulam timber beam strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced polymer strip for flexural loading." Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites 40, no. 17-18 (April 9, 2021): 665–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0731684421997924.

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In the last 20 years, the use of wooden structures and their dimensions have gradually increased. The wood application has increased in different structures such as multistory buildings, sports, industrial facilities, road and railway bridges, power transmission lines, and towers. The widespread use and size of wood structures have increased the research on developing special types of wood products supported by composite materials. Laminated wood elements are the leading composite wood materials. Laminated wooden beams allow making much larger openings than standard solid wood structural elements. The development of the sizes and usage areas of wooden structures has increased the capacity of glulam structural elements and reveals the need to improve their performance. Carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRPs) are the most suitable options for increasing the bearing capacity values of glulam beams and improving general load–displacement behaviors. In this study, the use of CFRP strips in different layouts to increase glulam wooden beams and the application of CFRP fan-type anchors in the CFRP strip endpoints are the studied variables. Anchored and non-anchored glulam wooden beams reinforced with CFRP strips with different layouts were tested using a three-point bending test. The ultimate load capacity, initial stiffness, displacement ductility ratio, energy dissipation capacity, failure mechanisms, and general load–displacement behavior of wooden beam test specimens were obtained and interpreted as a result of the experiments.
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Shin, Yukyung, Chang-Deuk Eom, and Sang-Joon Lee. "Structural Performance Evaluation on Stress-Laminated Timber Bridge Deck Using Finite Element Analysis." Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology 42, no. 1 (January 25, 2014): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5658/wood.2014.42.1.20.

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Bakht, Baidar, John Maheu, and Tatiana Bolshakova. "Stressed log bridges." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 23, no. 2 (April 1, 1996): 490–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l96-053.

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The stressed log bridge was conceived as a means of recycling discarded utility timber poles, or logs, which are difficult to dispose because of having been treated with preservatives. To minimize wastage, the logs are trimmed to obtain two parallel flat surfaces, against which they are stacked and laterally stressed as in the familiar stress laminated wood decks. The log decks introduced in this paper are recommended to be stressed by means of aramid or glass fibre tendons which are inert and extremely flexible; because of which, the prestress losses can be virtually eliminated. The paper presents the details of the design, construction, and testing of a prototype stressed log bridge built to demonstrate the concept. The bridge was post-tensioned with aramid fibre cables known by the trade name of PARAFIL ropes. The tendons were first stressed to the maximum level corresponding to a high pressure that can be sustained by the wood and then, within half an hour, destressed to about 68% of the initial force. Observations over a period of about 10 months have confirmed that restressing of the deck is not required. Mainly because of economy, the use of glass fibre reinforced plastic rods is recommended instead of the aramid fibre cables. Key words: aramid fibre, bridge, glass fibre, log, prestress losses, stress laminated wood deck, timber bridge.
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Son, Whi-Lim, Joo-Saeng Park, and Kwang-Mo Kim. "Life Cycle Assessment of Timber Arch-Truss Bridge by Using Domestic Pinus rigida Glued-Laminated Timber." Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology 42, no. 1 (January 25, 2014): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5658/wood.2014.42.1.1.

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Bakht, Baidar, and Tharmalingham Tharmabala. "Steel–wood composite bridges and their static load response." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 14, no. 2 (April 1, 1987): 163–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l87-028.

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The proposed steel–wood composite bridges incorporate longitudinal steel girders which are composite with wood deckings consisting of longitudinal laminates. The laminated decking is usually transversely prestressed. By orienting the laminates longitudinally, advantage can be taken in longitudinal bending of the dominant modulus of elasticity of wood. The paper shows that the load-carrying capacity of an existing slab-on-girder bridge with steel girders and deteriorated noncomposite concrete deck slab can be considerably enhanced by using the proposed system. The paper presents results of static load tests on two types of shear connector, some composite beams, and half-scale model of a bridge. Test data confirm the effectiveness of the composite system. Key words: bridges, composite bridges, steel–wood composite bridges, laminated wood decks, shear connectors, composites.
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Moga, Ligia, and I. Moga. "Thermal Bridges At Wood Frame Construction." Journal of Applied Engineering Sciences 5, no. 2 (December 1, 2015): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jaes-2015-0023.

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Abstract The paper presents the results of numerical analysis on the effects of thermal bridges at wood frame buildings with or without thermal insulation placed on the exterior surface of the wall. The heat flow crossing the wooden thermal bridges, respectively the linear heat transfer coefficients ψ and the temperature factors fRsi, can be established based on the plane temperature field in stationary thermal regime. The “PSIPLAN” computer program used to determine the temperature field, derived from the original program “CIMPLAN” with its first version developed in 1980. The program allows graphic description of the plane section of a thermal bridge and discretizes automatically the section on both axes in accordance with the stipulations of the EN ISO 10211-1:1995 standard and EN ISO 10211:2007 standard. The computer program generates automatically the system of equations that is solved using iterative methods until the heat flows on the two surfaces of the section are balanced. The calculation results are presented with numerical values and in a graphical manner by isothermal surfaces. The program has various libraries that include several types of wood thermal bridges.
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Eamon, Chris, Andrzej S. Nowak, Michael A. Ritter, and Joe Murphy. "Reliability-Based Criteria for Load and Resistance Factor Design Code for Wood Bridges." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1696, no. 1 (January 2000): 316–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1696-33.

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Recently AASHTO adopted a load and resistance factor design code for highway bridges. The new code provides a rational basis for the design of steel and concrete structures. However, the calibration was not done for wood bridges. Therefore, there is a need to fill this gap. The development of statistical models for wood bridge structures is discussed. Recent test results provided a considerable amount of new data for sawed wood and glulam components. Statistical methods provide a good tool for development of rational models for loads and resistance. Because of the random nature of load and resistance, reliability is a convenient measure of structural performance that also provides a rational basis for comparison of wood and other structural materials. The results of a recent project that led to development of rational design criteria for wood bridges are presented. The structural reliability of selected wooden bridges designed by the AASHTO codes are determined, and inadequacies in load distribution and material resistance in the current specifications are identified.
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Rizzo, Fabio. "Aeroelastic Response of Suspended Pedestrian Bridges Made of Laminated Wood and Hemp." Infrastructures 5, no. 7 (July 20, 2020): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures5070060.

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The work described in this paper investigated, by calculating critical flutter speed, the aeroelastic response of suspended pedestrian bridges made of a laminated wood structure and hemp cables and compared them to bridges with a steel structure and harmonic steel cables. Critical flutter speed was estimated using a numerical two degree of freedom (2-DOF) generalized deck model based on finite-element modal analysis. The critical flutter speeds of two sets of 25 different structural configurations, obtained by varying the deck chord and the permanent deck loads, made of steel and of laminated wood respectively, were estimated using experimental flutter derivatives obtained from 30 wind tunnel experiments. One of the most significant results was that pedestrian bridges made of laminated wood and hemp have a higher torsional frequency than those made of steel and that this affects critical flutter speed. A case study was performed and discussed by analyzing the structural and aeroelastic response of a 250 m pedestrian bridge with a 12 m deck chord and two approximately 32 m tall towers.
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Taylor, Raymond J. "Field applications of prestressed laminated wood bridge decks." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 15, no. 3 (June 1, 1988): 477–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l88-064.

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The concept of prestressing laminated wood bridge decks was conceived in Ontario in 1976 as a method of upgrading existing deteriorated nailed laminated wood decks. The success of this technique as a method of rehabilitation prompted considerable research and development aimed at introducing it into new construction. This work led to the formation of a comprehensive set of design specifications, which have since been adapted into the Ontario highway bridge design code and were included in the 1983 edition.Since its inception in 1976, the prestressed wood concept has been used many times, and by 1985, more than 16 bridges incorporated the concept in various ways. The objective of this paper is to discuss a number of these field structures in order to demonstrate the flexibility of the prestressed wood deck system. In new construction, the system has been applied to both longitudinally and transversely laminated decks including on-site deck assembly as well as a preassembled deck panel system.The paper describes the applicability of the system, construction sequence, and field problems. In addition, construction costs for some of the applications, as derived from field data, are discussed. Key words: wood, bridges, prestressed wood decks, laminated decks, preassembled deck panels.
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Yazdani, Nur, Joy O. Kadnar, James A. Kainz, and Mike Ritter. "Parametric Study on Behavior of Stress-Laminated Southern Pine Bridge Decks." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1740, no. 1 (January 2000): 85–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1740-11.

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Stress-laminated timber bridge decks have gained popularity in the United States in recent years. As with all wood exposed to the environment, wood for these decks must be treated with preservatives. There has been reluctance to build chromated copper arsenate (CCA)-treated wood bridges because of concerns about dimensional stability. Because no research has been undertaken to investigate the use of CCA-treated southern pine stress-laminated bridge decks, a good resource for economical rural bridges has remained untapped. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the performance of various wood preservatives on stress-laminated southern pine bridge decks. A total of nine decks with seven different preservatives were built and exposed to the environment for more than 2 years. Force levels in prestressing rods and wood moisture contents from each deck were continuously monitored. It was found that the short-term variations in the rod stress levels are less for decks with oil-type preservatives than for decks with CCA preservatives. The long-term performances of decks with both preservative types were found to be similar. The anchorage effect on deck performance was found to be negligible.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bridges Wooden bridges. Laminated wood"

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King, Bryan L. "Wood deck bridges-stress laminated wood panels on steel beams." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2001. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1860.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2001.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 157 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 96).
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Xu, Han. "Development of FRP-Glulam Panel for Bridge Deck Replacement." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2001. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/XuH2001.pdf.

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Gamache, Christopher P. "Preliminary Investigation on the Durability of FRP Reinforced Glulam Bridge Girders." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2001. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/GamacheCP2001.pdf.

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Richie, Matthew. "Fatigue Behavior of FRP-Reinforced Douglas-Fir Glued Laminated Bridge Girders." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2003. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/RichieMC2003.pdf.

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Acosta, Caio Cesar Veloso. "Tabuleiro laminado protendido de Pinus sp. com cordoalhas engraxadas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-27042015-112922/.

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O tabuleiro laminado protendido é uma composição de peças interligadas por uma tensão de compressão aplicada perpendicularmente às lâminas de madeira. Para aplicar tal tensão, são usados elementos de aço tensionados e a cordoalha engraxada aparece no cenário atual como um material econômico para tabuleiros laminados protendidos, em substituição às barras dywidag, que são comumente utilizadas neste tipo de estrutura em outros países. O funcionamento mecânico do tabuleiro é caracterizado como uma placa ortotrópica, e este trabalho visou determinar as relações entre as constantes elásticas do tabuleiro com a utilização da cordoalha engraxada. Foram analisadas também as perdas de protensão ocorridas ao longo do tempo, causadas pela fluência e relaxação dos materiais e, a partir dos resultados, foi proposta uma equação para determinação teórica da perda de protensão nos tabuleiros. O estudo experimental foi realizado em um modelo em escala reduzida construído no LaMEM (Laboratório de Madeiras e Estruturas de Madeira) para determinar as constantes elásticas e as perdas de protensão. Ao fim do trabalho são apresentados os resultados e comparações com estudos anteriores; também foi confeccionado um Manual de Boa Execução para Tabuleiros Laminados Protendidos de Madeira com Cordoalha engraxada.
The stress-laminated bridge deck is a composition of parts, interconnected by compression stress, perpendicularly applied to the wood laminate. In order to apply such stress, stressed steel elements are used, as well as the greased wire rope, which comes along in the current scenario as an economic material for stress-laminated bridge decks, replacing the dywidag bars, commonly used in this sort of structure in other countries. This bridge deck mechanic function is characterized as an orthotropic plate, and this paper aimed at determining the relation among the decks elastic constants with the greased wire rope. Another analyzed point is the stress loss occurred through time, caused by material creep and relaxation, and, through the results, an equation for the decks stress loss theoretical determination was proposed. The experimental study was developed in a reduced scale built in LaMEM (Laboratório de Madeiras e Estruturas de Madeira) to determine the elastic constants and the stress loss. The results and comparisons with previous studies are presented by the end of this paper; In addition, a handbook of Proper Execution for Stress-laminated Wood Bridge Decks with Greased Wire Rope was developed.
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Horyna, Tomás. "Dynamic analysis of bridges with laminated wood girders." Thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/3996.

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The response of bridges due to loading by heavy vehicles is one of the important aspects of bridge design. The effects of traffic on the response are significant if the bridge is a short and light-weight structure and the vehicle is very heavy. This is the case of a loaded logging truck passing over a logging bridge. The passage of a vehicle over a bridge is a complex dynamic problem and, for simplicity, bridge design codes treat it in a pseudostatic manner. Generally, the codes require a static analysis of the bridge using a specified design truck. The static response of the bridge is then multiplied by a dynamic load allowance factor in order to account for the dynamic response. The timber industry is one of the most important in the province of British Columbia and transportation of its products is a significant part of this industry. Logging bridges made from wood form an important element of this transportation network and their optimal design is, therefore, of importance to the province. However, provisions of bridge design codes are mostly supported by investigations conducted on highway bridges. Such is the case of the new Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code (CHBDC), which is now being prepared in Canada for release in 1996. It is desirable, therefore, to investigate if the recommendations of CHBDC for wooden bridges correspond with the actual response of a logging bridge loaded with a passing logging truck. The objective of this study was to develop a tool to perform dynamic analysis of the system logging bridge - logging truck and to verify, that the dynamic load allowance factor from the CHBDC represents adequately the dynamic amplification factor obtained from dynamic analysis of the system logging bridge - logging truck. A numerical model to simulate the passage of a vehicle over a bridge was developed. The model was calibrated with results of ambient and forced vibration testing of an existing bridge. Finally, dynamic amplification factors were obtained from numerical simulations and compared with CHBDC provisions. The results of this study showed that these provisions are generally adequate for wooden logging bridges.
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Lehan, Andrew Robert. "Development of a Slab-on-Girder Wood-concrete Composite Highway Bridge." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/32480.

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This thesis examines the development of a superstructure for a slab-on-girder wood-concrete composite highway bridge. Wood-concrete composite bridges have existed since the 1930's. Historically, they have been limited to spans of less than 10 m. Renewed research interest over the past two decades has shown great potential for longer span capabilities. Through composite action and suitable detailing, improvements in strength, stiffness, and durability can be achieved versus conventional wood bridges. The bridge makes use of a slender ultra-high performance fibre-reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) deck made partially-composite in longitudinal bending with glued-laminated wood girders. Longitudinal external unbonded post-tensioning is utilized to increase span capabilities. Prefabrication using double-T modules minimizes the need for cast-in-place concrete on-site. Durability is realized through the highly impermeable deck slab that protects the girders from moisture. Results show that the system can span up to 30 m while achieving span-to-depth ratios equivalent or better than competing slab-on-girder bridges.
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Books on the topic "Bridges Wooden bridges. Laminated wood"

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Kainz, James A. Analysis of thermal change in stress-laminated timber bridge decks. [Madison, WI]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, National Wood in Transportation Information Center, in cooperation with the U.S. Dept. of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, 2001.

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Dimakis, A. G. Behavior of stress-laminated parallel-chord timber bridge decks: Experimental and analytical studies. Madison, WI (One Gifford Pinchot Dr., Madison 53705-2398): U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, 1992.

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Dimakis, A. G. Behavior of stress-laminated parallel-chord timber bridge decks: Experimental and analytical studies. Madison, WI (One Gifford Pinchot Dr., Madison 53705-2398): U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, 1992.

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Dimakis, A. G. Behavior of stress-laminated parallel-chord timber bridge decks: Experimental and analytical studies. Madison, WI (One Gifford Pinchot Dr., Madison 53705-2398): U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, 1992.

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Dimakis, A. G. Behavior of stress-laminated parallel-chord timber bridge decks: Experimental and analytical studies. Madison, WI (One Gifford Pinchot Dr., Madison 53705-2398): U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, 1992.

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Kainz, James A. Effect of wood preservatives on stress-laminated southern pine bridge test decks. [Madison, WI]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, 2001.

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Kainz, James A. Effect of wood preservatives on stress-laminated southern pine bridge test decks. [Madison, WI]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, 2001.

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Taylor, Raymond J. Wood highway bridges. Ottawa, Ont: Canadian Wood Council, 1992.

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Limaye, Vidyadhar N. Experimental and analytical investigation on grout laminated log decks. Halifax: Nova Scotia CAD/CAM Centre, Dalhousie University, 1999.

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National, Conference on Wood Transportation Structures (1996 Madison Wis ). National Conference on Wood Transportation Structures. Madison, WI: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "Bridges Wooden bridges. Laminated wood"

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Tardini, Chiara. "Theory and Tests on Wood Elements in the Nineteenth Century in Architecture and Engineering French Treatises." In Toward Structural Mechanics Through Wooden Bridges in France (1716-1841), 33–60. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00287-3_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Bridges Wooden bridges. Laminated wood"

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Aoki, Masato, and Fumio Seki. "Study on 3D Truss Flexible Shape Bridge Using Origami Engineering." In Footbridge 2022 (Madrid): Creating Experience. Madrid, Spain: Asociación Española de Ingeniería Estructural, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24904/footbridge2022.225.

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<p>The purpose of this paper is to propose a design method when designing a bridge from origami engineering. Origami engineering has the characteristics of "foldable", "high rigidity" and "engineering design".</p><p>Origami engineering is widely used from interior design to the space field. There are various types, but in this paper, we focus on Yoshimura folds. Focusing on the characteristics of Yoshimura folds, we use it as the main girder of the bridge in this study. Analyze the properties of Yoshimura folds and devise a bridge model. Bridge modeling is determined by the section angle θ, the relationship between span and rise, and the relationship between girder height and span. Make a model and check the folding behavior. Determine the parameters for making a wooden bridge with a span of 8 m. Finite element method analysis and eigenvalue analysis are performed from the determined parameters. Stress analysis and resonance are examined based on the analysis results. Finally designed and produce a wooden footbridge.</p><p>In this study, we designed and constructed one design proposal using origami engineering. By limiting the material to wood, it became a bridge like this one. However, it can be said that various shapes can be expected depending on the material. In the future, we can expect various designs for deployable bridges using origami engineering.</p>
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