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Journal articles on the topic 'British in Barbados'
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1
Greenspan, Nicole. "Barbados, Jamaica and the development of news culture in the mid seventeenth century." Historical Research 94, no. 264 (April 30, 2021): 324–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hisres/htab014.
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Abstract This article examines the production and circulation of news across the British Atlantic, focusing on two main events: the royalist rebellion at Barbados (1650-2) and the conquest of Jamaica (1655). Royalists and commonwealth supporters alike cast the rising on Barbados as an extension of the wars of the 1640s and early 1650s, which moved beyond England, Scotland, and Ireland into the Atlantic world. The conquest of Jamaica offered a new war against a different enemy, Spain, and a new imperial vision. Together, the Barbados rebellion and Jamaica conquest allow us to examine role of news in shaping political, military, and imperial goals.
2
Brown, Laurence. "Experiments in indenture: Barbados and the segmentation of migrant labor in the Caribbean 1863-1865." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 79, no. 1-2 (January 1, 2008): 31–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002500.
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Focuses on indentured and other labour migration from Barbados to other parts of the Caribbean starting in 1863. Within the context of the sugar estate-dominated agriculture of Barbados, as well as its high population density, the author describes the policies and decisions of the governors and local assemblies regarding emigration. He points out how the sugar industry's need for labourers remained dominant in the policies, but that the drought in 1863 caused privations and unrest among the labourers, resulting in more flexibility regarding allowance of indentured emigration schemes and recruitment, such as toward St Croix and Antigua, and later toward British Guiana, and to a smaller degree Jamaica. He discusses how this led to rivalries regarding labour immigrants between colonies, and further attempts at restrictions on labour emigration and recruitment in Barbados.
3
Brown, Laurence. "Experiments in indenture: Barbados and the segmentation of migrant labor in the Caribbean 1863-1865." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 79, no. 1-2 (January 1, 2005): 31–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134360-90002500.
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Focuses on indentured and other labour migration from Barbados to other parts of the Caribbean starting in 1863. Within the context of the sugar estate-dominated agriculture of Barbados, as well as its high population density, the author describes the policies and decisions of the governors and local assemblies regarding emigration. He points out how the sugar industry's need for labourers remained dominant in the policies, but that the drought in 1863 caused privations and unrest among the labourers, resulting in more flexibility regarding allowance of indentured emigration schemes and recruitment, such as toward St Croix and Antigua, and later toward British Guiana, and to a smaller degree Jamaica. He discusses how this led to rivalries regarding labour immigrants between colonies, and further attempts at restrictions on labour emigration and recruitment in Barbados.
4
Newton, Melanie J. "The King v. Robert James, a Slave, for Rape: Inequality, Gender, and British Slave Amelioration, 1823–1834." Comparative Studies in Society and History 47, no. 3 (July 2005): 583–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417505000265.
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In December 1832, less than a year before the British Parliament passed the first imperial slave emancipation bill, an all-white jury in the British Caribbean colony of Barbados convicted a black, enslaved man named Robert James of having robbed and sexually violated Margaret Higginbotham, an impoverished white widow and mother. Since Robert James was a black man accused of raping a white woman the jury's decision could hardly have surprised anyone and his rapid dispatch by a hangman must have been universally expected.
5
McKichan, Finlay. "Lord Seaforth: Highland Proprietor, Caribbean Governor and Slave Owner." Scottish Historical Review 90, no. 2 (October 2011): 204–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/shr.2011.0034.
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Historians have recently investigated the inter-relationship between Scotland and various parts of the British Empire. Francis Humberston Mackenzie of Seaforth (1754–1815) was a Highland proprietor in what has become known as ‘The First Phase of Clearance’, was governor of Barbados (1801–6) in the sensitive period immediately before the abolition of the British slave trade and was himself a plantation owner in Berbice (Guiana). He overcame his profound deafness to become an energetic public figure. The article compares his attitudes and actions to establish how far there was a consistency of approach in each of his capacities. It is suggested that his concern for his Highland small tenants was paralleled by his ambition in Barbados to make the killing of a slave by a white a capital offence, by his attempts to give free coloureds the right to testify against whites and by his aim to provide good conditions for his own enslaved labourers in Berbice. It is argued that he had a conservative world view which led him to support slavery and the slave trade (for which he can be criticised), but which also gave him a concern for the welfare of people for whom he felt responsible. The balance between humanitarianism and more pragmatic considerations in his decision-making is considered. Another parallel between the Highlands, Barbados and Berbice is that his good intentions were often of short-term or limited advantage to the intended beneficiaries. The reasons for this are investigated. A comparison is also made between Seaforth's authority and influence as a Highland proprietor and the restrictions and the frustrations he experienced as an active Caribbean governor.
6
Sheridan, Richard B. "Changing sugar technology and the labour nexus in the British Caribbean, 1750-1900, with special reference to Barbados and Jamaica." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 63, no. 1-2 (January 1, 1989): 59–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002033.
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Author examines the pattern and direction of technological change in the cane sugar industry of Barbados and Jamaica, and analyses the impact of this change on the employment, productivity, and welfare of workers engaged in the production of sugar.
7
Handler, Jerome S., and Matthew C. Reilly. "Contesting “White Slavery” in the Caribbean." New West Indian Guide 91, no. 1-2 (2017): 30–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134360-09101056.
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Seventeenth-century reports of the suffering of European indentured servants and the fact that many were transported to Barbados against their wishes has led to a growing body of transatlantic popular literature, particularly dealing with the Irish. This literature claims the existence of “white slavery” in Barbados and, essentially, argues that the harsh labor conditions and sufferings of indentured servants were as bad as or even worse than that of enslaved Africans. Though not loudly and publicly proclaimed, for some present-day white Barbadians, as for some Irish and Irish-Americans, the “white slavery” narrative stresses a sense of shared victimization; this sentiment then serves to discredit calls for reparations from the descendants of enslaved Africans in the United States and the former British West Indies. This article provides a detailed examination of the sociolegal distinctions between servitude and slavery, and argues that it is misleading, if not erroneous, to apply the term “slave” to Irish and other indentured servants in early Barbados. While not denying the hardships suffered by indentured servants, referring to white servants as slaves deflects the experiences of millions of persons of African birth or descent. We systematically discuss what we believe are the major sociolegal differences and the implications of these differences between indentured servitude and the chattel slavery that uniquely applied to Africans and their descendants.
8
Quintanilla, Mark. "The World of Alexander Campbell: An Eighteenth-Century Grenadian Planter." Albion 35, no. 2 (2003): 229–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0095139000069830.
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In 1763 few Europeans doubted the enormous importance of their Caribbean possessions, a fact indicated by the ready willingness of the French to cede Canada in order to regain British-occupied Martinique. The British were no different, and in the West Indies they were in the process of establishing a New World aristocracy whose riches were based upon African slavery and the production of tropical crops. The British prized their Caribbean territories, especially since the sugar revolution that had begun during the mid-seventeenth century first in Barbados where the crop had become dominant by 1660 and then in Jamaica. British planters continued their success in the Leeward Island settlements of Antigua, St. Christopher, Nevis, and Montserrat, where entrepreneurs converted their lands to sugar cane by the early 1700s. West Indian planters became influential within the British Empire, and exercised profound social, political, and economic importance in the metropolis. By the eighteenth century they were the richest colonists within the empire; they were landed aristocrats who could have vied in wealth and prestige with their counterparts in Britain.
9
Vasciannie, Stephen. "Advisory Opinion of the Caribbean Court of Justice in Response to a Request from the Caribbean Community (Caribbean Ct. J.)." International Legal Materials 59, no. 4 (August 2020): 708–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ilm.2020.40.
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An Appellate Jurisdiction, which addresses municipal law cases on appeal from countries which accept this jurisdiction. To date, four Caribbean countries—Barbados, Guyana, Belize and Dominica—have accepted the appellate jurisdiction of the Court. The applicable law for each case under the appellate jurisdiction is the national law of the state from which the appeal emanates. The CCJ in its Appellate Jurisdiction is intended to replace the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council as the final court of appeal for Caribbean countries which were formerly British colonies.
10
Mulcahy, Matthew. "Weathering the Storms: Hurricanes and Risk in the British Greater Caribbean." Business History Review 78, no. 4 (2004): 635–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25096952.
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The risk of hurricanes made planting in the British Greater Caribbean, a region stretching from Barbados through South Carolina, an especially volatile and uncertain business during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. The storms were a new experience for European colonists, and they quickly became the most feared element of the region's environment. Hurricanes routinely leveled plantations and towns, destroyed crops and infrastructure, and claimed hundreds of lives. The widespread destruction resulted in significant losses for planters and necessitated major reconstruction efforts. Most planters survived these economic shocks, often with the help of outside credit, but at times hurricanes were the breaking point for smaller or heavily indebted planters. The profits that came from sugar and rice kept planters rebuilding, but the threat posed by the storms shaped the experience of plantership in the region throughout the period.
11
Green, Cecilia A. "“The Abandoned Lower Class of Females”: Class, Gender, and Penal Discipline in Barbados, 1875–1929." Comparative Studies in Society and History 53, no. 1 (January 2011): 144–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417510000666.
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Between 1873 and 1917, the numbers of Barbadian women committed to penal custody on an annual basis surpassed those of men. While women's per capita imprisonment rate was still somewhat below that of men for most of these years, given the wide margins by which women outnumbered men in the population and the labor force, these proportions were nevertheless unprecedented, not only in the British Caribbean but also in other parts of the world. Available figures for Jamaica and Trinidad over sections of the period hover around an 18–20 percent female proportion rate, while in Barbados the rate usually exceeded 50 percent.
12
Clayton, T. R. "Sophistry, Security, and Socio-Political Structures in the American Revolution; or, Why Jamaica did not Rebel." Historical Journal 29, no. 2 (June 1986): 319–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x00018768.
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Britain's most important American colonies did not rebel in 1776. Thirteen provinces did declare their independence; but no fewer than nineteen colonies in the western hemisphere remained loyal to the mother country. Massachusetts and Virginia may have led the American revolution, but they had never been the leading colonies of the British empire. From the imperial standpoint, the significance of any of the thirteen provinces which rebelled was pale in comparison with that of Jamaica or Barbados. In the century before 1763 the recalcitrance of these two colonies had been more notorious than that of any mainland province and had actually inspired many of the imperial policies cited as long-term grievances by North American patriots in 1774. Real Whig ideology, which some historians have seen as the key to understanding the American revolution, was equally understood by Caribbean elites who, like the continental, had often proved extremely sensitive on questions of constitutional principle. Attacks of ‘frenzied rhetoric’ broke out in Jamaica in 1766 and Barbados in 1776. But these had nothing whatsoever to do with the Stamp Act or events in North America.
13
Farah Peterson. "Modernity and Regret: A Barbados Family and Its Place in the British Empire, 1676–1842." Princeton University Library Chronicle 70, no. 3 (2009): 369. http://dx.doi.org/10.25290/prinunivlibrchro.70.3.0369.
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14
Jacoberger, Nicole A. "Sugar Rush: Sugar and Science in the British Caribbean." Britain and the World 14, no. 2 (September 2021): 128–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/brw.2021.0369.
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This article examines the contrasting evolution in sugar refining in Jamaica and Barbados incentivized by Mercantilist policies, changes in labor systems, and competition from foreign sugar revealing the role of Caribbean plantations as a site for experimentation from the eighteenth through mid-nineteenth century. Britain's seventeenth- and eighteenth-century protectionist policies imposed high duties on refined cane-sugar from the colonies, discouraging colonies from exporting refined sugar as opposed to raw. This system allowed Britain to retain control over trade and commerce and provided exclusive sugar sales to Caribbean sugar plantations. Barbadian planters swiftly gained immense wealth and political power until Jamaica and other islands produced competitive sugar. The Jamaica Assembly invested heavily in technological innovations intended to improve efficiency, produce competitive sugar in a market that eventually opened to foreign competition such as sugar beet, and increase profits to undercut losses from duties. They valued local knowledge, incentivizing everyone from local planters to chemists, engineers, and science enthusiasts to experiment in Jamaica and publish their findings. These publications disseminated important findings throughout Britain and its colonies, revealing the significance of the Caribbean as a site for local experimentation and knowledge.
15
MacGown, Joe A., and James K. Wetterer. "Distribution and biological notes of Strumigenys margaritae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Dacetini)." Terrestrial Arthropod Reviews 6, no. 3 (2013): 247–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18749836-06001066.
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Strumigenys margaritae Forel, 1893 (Tribe Dacetini) is a tiny predatory ant native to the New World. It is known from northern South America, Central America, Mexico, the West Indies, and the southeastern US from Texas to Florida. To evaluate the geographic range of S. margaritae, we compiled and mapped specimen records from > 200 sites. We found S. margaritae records for 38 geographic areas (countries, island groups, major islands, and US states), including several locales for which we found no previously published records: Anguilla, Barbados, Barbuda, British Virgin Islands, Dutch Caribbean, Grenada, Honduras, Nevis, Nicaragua, St Kitts, St Lucia, St Martin, Tobago, US Virgin Islands, and Venezuela.
16
Garcia, Ana Catarina Abrantes. "New ports of the New World: Angra, Funchal, Port Royal and Bridgetown." International Journal of Maritime History 29, no. 1 (February 2017): 155–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0843871416677952.
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This article presents a comparative analysis of the port systems of the Portuguese and British Empires in the Atlantic during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. It is based on the study of four insular ports under the sovereignty of these two imperial polities: Angra in the Azores, Funchal in Madeira, Bridgetown in Barbados, and Port Royal in Jamaica. The aim of the analysis is to compare the main factors that led to the choice of these sites as key places in the structure of the respective Portuguese and British imperial models, how they developed to satisfy trade needs and their most significant problems, as well as the extent to which the development of these colonies conformed to what was ‘expected’ of each imperial project, taking into account the geographical, economic and social factors of the respective port cities. The methodological approach to the study of these Atlantic insular ports brings together data from landscape archaeology, nautical and underwater archaeology, together with historical documentation and cartography.
17
Palmer, Annette. "Rum and Coca Cola: The United States in the British Caribbean 1940-1945." Americas 43, no. 4 (April 1987): 441–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1007188.
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The presence of American bases and troops in the British Caribbean during the Second World War was the catalyst to an anti-Americanism which has continued to dominate political thinking in the area. This has been a rather ironic turn of events. Prior to the arrival of the Americans, there had been a growing sentiment among sections of the population for some sort of American take-over of the islands. After the Americans arrived, however, relations with the people of the islands soured. The idea of an American take-over died aborning, and by the end of the war, such ideas were no longer being entertained by the people of the British Caribbean. They were replaced instead, by an aggressive nationalism which called for self-government for the islands as an entity. Whereas in 1938, a British journalist could have written that “Trinidad (and Barbados and Jamaica) wants to be American,” it had long ceased to be true by the end of the war. A Trinidadian labor leader, at a regional conference in 1945, succinctly summed up the ideas of all of his confreres. “Whenever we pass into other hands,” he declared, “both hands must be our own.”
18
Beasley, Nicholas M. "Ritual Time in British Plantation Colonies, 1650-1780." Church History 76, no. 3 (September 2007): 541–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009640700500572.
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Four thousand miles of ocean divided the plantation colonies of the first British Empire from the English metropole, a great physical distance that was augmented by the cultural divergence that divided those slave societies from England. Colonists in Barbados, Jamaica, and South Carolina thus made the re-creation of English ritual ways central to their ordering of the colonial experience. In particular, the preservation of the English liturgical year and its ritual enactment offered opportunities to connect colonial experience to metropolitan ideal. Confronted with seasons and crops that did not square meteorologically with English experience, colonists sought the comfort of maintaining English calendrical norms as much as possible. Within parish boundaries, colonists built churches in which the parish community could gather for the carefully scheduled, well-ordered worship of the English national church. The English Sabbath was central to the passage of time in weekly units, a day set apart for the church's liturgy, rest from labor, and social gatherings. The great and minor festivals of the Christian year and the daily office offered similar opportunities for Christian teaching and social fellowship, just as the celebration of state holidays connected these distant outposts of the empire to the Protestant national narrative that held an increasingly British people together. These ways of ordering time lent meaning to days that otherwise slipped by amid the routines of agricultural, commercial, and domestic life.
19
Mewett, R. E. "‘To the very great prejudice of the fair trader’: merchants and illicit naval trading in the 1730s*." Historical Research 93, no. 262 (October 28, 2020): 692–714. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hisres/htaa016.
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Abstract In 1737–8, officers aboard three British warships sent to Africa to secure seaborne commerce engaged in private trade themselves, in violation of navy regulations and parliamentary statute, and carried enslaved Africans to Barbados. Slave trading merchants from Bristol, Liverpool and London – whose business was hurt by this illegal competition – co-ordinated efforts and lobbied the admiralty and the house of commons to put a stop to naval trading and gain restitution for their losses. The episode was part of a long process of negotiation among stakeholders in the developing fiscal-naval state that eventually produced shared expectations about naval professionalism and the duty of commerce protection that were significantly influenced by mercantile interests.
20
Storr, Juliette. "The disintegration of the state model in the English speaking Caribbean." International Communication Gazette 73, no. 7 (November 2011): 553–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748048511417155.
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Public service broadcasting evolved in the small states of the English speaking Caribbean as state broadcasting. As such, state broadcasting has been forced to change to compete with private broadcasters, cable, satellite and the internet. This article assesses the paradigm shift in public service broadcasting within the former British colonies of the Caribbean, with particular emphasis on Jamaica, the Bahamas, Barbados, and Trinidad and Tobago. Then the article discusses the changes in state broadcasting in the Caribbean region in recent decades in relation to market sector, audiences and digital technology. This is followed by a discussion on the policy directions, programming and mission of newly minted public service broadcasting (PSB) in the English speaking Caribbean with questions of the future of PSB in these small states.
21
WARD, CANDACE. "“In the Free”: The Work of Emancipation in the Anglo-Caribbean Historical Novel." Journal of American Studies 49, no. 2 (May 2015): 359–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021875815000043.
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The concluding words of Erna Brodber'sThe Rainmaker's Mistake, a novel prompted in part by the two-hundredth anniversary of the 1807 Act to Abolish the Slave Trade in Britain's Caribbean Colonies, affirm its engagement with history and historiography, emphasizing the need for Caribbean writers of the twenty-first century to search the past – uncover its traumas, its mysteries, and its treasures – in order to make sense of the present and project a future “in the free.” Brodber's work, of course, is part of a much larger and longer conversation among Caribbean novelists about what it means “to search and to reproduce and to cultivate,” literally and metaphorically. To explore the implications of this conversation, my essay focusses on this various and vexed cultural work as performed in three key Caribbean novels: E. L. Joseph'sWarner Arundell: The Adventures of a Creole, published in 1838, the year that “full freedom” was granted by the British Parliament to the enslaved population of the British West Indies after a four-year apprenticeship period; Paule Marshall's 1969The Chosen Place, The Timeless People, produced during a period of independence for many Anglo-Caribbean nations, including her parents' native Barbados in 1968; and, finally, Brodber's 2007 “Afrofuturistic” novelThe Rainmaker's Mistake.
22
Littlefield, Daniel C. "What Price Sugar? Land, Labor, and Revolution." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 81, no. 1-2 (January 1, 2008): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002477.
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[First paragraph]Sugar, Slavery, and Society: Perspectives on the Caribbean, India, the Mascarenes, and the United States. Bernard Moitt (ed.). Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2004. vii + 203 pp. (Cloth US $ 65.00)Tropical Babylons: Sugar and the Making of the Atlantic World, 1450-1680. Stuart B. Schwartz (ed.). Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2004. xiii + 347 pp. (Paper US $ 22.50)These two books illustrate the fascination that sugar, slavery, and the plantation still exercise over the minds of scholars. One of them also reflects an interest in the influence these have had on the modern world. For students of the history of these things the Schwartz collection is in many ways the more useful. It seeks to fill a lacuna left by the concentration of monographs on the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, suggesting that we know less about the history of sugar than we thought we did. Perhaps in no other single place is such a range of information on so wide an area presented in such detail for so early a period. Ranging from Iberia to the Caribbean and including consumption as well as production of sugar, with a nod to the slave trade and a very useful note on weights and currencies, this volume is a gold mine of information. It considers (briefly) the theoretical meaning as well as the growing of this important crop, contrasting its production in Iberia with that on the Atlantic islands of Madeira and the Canaries, colonized by Iberian powers, and continuing the contrast with São Tomé, off the coast of Africa, and on to Brazil and the Spanish American empire before ending with the British in Barbados. In the transit, it of necessity considers and complicates the meaning of “sugar revolution” and shows how scholars using that term do not always mean the same thing. John McCusker and Russell Menard, for example, tackling a cornerstone of the traditional interpretation of the development of sugar, argue that there was no “sugar revolution” in Barbados; economic change had already begun before sugar’s advent, though sugar may have accelerated it, and yet sugar production was transformed on the island. They also undercut, without quite denying, the significance of the Dutch role in the process. Schwartz, while questioning, lings to the traditional expression if not the traditional outlook, seeing in Barbados “the beginning of the sugar revolution” (p. 10).
23
Littlefield, Daniel C. "What Price Sugar? Land, Labor, and Revolution." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 81, no. 1-2 (January 1, 2007): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134360-90002477.
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[First paragraph]Sugar, Slavery, and Society: Perspectives on the Caribbean, India, the Mascarenes, and the United States. Bernard Moitt (ed.). Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2004. vii + 203 pp. (Cloth US $ 65.00)Tropical Babylons: Sugar and the Making of the Atlantic World, 1450-1680. Stuart B. Schwartz (ed.). Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2004. xiii + 347 pp. (Paper US $ 22.50)These two books illustrate the fascination that sugar, slavery, and the plantation still exercise over the minds of scholars. One of them also reflects an interest in the influence these have had on the modern world. For students of the history of these things the Schwartz collection is in many ways the more useful. It seeks to fill a lacuna left by the concentration of monographs on the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, suggesting that we know less about the history of sugar than we thought we did. Perhaps in no other single place is such a range of information on so wide an area presented in such detail for so early a period. Ranging from Iberia to the Caribbean and including consumption as well as production of sugar, with a nod to the slave trade and a very useful note on weights and currencies, this volume is a gold mine of information. It considers (briefly) the theoretical meaning as well as the growing of this important crop, contrasting its production in Iberia with that on the Atlantic islands of Madeira and the Canaries, colonized by Iberian powers, and continuing the contrast with São Tomé, off the coast of Africa, and on to Brazil and the Spanish American empire before ending with the British in Barbados. In the transit, it of necessity considers and complicates the meaning of “sugar revolution” and shows how scholars using that term do not always mean the same thing. John McCusker and Russell Menard, for example, tackling a cornerstone of the traditional interpretation of the development of sugar, argue that there was no “sugar revolution” in Barbados; economic change had already begun before sugar’s advent, though sugar may have accelerated it, and yet sugar production was transformed on the island. They also undercut, without quite denying, the significance of the Dutch role in the process. Schwartz, while questioning, lings to the traditional expression if not the traditional outlook, seeing in Barbados “the beginning of the sugar revolution” (p. 10).
24
Freedman, Katherine. "Sustaining Faith." Journal of Global Slavery 3, no. 3 (August 8, 2018): 211–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2405836x-00303002.
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Abstract This article uses the case study of the small Quaker community on seventeenth-century Antigua, as well as sources from Quakers on Barbados and from Quaker missionaries travelling throughout Britain’s Atlantic empire, to question the role of Quakers as anti-slavery pioneers. Quaker founder George Fox used a paternalistic formulation of hierarchy to contend that enslavement of other human beings was compatible with Quakerism, so long as it was done in a nurturing way—an argument that was especially compelling given the sect’s desperate need in the seventeenth century to establish itself economically or risk its destruction by the post-Restoration British State. By exploring the crucial economic role that the slave-based economies of the West Indies played in establishing the Quakers as a powerful sect in the eighteenth-century North American colonies, this article demonstrates that it was impossible for Quakers to follow through in establishing a nurturing form of slavery, particularly within the brutal context of the West Indian sugar colonies.
25
Banton, Caree Ann Marie. "1865 and the Incomplete Caribbean Emancipation Project: Class Migration in Barbados in the Long Nineteenth century." Cultural Dynamics 31, no. 3 (August 2019): 180–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0921374019847575.
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The year 1865 has served a temporal marker of freedom in both the USA and the Caribbean. For African Americans who sought various means to escape the travails of an American slave society, 1865 symbolized the possibilities for a future secured by legislation. By contrast, instead of optimism, 1865 in the British Caribbean signaled demise, failure, and gloomy prospects for the future of an already 30-year-old emancipation legislation passed by parliament. It thereby came to mark a point of renewed resistance. While the Morant Bay Rebellion played a prominent role in symbolizing the failures of the 1833 Emancipation Act in Jamaica, everyday Barbadians had maintained the quest for liberty in the years leading up to 1865 and after. Indeed, as a point of legislative, economic and political collapse, the 1865 upheaval, by serving as a highpoint, reveals the connections between everyday resistance that flanked both sides. Viewing the failures of the emancipation legislation through the 1865 Morant Bay Rebellion, a temporally specific and spatially bounded phenomenon, would be to dismiss the quotidian efforts of the different social groups as they pushed against the boundaries erected around freedom. By exploring the different motivations and calculations by which different groups of Barbadians came to view migration as desirable after both 1834 and 1865, this essay shows how 1865 instead served as a point of continuity for different social classes in Barbados who had long used mobility to vigorously reimagine and transgress the boundaries around freedom throughout the long nineteenth century.
26
Parry, Odette. "In One Ear and Out the Other: Unmasking Masculinities in the Caribbean Classroom." Sociological Research Online 1, no. 2 (July 1996): 10–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.12.
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Derived from qualitative data collected for a research project based at the Institute of Social and Economic Research at the University of the West Indies, Jamaica, this paper explores classroom gendered responses of High School students in Jamaica, Barbados and St. Vincent and the Grenadines. The account shows how teachers interpret gendered responses as confirmation of natural and necessary differences between male and female pupils. It is these perceived differences which they use to justify the case for single sex education, particularly for males. Conversely the paper argues that male gendered responses are informed by cultural expectations which translate into pedagogical relationships. These expectations reflect a version of masculinity (emerging from the historical experiences of white patriarchal chattel slavery in the West Indies) which equates education with the female side of a male/female dichotomy. The paper explores ways in which schools encourage this version of ‘masculinity’ at the same time as rendering it educationally inappropriate. In doing so the paper addresses issues which have been raised about male educational failure in recent British research.
27
Saunders, Adrian D. "A COMMENTARY ON THE EARLY DECISIONS OF THE CARIBBEAN COURT OF JUSTICE IN ITS ORIGINAL JURISDICTION." International and Comparative Law Quarterly 59, no. 3 (July 2010): 761–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020589310000291.
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The Revised Treaty of Chaguaramas (‘the RTC’) is an attempt on the part of a group of Caribbean States to respond in a collective manner to the pressing challenges posed by the forces of globalization and liberalization. The RTC seeks, inter alia, to deepen regional economic integration through the establishment of a Caribbean Community (‘CARICOM’) including a CARICOM Single Market and Economy (‘CSME’). The States in question—Antigua & Barbuda, The Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Montserrat, St Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, St Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname and Trinidad & Tobago—are for the most part former British colonies that gained their independence in the 1960s and 1970s. The RTC signals yet another important step in the tortuous path taken by these Anglophone Caribbean States ‘to avoid the looming threat of marginalization’1 following the failure in 1962 of the West Indies Federation.2 Significantly, this latest step is being taken side by side with the non English speaking civil law States of Haiti and Suriname thereby adding a new and interesting dimension to the integration process.
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Behrendt, Stephen D., and Eric J. Graham. "African Merchants, Notables and the Slave Trade at Old Calabar, 1720: Evidence from the National Archives of Scotland." History in Africa 30 (2003): 37–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0361541300003132.
Full textAbstract:
In late 1719 the brigantine Hannover sailed from Port Glasgow on a slaving voyage to the Guinea coast. Shipowner Robert Bogle jr. and partners hired surgeon Alexander Horsburgh as supercargo to supervise their trade for provisions and slaves along the Windward Coast, Gold Coast, and at Old Calabar. The Hannover arrived off the Windward Coast in early March 1720, and during three weeks Horsburgh purchased two tons of rice and 21 enslaved Africans on Bogle's behalf. From 5 April to 2 May he traded on the Gold Coast, loading 75 chests of corn and an additional 22 slaves. The Hannover then proceeded to Old Calabar, and from late May to early July Horsburgh purchased 75 more slaves and 11,400 yams—stowing 6,000 tubers in the week before departure to the Americas. Horsburgh also purchased sixteen slaves on his own account—eight along the Windward and Gold Coasts and eight at Calabar. Illness and death followed the Hannover on its “unaccountable long passage” to the Portuguese island Anno Bom (31 August-4 September) and British colonies Barbados (arriving 31 October) and St. Kitts (November-December).Eighty-seven of 134 Africans survived the voyage, only to be sold as slaves in the West Indies.The journey of the Hannover, noteworthy as one of the few Scottish-based voyages in the British slave trade, is important for Africanists because the surviving ship's accounts contain the first detailed list of African traders and notables in Old Calabar history.
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Hanley, Ryan. "The Royal Slave: Nobility, Diplomacy and the “African Prince” in Britain, 1748–1752." Itinerario 39, no. 2 (August 2015): 329–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115315000492.
Full textAbstract:
William Ansah Sessarakoo, the son of a powerful Fante slave trader on the Gold Coast, was tricked and sold into slavery in Barbados by a British ship’s captain during the 1740s. He was emancipated and brought to Britain in 1748, where he enjoyed a brief period of national celebrity before returning to the Gold Coast in 1750. This paper examines the specific political and cultural circumstances surrounding his remarkable journey, through the lens of the media generated about him during his time in Britain. It demonstrates that the most extensive contemporaneous account of Sessarakoo’s story,The Royal African, was in reality an attempt to generate popular support for a moribund Royal African Company and incorporate slave trading into narratives of national identity, based on notions of economic responsibility and honour. Adhering to conventions typified in Thomas Southerne’s stage adaptation ofOroonoko, further popular representations of Sessarakoo emphasised his aristocratic status and putatively inherited ‘noble’ characteristics. In doing so, they emphasised perceived differences between him and the majority of African peoples, who were deemed suitable for enslavement. The paper closes with an examination of some of the effects of Sessarakoo’s visit on Euro-African trade and diplomacy on the Gold Coast.
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Wells-Oghoghomeh, Alexis. "Race and Religion in the Afterlife of Protestant Supremacy." Church History 88, no. 3 (September 2019): 767–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009640719001902.
Full textAbstract:
In her book Christian Slavery: Conversion and Race in the Protestant Atlantic World, Katharine Gerbner offers a rich history of Protestant planters’ efforts to tether Christian identity to free status and European descent in the American colonies, and missionaries’ answering attempts to reconcile African and indigenous conversion with enslavement. Gerbner's concept of Protestant Supremacy names the sociopolitical function and economic utility of “religious belonging,” specifically how Christian institutional, discursive, and ritual spaces demarcated boundaries between the enslaved and their enslavers, prefiguring race in the process. In this history of Atlantic slavery, religion is not subsidiary to the punitive, legal, sexual, and economic systems that enabled the enslavement of African and indigenous peoples in the Americas. Rather, Gerbner argues that Protestant Christianity provided a metastructure for the race-based caste systems that emerged in Barbados and other British colonies in the Americas. Through an intense and extensive interrogation of correspondence, missionary accounts, and institutional records from across the Atlantic, she traces how Protestant emissaries established “Christian” as a “protoracial” term and hastened the legal and discursive codification of lineage-based American caste systems in the process. The linkage of Christian identity and nascent whiteness not only exposes the Protestant architecture of American racial logics, but also sparks nuanced questions about how African, indigenous, and creole people oriented themselves toward Protestantism in early America. In this way, Gerbner definitively situates religion at the center of ongoing conversations about racial formation in the Americas, while opening up avenues for fresh speculation and imaginative intellectual trajectories in studies of American religion and Atlantic slavery.
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KITLV, Redactie. "Book Reviews." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 65, no. 1-2 (January 1, 1991): 67–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002017.
Full textAbstract:
-A. James Arnold, Michael Gilkes, The literate imagination: essays on the novels of Wilson Harris. London: Macmillan, 1989. xvi + 180 pp.-Jean Besson, John O. Stewart, Drinkers, drummers, and decent folk: ethnographic narratives of village Trinidad. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press, 1989. xviii + 230 pp.-Hymie Rubinstein, Neil Price, Behind the planter's back. London: MacMillan, 1988. xiv + 274 pp.-Robert Dirks, Joseph M. Murphy, Santería: an African religion in America. Boston: Beacon Press, 1988. xi + 189 pp.-A.J.R. Russell-Wood, Joseph C. Miller, Way of Death: merchant capitalism and the Angolan slave trade, 1720-1830. Madison, Wisconsin: The University of Wisconsin Press, 1988. xxx + 770 pp.-Anne Pérotin-Dumon, Lawrence C. Jennings, French reaction to British slave Emancipation. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1988. ix + 228 pp.-Mary Butler, Hilary McD. Beckles, White servitude and black slavery in Barbados, 1627-1715. Knoxville: University of Tennesse Press, 1989. xv + 218 pp.-Franklin W, Knight, Douglas Hall, In miserable slavery: Thomas Thistlewod in Jamaica, 1750-1786. London: MacMillan, 1989. xxi + 322 pp.-Ruby Hope King, Harry Goulbourne, Teachers, education and politics in Jamaica 1892-1972. London: Macmillan, 1988. x + 198 pp.-Mary Turner, Francis J. Osbourne S.J., History of the Catholic Church in Jamaica. Chicago: Loyola University Press, 1988. xi + 532 pp.-Christina A. Siracusa, Robert J. Alexander, Biographical dictionary of Latin American and Caribbean political leaders. New York, Westport, London: Greenwood Press, 1988. x + 509 pp.-Sue N. Greene, Brenda F. Berrian ,Bibliography of women writers from the Caribbean (1831-1986). Washington D.C.: Three Continents Press, 1989. 360 pp., Aart Broek (eds)-Romain Paquette, Singaravélou, Pauvreté et développement dans les pays tropicaux, hommage a Guy Lasserre. Bordeaux: Centre d'Etudes de Géographie Tropicale-C.N.R.S./CRET-Institut de Gépgraphie, Université de Bordeaux III, 1989. 585 PP.-Robin Cohen, Simon Jones, Black culture, white youth: the reggae traditions from JA to UK. London: Macmillan, 1988. xxviii + 251 pp.-Bian D. Jacobs, Malcom Cross ,Lost Illusions: Caribbean minorities in Britain and the Netherlands. London: Routledge, 1988. 316 pp., Han Entzinger (eds)
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KITLV, Redactie. "Bookreviews." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 83, no. 1-2 (January 1, 2009): 121–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002463.
Full textAbstract:
Afro-Atlantic Dialogues: Anthropology in the Diaspora, edited by Kevin A. Yelvington (reviewed by Aisha Khan)Central Africans, Atlantic Creoles, and the Foundation of the Americas, 1585-1660, by Linda M. Heywood & John K. Thornton (reviewed by James H. Sweet)An Eye for the Tropics: Tourism, Photography, and Framing the Caribbean Picturesque, by Krista A. Thompson (reviewed by Carl Thompson)Taíno Indian Myth and Practice: The Arrival of the Stranger King, by William F. Keegan (reviewed by Frederick H. Smith) Historic Cities of the Americas: An Illustrated Encyclopedia, by David F. Marley (reviewed by Richard L. Kagan) Arming Slaves: From Classical Times to the Modern Age, edited by Christopher Leslie Brown & Philip D. Morgan (reviewed by James Sidbury)Sweet Negotiations: Sugar, Slavery, and Plantation Agriculture in Early Barbados, by Russell R. Menard (reviewed by Kenneth Morgan)Jamaica in 1850 or, The Effects of Sixteen Years of Freedom on a Slave Colony, by John Bigelow (reviewed by Jean Besson) Moral Capital: Foundations of British Abolitionism, by Christopher Leslie Brown (reviewed by Cassandra Pybus) Caribbean Journeys: An Ethnography of Migration and Home in Three Family Networks, by Karen Fog Olwig (reviewed by George Gmelch) Afro-Caribbean Immigrants and the Politics of Incorporation: Ethnicity, Exception, or Exit, by Reuel R. Rogers (reviewed by Kevin Birth) Puerto Rican Arrival in New York: Narratives of the Migration, 1920-1950, edited by Juan Flores (reviewed by Wilson A. Valentín-Escobar)The Conquest of History: Spanish Colonialism and National Histories in the Nineteenth Century, by Christopher Schmidt-Nowara (reviewed by Aline Helg)Gender and Slave Emancipation in the Atlantic World, edited by Pamela Scully & Diana Paton (reviewed by Bernard Moitt) Gender and Democracy in Cuba, by Ilja A. Luciak (reviewed by Florence E. Babb) The “New Man” in Cuba: Culture and Identity in the Revolution, by Ana Serra (reviewed by Jorge Duany) Lydia Cabrera and the Construction of an Afro-Cuban Cultural Identity, by Edna M. Rodríguez-Mangual (reviewed by Brian Brazeal) Worldview, the Orichas, and Santeria: Africa to Cuba and Beyond, by Mercedes Cros Sandoval (reviewed by Elizabeth Pérez)The 1812 Aponte Rebellion in Cuba and the Struggle against Atlantic Slavery, by Matt D. Childs (reviewed by Manuel Barcia) Caliban and the Yankees: Trinidad and the United States Occupation, by Harvey R. Neptune (reviewed by Selwyn Ryan) Claims to Memory: Beyond Slavery and Emancipation in the French Caribbean, by Catherine A. Reinhardt (reviewed by Dominique Taffin) The Grand Slave Emporium, Cape Coast Castle and the British Slave Trade, by William St. Clair (reviewed by Ray A. Kea) History of the Caribbean, by Frank Moya Pons (reviewed by Olwyn M. Blouet) Out of the Crowded Vagueness: A History of the Islands of St Kitts, Nevis & Anguilla, by Brian Dyde (reviewed by Karen Fog Olwig) Scoping the Amazon: Image, Icon, Ethnography, by Stephen Nugent (reviewed by Neil L. Whitehead)
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SMITH, S. D. "RECKONING WITH THE ATLANTIC ECONOMY Migration and the origins of the English Atlantic world. By Alison Games. Cambridge, MA, and London: Harvard University Press, 1999. Pp. xiii+322. ISBN 0-674-57381-1. £31.50. The early modern Atlantic economy. Edited by John J. McCusker and Kenneth Morgan. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000. Pp. xii+369. ISBN 0-521-78249-X. £40.00. Purchasing identity in the Atlantic world: Massachusetts merchants, 1670-1780. By Phyllis Whitman Hunter. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 2001. Pp. xii+224. ISBN 0-8014-3855-1. $42.50. The people with no name: Ireland's Ulster Scots, America's Scots Irish and the creation of a British Atlantic world, 1689-1764. By Patrick Griffin. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2001. Pp. xv+244. ISBN 0-691-07462-3. $55.00. Letterbook of Greg & Cunningham, 1756-57: merchants of New York and Belfast. Edited by Thomas M. Truxes. Records of Social and Economic History, new series, 28. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001. Pp. xxxi+430. £50.00." Historical Journal 46, no. 3 (September 2003): 749–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x03003248.
Full textAbstract:
In July 1768, the Boston merchant John Amory paid cash for two bills of exchange sold to him by a certain Mr Mumford. These bills, valued at £279 4s 3d and £342 10s, had originally been drawn on the London commission house of Lascelles and Daling by two Barbados merchants trading in partnership as Stevenson and Went. The bills were drawn in favour of another merchant called Charles Wickham. Stevenson and Went were in the business of supplying slaves to sugar planters on credits of up to twelve months, but as soon as their slave shipments arrived, however, the partners' own obligations to the merchants and mariners who had fitted out their vessels and supplied them with cargo fell due. To overcome this remittance problem, Lascelles and Daling acted as the slave importers' guarantors by agreeing to accept their bills before receiving the funds needed to pay them. A bill drawn on a sound London house was considered good for payment in any Atlantic port, including Rhode Island where Wickham was based. The bills presented to Lascelles and Daling were due at twelve months' sight, but creditors such as Wickham did not have to wait a full year before receiving their money. Wickham endorsed the bills in favour of Mumford (probably a coastal mariner to whom he owed a debt), who in turn passed them on to Amory. With balances owing in London, Amory was happy to discount the two bills for cash, judging this a better option at the current rate of exchange than sending specie or merchandise across the Atlantic. And cash is what Mumford would have needed to pay his crew members.
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KITLV, Redactie. "Book Reviews." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 80, no. 3-4 (January 1, 2008): 253–323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002497.
Full textAbstract:
Ileana Rodríguez; Transatlantic Topographies: Islands, Highlands, Jungles (Stuart McLean)Eliga H. Gould, Peter S. Onuf (eds.); Empire and Nation: The American Revolution in the Atlantic World (Peter A. Coclanis)Michael A. Gomez; Reversing Sail: A History of the African Diaspora (James H. Sweet)Brian L. Moore, Michele A. Johnson; Neither Led Nor Driven: Contesting British Cultural Imperialism in Jamaica, 1865-1920 (Gad Heuman)Erna Brodber; The Second Generation of Freemen in Jamaica, 1907-1944 (Michaeline A. Crichlow)Steeve O. Buckridge; The Language of Dress: Resistance and Accommodation in Jamaica, 1760- 1890 (Jean Besson)Deborah A. Thomas; Modern Blackness: Nationalism, Globalization, and the Politics of Culture in Jamaica (Charles V. Carnegie)Carolyn Cooper; Sound Clash: Jamaican Dancehall Culture at Large (John D. Galuska)Noel Leo Erskine; From Garvey to Marley: Rastafari Theology (Richard Salter)Hilary McD Beckles; Great House Rules: Landless Emancipation and Workers’ Protest in Barbados, 1838‑1938 (O. Nigel Bolland)Woodville K. Marshall (ed.); I Speak for the People: The Memoirs of Wynter Crawford (Douglas Midgett)Nathalie Dessens; Myths of the Plantation Society: Slavery in the American South and the West Indies (Lomarsh Roopnarine)Michelle M. Terrell; The Jewish Community of Early Colonial Nevis: A Historical Archaeological Study (Mark Kostro)Laurie A. Wilkie, Paul Farnsworth; Sampling Many Pots: An Archaeology of Memory and Tradition at a Bahamian Plantation (Grace Turner)David Beriss; Black Skins, French Voices: Caribbean ethnicity and Activism in Urban France (Nadine Lefaucheur)Karen E. Richman; Migration and Vodou (Natacha Giafferi)Jean Moomou; Le monde des marrons du Maroni en Guyane (1772-1860): La naissance d’un peuple: Les Boni (Kenneth Bilby)Jean Chapuis, Hervé Rivière; Wayana eitoponpë: (Une) histoire (orale) des Indiens Wayana (Dominique Tilkin Gallois)Jesús Fuentes Guerra, Armin Schwegler; Lengua y ritos del Palo Monte Mayombe: Dioses cubanos y sus fuentes africanas (W. van Wetering)Mary Ann Clark; Where Men Are Wives and Mothers Rule: Santería Ritual Practices and Their Gender Implications (Elizabeth Ann Pérez)Ignacio López-Calvo; “God and Trujillo”: Literary and Cultural Representations of the Dominican Dictator (Lauren Derby)Kirwin R. Shaffer; Anarchism and Countercultural Politics in Early Twentieth-Century Cuba (Jorge L. Giovannetti)Lillian Guerra; The Myth of José Martí: Conflicting Nationalisms in Early Twentieth-Century Cuba (Jorge L. Giovannetti)Israel Reyes; Humor and the Eccentric Text in Puerto Rican Literature (Nicole Roberts)Rodrigo Lazo; Writing to Cuba: Filibustering and Cuban Exiles in the United States (Nicole Roberts)Lowell Fiet; El teatro puertorriqueño reimaginado: Notas críticas sobre la creación dramática y el performance (Ramón H. Rivera-Servera)Curdella Forbes; From Nation to Diaspora: Samuel Selvon, George Lamming and the Cultural Performance of Gender (Sue Thomas)Marie-Agnès Sourieau, Kathleen M. Balutansky (eds.); Ecrire en pays assiégé: Haiti: Writing Under Siege (Marie-Hélène Laforest)In: New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids (NWIG), 80 (2006), no. 3 & 4
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KITLV, Redactie. "Book Reviews." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 80, no. 3-4 (January 1, 2006): 253–323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134360-90002497.
Full textAbstract:
Ileana Rodríguez; Transatlantic Topographies: Islands, Highlands, Jungles (Stuart McLean)Eliga H. Gould, Peter S. Onuf (eds.); Empire and Nation: The American Revolution in the Atlantic World (Peter A. Coclanis)Michael A. Gomez; Reversing Sail: A History of the African Diaspora (James H. Sweet)Brian L. Moore, Michele A. Johnson; Neither Led Nor Driven: Contesting British Cultural Imperialism in Jamaica, 1865-1920 (Gad Heuman)Erna Brodber; The Second Generation of Freemen in Jamaica, 1907-1944 (Michaeline A. Crichlow)Steeve O. Buckridge; The Language of Dress: Resistance and Accommodation in Jamaica, 1760- 1890 (Jean Besson)Deborah A. Thomas; Modern Blackness: Nationalism, Globalization, and the Politics of Culture in Jamaica (Charles V. Carnegie)Carolyn Cooper; Sound Clash: Jamaican Dancehall Culture at Large (John D. Galuska)Noel Leo Erskine; From Garvey to Marley: Rastafari Theology (Richard Salter)Hilary McD Beckles; Great House Rules: Landless Emancipation and Workers’ Protest in Barbados, 1838‑1938 (O. Nigel Bolland)Woodville K. Marshall (ed.); I Speak for the People: The Memoirs of Wynter Crawford (Douglas Midgett)Nathalie Dessens; Myths of the Plantation Society: Slavery in the American South and the West Indies (Lomarsh Roopnarine)Michelle M. Terrell; The Jewish Community of Early Colonial Nevis: A Historical Archaeological Study (Mark Kostro)Laurie A. Wilkie, Paul Farnsworth; Sampling Many Pots: An Archaeology of Memory and Tradition at a Bahamian Plantation (Grace Turner)David Beriss; Black Skins, French Voices: Caribbean ethnicity and Activism in Urban France (Nadine Lefaucheur)Karen E. Richman; Migration and Vodou (Natacha Giafferi)Jean Moomou; Le monde des marrons du Maroni en Guyane (1772-1860): La naissance d’un peuple: Les Boni (Kenneth Bilby)Jean Chapuis, Hervé Rivière; Wayana eitoponpë: (Une) histoire (orale) des Indiens Wayana (Dominique Tilkin Gallois)Jesús Fuentes Guerra, Armin Schwegler; Lengua y ritos del Palo Monte Mayombe: Dioses cubanos y sus fuentes africanas (W. van Wetering)Mary Ann Clark; Where Men Are Wives and Mothers Rule: Santería Ritual Practices and Their Gender Implications (Elizabeth Ann Pérez)Ignacio López-Calvo; “God and Trujillo”: Literary and Cultural Representations of the Dominican Dictator (Lauren Derby)Kirwin R. Shaffer; Anarchism and Countercultural Politics in Early Twentieth-Century Cuba (Jorge L. Giovannetti)Lillian Guerra; The Myth of José Martí: Conflicting Nationalisms in Early Twentieth-Century Cuba (Jorge L. Giovannetti)Israel Reyes; Humor and the Eccentric Text in Puerto Rican Literature (Nicole Roberts)Rodrigo Lazo; Writing to Cuba: Filibustering and Cuban Exiles in the United States (Nicole Roberts)Lowell Fiet; El teatro puertorriqueño reimaginado: Notas críticas sobre la creación dramática y el performance (Ramón H. Rivera-Servera)Curdella Forbes; From Nation to Diaspora: Samuel Selvon, George Lamming and the Cultural Performance of Gender (Sue Thomas)Marie-Agnès Sourieau, Kathleen M. Balutansky (eds.); Ecrire en pays assiégé: Haiti: Writing Under Siege (Marie-Hélène Laforest)In: New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids (NWIG), 80 (2006), no. 3 & 4
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KITLV, Redactie. "Book reviews." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 85, no. 1-2 (January 1, 2011): 99–163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002439.
Full textAbstract:
Globalization and the Po st-Creole Imagination: Notes on Fleeing the Plantation,by Michaeline A. Crichlow with Patricia Northover (reviewed by Raquel Romberg)Afro-Caribbean Religions: An Introduction to their Historical, Cultural, and Sacred Traditions, by Nathaniel Samuel Murrell (reviewed by James Houk) Africas of the Americas: Beyond the Search for Origins in the Study of Afro-Atlantic Religions, edited by Stephan Palmié (reviewed by Aisha Khan) Òrìṣà Devotion as World Religion: The Globalization of Yorùbá Religious Culture, edited by Jacob K. Olupona & Terry Rey (reviewed by Brian Brazeal) Sacred Spaces and Religious Traditions in Oriente Cuba, by Jualynne E. Dodson (reviewed by Kristina Wirtz) The Coolie Speaks: Chinese Indentured Laborers and African Slaves of Cuba, by Lisa Yun (reviewed by W. Look Lai) Cuba and Western Intellectuals since 1959, by Kepa Artaraz (reviewed by Anthony P. Maingot) Inside El Barrio: A Bottom-Up View of Neighborhood Life in Castro’s Cuba, by Henry Louis Taylor, Jr. (reviewed by Mona Rosendahl) On Location in Cuba: Street Filmmaking During Times of Transition, by Ann Marie Stock (reviewed by Cristina Venegas) Cuba in The Special Period: Culture and Ideology in the 1990s, edited by Ariana Hernandez-Reguant (reviewed by Myrna García-Calderón) The Cubans of Union City: Immigrants and Exiles in a New Jersey Community. Yolanda Prieto (reviewed by Jorge Duany) Target Culebra: How 743 Islanders Took On the Entire U.S. Navy and Won, by Richard D. Copaken (reviewed by Jorge Rodríguez Beruff) The World of the Haitian Revolution, edited by David Patrick Geggus & Norman Fiering (reviewed by Yvonne Fabella) Bon Papa: Haiti’s Golden Years, by Bernard Diederich (reviewed by Robert Fatton, Jr.) 1959: The Year that Inflamed the Caribbean, by Bernard Diederich (reviewed by Landon Yarrington) Dominican Cultures: The Making of a Caribbean Society, edited by Bernardo Vega (reviewed by Anthony R. Stevens-Acevedo) Chanting Down the New Jerusalem: Calypso, Christianity, and Capitalism in the Caribbean, by Francio Guadeloupe (reviewed by Catherine Benoît) Once Jews: Stories of Caribbean Sephardim, by Josette Capriles Goldish (reviewed by Aviva Ben-Ur) Black and White Sands: A Bohemian Life in the Colonial Caribbean, by Elma Napier (reviewed by Peter Hulme) West Indian Slavery and British Abolition, 1783-1807, by David Beck Ryden (reviewed by Justin Roberts) The Children of Africa in the Colonies: Free People of Color in Barbados in the Age of Emancipation, by Melanie J. Newton (reviewed by Olwyn M. Blouet) Friends and Enemies: The Scribal Politics of Post/Colonial Literature, by Chris Bongie (reviewed by Jacqueline Couti) Nationalism and the Formation of Caribbean Literature, by Leah Reade Rosenberg (reviewed by Bénédicte Ledent) Signs of Dissent: Maryse Condé and Postcolonial Criticism, by Dawn Fulton (reviewed by Florence Ramond Jurney) The Archaeology of the Caribbean, by Samuel M. Wilson (reviewed by Frederick H. Smith) Crossing the Borders: New Methods and Techniques in the Study of Archaeological Materials from the Caribbean, edited by Corinne L. Hofman, Menno L.P. Hoogland & Annelou L. van Gijn (reviewed by Mark Kostro)
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Révauger, Cécile. "Freemasonry in Barbados, Trinidad and Grenada: British or Homemade?" Journal for Research into Freemasonry and Fraternalism 1, no. 1 (January 22, 2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/jrff.v1i1.79.
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"Paracoccus marginatus. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Pests, December (August 1, 2000). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpp/20066600614.
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Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Paracoccus marginatus Williams & Granara de Willink Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae Feeds on many hosts but prefers cassava (Manihot esculenta) and pawpaw (Carica papaya). Information is given on the geographical distribution in NORTH AMERICA, Mexico, USA, Florida, CENTRAL AMERICA & CARIBBEAN, Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Belize, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Haiti, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico, St Barthelemy, St Kitts-Nevis, United States Virgin Islands.
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"Praelongorthezia praelonga. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Pests, No.June (August 1, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpp/20193256152.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Praelongorthezia praelonga (Douglas). Hemiptera: Ortheziidae. Hosts: Citrus spp. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Africa (Congo, Congo Democratic Republic, Reunion), North America (Mexico), Central America and Caribbean (Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, British Virgin Islands, Dominica, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Jamaica, Martinique, Panama, Puerto Rico, Saint Barthelemy, Trinidad and Tobago, United States Virgin Islands), South America (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Bahia, Espirito Santo, Maranhao, Para, Parana, Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Galapagos Islands, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, Venezuela).
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"Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. dieffenbachiae. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, No.April (August 1, 2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20133161828.
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Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. dieffenbachiae (McCulloch & Pirone) Vauterin et al. Proteobacteria: Xanthomonadales. Hosts: ornamental aroids (Araceae). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Romania), Asia (China, Yunnan, Zhejiang, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Turkey), Africa (Reunion, South Africa), North America (Canada, British Columbia, Ontario, USA, California, Florida, Hawaii), Central America & Caribbean (Barbados, Bermuda, Costa Rica, Dominica, Guadeloupe, Jamaica, Martinique, Puerto Rico, St Vincent and Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago), South America (Brazil, Ceara, Sao Paulo, Venezuela), Oceania (Australia, French Polynesia, New Caledonia).
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"Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. dieffenbachiae. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, no. 2) (August 1, 1998). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20066500698.
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Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. dieffenbachiae (McCulloch & Pirone) Vauterin et al. Bacteria Hosts: Ornamental foliage plants in the family Araceae and Xanthosoma spp. Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE, Netherlands, ASIA, Philippines, AFRICA, South Africa, NORTH AMERICA, Canada, British Columbia, Ontario, USA, California, Florida, Hawaii, New Jersey, CENTRAL AMERICA & CARIBBEAN, Barbados, Bermuda, Costa Rica, Dominica, Guadeloupe, Jamaica, Martinique, Puerto Rico, St Vincent and Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, SOUTH AMERICA, Brazil, Goias, Venezuela, OCEANIA, Australia, Queensland, French Polynesia.
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"Sir William Reid, F. R. S., 1791-1858: governor of Bermuda, Barbados and Malta." Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London 40, no. 2 (May 31, 1986): 169–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsnr.1986.0010.
Full textAbstract:
In The Tools of Empire Daniel Headrick drew attention to the important theme of technology and empire (1). Rather than concentrating on the motives for imperial expansion, Headrick focused on the technologies that allowed Europeans to spread so extensively over the globe in the late 19th century. Technological developments— the tools o f empire— such as the steamer, quinine, the breechloader and the cable, enabled impressive territorial expansion. The link between the Industrial Revolution and the New Imperialism was clearly indicated by Headrick. Technology was power. Technological development made possible imperial development. Conversely, the network of empire allowed technology to expand. The opportunity for the diffusion of ideas and technologies through space and time was enhanced because of imperialism. The empire allowed for the flow of information from one setting to another. This point is illustrated by reference to the exchange and diffusion of botanical plants. W. H. G. Armytage suggested that botanic gardens were the seedbeds of science, and that Kew Gardens was envisaged as a ‘great plant exchange, advisory centre and spearhead of botanical exploration’ for the British Empire (2). More recently Lucille Brockway has explored this theme, viewing Kew as a coordinating agency for the exploitation of the botanical resources of the empire (3). But the diffusion of information involved more than plants and occurred across a wide spectrum of science and technology. There was certainly a complex interrelationship between imperial expansion and scientific developments. In recent articles Robert Stafford and James Secord have discussed the imperial theme in the development of 19th-century British geology (4). Just as there is a relation today between technological development and space exploration, in the 19th century there was a complicated interaction between technology and imperial expansion. Developments in one area impinged on the other.
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"Batocera rufomaculata. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Pests, No.December (August 1, 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpp/20153427316.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Batocera rufomaculata (De Geer). Coleoptera: Cerambycidae. Hosts: fig (Ficus carica), jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus), mango (Mangifera indica). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Asia (Bangladesh, China, Hainan, Hong Kong, Xizhang, India, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Punjab, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Iran, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Malaysia, Maldives, Myanmar, Nepal, Oman, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Syria, Thailand, Turkey, Vietnam, Yemen), Africa (Egypt, Madagascar, Mauritius, Mayotte, Reunion, Seychelles), Central America & Caribbean (Barbados, British Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico, United States Virgin Islands), Oceania (Solomon Islands).
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"Pepper mild mottle virus. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, No.April (August 1, 2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20093074270.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Pepper mild mottle virus. Tobamovirus. Hosts: Peppers (Capsicum spp.), tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) and cutleaf groundcherry (Physalis angulata). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Greece (Crete), Hungary, Iceland, Italy (Sicily), Netherlands, Spain (Mainland Spain), UK), Asia (China (Hebei, Hubei, Liaoning, Ningxia, Xinjiang), Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu), Korea Republic, Taiwan), Africa (Egypt, Senegal, South Africa, Tunisia, Zambia), North America (Canada (British Columbia, Ontario), Mexico, USA (Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Oregon, South Carolina)), Central America and Caribbean (Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Haiti, Jamaica, Montserrat, Panama, Trinidad and Tobago), South America (Argentina, Suriname), Oceania (Australia (New South Wales), New Zealand).
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"Paracoccus marginatus. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Pests, No.June (July 1, 2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpp/20123252647.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Paracoccus marginatus Williams & Granara de Willink. Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae. Hosts: pawpaw (Carica papaya). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Asia (Bangladesh, Cambodia, India (Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu), Indonesia (Java, Sulawesi), Malaysia, Maldives, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand), Africa (Benin, Ghana, Reunion, Togo), North America (Mexico, USA (Florida, Hawaii)), Central America & Caribbean (Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Haiti, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico, St. Barthelemy, St. Kitts-Nevis, United States Virgin Islands), South America (French Guiana), and Oceania (Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau).
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"Guignardia bidwellii. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, no. 4) (August 1, 1991). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20046500081.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Guignardia bidwellii (Ellis) Viala & Ravaz. Hosts: vine (Vitis). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Africa, Morocco, Mozambique, Asia, China, Liaoning, Shandong, Jiansu, Henan, Sichuan, Christmas Island, Cyprus, India, Punjab, Iran, Japan, Korea, Pakistan, Philippines, Taiwan, Turkey, USSR, Central Asia, Caucasus, Crimea, Ukraine, Europe, Austria, Bulgaria, France, Germany, Italy, Romania, Yugoslavia, North America, Canada, British Columbia, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia, Mexico, USA, Alabama, Massachussetts, New Brunswick, Central America & West Indies, Barbados, Cuba, Haiti, Jamaica, Martinique, Panama, Salvador, Virgin Islands, South America, Argentina, Brazil, Minas Gerais, Rio Grande do Sul, Chile, Guyana, Uruguay, Venezuela.
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"Phomopsis vexans. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, no. 4) (August 1, 1987). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20046500329.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Phomopsis vexans[Diaporthe vexans] (Sacc. & Syd.) Harter. Hosts: Eggplant (Solanum melongena). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Africa, Algeria, Kenya, Mauritius, Senegal, Sechelles, South Africa, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Asia, Brunei, Burma, China, Jinagsu, Sichuan, Nanjing, India, Bombay, Mysore, Punjab, Iran, Iraq, Japan, Korea, Laos, Malaysia, Sarawak, Pakistan, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Taiwan, Australasia & Oceania, Australia, Queensland, Fiji, New Caledonia, Europe, Romania, North America, Bermuda, Canada, British Columbia, Ontario, Quebec, USA, Central America & West Indies, Antigua, Antilles, Barbados, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Haiti, Jamaica, Panama, Puerto Rico, Salvador, South America, Argentina, Brazil, Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Colombia, Venezuela.
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"Alternaria japonica. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, no. 1) (August 1, 2002). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20066500862.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Alternaria japonica Yoshii Fungi: Anamorphic Pleosporaceae Hosts: Brassicaceae. Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE, Austria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, Russian Far East, UK, ASIA, Bhutan, China, Jilin, Sichuan, India, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Orissa, Sikkim, Uttar Pradesh, Uttaranchal, West Bengal, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Japan, Saudi Arabia, Taiwan, AFRICA, Egypt, South Africa, Zimbabwe, NORTH AMERICA, Canada, Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Saskatchewan, USA, Arizona, California, Florida, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Mew Jersey, Ohio, Pennsylvania, CENTRAL AMERICA & CARIBBEAN, Barbados, Cuba, SOUTH AMERICA, Brazil, Parana, OCEANIA, French, Polynesia, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea.
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"Pleospora betae. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, no. 3) (August 1, 1987). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20046500427.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Pleospora betae (Berl.) Nevodovsky. Hosts: Beet (Beta spp). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Africa, Egypt, Morocco, South Africa, Tanzania, Asia, Afghanistan, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Iraq, Israel, Japan, Korea, Peninsular Malaysia, Pakistan, Turkey, USSR, Russia, Altai, Bashkir, Kursk, W. Siberia, Australasia & Oceania, Australia, New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania, New Zealand, Europe, Austria, Belgium, Britain & Northern Ireland, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, France, Germany, Hungary, Irish Republic, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Sweden, Switzerland, USSR, Latvia, Ukraine, Yugoslavia, North America, Canada, Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, USA, Central America & West Indies, Barbados.
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"Aleurotrachelus trachoides. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Pests, No.June (August 1, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpp/20193256146.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Aleurotrachelus trachoides (Back). Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae. Hosts: many, including Solanum spp., sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas), Capsicum sp. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Asia (India, Karnataka, Singapore), Africa (Comoros, Mayotte, Mozambique, Nigeria, Reunion, Tanzania), North America (Mexico, USA, California, Florida, Hawaii, Louisiana, Texas), Central America and Caribbean (Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Netherlands, Antilles, Nicaragua, Panama, Puerto Rico, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, United States Virgin Islands), South America (Brazil, Bahia, Rio de Janeiro, Colombia, French Guiana, Galapagos Islands, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, Venezuela) and Oceania (Federated States of Micronesia, Fiji, French Polynesia, Guam, Nauru, Tonga).