Relevant bibliographies by topics / Broadacre cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

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Academic literature on the topic 'Broadacre cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)'

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Published: 19 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Broadacre cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)"

1

Pendergast, L., S. P. Bhattarai, and D. J. Midmore. "Benefits of oxygation of subsurface drip-irrigation water for cotton in a Vertosol." Crop and Pasture Science 64, no. 12 (2013): 1171. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp13348.

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Australian cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is predominantly grown on heavy clay soils (Vertosols). Cotton grown on Vertosols often experiences episodes of low oxygen concentration in the root-zone, particularly after irrigation events. In subsurface drip-irrigation (SDI), cotton receives frequent irrigation and sustained wetting fronts are developed in the rhizosphere. This can lead to poor soil diffusion of oxygen, causing temporal and spatial hypoxia. As cotton is sensitive to waterlogging, exposure to this condition can result in a significant yield penalty. Use of aerated water for drip irrigation (‘oxygation’) can ameliorate hypoxia in the wetting front and, therefore, overcome the negative effects of poor soil aeration. The efficacy of oxygation, delivered via SDI to broadacre cotton, was evaluated over seven seasons (2005–06 to 2012–13). Oxygation of irrigation water by Mazzei air-injector produced significantly (P < 0.001) higher yields (200.3 v. 182.7 g m–2) and water-use efficiencies. Averaged over seven years, the yield and gross production water-use index of oxygated cotton exceeded that of the control by 10% and 7%, respectively. The improvements in yields and water-use efficiency in response to oxygation could be ascribed to greater root development and increased light interception by the crop canopies, contributing to enhanced crop physiological performance by ameliorating exposure to hypoxia. Oxygation of SDI contributed to improvements in both yields and water-use efficiency, which may contribute to greater economic feasibility of SDI for broadacre cotton production in Vertosols.
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Bell, M., N. Seymour, G. R. Stirling, A. M. Stirling, L. Van Zwieten, T. Vancov, G. Sutton, and P. Moody. "Impacts of management on soil biota in Vertosols supporting the broadacre grains industry in northern Australia." Soil Research 44, no. 4 (2006): 433. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr05137.

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The grain-producing regions of northern New South Wales and southern and central Queensland are characterised by cropping systems that are strongly dependent on stored soil moisture rather than in-crop rainfall, and tillage systems that are increasingly reliant on zero or minimum tillage. Crops are grown relatively infrequently and crop rotations are dominated by winter and summer grains (wheat [Triticum aestivum L.] and sorghum [Sorghum bicolor L. Moench], respectively), with smaller areas of grain legumes and cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). The grey, black, and brown Vertosols represent the more productive soils in the region under rainfed cropping, and are the focus of work reported in this study. Soil samples were collected from surface soils (0–0.30 m) across the region, utilising sites of long term tillage and residue management studies, fertiliser trials, and commercial fields to enable an assessment of the impact of various management practices on soil biological properties. A number of biological and biochemical parameters were measured (microbial biomass C, total organic C and labile C fractions, total C and N, microbial activity using FDA, cellulase activity, free living nematodes, total DNA and fatty acid profiles), and the response of wheat, sorghum, and chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) to steam pasteurisation was assessed in glasshouse bioassays. The objective was to obtain an indication of the biological status of grain-growing soils and assess the impact of biological constraints in soils from different regions and management systems. Results showed that biological activity in cropped soils was consistently low relative to other land uses in northern Australia, with management practices like stubble retention and adoption of zero tillage producing relatively small benefits. In the case of zero tillage, many of these benefits were confined to the top 0.05 m of the soil profile. Fallowing to recharge soil moisture reserves significantly reduced all soil biological parameters, while pasture leys produced consistent positive benefits. Breaking a long fallow with a short duration grain or brown manure crop significantly moderated the negative effects of a long bare fallow on soil biology. Use of inorganic N and P fertilisers produced minimal effects on soil biota, with the exception of one component of the free-living nematode community (the Dorylaimida). The glasshouse bioassays provided consistent evidence that soil biota were constraining growth of both grain crops (sorghum and wheat) but not the grain legume (chickpea). The biota associated with this constraint have not yet been identified, but effects were consistent across the region and were not associated with the presence of any known pathogen or correlated with any of the measured soil biological or biochemical properties. Further work to confirm the existence and significance of these constraints under field conditions is needed. None of the measured biological or biochemical parameters consistently changed in response to management practices, while conflicting conclusions could sometimes be drawn from different measurements on the same soil sample. This highlights the need for further work on diagnostic tools to quantify soil biological communities, and suggests there is no clear link between measured changes in soil biological communities and economically or ecologically important soil attributes.
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Iqbal, Muhammad, Mueen Alam Khan, Waqas Shafqat Chattha, Khalid Abdullah, and Asif Majeed. "Comparative evaluation of Gossypium arboreum L. and Gossypium hirsutum L. genotypes for drought tolerance." Plant Genetic Resources: Characterization and Utilization 17, no. 6 (November 15, 2019): 506–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479262119000340.

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AbstractDrought stress negatively affects the cotton production all over the world. The negative impact of drought varies for different species due to some morphological and root attributes that help some species to better stand under drought. But the extent of disturbance varies for different cotton species. To find out such variation, two cotton species (Gossypium hirsutum and Gossypium arboreum) were studied under normal and drought conditions for 2 years. Two genotypes for each species were included, i.e. PC-1 and COMILLA (G. arboreum) and IUB-13 and IUB-65 (G. hirsutum). The experiment was laid out under a completely randomized design following factorial arrangement. Genotype × treatment × year interaction of cotton genotypes was studied for different root, morphological, physiological and fibre-related traits. Traits such as above ground dry biomass, above ground fresh biomass, chlorophyll contents, leaf area, seed cotton yield, sympodial branches/plant, fibre strength and ginning out-turn were higher in G. hirsutum genotypes as compared to G. arboreum genotypes. However less reduction under drought in all above mentioned traits was recorded for G. arboreum, than G. hirsutum. Furthermore, root traits; primary root length, lateral root numbers, root fresh weight and root dry weight were enriched under drought condition in G. arboreum genotypes than in G. hirsutum genotypes, which is a clear manifestation of higher drought tolerance ability in G. arboreum genotypes transferrable to G. hirsutum genotypes through interspecific crossing or other means.
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., Saghir Ahmad, Noor-ul-Islam Khan ., Muhammad Zaffar Iqba ., Altaf Hussain ., and Mahmudul Hassan . "Salt Tolerance of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)." Asian Journal of Plant Sciences 1, no. 6 (October 15, 2002): 715–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ajps.2002.715.719.

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Xanthopoulos, F. P., and U. E. Kechagia. "Natural crossing in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 51, no. 8 (2000): 979. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar00026.

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The extent of natural crossing in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) was studied in 2 experiments conducted in Greece during 1998 and 1999, using glandless and red-leaf traits as genetic markers. The glandless line was planted in the middle, and the red-leaf both in the middle and the corners, of a commercial cotton field. In the first experiment where estimation of natural crossing was based upon gland status, the percentage ranged from 1.67% to 2.67% in adjacent rows, dropped to 1.42% in plants 2 m apart, and declined to almost zero after 10 m. In the second experiment, where the red-leaf marker gene was used, the mean of natural crossing was 3.85% in adjacent rows, fell to 2.79% in plants 2 m apart, and progressively diminished to 0.31% after 10 m. The mean natural outcrossing in different rows was almost the same in both experiments at the middle of the field and was actually double at the corners. Differences in the extent of natural crossing between the middle and the corners of the field continued to be significant up to 4 m distance. In all cases, distances greater than 10 m among cottons were sufficient to minimise out-crossing ranges.
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Umbeck, Paul, Gail Johnson, Ken Barton, and Will Swain. "Genetically Transformed Cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.) Plants." Bio/Technology 5, no. 3 (March 1987): 263–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0387-263.

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Edreva, A., A. Gurel, E. Gesheva, and H. Hakerlerler. "Reddening of Cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.) Leaves." Biologia plantarum 45, no. 2 (June 1, 2002): 303–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/a:1015121428714.

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Hosseini, Gholamhossein, and Ratnakar J. Thengane. "Salinity Tolerance in Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Genotypes." International Journal of Botany 3, no. 1 (December 15, 2006): 48–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ijb.2007.48.55.

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Tyagi, A. P. "Zymographic Patterns in Upland Cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.)." East African Agricultural and Forestry Journal 54, no. 1-2 (July 1988): 71–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00128325.1988.11663552.

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Constable, G. A., and M. P. Bange. "The yield potential of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)." Field Crops Research 182 (October 2015): 98–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2015.07.017.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Broadacre cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)"

1

Local, Andrea. "Cloning of Carbonic Anhydrase from Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1998. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc279044/.

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Carbonic anhydrase is a ubiquitous zinc-metalloenzyme that catalyzes the interconversion of carbon dioxide and carbonate and has been found to play a wide range of roles in animals, plants and bacteria. Cotton genomic and cDNA libraries were screened for the plastidial isoform of carbonic anhydrase. The nucleotide sequences of two 1.2 Kb partial cDNA clones were determined. These clones exhibit high homology to carbonic anhydrases from other dicot plants and possess all the expected peptide motifs. For example, serine and threonine rich chloroplastic targeting peptide and conserved zinc binding residues are both present. These clones were utilized to isolate two carbonic anhydrase genes that were shown to encode different isoforms by PCR and RFLP analysis.
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Baloch, Gul Muhammad M. "Cell-bound phosphatase activity in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) roots." Thesis, Durham University, 1995. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5128/.

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A study was made of phosphorus nutrition in cotton cultivars derived from Pakistan with particular reference to phosphatase activity. Cultivars used were Qalandri, Rehmani, Reshami and TH-3/83; Qalandri was used for most of the phosphatase characteristic studies, since this cultivar exhibited the highest germination percentage and seedling establishment. Investigations of soil parameters from cotton growing region of Pakistan were also carried out. Soil pH was above 8.0 in all sites studied. Soil organic component levels were very variable between sites and within sites at different depths. Soil potassium was found to be at levels regarded as being sufficient for sustaining plant growth at all sites. However, levels of combined nitrogen and inorganic phosphate were in the range of values which could be regarded as being limiting to plant growth. The importance of phosphatase in the mobilization of organic phosphorus was therefore apparent. Phosphomonoesterase (PMEase) activity, assayed using two substrates p- nitrophenyl phosphate (pNPP) and 4-methylumbelliferyl phosphate (4-MUP), was investigated and was found associated with roots of hydroponically-grown seedlings. Staining studies indicated that the enzymes were present in the cell wall. Phosphodiesterase activity was also detected in roots, using bis-pNPP as the substrate. PMEase activity was found to have its greatest activity at pH values between 4.0 and 6.0 for all cultivars. In cv Qalandri the optimum pH for PMEase activity was 5 .5 and the optimum temperature was 55 C when assays were incubated over a 1h period using pNPP or 4-MUP as the substrate. Levels of activity were higher using pNPP than with 4-MUP, but an absolute direct comparison could not be made since the concentrations of the individual substrates used were different. Plants grown in phosphate-limitation conditions showed enhanced PMEase activity. Enhancement of PMEase activity was associated with the levels of phosphate in the plant growth nutrient solution rather than with those in the plant itself This activity was highest in 19-day old seedlings, under the conditions of growth employed here. A comparison between cultivars showed some differences in the level of PMEase activity and in the specific pH optimum for enzyme activity. Limitation of combined nitrogen to seedling also resulted m enhanced PMEase even when plants were under phosphate-sufficient conditions. A similar effect of potassium-limitation was also found and this was associated with reduced uptake of phosphate into the seedlings. No effect of magnesium-limitation on PMEase activity was found. A comparison was also made with other plants; cotton. Primula farinosa, rice, wheat and algae. All had associated phosphatase activity, with cotton showing significantly higher root acid phosphatase activity than the other higher plant species. Acidic phosphatase activity was found in the alga Drapamaldia whilst Stigeoclonium had alkaline phosphatase.
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Saka, Kamel. "REGENERATION OF COTTON (GOSSYPIUM HIRSUTUM L.) CALLUS PROTOPLASTS TO MACROCALLI." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/275376.

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Justi, Maria Marta [UNESP]. "Cloreto de Mepiquat em cultivares de algodoeiro (Gossypium hirsutum L.)." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/105176.

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Com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de doses de cloreto de mepiquat em cultivares de algodão herbáceo, foi conduzido um experimento no ano agrícola de 2002/2003, na Fazenda de Ensino e Pesquisa da FEIS/UNESP, localizada no município de Selvíria (MS). O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso, com parcelas subdivididas, e quatro repetições. Nas parcelas foram estudados quatro cultivares de algodão (Coodetec 401, IAC 24, DeltaOpal e Deltapine Acala 90) e nas subparcelas, três doses de cloreto de mepiquat (0,0; 50,0 e 100,0 g i.a.ha-1). As parcelas experimentais constituíram-se de seis linhas com 10 m de comprimento e 0,90 m de espaçamento entrelinhas, sendo consideradas úteis as quatro linhas centrais. Foram determinados, em dez plantas de cada parcela, a altura das plantas e o diâmetro do caule. O número de nós no caule, número de ramos e de capulhos por planta foi obtido em cinco plantas amostradas de cada parcela. A produção de algodão em caroço foi determinada através da colheita dos capulhos em quatro metros de cada uma das duas linhas centrais. Amostras de 20 capulhos de cada parcela foram utilizadas para a obtenção da massa média de um capulho, massa de 100 sementes, porcentagem de fibra e características tecnológicas da fibra. A análise de crescimento foi feita determinando-se, a cada 14 dias, a área foliar e a massa seca acumulada nos diferentes órgãos da planta. A partir desses dados foram calculados a área foliar total, razão de área foliar, área foliar específica, razão de massa de folhas, taxa de crescimento relativo e taxa assimilatória líquida. Considerando-se 100% a massa seca total, determinou-se a distribuição em porcentagem da massa seca entre as diferentes estruturas da planta...
The experiment was conducted with the objective of evaluating the effect of doses of mepiquat chloride in cotton cultivars in the agricultural year of 2002/2003, at Teaching and Research Farm of FEIS/UNESP, located in Selvíria, MS, Brazil. The experimental design was complete blocks in split-plot arrangement and four replications. In the plots four cotton cultivars (Coodetec 401, IAC 24, DeltaOpal and Deltapine Acala 90) were studied and in the subplots, three doses of mepiquat chloride (0,0; 50,0 and 100,0 g i.a.ha-1). The experimental plots had six rows with 10 m of length and 0,90 m between rows, being considered useful the central four rows. The height of the plants and the diameter of the stem were measured in ten plants in each plot. The number of nodes in the stem, number of branches and of fruits per plant were obtained in five plants collected from each plot. The cotton yield was determined through the harvested fruits of the two central rows. Samples of 20 fruits of each plot were used to obtain the average mass of one fruit, mass of 100 seeds, fiber percentage and technological characteristics of the fiber. The growth analysis was performed by determining, every 14 days, the leaf area and the dry mass accumulated in the different organs of the plant. From those data, total leaf area, leaf area ratio, specific leaf area, ratio of leaf mass, relative growth rate and net assimilation rate, were calculated. Considering the total dry mass as 100%, the distribution, in percentage, of the dry mass among the different structures of the plant was determined. The obtained results allowed to conclude that 50,0 g i.a.ha-1 of mepiquat chloride caused minor height of the plants in the Coodetec 401, DeltaOpal and Deltapine Acala 90 cultivars while, for 24 IAC the dose of 100,0 g i.a.ha-1 was the best... (Complete abstract, click eletronic address below)
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McHugh, John. "Molecular and biochemical characterization of phospholipase D in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L) seedlings." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2005. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4732/.

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N-Acylethanolamines (NAEs) are enriched in seed-derived tissues and are believed to be formed from the membrane phospholipid, N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine (NAPE) via the action of phospholipase D (PLD). In an effort to identify a functional NAPE-PLD in cotton seeds and seedlings, we have screened a cotton seedling cDNA (cotyledon mRNA from 48 h dark grown seedlings) library with a 1.2 kb tobacco partial cDNA fragment encoding the middle third of a putative PLDβ/γ (genbank accession, AF195614) isoform. Six plaques were isolated from the Uni-ZAP lambda library, excised as pBluescript SK(-) phagemids and subjected to nucleotide sequence analysis. Alignment of derived sequences with Arabidopsis PLD family members indicated that the cDNAs represent six different PLD gene products -three putative PLD β isoforms and three putative PLD δ isoforms. The PLD β isoforms, designated Ghpldβ1a, GHpldβ1b and a truncated Ghpldβ1b isoform. Both the full-length PLD β proteins contained characteristic HKxxxxD catalytic domains, a PC-binding domain, a PIP2-binding domain and a C2 domain. In addition both cotton PLD β isoforms had a N-terminal "SPQY" rich domain which appeared to be unique to these PLDs. The three PLD δ isoforms, designated Ghpldδ1a, Ghpldδ1b and Ghpldδ1b-2 encode full-length PLDδ proteins, and like the above PLDs, contained the characteristic catalytic and regulatory domains. The expression of Ghpldδ1b showed hydrolytic and transphosphatidylation activity toward radiolabelled phosphatidylcholine (PC) but it appears Ghpldδ1b does not utilize NAPE as a substrate to produce NAEs nor does it seem to be suppressed by NAEs.
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Justi, Maria Marta. "Cloreto de Mepiquat em cultivares de algodoeiro (Gossypium hirsutum L.) /." Jaboticabal : [s.n.], 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/105176.

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Resumo: Com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de doses de cloreto de mepiquat em cultivares de algodão herbáceo, foi conduzido um experimento no ano agrícola de 2002/2003, na Fazenda de Ensino e Pesquisa da FEIS/UNESP, localizada no município de Selvíria (MS). O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso, com parcelas subdivididas, e quatro repetições. Nas parcelas foram estudados quatro cultivares de algodão (Coodetec 401, IAC 24, DeltaOpal e Deltapine Acala 90) e nas subparcelas, três doses de cloreto de mepiquat (0,0; 50,0 e 100,0 g i.a.ha-1). As parcelas experimentais constituíram-se de seis linhas com 10 m de comprimento e 0,90 m de espaçamento entrelinhas, sendo consideradas úteis as quatro linhas centrais. Foram determinados, em dez plantas de cada parcela, a altura das plantas e o diâmetro do caule. O número de nós no caule, número de ramos e de capulhos por planta foi obtido em cinco plantas amostradas de cada parcela. A produção de algodão em caroço foi determinada através da colheita dos capulhos em quatro metros de cada uma das duas linhas centrais. Amostras de 20 capulhos de cada parcela foram utilizadas para a obtenção da massa média de um capulho, massa de 100 sementes, porcentagem de fibra e características tecnológicas da fibra. A análise de crescimento foi feita determinando-se, a cada 14 dias, a área foliar e a massa seca acumulada nos diferentes órgãos da planta. A partir desses dados foram calculados a área foliar total, razão de área foliar, área foliar específica, razão de massa de folhas, taxa de crescimento relativo e taxa assimilatória líquida. Considerando-se 100% a massa seca total, determinou-se a distribuição em porcentagem da massa seca entre as diferentes estruturas da planta... (Resumo completo, clicar no acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The experiment was conducted with the objective of evaluating the effect of doses of mepiquat chloride in cotton cultivars in the agricultural year of 2002/2003, at Teaching and Research Farm of FEIS/UNESP, located in Selvíria, MS, Brazil. The experimental design was complete blocks in split-plot arrangement and four replications. In the plots four cotton cultivars (Coodetec 401, IAC 24, DeltaOpal and Deltapine Acala 90) were studied and in the subplots, three doses of mepiquat chloride (0,0; 50,0 and 100,0 g i.a.ha-1). The experimental plots had six rows with 10 m of length and 0,90 m between rows, being considered useful the central four rows. The height of the plants and the diameter of the stem were measured in ten plants in each plot. The number of nodes in the stem, number of branches and of fruits per plant were obtained in five plants collected from each plot. The cotton yield was determined through the harvested fruits of the two central rows. Samples of 20 fruits of each plot were used to obtain the average mass of one fruit, mass of 100 seeds, fiber percentage and technological characteristics of the fiber. The growth analysis was performed by determining, every 14 days, the leaf area and the dry mass accumulated in the different organs of the plant. From those data, total leaf area, leaf area ratio, specific leaf area, ratio of leaf mass, relative growth rate and net assimilation rate, were calculated. Considering the total dry mass as 100%, the distribution, in percentage, of the dry mass among the different structures of the plant was determined. The obtained results allowed to conclude that 50,0 g i.a.ha-1 of mepiquat chloride caused minor height of the plants in the Coodetec 401, DeltaOpal and Deltapine Acala 90 cultivars while, for 24 IAC the dose of 100,0 g i.a.ha-1 was the best... (Complete abstract, click eletronic address below)
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Lehle, F. R., and A. M. Zegeer. "Effect of NaCl on the Growth of Germinating Upland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Seeds." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/208316.

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Responses to environmental stresses such as excess salinity are difficult to understand if not studied under defined conditions. The objective of this study was to determine if cottonseed radicle and cotyledon growth during germination was affected by exogenous NaCl. Cottonseeds were imbibed in moistened paper toweling for 24 h at 32°C before transfer to an agar media containing selected concentrations of NaCl for an additional 24 h. Radicle linear growth extension was stimulated at low NaC1 concentrations (80 mM), but increasingly inhibited as NaCl concentrations increased from 160 to 400 mM. Radicle and cotyledon fresh weights were increasingly inhibited by NaCl concentrations between 0 and 400 mM. NaCl inhibition of radicle fresh weights was more pronounced than that of cotyledons. We conclude that the inhibitory effects of NaCl can be quantified as reductions in cottonseed radicle and cotyledon growth.
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Vasconcelos, Ubieli Alves Araújo. "Análise dialética em algodoeiro (Gossypium hirsutum L.) para tolerância à seca." Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, 2016. http://tede.bc.uepb.edu.br/tede/jspui/handle/tede/2333.

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Cotton is a crop of large economic value at worldwide. The Brazilian production is around 1.5 million tons, coming mainly from the Mid West, Southeast and Northeast region, specially Cerrado areas. Despite to importance of crop to Brazil, there is a broad demand to investment in breeding area focusing on selection of promising genotypes as to yield and regional adaptation. In order to attend this demand, breeding programs have focused on generation of different lines by hybridization, using robust genitors, aiming broaden the genetic background of the lines and to favor the selection procedures. In this study we used 20 cotton lines, obtained through diallel crosses with parents of Moco and herbaceous types, aiming to estimate the GCC and SCC in materials tolerant to drought, based on agronomic traits. The study was carried out in semiarid environment, at Barbalha Station, CE, in dry season, using water supplementation. After the appearance of the first buds, plants were subjected to 23 days of water suppression, and re-established watering thereafter. The experimental design was randomized blocks, with 20 treatments and factorial scheme (20 x 2), and three replications. The variables evaluated were: plant height, Productivity, fiber percentage, Boll weight, Rising of first flower and Rising of first boll. Additionally, total chlorophyll content in leaves was determined. The statistical analysis wasperformed by GENE program. Analyses of combinatorial capacities were performed according to the method adapted by Griffing (1956), which estimates the effects of GCC of each parent and the effects of SCC. There was wide variation between the parents for the analyzed variables. The follow parents showed best estimates of GCA, and therefore, have more favorable alleles, based on traits studied: BRS 286, CNPA 5M and CNPA 7MH. To SCC, the hybrids BRS 286 X CNPA 5M, BRS RUBI X CNPA 5M and BRS 286 X BRS Serido demonstrated complementarity Plant hight and porductivity. The estimates of GCC and SCC presented in this paper provided valuable inputs to cotton improvement, as to both parents and hybrid selections.
O algodão é uma cultura de grande importância econômica mundialmente. No Brasil a produção encontra-se na faixa de 1,5 milhões de toneladas, oriundas principalmente das regiões Centro - Oeste, Sudeste e Nordeste, com maior área situada nos Cerrados. Apesar do crescimento da cultura em nível nacional, há necessidade de investimento na área de melhoramento genético com fins de selecionar genótipos promissores para produção e adaptação regional. Para tanto, os programas de melhoramento têm focalizado na geração de linhagens divergentes, por meio de hibridações com progenitores robustos, de modo a ampliar a base genética das linhagens e favorecer os procedimentos de seleção. Nesse trabalho utilizou-se uma população composta de 20 híbridos de algodão, obtida via cruzamentos dialelicos com genitores dos tipos arbóreo e herbáceo, objetivando estimar as CGC e CEC dos materiais tolerantes a seca, focalizando em caracteres agronômicos. O trabalho foi conduzido em ambiente semiárido, em Barbalha, CE, em regime de sequeiro com complementação hídrica.Após o surgimento dos primeiros botões florais, as plantas foram submetidas a 23 dias de supressão hídrica, sendo restabelecidas as regas após esse período. O delineamento experimental adotado foi de blocos ao acaso, com 20 tratamentos, com esquema fatorial 20 x 2, e três repetições. As variáveis avaliadas foram: Altura de planta, Produtividade, Percentagem de fibras, Peso de um capulho, Surgimento da primeira flor e Surgimento da primeira maçã. Adicionalmente, determinou-se o teor de Clorofila total nas folhas. As analises estatísticas foram realizadas pelo programa GENES. As análises das capacidades combinatórias foram realizadas de acordo com o modelo adaptado por Griffing (1956), que estima os efeitos da capacidade geral de combinação CGC de cada parental e os efeitos da capacidade específica de combinação CEC. Verificou-se ampla variabilidade entre os genitores para as variáveis analisadas. Os genitores que apresentaram as melhores estimativas de CGC e com maior número de alelos favoraveis para as principais características estudadas foram BRS 286, CNPA 5M e CNPA 7MH, enquanto que para CEC, os híbridos BRS 286 X CNPA 5M, BRS RUBI X CNPA 5M e BRS 286 X BRS SERIDO destacaram-se por demonstrar melhores estimativas de CEC e complementaridade para ALT e PROD em condições de estresse hídrico. As estimativas de CGC e CEC ofereceram contribuições valiosas no processo de seleção no melhoramento genético, tanto de genitores como de combinações hibridas.
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Askew, Matthew Carter. "Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) Termination and Integration of Halauxifen into Virginia Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Production." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/86786.

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Cover crops have become an important part of cropping systems in the United States, especially in the Mid-Atlantic region. Rapeseed is a popular choice due to its deep growing taproot which creates soil macropores and increases water infiltration. If not properly terminated rapeseed can become problematic due to its pod-shattering tendency and its difficulty to terminate with herbicides once it enters reproductive growth. Results indicate termination of rapeseed is most effective when the cover crop is small. Combinations that successfully terminated rapeseed include glyphosate plus 2,4-D and paraquat plus 2,4-D. Halauxifen-methyl is a new Group 4 herbicide marketed for preplant burndown horseweed (Conyza canadensis L.) control. Previous research indicates that halauxifen effectively controls glyphosate-resistant horseweed. However, little is known about control of other common winter annual weeds by halauxifen. Results indicate halauxifen has a narrow spectrum of control providing adequate control (>80%) of horseweed, henbit (Lamium amplexicaule L.), and purple deadnettle (Lamium purpureum L.), while failing to control cutleaf evening-primrose (Oenothera laciniata Hill), curly dock (Rumex crispus L.), purple cudweed (Gamochaeta purpurea L. Cabrera), common chickweed (Stellaria media L.), and mousear chickweed (Cerastium L.). Little is known of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) tolerance to halauxifen applied preplant burndown. Results indicate cotton is more tolerant to halauxifen than 2,4-D or dicamba when the interval between preplant application and cotton planting is less than 30 days.
Master of Science in Life Sciences
Cover crops are an important part of cropping systems in the United States, especially in the Mid-Atlantic region. Producers utilize cover crops to aid in weed suppression, reduce soil erosion, as well as to increase soil health. Cereals, legumes, and Brassicaceae species are popular cover crops planted either as monocultures or mixtures. Rapeseed can become problematic due to its difficulty to terminate once it enters reproductive stage, as well as its podshattering characteristic. Experiments were conducted to evaluate various herbicides and herbicide combinations for rapeseed termination two application timings. At three locations where rapeseed averaged 12 cm in height at early termination, and 52 cm in height at late termination, glyphosate + 2,4-D was most effective, controlling rapeseed (96%) 28 days after early termination (DAET). Paraquat + atrazine + atrazine (92%), glyphosate + saflufenacil (91%), glyphosate + dicamba (91%), and glyphosate (86%) all provided at least 80% control 28 DAET. Paraquat + 2,4-D (85%), glyphosate + 2,4-D (82%), and paraquat + atrazine + mesotrione (81%) were the only treatments to provide at least 80% control 28 days after late termination (DALT). At one location where rapeseed was much taller (41 cm early termination; 107 cm late termination), herbicides were much less effective, as no herbicide treatments provided greater than 80% control. Results indicated that rapeseed size at time of termination was more critical to successful termination than herbicide choice. Prior to the development of glyphosate-resistant horseweed, producers were able to control horseweed and other weeds with glyphosate applied preplant burndown. Producers now rely on auxin herbicides tank mixed with glyphosate and a residual herbicide to control horseweed and other winter weeds prior to cash crop planting. Experiments were conducted to evaluate halauxifen-methyl, a new Group 4 herbicide, for control of horseweed and other commonly encountered winter annual weeds. Halauxifen (89%) controlled small horseweed (<5 cm in height at time of application) similar to dicamba (91%), while providing better control of large horseweed (79%) (>15 cm in height at time of application) than either dicamba (77%) or 2,4-D evaluated (64%). Halauxifen provided adequate control (>80%) of henbit (Lamium amplexicaule L). and purple deadnettle (Lamium purpureum L.), while failing to effectively control of cutleaf evening-primrose (Oenothera laciniata Hill), curly dock (Rumex crispus L.), purple cudweed (Gamochaeta purpurea L. Cabrera), common chickweed (Stellaria media L. Vill.), and mousear chickweed (Cerastium L.). Results indicate that halauxifen has a narrow spectrum of control and should be tank mixed with 2,4-D or glyphosate in order to control weeds other than horseweed and henbit. Glyphosate plus dicamba or 2,4-D plus a residual herbicide is typically applied prior to cotton planting. Previous research has shown that as long as rainfall requirements and rotation intervals are met, no adverse effects on cotton is observed from 2,4-D or dicamba herbicides. Little is known of cotton tolerance to halauxifen applied preplant burndown. Experiments were conducted to determine if halauxifen applied sooner than the labeled 30-day rotation interval would injure cotton. Very little injury was observed from halauxifen (9%) applied at-planting, however dicamba (26%) and 2,4-D (21%) applied at the same timing did injure cotton. Auxin herbicides applied earlier in the season resulted in little injury (<2%). Early season injury was transient as cotton recovered later in the season and seedcotton yield was unaffected.
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Al-Bahrany, Abdulaziz Maatook 1960. "Physiological and biochemical responses of short staple cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) to salt stress." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184634.

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Three cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) germplasms (DP62, 84027, and 84033) were used to investigate the physiology of salt tolerance. Lines 84027 and 84033 were developed from the parental line DP62 and showed superior vigor under varying NaCl conditions (0.5 to 2.0 M) during germination and emergence. Proline levels increased in the leaves of all germplasms in response to increasing salinity. Varietal differences in proline levels did not reflect their variation in salt tolerance. Several physiological characteristics were also evaluated under non-saline condition in the greenhouse. There were no significant differences among germplasm sources for all parameters measured. However, salinity reduced transpiration rate, increased leaf diffusive resistance and leaf temperature for all lines. Ribosomal-RNA levels in all germplasms were evaluated after seeds were stressed for 24 hrs in various concentrations of NaCl and then germinated under normal conditions for 72 hrs. Ribosomal-RNA levels were inversely related to salt concentrations. Line 84033 followed by line 84027 had highest ribosomal-RNA content than the parental line DP62 when averaged over the four salt concentrations. Sodium content (ppm/g FW) and Cl⁻ content (ppm/g FW) were evaluated in microsomal and cell walls fractions as well as a cytoplasmic fraction which consisted of vacuoles, mitochondria, and plastids. The Cl⁻ ion exhibited a greater consistency in a concentration shift from one fraction to another as a function of time than did the Na⁺ ion. As a result, there may be a correlation between the drop in ribosomal-RNA and the amount of Cl⁻ in the microsomal fraction. Other parameters measured in the germinating seed were soluble protein (globulin), insoluble proteins (prolamin and glutelin) and fiber percentage. Variations within the germplasms were shown to exist. This study shows that even among lines that have been selected for salt tolerance from a single variety, the possibility exists that each of these lines may have a different mechanism to cope with salt stress.
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Books on the topic "Broadacre cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)"

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Serrano, Elisabete de Oliveira. Bibliografia brasileira de economia na cultura do algodoeiro (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Campina Grande, PB: Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa do Algodão, 1990.

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1955-, McConnell James Scott, and Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station, eds. Yield, earliness and fiber strength of blends of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivars. Fayetteville, Ark: Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 1997.

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Allen, Samuel. Nitrogen Dynamics in a Pecan (Carya Illinoensis K. Koch)-Cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L. ) Alley Cropping System in the Southern United States. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2018.

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Book chapters on the topic "Broadacre cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)"

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Rathore, Keerti S., LeAnne M. Campbell, Shanna Sherwood, and Eugenia Nunes. "Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 11–23. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1658-0_2.

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Rauf, Saeed, Muhammad Shehzad, Jameel M. Al-Khayri, Hafiz Muhammad Imran, and Ijaz Rasool Noorka. "Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Breeding Strategies." In Advances in Plant Breeding Strategies: Industrial and Food Crops, 29–59. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23265-8_2.

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Arshad, Muhammad, Yusuf Zafar, and Shaheen Asad. "Silicon Carbide Whisker-Mediated Transformation of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 79–92. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-212-4_7.

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Pessarakli, Mohammad. "Physiological Responses of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) to Salt Stress." In Handbook of Plant and Crop Physiology, 691–712. 4th ed. 4th edition. | Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press, 2021.: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003093640-40.

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Ahmad, S., M. Ashraf, and M. D. Khan. "Intra-specific variation for salt tolerance in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)." In Tasks for vegetation science, 199–207. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0067-2_22.

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Zhang, Jun, and Yan Hong. "Investigating Transgene Integration and Organization in Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Genome." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 123–36. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-8952-2_10.

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Zhang, Jun, and Yan Hong. "Investigating Transgene Integration and Organization in Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Genome." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 95–107. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-212-4_8.

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Hu, Yuanyuan, Yali Zhang, Honghai Luo, Wah Soon Chow, and Wangfeng Zhang. "The Different Photoprotective Mechanisms of Various Green Organs in Cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.)." In Advanced Topics in Science and Technology in China, 726–29. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32034-7_156.

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Arshad, Muhammad, and Shaheen Asad. "Embryogenic Calli Explants and Silicon Carbide Whisker-Mediated Transformation of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 75–91. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-8952-2_7.

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EL Sabagh, Ayman, Akbar Hossain, Md Sohidul Islam, Celaleddin Barutcular, Disna Ratnasekera, Ozgul Gormus, Khizer Amanet, et al. "Drought and Heat Stress in Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.): Consequences and Their Possible Mitigation Strategies." In Agronomic Crops, 613–34. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0025-1_30.

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Conference papers on the topic "Broadacre cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)"

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Bataeva, Yulya, Damelya Magzanova, Adelia Baimukhambetova, Lilit Grigoryan, and Daria Vilkova. "Influence of Bacillus megaterium to promote growing of cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.)." In "The Caspian in the Digital Age" within the framework of the International Scientific Forum "Caspian 2021: Ways of Sustainable Development". Dela Press Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56199/dpcsebm.momz3523.

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The article presents the results of studying the influence of Bacillus megaterium on the growth and development of Gossypium hirsutum cotton plant in the field conditions of the Astrakhan Region. In the wild plants have to cope with several adverse environmental conditions, such as water scarcity, high salt concentrations in the soil, extreme temperatures, nutrient deficiencies and pathogen attacks. However, plants can interact with several soil microorganisms, including plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, which make the plant more resistant to such stresses. Bacillus-based products represent the most important class of microbial products for phytosanitary use available on the market. Field studies and microbiological analysis of the soil were carried out on the basis of the All-Russian Research Institute of Irrigated Horticulture and Melon Growing (VNIIOB) and Astrakhan State University. To compare the results, in the experiment the chemical mineral fertilizer Amofoska was used in the concentration of the working solution. Distilled water was used as a control substance. The weight of the crop was calculated at the end of the vegetation season. The research revealed that Bacillus megaterium has growth-promoting effect on cotton culture. Germination of seeds treated with bacillus was 96%. Plant biometrics indicate that plants treated with bacillus show the highest values in terms of leaf weight, leaf area and root length relative to the control. Thus, the number of buds and flowers increased by 5.1 and 3.1 pieces in comparison to the control sample and the one treated with mineral fertilizer, respectively. The length of the root also increased by 9.8 and 2.4 cm. The weight of cotton treated with bacillus exceeds the control variant by 46 g. and mineral fertilizer by 48.4 g, respectively. When abundantly poured for the second time, this indicator exceeded the weight of the control sample by 8 g and after treatment with mineral fertilizer - by 32 g.
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Arias Gaguancela, Omar. "Fatty acid amide hydrolases (FAAHs) regulate growth and development in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) seedlings." In ASPB PLANT BIOLOGY 2020. USA: ASPB, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46678/pb.20.1332306.

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Abbasi, G. H., M. Noman Tahir, M. Anwar ul-Haq, and Moazzam Jamil. "Comparative effects of salinity and water stress on morpho-physiological, ionic and yield attributes of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)." In Annual International Conference on Sustainable Energy and Environmental Sciences. Global Science & Technology Forum (GSTF), 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5176/2251-189x_sees14.04.

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"Identification of univalent chromosomes in monosomic lines of the Gossypium hirsutum L. cotton type with the help of cytogenetic markers." In Current Challenges in Plant Genetics, Genomics, Bioinformatics, and Biotechnology. Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences Novosibirsk State University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18699/icg-plantgen2019-81.

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Antille, Diogenes L. "<i>Effect of fertigation on crop and soil established to cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) under furrow and overhead irrigation</i>." In 2017 Spokane, Washington July 16 - July 19, 2017. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aim.201700454.

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Antille, Diogenes L., Tai Nguyen-Ky, Kojo Atta Aikins, Mahmood A. H. Hussein, Sawtenterpreet Singh, Adnan A. A. Luhaib, and Amrit Singh. "<i>Evaluation of NEXEN™ stabilized nitrogen applied to overhead irrigated cotton</i> (<i>Gossypium hirsutum</i> L.)." In 2018 Detroit, Michigan July 29 - August 1, 2018. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aim.201800252.

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