Academic literature on the topic 'Broiler feeds'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Broiler feeds.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Broiler feeds"
1
Fafiolu, A. O., and J. O. Alabi. "Diet matrix of stored proprietary feeds: Implications on growth response, health status and carcass yield of broiler chickens." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 47, no. 4 (December 17, 2020): 139–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v47i4.82.
Full textAbstract:
This study examined growth responses, health status and carcass yield of broiler chickens from 22 to 42 days of age provided with proprietary finished feeds (4 brands; P, Q, R & S) exposed to two storage conditions (lit or dark room) for four weeks. Four hundred and eighty chicks (802.7±14.3 g), at 21-day-old, were randomly allocated to eight groups of 60 chicks each (6 replicates; 10 birds each). Broiler chickens were fed one of the eight resultant diets from storage exercise for 21 d. Results revealed that performance of finishing broiler chickens were influenced by both the main and interaction effects of feed brands and storage condition. Chickens fed feeds stored in dark room gained 5.39% heavier weight with better FCR (5.07%) and higher (P<0.001) crude fat (2.97%), protein (2.36%), fibre (2.43%) and ash (3.89%) digestibilities compared to birds fed feeds stored in lit room. Chickens fed with feed R had higher (P<0.05) PCV, RBC, total protein, albumin, and uric acid. Duodenal and ileal villus height (VH) and villus to crypt ratio (VCR) were higher in broilers fed feed R stored in dark room, whereas jejunal VH and VCR were higher in birds fed feed Q stored in dark room. Salmonella and lactobacillus counts were greater in birds fed feeds R and S stored in lit room, respectively. Higher (P=0.008) dressed yield was obtained in broilers fed feed S stored in lit room. The study revealed that exposure of similar or different finished feeds to varying storage conditions would impart broiler's performance differently.
2
Kuzniacka, Joanna, Marek Adamski, Rafal Czarnecki, and Miroslaw Banaszak. "Results of Rearing Broiler Chickens Under Various Systems." Journal of Agricultural Science 6, no. 4 (March 15, 2014): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v6n4p19.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of the study was comparison of the results of rearing broilers kept under intensive and semi-intensive systems, fed with complete feeds with an addition of various proportions of wheat grain. The study was carried out on 100 broilers, HUBBARD – FLEX, of both sexes. The birds were reared up to 42 days of age in an intensive system (group I), as well as in a semi-intensive system (group II). In the 5th week of rearing, in the nutrition of group II, 30% of complete feed was replaced with wheat grain, increasing its proportion in the dose up to 50% in the last week of rearing. System of keeping broilers did not affect significantly their bodyweight at the end of rearing, as well as their meat yield and muscle content in carcasses. Chicken fed with complete feeds, kept under an intensive system were distinguished by higher fattiness expressed as an abdominal fat weight, as well as by lower average intake of feed mixtures per individual broiler.
3
Islam, MT, MK Hossain, ATMM Elahi, M. Purkayastha, and MM Rahman. "Isolation and identification of common fungal spp. from commercial broiler feeds available in market of Sylhet District, Bangladesh." International Journal of Natural Sciences 4, no. 2 (July 31, 2016): 38–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijns.v4i2.28603.
Full textAbstract:
The present study was designed to investigate the mycological contamination of commercial broiler feeds used in poultry establishments in sylhet, Bangladesh. The feed samples of commercial broiler feed (Starter, Grower and Finisher) were collected from the different areas of Sylhet district. A total of 189 commercial broiler feed samples where 63 Starter, 63 Grower and 63 Finisher were collected from the different areas of local market in Sylhet. The selected areas were Kadamtali, Shibjong, Khadim, Kamal Bazar, Dakshin Surma, Fenchugonj. From the feed samples analyzed for the presence of fungal agents, 144 (76.2%) were found positive for one or more fungal species. Fungal isolates were found among 36 (57%) of the 63 Starter feed samples, 45 (71.4%) of the 63 Grower feed samples and 63 (100%) of the 63 Finisher feed samples. The fungal agents isolated from Broiler Starter Feeds, Aspergillus spp. 51 (70.8%) has the highest frequency of occurrence, followed by Fuserium spp. 12 (16.7%) and least is Rhizopus sp. 9(12.5%). Similarly, in case of Broiler Grower Feeds, Aspergillus spp. 66 (68.8%) has the highest frequency of occurrence, followed by Fuserium spp. 18 (18.7%) and least is Rhizopus sp. 12(12.5%). In case of Broiler Finisher Feeds, Aspergillus spp. 90 (69.8%) has the highest rate of occurrence followed by Fuserium spp. 24 (18.6%) and least is Rhizopus sp. 15 (11.6%) respectively.International Journal of Natural Sciences (2014), 4(2) 38-41
4
Mahfudz, Luthfi D. "Ampas Tahu Fermentasi Sebagai Bahan Pakan Ayam Pedaging." Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 21, no. 1 (April 21, 2018): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/carakatani.v21i1.20578.
Full textAbstract:
Research about the use of tofu by product as feeds in broiler have been done used 60 broiler, Arbor Acres strain 1 week age which 120,08 ± 15,58 g of body weight. Tofu by product as one of component in feeds, fermented by yeast contain <em>Rhyzopus Oligosporus </em>and <em>R. Oryzae.</em> Feeds compiled with isoprotein and iso energy. In first period, protein content in feeds are 22% and 2.900 kkal/kg of metabolic energy, while in last period protein content are 20% and 3.000 kkal/kg of metabolic energy. Treatment in this research defined as the level of fermented tofu by product in feeds. The treatment are T0, T1, T2 and T3 that containing 0%, 10%, 15% and 20% of fermented tofu by product. Parameter observed are feeds consumption, daily gain, feed coversion ratio, final weight and carcas percentage. Result from this research showed that feed consumption, daily gain, final weight and carcas percentage are increase significantly in line with the increasing of fermented tofu by product level, but carcas percentage was not significant. Meanwhile feed convertion significantly better in feeds contain fermented tofu by product. Conclusion taken from this research are fermented tofu by product increasing feeds quality and promoting growth of broiler.
5
Sinurat, Arnold Parlindungan, Tiurma Pasaribu, Tresnawati Purwadaria, Tuti Haryati, Elizabeth Wina, and Tri Wardhani. "Biological Evaluation of Some Plant Bioactives as Feed Additives to Replace Antibiotic Growth Promoters in Broiler Feeds." Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner 25, no. 2 (June 10, 2020): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.14334/jitv.v25i2.2501.
Full textAbstract:
Antibiotics (AGP) have been used as feed additives to promote growth and feed efficiency in poultry production. However, many countries include Indonesia now ban the use of AGP and attempts are made to replace the antibiotic to maintain good performances of broilers. Plant bioactives is one of the alternatives that could replace the AGP. An experiment was conducted in an attempt to replace the AGP in broiler feed with a mixture of some plant bioactives<strong> </strong>(liquid smoke of cashew nutshell, <em>Phyllanthus niruri,</em> and clove leaves). Eight (8) dietary treatments were formulated to have similar nutrients consist of negative control (NC), positive control (NC+AGP), diets supplemented with liquid plant bioactives in 3 levels and diets supplemented with powder plant bioactives in 3 levels. Each diet was fed to 6 replications of 10 birds each from 1 to 35 days old. The performances and the immune response of the broilers due to the treatments were observed. Results showed that the powder plant bioactives could not improve the performance of broilers. None of the feed additives (AGP or plant bioactives) affect the immune systems of the broilers. However, liquid plant bioactives in low dose improved the performance of broilers better than the AGP and therefore is suitable to replace the antibiotic as feed additives in broiler diet.
6
Mgbeahuruike, Anthony Christian, Toochukwu Eleazar Ejiofor, Michael Ushie Ashang, Chiamaka Ojiako, Christian C. Obasi, Chuka Ezema, Obianuju Okoroafor, Mulunda Mwanza, Magnus Karlsson, and Kennedy F. Chah. "Reduction of the Adverse Impacts of Fungal Mycotoxin on Proximate Composition of Feed and Growth Performance in Broilers by Combined Adsorbents." Toxins 13, no. 6 (June 21, 2021): 430. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins13060430.
Full textAbstract:
Synergistic interaction of adsorbents in reducing the adverse impacts of mycotoxin on performance and proximate composition of broiler feeds was investigated. Fungal growth was induced by sprinkling water on the feed. S. cerevisiae + bentonite, kaolin + bentonite or S. cerevisiea + kaolin adsorbent combinations (1.5 g/kg feed) were added and the feeds were stored in black polythene bags. An untreated group was kept as a positive control while fresh uncontaminated feed was used as a negative control. Mycotoxins were extracted from the feeds and quantified using reverse phase HPLC. Proximate composition, nutrient digestibility of the feeds, feed intake and weight gain of the broilers were measured. Deoxynivalenol (DON) concentration in the contaminated/untreated feed was 347 µg/kg while aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) was 34 µg/kg. Addition of bentonite and kaolin in the contaminated feed reduced AFB1 and DON to significantly lower levels. Feed intake and weight gain were low in the broilers fed the contaminated feed. The carbohydrate level was significantly (p < 0.05) reduced from 62.31 to 40.10%, crude protein digestibility dropped from 80.67 to 49.03% in the fresh feed and contaminated feed respectively. Addition of the adsorbents (S. cerevisiae and bentonite) significantly (p < 0.05) improved these parameters.
7
Etela, I., G. A. Kalio, A. Monsi, and E. V. Ezieshi. "Feed intake, growth rate and some anatomical characteristics of broilers fed commercial diets supplemented with green feeds." Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 22, no. 4 (December 2007): 241–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742170507001779.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractA study was conducted on the Teaching and Research Farm of the Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Nigeria to evaluate the nutritional suitability of four treatments, namely a commercial type broiler diet as compared with the commercial diet supplemented with either fresh centrosema (Centrosema molle), pueraria (Pueraria phaseoloides), or waterleaf (Talinium triangulare) leaves. These diets were fed to 120 day-old chicks (Lohmann Brown) over a 62-day period with treatments arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD). Chemical composition of broiler basal diets differed significantly from the three green foliage supplements. Dry matter (DM) of leaf meals ranged from 97.8 to 227.0 g kg−1 which was significantly (P<0.05) lower than that of broiler basal diets which averaged 900 g kg−1. Crude protein (CP) of leaf meals, however, ranged from 182.0 to 244.0 g kg−1 which was generally higher than basal diets (130–153 g kg−1). Similarly, crude fiber (CF) was highest for centrosema and pueraria leaves (330–342 g kg−1) and lowest in basal diets (164–222 g kg−1). However, ether extract (EE) and nitrogen-free extract (NFE) were significantly higher in broiler basal diets. Broiler daily and total feed intake over 62 days were similar between treatments and the control, averaging 112 g d−1, while diets containing waterleaf were slightly (2.5%) lower. Total and daily bodyweight (BW) gains (2110 g and 34 g d−1) were also similar between treatments and the control, except that gains where the broiler diet was supplemented with centrosema foliage were 2.9% higher. A higher feed conversion ratio (FCR) and lower protein efficiency ratio (PER) for the diet supplemented with pueraria indicates a higher feed efficiency and better protein efficiency in the commercial control diet. Carcass characteristics with the commercial control diet included greater (P<0.05) intestinal length and gizzard and spleen weights than with green foliage supplements. However, broiler carcass weight was generally lowest (P<0.05) in the control group (64.3 g/100 g BW) and highest in the waterleaf group (71.3 g/100 g BW). Small differences in carcass weight among the treatments tested reduces the effectiveness of green feeds for practical and economic intensive broiler production. However, increased effectiveness of green feed supplementation for broiler production might likely be observed where broilers are managed on fenced rangelands planted to selected green feeds or in integrated systems where other livestock (rabbits, sheep, goats, etc.) are jointly reared. These results support the recommendation that leaf meals of green feeds should be incorporated into broiler diets in future studies.
8
Shariatmadari, F., and J. M. Forbes. "Diurnal food intake patterns of broiler chickens offered a choice of feed varying in protein content." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1992 (March 1992): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600021978.
Full textAbstract:
The ability of broiler chickens to regulate protein intake when given a choice of high- and low-protein feeds has been demonstrated (Shariatmadari and Forbes, 1990). However, it is not know whether birds take several meals from one feed and then several from the other, or whether both feeds are taken in mixed meals. Therefore, to determine how protein intake regulation operates on a meal-to-meal basis, the meal patterns of broiler chickens were automatically recorded when they were offered two feeds of different protein content.
9
Afolayan, M., I. I. Dafwang, and J. J. Omage. "Performance of Broilers fed On-Farm versus Commercial Feeds." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 36, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v36i1.1040.
Full textAbstract:
This study was conducted in the Animal Science Departmental farm to compare the growth performance of broiler chickens reared on three on-form feeds and three commercial feeds. Broilers were fed the six types of feed during the starter phase between 0-5 weeks of age and during the finisher phase between 5-9weeks. Results showed that although one of the commercial feeds outperformed all other feeds in terms of weight gain and feed efficiency; the overall growth performance on on-farm feeds were comparable to those on commercial feeds even where one of the on-farm feeds contained sub-optimal levels of energy Ilowever, feed cost / kg weight gain was significantly lower for on-farm feeds. There were significant differences (P<0.05) between the on furm diets (T1-T3) and the commercial diets (T4 -T6) in term of feed cost per kg gain. The on farm feeds were relatively cheaper than the commercial feeds. It is concluded from this study that the widespread use of on-farm feeds hy poultry farmers can be justified on the basis of cost effectiveness and profitability considerutions. However the risks associated with this practice should be a matter of concern to all poultry farmers, research and extension personnel. It is therefore recommended that feed quality regulatory agencies should as a matter of urgency find ways by which some nieasure of quality control can be applied to on-farm feeds.
10
JONES, F. T., J. B. WARD, and C. E. BREWER. "Antioxidant Use in Broiler Feeds." Poultry Science 65, no. 4 (April 1986): 779–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3382/ps.0650779.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Broiler feeds"
1
Van, Niekerk S. J. (Sarel Johannes). "Actual and predicted performance of broiler chickens." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/49817.
Full textAbstract:
Assignment (MPhil)--University of Stellenbosch, 2004.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance and profitability of different dietary specifications for broiler chickens slaughtered at 35 days of age. Two trials were performed to evaluate different production parameters. The results of these trials were compared to the predicted results of the EFG broiler model. No carcass data were available for the two trials mentioned above. Therefore, in order to evaluate the accuracy of the broiler model when predicting carcass characteristics, two published data sets (Leeson et al., 1996a) were used. Predicted and actual values were compared, evaluated and discussed. Two broiler trials were performed. In Trial One the amino acid density decreased throughout the range of three treatments from prestarter to finisher diets. In Trial Two the amino acid density decreased only in the four finisher diets. The main difference between predicted and actual results was the response to body weight. The model predicted a steady increase in feed intake to compensate for the lower dietary specifications while body weight did not change significantly. This increase in feed intake seems to be enough to maintain body weight. Trial birds also increased their feed intake as dietary amino acid density decreased, but this compensation seemed to be too low to maintain body weight compared to the control diet. The birds may find it easier to compensate when they have time to adapt to the specification. There is evidence in the literature that birds need seven days to adapt their feed intake to a lower feed specification (Leeson et al., 1996a). It can be speculated that the trial birds started to loose body weight due to a lower amino acid intake in this period. The model seems to adapt feed intake immediately after a change in diet specification. The simulation on literature data lead to the following conclusions: 1) Broilers posses the capacity to increase their feed intake with at least 65% should finisher diets with lower amino acid and energy concentrations be supplied. If only the energy concentration of finisher diets were decreased, the increase in feed intake will be around 30%. (see Table 16 and 23) 2) The accurate prediction of feed intake from the given dietary specification has a major influence on the accuracy of the prediction of broiler performance. 3) Amino acid density and DLys:ME ratio plays a significant role in the control and prediction of feed intake. The EFG broiler model is based on sound scientific principles. The model is comprehensive and can be used for a wide range of environmental and management conditions as well as dietary conditions. The nutritionist can use the model with confidence to assist in practical feed formulation. The actual strength of the model lies in the time and money being saved compared to practical trials.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie studie is om die prestasie en winsgewendheid van braaikuikens te bepaal wanneer voere met verskillende digthede tot op 35 dae gevoer word. Twee eksperimente is uitgevoer om produksieresultate te evalueer. Die resultate van hierdie eksperimente is met die voorspelde waardes uit die EFG simulasie-model vergelyk. Aangesien geen karkasdata vir bogenoemde eksperimente beskikbaar was nie, is twee gepubliseerde datastelle gebruik om hierdie deel van die model te evalueer (Leeson et al., 1996a). Twee braaikuiken eksperimente is uitgevoer. Eksperiment Een het uit drie behandelings bestaan waarvan die aminosuur-konsentrasie vanaf dag een tussen behandelings verskil het. In Eksperiment Twee het die aminosuur-konsentrasie net in die vier afrondingsdiëte verskil. Liggaamsmassa op 35 dae het die grooste verskil tussen voorspelde- en werklike waardes getoon. Beide voorspelde en werklike innames het in albei eksperimente verhoog soos wat aminosuur-konsentrasie afgeneem het. Voorspelde liggaamsmassa het egter konstant gebly terwyl werklike data 'n afname in liggaamsmassa getoon het. Dit bleik dat die voorspelde toename in innames voldoende was om massa te onderhou terwyl die voëls in werklikheid nie genoeg gekompenseer het nie. Leeson et al., 1996a het tot die gevolgtrekking gekom dat braaikuikens minstens sewe dae benodig om hul voeriname by 'n nuwe spesifikasie aan te pas. So 'n stadige aanpassing kan daartoe lei dat energie- en aminosuur-inname daal indien 'n dieet met laer spesifikasie gevoer. Dit sal daartoe lei dat die kuikens liggaamsmassa verloor. Uit die literatuur simulasies is die volgende afleidings gemaak: 1) Braaikuikens besit die vermoeë om voerinname in die afrondingstyd met minstens 65% te verhoog indien 'n afrondingvoer met laer amiosuur- asook energiekonsentrasie gevoer word. Indien net die energiekonsentrasie verlaag word, sal die inname met sowat 30% verhoog. 2) Die akkurate voorspelling van inname is krities vir die akkurate voorspelling van produksieparameters. 3) Aminosuur-digtheid en DLys:ME speel 'n belangrike rol in die beheer en voorspelling van voerinname by braaikuikens. Die EFG braaikuikenmodel is op suiwer wetenskaplike beginsels geskoei. Die model is omvattend en kan vir 'n wye reeks van omgewings- en bestuurstoestande asook dieet-spesifikasies gebruik word. Die voedingkundige kan die model met vertroue gebruik om met praktiese voerformulering by te staan. Die model kan die formuleerder baie tyd spaar aangesien praktiese eksperimente ingeperk kan word.
2
Fontana, Eddy Alejandro. "Effects of various male feeding regimens on reproduction in broiler breeders." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/43750.
Full textAbstract:
A study was conducted using commercial broiler breeders with the males fed a diet containing, either 120/0 or 140/0 protein and body weight maintained at either 900/0 or 1000/0 of that recommended by the primary breeder (fed separately), or allowed to eat from the female feeders (controls). Female feeders in the separately fed pens were equipped with especially designed grills, which denied access to the males. The male feeder in these pens was elevated so that females were denied access.
Males fed separately (body weight 90% or 1000/0, and dietary protein 120/0 or 140/0) had a significantly higher percentage fertility (4.20/0) than males allowed to eat with the females. No differences in percentage fertility were found among the four separately fed groups. No differences were noted in percentage hatch of fertile eggs among any of the treatment groups.
Males eating from the female feeders had significantly heavier body weights and testes weights at 65 weeks of age than breeder males in the separately fed, groups. Mean body weights were 3819g and 4773g at 35 weeks of age, and 4192g and 5443g at 65 weeks of age for males eating separately and eating with the females, respectively. Furthermore, males in the control group had significantly larger breast angle measurements when compared with the separately fed males. No differences were observed in foot scores and semen concentration among males in the various treatment groups.
Master of Science
3
Lee, S. A. "Maize feeds and influence of xylanase on broiler digestion of starch." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2016. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/33801/.
Full textAbstract:
The primary cereal grain used in poultry feed worldwide is maize. An understanding of how and where broiler chickens digest native starches, this being the major energy component of maize, and the influence that exogenous xylanase has on this process, is essential when optimising nutrient utilisation of a diet. In this project, both in vitro and in vivo models were used to understand broiler digestion of starches in different maize-based diets: native maize starch, maize grit and maize-soy with or without xylanase (Econase XT 25 at 100 g/t; 18,100 BXU/kg). An in vitro model to simulate the digestive tract of broilers using a ball milling technique to mimic the chicken gizzard was designed to investigate differences in the digestion of starches between the various diets. Reduced starch crystallinity and particle size of the diet was shown when samples were ball milled in HCl-pepsin, compared to roller mixed samples, leading to a greater glucose release when these samples were incubated with pancreatin. The maize-soy diet gave the greatest glucose release with pancreatin, with native maize starch giving the lowest, indicating that the processing of diets prior to digestion as well as the surrounding food matrix can impact on the digestion of starches in feed. In all in vivo trials, starch fraction measurements and SEM imaging of digesta collected from the gizzard, upper and lower small intestine, revealed the progression of starch granule digestion through the tract. Despite birds being starved prior to feeding, broilers ingested little of the native maize starch diet. Nonetheless, predominantly intact granules were evident in the gizzard, with signs of amylase attack becoming apparent in the small intestine. Following starvation, starch granules were still observed throughout the tract of birds, suggesting the presence of resistant starches. Higher digesta pH values were observed when birds were fed a maize-soy diet which gave pH 3.56, 6.70, 7.70 for the gizzard, and upper and lower small intestine, respectively, compared to pH 2.47, 6.49, 7.34 for the maize grit diet, an effect that could potentially impact on digestive processes. In feeding trials with broilers, inclusion of xylanase into the maize-soy diet and feeding on a single occasion revealed no apparent difference in the matrices surrounding the starch granules in digesta. This suggested that xylanase may be working indirectly in vivo through some physiological change in the digestion mechanism rather than direct action on the feed. To test this hypothesis, birds were fed xylanase for different lengths of time before slaughter. Peptide YY concentration in the blood was higher during the first few weeks of supplementation, with longer periods of supplementation nulling this effect, suggesting that xylanase may be acting through a prebiotic mechanism. RT-qPCR results revealed a trend towards an increase in glucose transporter (GLUT2 and SGLT1) expression at 2 and 3 weeks of xylanase supplementation, respectively. This also correlated to an increase in glucose concentration in the blood from 3 weeks of xylanase inclusion, suggesting a greater absorption capacity of birds. These results may indicate a potential mechanism of xylanase action in maize-based diets, although further work is required to confirm these findings.
4
Jaikan, Winai. "Development of methods for the determination of aflatoxins in broiler mixed feeds." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2006. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/56103/.
Full textAbstract:
This study was undertaken to respond to the requirement of the emerging Thai broiler producers to comply to international standards in product anatoxin contamination. Field work was established with farmers to improve their animal husbandry. A standard methodology for anatoxin analysis was also established. The efficiency of four commercial clean-up columns for the determination of anatoxins in broiler mixed feeds were compared and contamination levels of anatoxins in broiler mixed feeds marketed in Thailand were determined. The four clean-up columns used were from Varian, Vicam, Romer and Rhdne. Two types of broiler feed, manufactured by the Charoen Pokphand (CP.) company and the Betagro company were tested. Samples tested were standard anatoxin solution, spiked broiler mixed feed and naturally contaminated feed. All samples were cleaned-up using the four columns followed by quantification of anatoxins by HPLC. Comparative column efficiency was determined. Feed collected from the field over a 42 day period was examined for anatoxin contamination using the Varian column. There was variation in the efficiency of columns when different types of samples were used. There was also a difference in the column efficiency when different sources of feed samples were applied. The relative column efficiency for the clean-up of the standard anatoxin solution was, in descending order, Varian, Vicam, Rhone and Romer columns. Based on the SAS analysis by CRD, the Varian column gave the best anatoxin recoveries. Anatoxin recoveries from the four different columns were determined with spiked Betagro feed samples, Efficiency was in descending order, Varian, Vicam, Romer and Rhdne columns. For the spiked CP. feed the order was Vicam, Varian, Rhone and Romer columns, respectively. There was a significant difference in column efficiency. The Varian and Vicam columns were significantly more efficient than the Rhone and Romer columns. The Varian and Vicam columns had the highest relatively efficiencies for both brands of broiler mixed feeds. The natural contamination of anatoxin determined in two brands of feed using the Varian columns was 14.41 to 18.40 p.p.b. for the CP. feed and 11.33 to 18.18 p.p.b. for the Betagro feed when samples were collected from the delivery sacks. When samples were collected from feeding bins the range was 18.49 to 20.39 p.p.b. for the CP. feed and 17.30 to 20.67 p.p.b. for the Betagro feed. Feed samples were of an acceptable quality and all broilers were normal. As the anatoxin contamination levels detected in broiler mixed feeds were low, their relationship to changes in broiler physiology could not be determined. The field study on broiler quality in 1998 indicated some abnormalities on the broilers but there was no such problem on the broiler's quality in 2000, which may be accounted by the instigation of the improved animal husbandry.
5
Du, Plessis Raymond Edrich. "Efficacy of exogenous enzyme supplementation in releasing metabolisable energy in broiler feeds." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/24921.
Full textAbstract:
This study was conducted with the aim to investigate the efficacy of exogenous enzyme supplementation in releasing metabolisable energy in broiler feeds. Two performance trials were conducted during this study. Effects were measured in terms of the body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, mortality and production efficiency factor in broilers. Correct interpretation and practical application of the positive effects of exogenous enzyme supplementation to commercial broiler feeds can aid nutritionists to develop nutritionally balanced broiler feeds at lower costs. The negative effects of anti-nutritional factors in broilers feeds can be greatly reduced with the strategic use of exogenous enzyme addition to the feed. In the first performance trial, four treatment feeds were fed to broilers. The Positive control feed was a balanced diet, formulated according to standard nutrient specifications used by Daybreak Farms, with only the metabolisable energy marginally lower than the standard to ensure that energy was the first limiting nutrient. Nutrient specification met or exceeded recommendations by the NRC (1994). A Negative control feed, similar to the Positive control, was formulated with 0.35 MJ ME / kg feed less than the Positive control. An Avizyme treatment and a Hemicell treatment were formulated similar to the Negative control, with the addition of 0.05% Avizyme and 0.0125% Hemicell to the respective treatments. The addition of Avizyme and Hemicell to the respective treatments was hypothesised to release an additional 0.35 MJ ME / kg feed. Four thousand three hundred and twenty day-old Ross 788 chicks were randomly divided into four treatment groups, each with eight replicates and 135 birds per replicate for the first seven days. After seven days birds were reduced to 126 birds per replicate. In the second performance trial, five treatment feeds were fed to broilers. The Positive control feed was a balanced diet, formulated according to standard nutrient specifications used by Daybreak Farms, with only the metabolisable energy marginally lower than the standard to ensure that energy was the first limiting nutrient. Nutrient specification met or exceeded recommendations by the NRC (1994). Results of the first performance trial indicated that more than the hypothesised 0.35 MJ ME / kg feed was being released from the feed with exogenous enzyme addition. Subsequently, the difference in metabolisable energy between the Negative control and Positive control treatments were increased for the second trial. A Negative control feed, similar to the Positive control, was formulated with 0.45 MJ ME / kg feed less than the Positive control. An Avizyme treatment and a Hemicell treatment were formulated similar to the Negative control, with the addition of 0.05% Avizyme and 0.0125% Hemicell to the respective treatments. A Combination treatment was formulated similar to the Negative control, with the addition of both 0.05% Avizyme and 0.0125% Hemicell to the feed. Seven thousand five hundred and sixty day-old Ross 788 chicks were randomly divided into five treatment groups, each with 12 replicates and 126 birds per replicate. For both trials, birds were housed in environmentally controlled houses with a similar lighting schedule and ad libitum access to feed and water. Body weights, feed intake and mortality were recorded weekly for the duration of the five week performance trials. The data was statistically analysed, using the general linear model function in SAS (Statistical Analysis Systems, 1989; Statistical Analysis Systems, 1994). Fischer’s protected test was used for the post hoc multiple comparison test. Repeated tests were included in the model. The confidence interval was set at 95%. Initial body weight was tested as a covariate in all the analyses. Incorrect dosing of the trial feeds during the first performance trial prevented the evaluation of the treatments for the entire 35 day period. The difference between the Positive control and the Negative control treatments were not large enough to enable the exact determination of the amount of metabolisable energy that the Avizyme released in the feed. It could, however, be concluded that Avizyme addition to a broiler feed increased broiler production efficacy. The Avizyme treatment was contributed at least 0.35 MJ ME / kg feed during the trial released more than 0.35 MJ ME / kg feed during the extended starter phase of the trial. The above mentioned conclusions served as a motivation to increase the metabolisable energy difference between the Positive control and the Negative control treatments for the next performance trial. Addition of Hemicell to the feed contributed 0.35 MJ ME / kg feed over a five week growing period. With the second performance trial, the Avizyme and Hemicell treatments released an additional 0.45 MJ ME / kg feed, supported by broiler production variables similar to the Positive treatment. The Combination treatment was shown to release more than 0.45 MJ ME / kg feed and significantly increased broiler performance. It was concluded that the combination of Hemicell and Avizyme in a broiler ration had a positive synergistic effect on each other in the young broiler, indicating that exogenous enzymes could be more effective in younger broilers. Although exogenous enzymes resulted in the release of a significant amount of additional metabolisable energy in the feed, the addition of these enzymes should undergo economical evaluation to ensure that the addition of these enzymes is viable under commercial circumstances. Addition of Avizyme with a calculated energy contribution of 0.35 MJ ME / kg and 0.45 MJ ME / kg to the feed realised an income over feed cost (IOFC) of 25 c / kg live weight and 4 c / kg live weight, respectively, during the five week period. The Hemicell treatment showed a negative IOFC (suggesting that Hemicell inclusion will decrease profit) of 24 c / kg live weight during the first four weeks of the first production trial and an IOFC of 2 c / kg live weight during the five week period of the second trial. The combination of both enzymes in the feed returned an IOFC of 16 c / kg live weight. In general the income over feed cost was the highest during the starter phase because of a higher efficacy of exogenous enzyme addition in younger broilers.Dissertation (MSc(Agric))--University of Pretoria, 2012.
Animal and Wildlife Sciences
unrestricted
6
Combs, Stephen H. "Physical and chemical effects of pelleting feed on broiler growth and behavioral parameters." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/90926.
Full textAbstract:
Barred Rock chickens were offered diets that had been pelleted at 55° or 85°C. In an 8-week feeding trial, the subjects receiving pellets processed at the higher temperature experienced significant (P ≤ .05) weight gain over those receiving the diet processed at 55°C. Although feed consumption for this treatment increased as well, the difference was not significant (P ≤ .05). Chemical investigation revealed that metabolizable energy and bioavailability of lysine of both heat treatments were similar. Starch availability as measured by in vitro enzyme susceptibility, however, was lowered by increased heat application.
In a second experiment, the feeding behavior of 12-16 week old cockerels offered diets of varying particle size, resulted in significant (P ≤ .05) increases in feed consumption rate and therefore decreases in total feeding activity for birds offered pellets and crumbles as compared to mash and reground pellets. No differences were noted in meal size, meal frequency, interval between meals, or total consumption.
In a parallel experiment, no differences were noted in the behavioral parameters of birds receiving diets pelleted at 55, 70, or 85°C of similar density and particle size. Mash controls, however, experienced significantly (P ≤ .05) decreased consumption rate and concurrent increase in feeding activity.
The beneficial effects experienced with pelleting can therefore be attributed to the reduction in total feeding activity that allows an increased proportion of net energy to be utilized in support of growth.M.S.
7
Kafri, Ilan. "Skin breaking strength in broiler chickens." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54306.
Full textAbstract:
A procedure was developed to examine factors contributing to skin strength of meat-type chickens. Skin breaking strength was initially measured in lines of chickens divergently selected for high (H) and low (L) juvenile body weight, their reciprocal crosses (HL and LH), and an F₂ generation derived from HL and LH matings. Skin of chicks from the LL line was weakest, that from the HH and LH matings strongest, and that from HL and F₂ matings was intermediate. Percentage heterosis for breaking strength was significantly positive while percentage recombination was not significant.
Skin breaking strength and protein, fat, moisture, and total collagen concentrations of skin from the breast, thigh, and back of male and female commercial broilers were then examined in response to diets containing relatively wide or narrow ratios of calories to protein (C:P). Comparisons were made at 28, 42, and 56 days of age. Chickens fed diets containing wider C:P ratios had weaker skin than those fed diets with narrower C:P ratios, with the differences being greater at older than at younger ages. Males had stronger skin than females. Among body sites, breast skin was stronger than thigh skin with that from the back being intermediate in strength. Skin breaking strength did not appear to be consistently associated with either the protein, fat, or collagen concentrations in the skin.
Skin from broiler chicks fed diets with differing C:P ratios was also examined histologically. Males had stronger and thinner skin than females, with the differences in thickness due primarily to differences in the thickness of the hypodermis. Regardless of sex, feeding diets containing wider C:P ratios resulted in weaker and thicker skin. The thicker skin was associated with an increase in the thickness of the hypodermis and a decrease in the thickness of the dermis and epidermis. With the exception of differences between back and thigh skin, increases in breaking strength occurring between skin from different sites were associated with a reduction in total skin thickness and in the thickness of the hypodermis. It was concluded that increased hypodermis thickness and/or decreased thickness of the dermis and epidermis reduced skin strength.
Two experiments were conducted in which skin strength was examined in relation to heat stress and supplemental ascorbic acid. In the first experiment, chicks fed diets containing 0 or 100 mg of ascorbic acid per kg of diet were subjected to either a constant ambient temperature of 23C, a constant ambient temperature of 32C, or a treatment consisting of 32C from 1600 to 1200 hr and 400 from 1200 to 1600 hr (32/400). Both heat stress and supplemental ascorbic acid tended to increase collagen concentrations in the skin, but differences in breaking strength were inconsistent in response to these treatments. Supplemental ascorbic acid, however, partially alleviated reductions in body weight due to heat stress but did not decrease body temperatures of heat-stressed chicks.
In the final experiment, diets containing either 0, 200, or 400 mg/kg of supplemental ascorbic acid were fed to chicks maintained at ambient temperatures of 23 and 34C. Contrary to previous observations, ascorbic acid failed to ameliorate the depressive effect of heat stress on body weight. Supplemental ascorbic acid tended to reduce adrenal, bursa of Fabricius, and spleen weights but had no effect on heterophil and lymphocyte numbers or ratios. Adrenal ascorbic acid concentrations were not significantly affected by supplemental ascorbic acid and plasma ascorbic acid levels were inconsistent among treatment groups. Neither supplemental ascorbic acid nor heat stress significantly influenced skin strength. It was concluded that supplemental ascorbic acid was not beneficial in improving skin strength in commercial broiler chicks.Ph. D.
8
Botha, Corne J. "The use of fibrolytic enzymes in maize-soya based broiler diets." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6456.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MScAgric (Animal Sciences))--University of Stellenbosch, 2011.Includes bibliography.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: A growth and digestibility trial was conducted comparing the effect of an experimental enzyme at three different inclusions. A negative control containing no enzyme additions and a positive control containing a proven commercial enzyme were compared in a maize-soybean diet noting the performance of broilers and the digestibility of the grower feed. The commercial enzyme was a granular product with a xylanase activity of 38114.29 nkat/g and the second enzyme (ABO374) was a liquid experimental product with a xylanase activity of 1426.86 nkat/ml. Five diets were used i.e. control basal diet without enzyme supplementation (negative control), basal diet supplemented with the commercial enzyme (positive control) and three basal diets supplemented with the test enzyme at various inclusion levels (ABO 50, ABO 100 and ABO 200). The positive control was supplemented with 200 g/ton of the commercial enzyme; ABO 50 was supplemented with ABO374 at an inclusion level of 2671 ml/ton, ABO 100 with 5342 ml/ton and ABO 200 with 10684 ml/ton. Supplementation with the test enzyme (ABO 50) significantly improved BW at 23 days of age by 4.6 % (1107.4 g vs 960.96 g) and at 37 days of age by 3.2 % (2311.75 g vs 2237.81 g) over the negative control. Body weight gain for the total period of the trial was significantly improved by 3.24 % (64.32 g/bird/day vs 62.24 g/bird/day) the test enzyme supplementation (ABO 50) when compared to the negative control. During the starter phase, test enzyme supplementation (ABO 50) led to an improvement of 4.58 % (1.25 vs 1.31) in FCR in comparison with the negative control. The FCR for the total trial obtained by the test enzyme supplementation was significantly lower than the FCR obtained by the positive control. The highest EPER obtained for this trail was by the test enzyme supplemented diets and this was significantly higher than the EPER obtained by the positive control. It is clear from this growth trial that the test enzyme (ABO374) at an inclusion level of 2671 ml/ton outperformed the commercial enzyme and that it has the potential to improve the production performance of broilers on a maizeSBM based diet. The total tract digestibility method and total collection method was used to conduct the digestibility trial. The total tract digestibility method measures the difference between the amounts of each nutrient consumed from the amounts of each nutrient excreted in faeces. Only apparent digestibilities are reported for the digestibility trial. Apparent digestibility does not take the endogenous protein fraction in the faeces into account. The endogenous protein fraction is derived from digestive enzymes and proteins from the intestinal walls that are secreted into the digestive tract. The grower negative control, positive control, ABO 50, ABO 100 and ABO 200 diets used in the production trial were also used in the digestibility trial. Supplementation with the test enzyme showed no significant improvements on the apparent digestibility of dry matter, organic material, ash, crude protein, metabolisable energy or crude fibre. No significant improvements in the apparent digestibility of the amino acids (threonine, arginine, valine, lysine, methionine, cysteine and isoleucine) were noticed either and thus the digestibility of the grower feed were not influenced by the addition of enzymes due to the supplementation of the test enzyme ABO374. Pelletisation of the grower diets could have lead to the inactivation of the enzyme due to the high temperature at which pelletisation takes place. Another possible reason why enzyme supplementation did not increase nutrient digestibility, may be that the breakdown of non-starch polysaccharides by the enzymes led to an increase in the concentration of oligosaccharides in the small intestine of the birds, thus leading to the decrease in nutrient absorption Key words: body weight, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, European production efficiency ratio, maize, soybean meal, apparent digestibility, dry matter, organic material, ash, crude protein, metabolisable energy, crude fibre, xylanase, pellitisation.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: ‘n Groei en vertering studie was uitgevoer om die effek van ‘n eksperimentele ensiem wat teen drie verskillende insluitingsvlakke by ‘n basale dieët bygevoeg is te vergelyk met ‘n negatiewe kontrole wat geen ensiem bevat het nie en met ‘n positiewe kontrole wat ‘n kommersiële ensiem bevat in ‘n mielesojaboon oliekoek dieët op die produksie vermoë van braaikuikens en die verteerbaarheid van die groei voer. Die kommersiële ensiem was ‘n granulêre produk met ‘n xylanase aktiwiteit van 38114.29 nkat/g en die eksperimentele ensiem (ABO374) was ‘n vloeistof produk met ‘n xylanase aktiwiteit van 1426.86 nkat/ml. Vyf diëte was gebruik nl. ‘n basale dieët met geen ensiem byvoeging (negatiewe kontrole), basale dieët met die byvoeging van die kommersiële ensiem (positiewe kontrole) en drie basale diëte wat met die byvoeging van die eksperimentele ensiem teen drie verskillende insluitings vlakke (ABO 50, ABO 100 and ABO 200). Die kommersiële ensiem was by die positiewe kontrole bygevoeg met ‘n insluitings vlak van 200 g/ton, ABO374 was bygevoeg by ABO 50 met ‘n insluitings vlak van 2671 ml/ton, ABO 100 met 5342 ml/ton en ABO 200 met 10684 ml/ton. Die byvoeging van die eksperimentele ensiem (ABO 50) het gelei tot die betekenisvolle verbetering van die liggaamsmassa van die voëls by die ouderdom van 23 dae met 4.6 % (1107.4 g teenoor 960.96 g) en by die ouderdom van 37 dae met 3.2 % (2311.75 g teenoor 2237.81 g) teenoor die negatiewe kontrole. Liggaams massa toename vir die hele periode van die studie was betekenisvol verhoog met 3.24 % (64.32 g/kuiken/dag teenoor 62.24 g/kuilen/dag) met die byvoeging van die eksperimentele ensiem (ABO374) teenoor die negatiewe kontrole. Voeromset verhouding was betekenisvol verbeter met 4.58 % (1.25 teenoor 1.31) toe die kommersiële ensiem bygevoeg was teenoor die negatiewe kontrole. Die hoogste europese produksie effektiwiteits verhouding wat verkry is vir die hele studie periode is deur die byvoeging van die eksperimentele ensiem (ABO374). Hierdie groei studie dui dus duidelik aan dat die gebruik van die eksperimentele ensiem (ABO374) baie beter resultate as die kommersiële ensiem opgelewer het teen ‘n insluitings vlak van 2671 ml/ton, dus het ABO374 die potensiaal om die produksie potensiaal van braaikuikens op ‘n mielie-sojaboonoliekoek dieët te verbeter. Die totale spysverteringskanaal verteerbaarheid metode was gebruik om die verteerbaarheid studie uit te voer. Die totale spysverteringskanaal verteerbaarheid metode meet die verskil tussen die nutriënt inhoud van die voer en die nutriënt inhoud van die mis. Slegs die skynbare verteerbaarheid van nutriënte word vir hierdie verteerbaarheidstudie gerapporteer. Skynbare verteerbaarheid sluit nie die endogene proteïenfraksie wat afkomstig is van verteringsensieme of die proteïene afkomstig vanaf die spysverteringskanaal se intestinale wande af in nie. Die negatiewe kontrole, positiewe kontrole, ABO 50, ABO 100 en ABO 200 groei diëte gebruik in die produksie studie is gebruik vir die verteringsstudie. Die byvoeging van die eksperimentele ensiem het geen betekenisvolle resultate opgelewer ten opsigte van droë materiaal, organiese material, as, ru-proteïen, ru-vesel of metaboliseerbare energie nie. Daar was ook geen betekenisvolle resultate opgelewer wanneer die eksperimentele ensiem bygevoeg was nie ten opsigte van die verteerbaarheid vir aminosure (treonien, arginien, valien, metionien, sisteïen en isoleosien) nie en dus is die verteerbaarheid van die groeivoer glad nie beïnvloed deur die byvoeging van die eksperimentele ensiem nie. Die verpilling van die groei voer mag dalk gelei het tot die inaktivering van die eksperimentele ensiem deur dat dit blootgestel was aan hoë temperature. ‘n Ander moontlike rede vir die mislukking van die ensiem kon gewees het dat die afbreking van die nie-stysel polisakkariedes deur die ensiem kon gelei het tot die verhoging van die oligosakkariede konsentrasie in die laer spysverterings kanaal en dus kon dit lei tot ‘n verhoogde deurvloeitempo, gevolg deur ‘n afname in die absorpsie van nutriënte. Sleutel woorde: Liggaamsmassa, liggaamsmassa toename, voeromsetverhouding Europese produksie effektiwiteits verhouding, mielie, sojaboonoliekoek, skynbare verteerbaarheid, droëmaterial, organiesematerial, as, ru-proteïen, ru-vesel, metaboliseerbare energie, verpilling.
9
Iji, Paul Ade. "Natural development and dietary regulation of body and intestinal growth in broiler chickens." Title page, contents and summary only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phi25.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Corrigenda inserted behind title page. Bibliography: leaves 275-306. The pattern of body growth and intestinal development of an Australian strain of broiler chicken, the Steggles x Ross (F1) in response to different diets was studied. Five experiments were designed to examine the pattern of growth and mechanisms involved. In four other experiments, the mechanisms underlying the gross response of the broiler chicks to dietary ingredients, anti-nutritive factors and growth enhancers were examined. Results indicated that a rapid development of the small intestine preceded significant overall body growth. Body growth would, however, depend more on the various physiological events such as those related to mucosal growth and renewal, digestive enzyme function, and nutrient transport. Some of the differences observed in productivity of broiler chickens on different diets were traced to events at the intestinal level.
10
Radebe, Nomvula Emily. "Utilization of whole hatchery waste meal as alternative feedstuff in broiler diets." Thesis, [Bloemfontein?] : Central University of Technology, Free State, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11462/168.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M. Tech.(Agriculture: Animal Production)) - Central University of technology, Free State, 2012A 42-day feeding trial involving 180 day old broiler chicks was carried out at Glen Agric Institute ARC poultry section to study the effects of whole hatchery waste meal (WHWM) as an alternative in broiler diets. In this study whole hatchery waste meal (WHHW) replaced fish meal (FM), protein for protein, in broiler diets at 0, 10, 20, and 30% levels. One hundred and eighty broiler chickens were grouped, 45 birds per treatment which were further replicated 3 times (15 birds per replicate) in a completely randomized design. Feed and water supply were offered to birds ad libitum while standard management practices were meticulously adopted. Samples of the two test ingredients were sent to a lab for chemical analysis and the results indicated that FM had higher content of crude protein (73.18%) while that of WHWM was 4226. The calcium phosphorus ratio was 16.6:1 for WHWM as against 1.5:1 in the FM. The results also indicated a higher content of Ash% and Ether extract for WHWM (18.12) and (23.94) respectively. The higher ash content could be due to the high content of eggshell at the time of processing. At the end of the feeding trial broiler performance, blood, carcass characteristics and the economic benefit of using WHWM in broiler diets were determined. Blood and meat samples were collected and sent to the pathology laboratory at the University of the Free State, Bloemfontein for hematological and meat characteristics analysis. Results for broiler performance showed that broilers fed diet 2 had highest values for feed intake (118.25g/bird/day), weight gain (50.16g/bird/day) and daily protein intake (29.08g/bird/day) while those fed with diet 3 were superior in the efficiency of feed conversion (2.31). The highest value of abdominal fat 1.12% was observed in birds fed diet 2. The highest live mass was observed in birds fed diets containing no WHWM (2.83), while non significant difference were observed in live mass of birds fed diet 1, 3 and 4. Broilers fed control diet had highest mean values for eviscerated weight (2.20kg) and dressing percentage (77.86%). Blood samples were sent for analysis of White blood cells (WBC), Red blood cells (RBC) and Haemoglobin (HGB), Hematogrit (HCT), Mean corpuscular volume (MCV), Mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and Mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC). The results showed marginal variations in blood parameters. White blood cell counts were higher for birds fed control diet (519.59 x 103/1) than those fed WHWM (484.93 X 103/1). Non significant differences (P > 0.05) were observed on the HGB of all treatment groups including the control group. RBC counts of T1-T3 were not significantly different from each other but statistically significantly different from T4 (30% WHWM). The highest value of 2.67 106/ mm3 was observed in birds fed a higher level of WHWM. High RBC and HGB counts in the birds fed WHWM are an indicative of higher oxygen carrying capacity. The HCT and MCH results showed nonsignificant differences between T1, T3 and T4, except T2 which was significantly different from the other treatment groups. The MCV values for T1-T4 were 132.58, 126.47, 129.15 and 128.15 10'15L respectively. The highest and lowest values were recorded on T1 and T2 respectively. The feed costs decreased with an increase in the level of WHWM in broiler diets. The lowest feed cost/kg weight gain of R8.69 recorded for broilers fed on diet three. This agrees with several studies which documented the use of hatching waste in poultry diet as means of reducing feed cost (Babiker et al 1991; Abiola, 1999; Abiola, 2000; Abiola and Onunkwor 2004). It can be concluded that 10% of FM can be replaced with WHWM in broiler diets without adverse effects on growth, hematological and carcass traits.
Books on the topic "Broiler feeds"
1
Nutritional influence of beet pulp and chitosan in broiler chickens. Uppsala: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Dept. of Food Science, 1995.
Find full text
2
Marzok, Mohamed Ahmed Tony Ahmed. Detection of genetically modified soybeans and maize in Egypt as well as comparative nutritional safety investigations of isogenic and transgenic (Bt) maize in broiler nutrition: Broiler performance, degradation and metabolic fate of maize DNA in some tissues and organs. Berlin: Mensch & Buch Verlag, 2004.
Find full text
3
Mohamed Ahmed Tony Ahmed Marzok. Detection of genetically modified soybeans and maize in Egypt as well as comparative nutritional safety investigations of isogenic and transgenic (Bt) maize in broiler nutrition: Broiler performance, degradation and metabolic fate of maize DNA in some tissues and organs. Berlin: Mensch & Buch Verlag, 2004.
Find full text
4
Chohan, Amrit K. Nutritional evaluation of different varieties of full-fat soybeans in broiler chicken starter diets. Charlottetown: University of Prince Edward Island, 1991.
Find full text
5
Chohan, Amrit K. Nutritional evaluation of different varieties of full-fat soybeans in broiler chicken starter diets. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1991.
Find full text
6
International Poultry Broiler Nutritionists' Conference (2nd 2001 Rotorua, N.Z.). Poultry beyond 2005: Carving a great future : proceedings of the 2nd International Poultry Broiler Nutritionists' Conference, Rotorua, New Zealand, February 2001. Christchurch, N.Z: Published jointly by the Poultry Industry Association of New Zealand and the New Zealand Institute for Crop & Food Research, 2001.
Find full text
7
Vahl, Herman Andre. Vitamin A, iron and virginiamycin in broiler diets: Effects on performance and immune responsiveness = vitamineA, ijzer en virginiamycine in slachtkuikenvoeders : effecten op technische resultaten en immunologische kenmerken (met een samenvatting in het Nederlands). Utrecht: Drukkerij Elinkwijk BV, 1985.
Find full text
8
Bell, Dean Edward. Influence of different cereal grains on broiler performance, carcass composition, and quality. 1986.
Find full text
9
Wu, Yea-ching. Dietary fish meal and the incidence of sudden death syndrome in broiler chickens. 1989.
Find full text
10
Luo, Lan. Effects of sources of soybean meal, dietary phosphorus, chloride and magnesium on tibial dyschondroplasia in broiler chicks. 1988, 1988.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Broiler feeds"
1
Safalaoh, Andrews C. L., and Edith Kavala. "In Search of Climate-Smart Feeds: The Potential of Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum, L.) to Replace Maize as an Energy Feed Ingredient in Broiler Diets in Malawi." In Climate Impacts on Agricultural and Natural Resource Sustainability in Africa, 201–12. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37537-9_11.
Full text
2
Abioja, M. O., and J. A. Abiona. "Impacts of Climate Change to Poultry Production in Africa: Adaptation Options for Broiler Chickens." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 275–96. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_111.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractGlobal climate change poses a great threat to poultry production. Greenhouse gases (GHGs) are released through both natural and anthropogenic sources into the atmosphere. Though poultry production contributes little to the release of GHGs, the subsector has been shown to be greatly affected by climate change and global warming. Poultry production as a major subsector of agriculture has provided the teeming population with a supply of needed animal protein in terms of meat and egg production all over the world. It is yet a major global employer of labor. Though it occupies a vantage position in meeting human needs, it is being threatened by climate change, especially in Africa where necessary structure to tackle the menace is nonexistent. Broiler chickens that are reared mainly for chicken meat cannot tolerate the high ambient temperature that prevails mostly in the tropical environment. Chickens are homeotherms that homeostatically regulate core body temperature within a narrow range. Elevated ambient temperature above thermal comfort zone, such as envisaged in climate change scenarios, will trigger series of neuroendocrine modulations that are detrimental to the welfare and productivity in broiler chickens. Such birds are said to be undergoing heat stress (HS). Negative effects of HS include reduced feed consumption, growth rate, feed digestion and efficiency, immunity, welfare, and survivability. Various adaptive measures that could be harnessed by broiler farmers, ranging from housing, feeding, watering, stocking, breeding for thermo-tolerant strains, thermal conditioning, use of phytochemicals, and much more, are reviewed upon in this chapter.
3
Fayez, EL-Yassin, Haj Omar Nedal, and Abboud Mousa. "Nutritive Value and Feed Efficiency of Broiler Diets Containing Different Levels of Triticale." In Triticale: Today and Tomorrow, 819–26. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0329-6_109.
Full text
4
Zaefarian, F., M. R. Abdollahi, and V. Ravindran. "Chapter 13 Influence of feed processing on the gastrointestinal tract development and gizzard physiology in broilers." In The value of fibre, 217–31. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-893-3_13.
Full text
5
Acetoze, G., R. Kurzbard, J. J. Ramsey, K. C. Klasing, and H. A. Rossow. "Influence of mitochondrial function on feed efficiency of broilers with and without growth enhancing levels of minerals supplementation during a coccidiosis challenge." In Energy and protein metabolism and nutrition in sustainable animal production, 393–94. Wageningen: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-781-3_140.
Full text
6
Jacob Nte, Iyakutye, and Hollinshead Holly Gunn. "Cysteine in Broiler Poultry Nutrition." In Biosynthesis [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97281.
Full textAbstract:
The SAAs are limiting in the major poultry feed ingredients, ranking first and fifth in soya bean meal and maize, respectively. Feed ingredients rich in protein, in particular and other nutrients, enhance Energy supply and protein accretion. Modern commercial broilers have reduced maintenance needs and high amino acid requirements, and are more responsive to protein (amino acids) than energy. Cysteine is a semi-essential amino acid belonging to the SAAs. It plays essential roles in protein synthesis, structure and function, causing growth depressing effects in broiler chicks when there is methionine:cysteine imbalance. Genetically predetermined amino acid sequences in proteins are essential for production of adequate quantities of meat, milk and eggs. Therefore, ideal amino acid ratios which conform to the requirements of broilers should be utilized. In nutrition, amino acids are equivalent to proteins, hence the shift in focus from proteins to individual amino acids, expressed as ideal ratios to lysine. The SAAs are practically relevant and have critical nutritional roles in animal nutrition with over 90% production being used to fortify animal (particularly poultry) diets. A balance in the methionine:cysteine ratio is necessary to ensure efficient utilization of the SAAs for proper growth and development in broiler poultry.
7
Halina Makała, Ing. "Impact of Selected Feed Additives in Broiler Nutrition on Breeding and the Meat Quality Features." In Veterinary Medicine and Science. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99099.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of the study was to overview the results of scientific research on the impact of feed additives used in broiler nutrition on breeding and meat quality. Selected additives used in feeding broilers with immunomodulatory properties, prebiotics and probiotics, herbs and herbal extracts and protein additives were characterised. The application of insects in poultry feeding as a good source of proteins and fat as a substitute of expensive feed rich in proteins was presented. Further research is needed on their nutritional value, levels of incorporation into diets and the performance of this feed ingredient. However, there are many challenges that need to be overcome by adoptingsuitable strategies to produce antibiotic-free broiler meat with regards to food safety and chickenwelfare issues. The additives available on the market should be used in accordance with the manufacturers’ recommendations and the grace period should be observed in order to obtain the expected production results and a high-quality product.
8
Stark, Charles. "Processing techniques to optimize digestibility and nutritional value of animal feed." In Developing animal feed products, 59–78. Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19103/as.2020.0083.09.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter reviews the effects of feed manufacturing processes on the nutritional value of feed. It discusses the effects of particle size reduction and pelleting on feed digestibility and the overall performance of pigs/swine and broiler chickens.
9
de Haas, Yvette, Marco C. A. M. Bink, Randy Borg, Erwin P. C. Koenen, Lisanne M. G. Verschuren, and Herman Mollenhorst. "The contribution of animal breeding to reducing the environmental impact of livestock production." In Reducing greenhouse gas emissions from livestock production, 57–80. Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19103/as.2020.0077.05.
Full textAbstract:
Animal production is responsible for 14.5% of total anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Approximately half of these emissions originate directly from animal production, whereas the other half comes from feed production. Animal breeding aims at improving animal production and efficient use of resources, which results in a reduction of environmental impact. In this chapter we quantify the contribution of animal breeding to reducing the environmental impact of the four major livestock species in the Netherlands, namely laying hens, broilers and pigs (all monogastrics), and dairy cattle (ruminants). For eggs, and broiler and pig meat we focussed on GHG emissions and nitrogen and phosphorus efficiency, whereas for dairy we focussed on enteric methane emissions, an important contributor to GHG emissions. Results showed that current selection strategies on increased (feed) efficiency indirectly reduces environmental impact per unit of animal product by about 1% per year. If the aim is to directly select on environmental traits, recording of new traits is required; e.g., nitrogen and phosphorus contents of meat and eggs, and methane emission of individual dairy cows.
10
Vladimirovna Simakova, Inna, Alexey Alekseevich Vasiliev, Konstantin Vyacheslavovich Korsakov, Lyudmila Alexandrovna Sivokhina, Vladimir Vasilievich Salautin, Lyudmila Yurievna Gulyaeva, and Nikita Olegovich Dmitriev. "Role of Humic Substances in Formation of Safety and Quality of Poultry Meat." In Humic Substance [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96595.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this chapter was to study the influence of humic substances on the formation of the safety and quality of poultry meat. The high abilities of the natural and organic complex of humic acids “Reasil®HumicHealth” (produced in Russia, Saratov) to sorb and desorb five mycotoxins of compound feed (aflatoxin B1, ochratoxin, toxin T-2, zearalenone and fuminisin B1) were experimentally established. The hepatoprotective ability of humic acids was observed in experiments on broilers using rapeseed meal containing an increased amount of secondary plant metabolites that could cause liver damage. It was found out that the inclusion of humic acids in the amount of 1 and 1.5 g per 1 kg of feed to the main diet of broiler chickens has a more stable positive effect, both in terms of slaughter indicators (yield of semieviscerated carcasses and carcasses of complete evisceration), and in the production of the most valuable natural semi-finished products (breast, chicken legs) due to the intensive growth of muscle tissue. A clear improvement in the morpho-biochemical and immunological parameters of blood and micromorphometric characteristics of the organs of the immune system of poultry was noted with the use of different concentrations of humic acid salts. The use of the additive at the rate of 1 and 1.5 g per 1 kg of feed does not negatively affect the sensory indicators of finished culinary products.
Conference papers on the topic "Broiler feeds"
1
Doskovic, Vladimir, Snežana Bogosavljevic-Boškovic, Zdenka Škrbic, Miloš Lukic, Simeon Rakonjac, Veselin Petricevic, and Dejan Beukovic. "EFEKAT ENZIMA PROTEAZE NA PRINOS I UDEO JESTIVIH PRATEĆIH PROIZVODA KLANJA PILIĆA HIBRIDA MASTER GRIS." In XXVI savetovanje o biotehnologiji sa međunarodnim učešćem. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Agronomy, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/sbt26.269d.
Full textAbstract:
The effect of supplemental protease (Ronozyme ProAct) in broiler diet on the weights and percentage yields of slaughter by-products of male and female medium-growing Master Gris broiler chickens was analysed. Fattening period lasted for 63 days. Broilers were assigned to 3 experimental groups, each consisting of 100 birds. Experimental groups differed in protease levels used in their diets: control broilers (C) received complete feeds (starter, grower and finisher) without supplemental protease; chickens in the experimental group E-I were given a diet containing 0.2% protease and crude protein levels reduced by 4% compared with the control group, whereas experimental E-II broilers were fed a diet supplemented with 0.3% protease and containing crude protein levels reduced by 6% compared with C birds. The analysis of the results showed that feeding treatments had a very small effect on the weights and proportion yields of edible by-products (with difference only in the percentage yield of liver relative to live weight between C and E-I broilers, P<0.05), whereas sex was found to affect almost all slaughter by-products (except abdominal fat weight and the percentage yield of gizzard relative to live weight, P>0.05).
2
Niyonshuti, Eric, and Figen Kırkpınar. "Assessment of the Last Decades Studies and Developments in Broilers Nutrition." In International Students Science Congress. Izmir International Guest Student Association, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52460/issc.2021.003.
Full textAbstract:
The poultry industry has advanced remarkably over the past 30 years. In particular, broiler production has been the most successful than any other sector in the animal industry. Production standards of broilers have continuously improved over this period, with modern broilers reaching a live average weight of 2.5 kg at 33 – 35 days. Today, under normal conditions, a broiler chicken can gain an average weight of 65 g per day and can attain 1.5 feed conversion ratio (FCR). Genetic selection brought about by breeding companies has played a big part in the improvements of broiler growth, and advances in nutritional management have provided about 10 to 15% of these changes. In conclusion, future broiler nutrition studies are going to be continued on the plane of economic criteria, determination of alternative feedstuffs and their cultivation, production of new feed additives, sustainability, and food or product quality. However, broiler nutrition studies are expected to contain not only pure and applied nutrition but also to answer and to enlighten some discussed issues such as to support animal welfare, consumer health, and ecological equilibrium. In this review, the latest improvements in feed formulation with much attention on metabolizable energy (ME) and crude protein (CP), feeding systems and feed presentation, use of feed additives to enhance feed use and broiler performance are discussed.
3
Qiu, Songshan, Cuicui Jiang, and Jinping Hai. "Notice of Retraction: Impact of Moulds and Mycotoxins Contamination of the Broiler Concentrated Feeds at Different Storage Conditions." In 2011 5th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2011.5781518.
Full text
4
Vasile, Cristian. "ASSURANCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION BY THERMOTECHNICAL MEASUREMENTS OF THE PROCESS INSTALLATION IN THE CASE OF COMPOUND FEEDS PRODUCTION FOR BROILER CHICKEN." In 18th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2018. Stef92 Technology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2018/5.1/s20.013.
Full text
5
Kosolapov, Vladimir, Zinaida Zverkova, Halyaf Ishmuratov, Bella Osipyan, and Larisa Korovina. "Seeds of spring brassica campestris in the diets of chickens-broilers." In Multifunctional adaptive fodder production. ru: Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33814/mak-2021-25-73-153-157.
Full textAbstract:
In order to save soybean meal, sunflower oil and reduce the cost of rations, new sources of raw materials can be used. In modern conditions, attention is drawn to the brassica rapa campestris, the seeds of which can be used as a fat and protein supplement. Experiments were carried out to determine the optimal rate for the introduction of seeds of spring rape variety Nadezhda into compound feed for growing broiler chickens. It has been established that this variety belongs to canola varieties and can be included up to 7% (by weight) in the composition of mixed fodders, does not have a negative effect on the state of the body and the growth rate of broiler chickens. The introduction of seeds of spring rape to 7% in the composition of feed for broiler chickens reduces the use of soybean meal to 4.7% and sunflower oil to 2.3% (relative). The efficiency of conversion to products by group was 61.93 % in the control group and 62.18% to 63.62% in the experimental group, respectively.
6
Yanchenko, V. V., and E. A. Kapitonova. "RESULTS OF ORGANOLEPTIC AND TASTING EVALUATION OF POULTRY MEAT WHEN INTRODUCING THE REGULATORY COMPLEX "BYPASS" INTO THE DIET." In "International Scientific and Practical Conference" THEORY AND PRACTICE OF VETERINARY PHARMACY, ECOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY IN AIC ", dedicated to the centenary of the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, SPbSUVM. FSBEI HE St. Petersburg SUVM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52419/3006-2021-2-253-256.
Full textAbstract:
Stimulation of the body of poultry by the regulatory complex "Bypass" allowed us to obtain a high-quality product. The removal of synthetic amino acids from the feed helps to improve the taste of the meat of broiler chickens of the «Ross-308» cross.
7
Febrantama, Yuke Dorik, Muhamad Imam Hambali, Abigeil Akbar, and Niati Ningsih. "Review: Penambahan Mikroenkapsulasi Minyak Ikan Pada Pakan Sebagai Inovasi Enrichment Feed Untuk Meningkatkan Produktivitas Unggas." In Kedaulatan Pangan Nasional Melalui Pengembangan Potensi Ternak Lokal di Era Kenormalan Baru. Animal Science : Polije Proceedings Series, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.25047/proc.anim.sci.2020.20.
Full textAbstract:
Mikroenkapsulasi minyak ikan merupakan teknik untuk melapisi komponen asam lemak esensial pada minyak ikan dengan menggunakan bahan pelapis tertentu. Fungsi teknik mikroenkapsulasi adalah untuk menjaga dan melindungi kestabilan komponen penting dalam minyak ikan agar dapat dimanfaatkan oleh tubuh ternak. Tujuan dari penulisan artikel review ini adalah untuk mengetahui teknik mikroenkasulasi pada minyak ikan sebagai inovasi enrichment feed dan pengaruhnya terhadap produktivitas unggas. Minyak ikan adalah bahan pakan sumber lemak esensial yang dibutuhkan ternak, akan tetapi dalam penggunaanya mudah teroksidasi oleh pengaruh lingkungan sehingga memiliki stabilitas umur simpan yang pendek dan kualitas yang cepat menurun. Penggunaan mikroenkapsulasi minyak ikan telah dilakukan pada beberapa unggas seperti puyuh, broiler dan layer. Penggunaan mikroenkapsulasi minyak ikan pada pakan dilaporkan dapat meningkatkan produktivias dan menurunkan kandungan kolesterol pada daging ayam broiler, serta meningkatkan kandungan asam lemak omega 3 dan menurunkan kandungan kolesterol pada kuning telur. Pemanfatan teknik mikroenkapsulasi minyak ikan pada pakan unggas masih jarang dilakukan sehingga perlu dikaji lebih dalam agar dapat dikembangkan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas unggas dan juga meningkatkan kualitas dari produk peternakan.
8
Kulish, Sviatlana, Anastasiya Prusakova, Leanida Sapunova, and Iryna Tamkovich. "Effect of feed additive polyact on immune status of broiler chickens." In National Scientific Symposium With International Participation: Modern Biotechnologies – Solutions to the Challenges of the Contemporary World. Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52757/imb21.083.
Full text
9
Hong Li, Jeannine Harter-Dennis, Williams Brown, and Stephen Collier. "Evaluation of Enzyme Feed Additive on Ammonia Emission from Broilers." In 2012 IX International Livestock Environment Symposium (ILES IX). St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.41561.
Full text
10
Shatskikh, Elena, Alyona Nufer, Olga Neverova, and Danis Galiev. "Digestibility and nutrient absorption in broiler chickens when replacing feed antibiotics in mixed feed with safe growth promoters." In Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference “Digital agriculture - development strategy” (ISPC 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ispc-19.2019.120.
Full text