Relevant bibliographies by topics / British Standards Institution

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'British Standards Institution'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 26 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "British Standards Institution"

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Broom, Andrew. "Standards for archives: The work of the British standards Institution related to archives1." Journal of the Society of Archivists 8, no. 3 (April 1987): 174–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00379818709514319.

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Lines, Roy W. "The Work of the British Standards Institution in Particle, surface and pore size characterisation." Particle & Particle Systems Characterization 8, no. 1-4 (1991): 170–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19910080130.

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Lunne, T., S. Knudsen, Ø. Blaker, T. Vestgården, J. J. M. Powell, C. F. Wallace, L. Krogh, N. V. Thomsen, G. Yetginer, and R. K. Ghanekar. "Methods used to determine maximum and minimum dry unit weights of sand: Is there a need for a new standard?" Canadian Geotechnical Journal 56, no. 4 (April 2019): 536–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2017-0738.

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Known challenges exist with maximum (γdmax) and minimum (γdmin) dry unit weight measurements; the respective dry unit weight results depend very much on the method or standard used. A laboratory testing programme was completed to systematically determine and compare γdmax and γdmin values derived for six different sand types by using different methods. The tested sands contained a wide variety of mineralogical and fines contents. The γdmax and γdmin determinations were performed according to the following methods: British Standards Institution (BS) standards; American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards; Deutsches Institut für Normung (DIN) standards; Dansk Geoteknisk Forening (DGF) guidelines; Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI), Geolabs, and Fugro proprietary methods. Differences in testing procedures, material requirements for testing, and the effects of soil degradation during testing introduce challenges and large differences in γdmax and γdmin values for each of the six sand types were observed. Therefore, it is concluded that there is a need for the development of new standards for a robust determination of γdmax and γdmin values. Specifically, a standard for determining γdmax is required to consistently obtain results at the upper bound of dry unit weight values for the likely range of sands — without crushing the sand grains.
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WELLS, C. "BS7750 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS. (REPORT OF THE BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTION CONFERENCE HELD IN LONDON ON 22 MAY 1992)." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Municipal Engineer 98, no. 2 (June 1993): 119–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/imuen.1993.23602.

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TOPALIAN, ALAN. "THE ROLE OF INNOVATION LEADERS IN DEVELOPING LONG-TERM PRODUCTS." International Journal of Innovation Management 04, no. 02 (June 2000): 149–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1363919600000093.

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Leadership and innovation attract increasing attention as business enterprises enter the 21st century. There is a considerable volume of published material on both these topics, yet virtually nothing on the contribution of innovation leaders to the effective management of innovation. A prime duty of innovation leaders is to deliver a continuous stream of profitable innovations over time, by harnessing internal and external resources. This paper explores the role of these individuals in evolving a more systematic approach to enhance innovative performance within their organisations. The perspective adopted is that of radical step change required when planning "long-term" products and services that are at least two generations ahead of those currently on the market. For most organisations, this represents a planning horizon of at least ten years. The discussion draws on the findings of a research survey carried out in the United Kingdom for the British Standards Institution which guided the content of the new British Standard BS7000 Part 1 Guide to Managing Innovation.
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Upitis, Alise. "Personality, consumption and architectural pedagogy in the UK, 1958–1968." Architectural Research Quarterly 12, no. 3-4 (December 2008): 325–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1359135508001243.

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The Pop-Art doyens of the Independent Group (IG) and the British design establishment were in two minds about burgeoning British consumerism during the 1950s. Members of IG were busy collaging images appropriated from American consumer culture while members of the British design establishment were fiercely opposed to adopting principles of capitalist consumerism, such as expendability of goods and planning for obsolescence. Protests against consumerist values were voiced by figures of the Modernist design establishment such as historian Nikolaus Pevsner and Michael Farr, then editor of the Council of Industrial Design's publication Design. Their views were reinforced by the stances of the British Standards Institution, the Molony Committee, created in 1959 to review and revise consumer law, and the Consumers' Association, publisher of the popular product-review magazine Which? These organisations held paramount design's durability, function and use. However, such institutionally-sanctioned concerns, in the tradition of the nineteenth-century preoccupation with social empiricism and consumer education, hardly stemmed a rising fascination with what an increasing consumption of goods could teach design.
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Nascimento, Natália Marinho do, María Manuela Moro Cabero, and Marta Lígia Pomim Valentim. "The adoption of ISO standards in Brazil, Iberian Peninsula and United Kingdom in information and documentation." Records Management Journal 28, no. 3 (November 19, 2018): 305–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rmj-04-2018-0009.

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Purpose The use of standards is currently characterized by International Organization for Standardization (ISO) as essential for the efficient development of products, processes, services and systems in organizations; that is the norm-profit-measuring methodology Toolkit. From an impact-analysis perspective, the purpose of this paper is to compare the existing published standards in the area of archival science and documentation in Brazil, by the hand of the Brazilian Association of Technical Standards (ABNT); Portugal (NP), by the Portuguese Institution of Quality (IPQ); and in Spain (UNE), by the Spanish Association for Standardization and Certification (AENOR). Finally, this paper aims to observe the convergences and divergences among these countries with respect to the first country standards organization, United Kingdom (UK), by the British Standards Institution (BSI). This paper is an extract of a deeper investigation about behaviors, uses and impact of ISO’s standards. Design/methodology/approach The methodology consists in a qualitative and quantitative comparative study, carried out through the analysis of the technical contents of the standards present in the catalogs available on the ABNT, IPQ, AENOR and BSI websites. It compares the main existing divergences in adoption, collaboration, elaboration, volume, working-group dynamism, editing schedules, costs and groups of standards. Findings The analysis allowed to observe the relevance of the technical standards in the studied countries and the advantages of the adoption of ISO for the dissemination of contents. For instance, the use and application of these standards for the development of archival and records management activities is considered to benefit the professionals to decrease the time of implementation and execution of the archival activities and allow continuous assessment. Besides ensuring quality in the archival processes, standardization evidences the complexity within organizational environments inherent to the metamorphosis of each’s functional context. Originality/value This paper contributes with an original analysis of how the technical standards of the Archival and Records Management area are published and used in Brazil, Iberian Peninsula and the UK.
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Odewale, Stephen A., Atilade A. Oladunni, and Babatunde O. Oyewale. "Chemical Characterization of Nine Locally Made Cement Products for Quality Assurance in Nigeria Cement Industry." European Journal of Engineering Research and Science 5, no. 12 (December 30, 2020): 126–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2020.5.12.2008.

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Chemical characterization of Portland limestone cement products collected across the nine existing cement manufacturing plants in Nigeria was conducted using Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer (EDXRF) with the aim of determining conformity with global and local standards and investigating likely variation in quality resulting from differences in the sources of major raw materials, especially limestone used in production. The cement samples are composed essentially of CaO, SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, MgO, Na2O, K2O and SO3 while P2O5, MnO and TiO2 were present in trace amount. In addition to oxide compositions, the mineralogical components: Alite (C3S), Belite (C2S), Celite (C3A), and Ferrite (C4AF), and other cement quality control variables such as Lime Saturation Factor, Silica Modulus and Alumina Modulus of all the nine cement samples analyzed in this study are in agreement with the specifications for Portland limestone cement published by the Standard Organisation of Nigeria (SON), the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), and the British Standards Institution (BSI). The nine cement products also have their compositions in close proportion indicating none of the products is superior in quality irrespective of manufacturer or production site, a common misconception in the Nigerian cement market.
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Odewale, Stephen A., Atilade A. Oladunni, and Babatunde O. Oyewale. "Chemical Characterization of Nine Locally Made Cement Products for Quality Assurance in Nigeria Cement Industry." European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research 5, no. 12 (December 30, 2020): 126–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2020.5.12.2008.

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Chemical characterization of Portland limestone cement products collected across the nine existing cement manufacturing plants in Nigeria was conducted using Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer (EDXRF) with the aim of determining conformity with global and local standards and investigating likely variation in quality resulting from differences in the sources of major raw materials, especially limestone used in production. The cement samples are composed essentially of CaO, SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, MgO, Na2O, K2O and SO3 while P2O5, MnO and TiO2 were present in trace amount. In addition to oxide compositions, the mineralogical components: Alite (C3S), Belite (C2S), Celite (C3A), and Ferrite (C4AF), and other cement quality control variables such as Lime Saturation Factor, Silica Modulus and Alumina Modulus of all the nine cement samples analyzed in this study are in agreement with the specifications for Portland limestone cement published by the Standard Organisation of Nigeria (SON), the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), and the British Standards Institution (BSI). The nine cement products also have their compositions in close proportion indicating none of the products is superior in quality irrespective of manufacturer or production site, a common misconception in the Nigerian cement market.
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O. Ajala, M. "Construction of steel shed: a case study of automobile service center, bells university of technology, Sango-Ota, Ogun state, Nigeria." International Journal of Physical Research 9, no. 1 (February 2, 2021): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijpr.v9i1.31337.

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The construction of steel shed for Automobile Service Centre at the Bells University, Sango-Ota, Ogun State, Southwestern Nigeria was deemed necessary in order to expand the existing structure, ensure safety and bring economic gains to the Institution. This paper therefore presents a report of the construction of steel shed at the Automobile Service Centre where activities such as automobile checks, repairs and so on are been carried out. In carrying out the project, the following methods were adopted: evaluation of design/working drawings, selection and fabrication of structural members, construction work and finishing. All methods follow standard procedures as specified in relevant British standards. The assemblage and completed work were the results of the methods mentioned above and it was confirmed that the members were adequate to carry the live and dead loads that they may be subjected to. The aim of the project was achieved.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "British Standards Institution"

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Stirling, Sarah. "British Columbia institutions teacher curricula and the ministry of education teachers act standards." 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10170/589.

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British Columbia's Ministry of Education has established fundamental policy standards for teacher practice. These standards ensure the safety and well-being of school children and youth. My study explores the lived realities of novice and experienced teachers focusing on the quantity and quality of their university training and their preparedness to implement standards. Participants' stories reveal vast differences in teacher training institutions curricula, practicums, and overall quality of education. However, there is one similarity; there is a general lack of training in relation to bullying, classroom management, and teaching strategies. Interestingly, teachers have been requesting training in these areas for decades. I contend that there is a gap between ministry policy and teacher training institutions' curriculum development. Thus, teachers graduate without the necessary skills to implement the government's teaching standards, especially in relation to student safety in school. I present practical recommendations for teacher training curriculum development, and I emphasize the importance of a mentorship program for novice teachers to ensure best practice and job satisfaction.
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Books on the topic "British Standards Institution"

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Institution, British Standards. CE Marking for machinery: A guide to the European directive -. London: BSI Standards, 1999.

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Harding, J. R. A new code of practice for the use of masonry: Materials and components, design and workmanship : brief comparativenotes on BS 5628: Part 3: 1985 and CP 121: 1973 which it replaces. Windsor: Brick Development Assn, 1985.

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Institution, British Standards. Royal charter and bye-laws 1981. London: British Standards Institution, 1992.

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Institution, British Standards. Annual review & summary financial statements. London: BSI, 2001.

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Institution, British Standards. Annual review & summary financial statements. London: BSI, 2003.

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Prior, M. J. Directional driving rain indices for the United Kingdom: Computation and mapping : (background to BSI Draft for development DD93). Garston: Building Research Establishment, 1985.

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Institution, British Standards. Annual review & summary financial statements. London: BSI, 2002.

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Institution, British Standards. British Standard BS5837: Guide for trees in relation to construction. London: BSI, 1991.

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BSI, the first hundred years, 1901-2001: A century of achievement. [London]: Institution of Civil Engineers, 2001.

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Haseltine, B. A. Handbook to BS 5628: part 2: section 1: Background and materials. [Windsor]: Brick Development Association, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "British Standards Institution"

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Gooch, Jan W. "British Standards Institution." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 94. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_1591.

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Lynch, Gordon. "‘If We Were Untrammelled by Precedent…’: Pursuing Gradual Reform in Child Migration, 1954–1961." In UK Child Migration to Australia, 1945-1970, 243–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69728-0_7.

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AbstractThis chapter examines how British child migration policy became caught up in the political sensitivities of post-war assisted migration. By 1950, officials in the Commonwealth Relations Office were becoming increasingly doubtful about the strategic and economic value of assisted migration, but also concerned about adverse political reaction in Australia to any scaling back of this work. An agreement was reached between the Commonwealth Relations and Home Office in 1954 to continue child migration on the basis of encouraging gradual reform of standards in Australia. In 1956, a UK Government Fact-Finding Mission in 1956 recommended more urgent controls over child migration, but this was rejected by an inter-departmental review in view of these wider political sensitivities. Despite introducing more limited monitoring, British policy-makers struggled to reconcile their knowledge of failings in some Australian institutions with the political challenge of trying to address these in the absence of co-operation from the Australian Government.
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Lynch, Gordon. "‘A Serious Injustice to the Individual’: British Child Migration to Australia as Policy Failure." In UK Child Migration to Australia, 1945-1970, 1–22. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69728-0_1.

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AbstractThe Introduction sets this book in the wider context of recent studies and public interest in historic child abuse. Noting other international cases of child abuse in the context of public programmes and other institutional contexts, it is argued that children’s suffering usually arose not from an absence of policy and legal protections but a failure to implement these effectively. The assisted migration of unaccompanied children from the United Kingdom to Australia is presented, particularly in the post-war period, as another such example of systemic failures to maintain known standards of child welfare. The focus of the book on policy decisions and administrative systems within the UK Government is explained and the relevance of this study to the historiography of child migration and post-war child welfare is also set out.
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Shahab, Palvasha. "Confined Employment: Exploring Labor Marginalization in Workplace Safety." In Interdisciplinary Studies in Human Rights, 237–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73835-8_13.

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AbstractThis chapter argues that Pakistan has never had a bona fide system of occupational safety and health (OSH) laws, policies, standards or enforcement mechanisms (“OSH infrastructure”). Instead, the country’s present OSH infrastructure remains divorced from workers’ most urgent needs and the country’s institutional capacity—effectively leaving workers without protection. This chapter traces the progress of the fire, delineates violations of OSH law and provides an account of the actions and inactions of various actors involved. In doing so, it highlights the gap between the OSH system’s deficiencies and the fatalities they caused; outlining what measures were legally required to prevent such a tragedy but they were not in place. Then, it explores the geneology of these illegalities and accompanying apathies as it traces the history of Pakistan’s OSH infrastructure back to its origins under British colonial rule and contextualises it with the overarching global (politico-economic) order in which the factory fire should perhaps be seen. Thus, it renders visible the historical trajectories and contemporary political and economic factors that have led to workers’ persistent exclusion from the politico-legal sphere, denial of their rights and their dehumanisation—specifically in Pakistan and generally in the Global South. It concludes by identifying some directions that could be taken for a renewed and vitalised mandate to govern the OSH infrastructure in Pakistan.
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"British standards institution." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 128. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-30160-0_1556.

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Tricker, Ray. "The British Standards Institution." In Defence Electronics, 15–37. Elsevier, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-7506-0095-8.50007-2.

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"British Standards Institution (BSI)." In The Fairchild Books Dictionary of Fashion. Fairchild Books, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781501365287.303.

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McGhie, Henry A. "The 1880s: the rise of rivalry." In Henry Dresser and Victorian Ornithology. Manchester University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9781784994136.003.0011.

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This chapter explores the 1880s as a time when standards were set in ornithology, in terms of scientific practices of naming and drawing up agreed lists of accepted records of rare birds visiting Britain. Dresser was a key figure in this, at a time when a number of self-proclaimed authorities disputed evidence and practices. Dresser was involved in various arguments over scientific naming practices with American ornithologists, which would run for many years. His relationship with Henry Seebohm, an English collector with whom he had previously been on good terms, deteriorates as Seebohm set out to deinstall Dresser as the leading commentator on the birds of Europe and Siberia. The British Museum (Natural History) continued to develop its leading importance as a scientific research institution, attracting support from many of Dresser’s contemporaries and acquiring their collections. Dresser remained separated from the museum.
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Husbands, Phil. "Robot Ethics." In Robots. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wentk/9780198845386.003.0008.

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This chapter studies robot ethics. Now that a new generation of robots—particularly autonomous, primitively intelligent robots—are starting to appear on roads and in homes, and are being used by the military, big ethical, legal, and philosophical questions are suddenly very pertinent. Robots intended to integrate into everyday and work lives must be designed to follow the moral codes accepted by society, the ethical norms of the day. One of the first attempts to provide ethical rules for intelligent robots was Isaac Asimov's Three Laws of Robotics, which featured in his 1942 story Runaround. However, robots will only behave ethically if people make them that way. Hence, it is incumbent on roboticists to engage with the ethics issues and act responsibly in both robot development and the uses of robotics they help enable. The chapter then considers the first-ever explicit ethical standard for robotics, published by the British Standards Institution as BS8611: A Guide to the Ethical Design and Application of Robots and Robotic Systems. It also looks at the use of ethical robots in an unethical way, reflecting on issues related to privacy and data protection, as well as crime. Bound up with the problems of ethics is the issue of how socially acceptable robots are.
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Tong, Carrison K. S., and Eric T. T. Wong. "Information Security Management in Picture Archiving and Communication Systems for the Healthcare Industry." In Encyclopedia of Multimedia Technology and Networking, Second Edition, 682–90. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-014-1.ch092.

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Like other information systems in banking and commercial companies, information security is also an important issue in the health care industry. It is a common problem to have security incidences in an information system. Such security incidences include physical attacks, viruses, intrusions, and hacking. For instance, in the USA, more than 10 million security incidences occurred in the year 2003. The total loss was over $2 billion. In the health care industry, damages caused by security incidences could not be measured only by monetary cost. The trouble with inaccurate information in health care systems is that it is possible that someone might believe it and do something that might damage the patient. In a security event in which an unauthorized modification to the drug regime system at Arrowe Park Hospital proved to be a deliberate modification, the perpetrator received a jail sentence under the Computer Misuse Act of 1990. In another security event (The Institute of Physics and Engineering in Medicine, 2003), six patients received severe overdoses of radiation while being treated for cancer on a computerized medical linear accelerator between June 1985 and January 1987. Owing to the misuse of untested software in the control, the patients received radiation doses of about 25,000 rads while the normal therapeutic dose is 200 rads. Some of the patients reported immediate symptoms of burning and electric shock. Two died shortly afterward and others suffered scarring and permanent disability. BS7799 is an information security management standard developed by the British Standards Institution (BSI) for an information security management system (ISMS). The first part of BS7799, which is the code of practice for information security, was later adopted by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) as ISO17799. The ISO 27002 standard is the rename of the existing ISO 17799 standard. It basically outlines hundreds of potential controls and control mechanisms, which may be implemented. The second part of BS7799 states the specification for ISMS which was replaced by The ISO 27001 standard published in October 2005. The Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS; Huang, 2004) is a clinical information system tailored for the management of radiological and other medical images for patient care in hospitals and clinics. It was the first time in the world to implement both standards to a clinical information system for the improvement of data security.
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Conference papers on the topic "British Standards Institution"

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Goodfellow, Graham D., Jane V. Haswell, Neil W. Jackson, and Roger Ellis. "Revision to the UK Pipeline Quantitative Risk Assessment Guidelines IGEM/TD/2 and PD 8010-3." In 2014 10th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2014-33218.

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The United Kingdom Onshore Pipeline Operators Association (UKOPA) was formed by UK pipeline operators to provide a common forum for representing pipeline operators interests in the safe management of pipelines. This includes ensuring that UK pipeline codes include best practice, and that there is a common view in terms of compliance with these codes. Quantitative risk assessment (QRA) is used by operators in the UK to determine if individual and societal risk levels at new developments adjacent to existing pipelines are as low as reasonably practicable (ALARP). In 2008 the UKOPA Risk Assessment Working Group developed codified advice on the use of QRA applied to land use planning assessments, which was published by the Institution of Gas Engineers & Managers (IGEM) and the British Standards Institute (BSI). This advice was designed to ensure a standard and consistent approach, and reduce the potential for disagreement between stakeholders on the acceptability of proposed developments. Since publication of IGEM/TD/2 and PD8010-3 in 2008, feedback from users of the guidance together with new research work and additional discussions with the UK safety regulator, the Health & Safety Executive (HSE), have been undertaken and the codified advice has been revised and reissued in June 2013. This paper describes the revisions to the guidance given in these codes in relation to: • Clarification on application • Update of physical risk mitigation measures (slabbing and depth of cover) • Update of HSE approach to Land Use Planning • Update of failure frequency data: ○ Weibull damage distributions for external interference ○ Generic failure frequency curve for external interference ○ Prediction of failure frequency due to landsliding The revised codes, and their content, are considered to represent the current UK best practice in pipeline QRA.
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Siva Sankara Rao, Yemineni, Kutchibotla Mallikarjuna Rao, and V. V. Subba Rao. "Buckling Analysis of Torpedo’s Cylindrical Shell." In ASME 2021 40th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2021-63423.

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Abstract Torpedo is a self-propelled weapon. It can be launched above or below the water surface. Torpedo’s different internal parts are housed in cylindrical, conical and spherical shell structures. Underwater applications require the minimization of the structural weight of shell structure for increased buckling strength, speed, and operating distance. To serve this purpose lightweight material such as Al-Cu alloy is preferred for the manufacturing of torpedo’s cylindrical shell. Here in the present investigation, unstiffened cylindrical shell structural member of the torpedo is considered for the evaluation of its linear buckling strength when the torpedo is subjected to hydro-static pressure under the sea water. Linear buckling analysis which is also called Eigen buckling analysis is done on unstiffened cylindrical shell geometry by using ANSYS R14.5 software. The values obtained for linear buckling strength from empirical equations mentioned in British Standards Institution, BS 5500 (now superseded by PD 5500) ‘Unfired Fusion Welded Pressure Vessels’ are validated with those results from ANSYS R14.5 and are observed to be closer to each other. The variation of the failure stress of an unstiffened cylindrical shell due to buckling for the variation of its thickness is also observed using both the empirical and simulation using ANSYS R14.5 approaches and are compared using the corresponding plots. And also, the critical buckling pressures of an unstiffened cylindrical shell with a constant thickness for the formation of different number of lobes for the simply supported boundary conditions are calculated by using empirical relations and this variation is observed using the corresponding plot. For these analyses numerical examples are considered.
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Ekwue, Edwin. "QUALITY ASSURANCE AND ACCREDITATION OF ENGINEERING PROGRAMMES AT THE FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AT THE UNIVERSITY OF THE WEST INDIES, ST. AUGUSTINE CAMPUS, TRINIDAD." In International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering & Technology (IConETech-2020). Faculty of Engineering, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47412/zfpx9078.

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The quality of engineering education is challenging and is of paramount importance in today’s globalised world. The Faculty of Engineering at the University of the West Indies (UWI), St. Augustine Campus, inherited a western education system and the accreditation systems in the five departments within the Faculty are based on the British accreditation system. The aim of this paper is to describe how this accreditation system is utilised in the Faculty of Engineering to ensure that the quality of the delivery of its programmes is at a high standard. The paper was derived from a survey carried out by the author. It describes the quality systems available in the Faculty and fully describes the steps involved in the accreditation process. The paper reveals the recent attempt at introducing the Caribbean Accreditation Council for Engineering and Technology (CACET) but concludes that until it is fully established and internationally recognised through its membership in the Washington Accord or any other comparably recognized international body, there will still be room for the international accreditation by the British institutions or other comparative international institutions at the Faculty of Engineering at UWI.
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Fatima Hajizada, Fatima Hajizada. "SPECIFIC FEATURES OF THE AMERICAN VERSION OF THE BRITISH LANGUAGE." In THE FIRST INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC – PRACTICAL VIRTUAL CONFERENCE IN MODERN & SOCIAL SCIENCES: NEW DIMENSIONS, APPROACHES AND CHALLENGES. IRETC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36962/mssndac-01-10.

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Abstract:
English is one of the most spoken languages in the world. A global language communication is inherent in him. This language is also distinguished by a significant diversity of dialects and speech. It appeared in the early Middle Ages as the spoken language of the Anglo-Saxons. The formation of the British Empire and its expansion led to the widespread English language in Asia, Africa, North America and Australia. As a result, the Metropolitan language became the main communication language in the English colonies, and after independence it became State (USA, Canada, Australia, New Zealand) and official (India, Nigeria, Singapore). Being one of the 6 Official Languages of the UN, it is studied as a foreign language in educational institutions of many countries in the modern time [1, 2, s. 12-14]. Despite the dozens of varieties of English, the American (American English) version, which appeared on the territory of the United States, is one of the most widespread. More than 80 per cent of the population in this country knows the American version of the British language as its native language. Although the American version of the British language is not defined as the official language in the US Federal Constitution, it acts with features and standards reinforced in the lexical sphere, the media and the education system. The growing political and economic power of the United States after World War II also had a significant impact on the expansion of the American version of the British language [3]. Currently, this language version has become one of the main topics of scientific research in the field of linguistics, philology and other similar spheres. It should also be emphasized that the American version of the British language paved the way for the creation of thousands of words and expressions, took its place in the general language of English and the world lexicon. “Okay”, “teenager”, “hitchhike”, “landslide” and other words can be shown in this row. The impact of differences in the life and life of colonists in the United States and Great Britain on this language was not significant either. The role of Nature, Climate, Environment and lifestyle should also be appreciated here. There is no officially confirmed language accent in the United States. However, most speakers of national media and, first of all, the CNN channel use the dialect “general American accent”. Here, the main accent of “mid Pppemestern” has been guided. It should also be noted that this accent is inherent in a very small part of the U.S. population, especially in Nebraska, Iowa, and Illinois. But now all Americans easily understand and speak about it. As for the current state of the American version of the British language, we can say that there are some hypotheses in this area. A number of researchers perceive it as an independent language, others-as an English variant. The founder of American spelling, American and British lexicographer, linguist Noah Pondebster treats him as an independent language. He also tried to justify this in his work “the American Dictionary of English” written in 1828 [4]. This position was expressed by a Scottish-born English philologist, one of the authors of the “American English Dictionary”Sir Alexander Craigie, American linguist Raven ioor McDavid Jr. and others also confirm [5]. The second is the American linguist Leonard Bloomfield, one of the creators of the descriptive direction of structural linguistics, and other American linguists Edward Sapir and Charles Francis Hockett. There is also another group of “third parties” that accept American English as a regional dialect [5, 6]. A number of researchers [2] have shown that the accent or dialect in the US on the person contains significantly less data in itself than in the UK. In Great Britain, a dialect speaker is viewed as a person with a low social environment or a low education. It is difficult to perceive this reality in the US environment. That is, a person's speech in the American version of the British language makes it difficult to express his social background. On the other hand, the American version of the British language is distinguished by its faster pace [7, 8]. One of the main characteristic features of the American language array is associated with the emphasis on a number of letters and, in particular, the pronunciation of the letter “R”. Thus, in British English words like “port”, “more”, “dinner” the letter “R” is not pronounced at all. Another trend is related to the clear pronunciation of individual syllables in American English. Unlike them, the Britons “absorb”such syllables in a number of similar words [8]. Despite all these differences, an analysis of facts and theoretical knowledge shows that the emergence and formation of the American version of the British language was not an accidental and chaotic process. The reality is that the life of the colonialists had a huge impact on American English. These processes were further deepened by the growing migration trends at the later historical stage. Thus, the language of the English-speaking migrants in America has been developed due to historical conditions, adapted to the existing living environment and new life realities. On the other hand, the formation of this independent language was also reflected in the purposeful policy of the newly formed US state. Thus, the original British words were modified and acquired a fundamentally new meaning. Another point here was that the British acharism, which had long been out of use, gained a new breath and actively entered the speech circulation in the United States. Thus, the analysis shows that the American version of the British language has specific features. It was formed and developed as a result of colonization and expansion. This development is still ongoing and is one of the languages of millions of US states and people, as well as audiences of millions of people. Keywords: American English, English, linguistics, accent.
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