Relevant bibliographies by topics / Brine Solution

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Brine Solution'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 14 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Brine Solution"

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Ajayi, Toluwaleke. "Investigation of PH effect in a mixture of basalt and iron on co2 sequestration in synthetic brines." International Journal of Advanced Geosciences 7, no. 2 (September 4, 2019): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijag.v7i2.29132.

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CO2 sequestration in deep saline aquifers is a critical component of long-term storage options. It is suggested that the precipitation of mineral carbonates is mostly dependent on brine pH and is favoured above a basic pH of 9.0. However, brine pH will drop to acidic values once CO2 is injected into the brine. Therefore, there is a need to raise brine pH and maintain it stable. Synthetic brines were used here instead of natural brines because of the difficulty in obtaining and storing natural brines. Therefore, experiments were conducted to prepare a series of synthetic brines and to compare their suitability to natural brines for carbon sequestration. A typical formation rock (basalt) and a buffer solution (0.3M Tris buffer solution) were selected to buffer brine pH. The results show that synthetic brines prepared can be used as analogues to natural brines for carbon sequestration studies in terms of chemical composition and pH response. This study investigates the effect of iron ( ) in the pH of six synthetic brines prepared as analogue to oil-field brine by conducting a pH stability studies for CO2-brine experiment and CO2-basalt-brine experiment. In a subsequent step, studies were conducted to correlate how brine samples respond in the presence of basalt and the buffer solution. X-Ray powder Diffraction (XRD) analyses were also carried out to characterise the mineralogy of the synthetic brines. The result of the XRD confirmed that calcite was the major component that was dominated in the -brine–experiment while slight occurrence of calcite, iron oxyhydroxides and dolomite precipitated in the -rock-brine experiment. It was observed that ferric iron and its reaction with host rock (basalt) did not contribute to pH instability therefore making it suitable for precipitation of carbonate mineral while ferrous iron in the absence of host rock did not contribute to pH instability therefore making it also suitable for precipitation of carbonate mineral.
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Sander, W., and H. J. Herbert. "NaC1 crystallization at the MgCl2/NaC1 solution boundary–a possible natural barrier to the transport of radionuclides." Mineralogical Magazine 49, no. 351 (April 1985): 265–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.1985.049.351.13.

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AbstractConcentration, conductivity, temperature, and flow logs from sixteen brine-filled shafts in northern Germany have shown that the brines in all former potash salt mines exhibit a very sharp stratification into lower Mg-rich brine, an upper layer of Na-rich brine, and groundwater at the top. Laboratory experiments have shown that, at the MgCl2-brine/NaCl-brine boundary, both solutions become oversaturated with regard to NaCl, due to diffusion processes. NaCl therefore crystallizes from the solutions and forms a salt plug in the boundary region, which considerably reduces further diffusion. It is concluded that the observed effects would also take place in shafts. The backfilling material helps to nucleate the halite crystals and provides a structure on which they might be supported. The results of these experiments show that the density boundaries in the brine bodies act as barriers against transport of matter while the formation of a halite plug growing independently at the MgCl2/NaCl-brine interface acts as an additional barrier.
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McKINNEY, JULIE, ROBERT C. WILLIAMS, GREGORY D. BOARDMAN, JOSEPH D. EIFERT, and SUSAN S. SUMNER. "Dose of UV Light Required To Inactivate Listeria monocytogenes in Distilled Water, Fresh Brine, and Spent Brine." Journal of Food Protection 72, no. 10 (October 1, 2009): 2144–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-72.10.2144.

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The purpose of this research was to establish the dose of UV light (253.7 nm) needed to inactivate Listeria monocytogenes in distilled water, fresh brine (9% NaCl), spent brine, and diluted (5, 35, and 55%) spent brine, using uridine as a chemical actinometer. Strains N1-227 (isolated from hot dog batter), N3-031 (isolated from turkey franks), and R2-499 (isolated from meat) were mixed in equal proportions and suspended in each solution prepared so as to contain 10−4 M uridine. Samples were irradiated in sterile quartz cells for 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, or 30 min. Inactivation was evaluated by serially diluting samples in 0.1% peptone, by surface plating in duplicate onto modified Oxford agar and Trypticase soy agar with yeast extract, and by enrichment in brain heart infusion broth, followed by incubation at 37°C for 24 to 48 h. For dose measurements, the absorbance (262 nm) was measured before and after irradiation. Differences were observed in population estimates depending on the solution (P ≤ 0.05). Reductions were as follows from greatest to least: water > fresh brine > 5% spent brine > 35% spent brine > 55% spent brine > undiluted spent brine. UV light did not significantly reduce populations suspended in spent brine solutions. L. monocytogenes decreased to below the detection limit (1 log CFU/ml) at doses greater than 33.2 mJ/cm2 in water and at doses greater than 10.3 mJ/cm2 in fresh brine. Knowledge of UV dosing required to control L. monocytogenes in brines similar to those used for ready-to-eat meat processing will aid manufacturers in establishing appropriate food safety interventions for these products.
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Hassan, Asrar Abdullah, and Ahmed Khalid Mohammed Reda. "Direct Contact Membrane Distillation for Desalination Brine Solution." Journal of Engineering 24, no. 11 (October 30, 2018): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2018.11.02.

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Desalination is a process where fresh water produces from high salinity solutions, many ways used for this purpose and one of the most important processes is membrane distillation (MD). Direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) can be considered as the most prominent type from MD types according to ease of design and modus operandi. This work studies the efficiency of using DCMD operation for desalination brine with different concentration (1.75, 3.5, 5 wt. % NaCl). Frame and plate cell was used with flat sheet PTFE hydrophobic type membrane. The study proves that MD is an effective process for desalination brines with feed temperature less than 60˚C especially for feed with low TDS. 37˚C, 47˚C, and 57˚C was feed temperature and 17, 22, 27˚C as permeate temperatures used in study, temperature in both sides of membrane are recorded and TDS for permeate collected to assure that there is no penetration of brine to permeate side, the results took every 30 min for time experiment of 180 min. From results, the flux increases with increasing feed temperature and flow rate, and decreasing with increasing feed concentration, experiment time, and permeate temperature.
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Soong, Y., D. L. Fauth, B. H. Howard, J. R. Jones, D. K. Harrison, A. L. Goodman, M. L. Gray, and E. A. Frommell. "CO2 sequestration with brine solution and fly ashes." Energy Conversion and Management 47, no. 13-14 (August 2006): 1676–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2005.10.021.

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Smart, N. G., R. C. Bhardwaj, and J. O'M Bockris. "Kinetic, Solution, and Interfacial Aspects of Iron Corrosion in Heavy Brine Solutions." CORROSION 48, no. 9 (September 1992): 764–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5006/1.3315998.

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Mertineit, Michael, and Michael Schramm. "Lithium Occurrences in Brines from Two German Salt Deposits (Upper Permian) and First Results of Leaching Experiments." Minerals 9, no. 12 (December 10, 2019): 766. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min9120766.

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Lithium occurrences were detected in Upper Permian (Zechstein) salt rocks and saline solutions of the Gorleben and Morsleben salt structures, northern Germany. The brine occurrences were mainly connected to anhydrite rock-bearing formations and to lithological boundaries. Most of these brines display a high Mg content and were accordingly interpreted as intrasalinar solutions, which developed during sedimentation, diagenesis, and the subsequent rock–fluid interaction. These Mg-rich brines frequently show high Li concentrations. One of the assumptions made, is that Li was leached from phyllosilicates, since no natural Li-bearing salt minerals are known to date. To improve the understanding of the origin of Li in the brines, leaching experiments were performed on the Li-bearing phyllosilicate Lepidolite. Lepidolite with a Li content of 2.42 wt. % served as an analogue material, which was exposed to 18 saline solutions of different composition for a period of three years. The most pronounced leaching effect (53.36 µg Li/g in the brine) was observed during the interaction with a 0.03 mol/kg H2O MgCl2 solution, the second most pronounced by modern seawater interaction. The experiments show that the amount of Li leached from the lepidolite is dependent on brine composition.
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Abbas, Tauqeer, Dayakar Naik Lavadiya, and Ravi Kiran. "Exploring the Use of Polyols, Corn, and Beet Juice for Decreasing the Freezing Point of Brine Solution for Deicing of Pavements." Sustainability 13, no. 11 (May 21, 2021): 5765. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13115765.

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Deicing of pavements is essential to ensure safe and timely movement of traffic in geographical locations where snow and ice events are anticipated. State and local municipalities employ brine solution with 23.3 wt% sodium chloride (NaCl) available in the form of rock salt to deice the pavements. Unlike water, the brine solution does not freeze until the temperature falls below −21.0 °C, i.e., the freezing point of water is depressed by −21.0 °C with the addition of 23.3 wt% NaCl. The depressed freezing point of the brine solution plays a key role in deicing pavements. Unfortunately, a further increase in rock salt content does not lower the freezing point of the brine solution. In this study, different combinations of agricultural products such as polyols including sorbitol, maltitol, and mannitol in brine (23.3 wt% of NaCl in water), and NaCl-juice (corn and beet juice) were investigated to achieve freezing point depressions below −21.0 °C for potential deicing applications in extremely cold areas. Different weight fractions of polyols-brine solutions ranging from 7.14% to 27.77% were considered, and corresponding freezing points were determined. While the sorbitol-brine solution exhibited the lowest freezing point of −38.1 °C at a higher concentration, the maltitol-brine solution exhibited a freezing point of −35.6 °C at the same concentration. Based on the °Brix value, beet juice had almost three times more soluble solids and a lower freezing point compared to corn juice. Adding 23.3 wt% of NaCl in 70% corn juice lowered the freezing point up to −23.5 °C.
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Li, Jinli, Min Wang, Youjing Zhao, Hongjun Yang, and Yuan Zhong. "Enrichment of lithium from salt lake brine by forward osmosis." Royal Society Open Science 5, no. 10 (October 2018): 180965. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.180965.

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Forward osmosis (FO) is a concentration process based on the natural phenomena of osmosis. It is considered a breakthrough technology that can be potentially used for concentrating solutions and suspensions. The diluted nature of brine restricts the treatment technologies that can be applied. Then, brine concentration by FO could represent a new emerging technology enabling the application of a wider range of treatment alternatives. The performance of concentrated brine depending upon FO membranes was studied at normal temperature and pressure in this research. Cellulose triacetates on radio-frequency-weldable non-woven support (CTA-NW) and a thin-film composite with embedded polyester screen support (TFC-ES) were compared; and their orientations were considered. The brine was from Chaerhan Salt Lake after extracting potassium as the feed solution, NaCl solution or MgCl 2 solution as the draw solution. The results indicated that CTA-NW exhibited better concentration performance than TFC-ES, while the water fluxes of the two membranes were exactly the opposite. In the case of CTA-NW in active layer facing feed solution orientation with MgCl 2 as the draw solution, the concentration factor of Li + was nearly 3.0. Quantitative structure–activity relationship of FO membranes and concentration characteristics was correlated, based on results of SEM, FTIR and contact angles studies. The concentration performance could be mainly attributed to the porosity and the thickness of FO membranes; while the water flux was dependent on the hydrophily of FO membrane surface.
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El-Aziz, M. Abd, Sahar H. S. Mohamed, Faten L. Seleet, and Mona A. M. Abd El-Gawad. "Effect of Brine Solution Containing Ginger Extracts on the Properties of Egyptian White Brined Cheese." American Journal of Food Technology 10, no. 1 (December 15, 2014): 37–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ajft.2015.37.47.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Brine Solution"

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Kobayashi, Kazuya. "Molecular simulations of mineral-solution interfaces for improved description of crude oil-brine-mineral interactions." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/225615.

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Ikiz, Nida Noorani. "Field and Laboratory Investigation of Anti-Icing/Pretreatment." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1206420618.

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Johnson, Thomas G. "Heat Transfer in Brine Solutions at Supercritical Pressure." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1439504843.

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Ciocarlie, Calin Schwarz John H. "D-Brane actions and N=2 supergravity solutions /." Diss., Pasadena, Calif. : California Institute of Technology, 2004. http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-06022004-125935.

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Ghosh, Rhea. "On intersecting 2-brane solutions in Type IIA supergravity theory /." Connect to online version, 2005. http://ada.mtholyoke.edu/setr/websrc/pdfs/www/2005/123.pdf.

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SAHABANDU, INOKA C. "PERTURBATIVE METHODS OF SOLUTION FOR BLACK HOLES AND BLACK STRINGS IN BRANEWORLD MODELS." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1184648511.

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Hennings, Erik. "Cryo brines - Phasengleichgewichte von Salz-Wasser-Systemen bei tiefen Temperaturen." Doctoral thesis, Technische Universitaet Bergakademie Freiberg Universitaetsbibliothek "Georgius Agricola", 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:105-qucosa-156662.

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Die Frage nach der Möglichkeit von Leben auf anderen Planeten, vor allem auf dem Mars, steht in einem engen Zusammenhang mit der Verfügbarkeit von flüssigem Wasser. Dies ist bei den vorherrschenden klimatischen Bedingungen, vor allem der tiefen Temperatur, nur mittels einer Gefrierpunktserniedrigung durch Salze erklärbar. Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich daher mit Phasengleichgewichten verschiedener Salz-Wasser-Systeme bei tiefen Temperaturen. Dabei wurden nach einer Sammlung von Literaturdaten und einer Ermittlung der Lücken innerhalb dieser verschiedene Systeme nach Mars-Relevanz, sowie chemischer Systematik ausgewählt und experimentell untersucht. Insgesamt wurden dabei 22 binäre Phasendiagramme von Salz-Wasser-Systemen betrachtet und 29 festen Phasen mittels Röntgen-Einkristallstrukturanalyse aufgeklärt. Aus diesen Strukturen wurde ein Modell zur Beschreibung einer zweiten Hydratationssphäre über eine Wechselwirkungsbilanz abgeleitet und an den verfügbaren Strukturen geprüft.
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Metheny, Morgan. "Improvement of Chilling Efficiency and Product Quality of Broiler Carcasses Using Sub-Zero Saline Solutions for Chilling." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2018. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1814.

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Sub-zero saline solutions were evaluated for the improvement of chilling efficiency and product quality of broiler carcasses. In this study, four experiments were conducted to chill broiler carcasses using different saline solutions and chilling temperatures in the Meat Processing Center at California Polytechnic State University (Cal Poly, San Luis Obispo, CA) or in the processing plant at Foster Farms (Livingston, CA). In Experiment I, three salt concentrations and solution temperatures (0% NaCl/0.5°C, 4% NaCl/-2.41°C, and 8% NaCl/-5.08°C) were used to chill carcasses. The fillets in brine chilling at sub-zero temperatures showed lower shear forces than the fillets in 0% NaCl control solution. In Experiment II, three salt concentrations (0% NaCl/0.5°C, 4% NaCl/-2.41°C, and 8% NaCl/-5.08°C) were used to chill carcasses with/without pre-chilling in 0% NaCl/0.5ºC or 0% NaCl/14°C. Fillets from the carcasses in 4% NaCl/-2.41°C significantly improved tenderness (P < 0.05), with no significant difference observed for the shear force of 8% NaCl/-5.08°C, regardless of pre-chilling. In Experiment III, four salt concentrations (0% NaCl/0.5°C, 1% NaCl/-0.6°C, 2% NaCl/-1.2°C, and 3% NaCl/-1.8°C) were used to chill carcasses. The shear force of fillets decreased as the salt content increased and chilling temperature decreased from 0%NaCl/0.5°C to 3%NaCl/-1.8°C, with the lowest shear force observed in 3% NaCl brine at -1.8°C (P < 0.05). The chilling time (90 min) of 3% NaCl was reduced by 25 min (or 22%) compared to water control (115 min), with an intermediate reduction (13 - 17%) v seen for other NaCl solutions (95 – 100 min). Breast fillets showed no significant difference in chilling yield, pH, R-value, and sarcomere length for raw meats as well as in cooking yield and salt content for cooked fillets across all treatments (P > 0.05). In Experiment IV, three salt concentrations (0% NaCl/0.5°C, 3% NaCl/-1.8°C, and 4% NaCl/-2.41°C) were used to chill carcasses. The chilling time (55 min) of 4% NaCl was reduced by 35 min (or 39%) compared to the time (90 min) of water control, with an intermediate reduction (11%) seen for 3% NaCl solution. Control fillets in 0% NaCl showed a higher shear force than the fillets in sub-zero brine chilling (P < 0.05). Based on these results, broiler carcasses chilled in 4% NaCl/-2.41°C appears to be ideal to improve both chilling efficiency and meat tenderness compared to the carcasses chilled in 0% NaCl/0.5°C.
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Bourbonnais, Martin. "Étude de la perte de portance due à la contamination des fluides antigivres par la dilution de la bruine verglacante /." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1997. http://theses.uqac.ca.

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Garcia, Julio Enrique. "Fluid Dynamics of Carbon Dioxide Disposal into Saline Aquifers." Berkeley, Calif. : Oak Ridge, Tenn. : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory ; distributed by the Office of Scientific and Technical Information, U.S. Dept. of Energy, 2003. http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/821335-QqO4VQ/native/.

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Thesis (Ph.D.); Submitted to the University of California, Berkeley, CA (US); 18 Dec 2003.
Published through the Information Bridge: DOE Scientific and Technical Information. "LBNL--54280" Garcia, Julio Enrique. USDOE Director. Office of Science. Basic Energy Sciences (US) 12/18/2003. Report is also available in paper and microfiche from NTIS.
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Books on the topic "Brine Solution"

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P, Ray J., and Engelhardt F. R, eds. Produced water: Technological/environmental issues and solutions. New York: Plenum Press, 1993.

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Kituo cha Msaada wa Sheria kwa Wanawake (Tanzania), ed. Marriage matters: The plight of women in polygamous unions in Tanzania ; The equity in marriage : a balance solution to the harms of bride price ; Sexual rights of girls and women in Tanzania. Dar es Salaam: Women's Legal Aid Centre, 2009.

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An introduction to string theory and D-brane dynamics: With problems and solutions. 2nd ed. London: Imperial College Press, 2011.

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Getting to scale: How to bring development solutions to millions of poor people. Washington, D.C: Brookings Institution Press, 2013.

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Dangerous delusions: America on the brink : a critical solution to America's political and economic dilemma. Lakewood, Colo: Glenbridge Publishing, 1995.

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United States. Bureau of Mines. Recovery of Silver, Gold, and Lead From A Complex Sulfide Ore Using Ferric Chloride, Thiourea, and Brine Leach Solutions. S.l: s.n, 1986.

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Sandberg, R. G. Recovery of silver, gold, and lead from a complex sulfide ore using ferric chloride, thiourea, and brine leach solutions. Pittsburgh, Pa: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, 1986.

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Rubinstein, Moshe F. The minding organization: Bring the future to the present and turn creative ideas into business solutions. New York: John Wiley, 1999.

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Orlik, Lyubov', and Galina Zhukova. Operator equation and related questions of stability of differential equations. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1061676.

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The monograph is devoted to the application of methods of functional analysis to the problems of qualitative theory of differential equations. Describes an algorithm to bring the differential boundary value problem to an operator equation. The research of solutions to operator equations of special kind in the spaces polutoratonny with a cone, where the limitations of the elements of these spaces is understood as the comparability them with a fixed scale element of exponential type. Found representations of the solutions of operator equations in the form of contour integrals, theorems of existence and uniqueness of such solutions. The spectral criteria for boundedness of solutions of operator equations and, as a consequence, sufficient spectral features boundedness of solutions of differential and differential-difference equations in Banach space. The results obtained for operator equations with operators and work of Volterra operators, allowed to extend to some systems of partial differential equations known spectral stability criteria for solutions of A. M. Lyapunov and also to generalize theorems on the exponential characteristic. The results of the monograph may be useful in the study of linear mechanical and electrical systems, in problems of diffraction of electromagnetic waves, theory of automatic control, etc. It is intended for researchers, graduate students functional analysis and its applications to operator and differential equations.
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Jones, M. M. Determination of tungsten and associated elements in natural brines and related process solutions by inductively compled plasma spectrometry. Pittsburgh, Pa: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, 1985.

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Book chapters on the topic "Brine Solution"

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Salager, Jean-Louis. "Applications of Catastrophe Theory to Surfactant-Oil-Brine Equilibrated and Emulsified Systems." In Surfactants in Solution, 439–48. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1831-6_35.

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Jarry, Philippe, Matilde Miñana-Pérez, and Jean L. Salager. "Inversion of Surfactant-Oil-Brine Emulsified Systems: Generalized Mapping and Property Transitions." In Surfactants in Solution, 1689–96. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1833-0_43.

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Zulkifli, Syaizwan Zahmir, Fatin Zahidah Abdul Aziz, Siti Zaiton Mohd Ajis, and Ahmad Ismail. "Nauplii of Brine Shrimp (Artemia salina) as a Potential Toxicity Testing Organism for Heavy Metals Contamination." In From Sources to Solution, 233–37. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-4560-70-2_43.

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Georges, Joseph, and Jian-Wei Chen. "Microemulsions Containing Brine, SDS, Pentanol or Heptanol, and Dodecane or Hexane: Structural Information Derived from Electrochemical and Fluorescent Probe Studies." In Surfactants in Solution, 103–22. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7990-8_5.

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Srivastava, Rajiv R., Jae-chun Lee, Tam Thi Nguyen, Min-seuk Kim, and Jingu Kang. "Hydrometallurgical Extraction of Lead in Brine Solution from a TSL Processed Zinc Plant Residue." In The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series, 1205–12. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95022-8_97.

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Lüst, Dieter, and Ward Vleeshouwers. "Brane Solutions." In SpringerBriefs in Physics, 71–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-10919-6_19.

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Bronikowski, M., O. S. Pokrovsky, M. Borkowski, and G. R. Choppin. "UO2 2+ and NpO2 + Complexation with Citrate in Brine Solutions." In Actinide Speciation in High Ionic Strength Media, 177–85. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8690-0_11.

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Gaens, Thomas, Volker Müller-Benedict, and Carsten Hobohm. "Economy on Top, Nature on the Brink? A Closer Look on the Relationship Between Economic Power and Threatened Nature." In Environmental Challenges and Solutions, 195–217. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57710-0_9.

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Bergshoeff, E., U. Gran, and D. Roest. "Type Iib 7-Brane Solutions From Nine-Dimensional Domain Walls." In Progress in String, Field and Particle Theory, 397–400. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0211-0_23.

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Kim, Hyeonjeong, Wonyong Choi, and Kangwoo Cho. "Combined Electrodialysis and Photo-Electro-Chlorination for Energy Efficient Control of Brine Water." In Frontiers in Water-Energy-Nexus—Nature-Based Solutions, Advanced Technologies and Best Practices for Environmental Sustainability, 79–82. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13068-8_19.

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Conference papers on the topic "Brine Solution"

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Carvalho, Mauricio De, and Wanderson Jose Lambert. "Flow of Brine Solution with Dissolved Ions in an 1-Directional Porous Media." In III CMAC-SE - Congresso de Matemática Aplicada e Computacional Sudeste. SBMAC, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5540/03.2015.003.02.0087.

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Dehghani, Saeed R., Yuri S. Muzychka, and Greg F. Naterer. "Numerical Solution of Rapid Freezing of Sea Water on Cold Substrates." In ASME 2017 36th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2017-62191.

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Rapid freezing of sea water on a cold substrate of spongy ice is investigated. The mechanism of transient ice accretion on cold substrates is different than slow freezing of salt water. An investigation of rapid freezing in this paper fills a gap of knowledge related to periodic icing of salt water on marine and offshore structures. The equation of transient heat conduction through brine-spongy ice is analyzed. Rapid freezing causes complete salt trapping, which makes the salinity constant and stable at the phase interface during the solidification. A thin layer of salt water is considered in contact with a spongy substrate. A finite difference method is employed to calculate the rate of solidification of the brine layer and consequently the thickness of ice accumulated. The discretization is based on the Method of Lines (MOL) which is a useful numerical-iterative method for boundary moving problems. Numerical results show that colder substrates and brine layers have the potential to create a thicker layer of new ice.
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Chancellor, Cody, Connor Kirby, and Mahmoud Elsharafi. "Evaluate the Effect of pH on the Mixed Brine and Chemical Solutions." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-68043.

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The purpose of this study is to observe the effects of a superabsorbent polymer (SAP) when it is introduced to brine solutions containing Calcium ions at varying pH values. When injected into an oil well, a superabsorbent polymer will swell, blocking high permeability zones. The swelled polymer will decrease reservoir heterogeneity, diverting injected water to oil rich zones/areas of the formation. Understanding the kinetics of an SAP is crucial to its proper employment. However, when the polymer is introduced to brine solutions containing calcium, reactions involving the ionization of the sodium crosslinker of the polymers result in the destruction of the polymers and the formation of a precipitate. In an attempt to solve this problem, pH values of various concentrations of Calcium Chloride and Sodium Chloride in deionized water solutions will be varied and introduced to polymer samples to determine if lowering the pH can prevent precipitation. The procedure includes first introducing hydrochloric acid to brine mixtures, mixing and agitating the polymer with the brine solution, and lastly recording the results. The measurements to be recorded will include the volume of the polymers before, during, and after the swelling process. From this data, the swelling ratios of the polymer samples will be calculated, graphed, and contrasted appropriately according to time intervals and the pH of each sample. By following this procedure, the data shows that a very low pH can significantly inhibit the extent to which the polymer precipitates out with Calcium ions. Temperature tends to decrease polymer volume in brines with pH values above the 1–2 pH range, while pH values in or below said range increase in volume substantially.
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Barretto, Andrea Carla Da Silva, Tiago Luís Barretto, Lilian Fachin Leonardo Betiol, Elisa Rafaella Bonadio Bellucci, and Javier Telis-Romero. "Salting kinetics, salt diffusivities and proximate composition in osmotically dehydrated Pirarucu muscle." In 21st International Drying Symposium. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ids2018.2018.7532.

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Pirarucu (Arapaima gigas Schinz) farming has been encouraged and, among meat preservation techniques, the salting process is a relatively simple and low-cost method. The objective of this work was to study the sodium chloride diffusion kinetics in Pirarucu during wet salting. Limited volumes of brine (20% w/w) were employed with wet salting assays carried at 3, 4 and 5 brine/muscle ratios, and brine temperatures of 10, 15 and 20 oC. The analytical solution of Fick's second law considering one-dimensional diffusion through an infinite slab in contact with a well-stirred solution of limited volume was used to calculate the effective salt diffusion coefficients. Salt diffusivities in muscle were found to be in the range of 2.07 and 8.80 ´ 10-10 m2/s. The wet salting of Pirarucu is greatly influenced by temperature and by the brine/muscle ratio by volume.Keywords: Pirarucu; Arapaima gigas Schinz; salt diffusion coefficients; brine.
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Ebrahimi, A., J. S. Ellis, and A. Bazylak. "Hydrodynamic Modeling of CO2-Saturated Brine Injection in Geologic Formations for Carbon Sequestration Using the Lattice Boltzmann Method." In ASME 2011 5th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2011-54431.

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We present the implementation of the conventional lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) with single-relaxation time (SRT) to model the injection of CO2-saturated brine into underground porous rocks. The aim is to describe the “surface dissolution” technique of carbon sequestration, whereby CO2 is dissolved in brine extracted from the designated storage site and this CO2-brine solution is pumped back into underground formations. In the two-dimensional numerical model here, a small subsection of underground porous rock formation is represented as a staggered periodic array of disks. From a single unit cell of the porous structure, we have determined the domain size and lattice spacing required to reach a stable solution. By modeling single-phase flow, the permeability k could be calculated and compared over various lattice sizes to determine a mesh size-independent solution. A constant pressure gradient was imposed across the length of the domain to simulate the injection of the incompressible CO2-saturated brine solution into the domain. From these simulations, velocity fields within the pore structure were obtained, and the effects of porosity on the permeability were explored. Such porosity effects may prove important at the transition between different rock layers within a storage site.
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Kienzler, Bernhard, and Volker Metz. "Modelling Long-Term Corrosion of Cemented Waste Forms in Salt Brines." In ASME 2009 12th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2009-16202.

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Since 1979, leaching and corrosion experiments have been performed at the Asse II salt mine using simulated full-scale cemented waste forms. The cement blocks, doped with 137Cs and uranium, have been exposed to saturated salt brines. The brines have been sampled regularly and analysed with respect to the mobilized radionuclides, pH, and major solution components. In 2006, four of the cement blocks samples were recovered and solid samples were obtained by drilling vertically into the corroded cement forms. The drill cores as well as abraded drill dust were analysed with respect to chemical and mineralogical compositions, distributions of radionuclides and major waste components, thermogravimetric and mechanical properties. Results of these methods show consistently that cement forms, having an initial W/C = 0.5, were homogeneously corroded in MgCl2 rich brine. No vertical or radial variations were found with respect to major chemical components and mineral phases. In the cement blocks corroded in NaCl saturated brine, spatial heterogeneities in the distribution of major anions (chloride, nitrate) and the trace cation Cs+ show that these cement / NaCl systems have not been completely homogenized within 22 years. Concentration profiles of Cl−, NO3− and Cs+ were compared with calculated profiles to quantify diffusion coefficients and to get information on the kinetics of relevant processes. Simulations of chemical alteration of the cement / brine system indicate that both MgCl2-rich and NaCl systems are close to equilibrium with respect to stabilities of secondary mineral phases.
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Broussard, John E., Charles Bryan, Robert Sindelar, and Poh-Sang Lam. "Crack Growth Rate Model for CISCC of Stainless Steel Canisters." In ASME 2019 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-94055.

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Abstract This paper provides a technical basis for a crack growth rate (CGR) for use in performing evaluations of cracking in stainless steel canister materials. The source of crack initiation and growth is deposition of chloride aerosols on the canister surface followed by deliquescence leading to a brine solution. The brine solution attacks the stainless steel surface, leading to pitting; in the presence of tensile stress (such as residual tensile stress due to welding), stress corrosion cracking can occur. The CGR will be used for evaluating flaw growth under a proposed ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Case covering stainless steel canisters.
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Itemen, N. M., and E. M. Dutova. "FAMILIARIZATION OF HYDROMINERAL RESOURCES IN OIL AND GAS FIELDS OF WESTERN KAZAKHSTAN." In Prirodopol'zovanie i ohrana prirody: Ohrana pamjatnikov prirody, biologicheskogo i landshaftnogo raznoobrazija Tomskogo Priob'ja i drugih regionov Rossii. Izdatel'stvo Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/978-5-94621-954-9-2020-70.

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Based on the analysis of the published data is shown, economic efficiency of the processing of hydromineral raw materials in various countries of the world. In the course of research for 2017–2019 an experimental implementation of a technological solution for the complex processing of reservoir brines in specific areas (Asar, Bekturly, South Zhetybai deposits) was carried out, a technological scheme has been developed for the extraction of lithium and magnesium from associated brine taking into account their integrated and environmentally safe processing. The main characteristics of reservoir water are established, selected as promising for the extraction of compounds of Li and Mg.
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Ustohalova, Veronika, and Christian Ku¨ppers. "Intermediate and Long-Term Radiological Consequences of an Uncontrolled Access of Saline Solution Into the Asse Mine." In ASME 2011 14th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2011-59163.

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The risk of radioactive contamination in the biosphere surrounding the Asse salt mine has been assessed to determine the possible radioactive exposure to humans if the mine collapses. Geological conditions and anthropogenic activities have made the mine instable and allow salt-saturated ground water to seep in. This uncontrolled brine inflow significantly increases the risk of the mine collapsing. If the mine collapses, the brine will be pressed into groundwater, where the radionuclides can migrate into the biosphere and cause radioactive exposure. The key issue discussed in this paper is estimating the short- and long-term radiation burden for humans under several possible scenarios of radionuclide release. Only a radioecological model able to quantify and estimate processes taking place can generate usable results. This work develops the radioecological model describing both radionuclide migration and the resulting radiological exposure along several exposition pathways. Development of the model took into account the sorption processes, solubility limits and special aspects of decay chain migration. The radiological exposure was estimated under non-equilibrated conditions for the case of short-time expositions. At the end of this paper, the model’s background, the results of the computations and a comparison of several scenarios will be presented.
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Baghishov, Ilgar, Gayan A. Abeykoon, Mingyuan Wang, Francisco J. Argüelles Vivas, and Ryosuke Okuno. "Glycine for Enhanced Water Imbibition in Carbonate Reservoirs – What is the Role of Amino Group?" In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/206294-ms.

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Abstract Previous studies indicated the efficacy of the simplest amino acid, glycine, as an aqueous additive for enhanced water imbibition in carbonate reservoirs. The objective of this research was to investigate the importance of the amino group of glycine in its enhanced water imbibition. To this end, glycine was compared with two carboxylates (acetate and formate) with/without adding hydrogen chloride (HCl) for adjusting the solution pH. Note that the amino group is the only difference between glycine and acetate. Contact-angle experiments on calcite were carried out at 347 K and atmospheric pressure with 68000-ppm reservoir brine (RB), and 4 different concentrations of glycine, acetate, and formate solutions in RB. To test the hypothesis that calcite dissolution is one of the main mechanisms in wettability alteration by glycine, we performed another set of contact angle experiments by adding HCl to brine, acetate, and formate solutions. HCl was added to match the pH of the glycine solution at the same concentration. We also performed imbibition tests with Texas Cream Limestone cores at 347 K with brine, glycine, acetate, and formate solutions (with and without HCl) in RB at 5.0 wt%. Contact-angle results indicated that glycine changed calcite's wettability from oil-wet to water-wet (45°). However, acetate solution was not able to change the wettability to water-wet; and formate moderately decreased the contact angle to 80°. The pH level increased from 6.1 to 7.6 after the contact angle experiment in glycine solution, indicating the consumption of hydrogen ions due to calcite dissolution. The levels of pH in formate and acetate solutions, however, decreased from 8.4 to 7.8. The acidity of glycine above its isoelectric point arises from the deprotonation of the carboxyl group. Imbibition tests with carbonate cores supported the observations from the contact-angle experiments. The oil recovery was 31% for glycine solution, 20% for RB, 21% for formate solution, and 19% for acetate solution. This re-confirmed the effectiveness of glycine as an additive to improve the oil recovery from carbonates. An additional set of imbibition tests revealed that acetate at the pH reduced to the same level as glycine was still not able to recover as much oil as glycine. This showed that glycine recovered oil not only because of the calcite dissolution and the carboxyl group, but also because of the amino group. It is hypothesized that the amino group with its electron donor ability creates a chelation effect that makes glycine entropically more favorable to get attached to the calcite surface than acetate. Another important result is that the formate solution at an adjusted pH resulted in a greater oil recovery than RB or RB at the same pH. This indicates that there is an optimal pH for the carboxyl group to be effective in wettability alteration as also indicated by the pH change during the contact-angle experiment.
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Reports on the topic "Brine Solution"

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Bozhilov, Plamen. Exact Brane Solutions in Curved Backgrounds. GIQ, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/giq-3-2002-171-184.

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Chen, P. Brane Inflation, Solitons and Cosmological Solutions: I. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/839660.

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Waltmann, Ben, and Jack Britton. Revisiting the solution of dynamic discrete choice models: time to bring back Keane and Wolpin (1994)? The IFS, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/wp.ifs.2021.1321.

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Scribner, Shannon. On The Brink: As famine looms, world leaders must pay up and deliver political solutions to save lives. Oxfam, May 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2017.9736.

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Diercks, D. R., and T. F. Kassner. Analysis of the corrosion of carbon steels in simulated salt repository brines and acid chloride solutions at high temperatures. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7108935.

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Abell, Thomas, Husar Arndt, and May-Ann Lim. Cloud Computing as a Key Enabler for Digital Government across Asia and the Pacific. Asian Development Bank, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/wps210196-2.

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Governments are responding to rapid change and growing demands by citizens and businesses by accelerating the digitalization of public services. They are updating their e-government capabilities, adding new digital tools and services, augmenting their data analytics capabilities, and putting in place digital economy development plans. Many of these changes are enabled by cloud computing technologies that have become commonplace in the digitally connected world. The rapidly scalable computing resources that cloud computing delivers via the internet bring cost benefits, improve agility, ensure resilience, and provide access to the latest solutions that digital technology can offer.
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Barquet, Karina, Elin Leander, Jonathan Green, Heidi Tuhkanen, Vincent Omondi Odongo, Michael Boyland, Elizabeth Katja Fiertz, Maria Escobar, Mónica Trujillo, and Philip Osano. Spotlight on social equity, finance and scale: Promises and pitfalls of nature-based solutions. Stockholm Environment Institute, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51414/sei2021.011.

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Human activity has modified and deteriorated natural ecosystems in ways that reduce resilience and exacerbate environmental and climate problems. Physical measures to protect, manage and restore these ecosystems that also address societal challenges in sustainable ways and bring biodiversity benefits are sometimes referred to as “nature-based solutions” (NBS). For example, reducing deforestation and restoring forests is a major opportunity for climate mitigation, while protecting or restoring coastal habitats can mitigate damage to coastal areas from natural hazard events, in addition to potentially providing co-benefits related to livelihood, recreation, and biodiversity. There is now an impetus to shift towards greater deployment of nature-based solutions. Not only do they offer an alternative to conventional fossil fuel-based or hard infrastructure solutions but, if implemented correctly, they also hold great promise for achieving multiple goals, benefits and synergies. These include climate mitigation and resilience; nature and biodiversity protection; and economic and social gains. 2020 saw an explosion in publications about NBS, which have contributed to filling many of the knowledge gaps that existed around their effectiveness and factors for their success. These publications have also highlighted the knowledge gaps that remain and have revealed a lack of critical reflection on the social and economic sustainability aspects of NBS. Building on these gaps, we decided to launch this mini-series of four briefs to provoke a more nuanced discussion that highlights not only the potential benefits, but also the potential risks and trade-offs of NBS. The purpose is not to downplay the importance of NBS for biodiversity, ecosystems, and coastal mitigation and adaptation, but to ensure that we establish a dialogue about ways to overcome these challenges while leaving no one behind.
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Morgan, Susan, Alexandra Mosser, and John Bixby. University of Miami Laboratory for Integrative Knowledge (U-LINK) Program Evaluation Report. University of Miami, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33596/ovprs-19-2.

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As one of the Roadmap Initiatives, U-LINK (University of Miami Laboratory for INtegrative Knowledge) is the University of Miami’s (UM’s) program to support innovative, problem-based interdisciplinary research. The U-LINK initiative is premised on the idea that the most significant challenges facing humanity, and therefore the most important research problems, require innovative and integrative approaches resulting from collaborations that bridge disciplines. The goal of U-LINK is to bring together faculty and trainees from multiple disciplines in collaboration with community stakeholders to develop and act on a shared vision of innovative solutions to grand societal challenges. To accomplish this goal, U-LINK provides training and funding opportunities for research teams, identifies common space(s) for teams to work together, creates interdisciplinary opportunities for UM undergraduate and graduate students, and helps UM faculty identify and pursue collaborative initiatives with faculty in other departments, schools, and colleges. This document details the features of the U-LINK program and provides data about outcomes of the program through 2019.
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Artis, Roslyn, Connie Ledoux Book, Jennifer Clinton, John S. Lucas, James P. Pellow, and Dawn Michele Whitehead. Advancing Global Stability and U.S. National Security through Peaceful Exchange. The International Coalition (coordinated by The Forum on Education Abroad), March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36366/ic.agsausnstpe.03312021.

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For nearly 100 years, American leadership, regardless of political affiliation, has recognized the vital importance of people-to-people international exchange programs in bolstering our nation’s economy, strengthening our national security, and improving America’s status in the world. In today’s interconnected world, where global challenges require global cooperation on solutions, the United States should not retreat from international engagement, but should rather double our efforts to build positive and mutually supportive connections with our neighbors. America must embrace its role in leading international peace and prosperity by facilitating meaningful, safe, educational exchange in all directions – helping more Americans learn firsthand about other people and cultures and helping more foreign students come to America to experience for themselves the principles upon which our country was built - liberty, democracy, capitalism, and basic human freedom. America can and should leverage international education, exchange and public diplomacy programs to plant seeds of peace, regain the world’s trust, and return to our previous role as a respected leader in global affairs. Leading the effort to bring the world together helps America, Americans, and our vital allies.
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