Journal articles: 'British National Corpus'

1

Kretzschmar, William A. "British National Corpus Sampler." Journal of English Linguistics 27, no. 4 (December 1999): 382–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00754249922004697.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Aroonmanakun, Wirote. "Creating the Thai National Corpus." MANUSYA 10, no. 3 (2007): 4–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26659077-01003001.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper reports on the progress of Thai National Corpus development. The TNC is designed as a general corpus of standard Thai. Only written texts are collected in the first phase. It aims to include at least eighty million words. Various text types produced by various authors are included in the TNC so that it would closely represent written language in general. Texts are word segmented and tagged following the Text Encoding Initiative (TEl) guidelines on text encoding. The TNC was designed as a resource for general applications, such as lexicography, language teaching, and linguistic research. In addition, the TNC is designed to be comparable to the British National Corpus so that a comparative study between the two languages is also possible.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Bober, Nataliia, Yan Kapranov, Anna Kukarina, Tetiana Tron, and Tamara Nasalevych. "British National Corpus in English Language Teaching of University Students." International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research 20, no. 6 (June 30, 2021): 174–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.20.6.9.

Full text

Abstract:

The article deals with the application of corpus-based direction in English language teaching of university students, suggested by Ukrainian scholars. The most representative corpus for English language teaching (ELT) is the British National Corpus (BNC), which offers many opportunities (e.g. search for specific word forms, search for word forms by lemmas, search for groups of word forms in the form of syntagms, etc.). The article presents the methodological algorithm of university students' work with the BNC during English classes based on the verbs denoting human emotional states. The methodology of work with BNC consists of three stages: 1) a student has to compile the initial lexicographic register of basic verb denoting emotional states; 2) a student has to measure the frequency of each unit in the corpus usage; and 3) a student has to analyse, described and record all corpus calculations. The main benefits of the findings for the future relevant studies may be described in the following way: the work with corpus tools in ELT is aimed at students performing the following successive steps: 1) processing concordances, 2) calculating the absolute frequency, 3) analysing the left and right valence, and 4) modelling clusters to build cognitive-semantic profiles of the studied units, which will allow university students to understand the essence of every grammatical, lexical, and syntactical unit.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Anggraeni, Diana. "INTRANSITIVE PHRASAL VERBS WITH PARTICLE 'THROUGH' IN BRITISH NATIONAL CORPUS." Lire Journal (Journal of Linguistics and Literature) 3, no. 1 (March 31, 2019): 22–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.33019/lire.v3i1.48.

Full text

Abstract:

The aim of this study is to describe the intransitive phrasal verbs with particlethrough used in the British National Corpus. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method. Linguistic data sources were taken from the British National Corpus. The data containing the phrasal verbs with particle through, collected and then classified into several categories. The categories that are suitable for the purpose of the research are separated and labeled and then explained in a narrative according to the theory and research objectives. The results showed that the intransitive phrasal verbs with particle through in the British National Corpus consisted of two types, namely dynamic and stative intransitive phrasal verbs. Dynamic intransitive is a phrasal verbs with a particle through which indicates the existence of an activity or event carried out by the subject of the sentence. Dynamic intransitive phrasal verbs consist of phrasal verbs belonging to event verbs and activity verbs. Stative intransitive phrasal verbs are classified as existence verbs.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Wang, Jiawei. "Love, R. (2020). Overcoming Challenges in Corpus Construction: The spoken British National Corpus 2014." International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 25, no. 4 (October 23, 2020): 504–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijcl.00032.wan.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Grant, Lynn E. "Frequency of ‘core idioms’ in the British National Corpus (BNC)." International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 10, no. 4 (November 7, 2005): 429–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijcl.10.4.03gra.

Full text

Abstract:

This article looks at how a comprehensive list of one category of idioms, that of ‘core idioms’, was established. When the criteria to define a core idiom were strictly applied to a dictionary of idioms, the result was that the large number of ‘idioms’ was reduced to a small number of ‘core idioms’. The original list from the first source dictionary was added to by applying the same criteria to other idiom dictionaries, and other sources of idioms. Once the list was complete, a corpus search of the final total of 104 ‘core idioms’ was carried out in the British National Corpus (BNC). The search revealed that none of the 104 core idioms occurs frequently enough to merit inclusion in the 5,000 most frequent words of English.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Takahashi, Kaoru. "A Study of Register Variation in the British National Corpus." Digital Scholarship in the Humanities 21, no. 1 (May 18, 2005): 111–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/llc/fqi028.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Chugaeva, Tatiana N., Olga V. Baiburova, Anton A. Vakhotin, and Svetlana Y. Dmitrieva. "STATISTIC-LINGUISTIC COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE PERCEPTUAL TYPES OF A RUSSIAN AND AN ENGLISH WORD (BASED ON NCRL, BNC, ANC)." Theoretical and Applied Linguistics, no. 3 (2019): 273–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.22250/2410-7190_2019_5_3_273_291.

Full text

Abstract:

Corpus research presents obvious benefits, though linguists approach the material in various ways. For example, corpus linguists approach data in an exploratory way, whereas psycholinguists more often tend to combine corpus data and experimental research. The current work uses the theoretical systemic approach to describe the two frequency strata of the three corpora (Russian National Corpus, British National Corpus and Open American National Corpus) and build the classification of phonetic word types in Russian and English (British and American). The aim of the research is to draw up the phonetic (perceptive) classification of the corresponding languages and to describe the identity of their sound systems based on these types. The high frequency and the frequency strata of the three corpora have been analyzed to identify the words characterized by the following linguistic features: length in syllables, stressed vowel, rhythmic structure, etc. The data comparison discovered more distinctions than similarities among the three corpora...

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Gilner, Leah, and Frank Morales. "Corpus-Based Frequency Profiling: Migration To A Word List Based On The British National Corpus." Buckingham Journal of Language and Linguistics 1 (June 22, 2010): 41–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5750/bjll.v1i0.3.

Full text

Abstract:

The selection and assessment of ELT materials involve multiple criteria. The use of frequency word lists to profile the vocabulary makeup of a text is one such criterion. It provides a quantifiable characterization and classification of lexical material in terms of corpus-based frequency measures. The process of vocabulary profiling is not without challenges, first among which is the identification of a word list adequate for ELT. The choice will determine the amount of information, if any, that can be derived from a text. This paper provides an appraisal of a frequency word list based on the British National Corpus (BNC) and shows the benefits that can be gained by profiling with this list rather than with the long-established General Service List (West, 1953).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Rundell, Michael. "The word on the street." English Today 11, no. 3 (July 1995): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078400008415.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Leech, Geoffrey. "100 million words of English." English Today 9, no. 1 (January 1993): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078400006854.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Stoyanova-Georgieva, Irina. """Absolutely"" modifying adjectives in British and Bulgarian newspapers in comparison with the British national corpus." Studies in Linguistics, Culture, and FLT 1 (2016): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.46687/silc.2016.v01.005.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Stoyanova-Georgieva, Irina. """Absolutely"" modifying adjectives in British and Bulgarian newspapers in comparison with the British national corpus." Studies in Linguistics, Culture, and FLT 1 (2016): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.46687/silc.2016.v01.005.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Dang, This Ngoc Yen, and Stuart Webb. "Evaluating lists of high-frequency words." ITL - International Journal of Applied Linguistics 167, no. 2 (December 31, 2016): 132–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/itl.167.2.02dan.

Full text

Abstract:

This study compared the lexical coverage provided by four wordlists [West’s (1953) General Service List (GSL), Nation’s (2006) most frequent 2,000 British National Corpus word families (BNC2000), Nation’s (2012) most frequent 2,000 British National Corpus and Corpus of Contemporary American-English word families (BNC/COCA2000), and Brezina and Gablasova’s (2015) New-GSL list] in 18 corpora. The comparison revealed that the headwords in the BNC/COCA2000 tended to provide the greatest average coverage. However, when the coverage of the most frequent 1,000, 1,500, and 1,996 headwords in the lists was compared, the New-GSL provided the highest coverage. The GSL had the worst performance using both criteria. Pedagogical and methodological implications related to second language (L2) vocabulary learning and teaching are discussed in detail.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Peng, Yong Mei, and Yun Hua Qu. "Based on Research Connecting Word Corpus of Spoken English." Advanced Materials Research 1030-1032 (September 2014): 2689–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1030-1032.2689.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper examines our spoken English Majors used to connect words and characteristics. Corpus used the "Chinese students Spoken and Written English Corpus (SWECCL2.0)" in the spoken corpus SECCL2.0, reference corpus used in the British National Corpus BNC spoken corpus BNC Spoken Corpus (BNC / S). The study found that of native speakers of English majors and English spoken words using both common connections are also differences. Meanwhile, China's English Majors spoken word there are multiple connections with the situation misuse. Based on the findings, the article on spoken English teaching some suggestions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Kennedy, Graeme. "Amplifier Collocations in the British National Corpus: Implications for English Language Teaching." TESOL Quarterly 37, no. 3 (October 1, 2003): 467. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3588400.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

de Waal, Ariane. "Living Suspiciously: Contingent Belonging in British South Asian Theater." Humanities 9, no. 3 (August 18, 2020): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/h9030085.

Full text

Abstract:

This article investigates representations of national belonging in British South Asian theater productions after the 2005 London bombings. It identifies a significant yet hitherto underresearched corpus of plays that show the formation of the UK “home front” in the war on terror from the perspective of postcolonial subjects who are deemed threatening rather than worthy of protection. After discussing the construction of British South Asian citizens as suspicious subjects, the article analyzes two plays that offer an extensive consideration of the contingencies of national belonging. It argues that True Brits by Vinay Patel and Harlesden High Street by Abhishek Majumdar dramatize strategies for building, making, or keeping a home in London in spite of the strictures of suspectification and securitization.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Egbert, Jesse, Brent Burch, and Douglas Biber. "Lexical dispersion and corpus design." International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 25, no. 1 (April 16, 2020): 89–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijcl.18010.egb.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Lexical dispersion is typically measured across arbitrary corpus parts of equal size. In this study, we apply DA – a new dispersion index designed for unequal-sized corpus parts – to the British National Corpus (BNC) in a series of cases studies to show that the dispersion of a word is strongly influenced by the corpus units or parts it is measured across. Our results show that dispersion should be measured and interpreted based on corpus units that are linguistically meaningful for a particular research goal. We conclude with recommendations to help researchers select meaningful corpus units for measuring and interpreting lexical dispersion.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Love, Robbie, Claire Dembry, Andrew Hardie, Vaclav Brezina, and Tony McEnery. "The Spoken BNC2014." International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 22, no. 3 (November 23, 2017): 319–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijcl.22.3.02lov.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract This paper introduces the Spoken British National Corpus 2014, an 11.5-million-word corpus of orthographically transcribed conversations among L1 speakers of British English from across the UK, recorded in the years 2012–2016. After showing that a survey of the recent history of corpora of spoken British English justifies the compilation of this new corpus, we describe the main stages of the Spoken BNC2014’s creation: design, data and metadata collection, transcription, XML encoding, and annotation. In doing so we aim to (i) encourage users of the corpus to approach the data with sensitivity to the many methodological issues we identified and attempted to overcome while compiling the Spoken BNC2014, and (ii) inform (future) compilers of spoken corpora of the innovations we implemented to attempt to make the construction of corpora representing spontaneous speech in informal contexts more tractable, both logistically and practically, than in the past.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Rayson, Paul, Geoffrey N. Leech, and Mary Hodges. "Social Differentiation in the Use of English Vocabulary." International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 2, no. 1 (January 1, 1997): 133–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijcl.2.1.07ray.

Full text

Abstract:

In this article, we undertake selective quantitative analyses of the demographi-cally-sampled spoken English component of the British National Corpus (for brevity, referred to here as the ''Conversational Corpus"). This is a subcorpus of c. 4.5 million words, in which speakers and respondents (see I below) are identified by such factors as gender, age, social group, and geographical region. Using a corpus analysis tool developed at Lancaster, we undertake a comparison of the vocabulary of speakers, highlighting those differences which are marked by a very high X2 value of difference between different sectors of the corpus according to gender, age, and social group. A fourth variable, that of geographical region of the United Kingdom, is not investigated in this article, although it remains a promising subject for future research. (As background we also briefly examine differences between spoken and written material in the British National Corpus [BNC].) This study is illustrative of the potentiality of the Conversational Corpus for future corpus-based research on social differentiation in the use of language. There are evident limitations, including (a) the reliance on vocabulary frequency lists and (b) the simplicity of the transcription system employed for the spoken part of the BNC The conclusion of the article considers future advances in the research paradigm illustrated here.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Bochkarev, Arsentiy I., and Sergey S. Zhdanov. "COMMUNICATIVE APPROACH WITH REFERENCE TO THE CORPUS-BASED DATA ANALYSIS BY TEACHING FOREIGN LANGUAGE (THE CASE OF TENSE-ASPECT FORMS OF THE VERB)." Vestnik SSUGT (Siberian State University of Geosystems and Technologies) 26, no. 1 (2021): 163–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2411-1759-2021-26-1-163-168.

Full text

Abstract:

The paper deals with the frequency of tense-aspect forms in British English for justifying the selec-tion of language phenomena from the linguistic point of view. This approach is applied through educa-tional process at universities. Moreover, communicative oriented approach to language education should be based on this selection. It presupposes educational orientation to real communicative situa-tions. Based on analyzing corpus data from the British National Corpus all tense-aspect forms can be divided into four groups: rare, occasional, frequent and constant. The authors have made the algorithm for learning tense-aspect forms in British English based on the frequency of these forms.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Sha, Guoquan. "Using Google as a super corpus to drive written language learning: a comparison with the British National Corpus." Computer Assisted Language Learning 23, no. 5 (December 2010): 377–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2010.514576.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Berglund, Ylva. "Exploiting a Large Spoken Corpus." International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 4, no. 1 (August 13, 1999): 29–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijcl.4.1.03ber.

Full text

Abstract:

The British National Corpus (BNC) contains a spoken component of about 10 million words, consisting of spoken language of various kinds produced by different speakers in a variety of situations. Starting from an end-user s perspective, this paper surveys the potential of this resource and some possible problems one might encounter if not fully versed in the details of the compilation and coding plans. Among the issues touched upon are questions relating to the composition of the component, the transcription principles employed, and points relating to the nature and coverage of the mark-up. By way of illustration, examples are drawn from a case study of the variant forms gonna and going to.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Deignan, Alice. "MIP, the corpus and dictionaries." Metaphor and the Social World 5, no. 1 (July 10, 2015): 145–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/msw.5.1.09dei.

Full text

Abstract:

MacArthur questions the use of the “Macmillan Dictionary” in metaphor identification. In this response, I argue that the ideal way of determining basic meaning is by analysis of concordance citations sampled from an appropriate corpus. This is demonstrated using a 1000 word sample of the concordance for say and its inflections, taken from the “British National Corpus”. It is shown that it is very difficult to identify separable senses, which calls into question whether say is actually a realisation of a mapping from writing to speaking. A dictionary developed on corpus principles is a good alternative to using corpus data directly. It is argued that learners’ dictionaries are more suitable than native speaker dictionaries for this purpose.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Allen, Robert. "MUM's the word." English Today 11, no. 4 (October 1995): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078400008531.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Levin, Beth, and Grace Song. "Making Sense of Corpus Data." International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 2, no. 1 (January 1, 1997): 23–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijcl.2.1.04lev.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper demonstrates the essential role of corpus data in the development of a theory that explains and predicts word behavior. We make this point through a case study of verbs of sound, drawing our evidence primarily from the British National Corpus. We begin by considering pretheoretic notions of the verbs of sound as presented in corpus-based dictionaries and then contrast them with the predictions made by a theory of syntax, as represented by Chomsky's Government-Binding framework. We identify and classify the transitive uses of sixteen representative verbs of sound found in the corpus data. Finally, we consider what a linguistic account with both syntactic and lexical semantic components has to offer as an explanation of observed differences in the behavior of the sample verbs.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Olofsson, Arne. "Existential there and catenative concord. Evidence from the British National Corpus." Nordic Journal of English Studies 10, no. 1 (January 1, 2011): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.35360/njes.241.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Bębeniec, Daria. "The Spoken British National Corpus 2014 – a new initiative launched by Lancaster University and Cambridge University Press." English Today 35, no. 1 (June 26, 2018): 54–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078418000160.

Full text

Abstract:

The British National Corpus (BNC) has been available to the research community for more than two decades. Over the course of its three editions to date, this 100-million-word database, containing samples of both transcribed speech and written texts representing British English of the 1990s and earlier, has established itself as a valuable resource used around the world in a wide range of language-related applications.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Rudnicka, Karolina. "Lose one's life and lose one's job with singular they: two constructions, two regional varieties, many practical aspects of working with mega-corpora." Forum Filologiczne Ateneum, no. 1(8)2020 (November 1, 2020): 149–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.36575/2353-2912/1(8)2020.149.

Full text

Abstract:

The paper compares the usage of singular they with two morphologically similar constructions in British and American English. The constructions in question are lose one’s life and lose one’s job. The results obtained suggest that singular they, at least used with the two constructions in focus of this work, seems to be more widely used in the American variety of English than in the British variety. An additional aim of this work is to present and discuss some practical aspects of working with mega-corpora. The work shows how and where quantitative language studies need to be accompanied by manual and qualitative investigations. The corpora used in this work are the British National Corpus (BNC) and the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Vodyanitskaya, Albina, and Vera Yaremenko. "WHAT IS VALUABLE IN THE ACADEME: CORPUS-BASED ANALYSIS." SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 2 (May 20, 2020): 437. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2020vol2.5131.

Full text

Abstract:

The paper focuses on the corpus-based analysis of academic discourse values. The research aim is to reveal how teachers transmit academic discourse values through their everyday interactions with students (during lectures, seminars) and to reveal, which values are relevant for the students (based on the analysis of their essays, research papers and some such). The research relies on corpus-based approach and primary methods used are a semantic analysis and a context analysis as well as definition analysis of evaluative means. The research results have revealed that various values play important role in academic interactions and shape the image of the academe – on the local as well as on the global scale. The study of the contexts containing the word valuable in British National Corpus (Davis, 2008-), British Academic Spoken English (Nesi, & Thompson, 2000-), British Academic Written English (Nesi, 2008-), Corpus of Russian Student Texts (Rakhilina, Zevakhina, & Dzhakupova, 2013-) and Michigan Corpus of Academic Spoken English (2002-) has revealed that the values of academic discourse can be subdivided into six domains: emotional, cognitive, educational, research-related, academic life-related, topic- / area-related. The further applicability of research findings manifests itself in various avenues of research: linguistics (evaluative means), axiology (cross-disciplinary study of values), teaching practices (academic discourse genres) and others.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Lanteigne, Betty, and Peter Crompton. "Analyzing Use of “Thanks to You”: Insights for Language Teaching and Assessment in Second and Foreign Language Contexts." Research in Language 9, no. 2 (December 30, 2011): 29–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10015-011-0018-9.

Full text

Abstract:

This investigation of thanks to you in British and American usage was precipitated by a situation at an American university, in which a native Arabic speaker said thanks to you in isolation, making his intended meaning unclear. The study analyzes use of thanks to you in the Corpus of Contemporary American English and the British National Corpus to gain insights for English language instruction /assessment in the American context, as well as English-as-a-lingua-franca contexts where the majority of speakers are not native speakers of English or are speakers of different varieties of English but where American or British English are for educational purposes the standard varieties. Analysis of the two corpora revealed three functions for thanks to you common to British and American usage: expressing gratitude, communicating “because of you” positively, and communicating “because of you” negatively (as in sarcasm). A fourth use of thanks to you, thanking journalists/guests for being on news programs/talk shows, occurred in the American corpus only. Analysis indicates that felicitous use of thanks to you for each of these meanings depends on the presence of a range of factors, both linguistic and material, in the context of utterance.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Dimitrova, Sylvia, and Temenuzhka Seizova-Nankova. "A Corpus-Based Analysis Of The Complementation Patterns Of The Adjective “Ashamed”." Studies in Linguistics, Culture, and FLT 9, no. 2 (August 31, 2021): 30–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.46687/zkkq9762.

Full text

Abstract:

The paper presents a corpus-based analysis of the predicative use of the adjective “ashamed” giving a full description of its complementation patterns with the help of the Valency Theory (VT – Herbst et al., 2004). The findings are based on a reference corpus extracted from the British National Corpus (BNC) by using the SkE software. The analysis reveals the advantages of the approach used for learners at levels B1 and B2 while, on the other hand, it shows the insufficiency of information found in the main English dictionaries (OALD, LDCE, etc.). It also demonstrates how both language learning and teaching, and materials production could be optimized using the corpus-based analysis.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Suzuki, Daisuke. "Variation between modal adverbs in British English." Functions of Language 25, no. 3 (November 2, 2018): 392–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/fol.16009.suz.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract This study investigates the use and distribution of the synonymous adverbs maybe and perhaps in order to determine their functional similarities and differences. After extracting usage data from the British National Corpus (BNC), this study explores the following factors by analyzing the target adverbs in a larger context: (i) the kind of register, (ii) the kind of NP chosen as the subject in maybe/perhaps clauses, (iii) the kind of modal verb used in the same clause, and (iv) the position occupied by the target adverbs in a clause. The corpus analysis demonstrates that maybe is more prone to subjective use while perhaps is a more strongly grammaticalized item, and that the factors related to a highly subjective context contribute much to the variation between the adverbs. In addition, I suggest that both maybe and perhaps (in combination with modal verbs or in final position) can be used in an intersubjective context.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Efimova, Anna D. "NOTION “DANDY” IN MODERN LINGUOCULTURE OF GREAT BRITAIN (material of the British National Corpus)." Bulletin of the Moscow State Regional University (Linguistics), no. 3 (2017): 88–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.18384/2310-712x-2017-3-88-96.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Indriarti, Tantri Refa, and Yulia R. Mawarni. "CONVENTIONAL INDIRECTNESS STRATEGIES ON REQUEST USED BY MALE AND FEMALE SPEAKERS IN SPOKEN BRITISH NATIONAL CORPUS." PARADIGM 2, no. 1 (June 29, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.18860/prdg.v2i1.6711.

Full text

Abstract:

<p>This study aims at analysing conventional indirectness strategies on request used by British English speakers as shown in spoken British National Corpus (BNC). Conventional indirect strategy is often rated as the most polite expression of politeness. In this case, male and female obviously have different strategies for making the request, which may be influenced by some factors. A qualitative approach was employed to conduct this study since the data are the utterances produced by male and female speakers in spoken BNC. The study revealed that there were 187 utterances that contain Conventional Indirectness Strategies on request used by male and female speakers in spoken BNC. Ability conditions was the strategy of conventional indirect request that mostly used by the male and female speakers. Then, the three factors (i.e. gender, age, and social class) have an effect and significant role on the speaker’s choice of strategies employed by British English speakers. As this study is focused on the indirect request strategies, thus it is suggested to the next researchers who are interested in the same study could be expected to conduct the indirect request strategies by adding more factors.</p><p> </p>

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Dewaele, Jean-Marc. "British ‘Bollocks’ versus American ‘Jerk’: Do native British English speakers swear more – or differently – compared to American English speakers?" Applied Linguistics Review 6, no. 3 (September 1, 2015): 309–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/applirev-2015-0015.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractThe present study investigates the differences between 414 L1 speakers of British and 556 L1 speakers of American English in self-reported frequency of swearing and in the understanding of the meaning, the perceived offensiveness and the frequency of use of 30 negative words extracted from the British National Corpus. Words ranged from mild to highly offensive, insulting and taboo. Statistical analysies revealed no significant differences between the groups in self reported frequency of swearing. The British English L1 participants reported a significantly better understanding of nearly half the chosen words from the corpus. They gave significantly higher offensiveness scores to four words (including “bollocks”) while the American English L1 participants rated a third of words as significantly more offensive (including “jerk”). British English L1 participants reported significantly more frequent use of a third of words (including “bollocks”) while the American English L1 participants reported more frequent use of half of the words (including “jerk”). This is interpreted as evidence of differences in semantic and conceptual representations of these words in both variants of English.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Larina, Tatiana, Vladimir Ozyumenko, and Svetlana Kurteš. "Deconstructing the linguacultural underpinnings of tolerance: Anglo-Slavonic perspectives." Lodz Papers in Pragmatics 16, no. 2 (December 1, 2020): 203–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/lpp-2020-0010.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract The cross-cultural study of the words defining social values are of particular importance in interdisciplinary contexts, as the knowledge of their culture-specific semantic as well as discursive characteristics contributes to a better understanding of how people think and act in a society. The paper focuses on the English lexeme tolerance and its translation equivalents in Russian and Serbian. It aims to specify linguacultural characterizations of the notion of tolerance in British, Russian and Serbian cultures. The data were taken from dictionaries, British National Corpus (BNC), Russian National Corpus (RNC), Corpus of Contemporary Serbian (SrpKor), as well as media and Internet resources. The combined methodology (pragma-semantic, discourse and lingua-cultural analysis) enabled us to reveal that the dictionary equivalents of the English lexeme tolerance are not complete, but partial. The findings show that in Russian and Serbian the words of Latin etymology tolerantnost’ and tolerancija seem to invoke both positive and negative attitudes, reflecting cultural norms and values. The paper contributes to the understanding of tolerance in the observed linguacultures and confirms that it is important to consider interdisciplinary approaches to language studies.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Zhang, Xinlu, and Jingxiang Cao. "A Corpus-Based Study on Construction of “Anger Adjectives + Prepositions” in World Englishes." English Language and Literature Studies 11, no. 3 (August 1, 2021): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ells.v11n3p55.

Full text

Abstract:

Anger as one of the basic emotions has attracted much attention. In the construction of “Anger adjectives + prepositions”, the temporal duration of the Anger adjectives is closely related to their prepositional collocates. Differences in the use of the Anger adjectives and their prepositional collocates might be captured in the world English varieties. The corpora used in this study cover eight varieties of English. The five varieties of English used in Canada, Philippines, Singapore, India and Nigeria are from the International Corpus of English (ICE). The China English corpus (ChiE) consists of news texts crawled from six Chinese English media. American English is taken from the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) and British English is taken from British National Corpus (BNC). By investigating the use of the Anger adjectives and their prepositional collocates in the eight varieties of English, this paper finds that, on the continuums of the temporal duration of Anger adjectives, most varieties of English are closer to American English, whereas only Singapore English is close to British English. The distribution of Anger adjectives in the English varieties is largely in accordance with the Concentric Circles of world Englishes whereas the continuums of the temporal duration of emotions present a new insight into their relations.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Meijs, Willem. "Linguistic Corpora And Lexicography." Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 16 (March 1996): 99–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026719050000146x.

Full text

Abstract:

Over the past ten to fifteen years, the discipline of lexicography has changed almost beyond recognition. This change is due to the technological revolution which has computerized the lexicographers' working environment to a very high degree and which has permitted a veritable quantum leap in the amount and variety of resources that can be brought to bear on the lexicographical process. The most important of these resources are computerized corpora of real, mostly written, but now increasingly also spoken, running text. When the first entirely corpus-based dictionary—COBUILD1—came out in 1987, it was on the basis of a corpus of around 20 million words of connected text. Now all major British dictionary publishers use corpora of at least one hundred million words of text. Harrap/Chambers, Longman, and Oxford University Press have built the 100 million word British National Corpus (BNC), HarperCollins has the 200 million-plus word Cobuild Bank of English (BoE), and Cambridge University Press has compiled the 100 million word Cambridge Language Survey corpus (CLS).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Römer, Ute, and Selahattin Yilmaz. "Effects of L2 usage and L1 transfer on Turkish learners’ production of English verb-argument constructions." Vigo International Journal of Applied Linguistics, no. 16 (May 3, 2019): 107–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.35869/vial.v0i16.95.

Full text

Abstract:

Using data from the International Corpus of Learner English (ICLE) and the British National Corpus (BNC), this article examines what Turkish learners of English know about a set of frequent verb-argument constructions (VACs, such as ‘V with n’ as illustrated by ‘I like to go with the flow’) and in what ways their VAC knowledge is influenced by native English usage and by transfer from their first language (L1), Turkish. An ICLE Turkish analysis gave us access to dominant verb-VAC associations in Turkish learners ́ English, and provided insights into the productivity and predictability of selected constructions. Comparisons with the BNC and other ICLE subsets (ICLE German and ICLE Spanish) allowed us to determine how strong the usage effect is on Turkish learners’ verb-VAC associations and whether Turkish learners differ in this respect from learners of other typologically different L1s. Potential effects of L1 transfer were explored with the help of a large reference corpus of Turkish, the Turkish National Corpus (TNC).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Norberg, Cathrine. "Male and female shame: a corpus-based study of emotion." Corpora 7, no. 2 (November 2012): 159–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/cor.2012.0025.

Full text

Abstract:

In this study, I investigate the representation of the emotion terms shame, ashamed and shameless in relation to women and men in late twentieth-century British English. The study is based on analyses of examples of shame retrieved from the British National Corpus with the specific aim to study in what contexts men and women express shame or are associated with it, and evaluate whether the emotion is represented as negative or positive. I present two general models of shame, where the first model concentrates on a negative connection between shame and pain, exposure and embodiment, and the second model describes shame as a necessary ingredient of social life that makes people recommit to socially sanctioned behaviour and values. Most examples of women's shame in the material correspond to the description given in the first model, whereas the majority of the examples of men's shame correspond with the second. The two models illustrate how shame functions to preserve hierarchical gender structures.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Rühlemann,, Christoph, and Matthew Brook O'Donnell,. "Introducing a corpus of conversational stories. Construction and annotation of the Narrative Corpus." Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory 8, no. 2 (October 26, 2012): 313–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cllt-2012-0015.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractAlthough widely seen as critical both in terms of its frequency and its social significance as a prime means of encoding and perpetuating moral stance and configuring self and identity, conversational narrative has received little attention in corpus linguistics. In this paper we describe the construction and annotation of a corpus that is intended to advance the linguistic theory of this fundamental mode of everyday social interaction: the Narrative Corpus (NC). The NC contains narratives extracted from the demographically-sampled subcorpus of the British National Corpus (BNC) (XML version). It includes more than 500 narratives, socially balanced in terms of participant sex, age, and social class.We describe the extraction techniques, selection criteria, and sampling methods used in constructing the NC. Further, we describe four levels of annotation implemented in the corpus: speaker (social information on speakers), text (text Ids, title, type of story, type of embedding etc.), textual components (pre-/post-narrative talk, narrative, and narrative-initial/final utterances), and utterance (participation roles, quotatives and reporting modes). A brief rationale is given for each level of annotation, and possible avenues of research facilitated by the annotation are sketched out.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Cheng, Yanqin. "The Metaphorical Use of Collocations: A Corpus-Based Study." International Journal of English Linguistics 9, no. 3 (April 6, 2019): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v9n3p107.

Full text

Abstract:

The meanings of collocations, which have been accepted as an abstraction at the syntagmatic level, may have been defined by the way human beings conceptualize the world. The patterns in the use of the English word “contain” are summarized using the British National Corpus and an attempt is made to use conceptual metaphors to interpret how these patterns came into being and how they could have derived from human beings’ earliest bodily experience in the physical world. Such insight into English collocations may help improve the teaching of collocations to EFL learners.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Entusiastik. "Material Critique for Touchstone 3rd Edition: on corpus analysis and spoken grammar." EDULINK : EDUCATION AND LINGUISTICS KNOWLEDGE JOURNAL 1, no. 2 (September 5, 2019): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.32503/edulink.v1i2.606.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper analysed the use of corpus and spoken language features in the English Language Teaching (ELT) coursebook “Touchstone”. The corpus analysis was carried out by using the British National Corpus (BNC) which was chosen for its easy and free access. In doing the spoken language analysis, I refer to McCarthy and Carter’s (2015, p.5) argument which take the grammar of conversation as ‘the benchmark for a grammar of speaking’ by considering features such as ellipsis, heads and teailsm lexical bundles, and vagueness. The analysis indicated that the language used in this coursebook signified a certain level of authentic and natural language, although areas of improvement were also found.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Wulandari, Fransiska Selvy, and Barli Bram. "FREQUENT COLLOCATION OF ADJECTIVE-NOUN AND NOUN-ADJECTIVE: CORPUS ANALYSIS." JURNAL ILMIAH BAHASA DAN SASTRA 6, no. 1 (October 29, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.21067/jibs.v5i1.3384.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper investigated frequent collocations used by English learners. Specifically, it is a corpus-based study which focuses on the frequencies of 15 pairs of adjective-noun and noun-adjective collocations. The frequency was examined in two corpora, namely the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) and the British National Corpus managed by Brigham Young University (BYU-BNC). The collocations are presented in the form of pairs to give the comparisons of frequencies between frequently used collocations and less frequently used ones, as seen in the corpora although they have a similar meaning. The present study aims to help English learners to be familiar with the more appropriate word choice used in their writing and speaking. Keywords: collocation, corpus, COCA, BYU-BNC, English learner

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

McEnery, Anthony, and Zhonghua Xiao. "Swearing in Modern British English: The Case of Fuck in the BNC." Language and Literature: International Journal of Stylistics 13, no. 3 (August 2004): 235–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0963947004044873.

Full text

Abstract:

Swearing is a part of everyday language use. To date it has been infrequently studied, though some recent work on swearing in American English, Australian English and British English has addressed the topic. Nonetheless, there is still no systematic account of swear-words in English. In terms of approaches, swearing has been approached from the points of view of history, lexicography, psycholinguistics and semantics. There have been few studies of swearing based on sociolinguistic variables such as gender, age and social class. Such a study has been difficult in the absence of corpus resources. With the production of the British National Corpus (BNC), a 100,000,000-word balanced corpus of modern British English, such a study became possible. In addition to parts of speech, the corpus is richly annotated with metadata pertaining to demographic features such as age, gender and social class, and textual features such as register, publication medium and domain. While bad language may be related to religion (e.g. Jesus, heaven, hell and damn), sex (e.g. fuck), racism (e.g. nigger), defecation (e.g. shit), homophobia (e.g. queer) and other matters, we will, in this article, examine only the pattern of uses of fuck and its morphological variants, because this is a typical swear-word that occurs frequently in the BNC. This article will build and expand upon the examination of fuck by McEnery et al. (2000) by examining the distribution pattern of fuck within and across spoken and written registers.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Love, Robbie, Vaclav Brezina, Tony McEnery, Abi Hawtin, Andrew Hardie, and Claire Dembry. "Functional variation in the Spoken BNC2014 and the potential for register analysis." Register Studies 1, no. 2 (September 25, 2019): 296–317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/rs.18013.lov.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract This article focuses on how register considerations informed and guided the design of the spoken component of the British National Corpus 2014 (Spoken BNC2014). It discusses why the compilers of the corpus sought to gather recordings from just one broad spoken register – ‘informal conversation’ – and how this and other design decisions afforded contributors to the corpus much freedom with regards to the selection of situational contexts for the recordings. This freedom resulted in a high level of diversity in the corpus for situational parameters such as recording location and activity type, each of which was captured in the corpus metadata. Focussing on these parameters, this article provides evidence for functional variation among the texts in the corpus and suggests that differences such as those observed presently could be analysable within the existing frameworks for analysis of register variation in spoken and written language, such as multidimensional analysis.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Tottie, Gunnel. "Uh and Um as sociolinguistic markers in British English." International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 16, no. 2 (May 26, 2011): 173–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijcl.16.2.02tot.

Full text

Abstract:

This study is based on the British National Corpus (BNC) and also takes data from the London-Lund Corpus (LLC) into account. It shows that the so-called filled pauses er/uh and erm/um are sociolinguistic markers that differentiate between registers of English and along gender, age and socio-economic class. Men, older people and educated speakers use more fillers than women, younger speakers and less educated speakers. Nasalization is used more often by women, younger speakers and more educated speakers. These sociolinguistic factors can probably partly explain the fact that the use of fillers is higher in the LLC and the context-governed sample of the BNC than in the demographic sample of the BNC. It is argued that a more positive view should be taken of fillers as planning signals, or planners, and that their functions should be submitted to careful discourse analytic study. Their recognition as words will facilitate such an undertaking.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Tottie, Gunnel. "On the use of uh and um in American English." Discourse linguistics: Theory and practice 21, no. 1 (April 7, 2014): 6–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/fol.21.1.02tot.

Full text

Abstract:

This study examines the use of uh and um — referred to jointly as UHM — in 14 conversations totaling c. 62,350 words from the Santa Barbara Corpus of Spoken American English. UHM was much less frequent than in British English with 7.5 vs. 14.5 instances per million words in the British National Corpus. However, as in British English the frequency of UHM was closely correlated to extra-linguistic context. Conversations in non-private environments (such as offices and classrooms) had higher frequencies than those taking place in private spaces, mostly homes. Time required for planning, especially when difficult subjects were discussed, appeared to be an important explanatory factor. It is clear that UHM cannot be dismissed as mere hesitation or disfluency; it functions as a pragmatic marker on a par with well, you know, and I mean, sharing some of the functions of these in discourse. Although the role of sociolinguistic factors was less clear, the tendencies for older speakers and educated speakers to use UHM more frequently than younger and less educated ones paralleled British usage, but contrary to British usage, there were no gender differences.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Vainorenie, I. "COLLOCATIONS WITH LEXEMES “RESULT” AND “CONSEQUENCE” IN BRITISH NATIONAL CORPUS: A CONTRASTIVE AND TYPOLOGICAL ASPECT." International Humanitarian University Herald. Philology 1, no. 43 (2019): 139–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.32841/2409-1154.2019.43.1.33.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'British National Corpus'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles