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1
Loreta, Alicia Marie. "Effects of a Home vs. Community-Based Exercise Program on Physical Fitness for Adolescents and Young Adults with Intellectual Disabilities and Autism." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1480604957509307.
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Thorell, Eva. "Physical Fitness and Pregnancy." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Allmänmedicin och preventivmedicin, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-203630.
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Objectives To assess physical fitness in pregnancy and to evaluate its effect on perceived health, back pain, blood pressure and duration of gestation. Also, to evaluate the effect of serum relaxin levels on blood pressure and duration of gestation. Material and methods A prospective cohort of 520 pregnant women were examined in early pregnancy and five months postpartum with regard to socio-demographic characteristics and estimated peak oxygen uptake (V̇O2 peak, est.). Serum concentrations of relaxin were carried out in early pregnancy. Physical exercise, possible back pain and blood pressure were measured repeatedly throughout pregnancy. Results Absolute V̇O2 peak, est. in early pregnancy was positively correlated to perceived health, which was lower during than after pregnancy. The average absolute V̇O2 peak, est. in early pregnancy of 2.4 l/minute was 0.02 l/minute less than the V̇O2 peak, est. postpartum, while regular physical exercise decreased throughout pregnancy. Absolute V̇O2 peak, est. in early pregnancy was not associated to the incidence of any low back pain location in pregnancy or postpartum, but inversely to intensity of back pain and diastolic blood pressure and positively with duration of gestation. Elevated serum relaxin levels were associated with decreased diastolic blood pressure and higher duration of gestation among women with miscarriage. Conclusions Perceived health, diastolic blood pressure and duration of gestation were positively affected by physical fitness while no effect was shown on the incidence of back pain. The effect of physical fitness on duration of gestation and diastolic blood pressure might have clinical implications as well as the increased serum relaxin levels on miscarriages.
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Welch, Emily. "Junior High students' perceptions of the Fitnessgram fitness test /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2007. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2055.pdf.
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Chau, Chi-kong. "An examination of performance in the 20 m multistage shuttle run and a treadmill test in Hong Kong students." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B21734690.
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Walker, Sarah. "Physical fitness in upstate New York assessment using FitnessGram longitudinal test scores /." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2008.
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Riley, Donna J. "Predictors of fitness test performance in young men /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3123671.
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Christianson, Alec. "A comparison of regimented, scheduled, and individualized army physical fitness test training programs." Online version, 2009. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2009/2009christiansona.pdf.
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Lundblad, Joel. "Assessment of Soldiers’ Physical Fitness : A comparison between the Swedish Armed Forces MULTI-test and tests of five physical fitness factors." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Bio- och miljösystemforskning (BLESS), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-29539.
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Sampson, Barbara Boone. "Children's Perceptions of the FITNESSGRAM Fitness Test." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2008. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2349.pdf.
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Peterson, John C. (John Charles) 1956. "Effect of gender on fitness performance variables (Argyle test battery) in high school students." Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=64050.
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Chau, Chi-kong, and 巢志光. "An examination of performance in the 20 m multistage shuttle run and atreadmill test in Hong Kong students." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31960716.
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Gamble, Fraser William. "A laboratory test of anaerobic endurance for ice hockey players /." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=65489.
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Hovey, Richard. "Examination of the Bosco jump test." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=55609.
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Kuisis, Suzan Mary. "Modification of the 20 Metre Shuttle Run Test (20 MST) for ice-sports." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2003. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-10292004-141657.
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Constantinides, Annie. "The validity, reliability and objectivity of a field test of squash fitness /." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63340.
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Andersen, Ross E. "An on-site test battery to evaluate giant slalom skiing performance /." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63915.
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Arushanyan, Elena. "Relationship Between the U.S. Air Force Physical Fitness Assessment And Healthcare Utilization." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4957.
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Escalating health care costs in the military health system are not sustainable long term. Regular physical activity has been shown to improve health and reduce health care costs. Military members serving in the United States Air Force (USAF) are encouraged to maintain physical fitness year-round and undergo mandatory physical fitness assessments (PFAs) annually. The purpose of this quantitative correlational study was to determine the nature of the relationship between the timing of the PFA and health care utilization (HU) by active duty service members assigned to the United Kingdom's USAF military treatment facility. Donabedian's framework and the logic process model were used to design the study. Archived fitness and health care utilization data were obtained on 361 military members. Findings indicated a strong, positive correlation between the timing of the PFA and HU, which was strongest during the PFA month. Monthly HU 6 months prior to PFA was compared using a 1-way repeated measures ANOVA. Findings indicated a significant difference between T-1 (PFA month), T-2 (1 month prior to PFA), and T-5 (5 months prior to PFA). Paired-samples t tests demonstrated a statistically significant increase in HU from T-5 to T-2. Although findings are not generalizable, they signal a need for further study to evaluate HU variability between populations, to identify at-risk groups, and to inform health and fitness policies that affect the readiness and retention of military members. The DNP project may promote interdisciplinary collaboration between health care providers and senior military leadership, innovation in health care delivery, and evidence-based and cost-conscious policies.
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Armit, Christine Marie. "Promoting physical activity in general practice : a randomised trial to test the efficacy of three strategies /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2006. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe19377.pdf.
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Wehrli, Kenneth Wayne. "Evaluation of a shallow water running test for the estimation of cardiorespiratory fitness." Virtual Press, 1995. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/935935.
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The direct measurement of maximal oxygen consumption (V02 max) has always been the benchmark for the determination of Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). However, the time and expense of that type of testing does not lend itself to students in activity classes or adult fitness participants. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the validity of a 500 yard shallow water run test in determining CRF. A commonly used field test, the 1.5 mile run, was used as a basis for comparison during the 500 yard water run. Subjects in this study included 15 men and 28 women that completed a 1.5 mile run and a 500 yard shallow water run as well as a graded exercise test to fatigue on a treadmill. Correlations between 1.5 mile runs and the 500 yard shallow water run and VO2 peak were -.89 and -.80 respectively. In addition to simple regression analysis, multiple regression analysis was used to significantly improve the prediction of CRF (p<0.05). Peak HR during the 1.5 mile run significantly improved the 1.5 mile run prediction of CRF (R2=0.78 to 0.82) with a reduction in SEE (3.95 to 3.52 ml/kg/min) from the simple regression alone. Percent body fat and subject height improved the 500 yard shallow water runs prediction of CRF (R2=0.62 to 0.86) with a reduction in SEE (5.14 to 3.19 ml/kg/min). In conclusion the 500 yard shallow water run can be used to accurately predict CRF and with the addition of percent body fat and height provide a better prediction of CRF.School of Physical Education
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Bell, Rebecca A. "Aerobic fitness, physical function and falls among older people : a prospective study." Queensland University of Technology, 2008. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16616/.
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Falls in people aged over 65 years account for the largest proportion of all injury-related deaths and hospitalisations within Australia. Falls contributed to 1,000 deaths and 50,000 hospitalisations in older people during 1998 (Commonwealth Department of Health and Aged Care 2001). It has been predicted that by 2016, 16% of the Australian population will be aged over 65 years (Australian Bureau of Statistics 1999) placing considerable pressure on the health care system. Furthermore, prospective studies have shown that 30-50% of people aged 65 years and over, will experience a fall (Tinetti et al. 1988b; Campbell et al. 1989; Lord et al. 1994b; Hill 1999; Brauer et al. 2000; Stalenhoef et al. 2002) and this figure increases exponentially with age (Lord et al. 1994b). Many physiological falls risk factors have been established including reduced leg strength, poor balance, impaired vision, slowed reaction time and proprioception deficits. However, little research has been conducted to determine whether performance on aerobic fitness tasks is also a physiological falls risk factor. Aerobic fitness has previously been related to an individual's ability to perform activities of daily living, which in turn has been linked to falls. It was therefore proposed that aerobic fitness might also be a risk factor for falls among community dwelling older people. This research aimed to provide clinical evidence to inform public health practice. This thesis comprised of four objectives: the first to find suitable measures of aerobic fitness for older people; the second investigated relationships between existing clinical tests and future falls; the third explored relationships between aerobic fitness tests and future falls; the final objective was to examine the independent relationships between falls and clinical and physiological characteristics. The participants were recruited through a random sample from the local electoral roll, with an average age of 73 ±6 years. Of the 87 participants who completed the prospective component of the study, 37% were male and 63% were female. Sixty-three participants (65%) reported no previous falls, 19 (20%) reported a single fall, and 16 (15%) reported two or more falls in the previous 12 months. The first objective required participants recruited from the community to take part in submaximal and maximal fitness tests in order to find suitable measures of aerobic fitness. A further objective was to determine whether older people were able to fulfil the 'standard' criteria for completion of a maximum oxygen consumption test. The measures used in this research included: maximum oxygen consumption, peak oxygen consumption, ventilatory threshold, oxygen uptake kinetics, oxygen deficit, efficiencies, oxygen consumption at zero, 30 and 50 watts, predicted max and Six-Minute Walk Test distance. Only weak relationships were observed between submaximal aerobic measures and peak oxygen consumption. Furthermore, only 54% of participants were able to fulfil the criteria to complete a test of maximum oxygen consumption, indicating it was not a suitable measure for use among a sample of community dwelling older people. Therefore submaximal aerobic variables were used in the following chapters. The second objective investigated the relationship between clinical measures and falls among older people and was carried out to enable comparisons between the population in this study and those described in the literature. This research found that the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test was the most sensitive of all clinical tests (including the Berg Balance Scale, Function Reach, Performance Oriented Mobility Assessment and Physiological Profile Assessment) for the assessment of future falls. The TUG requires participants to stand up, walk 3m, turn, walk back, and sit down. Time taken to complete the test is the recorded value. For this study, a cut-off value of 7-seconds was established, above which individuals were at increased risk of falls. Previous research suggested cut-off times of over 10s were appropriate for older people. However, this is the first study to assess falls prospectively and definitively find that the TUG can discriminate between future fallers and non-fallers. This research also investigated the differences in falls risk factors for functionally different subsamples, as defined by their ability to undertake and complete the cycle test. The participants who could complete the test had significantly better balance ability and strength than those unable to undertake or complete the cycle test. However, this inability to undertake or complete the cycle test was not itself a predictor of future falls. These two groups also differed in the relationships between clinical test results and falls risk. Participants in the no-cycle group had very similar results to that of the entire cohort. Even after adjustment for age, the TUG, foot and hand reaction times and knee flexion strength were all performed better by non-fallers than fallers. However, none of these differed between fallers and non-fallers for participants in the cycle group. This group had better balance ability and strength than the no-cycle group. These results indicated that the cycle group differed from the no-cycle group and the entire sample, further indicating that factors other than the physiological variables measured in this research influence falls risk in strong participants with good balance ability. Similar results were reported when aerobic tests and falls were investigated in the third objective. In the whole sample, the fallers walked significantly less distance than non-fallers for the 6-MWT. Similar results were found for participants in the no-cycle group but not the cycle group. All participants were able to complete the Six-Minute Walk Test (6-MWT) although only 74% were able to undertake and complete the cycle test. The fourth objective was to consider all measures from the previous chapters as potential predictors of falls. The variables most predictive of future falls were the TUG and having experienced one or more falls in the previous 12 months. As a result they could be used as screening tools for the identification of high-risk fallers who require referral for further assessment. This could be completed by a General Practitioner or Practice Nurse, which would ensure that screening is being undertaken in the wider population. If the patient is at high risk they should be referred for falls risk factor assessment to determine an optimal tailored intervention to reduce future falls. Low risk patients should be referred for preventive evidence-based activities. These steps can potentially improve quality of life for individuals, and if effective in preventing future falls, will result in reduced costs to the individual and the Australian public. The results of this work demonstrate that the best screening tests are simple tasks like the TUG and asking an individual if they have experienced a fall in the last 12 months. This research also found that strong, mobile older people who could undertake and complete a submaximal cycle ergometer test, still experienced falls in the following 12 months, although the causes of this are currently unknown. This research showed that physiological falls risk factors are less relevant as these highly functional older people do not have physiological deficits. However, this research found that the 6-MWT showed promise as a predictor of falls in a group who could not complete a submaximal cycle ergometer test, who had lower strength, balance and functional fitness scores than a group who could complete this cycle test. The results showed that physiological falls risk factors are still very important for older people with lower physical abilities, and this is where aerobic fitness may still be related to falls. While the association between aerobic fitness and falls remains unclear, these are novel and provocative findings highlighting the need for future falls risk investigations to consider aerobic fitness as a contributing factor.
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Shook, Shannon Usco. "The Relationship Between Physical Fitness and Academic Achievement in Sixth Grade Students." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2273.
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Researchers have reported on the relationship between academic achievement and physical fitness levels. At one rural middle school, 25% of the students enrolled were either overweight or obese and failing at least one course. Educators at the local site were seeking methods to improve the academic achievement of their students. The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine the relationship between academic achievement and physical fitness of middle school students at the study site. Framed by the theoretical connection between improved physical fitness levels and academic achievement, the research questions examined the relationship between physical fitness levels of 6th grade students (N = 216) as measured by their Presidential Youth Fitness Test (PYFT) and the state-mandated Criterion Referenced Competency Test (CRCT) scores in the areas of mathematics and reading. Findings from correlational analyses indicated small, significant positive relationships between students' CRCT in mathematics and reading and their PYFT levels. The link between personal fitness and academic achievement should be further explored; researchers should also consider potential moderating variables related to demographics, motivation levels, and educational and community support. Based on the findings of the study, physical educators at the local site should advocate for physical fitness and promote the connection between physical fitness and academic achievement. The implications for positive social change include providing local research findings to the school leadership that may have a positive effect on academic achievement.
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Ryan, Sherel L. "Analysis of the pull-up requirement in the U.S. Marine Corps physical fitness test for female Marines." Thesis, Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/41438.
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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.The Marine Corps Physical Fitness Test (PFT) dates back to the 1950s. In its current state, it is said to evaluate all Marines' general fitness levels in the areas of strength, endurance, and mobility. In November 2012, the commandant of the Marine Corps directed that the PFT for female Marines be changed, effective January 2014, to replace the flexed-arm hang with pull-ups. This study is fact-finding and seeks to evaluate the PFT policy change for female Marines. It analyzes how well the Marine Corps prepared for and executed this change in terms of expectations and in preparing female Marines for success, as well as in anticipating second- and third-order effects of the new PFT requirement within the eastern recruiting region (ERR). Data-gathering for this phase included a survey of Marines in the ERR and interviews with civilian fitness experts. Additionally, the study compares and contrasts the policy change with federal fitness guidelines, state-run occupational fitness standards, and implementation of the Marine Corps Combat Fitness Test in 2008. The study also evaluates the training program published by Headquarters Marine Corps for females to build their upper-body strength. The study highlights certain consequences of the policy change and recommends further research.
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Carlson, Andrew Robert. "Measuring Motivation and Performance on the Army Physical Fitness Test in North Dakota Army National Guard Soldiers." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2016. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/28272.
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OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationships between a soldiers? type of motivation to complete the Army Physical Fitness Test (APFT) and their performance on the APFT. In research most self-determined (MSD) forms of motivation have been associated with more positive performance outcomes than least self-determined (LSD) forms of motivation. METHODS: 208 soldiers completed a survey regarding motivation and performance on the APFT. A Pearson?s Product-Moment Correlation was performed between motivation and APFT performance outcomes. Significance was set at alpha ?0.05 RESULTS: As participants? MSD scores increased, the following variables improved: current APFT score, current APFT passing status, and APFT failure history. Additionally, as MSD motivation increased the following variables decreased: number of APFT?s failed, and LSD motivation. Finally, as participants LSD motivation increased their current APFT score decreased. CONCLUSIONS: Participants who report higher levels of internal motivation towards the AFPT show more positive performance outcomes on the APFT.Masters of Science in Advanced Athletic Training program of North Dakota State University
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Leiting, Keith A. "Physical and Performance Characteristics May Influence Successful Completion of Military Tasks on the Sandhurst Competition." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2405.
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Identification and development of physical characteristics that lead to efficient performance of military skills or tasks has been a consistently difficult task for the United States military for decades. The literature suggests certain physical characteristics may be more important, although this information is conflicting. Furthermore, the military physical fitness training program that is intended to prepare soldiers for combat is commonly evaluated with the Army Physical Fitness Test (PFT), a test that is more suited for evaluating health and wellness rather than task-specific fitness. All of this testing and training of soldiers focuses on the individual soldiers and their abilities although military skills or tasks are seldom if ever conducted independently. The first purpose of this dissertation was to identify relationships between the PFT, anthropometrics, measures of strength, and power. The second purpose was to identify the team characteristics that influence team performance during the Sandhurst Competition (a 2-day simulated military operation). Strong correlations were found between PFT events and weak correlations were found between PFT measures and evaluations of strength and power. The strong correlations between PFT events could indicate that only one event may be necessary to determine health and wellness. The weak correlations between events of the PFT and measures of strength and power suggest the PFT is not an assessment of strength and power based on the strength and power measures employed in the current study. The evaluation of team characteristics indicated that age (possibly experience) had the largest effect on Sandhurst Competition performance. Further analysis of each event supported the contention that age influences performance but also identified specific aerobic, anaerobic, and anthropometric variables that influenced performance on particular events. The data from this dissertation suggests that teams competing in the Sandhurst Competition should attempt to recruit team members with more experience, very high run scores, and high vertical jump heights.
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Lopato, Marisza. "The effect of body mass and body composition on mean power output in the 30 second Wingate test at five resistance settings /." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59408.
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The purpose was to examine the effect of body mass and body composition on the mean power output in the 30 second Wingate cycling test at five resistance settings. Forty females (X = 22 years), were divided into four groups based on body mass and the sum of five skinfolds. The Wingate test was performed at the resistance settings of 0.075, 0.080, 0.085, 0.090, and 0.095 kp/kg body weight. A 3-way ANOVA (mass, skinfolds, resistance settings) indicated that: (1) mean power (W/kg) was similar for low and high mass groups; (2) the low sum of skinfolds group had a significantly higher (p $<$ 0.02) mean power output than the high sum of skinfolds group; and (3) at resistance settings of 0.080, 0.085, 0.090, and 0.095 (kp/kg) the low sum of skinfolds group had a higher (p $<$ 0.05) mean power score than the high sum of skinfolds group at equivalent resistance settings.
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Greiwe, Jeffrey S. "Reliability of VOb2s max estimates from the American College of Sports Medicine submaximal cycle ergometer test." Virtual Press, 1993. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/865962.
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The purpose of this investigation was to determine the reliability and validity of VO2max estimates from the ACSM submaximal cycle ergometer test compared to a maximal cycle ergometer test. Thirty healthy male and female subjects aged 21-54 volunteered for this study. Each subject performed a maximal cycle ergometer test and two ACSM submaximal cycle ergometer tests. At least 48 hours elapsed between the maximal test and the first submaximal test while at least 24 hours elapsed between the two submaximal tests. Heart rates were recorded from a radio telemetry monitor and from 15 second palpation of the radial artery. A trained technician performed all palpations and was blinded from the telemetry monitor during testing to eliminate any bias. Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) was estimated by extrapolatingrate for each submaximal trial. To determine inter-test radio telemetry monitor (MON), to an age predicted maximal heart reliability between submaximal trials, correlational analysis andt-test were performed. A correlation of r= .863 and r= .767 were found between the two trials for MON V02max and PALP VO2max respectively. Paired t-test revealed no significant difference (p< .01) between MON V02max 1 and MON VO2max 2 or between PALP V02max 1 and PALP VO2max 2. Although there were no significant differences between trials, the mean data was often not indicative of the individual data since there were 8 MON VO2max cases and 19 PALP VO2max cases where VO2max estimates varied by > 0.5 L/min. There were significant differences between all V02max estimates when compared to measured VO2max and mean percent error in estimates for MON VO2max and PALP VO2max were 25.7% and 33.8%, respectively. The mean error of MON VO2max 1 and MON VO2max 2 were .61 and .63 L/min, respectively. The mean error for PALP VO2max 1 and PALP VO2max 2 were somewhat higher at .90 and .73 L/min, respectively. The present data indicates that a large error is present in VO2max estimates between trials and between measured and estimated VO2max. Therefore, caution must be used when interpreting VO2max estimates from the ACSM submaximal cycle ergometer test.School of Physical Education
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Harkrider, Tiffani L. "Treadmill validation of the Siconolfi step test." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2005. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5572/.
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Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) is the internationally recognized measure of a person's cardiorespiratory fitness. Currently the most accurate way of assessing one's true VO2max involves the use of maximal exercise tests, which require the use of specialized equipment, and are time consuming and costly. The purpose of this study was to determine the validity of the submaximal Siconolfi step test to estimate VO2max. A second purpose was to determine if body fat percentage improved the validity. Thirty-six individuals underwent a maximal treadmill test, in which VO2max was directly measured, and the step test. Results indicate that, although VO2max estimates generated by the Siconolfi step test are highly correlated to true VO2max (r =.887; p<.01), the values consistently underestimated a person's aerobic fitness. It was also determined that body fat percentage did not contribute to the prediction of VO2max.
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Lettstrand, Sofia, and Malin Winbo. "Konditionstester i rehabiliteringssammanhang : - En litteraturöversikt." Thesis, Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-9472.
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During the past few years there has been an observed decrease in physical fitness within different patient groups. As a part of the rehabilitating physiotherapy treatment it is important to acknowledge the physical condition of the patient. Physical fitness testing might be difficult due to physical limitations within different patient groups. A broad range of exercise tests is therefore of importance in clinical practice. The aim of this overview was to describe exercise tests used in rehabilitation contexts, and to define areas of use and restrictions. The method was a systematic literature overview and data was gathered through medical and healthcare databases. Scientific articles were selected and put together to answer the questions in the overview. The result showed that exercise tests mainly described in the literature were tests performed on a bicycle ergometer, treadmill tests and walking tests. The tests were in several cases combined with rating scales. The tests were performed as submaximal or maximal tests to estimate VO2max or VO2Peak. Exercise testing was commonly used in rehabilitation of cardiac- and vascular diseases, pulmonary diseases and spinal cord injuries. Evaluation of an exercise program was the most common reason for using an exercise test. The question concerning restrictions of the tests could not be answered. The conclusion was that the most common exercise test was performed on a bicycle ergometer. Maximal VO2Peak or VO2max testing were mainly performed. The most common area for exercise testing was cardiac- and vascular rehabilitation. The most common purpose for performing an exercise test was evaluation of an exercise program. Further research is required in order to describe restrictions and implementations of the tests.
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Jones, Jennifer. "The EuroAction physical activity and fitness study : a paired, cluster-randomised controlled trial in 8 European countries in people with coronary heart disease and individuals." Thesis, Brunel University, 2015. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/12963.
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Context: Increased physical activity participation and fitness are cardioprotective. The EUROACTION trial demonstrated that a preventive cardiology programme significantly increased self-reported physical activity participation (Wood et al., 2008). Objective: The EUROACTION Physical Activity and Fitness (EPAF) Study aimed to objectively evaluate the effectiveness of the EUROACTION physical activity and exercise intervention at increasing physical activity participation and fitness in people with coronary artery disease (COR) and those at high risk of developing cardiovascular disease (HRI) compared to standard care. Study design: A nested study within a paired cluster randomised controlled trial in eight European countries. Methodology: 12 pairs of centres (12 hospitals and 12 general practices) were randomised to receive the EUROACTION programme (INT) or be monitored for usual care (UC). In the INT hospitals, COR patients participated in a 16-week supervised exercise programme and a home-based activity intervention, delivered by a physiotherapist. In INT general practice nurses were trained to deliver personalised physical activity advice to HRI. Outcome measures: Objective physical activity participation was measured by mean number of steps per day (Yamax Digiwalker SW200 pedometer). Fitness was determined by the Incremental Shuttle Walk Test (ISWT) [hospital centres] and Chester Step Test (CST) [general practice centres]). Results: The mean number of steps in COR patients at 1–year was significantly higher in INT (+2310 steps, 95% CI +1226 to +3394 steps; P=0.003). The difference in cardiorespiratory fitness (ISWT) exceeded the minimal clinically important difference but was not statistically significant (+54 metres [95% CI - 102.8 to +211.0 metres]; P=0.42). In general practice centres, whilst no significant differences were found at 1 year in mean steps per day (+982 steps, 95% CI -569 to +2533 steps) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CST) at 1-year (+0.93 minutes, 95% CI -0.62 to +2.48 minutes), there was a difference in the change over time in fitness in favour of the INT (+0.94 mins [95% CI +0.23 to +1.66 mins]; P=0.02). Marked heterogeneity impacted on statistical power. All differences observed represented clinically important differences. Conclusion: The EPAF-Study has demonstrated that the EUROACTION programme was effective at increasing physical activity participation but objective measures indicate to a lesser degree than the self-reported physical activity outcomes previously published. Clinically important differences in objectively measured physical activity participation and cardiorespiratory fitness suggest further research, which is sufficiently powered, is warranted.
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Jones, Nicole A. (Nicole Amy). "Morning and Afternoon Response to Exercise Using Two Test Protocols." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1995. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc277988/.
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The purpose was to investigate time of day on responses to two types of exhaustive cycle ergometer tests. Sixteen males performed six exercise tests: three - constant power protocol and three - incremental protocol. The first test was a learning trial; the other tests were performed one in the morning and one in the afternoon. ANOVA revealed that O2 deficit and lactate were higher in the afternoon than the morning. Regardless of test type, time to exhaustion tended to be higher in the afternoon. VO2max was unaffected by the time of day and test type. These results confirmprevious reports of a time of day effect on anaerobic capacity, and support the contention that V02max is stable about a day.
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Cooper, Stephen-Mark. "Statistical methods for resolving issues relevant to test and measurement reliability and validity in variables related to sport performance and physical fitness." Thesis, Cardiff Metropolitan University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10369/7393.
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Sport performance is the result of a complex and challenging blend of many factors. Sport coaches and National Goveming Bodies (NGBs) of sport have begun to recognise that the most efficacious way of preparing athletes for competition is one based upon proven scientific methods and not upon trial and error judgements. Such a response flies in the face of much of the coaching folklore that has been passed down through the generations. Indeed, it is not so long ago that most sport coaches would treat the idea of support from a sport scientist with abject cynicism. Today, however, it is far more commonplace for individual athletes and teams of athletes, who aspire towards achieving superior optimal performances, their coaches and NGB advisors, to seek an input from sport scientists so that these athletes can achieve their full potential. The complex blend of component factors necessary for successful sport performance are activity specific, and this has led to the demand for the provision of assessment batteries that have proven specificity within the context of a particular sport. In addition, sport scientists require testing protocols to be duplicated, and for comparable data to be obtained when athletes are tested in different laboratories by different scientists and at different times throughout a preparatory and competitive season (MacDougall and Wenger, l99l). Even when scientists revert to data collection in the field, mainly because of convenience, information gathered about athletes might be less consistent, but it might well be more specific and upon which some key decisions can often be made. Clearly, athletes, their coaches, their NGB advisers and the sport scientists that support them each have concerns over performance enhancement and optimisation. Additionally, sport scientists themselves might well have a personal research agenda. It has to be acknowledged, therefore, that all of these stakeholders have an interest in the quality of the data collected and that these data should be relevant, consistent and accurate.
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Mack, Inocentio Damien. "Condition physique et santé : du diagnostic à l'activité physique personnalisée chez le senior (ASM Vitaly Test)." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CLFAC054.
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L'objectif de la thèse était de créer et de tester un dispositif d'évaluation de la condition physique afin de permettre une reprise d'activité physique pour des personnes en bonne santé. Le dispositif doit permettre de créer une cohorte de sujets suivi dans leur activité physique et leur santé en partenariat avec des associations ou des établissements de soinsThe objective of the thesis was to create and test a fitness assessment tool promoting resume of physical activity for healthy people. The device must make it possible to create a cohort of subjects followed in their physical activity and their health in partnership with associations or health care institutions
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Ryhed, Anna. "Syreupptagningsförmåga vid fem-minuterspyramidtest gentemot maximalt test på löpband : en valideringsstudie hos äldre och yngre vuxna." Thesis, Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:gih:diva-4811.
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Syfte och frågeställningar. Syftet med studien är att, hos äldre personer, över 65 år, samt hos yngre vuxna, mellan 20-30 år, jämföra syreupptagningsförmågan med två olika metoder, fem-minuterspyramidtest (5MPT) samt VO2max-test på löpband. Vid båda mätmetoderna används direkt syrgasmätning. Metod. Totalt deltog 36 personer i studien, varav 17 äldre personer 65 till 85 år (9 kvinnor och 8 män) samt 19 yngre med en ålder mellan 20 till 35 år (10 kvinnor och 9 män). Deltagarnas syreupptagningsförmåga mättes under 5MPT vid två tillfällen som sedan jämfördes med VO2max mätt via ett maximalt test på löpband vid ett tillfälle. Således utfördes sammanlagt tre mätningar med direkt syrgasmätning, via andningsmask, under ett maximalt löpbandstest samt under två separata tester av 5MPT med minst 48 timmar mellan varje testtillfälle. Utandningsluften analyserades sedan, vid 5MPT för alla, via det trådlösa portabla systemet Jaeger Oxycon Mobile och vid test på löpband för testgruppen med yngre deltagare. För den testgrupp med äldre deltagare användes, vid testet på löpband, den fasta on-line-utrustningen Jaeger Oxycon Pro som är en liknande mätmetod för syreupptag. 5MPT är ett fem minuter långt test där individen från golvnivå, med högsta möjliga tempo, förflyttar sig fram och tillbaka på en 5,50 meter lång sträcka med en centralt placerad trappramp som är pyramidformad och med en högsta central höjd på 0,62 meter. Resultat. Det primära fyndet i studien var att en stark signifikant korrelation (r = 0,99) visade sig mellan direkt uppmätt VO2max under maximalt test på löpband gentemot syreupptagningsförmågan vid 5MPT då båda åldersgrupperna var sammanslagna, uppmätt i l·min–1. Slutsats. Då det i undersökningen visades en stark signifikant korrelation mellan direkt uppmätt VO2max vid 5MPT och ett maximalt test på löpband i l·min–1 för äldre och yngre vuxna ger det indikationer på att 5MPT kan används som en tillförlitlig metod vid undersökning och uppföljning av en persons aeroba förmåga. Fyndet kan vara av värde då det genom mindre kostsamma och enklare metoder går att få ett mått på en persons hälsa i form av aerob kapacitet, vilket är betydelsefullt ur flera hälsoaspekter på individ- och samhällsnivå.Aim. The purpose of the study was to investigate the results and correlation between oxygen uptake levels (VO2max) at five-minute pyramid test (5MPT) against maximal oxygen uptake test (VO2max) on a treadmill test, both measured by direct oxygen measurement, in elderly people over 65 years and younger adults aged 20-30 years. Method. A total of 36 people participated in the study, 17 elderly people aged between 65 to 85 years (9 women and 8 men) and 19 younger adults aged between 20 to 35 years (10 women and 9 men). The participants' oxygen uptake was measured twice during 5MPT and then compared with VO2max measured by a maximal treadmill test at one occasion. Thus a total of three measurements with direct oxygen measurement, via the breathing mask, during a maximum treadmill test and two separate tests of 5MPT with at least 48 hours between each test. The exhaled air was analyzed at 5MPT for all, through the wireless portable system Jaeger Oxycon Mobile and also during the test on treadmill for the test group with younger participants. The test group of older participants, got their exhaled air analyzed through a stationary on-line equipment Jaeger Oxycon Pro instead of the portable system which is a similar reliable method to measure VO2max. 5MPT is a five minute test where the subjects from floor level, with the highest possible speed, moves back and forth at a measured distance of 5.50 meter with a central staircase ramp, which is pyramid-shaped, with a maximum center height of 0.62 meters. Results. The main finding of the study was that there was a strong significant correlation (r = 0.99) between directly measured VO2max during a maximum treadmill test compared to oxygen uptake at 5MPT when both the elderly people and the younger adults were combined, measured in l·min–1. Conclusion. The study showed a strong significant correlation between directly measured VO2max at 5MPT and a maximal treadmill testing l·min–1 for older and younger adults. This indicates that 5MPT can be used as a reliable method for investigation and monitoring a person’s aerobic capacity. This finding may be of value because it shows that less expensive and easier methods can be used to measure a person's health in terms of aerobic capacity, which is important from several aspects of health at both the individual and society level.
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Lang, Justin. "Exploring the Utility of Cardiorespiratory Fitness as a Population Health Surveillance Indicator for Children and Youth: An International Analysis of Results from the 20 M Shuttle Run Test." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36668.
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Emerging evidence has demonstrated the strong link between cardiorespiratory fitness and multiple aspects of health (i.e., physiological, physical, psychosocial, cognitive), independent of physical activity, among school-aged children and youth. Cardiorespiratory fitness is a trait that does not vary substantially from day-to-day, and provides an indication of recent physical activity levels, making it an important possible indicator of population health. Thus, the objective of this dissertation was to investigate the utility of cardiorespiratory fitness, measured using the 20 m shuttle run test, as a broad, holistic health indicator for population health surveillance among children and youth. To achieve this objective we completed seven manuscripts, all prepared for submission to peer-reviewed, scientific journals:
1. Systematic review of the relationship between 20 m shuttle run performance and health indicators among children and youth.
2. Review of criterion-referenced standards for cardiorespiratory fitness: What percentage of 1 142 026 international children and youth are apparently healthy?
3. Cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with physical literacy among Canadian children aged 8 to 12 years.
4. International variability in 20 m shuttle run performance in children and youth: Who are the fittest from a 50-country comparion? A systematic review with pooling of aggregate results.
5. Making a case for cardiorespiratory fitness surveillance among children and youth.
6. International normative 20 m shuttle run values from 1 142 026 children and youth representing 50 countries.
7. Temporal trends in the cardiorespiratory fitness of 965 264 children and youth representing 19 countries since 1981.
Combined, this dissertation provides support for the importance of cardiorespiratory fitness for health surveillance among school-aged children and youth. Results from the international analysis highlighted the variability across countries, with countries in North-Central Europe and Africa having the highest cardiorespiratory fitness, and countries in South America having the lowest cardiorespiratory fitness. The results indicated that declines in cardiorespirtory fitness may have stabilized in recent years in some high- and middle-income countries. This dissertation also identified two methods (criterion- and normative-referenced standards) to interpret cardiorespirtory fitness levels among children and youth, methods that could be used to inform future consensus, surveillance, and cardiorespiratory fitness guidelines.
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Rodrigues, Sara Daniela Quina. "Association between physical activity and cardiorespiratory factors in adolescents: a cross-sectional exploratory study." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/15850.
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Mestrado em FisioterapiaBackground: Currently, under half of the adolescents reach recommended daily levels of physical activity (PA). It is known that higher levels of PA lead to higher levels of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and therefore, a health-related CRF criterion value could contribute to identify the target population for primary cardiovascular disease prevention. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the relation between PA levels and CRF factors in healthy adolescents. Methods: A cross-sectional exploratory study with healthy adolescents aged 12-18 years old was conducted. Socio-demographic and body composition data were collected using a questionnaire. PA level was scored with the Physical Activity Index (PAI) and CRF assessment included lung function (LF) measured with spirometry and exercise tolerance measured with Incremental Shuttle Walking Test (ISWT). According to PAI scores the sample was divided in two groups: 1 (sedentary, low and moderately active); 2 (vigorously active (VA)). Descriptive statistics were applied to characterise the sample. Independent sample t-tests assessed differences between groups and simple logistic regressions identified the predictors of being VA. Results: The study included 115 adolescents (14.63±1.70 years old; 56.52% female). Adolescents presented a normal body mass index=21.19±3.14 Kg.m-2) and LF (forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1)=105.58±12.73% of the predicted). Significant differences were found between groups in height (G1–163.44±8.01; G2–167±8.65; p=0.024), LF (FEV1/ forced vital capacity (FVC); G1–97.58±10.66; G2–94.04±8.04; p=0.049), ISWT distance (G1– 1089.81±214.04; G2–1173.60±191.86; p=0.038); heart rate (HR) at rest (G1– 84.61±13.68; G2–79.23±13.81; p=0.038), HR at the end of the best ISWT (G1– 124.71±37.57; G2–133.54±33.61; p=0.041) and percentage of the maximal HR achieved during ISWT (G1–63.09±19.03; G2–67.53±17.08; p=0.043). Simple logistic regressions showed that height (OR–1.054; 95%CI 1.006-1.104), ISWT distance (OR–1.002; 95%CI 1.000-1.004) and HR at rest (OR–0.971; 95%CI 0.945-0.999) were predictors of being VA. Conclusions: Results suggest that more physically active adolescents have a better CRF profile. The findings suggest that PA is important to adolescents’ health status and it should be encouraged since childhood. Clinical practice will benefit from the use of PAI, ISWT and HR findings, allowing physiotherapists to use it for prescribing exercise.
Introdução: Atualmente, menos de metade dos adolescentes cumpre os níveis diários recomendados de atividade física (AF). Sabe-se que níveis de AF mais elevados implicam melhor condição cardiorrespiratória (CCR) pelo que, um perfil da CCR pode contribuir para identificar a população-alvo para prevenção de doenças cardiovasculares e de promoção da saúde. Assim, o objetivo do estudo foi explorar a relação entre a AF e a CCR em adolescentes saudáveis. Metodologia: Realizou-se um estudo exploratório transversal com adolescentes (12-18 anos). Recolheram-se dados sociodemográficos e antropométricos através de um questionário. A AF foi avaliada com o índice de atividade física (IAF) e as medidas da CCR incluíram a avaliação da função pulmonar (FP) pela espirometria e da tolerância ao exercício pelo teste de marcha com carga progressiva (TMCP). Dividiu-se a amostra em 2 grupos: 1 (sedentários, pouco e moderadamente ativos); 2 (vigorosamente ativos (VA)) de acordo com o IAF. A estatística descritiva permitiu caracterizar a amostra. Foram utilizados testes-t de amostras independentes para verificar diferenças entre grupos e regressões logísticas simples para identificar os preditores de ser VA. Resultados: O estudo incluiu 115 adolescentes (14.63±1.70 anos; 56.52% género feminino) com índice de massa corporal =21.19±3.14 Kg.m-2 e FP (volume expiratório forçado no primeiro segundo (VEMS)=105.58±12.73% do previsto) normais. Houve diferenças significativas entre grupos na altura (G1– 163.44±8.01; G2–167±8.65; p=0.024), FP (VEMS/ capacidade vital forçada (CVF); G1–97.58±10.66; G2–94.04±8.04; p=0.049), distância percorrida no TMCP (G1–1089.81±214.04; G2–1173.60±191.86; p=0.038); frequência cardíaca (FC) basal (G1–84.61±13.68; G2–79.23±13.81; p=0.038), FC após o melhor TMCP (G1–124.71±37.57; G2–133.54±33.61; p=0.041) e percentagem da FC máxima (G1–63.09±19.03; G2–67.53±17.08; p=0.043). A altura (OR– 1.054; 95%IC 1.006-1.104), distância percorrida no TMCP (OR–1.002; 95%IC 1-1.004) e a FC basal (OR–0.971; 95%IC 0.945-0.999) demonstraram ser preditores de ser VA. Conclusões: Os resultados sugerem que adolescentes mais ativos têm melhor CCR e perfil cardiovascular. A AF é um fator importante para o estado de saúde dos adolescentes e deverá ser encorajada desde a infância. Na prática clínica, os fisioterapeutas poderão utilizar os dados da IAF, do TMCP e da FC para prescrever exercício.
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Alves, João Carlos Agostinho. "Avaliação da condição física em cães de polícia." Master's thesis, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/4503.
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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina VeterináriaOs testes de avaliação da condição física têm como objectivo adequar o treino a cada animal, avaliar o seu desempenho bem como a sua evolução. O objectivo do presente trabalho consistiu na avaliação da exequibilidade da utilização de um teste de condição física em passadeira em cães de polícia (n=20), composto por 5 etapas de seis minutos cada, a velocidades crescentes de 9,6; 11,2; 12,8; 14,4 e 16 km/h e a uma inclinação de 10%. O teste terminava quando o animal completasse as cinco etapas ou quanto fosse atingida a exaustão, quer entre etapas quer durante as mesmas. Os valores de lactato sanguíneo da veia marginal da orelha, a frequência cardíaca e a temperatura rectal em 20 canídeos que são utilizados como cão de polícia foram determinados em repouso, após cada uma das etapas e depois de um período de recuperação de 20 minutos. A duração média do exercício foi 19m17s (desvio padrão ± 5m30s), tendo apenas um dos animais completado as cinco etapas, tendo sido possível estabelecer curvas para cada parâmetro, que registaram um crescimento gradual ao longo do teste. No caso do lactato sanguíneo, não foram encontradas diferenças quando comparados estádios consecutivos mas, quando comparados com o instante em repouso (T0), foram encontradas variações significativas em T2 (P<0,05) e T3, T4 e T6 (T<0,001). Quando se considerou a temperatura rectal, a principal variação registada verificou-se entre T0 e T3 (P<0,05). A frequência cardíaca foi o parâmetro com maiores variações, tendo sido determinados aumentos entre T1 e T2 (P<0,05) e entre T1, T4 e T6 (P<0,01), comparativamente às etapas que antecederam esse estadio. Quando comparados com T0, todos os estadios apresentam diferenças significativas (P<0,001). Não se verificou, no entanto, a existência de uma correlação entre os parâmetros avaliados no teste. Neste estudo foi possível testar a avaliação da condição física de cães de polícia, utilizando amostras sanguíneas da veia marginal da orelha e um aparelho portátil de medição de lactato. Verificou-se, inclusivamente, que os valores registados em animais previamente familiarizados com a passadeira foram semelhantes aos que não o foram. Os resultados obtidos abrem caminho a posteriores estudos e fornecem dados passíveis de serem utilizados no treino e avaliação de cães que desempenham este tipo de trabalho.
ABSTRACT - Evaluation of physical fitness in police dogs - Physical fitness tests have the goal to adapt training to each animal, to evaluate its performance and evolution. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of a physical fitness test on police dogs (n=20), using a treadmill, consisting of five steps of six minutes each at increasing speeds of 9,6; 11,2; 12,8; 14,4 e 16 km/h with a slope adjusted to 10%. The test ended when the animal completed the five steps or when exhaustion was reached, either during or between steps. The test ended when the animal completed the five steps or when exhaustion was reached, either between or during stages. The blood lactate from the marginal ear vein, heart rate and rectal temperature of 20 dogs that are used as police dog were measured at rest, after each step and after a recovery period of 20 minutes. The mean duration of exercise was 19m17s (standard deviation ± 5m30s), with only one animal completing all five stages, allowing to establish standard curves for each parameter, which increased gradually throughout the test. In the case of blood lactate, no differences were found when comparing consecutive stages, but when compared to the values at rest (T0), significant variations were found in T2 (P <0.05) and T3, T4 and T6 (T <0.001 .) When the rectal temperature was considered, differences were found between T0 and T3 (P <0.05). Heart rate was the parameter in which the largest variations were determined, between T1 and T2 (P<0.05), and T1, T4 and T6 when compared to the stage immediately before (P<0.01). When compared to T0, all stages showed differences (P <0.001). However, no correlation was found between the parameters evaluated in this test. In this study it was possible to evaluate the physical fitness of police dogs using blood samples from the marginal ear vein and of a lactate portable measuring device. It was also found that the values recorded in animals previously familiarized with the treadmill were similar to those that were not. This work provides data that can be used in training and testing of dogs that perform this kind of work, and can be the basis for further studies.
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Hagnäs, M. (Magnus). "The association of cardiorespiratory fitness, physical activity and ischemic ECG findings with coronary heart disease-related deaths among men." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2018. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526217550.
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Abstract Despite advances in treatment of cardiovascular diseases, coronary heart disease (CHD) remains the most common cause of death in the Western countries; and its first manifestation is often sudden cardiac death (SCD). The development of CHD is a lifelong process, the pace of which is governed by the burden of several risk factors. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of levels of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), exercise-induced myocardial ischemia and physical activity with the risk of CHD-related death, including SCD events among men with different risk factor profiles. This study is based on the population of the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study, which recruited a sample of 2682 men aged 42–60 years. Their CRF was assessed with a maximal exercise test using respiratory gas analysis. Exercise-induced ST segment depression was defined as a ≥1 mm ST segment depression on the electrocardiogram. Anthropometric measurements, blood sample analyzes and questionnaires regarding leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and smoking were performed at baseline. Men with both low CRF and exercise-induced ST segment depression were at higher risk of death from CHD and SCD than men with high CRF without ST segment depressions. Men with low CRF and low LTPA were at higher risk of SCD than men with low CRF and high LTPA. The amount of LTPA did not alter the incidence on SCD among men with high CRF. These findings were adjusted for age, type 2 diabetes and CHD, smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol, and serum C-reactive protein level. These findings emphasize the importance of physical activity and treatment of other modifiable risk factors, especially among the men with low CRFTiivistelmä Sydän- ja verisuonisairauksien ennaltaehkäisystä ja hoidon edistysaskeleista huolimatta sepelvaltimotauti on edelleen kehittyneiden maiden yleisin kuolinsyy, sydänperäisen äkkikuoleman ollessa usein taudin ensimmäinen ilmentymä. Sepelvaltimotaudin syntyminen on pitkäaikainen prosessi, jossa riskitekijät määrittävät suurelta osin taudin etenemisen nopeuden. Tämän tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli selvittää kliinisessä rasituskokeessa todetun aerobisen suorituskyvyn, sydänlihasiskemian sekä fyysisen aktiivisuuden yhteyttä sepelvaltimotautikuolemiin ja sydänperäisiin äkkikuolemiin eri sydän- ja verisuonisairauksien riskitekijäyhdistelmien omaavien miesten keskuudessa. Tämä tutkimus perustuu Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study- aineistoon, johon kuuluu 2682 42–60 vuotiasta miestä. Tutkittavien aerobista suorituskykyä arvioitiin kliinisessä rasituskokeessa mittaamalla hapenkulutus suoraan hengityskaasuista. Sydänlihasiskemian merkkinä pidettiin rasituksen provosoimaa ≥1 mm ST-välin laskua tutkittavien EKG:ssa. Tutkittavilta kartoitettiin alussa antropometriset mittaukset, verikokeet sekä kyselylomakkeilla selvitettiin mm. vapaa-ajan liikunnan määrää ja tupakointia. Miehet, joilla todettiin huono suorituskyky sekä samanaikainen rasituksen aiheuttama sydänlihasiskemia olivat suuremmassa vaarassa menehtyä sepelvaltimotautiin ja sydänperäiseen äkkikuolemaan verrattuna miehiin, joilla todettiin hyvä suorituskyky eikä rasituksen aiheuttamaa sydänlihasiskemiaa. Miehet joilla todettiin huono suorituskyky, mutta harrastivat enemmän liikuntaa vapaa-ajalla, olivat pienemmässä vaarassa sydänperäiseen äkkikuolemaan kuin huonokuntoiset miehet, jotka harrastivat vähemmän liikuntaa vapaa-ajallaan. Vapaa-ajan liikunnan määrä ei muuttanut sydänperäisen äkkikuoleman esiintyvyyttä hyväkuntoisten miesten keskuudessa. Nämä tulokset vakioitiin iän, tyypin 2-diabeteksen, todetun sepelvaltimotaudin, tupakoinnin, alkoholin kulutuksen, painoindeksin, systolisen verenpaineen, seerumin LDL-kolesterolin ja C-reaktiivisen proteiinin suhteen. Nämä löydökset korostavat liikunnan harrastamisen tärkeyttä muiden riskitekijöiden hoidon ohessa, erityisesti lähtötasoltaan huonokuntoisilla miehillä
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Aronsson, Gabriella, and Hampus Ågren. "Self-Assessed Anxiety and Physical Fitness in South African University Students : In collaboration with the Department of Physiotherapy, University of the Western Cape." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Åsenlöf: Fysioterapi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-411565.
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Abstract Background/problem definition: Mental illness, such as anxiety, is a health problem affecting about 10-20% of adolescents worldwide. Studies have found a person’s physical fitness to be associated with their mental health, but most studies have been done in the western world and few have investigated sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. It has also been found that SSA countries’ guidelines regarding physical activity are few and incomplete, although the importance of it is well known. Aim: To investigate to what extent physical fitness: grip strength (GS), 20 meter shuttle run test (20MSRT), body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) correlate to self-assessed anxiety in South African students at the UWC. Methods: The study had a quantitative, cross-sectional and correlational research design with a non-randomized convenience sampling. The physical fitness data were collected through a hydraulic grip strength dynamometer, 20MSRT and by measuring anthropometric measurements in order to calculate BMI and WC. An electronic version of the GAD-7 form was used for self-assessed anxiety. Results: The results showed a significant positive correlation between BMI and levels of anxiety in women, but not in men. The correlation of anxiety related to WC, GS and 20MSRT showed no significance for the whole sample or related to gender, respectively. Conclusion: No significant correlation could be determined between physical fitness and anxiety. Severe anxiety affected 25% of the population, supporting previous research indicating that students are a group prone to anxiety.Sammanfattning Bakgrund: Mental ohälsa, till exempel ångest, är ett hälsorelaterat problem som drabbar cirka 10-20% av ungdomar i världen över. Studier har visat att en persons fysiska kondition (physical fitness) kan kopplas till mental hälsa och välmående, men de flesta studier har gjorts i västvärlden och det råder brist på forskning i länder söder om Sahara. Dessutom har afrikanska länder söder om Sahara få och inkompletta riktlinjer gällande fysisk aktivitet trots att betydelsen av fysisk aktivitet är väl etablerad. Syfte: Att undersöka om och till vilken utsträckning fysisk kondition (innefattande grepp styrka, beep-test, BMI och midjemått) korrelerar med självskattad ångest (GAD-7) hos Sydafrikanska studenter vid University of the Western Cape (UWC). Metod: En kvantitativ tvärsnittsdesign användes och korrelationer studerades. Deltagarna rekryterades genom ett icke randomiserat bekvämlighetsurval. Datan för fysisk kondition och hälsa samlades in genom en greppstyrka-dynamometer, beep-test samt genom antropometriska mätningar för att mäta midjemått och räkna ut BMI. Självskattad ångest samlades in genom en elektronisk version av GAD-7 formuläret. Resultat: Resultaten visade en statistiskt signifikant, positiv korrelation mellan BMI och ångest bland kvinnor. Inga signifikanta korrelationer kunde i övrigt ses i gruppen som helhet eller hos kvinnor respektive män. Konklusion: Ingen signifikant korrelation fastslogs mellan fysisk kondition och ångest. Svår ångest rapporterades av 25% av deltagarna, vilket stödjer tidigare forskning på området som indikerar att studenter är en grupp utsatt för ångest.
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Nataša, Babić. "Efekti svakodnevnog fizičkog vaspitanja na razvoj motoričkih veština i fizičke forme povezane sa zdravljem kod predškolske dece." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Fakultet sporta i fizičkog vaspitanja u Novom Sadu, 2020. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=112351&source=NDLTD&language=en.
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На узорку од 258 испитаника предшколског узраста (5-7 година) спроведено јеистраживање са циљем да се испитају ефекти свакодневног физичког васпитања наразвој моторичких вештина и физичке форме повезане са здрављем. Истраживање јеспроведено у предшколској установи „Вера Гуцуња“ из Сомбора, а узорак је подељен наексперименталну (N=125 - 48.45%) и контролну групу (N=133 - 51.55%). Просечнастарост деце на иницијалном мерењу је била 6.07±0.42 година, при чему је просечанузраст за експерименталне групе 6.05±0.43 година, а за контролне групе 6.10±0.40година. Експериментална група је била укључена у иновативан програм физичкогваспитања који је трајао шест месеци, док је контролна група реализовала стандарднипрограм предвиђен годишњим планом установе.Батерије тестова које су примењене за испитивање ефеката експерименталног програманакон шест месеци вежбања су: КТК тест за процену опште координације тела, ТГМД-2батерија тестова за процену локомоторних и манипулативних вештина и PREFITбатерија тестова за процену физичке форме повезане са здрављем.Након примене шестомесечног програма дошло се до закључка да је експерименталнагрупа знатно побољшала квалитет моторичких вештина, ниво координације и унапредилафизичку форму повезану са здрављем, те да постоји већи напредак у односу наконтролну групу. На основу резултата истраживања може се закључити да јесвакодневно организовано физичко васпитање неопходно за побољшање моторичкогразвоја и унапређење физичке форме повезане са здрављем предшколске деце као важанфактор превенције и лечења прекомерно ухрањене и гојазне деце, а такође и смањењапотенцијалних кардиоваскуларних и метаболичких болести у каснијем животу.Na uzorku od 258 ispitanika predškolskog uzrasta (5-7 godina) sprovedeno jeistraživanje sa ciljem da se ispitaju efekti svakodnevnog fizičkog vaspitanja narazvoj motoričkih veština i fizičke forme povezane sa zdravljem. Istraživanje jesprovedeno u predškolskoj ustanovi „Vera Gucunja“ iz Sombora, a uzorak je podeljen naeksperimentalnu (N=125 - 48.45%) i kontrolnu grupu (N=133 - 51.55%). Prosečnastarost dece na inicijalnom merenju je bila 6.07±0.42 godina, pri čemu je prosečanuzrast za eksperimentalne grupe 6.05±0.43 godina, a za kontrolne grupe 6.10±0.40godina. Eksperimentalna grupa je bila uključena u inovativan program fizičkogvaspitanja koji je trajao šest meseci, dok je kontrolna grupa realizovala standardniprogram predviđen godišnjim planom ustanove.Baterije testova koje su primenjene za ispitivanje efekata eksperimentalnog programanakon šest meseci vežbanja su: KTK test za procenu opšte koordinacije tela, TGMD-2baterija testova za procenu lokomotornih i manipulativnih veština i PREFITbaterija testova za procenu fizičke forme povezane sa zdravljem.Nakon primene šestomesečnog programa došlo se do zaključka da je eksperimentalnagrupa znatno poboljšala kvalitet motoričkih veština, nivo koordinacije i unapredilafizičku formu povezanu sa zdravljem, te da postoji veći napredak u odnosu nakontrolnu grupu. Na osnovu rezultata istraživanja može se zaključiti da jesvakodnevno organizovano fizičko vaspitanje neophodno za poboljšanje motoričkograzvoja i unapređenje fizičke forme povezane sa zdravljem predškolske dece kao važanfaktor prevencije i lečenja prekomerno uhranjene i gojazne dece, a takođe i smanjenjapotencijalnih kardiovaskularnih i metaboličkih bolesti u kasnijem životu.
The current study was conducted to examine the effects of implementation of physicaleducation on daily basis on the development of motor skills and health-related physical fitnessof 258 preschool children (5-7 years old). The study was carried out at the “Vera Gucunja”preschool in Sombor, and the sample was divided into experimental (N = 125 - 48.45%) andcontrol group (N = 133 - 51.55%). The mean age of children at the initial measurement was6.07 ± 0.42 years, with the mean age of the experimental group being 6.05 ± 0.43 years and thecontrol group 6.10 ± 0.40 years. The experimental group was involved in an innovative physicaleducation program, which lasted for six months, while the control group implemented thestandardized program provided in the institution's annual plan.To test the changes that occurred after six months, we used the following test batteries: theKTK Test- Körperkoordinations test für Kinder, the TGMD-2- The Test of Gross MotorDevelopment, and the PREFIT battery tests used for estimation of health-related physical formin children.After applying the 6-months program, we came to the conclusion that the experimental grouphas significantly improved the elements of motor skills, coordination and health-relatedphysical fitness. Based on the results, it can be concluded that this group has achieved greaterimprovement than the control group. The findings also suggest that daily organized physicaleducation is necessary for improving motor development and physical fitness associated withhealth of young children. Exercising daily is an important factor in prevention and treatment ofoverweight and obese children, as well as in reducing potential cardiovascular and metabolicdiseases in later life.
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Olsson, Sven Johan Gustav. "Studies of physical activity in the Swedish population." Doctoral thesis, Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Björn Ekbloms och Mats Börjessons forskningsgrupp, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:gih:diva-4309.
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Background: Cheap and effective tools for measuring patients’ physical activity (PA) level are needed. The first aim in this thesis was therefore to assess the validity of two PA -questions, and their three associated answer modes, that are used within the Swedish health care system. Sitting, light intensity PA (LIPA), and moderate and vigorous intensity PA (MVPA), are associated with health and longevity, but detailed population data assessed with objective methods is needed. The second aim was thus to assess the above with motion sensor technology, in a middle-aged Swedish sample. Low self-perceived health is a strong predictor of morbidity and mortality, but this association may vary over time with changes in the society and our lifestyle. The third aim was to assess secular trends in the interrelations between self-perceived health, physical fitness, and selected covariates. The effects of PA on prescription (PAP) on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in overweight adults are unclear, thus the fourth aim was to explore this. Methods: All data was collected in the Swedish population. Data from the PA -questions and accelerometers, aerobic fitness, counter movement jump, and balance tests, blood samples, and self-rated general health were collected in 365 participants, 21–66 yrs. The PA pattern was assessed in 948 individuals, 50‒64 yrs, from the SCAPIS pilot study. Self-perceived physical health, and measured aerobic fitness, counter movement jump height, and balance, and demographic and lifestyle data, was assessed in three independent samples from 1990, 2000 and 2013, including 3564 adults, 20‒65 yrs. The effects of Swedish PAP on HRQoL was assessed in a randomized controlled trial including 101 men and women, 67‒68 yrs, that were inactive, overweight (BMI>25 kg/m2), and had a waist circumference ≥102 cm (men) or ≥88 cm (women), who were randomized to an intervention group or a control group. The 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) was used to assess HRQoL. Results: The multiple choice answer mode of the two PA -questions was found to have the strongest validity, compared with the two other (an open mode, and one where PA minutes is specified per weekday). The validity is in line with many other established PA-questionnaires, but the open mode has limitations. The assessment of PA pattern showed that 61% of motion sensor wear time represented sitting, 35% LIPA, and 4% MVPA. Only 7% of the sample met the PA recommendations. The odds for describing perceived health as good was found to increase by 5% per each increment of 1 ml/kg/min in VO2max. This was stable across genders and all three LIV-samples (i.e. over time). Waist circumference, chronic disease, sleep problems, and level of satisfaction with one’s life, were also important correlates. The Swedish PAP group improved significantly more, and more participants displayed clinically relevant improvements (OR 2.43), in mental aspects of HRQoL, compared to the controls. Physical aspects of HRQoL improved in the PAP group, but not in the control group. Conclusions: The multiple choice answer mode has the strongest validity and Open mode the weakest. The PA -questions may be used in populations, or in individuals to determine appropriateness for treatment. The questions’ advantages and limitations must be considered and further reliability and validity studies are needed. The results regarding sitting, LIPA, MVPA and fulfillment of PA recommendations, are of high clinical relevance. A great challenge remains to further implement methods to increase the level of PA in the Swedish population. Physical fitness is related to self-perceived health independently of changes in society and lifestyle over time, and simple questions may be useful for the clinical assessment of physical fitness. Swedish PAP has a positive effect on mental aspects of HRQoL, measured by the SF-36. This finding supports the clinical use of the Swedish PAP model.LIV 2013
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Silva, Paulo Roberto dos Santos. "Limiar ventilatório dois (LV2) e o consumo máximo de oxigênio (VO2max) como preditores de tolerância ao esforço em jogadores de futebol." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5140/tde-08122009-175424/.
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O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a relação entre o limiar ventilatório dois (LV2) e o consumo máximo de oxigênio (VO2max) como preditores de tolerância ao esforço em jogadores de futebol. O LV2 e o VO2max foram medidos a um terço de encerramento da temporada. Uma amostra de sessenta atletas futebolistas do sexo masculino, distribuídos nas seguintes posições: (14 zagueiros [23%], 14 laterais [23%], 19 meio campistas [32%] e 13 atacantes [22%]) menos os goleiros. A média de idade era de 20,8 ± 2,8 anos; massa corpórea de 71,9 ± 7,6 kg e estatura de 178 ± 6,5 cm foram avaliadas num estudo transversal. Todos eram assintomáticos, não fumantes, não faziam uso de qualquer medicamento e eram livres de qualquer tipo de distúrbio neuromuscular, cardiovascular, respiratório e circulatório. A média de treinamento no período competitivo consistiu de 10 horas semanais. Todos os jogadores eram de clubes profissionais da primeira divisão do Estado de São Paulo e estavam registrados na Federação Paulista de Futebol.Todos foram submetidos à avaliação cardiorrespiratória e metabólica, utilizando-se analisador metabólico de gases (CPX/D, MedGraphics, EUA) acoplado a eletrocardiógrafo (Max Personal, Marquette, EUA), ambos os sistemas computadorizados. A determinação da capacidade física máxima foi verificada em esteira rolante (Inbramed, ATL10200, BRA) utilizando-se protocolo escalonado contínuo (1 km.h-1 a cada dois minutos) e inclinação fixa de 3%. Os seguintes resultados verificados e os parâmetros utilizados foram: VO2max = 58,8 ± 4,48 mL.kg-1.min-1; VO2LV2 = 49,6 ± 4,96 mL.kg-1.min-1; TTMAX = 1073 ± 124,5s; TTLV2 = 713 ± 106,0s. Análise de regressão linear demonstrou correlação positiva entre o TTMAX vs. VO2max (r = 0,473;p<0,001); VO2LV2 vs. VO2max (r = 0,691; p<0,001); TTLV2 vs. VO2max (r = 0,545; p <0,001); TTMAX vs. TTLV2 (r = 0,560; p < 0,001) e entre TTLV2 vs. VO2LV2 (r = 0,610; p< 0,001). Concluindo, a potência aeróbia máxima associada ao aumento do consumo de oxigênio no LV2, são preditores de uma maior capacitação aeróbia em jogadores de futebol. O melhor parâmetro preditor de tolerância ao exercício em todas as posições foi à relação VO2LV2 vs. VO2max.The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the ventilatory threshold two (VT2) and maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) as predictors of exercise tolerance in soccer players. VT2 and VO2max were measured when one-third of the soccer season still remained. A sample of sixty male soccer players, distributed in the following position: (14 central-defenders [23%], 14 fullbacks [23%], 19 midfielders [32%] and 13 forwards [22%]) less the goalkeepers, were evaluated a cross-sectional study. The mean age was 20.8 ± 2.7 years, body mass: 71.9 ± 7.62 kg and height: 178.1 ± 6.5 cm. All were asymptomatic, non-smokers, they did not use any medication and were free from any kind of neuromuscular disorder, cardiovascular, respiratory and circulatory. In the competitive season, the average training week consisted of 10 hours practice and games. All the players were professional clubs of the first division of the State of Sao Paulo and were registered in the Paulista Football Federation. All of them underwent a cardiopulmonary and metabolic exercise test evaluation. To this end we used a gas explorer (CPX/D, breathbybreath Medgraphics, Saint Paul, MN, USA) coupled to an electrocardiograph (Max Personal, Exercise Testing System, Marquette, USA). Both systems were computerized. The maximum exercise test was performed on a motor-driven treadmill (Inbramed, ATL-10200, Porto Alegre, BRA), using the incremental continuous exercise protocol. The athletes started the race with 8 km.h-1 and increased speed of 1 km.h-1 every two minutes with fixed slope at 3%. In all tests there was verbal encouragement. The results verified and the parameters used were: VO2max = 58.8 ± 4.48 mL.kg-1.min-1; VO2VT2 = 49.6 ± 4.96 mL.kg-1.min-1; MAXTT = 1073 ± 124.5s; TTVT2 = 713 ± 106s. Linear regression analysis in male soccer players showed positive correlation between the VO2max vs. MAXTT to exercise (R = 0.473; p < 0.001); VO2VT2 vs. VO2max (R = 0.691; p < 0.001); TTVT2 vs. VO2max (R = 0.545; p < 0.001); MAXTT vs. TTVT2 (R=0.560; p < 0.01) and between TTVT2 vs. VO2VT2 (R=0.610; p < 0.001). The results allowed us to infer that the attainment of maximum aerobic power together with increased of VO2VT2 are predictors of a higher aerobic capacity in soccer players. The best predictive parameter of exercise tolerance in all positions was the relationship VO2VT2 vs. VO2max.
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Quinart, Sylvain. "Validation d'outils adaptés pour l'évaluation de l'endurance cardiorespiratoire chez l'adolescent obèse." Thesis, Besançon, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BESA0005/document.
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L'obésité pédiatrique et ses pathologies associées sont devenues un problème majeur de santé publique. La reprise des activités physiques quotidiennes et de loisirs, préconisée dans les recommandations internationales, est souvent complexe chez le jeune obèse en raison d'une image de soi dévalorisée, de difficultés d'intégration et d'une faible condition physique. L'excès pondéral, associé à la sédentarité, altère progressivement l'endurance cardiorespiratoire à l'exercice, freinant le retour à une pratique physique régulière et contribuant à la non-observance des prescriptions en activité physique. Pour répondre à un besoin croissant des professionnels de l'activité physique impliqués dans la prise en charge de ces jeunes, l'objectif de ce travail de thèse a été de valider des outils cliniques explorant l'endurance cardiorespiratoire chez l'adolescent obèse :Un test de marche/course de 12 minutes, un test de marche navette adapté sur 20 mètres (4km.h^ incrémenté de 0,5 km.HAmin-1) et un test sous-maximal sur ergocycle en 4 paliers ontpermis de déterminer des indices d'endurance cardiorespiratoire (D12, Vmax, PMA).L'analyse fréquentielle en temps variant de la variabilité de la fréquence cardiaque a permisd'estimer des intensités d'exercice sous-maximales proches des seuils ventilatoires.Le "Childhood Obesity Perceived Exertion Scale" (COPE-10) a permis de quantifier l'intensitéde l'exercice perçue au cours de l'effort.Ces outils non-invasifs et peu coûteux, utiles à l'évaluation initiale et au suivi de la condition physique du jeune obèse, peuvent être facilement utilisés pour concevoir et individualiser des programmes de réentraînement adaptés à ces jeunesPédiatrie obesity and its associated diseases hâve become a major public health challenge. However, thé return to daily physical and leisure activities, recommended by most international guidelines, can be difficult for obèse youths, due to low self-esteem, difficulties in integrating groups and poor physical fitness. Overweight combined with sedentarity progressively modify cardio-respiratory exercise tolérance, rendering difficult thé return to exercise and contributing to non-compliance with prescriptions for physical activity. To meet thé growing needs of professionals in thé field of physical activity responsible for thé management of thèse subjects, thé main objective of this doctoral thesis was to validate clinical tools exploring cardiorespiratory capacity in obèse adolescent.A 12 minute walk/run test, an adapted 20m shuttle walk test (starting speed 4 km.b.-1,incréments : 0.5 km.h-1.miir1) and a submaximal exercise test by cycle ergometer with 4 stageswere proposed to calculate indices of cardiorespiratory fitness (D12, Vmax, PMA).Time-varying spectral analysis of heart rate variability was studied to estimate intensitiessubmaximal exercise near ventilatory thresholds.-The "Childhood Obesity Perceived Exertion Scale" (COPE-10) was used to quantify thé intensity of exercise as perceived by thé subjects during exercise.Thèse non-invasive tools, inexpensive, useful in thé évaluation and follow-up of cardiorespiratory fitness in obèse adolescents, can easily be used to develop and personalise adapted re-training programmes in thèse overweight teenagers
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Salameh, Ahlam. "Graded Exercise Stress Testing: Treadmill Protocols Comparison Of Peak Exercise Times In Cardiac Patients." Akron, OH : University of Akron, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=akron1249833172.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Akron, Dept. of Sport Science and Wellness Education-Physical Education, 2009."August, 2009." Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed 10/7/2009) Advisor, Ronald Otterstetter; Committee members, James Rosneck, Laura Richardson; Department Chair, Victor Pinheiro; Dean of the College, Mark D. Shermis; Dean of the Graduate School, George R. Newkome. Includes bibliographical references.
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Martinsson, Emilia. "Skillnader i fysisk prestation inomhus och utomhus : En randomiserad kontrollerad experimentell cross-over studie." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för idrottsvetenskap (ID), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-84207.
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Bakgrund: Träning i naturliga miljöer har hälsofrämjande effekter och ökar välbefinnandet i jämförelse med träning som sker i inomhusmiljöer. Individer som utför träning i utomhusmiljöer visar sig ha högre hastighet, hjärtfrekvens och blodlaktatkoncentration, i jämförelse med individer som tränar inomhus vilket påverkar den fysiska prestationen.Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka mätbara skillnader i fysisk prestation inomhus och utomhus genom ett maxpulstest.Metod: Studien genomfördes med en randomiserad kontrollerad cross- over design där åtta män och fem kvinnor (medelålder 26 ± 3.67), fysiskt aktiva, genomförde ett beeptest vid två tillfällen. Testet utfördes av samma person vid ett tillfälle inomhus och ett tillfälle utomhus. Analysen utgick från uppskattat VO2 max genom protokoll av beeptest, objektiv mätning och kontroll av puls direkt före tester och direkt efter genomförda tester.Resultat: Resultaten visade en signifikant skillnad i VO2 max (O2ml/kg/min) (p= 0.047), genom en högre fysisk prestation inomhus i jämförelse med utomhus (46.08 ± 8.76 och 44.73 ± 8.84). Puls (slag/min) efter genomförda tester visade ett högre medelvärde inomhus i jämförelse med utomhus (192.36 ± 10.13 och 190.45 ± 9.11), men ingen signifikant skillnad (p=0.11). Puls före tester visade ingen signifikant skillnad (p=0.898) mellan inomhusmiljön och utomhusmiljön (107.16 ± 18.78 och 107. 75 ± 18.49).Slutsats: Resultaten indikerar på att det är skillnader i fysisk prestation i olika miljöer. VO2 max var signifikant högre i inomhusmiljön i jämförelse med utomhusmiljön. Medel-maxpulsen tenderade ha ett högre medelvärde inomhus i jämförelse med utomhus.Background: Exercise performed in natural environments produces health-promoting effects and increases well-being, in comparison with exercises performed in indoors-environments. Individuals who exercise outdoors has higher velocity, heartrate and blood lactate concentration compared to individuals who exercise indoors, which affects the physical performance.Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate measurable differences in physical performance indoors and outdoors through a maximum heartrate test.Method: The study was conducted with a randomized controlled cross over design where five women and eight men, physical active, in the middle age of 26 ± 3.67 years, performed a shuttle run test at two times. The test was repeated by the same individual one time indoors and one time outdoors. The analysis was made by estimated VO2 max using a protocol from the performed shuttle run test, and controlled objective measurements of pulse levels, directly before the test started and directly after finished test.Results: Significant differences were found between indoors and outdoors, where VO2 max (O2ml/lbs/min) (p= 0.047) was higher indoors than outdoors (46.08 ± 8.76 and 44.73 ± 8.84). Pulse levels (beats/min) was higher indoors than outdoors (192.36 ± 10.13 and 190.45 ± 9.11) after finished test, but significant differences were not found (p=0.11). Significant differences were not found in pulse levels before the test (p=0.898), between the different environments (107.16 ± 18.78 and 107. 75 ± 18.49).Conclusion: The results in this study show that there are differences in physical performance between different environments. VO2 max was significantly higher in the indoor environment compared to the outdoor environment. The average maximum pulse tended to have a higher average indoors compared to outdoors.
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Santos, Iracema Sousa Athayde Schneider. "Efeito do exercício aeróbio moderado em gestantes com sobrepeso avaliado através de teste de exercício submáximo : um ensaio clínico randomizado." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/1786.
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Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos de um programa de exercício aeróbio sobre o condicionamento cardiorrespiratório em gestantes hígidas, de baixo risco, com sobrepeso. Métodos: 92 mulheres gestantes com sobrepeso (índice de massa corporal 26-31kg/m2), idade ≥ 20 anos, idade gestacional ≤ 20 semanas, com ausência de diabetes e hipertensão, foram alocadas aleatoriamente para realizar exercício aeróbio três vezes por semana com uma hora de duração ou para realizar sessões de relaxamento no grupo controle. Foram realizados dois testes de exercício submáximo em esteira, utilizando protocolo de rampa na entrada do estudo e outro teste após 12 semanas. Resultados: Em teste de exercício submáximo 12 semanas após randomização, o consumo de oxigênio (VO2) no limiar anaeróbio aumentou 17% (± 3) no grupo intervenção enquanto reduziu 16% (± 3) no grupo controle, de modo que após 12 semanas de exercício ajustado através da análise de covariância pelo o VO2 no limiar na linha de base, idade gestacional e idade materna foi de 2,68ml/kg/min (IC 95% 1,32-4,03) maior, P = 0,002. Conclusão: Exercício aeróbio realizado em gestantes com sobrepeso produz um aumento no limiar anaeróbio, sobrepondo os efeitos negativos da gestação sobre o condicionamento cardiorrespiratório em mulheres com estilo de vida sedentário.Objective: To evaluate the effects of aerobic training on functional capacity, in overweight pregnant women. Methods: Ninety-two pre-obese (body mass index 26-31kg/m2), otherwise healthy pregnant women ≥ 20 years of age, with gestational age ≤ 20 weeks and without diabetes or hypertension were randomized either to undergo 3 aerobic exercise sessions of one hour duration per week, or to control group with relaxation sessions. Results: In exercise test evaluation 12 weeks after randomization, oxygen consumption at the anaerobic threshold increased 17% (± 3) in the intervention group, while decreasing 16% (± 3) among controls, such that with approximately 12 weeks of intervention consumption at the anaerobic threshold adjusted through analysis of covariance for consumption at baseline and gestational age was 2,68 ml/kg/min (IC 95% 1,55-4,14) greater, P = 0,002. Conclusion: Aerobic training in overweight pregnant women provides an effective increase in aerobic metabolic capacity, overcoming the otherwise negative effects of gestation on this capacity within the context of a basically sedentary lifestyle.
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Åberg, John. "Bryta målchansen tidigt : Fysiska tester skapade för målvakter." Thesis, Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:gih:diva-5864.
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Syfte och frågeställningar Studiens syfte är att undersöka relationen mellan ungdomsmålvakters resultat i vanligt förekommande standardtester som är avsedda att mäta fysisk kapacitet och deras prestation i matchlika aktioner. Syftet är också att undersöka om resultaten skiljer sig mellan målvakter i två olika ålderskategorier. Frågeställningar: Vad är korrelation mellan resultat i standardtester och matchlika aktioner? Skiljer sig resultaten mellan ungdomsmålvakter på U17 och U19 nivå? Metod För att svara på studiens frågeställningar skapades ett testbatteri innehållande fysiska tester designade för fotbollsmålvakter, utifrån deras rörelsemönster och aktioner (verklighetsnära tester), som jämförs med tester som används av dagens fotbollsklubbar (standardtester). Med hjälp av aktuellt forskningsläge tillsammans med information som mottagits från tränare och målvakter, utfördes 6 tester, på 15 målvakter, som registrerades med mätinstrument och höghastighetskameror. Resultatet analyserades med dubbelsidig t-test för att finna en statistisk signifikans mellan två åldersgrupper och Spearmans test för att finna en korrelation mellan standard- och verklighetsnära testerna. Resultat Resultatet från t-testet visade ingen signifikant skillnad mellan U17:s och U19:s målvakter på samtliga tester (p> 0,05). Spearmans test visade ingen statistiskt signifikant korrelation mellan testerna. Slutsats Både standard- och verklighetsnära testerna har sina fördelar men är syftet att utvärdera målvaktens fysiska kapacitet i matchlika situationer genom tester, bör dessa vara utformade utifrån målvaktens agerande under match. Enligt resultaten från denna studie visar detta att man inte enbart kan använda standardtester utan dessa bör kompletteras med tester specifikt utformade för måvakter.Aim The aim of the study is to investigate the relationship between youth goalkeepers' results in commonly used standard tests that are intended to measure physical capacity and their performance in match-like actions. The purpose is also to investigate whether the results differ between goalkeepers in two different age categories. Research questions: What is the correlation between results in standard tests and match-like actions? Do the results differ between youth goalkeepers at U17 and U19 level? Method To answer the study's questions, a test battery was created containing physical tests designed for football goalkeepers based on their movement patterns and actions (match-like actions) compared to tests used by today's football clubs (standard tests). With the help of research, together with information we received from coaches and goalkeepers, 6 tests were designed and performed, on 15 goalkeepers, which were recorded with measuring instruments and high-speed cameras. The results were analyzed with two tailed t-test to find a statistical significance between the two age groups and Spearman's test to find a correlation between the standard and realistic tests. Results The results of the t-test show no significant difference between the U17 and U19 goalkeepers on all tests (p> 0.05). Spearman's test shows that there was no statistic significant correlation between the tests. Conclusions Both standard and realistic tests have their advantages, but if the purpose is to evaluate the goalkeeper's physical capacity in match-like actions through tests, should these be designed based on the goalkeeper's actions during the match. According to the results of this study, this shows that you should not just use standard tests, but these should be supplemented with tests specifically designed for goalkeepers.
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Prado, Danilo Marcelo Leite do. "Efeito de um programa de treinamento físico aeróbio supervisionado em crianças com lúpus eritematoso sistêmico juvenil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5164/tde-12022014-143034/.
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INTRODUÇÃO: O treinamento físico é considerado como um importante recurso terapêutico no que concerne a melhora da disfunção física observada em adultos com lúpus eritematoso sistêmico. Entretanto, até o momento não há estudos longitudinais que avaliaram os possíveis efeitos terapêuticos de um programa de treinamento físico em crianças e adolescentes com lúpus eritematoso sistêmico juvenil (LES-J). OBJETIVO avaliar a segurança e a eficácia de um de um programa de treinamento físico aeróbio supervisionado de 12 semanas no aumento da capacidade cardiorrespiratória em pacientes com LES-J. MÉTODOS: Dezenove crianças e adolescentes com LES-J foram aleatoriamente randomizadas em dois grupos: treinamento físico aeróbio (LESJ TF, n=10; 12,9 + 2,3 anos) e grupo controle (LES-J C, n=9; 13,0 + 1,8 anos). Dez crianças saudáveis (CS) pareadas por idade e peso corporal foram recrutadas como controle. As crianças foram submetidas a um teste de esforço cardiorrespiratório máximo em esteira ergométrica antes e após 12 semanas de intervenção para determinação do consumo de oxigênio de pico (VO2pico), reserva cronotrópica (RC) e a frequência cardíaca de recuperação no primeiro (deltaFCR1) e segundo minuto (deltaFCR2) após exercício. RESULTADOS: Os pacientes com LES-J que não realizaram treinamento físico aeróbio não apresentaram alteração em qualquer dos parâmetros cardiorrespiratórios analisados (p > 0,05). Por outro lado, os pacientes com LES-J que foram submetidos ao programa de treinamento físico aeróbio demonstraram um aumento significativo no tempo de exercício (p = 0,01; TE = 1,07), na velocidade de pico (p = 0,01; TE = 1,08), no VO2 pico (p = 0,04; TE = 0,86), na RC (p = 0,06; TE = 0,83), e na deltaFCR1 e deltaFCR2 (p = 0,003; TE = 1,29 e p = 0,0008; TE = 1,36, respectivamente). Além disso, os parâmetros cardiorrespiratórios foram comparáveis após o período de intervenção entre os pacientes com LES-J submetidos ao treinamento físico aeróbio e os CS, tal como evidenciado pela análise ANOVA (p > 0,05, LES-J TF vs CS). O índice de atividade da doença SLEDAI-2K manteve-se estável ao longo do estudo. CONCLUSÃO: Este estudo demonstrou pela primeira vez que um programa de treinamento físico aeróbio de intensidade moderada sob supervisão pode ser seguro e eficaz no aumento da capacidade cardiorrespiratória e do controle autonômico cardíaco em pacientes com LES-JINTRODUCTION: Exercise training has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy to counteract physical dysfunction in adult systemic lupus erythematosus. However, no longitudinal studies have evaluated the effects of an exercise training program in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (C-SLE) patients. PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and the efficacy of a supervised aerobic training program in improving the cardiorespiratory capacity in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (C-SLE) patients. METHODS: Nineteen physically inactive C-SLE patients were randomly assigned into two groups: trained (TR, n=10, supervised moderate-intensity aerobic exercise program) and non-trained (NT, n=9). Gender-, BMI- and age-matched healthy children were recruited as controls (C, n=10) for baseline (PRE) measurements only. C-SLE patients were assessed at PRE and after 12 weeks of training (POST). Main measurements included exercise tolerance and cardiorespiratory measurements in response to a maximal exercise (i.e.: peak VO2, chronotropic reserve [CR], and the heart rate recovery [deltaHRR] (i.e. the difference between HR at peak exercise and at both the first [deltaHRR1] and second [deltaHRR2] minutes of recovery after exercise). RESULTS: The C-SLE NT patients did not present changes in any of the cardiorespiratory parameters at POST (p > 0.05). In contrast, the exercise training program was effective in promoting significant increases in time-to-exhaustion (p=0.01; ES=1.07), peak speed (p=0.01; ES=1.08), peak VO2 (p=0.04; ES=0.86), CR (p=0.06; ES=0.83), and in deltaHRR1 and delta HRR2 (p=0.003; ES=1.29 and p=0.0008; ES=1.36, respectively) in the CSLE TR when compared with the NT group. Moreover, cardiorespiratory parameters were comparable between C-SLE TR patients and C subjects after the exercise training intervention, as evidenced by the ANOVA analysis (p > 0.05, TR vs. C). SLEDAI-2K scores remained stable throughout the study. CONCLUSION: A 3-month aerobic exercise training was safe and capable of ameliorating the cardiorespiratory capacity and the autonomic function in C-SLE patients
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Aasa, Ulrika. "Ambulance Work : Relationships between occupational demands, individual characteristics and health-related outcomes." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Umeå universitet, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-478.
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Jeng, Bai-Cheng, and 鄭百成. "A New Scale Model of Physical Fitness Test." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/72787594556990336562.
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碩士臺中師範學院
教育測驗統計研究所
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A New Scale Model of Physical Fitness Test Bai-Cheng Jeng Abstract In this study, we tried to establish physical fitness scale by physical fitness translation form among the four test reports, which are 800 m run-walk, sit up-flexed leg, standing broad jump, and sit-and-reach test. Through nonparametric Item Response Theory (IRT) model, which explores latent physical fitness traits, a new scale is formed. By the new scale, we plot Item Characteristic Curve (ICC) of physical fitness test in order to be helpful to analyze physical fitness test reports and to supply physical fitness teaching. We take 2907 students as our sample from Ho-Ping Elementary School in Southern Area of Taichung City. Our main findings are the followings: 1. By Excel 2000 software, establishing physical fitness grades is easy and workable. 2. Analyzing after grading supplies more useful information than valuing the original test reports. 3. Through physical fitness ICC, we realize the learning obstacles of the students of different ability levels. 4. By the variation of the students'' ability, we see if the students make progress or not and then group students. From the above findings, the new scale model of physical fitness in this study is scientific, simplified, indexed, and numerate. Keywords: Physical fitness Biserial correlation discrimination Fisher’s z transformation Threshold Bandwidth parameter Physical fitness ICC
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Su, Meng-Ling, and 蘇孟伶. "Composing a Physical Fitness Test Diagnosis and Feedback System." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/35q77h.
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碩士國立屏東科技大學
休閒運動健康系所
106
Motivation: Exercise can promote individual’s health status and prevent dis-eases as well. Doing the standardized physical fitness testing can set up per-sonal fitness database, which is the reference data to work out individual healthy promotion program. Physical fitness tests and appropriate exercise advices not only reduce the waste of medical cost but also maintain people’s physical health, and even their quality of life. Objective: The main purpose of this study was to compose the Assessment Form of Physical Fitness, and also to process an exercise-advice automatically based on the results of his/her Health Related Physical Fitness Test. Methods: This study integrates Microsoft Excel for the Assessment Form of Physical Fitness. The more important is to formu-late an appropriate personal exercise advice to those who taken the Health Re-lated Physical Fitness Test. Results: There are five testing items in Health Re-lated Physical Fitness Test, including Body Mass Index(BMI), Waist-Hip Ra-tio(WHR), flexibility, muscle strength and cardiovascular endurance. Besides the five measurement and charts, this assessment form offers the tested people who need to strengthen their weakness the appropriate personal exercise advice. Suggestions: The exercise advice is appropriate for most healthy adults. It supposed to make the tested people who take the exercise advice keep more exercising motivation by three different types of exercise, such as aerobic, flexibility and resistance exercise.