Academic literature on the topic 'Broadcaster spreaders'

ABSTRACT Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, and Arcobacter spp. were detected in feces of healthy dairy cows by highly specific multiplex-PCR assays. For C. jejuni, at this one-time sampling, cows from 80.6% of farm operations (n = 31) and 37.7% of individual dairy cattle fecal samples (n = 2,085) were positive. Farm management factors were correlated with prevalence in herds in which >25% of cows were positive for C. jejuni. Statistical significance was set at a P of 0.20. Using these criteria, application of manure with broadcast spreaders (P = 0.17), feeding of whole cottonseed or hulls (P = 0.17) or alfalfa (P = 0.15), and accessibility of feed to birds (P = 0.17) were identified as possible risk factors for C. jejuni infection. C. coli was detected in at least one animal in 19.4% of operations and 1.8% of individual cows (n = 2,085). At the herd level, use of broadcaster spreaders was not a risk factor for C. coliinfection. For Arcobacter, cows from 71% of dairy operations (n = 31) and 14.3% of individual dairy cattle fecal samples (n = 1,682) were positive. At the herd level, for Arcobacter spp., feeding of alfalfa (P = 0.11) and use of individual waterers (P = 0.19) were protective. This is the first description of Arcobacter spp. in clinically healthy dairy cattle and the first attempt to correlate their presence with C. jejuni.

AbstractIn this paper we introduce an impulsive control model of a rumour process. The spreaders are classified as subscriber spreaders, who receive an initial broadcast of a rumour and start spreading it, and nonsubscriber spreaders who change from being an ignorant to being a spreader after encountering a spreader. There are two consecutive broadcasts. The first starts the rumour process. The objective is to time the second broadcast so that the final proportion of ignorants is minimised. The second broadcast reactivates as spreaders either the subscriber stiflers (Scenario 1) or all individuals who have been spreaders (Scenario 2). It is shown that with either scenario the optimal time for the second broadcast is always when the proportion of spreaders drops to zero.

Abstract Nontarget losses of granular material applied over widely spaced containers were reduced from 87% with a broadcast rotary applicator to 72–86% with a drop-type spreader and to 48–75% with a drop spreader modified to band apply the material. Plant species and container spacing configuration had a significant effect on material loss. With a drop spreader, losses ranged from a low of 10% with pot-to-pot spaced juniper to 86% with liriope on 30-cm centers. With a pot-to-pot hexagonal configuration, the losses varied from 10.2% with juniper to 19.9% with liriope. With a pot-to-pot square configuration, the losses varied from 15.1% with azalea to 31% with liriope. There were no significant differences in loss with the wide-spaced configuration with respect to plant species.

Many media channels such as broadcast, newspaper, and social networks diffuse a variety of information which can cause spread of many rumors. There are social damage and economic damage due to the spread of rumors. Thus one needs to establish strategies for controlling the rumors. We first propose rumor model with three control strategies for preventing the spread of rumor, (1) announcing the truth before ignorant receives rumor, (2) punishing spreaders, and (3) deleting information of the rumor in media, and consider optimal control problems to minimize the number of spreaders while minimizing the cost of three control strategies for preventing the spread of rumors. The analysis of optimal control problems is conducted as Pontryagin’s Maximum Principle. Furthermore, adapted optimal control is performed to investigate the effect of three controls under isoperimetric constraints. By using numerical simulations, we compare the number of spreaders before and after applying the three controls and confirm when and how each control should be applied with respect to the interest level of rumor. The lower the interest level of rumor is, the greater the number of spreaders drops after the three controls are applied. In terms of timing of three controls, control (1) should be applied in the early stage of rumor spreading and control (2) is required when the rumors spread the most. After the rumors spread the most, control (3) is needed. Commonly the higher the interest level is, the more controls (1) and (2) are required. On the other hand, control (3) is needed a lot when the interest level is low.

AbstractYellow starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis) is among the most invasive plant species in the western United States. The long-term management of yellow starthistle should include an integrated approach that incorporates establishment of competitive vegetation. In this study, conducted in two locations at Fort Hunter Liggett in Monterey County, California, we evaluated the combination of prescribed burning, the herbicide aminopyralid, and reseeding of native broadleaf and grass species on both yellow starthistle control and native plant restoration. Both study sites were burned in late October 2009. Over the following season, aminopyralid was applied at three timings and native plant species were seeded at three timings, using both a drill-seeder and broadcast spreader. Evaluations over the next 3 yr showed that aminopyralid provided complete to nearly complete control of yellow starthistle when applied between January and March, and this level of control was maintained for two seasons. Native plants failed to establish when broadcast seeded, regardless of the timing. December and January drill seeding timings were the most successful in establishing native species. There was a strong herbicide and drill seed timing interaction effect on native grass cover at both study sites. Over the course of the study the native perennial grass Stipa cernua was the most successful seeded species to establish, but establishment was slow and required 3 yr. Our results indicate that a January or March aminopyralid treatment integrated with a native perennial grass drill seeding program in January offers the greatest probability of both successful yellow starthistle control and perennial grass establishment.

Abstract The present article suggests that the brief history of Western television news dramaturgy can be expounded as three major waves: from the early days of the talking heads in the studio, over the narrativization of the field report to a (re-)current studio- and field-based talking heads format. In order to analyze the latest development entering the third wave, we propose a theoretically based dramaturgical model for the television news item. The analysis concludes that, with the current ‘return’ of the talking heads format, the pre-produced and pre-packaged bulletin program about past events is dissolving and transforming into an evaluative present- and future-oriented update format that resembles the 24-hour newsonly channels. Production time merges with broadcast time so that the uncertainty of live spreads to the dramaturgy.

The purpose of the research is to find out the influence of Korean Pop Culture toward consumerintention on selecting Korean food. Korean Drama and Korean pop music are two phenomenal Korean pop culture which are spreaded around the world. In 1997, Korean Drama was first broadcast in China, following with the big step in 2004 where Korean Drama exported also to Hong Kong and Taiwan while Korean Pop Music start to gain popularity in the late of 1990s. In Indonesia, Korean Drama and K-pop music began to be popular in beginning of 2000’s. Their popularity are followed by Korean foods in 2014. This research is to look specifically on whether Korean Pop Culture influence Indonesian people to choose Korean foods as their options. Using SPSS software and with simple linear regression method analysis, 100 respondents’ data collected is processed through validity and reliability test, classical assumption test and hypothesis testing. The results show that Korean Pop Culture influence Indonesian people to choose Korean foods.

Swine flu, also known as the H1N1 virus, is new strain of an influenza virus that causes symptoms similar to the regular flu. It originated in pigs, but is spread rapidly from person to person. Therefore, the objectives of this article are to highlight on H1N1 Influenza, its mode of transmission, risk factor, clinical spectrums and preventive ways. Studies published relevant to swine flu was searched through scientific databases like MEDLINE, Pubmed and online search engines like ‘Google Scholar’. Eligible studies involved at least one factor related to ‘influenza A virus’, ‘H1N1 subtype’, ‘epidemiology’, ‘transmission” and ‘preventive measures’ etc. Searches were limited to human only and also looked at the websites of the leading health authorities (e.g. WHO, CDC, HPA). Swine is a new flu virus that appears in human and spreads very quickly from person to person. In Nepal, the first case was detected on June 2009 after that the case is increasing day by day. In 2010 till May there were 172 confirmed positive cases, likewise on August 7, 2017 there were 10 death and 354 positive cases of swine flu in Nepal. Therefore, Government of Nepal has broadcasted awareness programs, organized seminars and meetings, to make people aware regarding H1N1 Influenza. But, it seems challenging to decrease its outbreak in Nepal because of low financial resources, low manpower, limited technology and political instability.

Centrifugal broadcaster spreaders are equipments that revolutionized the application technology application of solid material in agriculture, for presenting a great field capacity for operational field and being able to apply a large range of application rate. However, this equipment presents some inconveniences, such as the difficulty in applying the material evenly in the width used for a specific work, even when adjusting is a relatively simple task. Moreover, another problem is its behaviour variability according to the characteristics of the product that is used and the application conditions. The objective of this work was to compare treatments regarding operational adjustments in order to balance and uniform the transversal pattern of distribution, with a higher operational field capacity, for different solid products. The machine evaluated was a centrifugal broadcaster for solid material equipped with two spinning disks. The study proposal is to investigate the effect of the incomplete combination between the product type, the opening of the hopper metering system and the distribution disks impellers position. Results showed that the medium and high speeds of the conveying chain for lime distribution and the low speed for oat distribution gave a large and sufficient range of application rate by varying the opening of the metering device. According to the analysed conditions, a combination of opening position 15, impellers radial position, effective width of 10 meters and alternate application system, presented the best uniformity of lime distribution. For the oat, on the other hand, the best uniformity of distribution was reached when combining opening position 1, impellers in radial position, effective width of 10 meters and alternate application system. I increasing the flow and advancing the impellers position gave a higher field capacity. That was due to the possibility of a larger effective width as well as a higher travel speed for both lime and oat, thus preserving the transversal distribution uniformity. The maximum widths recommended are 13.5 meters for lime and for oat application.<br>Os distribuidores centrífugos são equipamentos que revolucionaram a tecnologia de aplicação de produtos sólidos na agricultura por apresentarem grande capacidade de campo operacional e pela grande amplitude de dosagens que conseguem aplicar. No entanto, este equipamento apresenta alguns inconvenientes como a dificuldade em aplicar homogeneamente o material na largura de trabalho utilizada, mesmo com uma aparente facilidade de regulagem. Soma-se a este problema, a variação de comportamento do equipamento com as características do produto utilizado e as condições de aplicação. O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar tratamentos relacionados a regulagens operacionais buscando equilibrar e uniformizar o perfil transversal de distribuição, com a maior capacidade de campo operacional possível, para os diferentes produtos sólidos. A máquina avaliada foi um distribuidor centrífugo de produtos sólidos, equipada com esteira de alimentação de fundo de depósito, comporta vertical de controle de fluxo e dois discos distribuidores providos de aletas. A proposta do trabalho foi estudar o efeito da combinação incompleta entre o tipo de produto, a abertura da comporta dosadora de produto e a posição das aletas no disco de distribuição. Os resultados mostraram que as velocidades média e alta da esteira transportadora, para a distribuição de calcário, e a velocidade baixa, para a distribuição de aveia, fornecem uma ampla e suficiente faixa de dosagens com a variação de abertura da comporta dosadora. Nas condições analisadas, a combinação de abertura de comporta 15, posição radial das aletas, largura útil de 10 metros e sistema de aplicação alternado, apresentou a melhor uniformidade de distribuição de calcário. Para aveia, a combinação de abertura de comporta 1, posição radial das aletas, largura útil de 10 metros e sistema de aplicação alternado, apresentou a melhor uniformidade de distribuição. O aumento da vazão e do adiantamento da posição das aletas possibilita maior capacidade de campo operacional ao conjunto mecanizado, pela possibilidade de operar com maior largura útil de aplicação e maior velocidade de deslocamento, tanto para o calcário como para a aveia, preservando os padrões de uniformidade de distribuição transversal. A largura de aplicação máxima recomendada foi de 13,5 metros para o calcário e para a aveia.

Both environments of mass uncertainty and emergent efforts at radical social change inspire calls for the arts to “get the word out.” Yet the distribution of information is inseparable from the distribution of resources, and the logics of broadcast are inherently colored by the politics of patronage. Moreover, the audiences addressed by such media are not open-ended, democratic masses but rather distinct publics constituted by the very forms of discourse chosen by the works: gender roles are consolidated around songs addressed either to men or women, political preferences swayed through the promotion of certain celebrities, ethnic identities unified or exacerbated via the use of different languages, and so on. However widely it spreads, distribution is never even nor unbiased; it is always colored by processes of disparity.