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Blevins, Claire E. "The Impact of Motives-Related Feedback on Drinking to Cope Among College Students." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/73573.
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Motives for alcohol use are associated with distinct antecedents and consequences. Drinking alcohol to cope with negative affect is consistently associated with the most problematic patterns of use. Interventions targeting drinking to cope are needed. This randomized controlled treatment trial evaluated the impact of a brief coping motive feedback-based intervention on motives and problematic outcomes associated with drinking. In addition, a more comprehensive model of the antecedents and consequences of drinking to cope was tested. The study randomized 170 participants to receive either a brief Standard Feedback Condition (SFC; n = 83) or a Motives Feedback Condition (MFC; n = 87) that added education and feedback on drinking to cope as well as alternate coping strategies. Significant reductions in drinking to cope with depression were greater in the MFC at the 2-month follow-up, but the intervention's effect on drinking to cope with anxiety did not reach conventional levels of statistical significance. Significant reductions in drinking and negative consequences were observed but did not differ significantly by condition. Change in coping with depression motives mediated the effect of the intervention on outcomes of drinking and negative consequences. Partial support was found for a structural model linking antecedents of use, coping motives, and consequences associated with substance use. This study is a promising new direction in motives research, providing support for brief interventions incorporating motives-related feedback and for furthering our understanding of the origins and consequences of drinking to cope with negative affect.Ph. D.
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Golubski, Martha Mae. "HOW COPING, PTSD, AND TREATMENT PREFERENCES INTERACT?" Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1402652374.
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Bridi, Kelen Patricia Bürke. "Estratégias de coping em pacientes com transtorno bipolar e em seus familiares." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/131185.
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Introdução: Pacientes com Transtorno Bipolar (TB) e seus familiares apresentam níveis de estresse significativamente mais elevados que a população geral. Coping, utilizado para gerenciar situações estressantes, tem sido alvo de investigação e intervenções psicossociais em pacientes bipolares, auxiliando-os no manejo destes fatores e melhorando desfechos clínicos no tratamento. Objetivos: O presente estudo tem por objetivo primário comparar pacientes com TB, seus familiares de primeiro grau e um grupo de controles saudáveis quanto ao uso de estratégias de coping adaptativas e desadaptativas. Como objetivos secundários, serão feitas análises explorando diferenças de tipos específicos de coping utilizados pelos indivíduos dos diferentes grupos (pacientes, familiares e controles), através da escala Brief COPE. Outras correlações com variáveis clínicas serão exploradas, como fatores sociodemográficos e clínicos, buscando encontrar relações com as estratégias de coping na amostra de pacientes com TB. Método: Trata-se de um estudo transversal com amostragem por conveniência. O estudo incluiu 36 pacientes eutímicos com TB, 39 familiares de primeiro grau destes pacientes e 44 controles. As estratégias de coping foram avaliadas através da Escala Brief COPE. Resultados: Diferenças significativas foram encontradas quanto ao uso de estratégias adaptativas e desadaptativas entre pacientes, familiares e controles. Pacientes utilizam em menor grau estratégias adaptativas, quando comparados aos controles. Por outro lado, os familiares demonstram maior uso de estratégias desadaptativas, semelhante ao que é observado nos pacientes, diferindo do grupo controle. Limitações: O tamanho amostral é um importante limitador para as conclusões do estudo. Ainda, as conclusões foram baseadas em dados transversais. A utilização de avaliações psicológicas e clínicas em estudos longitudinais permitiriam um melhor mapeamento das mudanças ou manutenção nos padrões psicológicos dos participantes. Conclusões: O grupo de familiares encontra-se em um nível intermediário entre pacientes e controles, ou seja, familiares fazem uso de estratégias desadaptativas em níveis semelhantes ao grupo de pacientes, mas apresentam maior uso de estratégias adaptativas, assim como o grupo controle. Intervenções psicossociais com este grupo são justificadas, favorecendo o uso das estratégias adaptativas em detrimento das estratégias desadaptativas.Background: Patients with Bipolar disorder (BD) and their relatives exhibit significantly higher stress levels than the general population. Coping strategies, used to manage stressful situations, have been the subject of research and have also been used in psychosocial interventions with bipolar patients in order to help them manage stress factors and improve the clinical outcome of treatment. Objectives: This study has the objective to compare BD patients, their first-degree relatives and a group of healthy controls on the use of adaptive strategies and maladaptive coping. The specific objectives, analyzes will be made by exploiting differences in specific types of coping used by individuals from different groups (patients, relatives and controls) through the Brief COPE scale. Other correlations with clinical variables will be explored, such as demographic and clinical factors, trying to find relations with coping strategies in the sample of patients with BD. Method: This was a cross-sectional study with sampling by convenience, enrolling 36 patients with BD, 39 of their first-degree relatives and 44 controls. Coping strategies were assessed using the Brief COPE scale. Results: Significant differences were detected between use of adaptive and maladaptive strategies by patients, patients' relatives and controls. Patients used adaptive strategies less often than the patients' relatives and controls. In contrast, the patients' relatives reported greater use of maladaptive strategies than the controls and were similar to the patients in this respect. Limitations: The sample size is an important factor limiting the conclusions that can be drawn from this study. Furthermore, these conclusions are based on cross-sectional data. Conclusions: The group of patients' relatives were at an intermediate level between the patients and the healthy controls, i.e. family make use of maladaptive strategies at similar levels to the group of patients, but greater use of adaptive strategies, as well as the control group. This group merits psychosocial interventions to encourage use of adaptive strategies rather than maladaptive strategies.
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Clang, Marylin. "Personlighetstyp och vuxen anknytning som prediktion av copingstrategier." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Fakulteten för lärarutbildning, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-22123.
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Individuella skillnader i val av copingstrategier är en viktig del av stresshantering och i förlängningen sannolikheten att drabbas av stressrelaterad ohälsa. Syftet med studien var att predicera copingstrategier utifrån personlighet och vuxen anknytning och att undersöka korrelationer mellan personlighet och vuxen anknytning. 174 vuxna deltagare (män = 40) i åldrarna mellan 19 och 83 år svarade på enkäten som bestod av Big Five Inventory (BFI), Erfarenheter av Nära Relationer (ENR) och Brief COPE. BFI mäter personlighetsdragen enligt femfaktormodellen, ENR mäter anknytningsstil enligt de två dimensionerna undvikande respektive ångestladdad anknytning. Brief COPE mäter coping enligt 14 delskalor som kan delas in i problemfokuserad, känslofokuserad och dysfunktionell (undvikande) coping. Resultat avseende korrelationer visade att det fanns en negativ korrelation mellan undvikande anknytning och vänlighet, extraversion samt samvetsgrannhet. Undvikande anknytning och neuroticism korrelerade positivt. Ångestladdad anknytning var svagt negativt korrelerad med samvetsgrannhet samt positivt korrelerad med neuroticism. Ingen av anknytningsstilarna var signifikant korrelerade med öppenhet. Multipla regressionsanalyser visade att extraversion, öppenhet, samvetsgrannhet och undvikande anknytning predicerade problemfokuserad coping. Känslofokuserad coping predicerades av neuroticism och extraversion. Extraversion och undvikande anknytning predicerade socialt stöd. Självanklagelse predicerades av neuroticism. Neuroticism och ångestladdad anknytning predicerade dysfunktionell coping. Personlighet och anknytning kunde tillsammans predicera problemfokuserad och dysfunktionell coping samt socialt stöd. Anknytning bidrog med unik varians för coping utöver personlighetsdimensionerna. Dock bidrog anknytning med relativt lite förklarad varians även om resultatet var signifikant.Individual differences in choosing coping strategies are an important part of stress management, thereby affecting the risk of health problems related to stress in the long run. The purpose of this study was the prediction of coping strategies from personality and adult attachment and the examination of correlations between coping and adult attachment. 174 adult participants (men = 40) in the ages between 19 and 83 answered a survey comprised of the Big Five Inventory (BFI), Experiences of Close Relationships (ECR) and Brief COPE. BFI measures personality according to the five-factor model. ECR measures attachment according to the two dimensions of avoidant and anxious attachment. Brief COPE measures coping according to 14 subscales which may be divided into problem-focused, emotion-focused, and dysfunctional (avoidance) coping. Results regarding correlations show that there is a negative correlation between avoidant attachment and agreeableness, extraversion, and conscientiousness. There was a positive correlation between avoidant attachment and neuroticism. No significant correlation between attachment and openness was found. Multiple regression analyses show that extraversion, openness, conscientiousness, and avoidant attachment predicted problem-focused coping. Neuroticism and extraversion predicted emotion-focused coping. Social support was predicted by extraversion and avoidant attachment. Neuroticism predicted self-blame. Dysfunctional coping was predicted by neuroticism and anxious attachment. Together, personality and attachment predicted problem-focused and dysfunctional coping, as well as social support. Attachment added unique variance compared to personality alone. However, even though significant, the unique variance contributed by attachment was relatively small.
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Fonseca, Patrícia Isabel Cuco da. "Estratégias de coping utilizadas por famílias portuguesas e espanholas para alcançar um equilíbrio trabalho-família." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/18574.
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O estudo do equilíbrio trabalho-família não é recente. Em 1985, Greenhaus e Beutell definiram o conflito trabalho-família como um tipo de conflito originado na incompatibilidade da pressão exercida entre diferentes papéis de um indivíduo. Uma das formas de lidar com este é através de estratégias de coping. Assim, o presente estudo procurou comparar diferenças entre as estratégias utilizadas por famílias portuguesas e espanholas. Aplicaram-se as versões adaptadas dos instrumentos SWING e Brief COPE a uma amostra de 409 participantes portugueses e 158 espanhóis, de diferentes estruturas familiares, com ou sem dependentes. Foram corroboradas relações entre o Equilibrio e variáveis sociodemográficas, e foi comprovada a capacidade preditora do equilíbrio sobre as estratégias de coping utilizadas. É essencial que os estudos futuros considerem certos aspectos das variáveis sociodemográficas (ex.: duração do emprego, idade dos dependentes, etc.), e o desenvolvimento de modelos de coping relativos ao conflito trabalho-família; Coping Strategies used by Portuguese and Spanish Families to achieve a Work-Family Balance
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The study of work-family balance is not recent. In 1985, Greenhaus & Beutell defined work-family conflict as a type of conflict originated in the incompatible pressure between the individual’s different social roles. One way to deal with this is through coping strategies. Hence, the present study has sought to compare differences between strategies used by Portuguese and Spanish families. The SWING and Brief COPE adaptations were applied to a sample of 409 Portuguese and 158 Spanish participants, from different family structures, with or without dependents. A relationship between Balance and sociodemographic variables was proven, and balance’s predictive capacity of the strategies used was found. It is essencial for future studies to consider certain aspects of the sociodemographic variables (eg.: duration of employement, dependents’ age, etc.), and the development of coping models directed at work-family conflict.
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Pauly, Devin Matthew. "Reactions to a Near Fatal Accident: An Investigation of Emotion and Coping Responses." TopSCHOLAR®, 2012. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1173.
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A 12-month longitudinal study assessed the emotional reactions of an intercollegiate athletic team to a near fatal bus incident. PANAS-X and the Brief COPE, administered on five occasions, indicated NA declined over time. Most coping strategies showed significant changes in trajectory. Acceptance and Positive Reframing were high across waves.
In October 2010, an intercollegiate athletic team and coaching staff were traveling by sleeper bus to an out-of-state match. The team members and coaches were in the back of the bus when they felt the bus swaying and heard the tires hit the rumble strips. The head coach went forward to find the bus driver unconscious and slumped over the steering wheel. Although the bus swerved into the oncoming lane of interstate traffic and back onto the other shoulder, the coach was able to steer the bus and stop it safely on the side of the road. The bus driver had suffered a fatal heart attack; fortunately, the coaches and players survived with only minor injuries. This study is a longitudinal follow up assessing the emotional reactions of the coaches and team to the bus incident across a twelve-month time frame. The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule - Expanded (PANAS-X; Watson & Clark, 1994) and the Brief COPE (Carver, 1997) were administered on five occasions. Negative affect declined over time, with a larger drop in waves more proximal to the incident. Positive affect demonstrated a curvilinear pattern showing increases on the second and third wave but dropped off at the end of the spring semester 2011 and the beginning of the fall semester 2011. There were significant changes in the coping trajectories for 10 of the 14 coping strategies from the Brief COPE. These data are of particular interest as we could locate no other studies in the published literature of individual athlete or team reactions to traumatic travel incidents, although ESPN (Lavigne, 2010) noted that bus safety should be a concern for team travel.
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Martin-Johnson, Kafy-Ann. "Gender and Self-Care Behaviors in the Burnout of Mental Health Professionals." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2367.
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Difficulties experienced at work can cause feelings of burnout that become prolonged and intensified without acts of self-care. The intense nature of mental health workers' jobs may make them, more vulnerable to burnout than other professionals. Because mental health professionals' mental and emotional wellness can significantly affect their work, adequate self-care is critical to both their well-being and that of their clients. Previous researchers have investigated the self-care behaviors of mental health professionals, but little was known about how gender affected the use of these behaviors in burnout prevention among mental health professionals. The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine the relationship between self-care behaviors and burnout among a sample of 325 mental health professionals working in New York. Differences in the ways male and female mental health professionals practiced self-care behaviors were also investigated. Burnout and gender role theories were used as the theoretical framework. Study instruments included the MBI-HSS and the Brief COPE. Multiple regression analysis and independent sample t tests were employed to analyze survey data. Analysis revealed levels of self-care behaviors were significantly predictive of depersonalization, emotional exhaustion, and reduced personal accomplishment. Gender differences in self-care behaviors were indicated for substance use, self-blame, depersonalization, emotional exhaustion, and reduced personal accomplishment. Since burnout is a significant problem for many mental health professionals, understanding how self-care affects burnout is critical to promoting behavioral changes among these professionals. Self-care among mental health professionals may improve their professional and personal lives.
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Timmons, Kandice L. "Understanding the "Refugee" of Hurricane Katrina: An Exploration of Titles, Time and Post-Traumatic Growth." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1435099944.
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Nyman, David, and Gisela Einars. "Effekter av psykologisk debriefing och avlastningssamtal efter traumatisk händelse hos brandpersonal." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för Lärarutbildning, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-7404.
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Denna uppsats undersöker effekter av psykologisk debriefing och avlastningssamtal efter traumatiska händelser hos brandpersonal. Enkätstudiens fokus låg på brandpersonalens känslomässiga påverkan av traumatiska händelser i arbetet. Femtionio personer deltog i enkätstudien, varav 91 procent upplevt en traumatisk händelse. Det fanns inga signifikanta skillnader i posttraumatiska stressreaktioner och psykologiskt välbefinnande hos brandmän efter traumatisk händelse beroende av huruvida brandmännen deltagit i tidig intervention i form av avlastningssamtal, psykologisk debriefing eller inte medverkat i någon form av tidig intervention.This study investigated the effectiveness of psychological debriefing after traumatic events among professional firefighters. We sought to understand the emotional effect of traumatic events in daily work. To examine this, a survey was conducted with 59 firefighters and among these 91 percent had experienced a traumatic event. There were no significant difference in post trauma reactions and psychological well being among firefighters after traumatic event depending on participate or not participate in psychological debriefing.
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Liu, Charles. "Brief Surgical Procedure Code Lists for Outcomes Measurement and Quality Improvement in Resource-Limited Settings." Thesis, Harvard University, 2016. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:27007744.
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Conditions amenable to surgery represent a significant portion of the burden of disease worldwide, accounting for 10% of deaths and 14% of disability-adjusted life years lost. Today, however, over five billion people worldwide lack access to safe, timely, and affordable surgical care, and the outcomes experienced by surgical patients are least understood in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
An important barrier to improving access to and quality of surgical care in resource-poor settings is the dearth of reliable data, due in part to the lack of a standardized system for classifying surgical procedures. The applicability of existing procedure coding systems in LMIC hospital settings is limited by their size, complexity, and cost of implementation. The coding of surgical procedures has been a particular challenge in Uganda and at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital (MRRH), a 323-bed hospital and one of the country’s busiest surgical centers. A brief procedure code list could improve data collection for administrative, quality improvement, and research purposes at MRRH and in other resource-limited settings.
Here, we describe the creation and validation of three abbreviated surgical procedure code lists at MRRH. We reviewed operating room logbooks to identify all surgical operations performed between January 1 and December 31, 2014. Based on the documented indication for surgery and procedure(s) performed, we assigned each operation up to four procedure codes from the International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM), Volume 3. These codes were aggregated to generate procedure code lists. Each surgical procedure was assigned codes by one of two investigators working independently, and a random 20% of procedures were assigned codes by both investigators to evaluate inter-rater reliability.
During the one-year study period, 6464 surgical procedures were performed at MRRH, to which we assigned 435 unique procedure codes. The Kappa statistic representing inter-rater reliability in assignment of codes was 0.7037. 111 procedure codes represented 90% of codes assigned, 180 represented 95%, and 278 represented 98%. These constituted short, intermediate-sized, and long code lists, respectively.
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Servo, Denise Kay. "Theory of planned behavior constructs as mediators of behavior change associated with a brief alcohol intervention." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2008. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.
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Carlson, Timothy Joseph. "Sand Creek revisited a study of the history, causes and legacy of the first major division in the Stone-Campbell heritage, with a brief history of three core congregations /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1996. http://www.tren.com.
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Emídio, Márcia Liliana da Silva. "Características psicométricas da escala brief cope numa amostra de famílias portuguesas em risco psicossocial." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/15509.
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As famílias em risco psicossocial estão muitas vezes expostas a situações de risco, podendo aumentar os níveis de stresse e, consequentemente, adotar estratégias de enfrentamento desajustadas ou inadequadas. Assim, dispor de instrumentos validados e adaptados a este grupo que avaliem as estratégias e estilos de enfrentamento (coping), é de suma importância tanto para avaliar o contexto familiar como para implementar programas de intervenção.
A presente investigação teve como objetivo analisar as características psicométricas, a estrutura fatorial do instrumento Brief COPE e a validade de critério com outras medidas do funcionamento familiar (FACES, PSI-SF) numa amostra constituída por 116 pais de crianças com idades compreendidas entre os 0 e os 13 anos, residentes no Algarve.
Para validar a estrutura fatorial do Brief COPE foi utilizada a Análise Fatorial Confirmatória (AFC), encontrando um modelo ajustado composto por uma solução final de 14 fatores com um total de 28 itens, semelhante à proposta pelos autores da escala.
Os resultados sugerem que a escala Brief COPE possui boas capacidades psicométricas, com níveis de consistência interna e fiabilidade satisfatórios, sendo válido para ser utilizado com as famílias em risco psicossocial.Families at psychosocial risk are often exposed to situations, which can increase stress levels and, consequently, adopt inadequate coping strategies. Thus, having instruments validated and adapted to this group that evaluate coping strategies and styles is of paramount importance both to evaluate the family context and to implement intervention programs. The present investigation aimed to analyze the psychometric characteristics, the factorial structure of the Brief COPE instrument and the criterion validity with other measures of family functioning (FACES, PSI-SF) in a sample consisting of 116 parents of children aged between 0 and 13 years, living in the Algarve. In order to validate the factorial structure of the Brief COPE, a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used, finding an adjusted model composed of a final factorial solution of 14 factors with a total of 28 items, similar to that proposed by the authors of the scale. The results suggest that the Brief COPE scale has good psychometric characteristics, with satisfactory levels of internal consistency and reliability, being valid for use with families at psychosocial risk. Keywords:
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Krejčová, Monika. "Charakteristické odlišnosti ve vyrovnávání se s rozchodem u lidí s rozdílnou časovou orientací." Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-348249.
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The thesis deals with the relationship between one's time perspective and their ability to cope with the termination of the relationship. The time perspective is composed of five temporal orientations - past positive, past negative, present hedonistic, present fatalistic and future - which differ from each other in personality characteristics and their influence on human behavior. Our aim was to explore the differences among them in the choice of coping strategies in dealing with a breakup and verify the hypothesis. The following methods were used in the research: Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI), questions concerning respondent's breakup and Brief COPE, which measured a total of 14 coping strategies on a sample of 237 respondents. The results confirmed the different choices of coping strategies among five time orientations. Although it was not proved that some temporal orientations (past negative) would cope with the breakup more problematically, it seems, however, that these ones mostly use maladaptive coping strategies which can make their breakup adjustment harder. In the conclusion, therefore, are also considered the possibilities of application of our results in psychological counseling practice. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Semedo, Maria Madalena Fernandes. "Depressão, estratégias de coping e resiliência : estudo transcultural com imigrantes cabo-verdianos e brasileiros." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10437/7135.
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Orientação: Marina CarvalhoO presente estudo teve como principal objetivo analisar a relação entre a depressão, as estratégias de coping e a resiliência em imigrantes Cabo-Verdianos e Brasileiros. A amostra foi constituída por 100 participantes, 50 imigrantes Cabo-Verdianos e 50 Brasileiros, 50 do género feminino e 50 do género masculino que preencheram um protocolo de autoavaliação composta pelo, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-I, Beck et al, 1961; adaptada por Adriano Vaz Serra, 1973), a Brief COPE (Brief COPE; Carver, Scheier, & Weintraub, 1989; versão Portuguesa Pais-Ribeiro & Rodrigues, 2004) e a Resilience Scale (Wagnild, & Young, 1993;versão Portuguesa Carvalho & Leal, 2012). Os resultados demonstraram que a elevada depressão esteve relacionada com menos utilização de estratégias de coping e menos nível de resiliência, tal como seria esperado. Na comparação entre os grupos para a utilização de estratégias de coping, os resultados evidenciaram que os imigrantes Brasileiros utilizam mais estratégias de coping do que os imigrantes Cabo-Verdianos. Relativamente aos indícios de sintomatologia depressiva, a maioria dos imigrantes apresentam ausência de sintomatologia depressiva. Os resultados obtidos foram analisados com base na literatura.
This study aimed to analyze the relationship between depression, coping strategies and resilience in Cape Verdean and Brazilian immigrants. The sample consisted of 100 participants, 50 immigrants Cape Verdean and 50 Brazilians, 50 female and 50 male gender who completed a self-assessment protocol consists of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-I, Beck et al, 1961; adapted by Adriano Vaz Serra, 1973), the Brief COPE (Brief COPE, Carver, Scheier, & Weintraub, 1989; English version Pais-Ribeiro & Rodrigues, 2004) and the Resilience Scale (Wagnild, & Young, 1993; English version Carvalho & Leal, 2012). The results demonstrated that the high depression was associated with less use of coping strategies and less resiliency level, as would be expected. Comparing the groups for the use of coping strategies, the results showed that Brazilian immigrants use more coping strategies than the Cape Verdean immigrants. With regard to depressive symptomatology of evidence, most immigrants present absence of depressive symptoms. The results were analyzed based on the literature.
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Silva, Tânia Raquel Maurício da. "O stresse, síndrome de burnout e estratégias de coping em estudantes trabalhadores e não trabalhadores." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10437/7148.
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Orientação: Bárbara GonzalezNa presente dissertação pretende-se estudar o stresse, síndrome de burnout e estratégias de coping em estudantes trabalhadores e não trabalhadores, numa amostra de 264 estudantes universitários em que 46.2% trabalham e 53.8% não trabalham. Para este efeito foi utilizado um questionário sócio demográfico de forma a obter dados pessoais fundamentais para o estudo, bem como duas escalas de autopreenchimento: Brief Cope – Instrumento de Avaliação de Coping – que possui 14 dimensões e 28 itens (Carver, 1997); e o MBI-SS – Inventário de Burnout de Maslach para Estudantes – que possui 3 dimensões e 15 itens, adaptada por Schaufeli e seus colaboradores (2001). Os resultados demonstraram que a negação é peditora de descrença, bem como que as estratégias de coping reinterpretação positiva e coping ativo apresentam uma relação negativa com a exaustão e descrença e uma relação positiva com a eficácia profissional. Contudo, ao contrário do esperado, não ocorreram diferenças significativas entre os dois grupos em estudo, o que é discutido à luz da literatura.
The aim of this research was to evaluate stress, burnout syndrome and coping strategies of working and non-working students, on a sample of 264 college students, which 46.3% worked and 53.8% did not work. The instruments used were one demographic questionnaire, in order to identify important personal data for this study, as well as two self-completion evaluation scales: Brief Cope – the instrument to evaluate coping – that has 14 dimensions and 28 itens (Carver, 1997); and MBI-SS – Maslach Burnout Inventory Student Survey – that has 3 dimensions and 15 itens, adaptated by Schaufeli and his contributors (2001). Results show that denial can predict disbelief, as well as the coping strategies such as positive reinterpretation and active coping are negatively related to exhaustion and disbelief, and a positive relation with professional efficiency. However, significant differences among the two groups in study did not occur.
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Ferreira, Elisabete Sofia Dias. "Ansiedade aos exames em estudantes universitários: relação com stresse académico, estratégias de coping e satisfação académica." Master's thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10437/6021.
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Orientação: Joana Brites RosaO ensino superior é num primeiro momento marcado por muitas expetativas mas é também um longo percurso onde podem surgir situações problemáticas, diferentes consoante as etapas. O objetivo principal deste estudo foi o de compreender de que modo a ansiedade aos exames, por parte dos estudantes universitários, pode ser estudada, tendo em conta o stresse académico, as estratégias de coping e a satisfação académica. A amostra foi constituída por 187 estudantes da Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, sendo a média de idades 24,0 anos (DP=7,56) para o sexo feminino e de 25,2 anos (DP=8,00) para o sexo masculino. Procedeu-se a uma caraterização sociodemográfica da amostra e recorreu-se à aplicação de quatro instrumentos: o Student Stress Inventory, SSI (Dobson e Metcalfe, 1983), o Reactions to Tests, RTT (Irwin G. Sarason, 1984), o Brief Cope, COPE (J. L. Pais Ribeiro e A. P. Rodrigues, 2004) e o Questionário de Satisfação Académica, QSA (Soares e Almeida, 2001). Conclui-se que ao nível do stresse académico, na variável exigências da vida académica as mulheres apresentam valores mais elevados do que os homens. Na incerteza face ao futuro, pressões avaliativas e pressões parentais não se verificaram diferenças estatisticamente significativas. A ansiedade aos exames mostrou-se correlacionada com o stresse académico, com algumas estratégias de coping e de forma negativa com a satisfação académica.
Higher education is at first marked by many expectations but is also a long way problematic situations may arise where, depending on the different stages. The main objective of this study was to understand the examinations that anxiety on the part of college students so can be studied taking into account the academic stress, coping strategies and academic satisfaction. The sample consisted of 187 students from of Lusófona University, with being average 24,0 (SD=7,56) for females and 25,2 (SD= 8,00) for the male. A socio-demographic characterization of the sample was carried out and four measures were used SSI (Dobson e Metcalfe, 1983), RTT (Irwin G. Sarason, 1984), COPE (J. L. Pais Ribeiro e A. P. Rodrigues, 2004) and QSA (Soares e Almeida, 2001). It was concluded that on the academic stress, women present higher scores on the variable demands of academic life than compared to men. It not was found significant differences in the uncertainty regarding future, evaluative pressures and parental pressures there were no statistically significant differences. The anxiety of the examinations showed to be correlated with academic stress, with some coping strategies and negatively with academic satisfaction.
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Silva, Bárbara Ribeiro da. "Estratégias de coping, adesão ao tratamento e qualidade de vida em jovens adultos e adultos com condições crónicas de saúde." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10437/7905.
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Orientação: Raquel PiresAs doenças crónicas são de longa duração, produzem incapacidade e exigem do doente a adaptação a várias mudanças na sua vida. Nos jovens adultos, o impacto da doença crónica pode ser particularmente elevado, em função da necessidade de adaptação a diversas dificuldades incomuns nesta faixa etária, tais como as que dizem respeito a assumir novas obrigações, modificar hábitos de vida, gerir os tratamentos, conhecer a doença e lidar com as suas limitações físicas. Considerando a doença crónica como uma condição potencialmente indutora de stress, a forma como ela é percebida pelo indivíduo, que depende da sua própria representação de doença e das estratégias que adota face ao novo estado de saúde, influencia os comportamentos de adesão, o que poderá refletir-se ao nível da qualidade de vida. A presente investigação consistiu num estudo transversal, com o objetivo de analisar as associações entre estratégias de coping específicas, adesão ao tratamento e qualidade de vida em jovens adultos e adultos com condições crónicas de saúde, bem como testar o papel mediador da adesão ao tratamento na relação entre estratégias de coping e qualidade de vida. Procurou-se ainda averiguar o potencial papel moderador do grupo etário nestes processos. Para o efeito, foi utilizado um questionário sociodemográfico e clínico e foram recolhidos dados através dos seguintes instrumentos: Brief Cope, Medida de Adesão aos Tratamentos e EUROHIS-QOL 8. A amostra foi constituída por 111 participantes: 60 jovens adultos e 51 adultos. Os resultados obtidos revelam que não se verificaram diferenças significativas nos níveis de qualidade de vida (t (109) = 0.023; p =.932) nem de adesão aos tratamentos (t (108) = -.117; p=.907) apresentados pelos dois grupos. Relativamente aos efeitos da adesão aos tratamentos e do humor verificou-se que quanto maior a adesão aos tratamentos e a utilização do humor, maior a qualidade de vida dos indivíduos. Em relação aos efeitos de interação, quando os indivíduos são jovens adultos, a aceitação e a utilização de suporte instrumental não contribuem para explicar a qualidade de vida. Porém, quando os indivíduos são adultos, a dimensão utilizar suporte instrumental relaciona-se positivamente com a qualidade de vida (b=1.169, t=3.049, p=.003) e a aceitação relaciona-se negativamente com a qualidade de vida (b=-.766, t=-1.742, p=.085).
Chronic diseases are long-term, produce disability and require the patient to adapt to various changes in your life. In young adults, the impact of chronic disease can be particularly high, due to the need to adapt to several unusual difficulties in this age group, such as those relating to new obligations, modify lifestyle habits, manage treatment, know the disease and deal with their physical limitations. Considering the chronic disease as a potentially inducing condition of stress, how it is perceived by the individual, it depends on your own representation of disease and the strategies adopted against the new health influences the adherence behaviors, which may be reflected in the quality of life. This research consisted of a cross-sectional study aimed to examine the associations between specific coping strategies, treatment adherence and quality of life in young adults and adults with chronic health conditions and test the adhesion mediating role to treatment in relationship between coping strategies and quality of life. We sought to further investigate the potential moderating role of the age group in these processes. To this end, a sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire and data were collected was used through the following instruments: Brief Cope, Measure Treatment Adherence and EUROHIS-QOL 8. The sample consisted of 111 participants: 60 young adults and 51 adults. The results show that there were no significant differences in the levels of quality of life (t (109) = 0.023, p = .932) or adherence to treatment (t (108) = -.117, p = .907) presented by both groups. For purposes of treatment adherence and mood found that the higher the adherence to treatment and the use humor, the higher the quality of life of individuals. Regarding the interaction effects when individuals are young adults, the acceptance and use of instrumental support do not contribute to explain the quality of life. However, when subjects are adults, the size instrumental play support relates positively to the quality of life (b = 1.169, t = 3.049, p = .003) and relates negatively acceptance with the quality of life (b=-.766, t=-1.742, p=.085).
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Bordini, Maria Magali Tochio, and Marina Fonseca Neves. "Comparação do Brief Core Set e Comprehensive Core Set da CIF para a esclerose múltipla, a partir da perspetiva da população portuguesa." Bachelor's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.8/2001.
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Introdução: O desenvolvimento dos Core Sets pretende identificar e agrupar as categorias da CIF que mostram os principais problemas de funcionalidade de indivíduos com uma condição de saúde específica. Este instrumento simplifica o número de categorias da CIF, facilitando a sua utilização na prática clínica.
Objetivos: O objetivo deste estudo consiste em identificar em que medida os problemas percecionados pelos indivíduos portugueses com EM encontram-se representados na versão atual dos Comprehensive And Brief Core Set da CIF para esta condição de saúde, desenvolvido pela Organização Mundial de Saúde.
Metodologia: Foi realizado um estudo qualitativo, com uma amostra de 27 indivíduos com EM, com a recorrência a entrevistas segundo o protocolo de Coenen (2008). Foram utilizadas as escalas Mini Mental State Examination, Self-Administered Comorbidity Questionnaire e a Expanded Disability Status Scale para caraterização da amostra.
Resultados: Foram incluídos no estudo 25 indivíduos, com mediana de idades de 52 anos, dos quais 68% são mulheres e 32% são homens. Foram identificadas 45 das 123 categorias de 2º nível do Comprehensive Core Set e 13 das 19 categorias do Brief Core Set. O teste Qui-Quadrado apresentou um valor de p=0,034, mostrando relação entre as variáveis componentes da CIF identificadas e incapacidade.
Conclusões: Os resultados obtidos sugerem que o Comprehensive Core Set é demasiado específico para alguns problemas identificados e demasiado extenso pois, inclui categorias não relevantes para a população estudada. O Brief Core Set mostrou ser relevante com a perspetiva dos indivíduos. As variáveis incapacidade e componentes da CIF mostram relação de dependência.
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Vurden, Melita. "Ice core : an original collection of stories, plus a brief critical essay on the writing process." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/11318.
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This thesis comprises an original collection of short stories entitled Ice Core, plus a brief self-reflexive essay on the challenges, emphases and informing contexts which influenced the writing process. The stories in Ice Core were envisioned and subsequently arranged as a short story cycle. Because of my interest in the shifting mobilities of geography, history and identity which inform the collection, I deliberately wished to avoid a linear narrative progression, hoping instead to capitalise on the ability of the cycle structure to accrue flexible resonance, to accommodate shifts of foci and voice even while simultaneously consolidating to form a ‘core’ connected to regional place and community. The stories are set in the North Beach area of Durban, so it is no coincidence that water as a motif repeatedly permeates the collection. This is apt for my interest in this urban coastal space, and serves to complement the mobile nature of the short story when positioned within a cycle. In the subsidiary component of the thesis, namely, the brief critical essay, I discuss the short story form as a genre, and conceptual paradigms of the short story cycle, referring to work by critics such as Forrest Ingram (1971) and Sue Marais (1992). The essay goes on to discuss regionalism as a major characteristic establishing realism in a cycle, with reference especially to character identification and distinctive dialogue. I suggest that these elements can animate ‘place’, prompting setting to emerge as the central character of the collection. I also refer to Michel de Certeau’s piece, “Walking in the City” (1998), since Ice Core captures fragments of Durban from a street-level point of view which, according, to de Certeau, is important in understanding the ways in which a city is made meaningful through incessant transformations. The mobility of my stories, then, can be seen to emulate something of the associated mobility of the local urban area on which the stories focus. Through this essay I aim to show the short story genre as not merely the naïve fragmented expression of personal experience or ‘inspired’ imagination but one notable for disciplined and inventive practices.Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2013.
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viegas, Vítor. "Contributo para a Validação do componente Funções Corporais do Core Set do Acidente Vascular Encefálico da Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde - Estudo exploratório na Rede Nacional de Cuidados Continuados Integrados da Região do Algarve Vítor Jorge Silva Viegas Silves, Junho." Master's thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/22890.
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Gomes, Catarina Isabel Marques, Cristiana Filipa Miranda Batista, Sabina Alexandra Trovão Comendinha, and Sara Miriam Canhoto Pacheco. "Pelo olhar de quem não sente a diferença : comparação dos Cores Sets da Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde (CIF) para a Paralisia Cerebral com a perspetiva de crianças/ jovens e cuidadores, de Portugal." Bachelor's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.8/1985.
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Introdução: A CIF foi considerada, por alguns clínicos, como não sendo totalmente viável para a aplicação na rotina clínica, já que este sistema de classificação contém mais de 1400 categorias. Posto isto, o processo de desenvolvimento de Core Sets da CIF tem sido priorizado pela OMS, tornando a CIF acessível para a avaliação das cs específicas. Estes pretendem orientar uma avaliação multidisciplinar abrangente, incluindo as categorias da CIF para descrever, de uma forma suficiente, a funcionalidade e incapacidade dos indivíduos. Contudo, podem existir divergências entre a perspetiva de crianças e jovens portugueses com PC e cuidadores sobre a sua cs e os core sets da CIF estabelecidos para a mesma.
Objetivo: Identificar os problemas percecionados pelas crianças e jovens com paralisia cerebral e pelos cuidadores em Portugal e analisar em que medida estes aspetos são representados pela versão atual do Comprehensive Core Set da CIF para esta cs.
Metodologia: Este estudo é qualitativo, tendo-se utilizado uma amostra conveniente de crianças/jovens com PC e cuidadores. Todos os dados foram recolhidos por meio de entrevistas e posteriormente analisados segundo o protocolo de Coenen. Foi efetuado o linking dos conceitos obtidos das entrevistas para as categorias da CIF, tendo sido comparadas com os Core Sets da CIF para esta condição.
Resultados: Este estudo tem uma amostra de 48 indivíduos, sendo que 28 eram crianças e jovens com PC e os restantes 20 eram cuidadores. A média de idades das crianças/jovens incluídos foi 13,04 (±3,26), sendo que a idade mínima incluída foi 8 anos e a idade máxima, 18 anos. A média de idades dos cuidadores incluídos foi de 35,20 (±8,01) anos, sendo que a idade mínima incluída foi 22 anos e a idade máxima 55 anos. Das 256 categorias identificadas, 101 estão contempladas nas categorias dos Comprehensive Core Set da CIF. Estas encontram-se presentes em 58 categorias de 2º nível dos Comprehensive Core Set de um total de 135, correspondendo a 43% dos mesmos.
Conclusões: Tendo em conta os resultados obtidos, podemos concluir que os Comprehensive Core Set da CIF para a PC contemplam a grande maioria dos problemas percecionados pela população-alvo, ainda que integre várias categorias que não foram relevantes para esta população em estudo.
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Chen, Hung-Wei, and 陳宏偉. "An empirical comparison of the WHOQOL-BREF and St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire in patients with COPD." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/51107108252427683020.
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碩士中國醫藥大學
環境醫學研究所
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Background: A number of questionnaires have been used to assess the quality of life (QOL) of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study compares the performance of the WHOQOL-BREF and the St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) in patients with COPD. Methods: One hundred and thirty male patients diagnosed with COPD were interviewed in person using both the WHOQOL-BREF and SGRQ. The classic psychometric properties of two questionnaires were compared including internal consistency reliability and validity. The modern psychometric properties based on Item response theory (IRT) was used to calibrate the difficulty of items, and the item fit index was also obtained. Finally, item discrimination and item information were calculated to examine which items were adaptive for COPD patients. Results: The domain scores of the WHOQOL-BREF showed less ceiling and floor effect than the SGRQ. Both questionnaires had acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach’s >0.7). The WHOQOL-BREF had higher convergent and discriminant validity success rates (range, 66.7% to 100% and 92.8% to 100%) than the SGRQ (range, 54% to 94% and 82.1% to 91.7%). The cross-correlations showed that the physical domain of the WHOQOL-BREF correlated strongly with activity, impact, and total domain of the SGRQ (r= 0.53-0.59). The SGRQ are more sensitive in detecting patients’ clinical difference than the WHOQOL-BREF. In IRT analysis, the WHOQOL-BREF physical and SGRQ symptom, activity domain provide the appropriate level of difficulty to capture the patient’s latent trait. All Domains of the two questionnaires have less than one misfit items except the WHOQOL-BREF physical domain. The items related to medical characteristics in both questionnaires showed less item information. Conclusions: In general, both questionnaires showed acceptable reliability and validity psychometric properties. The SGRQ had better validity in assessing symptoms and disease-specific measurements. The WHOQOL-BREF provides more subjective and broader QOL measurements.