Relevant bibliographies by topics / Broilers (Poultry) – Reproduction

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters

Academic literature on the topic 'Broilers (Poultry) – Reproduction'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Broilers (Poultry) – Reproduction"

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Kashkovskaya, Orobets, and Balyshev. "THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE DRUG DEQUICOX WITH EIMERIOSIS OF CHICKENS-BROILERS." THEORY AND PRACTICE OF PARASITIC DISEASE CONTROL, no. 20 (May 14, 2019): 258–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.31016/978-5-9902340-8-6.2019.20.258-262.

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The article presents the results of determination of the effectiveness of drug dequicox with eimeriosis of broiler chickens. Experimental studies were conducted from June to September 2018 in poultry enterprises of the Nizhniy Novgorod and Moscow regions on healthy day-old broiler chickens. The results showed that the anticoccidian drug Dequicox when using to broilers at a dose of 20 mg per 1 kg of compound feed according to DV (333 mg of the drug per 1 kg of feed, which corresponds to 2 mg of DV per 1 kg of body weight) for 30 days largely inhibits the reproduction of Eimeria in the intestine, which contributes to the normal growth, development and productivity of poultry.Despite significant progress in the poultry industry and veterinary medicine, not a single farm, regardless of the size or type of ownership, can do without the use of anti-drugs. The features of biology and reproduction of the causative agents of eimeriosis allow them to quickly adapt to changing habitat conditions and contribute to widespread distribution. It is known that eimeria quite rapidly form resistance to anticoccidian drugs and pass it on. Such unique adaptive mechanisms provoke outbreaks of this invasion, which are often noted in broiler chickens and young stock.The prevailing conditions dictate the need to improve treatment and preventive measures through the development of new highly effective anticoccidian drugs.
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Wood, Ben J., Hakimeh Emamgholi-Begli, Emhimad Abdella, Ryley J. Vanderhout, and Christine F. Baes. "181 Enhancing the efficiency of poultry production by optimising selection objectives and breeding strategies." Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_3 (December 2019): 182–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz258.376.

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Abstract Poultry, in general, have been the most successful farmed species in efficiently producing protein, be it egg laying chickens or meat producing chickens or turkeys. This has been the result of 60–80 years of continuous selection and improvement of traits that effect overall efficiency. The innate physiology of birds, high reproductive rates and relatively short generation intervals have helped speed these improvements. The contribution of feed to production costs has increased efforts to accurately measure feed intake, and selecting for efficient feed utilisation have been significant. Selection for feed efficiency forms an integral part of the breeding objective of the respective breeding programs, but in recent years other components of efficiency have become increasingly important within breeding objectives. Market segmentation, with greater volumes of fully deboned meat for further value added processing, has resulted in the optimisation of yield to feed for both broilers and turkeys. Allometric growth patterns, particularly late stage deposition of breast meat, gives rise to opportunities for optimisation of both slaughter age and weight. Genetic evaluations incorporating genomic information from birds with yield measurements is now implemented across both broilers and turkeys in many breeding programs. The implementation of genomic selection has benefits for not only yield, but also growth and feed efficiency, and we have shown improvements in genetic prediction of 11%, 23% and 31% for growth, breast meat and residual feed intake in turkeys, respectively. Reproductive efficiency has also been improved in broilers, turkeys and particularly layers, by improving evaluations using genomic information. Altering egg production curves to maintain production persistency for increasingly longer time periods has also been important. Layer flocks are now routinely in production for up to 500 days and similar objectives are used for selection in both broiler and turkey reproduction.
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Lee, Joonbum, Dong-Hwan Kim, Andrew M. Brower, Izzy Schlachter, and Kichoon Lee. "Effects of Myostatin Mutation on Onset of Laying, Egg Production, Fertility, and Hatchability." Animals 11, no. 7 (June 29, 2021): 1935. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11071935.

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Increased body weight and muscle mass, along with improved feed efficiency, by myostatin (MSTN) mutation in quail, supports the potential use of MSTN as a selection marker for higher meat yield in the poultry industry. Although economically important traits of broilers have been studied using recently generated MSTN mutant quail, the effect of MSTN mutation on egg production has not yet been investigated. In this study, several economically important traits of layers, including egg production, reproduction, and body composition of hens, were compared between MSTN homozygous mutant, heterozygous mutant, and wild-type (WT) quail. In terms of egg production, MSTN homozygous mutant quail, showing significantly delayed onset of egg laying, laid significantly heavier eggs, but a significantly lower number of eggs compared to WT quail for 20 days after 3 months of age, resulting in similar total egg production among groups. In addition, the percentage proportion of egg white and yolk in egg weight were similar among groups. Furthermore, similar fertility and hatchability of eggs from MSTN homozygous mutant breeding pairs and WT breeding pairs indicated normal reproductive function of MSTN mutant quail. These findings will provide scientific rationales for the consideration of MSTN as a potential selection marker for layers in the poultry industry.
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Nguyen Van, Duy, Nassim Moula, Evelyne Moyse, Luc Do Duc, Ton Vu Dinh, and Frederic Farnir. "Productive Performance and Egg and Meat Quality of Two Indigenous Poultry Breeds in Vietnam, Ho and Dong Tao, Fed on Commercial Feed." Animals 10, no. 3 (March 1, 2020): 408. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10030408.

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The objective of this work was the evaluation of the meat production and laying performances, and the meat and egg quality of two breeds of Vietnamese broiler chickens, Ho and Dong Tao, fed on a commercial diet. In a survey, we continuously recorded for 28 weeks, the data on the production performance and meat quality of 250 chicks from each breed. We investigated egg laying and egg quality using 36 Ho and 32 Dong Tao hens during 52 weeks of laying. The growth patterns were similar for the two breeds. Feed conversion ratios were also similar, and demonstrated the low efficiency of these two breeds when compared to commercial broilers. Slaughter age proved to affect several carcass yield characteristics, showing that slaughtering between 16 and 20 weeks might be better than at the usual age of 28 weeks. Yield, carcass composition and meat quality differed between the two studied breeds. The eggs production and number of embryonated eggs were low for the two breeds when compared to other breeds, with a lower hatching performance in Ho than in Dong Tao. In summary, the production performances of Ho and Dong Tao chickens were low, even when birds were fed a commercial diet. The study demonstrates the need to find ways to improve the production and reproduction performances of these animals, in order to contribute to the program of conservation and exploitation of these two breeds.
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Tatár-Kis, Timea, Egil A. J. Fischer, Christophe Cazaban, Edit Walkó-Kovács, Zalan G. Homonnay, Francisca C. Velkers, Vilmos Palya, and J. Arjan Stegeman. "A Herpesvirus of Turkey-Based Vector Vaccine Reduces Transmission of Newcastle Disease Virus in Commercial Broiler Chickens with Maternally Derived Antibodies." Vaccines 8, no. 4 (October 16, 2020): 614. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8040614.

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Newcastle Disease is one of the most important infectious poultry diseases worldwide and is associated with high morbidity, mortality, and economic loss. In several countries, vaccination is applied to prevent and control outbreaks; however, information on the ability of vaccines to reduce transmission of ND virus (NDV) is sparse. Here we quantified the transmission of velogenic NDV among 42-day-old broilers. Chickens were either vaccinated with a single dose of a vector vaccine expressing the F protein (rHVT-ND) at day-old in the presence of maternally derived antibodies or kept unvaccinated. Seeders were challenged 8 h before the co-mingling with the corresponding contacts from the same group. Infection was monitored by daily testing of cloacal and oro-nasal swabs with reverse transcription-real-time PCR and by serology. Vaccinated birds were completely protected against clinical disease and virus excretion was significantly reduced compared to the unvaccinated controls that all died during the experiment. The reproduction ratio, which is the average number of secondary infections caused by an infectious bird, was significantly lower in the vaccinated group (0.82 (95% CI 0.38–1.75)) than in the unvaccinated group (3.2 (95% CI 2.06–4.96)). Results of this study demonstrate the potential of rHVT-ND vaccine in prevention and control of ND outbreaks.
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D�rea, Fernanda C., Dana J. Cole, Charles Hofacre, Katherine Zamperini, Demetrius Mathis, Michael P. Doyle, Margie D. Lee, and John J. Maurer. "Effect of Salmonella Vaccination of Breeder Chickens on Contamination of Broiler Chicken Carcasses in Integrated Poultry Operations." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 76, no. 23 (October 1, 2010): 7820–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01320-10.

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ABSTRACT While measures to control carcass contamination with Salmonella at the processing plant have been implemented with some success, on-farm interventions that reduce Salmonella prevalence in meat birds entering the processing plant have not translated well on a commercial scale. We determined the impact of Salmonella vaccination on commercial poultry operations by monitoring four vaccinated and four nonvaccinated breeder (parental) chicken flocks and comparing Salmonella prevalences in these flocks and their broiler, meat bird progeny. For one poultry company, their young breeders were vaccinated by using a live-attenuated Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium vaccine (Megan VAC-1) followed by a killed Salmonella bacterin consisting of S. enterica serovar Berta and S. enterica serovar Kentucky. The other participating poultry company did not vaccinate their breeders or broilers. The analysis revealed that vaccinated hens had a lower prevalence of Salmonella in the ceca (38.3% versus 64.2%; P < 0.001) and the reproductive tracts (14.22% versus 51.7%; P < 0.001). We also observed a lower Salmonella prevalence in broiler chicks (18.1% versus 33.5%; P < 0.001), acquired from vaccinated breeders, when placed at the broiler farms contracted with the poultry company. Broiler chicken farms populated with chicks from vaccinated breeders also tended to have fewer environmental samples containing Salmonella (14.4% versus 30.1%; P < 0.001). There was a lower Salmonella prevalence in broilers entering the processing plants (23.4% versus 33.5%; P < 0.001) for the poultry company that utilized this Salmonella vaccination program for its breeders. Investigation of other company-associated factors did not indicate that the difference between companies could be attributed to measures other than the vaccination program.
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Emanyilova, Zh V., A. V. Egorova, D. N. Efimov, and A. A. Komarov. "Efficient highly productive new meat cross Smena-9 with federsex maternal parental form." E3S Web of Conferences 247 (2021): 01035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124701035.

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The paper assesses the efficiency of using the federsex for marker genes K-k maternal parental form and the final broiler hybrid of the new highly productive cross Smena-9 in production conditions. It was found that two-lined chickens of the maternal parental form SM79 have an advantage over the original lines in reproductive qualities (egg production, hatching eggs, hatching, number of chickens per a laying hen) by 1.23-25.6%. Under optimal conditions for feeding and keeping, 138.5 heads of day-old broilers can be obtained from the autosex maternal parental form. During selection of linear poultry, the following indicators of broilers were improved: livability, live weight, dressed weight, yield of pectoral muscles and reduced feed costs per 1 kg of live weight gain. The meat yield from one parental pair was 314.8 kg. The taste qualities of broth and poultry meat of the Smena-9 cross are high. The sexing accuracy is 99.8%. Poultry of the federsex maternal parental form and the final hybrid - broilers of the new Russian cross Smena-9 has a high genetic potential and can be successfully used in the production of eggs and meat at enterprises of various types.
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Akanbi, Olatunde Babatunde, and Victor Olusegun Taiwo. "Mortality and Pathology Associated with Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1 Outbreaks in Commercial Poultry Production Systems in Nigeria." International Scholarly Research Notices 2014 (October 22, 2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/415418.

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Commercial layer-type, pullet, cockerel, and broiler chicken flocks infected with highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 in Nigeria between 2006 and 2008 were investigated for morbidity, mortality, and pathology. Of the one hundred and fifty-three (153) farms confirmed with HPAI infection, one hundred and twenty-seven (127) were layer-type farms, nine (9) were pullet and broiler farms each, and eight (8) were cockerel rearing farms. This study revealed the morbidity and mortality of a total of 939,620 commercial layer chickens, 16,421 pullets, 3,109 cockerels, and 6,433 broilers. Mortality rates were 11.11% in commercial layers, 26.84% in pullets, 45.51% in cockerels, and 73.92% in broilers in a total of eighteen (18) states and the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. A total of 316 carcasses were examined of which 248 were commercial layer, 25 were pullet, 14 were cockerel, and 29 were broiler. Main clinical and pathologic findings were observed in the nervous, circulatory, respiratory, integumentary, musculoskeletal, hemopoietic, gastrointestinal, and reproductive systems and, occasionally, lesions were generally nonspecific and multisystemic. Lesions occurred more frequently, severely, and in most of the carcasses examined, irrespective of chicken type.
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Kochish, Ivan I., Petr A. Krasochko, Elena A. Kapitonova, Aleksandr A. Lysenko, Roman A. Krivonos, and Oleg Yu Chernykh. "Hygiene of microbiota of broiler chickens with introduction of sorbent additive based on tripoli." Veterinaria Kubani, no. 6 (December 16, 2020): 25–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.33861/2071-8020-2020-6-25-27.

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Currently, mycotoxicosis and losses of poultry farming from non-communicable diseases are not a solved problem. The microflora of the gastrointestinal tract of broiler chickens, under the influence of the feed components, undergoes a qualitative change throughout the entire period of poultry growing. Authors in dynamics carried out studies to study the qualitative and quantitative composition of the microbiota of broiler chickens and its response to the impact of the feed additive «MeKaSorb». Introduction of various sorbent additives into the diet, including those based on tripoli, improves detoxification processes, regulates mineral, enzyme, hormonal and vitamin metabolism in the body of poultry. Ensuring maximum hygiene of the broiler microbiota allows to reduce the toxic load on the body of young poultry, ensure high safety of the livestock and get the maximum amount of products. Improving the sanitary quality and safety of food, as well as the prevention of diseases in poultry and humans is the most important task that must be addressed by the chief specialists at poultry farms. It has been established that the introduction of a patented additive-sorbent of mycotoxins based on tripoli «MeKaSorb» ensures the hygiene of the microbiota of broiler chickens, stimulates the growth and development of lacto- and bifidoflora, reduces the number of aerobic microorganisms and inhibits the reproduction and colonization of the gastrointestinal tract by bacteria of the intestinal group. Feed additive «MeKaSorb» is recommended for use in compound feeds for preventive purposes when growing poultry.
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Otwinowska-Mindur, Agnieszka, Małgorzata Gumułka, and Joanna Kania-Gierdziewicz. "Mathematical Models for Egg Production in Broiler Breeder Hens." Annals of Animal Science 16, no. 4 (October 1, 2016): 1185–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aoas-2016-0037.

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Abstract Broiler breeders hens (meat-type hens) have lower reproductive potential than laying-type hens. Statistical models for predicting potential laying pattern are important for economically optimal breeding strategy of egg production in a poultry flock. The aim of the study was to find the most suitable function for describing the egg-laying rate and egg weight during the broiler breeders’ production period and to characterize laying pattern in groups of hens with different egg production. The following four mathematical models were used: gamma, Narushin-Takma, logistic-curvilinear, and compartmental. The daily recorded egg production data from 100 broiler breeder hens were used. Hen-weekly egg production was described using laying rate during successive weeks after reaching sexual maturity (26 weeks of age) and daily recorded egg weight. On the basis of the total number of eggs laid (NEggs), groups of hens with low (21%), intermediate (52%), and high (27%) egg production were created. The differences between the goodness-of-fit criteria values (AIC, R2 MSE) were small, with all the examined models having the same quality of curve fitting for egg-laying rate and egg weight. The logistic-curvilinear model was able to fit well both egg-laying rate and egg weight of the whole broiler breeder hens’ flock, and also when hens were divided into three egg production groups. This model could be considered in a long-term prediction of the reproductive potential in the commercial management. Moreover, the presented model could be useful in the research on different reproduction parameters of individual hens.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Broilers (Poultry) – Reproduction"

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Decolongon, Joji. "The influence of slat material, slat coverage and breeder age on broiler breeder reproduction and progeny growth." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28978.

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This study was conducted to examine the potential of plastic slats as flooring material for maintenance of broiler breeders. Although plastic slats are more expensive than wood slats, plastic slats are more durable and easier to clean. Wood and plastic slats were tested as full and partial flooring to determine the ideal proportion of slats for broiler breeder floors. Space allotment was 2040 cm²/bird on all floor treatments. . Arbor Acres broiler breeders, one of the more common strains in British Columbia, were raised to 58 weeks of age to monitor the influence of slat material and slat coverage on egg production and progeny growth over one production cycle. Since the pens were not set up to determine the number of eggs lost through slats, "egg production" values were actually egg recovery values. Over-all egg recovery was significantly higher on partial wood (PWS) and partial plastic slats (PPS) than on either of the full slat treatments. Breeders on full wood slats (FWS) had higher over-all egg production than those on full plastic slats (FPS). Differences were significant for three biweekly periods, but slats did not influence the over-all incidence of floor eggs and cracked floor eggs. The incidence of cracked nest eggs was significantly higher in FWS and FPS than in PWS and PPS pens during four lay periods and overall. The proportion of non-cracked nest eggs, which was taken as an approximation of the proportion of settable eggs, was higher for partial slat pens than full slat pens, and FWS pens had a higher proportion of non-cracked nest eggs than FPS pens. To monitor fertility and hatchability, eggs were incubated at 37, 42, 46, 50 and 56 weeks of breeder age. Fertility, hatchability of total eggs set and hatchability of fertile eggs was not affected by type of slats. Progeny from the hatch at 37, 46 and 56 week of breeder age were grown in Petersime battery cages to three weeks of age. The progeny of breeders on FPS had lower first week weight gain than the other progeny groups due to moisture loss when 7 FPS progeny were lost during the second growth trial. Weekly and over-all feed conversion of progeny was not affected by types of slats used by parents. The 56th week progeny were grown in Petersime battery cages to market age (six weeks). PWS and FPS progeny had higher third week weight gain than PPS progeny. During the sixth week, FWS and PWS progeny had higher weight gain than FPS and PPS progeny. The sixth week feed conversion of FPS progeny was higher than that of the other three progeny groups. No other differences were seen. As long as slats were used as partial flooring, there were no differences in egg production on wood or plastic slats. The proportion of "settable" eggs, fertility, and hatchability of eggs of plastic slat breeders were comparable with that of wood slat breeders regardless of slat coverage. There were significant differences in the 3-week growth of 37th, 46th and 56th week progeny and the 6-week growth of 56th week progeny on the different slat types, but the differences were not due to slat treatments. There was no interaction between breeder age and slat material, therefore the influence of slat material on egg production and progeny growth did not vary with breeder age. Although egg recovery and the number of settable eggs were lower for FPS breeders, breeders on plastic slats performed as well as those on wood slats in the present study.
Land and Food Systems, Faculty of
Graduate
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Gilbert, André. "The value of dietary fats for improving reproductive performance of broiler breeder chickens /." Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59945.

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The effects of dietary fat on the reproductive performance of broiler breeder chickens have been studied. Individually caged broiler breeders were fed diets with or without added fat during 19-wk reproductive period. In Experiment 1, only the females were subjected to dietary treatments: control (no added fat), 3% animal-vegetable fat blend (A-V fat, 3% corn oil (CO)), while the males received a non-added fat diet. In Experiment 2, only the males were fed diets containing 0 or 3% of either A-V fat or CO while the females were provided a non-added-fat diet.
In Experiment 1, added dietary fat produced significantly higher fertility and early embryonic livability. In Experiment 2, inclusion of 3% CO in the males' diets significantly increased late embryo livability and total embryo survival resulting in a significantly higher hatchability. There were no differences in semen characteristics among dietary treatments. These data indicate that the contribution of the male is not restricted to the fertilization of eggs but is also related to embryonic livability. The addition of fat significantly affected the fatty acid composition of the phospholipid fraction of the spermatozoa cells.
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Fontana, Eddy Alejandro. "Effects of various male feeding regimens on reproduction in broiler breeders." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/43750.

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A study was conducted using commercial broiler breeders with the males fed a diet containing, either 120/0 or 140/0 protein and body weight maintained at either 900/0 or 1000/0 of that recommended by the primary breeder (fed separately), or allowed to eat from the female feeders (controls). Female feeders in the separately fed pens were equipped with especially designed grills, which denied access to the males. The male feeder in these pens was elevated so that females were denied access.

Males fed separately (body weight 90% or 1000/0, and dietary protein 120/0 or 140/0) had a significantly higher percentage fertility (4.20/0) than males allowed to eat with the females. No differences in percentage fertility were found among the four separately fed groups. No differences were noted in percentage hatch of fertile eggs among any of the treatment groups.

Males eating from the female feeders had significantly heavier body weights and testes weights at 65 weeks of age than breeder males in the separately fed, groups. Mean body weights were 3819g and 4773g at 35 weeks of age, and 4192g and 5443g at 65 weeks of age for males eating separately and eating with the females, respectively. Furthermore, males in the control group had significantly larger breast angle measurements when compared with the separately fed males. No differences were observed in foot scores and semen concentration among males in the various treatment groups.


Master of Science
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Tong, Qin. "Optimising incubation of broiler eggs using external stimuli." Thesis, Royal Veterinary College (University of London), 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.701661.

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Stevenson, Lindsay Marie. "Effects of soy phytoestrogen genistein on the reproductive development of immature female broiler chickens." Auburn, Ala., 2007. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2007%20Spring%20Theses/STEVENSON_LINDSAY_35.pdf.

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Cooper, Kerry Kevin. "Necrotic Enteritis in Broiler Chickens: Studies in Disease Reproduction and Pathogenesis." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195545.

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Necrotic enteritis in poultry is caused by Clostridium perfringens type A, and is estimated to cost the worldwide poultry industry approximately $2 billion dollars a year, due to increased mortality and decreased feed conversion and weight gain. Very little is known about the pathogenesis of this disease due to the lack of a consistently reproducible experimental model. This dissertation outlines the development of an effective and consistent experimental model for necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens. It was also found that in vivo passage through the chicken's intestinal tract let to increased virulence; we increased the proportion of birds developing disease from 34.6% to 81.4%. Researchers have proposed that alpha toxin (CPA) is believed to be the critical virulence factor of the disease. All type A isolates have the potential to produce CPA, thus we challenged birds with numerous type A isolates that are virulent in other animal hosts. However, we found that they did not produce necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens. In addition, challenge with culture supernatant alone failed to produce gross lesions in the birds, although challenging with washed whole cell cultures did do so. Vaccinating birds with HIS-tagged recombinant CPA provided partial protection against disease; there was a 42.0% decrease in lesion development. The conclusion of this doctoral research is that CPA does have a role in the pathogenesis of necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens, but there are apparently other critical virulence factors involved in the development of disease.
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Romero-Sanchez, Hugo. "Effect of Male Broiler Breeder Feeding Programs on Growth, Reproductive Performance, and Broiler Progeny." NCSU, 2005. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-12132005-210700/.

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Four studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of different feeding programs during rearing and production on broiler breeder male growth, fertility, and progeny performance. In Experiment I, the effects of two levels (High and Low) of cumulative nutrient intake during the rearing period to photostimulation at 21 wk of age through different dietary formulations or feeding programs were evaluated. The High cumulative nutrition program supplied 33.5 Mcal ME and 1,730 g CP, while the Low cumulative nutrition program supplied 29.6 Mcal ME and 1,470 g CP. At 21 wk of age in Experiment I-2, males were classified into Heavy or Light BW groups. A cumulative nutrient intake during the rearing period of 29.6 Mcal ME and 1,470 g CP, regardless of diet or feeding program resulted in a male of adequate BW that was able to maintain good fertility throughout the production period and produce broilers with increased 42-d BW. In Experiment III, two levels of dietary CP (12% and 17%) and two feeding programs (Concave and Sigmoid) were evaluated during the rearing period to 26 wk of age. The Concave or 17% CP treatments were unable to sustain fertility after 40 wk of age without an increased allocation of feed. In Experiments II, two antioxidant levels and different source of selenium were evaluated during the production period. In Experiment IV different feeding programs from 16 to 26 wk of age and during the production period were evaluated. The data showed that feed allocation relative to BW affected fertility more than did antioxidant inclusion. Furthermore, slow and consistently increasing feed increments from 16 to 26 wk of age and during the production period improved fertility and favorably impacted progeny performance. In conclusion, when males failed in accumulate adequate nutrients during the rearing period or gain adequate BW, as an indication of ME allocation, after photostimulation fertility declined and significant negative effects were observed in progeny performance.
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Paul, Marquisha A. "MICROALGAE AND ZINC SOURCE SUPPLEMENTATION OF BROILER BREEDER DIETS AFFECTS BROILER BREEDER SKELETAL DEVELOPMENT AND REPRODUCTION WITH TRANSGENERATIONAL IMPACTS ON OFFSPRING PERFORMANCE AND SKELETAL CHARACTERISTICS." UKnowledge, 2019. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/animalsci_etds/114.

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Leg problems and disorders are of major concern for the poultry industry and animal welfare. Previous studies suggest that it may be possible to improve skeletal characteristics through nutrition. Omega-3 fatty acids, including Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are essential nutrients and are known to play an important role in bone tissue development. FORPLUS™ (Alltech, Inc.) is an unextracted, whole-cell microalgae (Aurantiochytrium limacinum CCAP 4087/2) that contains 64% fat and 16% DHA. Zinc (Zn) is a trace element and essential nutrient for growth and skeletal development. Bioplex® Zn (Alltech, Inc.) is a Zn proteinate that has been shown to be more bioavailable to broiler chickens compared to inorganic sources of Zn. One objective of this research was to investigate the effects of 2 dietary levels of FORPLUS™ (0% vs. 2%) and 2 dietary Zn sources (ZnO vs. Bioplex® Zn) on skeletal characteristics and reproduction of broiler breeders. Breeders were maintained on these diets throughout the entire pullet and layer phases. Subsequent studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of breeder diet and offspring dietary Zn sources (ZnO vs. Bioplex® Zn) and microalgae supplementation (0% vs. 1%) on offspring performance and skeletal characteristics. During the broiler breeder pullet phase, dietary supplementation of 2% FORPLUS™ increased (P < 0.05) femur ash content and length. Pullet uniformity was in increased (P < 0.05) by Bioplex® Zn vs ZnO when microalgae was not included in the diet. Hen day production (HDP) was increased (P < 0.05) by ZnO vs. Bioplex® Zn supplementation during post-peak lay. During post-peak lay, hatchability and hatch of fertile eggs were improved (P < 0.05) by dietary supplementation of 2% FORPLUS™ or Bioplex® Zn in breeder diets, however egg weight, egg yolk weight, offspring hatch weight, and offspring body weight gain (BWG) significantly were decreased (P < 0.05) by 2% FORPLUS™. Bioplex® Zn in breeder diets increased (P < 0.05) growth plate zone heights, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase enzyme activity, and dimensions of offspring bones at hatch. At 3 weeks of age, offspring from breeders fed Bioplex® Zn during peak-lay had greater (P < 0.05) Zn content in tibia ash and bone dimensions, while offspring from breeders fed 2% FORPLUS™ vs. 0% FORPLUS™ had longer (P < 0.05) femurs. No interaction effect of breeder diet and offspring diet on early performance was observed. Offspring fed diets containing Bioplex® Zn vs. ZnO had greater (P < 0.05) body weight (BW) and tibia dimensions at 3 wk of age. Offspring fed diets containing 1% FORPLUS™ had decreased feed conversion (feed intake: BWG), but no main effects were observed on skeletal characteristics. Overall, dietary microalgae supplementation in broiler breeder diets improved early bone development in broiler breeders, early bone development in broiler breeder offspring, and hatchability of offspring during post-peak lay, while Bioplex® Zn supplementation in broiler breeder diets improved broiler breeder pullet uniformity, offspring hatchability during post-peak lay, embryonic skeletal development of offspring, and offspring bone quality. Bioplex® Zn in offspring diets also improved offspring early growth performance and leg bone morphology.
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9

"The photoperiodic response of male broiler breeders." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/2170.

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The expression of photorefractoriness, a feature of seasonal breeding in birds, is important in production species, where egg production and fertility are affected by the photoperiod. Years of selection in meat-type birds have reduced the potential reproductive function, and the environmental manipulation of such genotypes is essential to maximise productivity. While it is known that egg-type pullets no longer exhibit photorefractoriness, and that female broiler breeders do, there is not much information about the response of male broiler breeders to photoperiod. Such information is important when designing lighting programmes for breeding stock, and this study aimed to gain more insight into the male response to photoperiod. A series of experiments was designed in order to achieve this. In the first the response of male broiler breeders to rearing on constant photoperiods was measured, and in the second the effects of age at photostimulation on age at sexual maturity were assessed. The response to an increase in photoperiod during the production cycle was investigated in the third trial. Evidence of photorefractoriness in males was observed, but this was not the case in all birds, possibly due to high variation in some of the fertility traits measured. It seems possible that males do not respond to photoperiod to the same extent as females. Unexpected observations of a response in some birds to early photostimulation, and the high variation observed prompted another experiment in which the heritability of the response to early photostimulation was measured as a potentially revolutionary method of selection, whilst checking that this response is not negatively linked to broiler growth rates. Left and right testis weight data, collected in the above experiments, were analysed for asymmetry. There was no consistent response in testes asymmetry to photoperiod, or evidence that asymmetry in testis weights is as a result of the imposition of genetic or environmental stress. The strong correlation found between testes dimensions and weight suggests that predictions of testis weights could be made through ultrasonics or laparoscopy.
Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2010.
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Lewis, Peter David. "Photic involvement in the reproductive physiology of female domestic fowl." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/2658.

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Books on the topic "Broilers (Poultry) – Reproduction"

1

Robinson, Frank Edwin. New developments in reproduction and incubation of broiler chickens. Edmonton: Spotted Cow Press, 2003.

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2

1967-, Fasenko Gaylene Marie, and Renema Robert A. 1969-, eds. Optimizing chick production in broiler breeders. Edmonton: Spotted Cow Press, 2003.

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3

Bootwalla, Salim Mohsin. Factors affecting semen quality and their effects on the fertilizing ability of broiler breeder spermatozoa using a fluorometric assay. 1987.

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4

Rakphongphairoj, Vinai. The effects of ad libitum feeding 7% crude protein diets with varying energy levels on the reproductive performance of caged broiler breeder males. 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "Broilers (Poultry) – Reproduction"

1

Meulemans, G., M. Decaesstecker, and G. Charlier. "Runting Syndrome in Broiler Chickens. Experimental Reproduction Studies." In Acute Virus Infections of Poultry, 179–89. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4287-5_19.

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